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77,929,930
14,256,643
Django rest how to show hierarchical data in api response
<p>I am getting the category id for GET request but I want to show text in hierarchical structure like child1 -&gt; child -&gt; child3</p> <p>my expected response will be look like this</p> <pre><code>{ 'category': 'child1 -&gt; child -&gt; child3' } </code></pre> <p>now getting response like this</p> <pre><code>{ 'cat...
<python><python-3.x><django><django-models><django-rest-framework>
2024-02-02 21:28:38
1
1,647
boyenec
77,929,691
4,134,881
Why doesn't this simple while loop work with sympy?
<p>Consider the following commands</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from sympy import init_session() init_session def test(v, th): va = v val = 5*ln((2*(10**4))/(2*(10**4)+va-10)) while (va-val &gt; th): va=va-0.01 val = 5*ln((2*10**4)/(2*10**4+va-10)) return val </co...
<python><while-loop><sympy>
2024-02-02 20:27:27
1
3,514
xoux
77,929,667
386,861
Trying to understand Bayes theory with direct application
<p>I'm trying to apply Bayes theorem to a problem of my own so I can understand the methodology and how to set up the numbers.</p> <p>Essentially, I've got some data on four artists and the number of objects that they make every month over 80 periods.</p> <p>I'm interested in 'h' and believe there are three possibiliti...
<python><pandas><bayesian>
2024-02-02 20:22:50
0
7,882
elksie5000
77,929,620
1,058,090
Could not switch to new window and verify content using Selenium python
<p>I am automating a saas application using Selenium Python, and in that i need to verify a new window content, after clicking on the button. Below is the screenshot of the window.</p> <p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/qu5Zt.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/qu5Zt.png" alt="enter image desc...
<python><selenium-webdriver>
2024-02-02 20:09:55
1
534
Vincent
77,929,607
816,566
How can I reduce the namespace qualifiers When using inner Enums?
<p>I'm using Python 3.10.12. When I use an inner <code>Enum</code>, my code has many redundant namespace qualifiers, and they require a lot of horizontal space. How can I reduce them? For example:</p> <pre><code>class Outer: class InnerEnum(Enum): INNER_VALUE_ONE = 1 INNER_VALUE_TWO = 2 def ou...
<python><enums>
2024-02-02 20:06:13
1
1,641
Charlweed
77,929,603
7,259,176
Element-wise comparison of SymPy Matrices
<p>Is there a convenient way to compare two equal sized SymPy matrices element-wise?</p> <p>Here's what I'm attempting:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from sympy import Matrix def element_wise_matrix_comparison(matrix1, matrix2): result_matrix = Matrix([[matrix1[i, j] == matrix2[i, j] for j in...
<python><sympy>
2024-02-02 20:04:46
3
2,182
upe
77,929,560
590,552
Python Loading JSON config file on __init__
<p>I am new to Python and I am trying to create a class that handles loading my config values. So far this is what I have :</p> <pre><code>import os, json class ConfigHandler: CONFIG_FILE = &quot;/config.json&quot; def __init__(self): print(&quot;init config&quot;) if os.path.exists(self.CONFI...
<python><json><python-3.x>
2024-02-02 19:54:39
2
312
evolmonster
77,929,554
1,316,702
databricks - how to debug parameters when calling function
<p>In databricks, I have 2 notebooks. One notebooks holds a function. The other notebook calls the function in the first notebook.</p> <p>this is how I am calling the function</p> <pre><code>from pyspark.sql.functions import col df_adatposUpload = joined_df.select( ,'PATBKG' ,varMyBloombergFun...
<python><tags><databricks>
2024-02-02 19:53:37
1
1,277
solarissf
77,929,475
50,385
Is it possible to check if an asyncio.Task is blocked vs ready?
<p>I'm working on a make-like system written in Python and I want to be able to throttle how many cores are in use for parallel building, similar to the <a href="https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Parallel.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>-j</code>/<code>--jobs</code> option supported by GNU make</...
<python><async-await><python-asyncio><event-loop>
2024-02-02 19:37:35
1
22,294
Joseph Garvin
77,929,347
1,029,902
Insert row from CSV file2 in file1 if row is unique in file1 (according to a common key)
<p>I have two csv files that have the same structure. <code>tops.csv</code> and <code>yesterday.csv</code>. I am first sorting yesterday by a specific column than I want to take the row with the highest value in that column. For this row, I want to check 3 of its columns, (the 3rd fourth and fifth columns) and see if t...
<python><pandas><dataframe><csv>
2024-02-02 19:11:08
2
557
Tendekai Muchenje
77,929,264
2,812,625
Python Dictionary from pd.DataFrame
<p>How come this method results in an embedded dictionary which then I can not use to rename columns.</p> <pre><code># Rename columns cen_columns = cen_columns[['VARIABLE','LABEL_CLEAN']].set_index(&quot;VARIABLE&quot;).to_dict() census_age.columns = census_age.columns.to_series().map(cen_columns['LABEL_CLEAN']) </code...
<python><pandas><dictionary>
2024-02-02 18:54:42
1
446
Tinkinc
77,929,243
14,735,451
Find unique answers from list of strings
<p>I have 2 lists:</p> <pre><code>texts = [&quot;this is string 1&quot;, &quot;this is string 2&quot;, &quot;this is string 3&quot;] answers = [&quot;this&quot;, &quot;string 1&quot;, &quot;string 3&quot;] </code></pre> <p>I need to create a function that returns as many possible answers from <code>answers</code> (and ...
<python><string><list>
2024-02-02 18:49:45
1
2,641
Penguin
77,929,212
823,859
Uninstall package located in /Library/Python/3.9/bin
<p>I would like to install a package (streamlit) only in a <code>conda</code> environment, not system-wide. However, when I go to <code>pip install</code> it in the environment, it says that the requirements were already satisfied in <code>/Users/adamg/Library/Python/3.9/bin</code>. How do I remove this instance, so th...
<python><pip><anaconda><streamlit>
2024-02-02 18:41:38
1
7,979
Adam_G
77,929,174
1,313,890
Pyspark adding an extra row with `.select`
<p>I have a pyspark dataframe that I am building out to get the unique values of a column in a table. I have run scripts on this table to update any NULL values in the column in question and have confirmed that there are no NULL values in the table. Here's where things get a weird.</p> <p>I use <code>.groupBy</code> to...
<python><pyspark><databricks><delta-live-tables>
2024-02-02 18:33:07
0
547
Shane McGarry
77,929,077
1,663,382
How to maintain Polars DataFrame metadata through processing, serialization and deserialization in Apache Arrow IPC format in Python?
<p>I would like to be able to track metadata related to a <a href="https://docs.pola.rs/user-guide/concepts/data-structures/#dataframe" rel="nofollow noreferrer">polars DataFrame</a> through processing, serialization, and deserialization using the Apache Arrow IPC format in python-polars. How can this be accomplished?<...
<python><python-3.x><dataframe><metadata><python-polars>
2024-02-02 18:12:32
1
718
Liquidgenius
77,929,049
2,038,912
Convert a DataFrame of 2 columns into a dict ColA -> ColB
<p>If I had a DataFrame of 2 columns(a and b) How do I convert this into a dictionary mapping a-&gt;b? (None of the DataFrame.to_dict() options is doing what I want</p> <pre><code>pd.DataFrame(data={ 'a':[1,3], 'b':[2,4]}) a b 0 1 2 1 3 4 </code></pre> <p>and I want a resulting dictionary like</p> <pre><code>{ ...
<python><pandas><dictionary>
2024-02-02 18:04:40
2
593
9mjb
77,928,941
10,437,727
How to run a FileSensor inside of an Airflow task?
<p>Airflow version: 2.8</p> <p>I'm struggling to run a <code>FileSensor</code> inside a DAG in Airflow. I built a generic <code>FileSensor</code> <em>generator</em>:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>def generic_human_feedback_sensor(step_name: str) -&gt; FileSensor: prefix = &quot;&quot; run_...
<python><airflow>
2024-02-02 17:43:01
0
1,760
Fares
77,928,740
1,576,208
Python sockets in a multithreaded program with classes/objects interfere with each other
<p>As an aid to my work, I am developing a communication simulator between devices, based on TCP sockets, in Python 3.12 (with an object oriented approach). Basically, the difference between a SERVER type communication channel rather than a CLIENT type is merely based on the way by which the sockets are instantiated: r...
<python><java><multithreading><sockets><tcp>
2024-02-02 17:06:31
1
5,467
SagittariusA
77,928,449
3,170,559
How to get data from REST API over self-hosted integration runtime on Synapse Analytics?
<p>In my company I got access to a data source via a REST API which can only be accessed from within the company network. When I run my code for testing on my pc, it works as expected. However, I want to run the code on Synapse Analytics which is not internal because it is in Azure. So the code won't work. We got a sel...
<python><azure><rest><azure-data-factory><azure-synapse>
2024-02-02 16:20:47
1
717
stats_guy
77,928,407
3,160,284
NumPy C-API: Undefined reference error trying to support numpy.float16
<p>I am trying to build one of the <code>ufunc</code> examples from NumPy's documentation (see <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/user/c-info.ufunc-tutorial.html#example-numpy-ufunc-with-multiple-dtypes" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>), but I am unable to get the support for half-precision floating point numbers...
<python><c><numpy><linker-errors><meson-build>
2024-02-02 16:14:17
0
335
Roland Seubert
77,928,345
715,348
Delete possible despite Foreign Key
<p>I'm facing a behavior that I don't technically understand.</p> <p>Let's assume I have a data model that looks like the following.</p> <pre><code>class MastoList(db.Model): __tablename__ = 'mastolist' id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True) name = db.Column(db.String(255), nullable=False) list_id...
<python><sqlite><sqlalchemy>
2024-02-02 16:04:28
1
318
André
77,928,256
9,983,652
how to union multiple index?
<p>I'd like to find union of index of multiple dataframes, in pandas union can only be used for 2 indexes at a time, so I have to do it multiple times like below. I am wondering if I can do it using only one line? Thanks</p> <pre><code>NewIdx = pd.Index(Idx1.union(Idx2), name = 'depth') NewIdx=pd.Ind...
<python><pandas>
2024-02-02 15:49:13
2
4,338
roudan
77,928,197
2,812,625
A more Pythonic Way to clean up strings
<p>I am looking to clean up some strings to make them column names and the easiest method i found is a series of replace statements: is there a cleaner way to achieve this outcome?</p> <p>Sample String for clarity:</p> <pre><code>0 Estimate!!Total: 1 Estimate!!To...
<python><string><replace>
2024-02-02 15:38:18
3
446
Tinkinc
77,928,132
1,911,722
How to install .conda file downloaded from anaconda package site?
<p>For example, I want to install fish shell using conda. But the server has no internet connection.</p> <p>On <a href="https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/fish/files" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/fish/files</a> , many versions are provided. But almost the latest few versions are always in .c...
<python><anaconda><conda>
2024-02-02 15:28:45
1
2,657
user15964
77,927,935
2,986,153
multiple hue in same kdeplot
<pre><code>import polars as pl import numpy as np import seaborn as sb import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.ticker as mtick TRIALS = int(10e3) RATE_A = 0.65 RATE_B = 0.66 SIMS = int(4e3) np.random.seed(42) df_sim = pl.DataFrame( { &quot;A&quot;: np.random.binomial(TRIALS, RATE_A, SIMS) / TRI...
<python><seaborn>
2024-02-02 15:00:31
1
3,836
Joe
77,927,837
11,908,438
import function from folder in python
<p>Im trying to import a function located in another folder into my python file which is located in another folder.</p> <p>Folder structure looks like this</p> <pre><code>Project: -dbNameFolder + __init__.py + dbNames.py -FolderIwantToImportTo + file.py </code></pre> <p>for example, i tried this wit...
<python><import><module>
2024-02-02 14:45:36
1
545
Zayne komichi
77,927,819
11,039,749
PulseAudio Create Virtual Mic and use it in Python
<p>I am working on creating a virtual mic that mirrors speakers, a loopback to the mic pretty much. I was able to successfully create this mic, and when I look at pavucontrol and it shows the mic is copying the sound waves as the speakers. BUT when I connect it to a python script I tried all available inputs it doesnt ...
<python><pulseaudio>
2024-02-02 14:42:33
1
529
Bigbear
77,927,706
7,972,989
Dash datatable ignores zeros at beginning of string in filter input
<p>I have a dash datatable and I activated the filter option.</p> <p>I want to filter on &quot;col2&quot;, which is a columns of character values. Not numeric.</p> <p>However, when I filter put &quot;00500&quot; in the filter input on top of the table, the table has 2 rows : the one containing &quot;00500&quot; and &qu...
<python><plotly-dash>
2024-02-02 14:25:36
0
2,505
gdevaux
77,927,700
7,956,959
Python. SeleniumWebDriver. How to operate with {Webelement} as iterable unit?
<p>got a problem with my trying to use clear selenium.webdriver. I want to operate with element {WebElement} which was taken from list of WebElements. Is it possible at all?</p> <pre><code>... for button in web_driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, path): try: wait = WebDriverWait(self.web_driver, 10) wai...
<python><selenium-webdriver>
2024-02-02 14:25:21
1
518
Kaonashi
77,927,600
616,460
ProxyFix does not seem to be working (Flask behind nginx)
<p>I have a server running nginx. I'm trying to set up a Flask application at a specific sub-URL (e.g. <code>http://server/app/</code> maps to Flask application's <code>/</code>). If it matters, ultimately I intend for multiple Flask applications to run at various other sub-URLs on this same server.</p> <p>I'm new to a...
<python><nginx><flask>
2024-02-02 14:10:36
1
40,602
Jason C
77,927,589
7,529,256
The IF - OR condition does not work with Float(nan) in python. How to write this in a single line?
<p>There are 4 conditions mainly :</p> <ol> <li>str(row[&quot;Vch Type*&quot;]) == &quot;Payment&quot;</li> <li>str(row[&quot;Vch Type*&quot;]) == &quot;Contra&quot; and row[&quot;Withdrawal*&quot;] is not null</li> <li>str(row[&quot;Vch Type*&quot;]) == &quot;Receipt&quot;</li> <li>str(row[&quot;Vch Type*&quot;]) == &...
<python><pandas>
2024-02-02 14:09:16
0
1,584
Viv
77,927,531
9,608,860
set_permission_overrides not assigning permission with dpytest
<p>I am trying to configure a testing bot with dpytest. I want to create a bot which has permission to manage channels Here is my code base:</p> <pre><code>@pytest_asyncio.fixture(params=BOT_FIXTURE) async def bot(request) -&gt; AsyncGenerator[Tuple[commands.Bot, str], None]: b = commands.Bot( command_prefi...
<python><discord.py><pytest>
2024-02-02 14:00:01
0
405
Aarti Joshi
77,927,401
3,071,626
How to integrate pydantic with pymongo?
<p>I get a simple Json from my mongodb with pymongo which I want to validate using pydantic:</p> <pre><code>from pydantic import TypeAdapter, BaseModel, Json # contents is the mongodb collection and returns this # content = [{&quot;content&quot;: {}}] content = list(contents.find(projection={'_id': 0})) class Content...
<python><json><pymongo><pydantic>
2024-02-02 13:37:58
0
575
Tom
77,927,370
4,948,719
Typing a class member that gets overriden by a property in subclass
<p>Here is an example code of what I have:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>class A: value: int def __init__(self, value): self.value = value class B(A): @property def value(self) -&gt; int: return 3 </code></pre> <p>Dynamically this works perfectly, but pyright complains that ...
<python><python-3.x><inheritance><python-typing>
2024-02-02 13:33:38
1
1,834
tbrugere
77,927,215
8,771,082
Understanding scikit learn import variants
<p>Scikit learn import statements in their tutorials are on the form</p> <pre><code>from sklearn.decomposition import PCA </code></pre> <p>Another versions that works is</p> <pre><code>import sklearn.decomposition pca = sklearn.decomposition.PCA(n_components = 2) </code></pre> <p>However</p> <pre><code>import sklearn p...
<python><scikit-learn><python-import>
2024-02-02 13:06:29
1
449
Anton
77,926,884
101,022
AWS S3 generate_presigned_post loses content-type after formData POST
<p>Using Python's boto3 library, I create a presigned URL and return it to the front end:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>s3_client = boto3.client('s3') response = s3_client.generate_presigned_post( &quot;bucket&quot;, &quot;logo&quot;, Fields={ &quot;Content-Type&quot;: &quot;im...
<javascript><python><amazon-web-services><amazon-s3>
2024-02-02 12:12:40
0
1,480
timborden
77,926,865
9,074,767
Is it a good practice to define datatypes in `__init__.py`?
<p>I have a folder structure like this:</p> <pre><code>nlp ├── generation │ ├── io_operations │ ├── __init__.py │ ├── generator.py │ ├── processing.py │ └── prompting.py │ ├── prompts (folder) │ ├── ressources (folder) │ ├── __init__.py │ ├── classifier.py │ ├── clustering.py │ ├── dsos.py...
<python><architecture><design-principles>
2024-02-02 12:10:15
0
1,183
Marcel Braasch
77,926,829
7,959,614
How to write "probability that result of objective function is lower than y" in LinearConstraint using scipy.optimize
<p>I have the following working optimization problem:</p> <pre><code>import random import numpy as np from scipy.optimize import minimize, LinearConstraint random.seed(123) # assumptions d = np.array([1.3, 10]) p = np.array([random.randint(700, 950) / 1000 for _ in range(100)]) scenarios = np.array([[1], ...
<python><scipy><scipy-optimize>
2024-02-02 12:02:42
1
406
HJA24
77,926,630
2,123,706
compare row equality by linking values between columns in pandas
<p>I have a df:</p> <pre><code>rdata = {'id': {0: 'a01', 1: 'a02', 2: 'a03', 3: 'a04', 4: 'a05', 5: 'a06', 6: 'a07', 7: 'a08', 8: 'a09', 9: 'a10', 10: 'a11'}, 'col1': {0: 123456, 1: 1234567, 2: 123456, 3: 123456, 4: 1234, 5: 123456, 6: 123456, 7: 1234, 8: 1234, 9: 12345, 10: 12345}, 'col2': {0: 'a', 1: 'c', 2: 'a', 3: ...
<python><pandas>
2024-02-02 11:21:22
1
3,810
frank
77,926,591
1,216,183
Pillow raise OSError when fail to read image (not real OSError), how to workaround this?
<p>Some images pass the <code>image.verify()</code> method but still fail to be read and the following errors can be raised :</p> <pre><code>OSError broken data stream when reading image file </code></pre> <pre><code>OSError image file is truncated (XXX bytes not processed) </code></pre> <p>I've read many issues on git...
<python><python-imaging-library>
2024-02-02 11:15:59
0
2,213
fabien-michel
77,926,337
6,546,694
Why is it that setting a value on a dataframe that is (I think) a copy changing the original dataframe?
<p>I create a dataframe and (I think) I create a copy out of it. I think I create a copy out of it since <code>._is_view</code> property is <code>False</code></p> <pre><code>import pandas as pd df = pd.DataFrame({'a':[1,2,3],'b':['x','y','z']}) df.loc[[True, True, False],'a']._is_view output: False </code></pre> <p>S...
<python><pandas><dataframe>
2024-02-02 10:39:14
2
5,871
figs_and_nuts
77,926,327
355,401
How to see current exception in VS Code Python Debugger in except clause
<p>I am using VS Code to debug Python application.<br /> If I have the following code</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>try: do_something() catch Exception: handle_exception() # &lt;--- program is here </code></pre> <p>Is there a way in VS Code to watch the exception catch even though I didn't as...
<python><vscode-debugger>
2024-02-02 10:37:42
1
11,544
Ido Ran
77,926,266
9,443,693
Google OR-Tools: Different cost for same node base on position in route
<p>I have a list of costs for each node based on the position of a node in a route. The depot is positioned at 0.</p> <pre><code>costs = [ {&quot;part&quot;: 0, &quot;final&quot;: 0}, {&quot;part&quot;: 2, &quot;final&quot;: 3}, {&quot;part&quot;: 4, &quot;final&quot;: 2}, {&quot;part&quot;: 1, &quot;fi...
<python><python-3.x><or-tools>
2024-02-02 10:26:26
3
863
Nguyen Hoang Vu
77,926,226
10,815,899
In AND condition which side evaluate first in python?
<p>I have an AND statement, the right side condition of the statement, can be checked only, if the first one returns true.</p> <pre><code>if foo is not None and foo.passes_the_test(): # do something </code></pre> <p>Does the python skip the right side condition check if the left side returns false, thus preventing th...
<python>
2024-02-02 10:19:22
1
831
Viljami
77,926,208
1,059,549
What's the difference StreamingResponse or EventSourceResponse?
<p>I'm looking to stream back server side events generated by LLM. I noticed that LiteLLM and LangChain use the built in StreamingResponse. I also came across <a href="https://github.com/sysid/sse-starlette" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/sysid/sse-starlette</a> ServerSideEvent</p> <p>Has anyone experimen...
<python><streaming><fastapi><starlette>
2024-02-02 10:16:16
0
10,767
Dory Zidon
77,925,955
10,750,537
Unexpected behavior of numpy invert
<p>I am wondering why the following Python code</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np a = np.array([0], dtype=np.int8) print(np.invert(a)) </code></pre> <p>prints</p> <pre><code>[-1] </code></pre> <p>instead of [0]. According to the <a href="https://numpy.org/devdocs/reference/generated/numpy.invert.html" rel="nofollow nor...
<python><numpy>
2024-02-02 09:35:47
1
381
JtTest
77,925,889
15,227,516
How can I align text by width using python-docx library
<p>I make some report document using <code>python-docx&gt;=1.1.0</code> and I need to align text by width. I don't understand which constant from <code>WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT</code> I should use.</p> <p>I tried to user <code>WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.DISTRIBUTE</code> and all constants with prefix <code>JUSTIFY_</code> , ...
<python>
2024-02-02 09:27:32
0
369
Andrei Gurko
77,925,761
4,742,357
How to make Python Azure Function (v2) Block Requests without functionkey/code
<p>I have created my first Python Azure Function (v2) and detected that the function accepts all requests regardless if they have the &quot;code&quot;(FunctionKey) param used in .Net Azure functions.</p> <p>How can I make the function block all requests that don't have a valid key attached?</p>
<python><azure-functions>
2024-02-02 09:00:20
1
1,207
Nelssen
77,925,755
2,971,409
Jump ahead n random generations on the specific seed
<p>I got this function which returns a set of random choices from a collection where I want the generation to be similar when called close in time (not actual time, just when the input variable time is close to what it was last time). I have the implementation here in Python which works as expected, but Im not so satis...
<python><random>
2024-02-02 08:58:48
0
464
Dwadelfri
77,925,670
5,168,463
Pyspark to_timestamp date format parsing error
<p>In my pyspark dataframe, there is a column <code>CallDate</code> with datatype as <code>string</code> containing the values shown below:</p> <pre><code>2008-04-01T00:00:00 2008-04-01T00:00:00 2008-04-01T00:00:00 2008-04-01T00:00:00 2008-04-01T00:00:00 2008-04-01T00:00:00 </code></pre> <p>I am trying to convert this ...
<python><apache-spark><pyspark><to-timestamp>
2024-02-02 08:43:55
2
515
DumbCoder
77,925,333
5,790,653
my python code show last day of previous month instead of current month
<p>This is my python code:</p> <pre><code>import datetime import jdatetime jcurrent_year = jdatetime.datetime.now().year jcurrent_month = jdatetime.datetime.now().month jcurrent_day = jdatetime.datetime.now().day jnow = jdatetime.datetime.now() jlast_day_of_current_month = jdatetime.date(jnow.year, 1 if jnow.month==12...
<python>
2024-02-02 07:32:18
1
4,175
Saeed
77,925,274
3,727,079
How can I append one text file to another in Python, if there might be overlap between the two?
<p>Say I have two .txt files. The first one is:</p> <pre><code>2024-01-26 09:00:00, Alice, 4, Win 2024-01-27 09:00:00, Bob, 6, Loss 2024-01-28 09:00:00, Charlie, 2, Loss 2024-01-29 09:00:00, Denise, 3, Loss </code></pre> <p>The second one is:</p> <pre><code>2024-01-29 09:00:00, Denise, 3, Loss 2024-01-30 09:00:00, Eve,...
<python><datetime><merge>
2024-02-02 07:20:22
1
399
Allure
77,925,185
19,123,103
ValueError: Expected EmbeddingFunction.__call__ to have the following signature
<p>When I try to pass a Chroma Client to Langchain that uses <code>OpenAIEmbeddings</code>, I get a ValueError:</p> <pre class="lang-none prettyprint-override"><code>ValueError: Expected EmbeddingFunction.__call__ to have the following signature: odict_keys(['self', 'input']), got odict_keys(['self', 'args', 'kwargs'])...
<python><valueerror><langchain><chromadb><openaiembeddings>
2024-02-02 06:59:32
2
25,331
cottontail
77,925,087
9,394,465
combine 2 dataframes with a duplicate common identifier in both
<p>I have two dataframes both having the exact same column names and I am trying to combine them both where both and preferring the second df for conflicting data</p> <p>df1:</p> <pre><code>A,B,C,D 123,xyz,S1,1111 123,xyz,S1,1111 234,mno,S3,2222 999,abc,S9,9999 999,abc,S9,9999 </code></pre> <p>df2:</p> <pre><code>A,B,C...
<python><pandas>
2024-02-02 06:36:48
2
513
SpaceyBot
77,925,004
1,176,504
SMS not sending even if the phone number is verified - 400 Error Code
<p>I signed up with Twilio Yesterday for educational purposes and just trying to send myself a SMS. But it keep giving me 400 - Bad Request Error.</p> <p>I am from a high-risk country but Twilio has automatically updated my Geo Permissions. I am using Python and there is no errors in my code.</p> <p>Python Error:</p> <...
<python><twilio><http-status-code-400>
2024-02-02 06:17:17
0
1,627
guitarlass
77,924,487
1,982,032
How can simpify and clear the expression to get the cell value?
<p>My target dataframe is something as below:</p> <pre><code>df SimFinId Currency Fiscal Year ... Net Extraordinary Gains (Losses) Net Income Net Income (Common) Ticker Report Date ... A 2018-10...
<python><pandas><dataframe>
2024-02-02 03:14:36
2
355
showkey
77,924,456
584,239
using python pycups cups how to set margin for custom page size
<p>Below is script using pycups I am able to print with custom page size but I need to set the margin also how do it do that.</p> <pre><code>import cups def print_to_printer(printer_name, file_path, custom_width=720, custom_length=432): conn = cups.Connection() # Get the printer information printer_info =...
<python><python-3.x><cups>
2024-02-02 03:02:37
2
9,691
kumar
77,924,248
1,396,516
How to write to a BigQuery table using ApacheBeam ran locally without running the Google Cloud CLI executable?
<p>I can use the external Python engine to read data from a BigQuery table, but I cannot authenticate when I use Apache Beam + Python run locally.</p> <p><a href="https://cloud.google.com/dataflow/docs/concepts/security-and-permissions" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Documentation</a> only gives the CLI option &quot;When yo...
<python><authentication><google-bigquery><apache-beam>
2024-02-02 01:33:38
1
3,567
Yulia V
77,924,142
7,662,164
JAX `vjp` does not recognize cotangent argument with `custom_vjp`
<p>I have a JAX function <code>cart_deriv()</code> which takes another function <code>f</code> and returns the Cartesian derivative of <code>f</code>, implemented as follows:</p> <pre><code>@partial(custom_vjp, nondiff_argnums=0) def cart_deriv(f: Callable[..., float], l: int, R: Array ...
<python><function><jax><automatic-differentiation>
2024-02-02 00:51:44
1
335
Jingyang Wang
77,924,082
1,429,402
Apply the Savitzky-Golay filter with locked endpoints
<p>I have a stream of values I would like to smooth with <code>locked end-points</code>, meaning that the first and last data elements of the array are taken into account in the filtering algorithm but remain untouched.</p> <p>For the smoothing algorithm I chose <code>scipy.signal.savgol_filter</code>, which gives me g...
<python><numpy><scipy>
2024-02-02 00:29:56
1
5,983
Fnord
77,923,904
10,705,248
How to run multiple python based slurm jobs together in HPC
<p>I need to submit 100 slurm jobs they all perform the same computing but with a slight change (the only difference is the year; all files have different years). Is there a way to submit them together without writing slurm file and running separately?</p> <p>For example, I have 100 python files with the name: <code>pr...
<python><parallel-processing><slurm><hpc><multiple-processes>
2024-02-01 23:19:36
1
854
lsr729
77,923,835
7,106,508
How to save a stream object in Azure text to speech without speaking the text using Python
<p>I want to convert a book to audio, and save the file, so naturally I don't want my computer to be speaking the book out loud while the conversion happens, but looking at the Azure documentation, I frankly don't see a way to get a stream object without speaking the text first. I've already got the code set up so tha...
<python><azure-cognitive-services>
2024-02-01 22:58:14
1
304
bobsmith76
77,923,733
1,375,292
Recursive version of python unittest assertDictContainsSubset
<p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20050913/python-unittests-assertdictcontainssubset-recommended-alternative">Python unittest&#39;s assertDictContainsSubset recommended alternative</a> discusses how to check if a <code>dict</code> contains another <code>dict</code> using <code>d1 | d2</code>. However, th...
<python><unit-testing>
2024-02-01 22:30:00
1
3,658
Troy Daniels
77,923,632
127,251
How do I set the focus on entering an axes in matplotlib?
<p>I bind key_press events in Matplotlib. They are not triggered unless I click on the figure first. I want to force the keyboard focus to be on the axes when the mouse enters it.</p> <p>I attempted to follow the guidance in this answer:</p> <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31656345/matplotlib-key-press-...
<python><matplotlib><setfocus>
2024-02-01 22:02:44
1
5,593
Paul Chernoch
77,923,604
920,599
How to examine and invoke the functions in Python's __main__ module from a different module
<p>In Python, is it possible for a function in a module to examine the list of functions in <code>__main__</code> then execute functions that match a pattern?</p> <p>For example, can I write a module that contains the function <code>run_all_auto</code> that will examine the list of functions in <code>__main__</code> th...
<python><reflection>
2024-02-01 21:55:14
1
6,694
Zack
77,923,461
263,061
How to type __eq__ in generic Python class?
<p>When I define a type with generic type parameters (e.g. <code>K</code>/<code>V</code> for key and value of a mapping), I seemingly cannot write a suitable <code>isinstance</code> check for implementing <code>__eq__</code>:</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>from collections import OrderedDict from c...
<python><python-typing><pyright>
2024-02-01 21:24:11
2
25,947
nh2
77,923,449
438,223
Generating non-zero mean AR(2) samples in python
<p>I am trying to generate non-zero mean AR(2) samples using statsmodels package. But it seems , by default we can't generate non-zero mean samples.</p> <p>Is there any workaround, in python. I want to generate only positive samples.</p> <p>My current code is</p> <pre><code>import numpy as np from statsmodels.tsa.arim...
<python><statsmodels><autoregressive-models>
2024-02-01 21:21:46
1
1,596
Shew
77,923,380
2,205,799
python input() not printing to screen when piping to another command
<p>I have a simple python program that is using input to get a username and password, ie:</p> <pre><code> from getpass import getpass username = input(&quot;Username: &quot;) password = getpass() </code></pre> <p>When i run the program and pipe to wc, the username prompt does not print. It takes input, and then the ge...
<python><shell><io-redirection><getpass>
2024-02-01 21:07:37
0
309
feeble
77,923,330
437,260
Google Colab 'Credentials' object has no attribute 'universe_domain'
<p>When trying to use google colab with google speech to text (from google sample notebook :</p> <p>I get :</p> <pre><code>if credentials: --&gt; 505 credentials_universe = credentials.universe_domain 506 if client_universe != credentials_universe: 507 default_universe = ...
<python><google-cloud-platform><google-colaboratory>
2024-02-01 20:57:16
1
950
Antonin
77,923,160
2,011,779
SwaggerHub introducing duplicate keys by lower casing when downloading SDK
<p>I'm trying to use the BinanceSpotAPI on <a href="https://app.swaggerhub.com/apis/binance_api/BinanceSpotAPI/1.0" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://app.swaggerhub.com/apis/binance_api/BinanceSpotAPI/1.0</a> When I look at the raw code that is there, the /api/v3/aggTrades has a bunch of parameters, one of which is</p>...
<python><swagger><swagger-codegen>
2024-02-01 20:26:05
0
2,384
hedgedandlevered
77,922,861
1,142,970
Why does sympy.solve produce empty array for certain inequalities
<p>sympy's solve seems to generally work for inequalities. For example:</p> <pre><code>from sympy import symbols, solve; x = symbols('x'); print(solve('x^2 &gt; 4', x)); # ((-oo &lt; x) &amp; (x &lt; -2)) | ((2 &lt; x) &amp; (x &lt; oo)) </code></pre> <p>In some cases where all values of x or no values of x are valid...
<python><python-3.x><sympy><inequality>
2024-02-01 19:25:46
1
21,993
ChaseMedallion
77,922,825
4,030,166
How to mock argparse with pytest in bigger Python cli application
<p>I'm working on the following application: <a href="https://github.com/TobiWo/eth-duties" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/TobiWo/eth-duties</a></p> <p>I didn't include unit-tests from the beginning which is bad, I know but I wanted to concentrate on the functionality. Anyway, I want to add unit-tests now...
<python><pytest><argparse><python-poetry>
2024-02-01 19:19:54
0
574
Tobias
77,922,823
2,375,040
GDExtension cannot find a tool chain to build for the web, in spite of compatibility
<p>To clarify my title, &quot;web&quot; is an available export platform for GDExtension as of Godot 4.2, which, while no doubt limited, is great news for those of us building web applications. This is mentioned <a href="https://godotengine.org/article/dev-snapshot-godot-4-2-dev-6/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">here</a>. W...
<python><c++><build><webassembly><godot>
2024-02-01 19:19:17
1
1,801
Michael Macha
77,922,817
13,086,128
ImportError: cannot import name 'Iterator' from 'typing_extensions'
<p>When I try to install <code>openai</code> on my Google Colab, I get this error:</p> <pre><code>from openai import OpenAI --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ImportError Traceback (most recent call last) &lt;ipython-input-6-5ee9a4e68b89&gt; in &l...
<python><python-3.x><pip><openai-api>
2024-02-01 19:18:15
1
30,560
Talha Tayyab
77,922,776
5,327,068
How do I mock a function called by an instance of a class
<p>I am writing a unit test, and in my <code>test_model.py</code> file, I have a class <code>TestPlayerAnomalyDetectionModel</code> that creates an instance of <code>PlayerAnomalyDetectionModel</code>, and then calls the <code>.fit</code> method using a fixture that returns sample data. The <code>.fit</code> method cal...
<python><unit-testing><mocking><pytest><decorator>
2024-02-01 19:10:31
1
20,200
Derek O
77,922,733
2,575,970
Bearer token expires after 3599, refresh data steps
<p>The bearer token expires after 3599. I still need to refresh it and keep using it. How is that possible? I am looking for a simple code example to do that. I am using Python</p> <pre><code> # Create an MSAL instance providing the client_id, authority and client_credential parameters client = msal.ConfidentialClien...
<python><azure-active-directory><bearer-token>
2024-02-01 19:00:02
1
416
WhoamI
77,922,683
7,844,237
python resample incorrectly
<p>I have a <code>pandas</code> dataframe like this:</p> <pre><code> ticker_name price timestamp_column 2024-02-01 18:34:58 NIFTY_08-FEB-2024_CE_21000 85.0 2024-02-01 18:34:55 NIFTY_08-FEB-2024_CE_21000 84.0 2024-02-01 18:34:52 NIFTY_08-FEB-2024_CE_21000 83.0 2024-02-01 18:3...
<python><pandas><ohlc><resample>
2024-02-01 18:51:49
2
393
keerthan kumar
77,922,478
11,092,636
sets are unordered but python seems to "set a seed"
<p>I know that Python sets are unordered. For example, executing this code 10 times will yield around 5 times [DR1, DR12] and five times [DR12, DR1].</p> <pre><code>list_of_list = [[] for _ in range(3)] list_of_list[0].append(&quot;DR1&quot;) list_of_list[0].append(&quot;DR1&quot;) list_of_list[0].append(&quot;DR1&quot...
<python>
2024-02-01 18:14:33
0
720
FluidMechanics Potential Flows
77,922,451
11,770,390
How to ensure python is installed for C++ code generation with cmake & conan
<p>I have a library that uses a python code generator to read in some yaml files and spit out a *.hpp file. Now I want to ship it on conancenter and have it build effortlessly on the consumer machines.</p> <p>There's one problem though: I use the pyyaml package for the code generator to read the yaml file, which is not...
<python><cmake><code-generation><conan>
2024-02-01 18:09:11
1
5,344
glades
77,922,414
8,874,388
Python Lists: Why is the Pythonic list comprehension 8-20% slower?
<p><strong>(Update: The issue has been found. <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/77922551/8874388">See my answer</a>. This turned out to be a performance issue in Python 3.11, and only affects small lists. For Python 3.9, 3.10 and 3.12, list comprehension is ALWAYS faster, regardless of list size.)</strong></p> <p>I'...
<python><python-3.x><list><optimization>
2024-02-01 17:59:36
1
4,749
Mitch McMabers
77,922,373
11,515,528
Convert column of dates to count of days from start day
<p>Simple question but I am struggling to find the answer. I am after a simple count of days from the start date. Thanks in advance.</p> <pre><code>df = pd.DataFrame({'year': [2015, 2015, 2015], 'month': [2, 2, 2], 'day': [4, 5, 10]}) pd.to_datetime(df) output 0 2015-02-04 1 ...
<python><pandas>
2024-02-01 17:53:13
3
1,865
Cam
77,922,238
5,728,714
Errors "overflow encountered in matmul" and "Optimization failed to converge" while trying to use statsmodels' Exponential smoothing
<p>I have the following series:</p> <pre><code>month,demand 2022-02-01,6059 2022-03-01,11990 2022-04-01,6586 2022-05-01,7363 2022-06-01,10837 2022-07-01,2268 2022-08-01,2615 2022-09-01,1590 2022-10-01,3797 2022-11-01,2195 2022-12-01,4480 2023-01-01,4030 2023-02-01,3242 2023-03-01,3111 2023-04-01,6724 2023-05-01,8781 20...
<python><statsmodels>
2024-02-01 17:30:00
0
1,877
Mathias Hillmann
77,922,041
1,506,763
Performance of numpy sum and bottleneck nansum
<p>I've got a piece of code that is quiet heavily dependent on the use of <code>numpy</code> <code>sum</code>, about 60% of my time is spent on the calculation of just a few results and an replication of the offending code is shown below. This section of code (not including the array generation as this is passed in fro...
<python><arrays><numpy><performance><bottleneck-package>
2024-02-01 16:59:50
1
676
jpmorr
77,922,007
275,088
Is creating a constant dictionary inside a function efficient in Python?
<p>Say, I have a function that creates a dictionary just to look up a value, e.g.:</p> <pre><code>def check_map(val): value_map = {&quot;val1&quot;: &quot;newval1&quot;, &quot;val2&quot;: &quot;newval2&quot;, &quot;val3&quot;: &quot;newval3&quot;} val = value_map.get(val, val) # other stuff return val </cod...
<python><dictionary>
2024-02-01 16:55:40
1
16,548
planetp
77,921,942
7,844,237
sma calcualted in talib in reverse order
<p>i have a panda</p> <pre><code>timestamp_column 2024-01-31 14:23:10 794.65 2024-01-31 14:23:00 794.65 2024-01-31 14:22:50 794.65 2024-01-31 14:22:40 794.65 2024-01-31 14:22:30 794.65 2024-01-31 14:22:20 794.65 Freq: -10S, Name: close, dtype: float64 </code></pre> <p>im using the below code -</p> <pr...
<python><pandas><ta-lib>
2024-02-01 16:42:52
0
393
keerthan kumar
77,921,898
1,478,905
Not getting source documents from chain in langchain and openAI embeddings
<p>I'm loading pdfs using langchain.document_loaders:</p> <p><code>loader = DirectoryLoader( './files/', glob='*.pdf', loader_cls=PyPDFLoader)</code></p> <p>then splitted the docs, created the embeddings, stored and loaded them :</p> <pre><code>docsearch = Chroma.from_documents(texts, embeddings, persist_directory=pers...
<python><openai-api><langchain><openaiembeddings>
2024-02-01 16:35:23
3
997
Diego Quirós
77,921,888
2,675,981
Allow python script to be executed by Apache, but not read in a browser
<p>I have a website that uses a python script to get information from a separate entity. The python script is required due to the libraries in use and the structure of the other entity. The retrieved information will be used in various ways on the site.</p> <p>The website itself is PHP running on Apache and there is a ...
<python><php><apache>
2024-02-01 16:34:40
1
885
Apolymoxic
77,921,360
151,939
How to specific augmentation data types in mediapipe_model_maker?
<p>I'm trying to use the image_classifier from mediapipe_model_maker to train a custom tflite image classification model. All I see for data augmentation is a boolean that can be passed in the options called &quot;do_data_augmentation&quot; that does random augmentation (cropping, flipping, etc.).</p> <pre><code>spec =...
<python><tensorflow><machine-learning><mediapipe><image-classification>
2024-02-01 15:20:08
1
8,618
Michael Eilers Smith
77,921,326
2,575,970
Azure bearer token lifetime
<p>I have a python code to call a graph API and browse directory on sharepoint. The directory has 120GB of files and needs hours to scan. However, what I have observed is the script just shows as running on Visual Studio code and no further execution happens. I am printing the files names in the loop and it stops to pu...
<python><azure><microsoft-graph-api><onedrive><bearer-token>
2024-02-01 15:14:52
2
416
WhoamI
77,921,195
10,054,520
Running Python on Windows, how can I run multiple scripts that write to the same file?
<p>I'm running one instance of a Python 3.10 script on Windows 10. I would like to run another instance of the same script; however, at the end of the script it will write to a txt file so I don't want the scripts competing/overwriting what the other has done.</p> <p>The flow goes like this</p> <pre><code>for i in new...
<python>
2024-02-01 14:58:23
2
337
MyNameHere
77,920,996
1,929,820
Remove all jobs from plone.app.async queue
<p>I have a lot of jobs in the queue and I just want to empty it, instead of waiting for them. So I managed to access pdb and this is what I tried:</p> <pre><code>from zope.component import queryUtility from plone.app.async.interfaces import IAsyncService service = queryUtility(IAsyncService) (Pdb) service &lt;plone.a...
<python><queue><plone>
2024-02-01 14:29:45
1
3,437
GhitaB
77,920,917
1,987,599
Unable to validate XML with schema but works by reading the written file from it
<p>I am currently using <code>lxml</code> and want to validate a XML content.</p> <p>I wrote it completely in Python from <code>tei = etree.Element(&quot;TEI&quot;, nsmap={None: 'http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0'}</code> with many subelements.</p> <p>At a moment, I want to check if the structure is ok using a specific <code...
<python><xml><xsd><lxml>
2024-02-01 14:19:37
1
609
Guuk
77,920,700
13,518,907
Langserve Streaming with Llamacpp
<p>I have built a RAG app with Llamacpp and Langserve and it generally works. However I can't find a way to stream my responses, which would be very important for the application. Here is my code:</p> <pre><code>from langchain_community.vectorstores.pgvector import PGVector from langchain_core.prompts import ChatPrompt...
<python><langchain><large-language-model><llama-cpp-python>
2024-02-01 13:49:59
0
565
Maxl Gemeinderat
77,920,479
1,467,533
How to specify bounds and variable length in python union types?
<p>I have a type that has subclasses. E.g., <code>Event</code>, with classes <code>Event1(Event)</code>, <code>Event2(Event)</code>, etc. I want to specify a type annotation for the argument to a function that accepts any union of subclasses of <code>Event</code>. Concretely, I want all of the following to type chec...
<python><python-typing>
2024-02-01 13:15:05
1
1,855
mattg
77,920,475
2,410,605
selenium python how do i convert a string into time.strftime() date?
<p>I'm reading a string from an html table that represents a date: Feb 1, 2024 87:05:23 AM. How do I convert this to a true date variable so that I can compare it to the current time? Below is the code I'm using, it doesn't produce any errors but also is not working because when it gets to the compare it doesn't fall ...
<python><selenium-webdriver>
2024-02-01 13:14:46
1
657
JimmyG
77,920,297
19,838,445
How to properly annotate pydantic fields if it's another class
<p>I have a model with the fields which are other Pydantic models (but not instances of them), so I'm able to use it later as a builder.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code>class ItemModel(BaseModel): id: int class UserModel(BaseModel): name: str class MatchModels(BaseModel): name: str ...
<python><python-3.x><pydantic><pydantic-v2>
2024-02-01 12:45:26
1
720
GopherM
77,920,228
6,042,172
jupyter notebook export with embedded CSV files
<p>I need to share a jupyter notebook, a really simple interactive app using pandas, plotly and dash with some colleagues who have not installed Python.</p> <p>If my notebook uses no csv files, it seems to work well.</p> <p>But, is there any way to export in html format with somewhat embedded data in csv files?</p> <p>...
<python><csv><jupyter-notebook>
2024-02-01 12:34:11
0
908
glezo
77,920,171
1,473,517
How can I return the subarrays in my max k-subarray sum code?
<p>Consider an array A of integers of length n. The k-max subarray sum asks us to find up to k (contiguous) non overlapping subarrays of A with maximum sum. If A is all negative then this sum will be 0. If A = [-1, 2, -1, 2, -1, 2, 2] for example, then the two subarrays could be [2, -1, 2] and [2, 2] with total sum 7...
<python><algorithm>
2024-02-01 12:26:26
1
21,513
Simd
77,920,123
13,000,695
Using starlette TestClient causes an AttributeError : '_UnixSelectorEventLoop' object has no attribute '_compute_internal_coro'
<p>Using FastAPI : <code>0.101.1</code></p> <p>I run this <code>test_read_aynsc</code> and it pass.</p> <pre class="lang-py prettyprint-override"><code># app.py from fastapi import FastAPI app = FastAPI() app.get(&quot;/&quot;) def read_root(): return {&quot;Hello&quot;: &quot;World&quot;} # conftest.py import...
<python><pycharm><python-asyncio><fastapi><starlette>
2024-02-01 12:18:03
1
4,032
jossefaz
77,920,104
1,473,517
How to speed up the code for k-max subarray sum
<p>Consider an array A of integers of length n. The k-max subarray sum asks us to find up to k (contiguous) non-overlapping subarrays of A with maximum sum. If A is all negative then this sum will be 0. If A = [-1, 2, -1, 2, -1, 2, 2] for example, then the two subarrays could be [2, -1, 2] and [2, 2] with total sum 7...
<python><algorithm><performance><optimization>
2024-02-01 12:15:08
0
21,513
Simd