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// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_image_requirements_info.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2025-01-06
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Interactions and External Dependencies*::
- This ex... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_image_requirements_info.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.561 | false | false | 5,691 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_gl_msaa_sharing.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_gl_msaa_sharing_EXT} extends the {cl... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_gl_msaa_sharing.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.333 | false | false | 1,004 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
//@ TODO This should probably be in an appendix? It is a "platform
//@ TODO extension" but so are others
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_icd.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2025-12-15
*IP St... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_icd.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.249 | false | false | 11,555 | -1 |
* {CL_INVALID_GL_SHAREGROUP_REFERENCE_KHR}
** if a context was specified for an OpenGL or OpenGL ES implementation
using the EGL, GLX, or WGL binding APIs, as <<specifying-gl-context,
described above>>; and any of the following conditions hold:
*** The specified display and context properties do not i... | opencl-spec/api/opencl_platform_layer.asciidoc#p1 | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.306 | false | false | 24,630 | -1 |
// Copyright 2025-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_spirv_queries.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2025-06-04
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_spirv_queries_EXT} adds queries to det... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_spirv_queries.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.5 | false | false | 696 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_3d_image_writes.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_3d_image_writes_EXT} adds built-in O... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_3d_image_writes.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.375 | false | false | 633 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_pci_bus_info.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2021-04-19
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The {cl_khr_pci_bus_info_EXT} extension adds a ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_pci_bus_info.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.321 | false | false | 1,158 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_dx9_media_sharing.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_dx9_media_sharing_EXT} allows appl... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_dx9_media_sharing.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.655 | false | false | 2,091 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics_... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.333 | false | false | 819 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_gl_sharing.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The {cl_khr_gl_sharing_EXT} extension allows use ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_gl_sharing.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.338 | false | false | 8,896 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_srgb_image_writes.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_srgb_image_writes_EXT} enables Ope... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_srgb_image_writes.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.273 | false | false | 940 | -1 |
// Copyright 2021-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_external_memory_dma_buf.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-03-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Ajit Hakke-Patil, NVIDIA
- Amit... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_external_memory_dma_buf.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.347 | false | false | 1,686 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_suggested_local_work_size.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2021-04-22
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_suggested_local_work_size_... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_suggested_local_work_size.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.28 | false | false | 1,120 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_mipmap_image.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The {cl_khr_mipmap_image_EXT} extension adds th... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_mipmap_image.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.393 | false | false | 1,271 | -1 |
An event object can be used to track the execution status of a command.
The API calls that enqueue commands to a command-queue create a new event
object that is returned in the _event_ argument.
In case of an error enqueuing the command in the command-queue the event
argument does not return an event object.
The execu... | opencl-spec/api/opencl_runtime_layer.asciidoc#p4 | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.185 | false | false | 149,649 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_initialize_memory.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_initialize_memory_EXT} adds OpenCL... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_initialize_memory.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.333 | false | false | 1,482 | -1 |
// Copyright 2021-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_external_semaphore_opaque_fd.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-03-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Ajit Hakke-Patil, NVIDIA
-... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_external_semaphore_opaque_fd.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.289 | false | false | 1,228 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle_relative.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-12-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle_relative_... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_shuffle_relative.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.4 | false | false | 987 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_d3d11_sharing.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_d3d11_sharing_EXT} provides interopera... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_d3d11_sharing.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.783 | false | false | 1,551 | -1 |
// Copyright 2024-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_migrate_memobject.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-07-17
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
Precursor to {clEnqueueMigrateMemObjects}.... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_migrate_memobject.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.462 | false | false | 396 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
// Please keep footnotes in alphabetical order!
// Note: Follows the suggested syntax from:
// https://github.com/asciidoctor/asciidoctor-pdf/issues/1397
:fn-atomic-scope-work-item: pass:n[ \
Note that this flag does not provide mean... | opencl-spec/api/footnotes.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.039 | false | false | 8,605 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_egl_event.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_egl_event_EXT} allows creating OpenCL even... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_egl_event.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.404 | false | false | 1,911 | -1 |
// Copyright 2021-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_external_memory_opaque_fd.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-03-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Ajit Hakke-Patil, NVIDIA
- Am... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_external_memory_opaque_fd.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.347 | false | false | 1,707 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_device_enqueue_local_arg_types.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_device_enqueue_local_... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_device_enqueue_local_arg_types.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.316 | false | false | 829 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
// [glossary] // MK:Don't enable [glossary] - prevents chapter numbering.
= Glossary
Application ::
The combination of the program running on the host and OpenCL devices.
Acquire semantics ::
One of the memory order semantics... | opencl-spec/api/glossary.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.045 | false | false | 36,647 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_local_int32_extended_at... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.3 | false | false | 839 | -1 |
// Copyright 2016-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[appendix]
[[data-types]]
= Application Data Types
This section documents the provided host application types and constant
definitions.
The documented material describes the commonly defined data structures,
types and constant values ... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_c.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.09 | false | false | 15,518 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_expect_assume.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2021-11-10
*Interactions and External Dependencies*::
The initial version of this extension extends the OpenC... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_expect_assume.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.411 | false | false | 2,384 | -1 |
// Copyright 2023-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[NOTE]
====
This is an experimental OpenCL extension specification. It is being made
publicly available as an experimental extension to enable review and
feedback from the community. While it is an experimental extension features
may b... | opencl-spec/api/experimental_notice.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.2 | false | false | 481 | -1 |
// Copyright 2021-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_external_semaphore.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-09-03
*Interactions and External Dependencies*::
* This extension requires OpenCL 1.2.
* The {cl_kh... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_external_semaphore.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.424 | false | false | 11,107 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_egl_image.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_egl_image_EXT} provides a mechanism to cre... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_egl_image.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.326 | false | false | 3,717 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_spirv_linkonce_odr.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The {cl_khr_spirv_linkonce_odr_EXT} exten... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_spirv_linkonce_odr.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.353 | false | false | 630 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_command_buffer.txt[]
// *Extension and Version Dependencies*::
// This extension requires OpenCL 1.2 or later.
// Buffering of SVM commands requires OpenCL 2.0 or later.
=== Other E... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_command_buffer.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.276 | false | false | 18,723 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_float_atomics.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-08-12
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The latest published specification for this ex... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_float_atomics.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.429 | false | false | 516 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_byte_addressable_store.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*Interactions and External Dependencies*::
- Promoted to OpenCL 1.1 core
*IP Status*::
... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_byte_addressable_store.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.318 | false | false | 954 | -1 |
// Copyright 2019-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_extended_versioning.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-02-12
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Kévin Petit, Arm Ltd.
- Ben Ashbaug... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_extended_versioning.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.385 | false | false | 5,325 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform_arithmetic.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-12-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_non_uniform_arithmetic.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.179 | false | false | 2,946 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_image_unsigned_10x6_12x4_14x2.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2025-03-31
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Kévin Petit, Arm Ltd.
=== ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_image_unsigned_10x6_12x4_14x2.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.588 | false | false | 1,144 | -1 |
// Copyright 2025-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_unified_svm.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2025-08-30
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Brice Videau, Argonne National Laboratory
-... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_unified_svm.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.738 | false | false | 3,639 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_extended_async_copies.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2021-11-10
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_extended_async_copies_EXT} aug... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_extended_async_copies.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.455 | false | false | 897 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_image_unorm_int_2_101010.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-05-10
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Kévin Petit, Arm Ltd.
=== Descr... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_image_unorm_int_2_101010.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.391 | false | false | 835 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_select_fprounding_mode.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_select_fprounding_mode_EXT} a... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_select_fprounding_mode.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.3 | false | false | 770 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[appendix]
[[changes_to_opencl]]
= Changes to OpenCL
Changes to the OpenCL API and OpenCL C specifications between successive
versions are summarized below.
// (Jon) Are these section and table numbers for the current spec, in which
... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_e.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.617 | false | false | 42,996 | -1 |
* Each memory object must be released only once. Releasing a memory object
multiple times without acquiring it results in implementation-defined
behavior.
* The release must be performed on a command-queue associated with a device
that was one of the devices specified via {CL_MEM_DEVICE_HANDLE_LIST_KHR... | opencl-spec/api/opencl_runtime_layer.asciidoc#p2 | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.224 | false | false | 149,682 | -1 |
[[compatibile-image-channel-orders-table]]
.Compatible Image Channel Orders
[width="100%",cols="<50%,<50%",options="header"]
|====
| Image Channel Order in _image_format_:
| Image Channel Order associated with `mem_object`:
| {CL_sBGRA}
| {CL_BGRA}
| {CL_BGRA}
| {CL_sBGRA}
| {CL_sRGBA}
| {CL_RGBA}
| {CL_RGBA}
... | opencl-spec/api/opencl_runtime_layer.asciidoc#p1 | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.236 | false | false | 149,756 | -1 |
ifdef::cl_khr_spir[]
If the {cl_khr_spir_EXT} extension is supported, {clCreateProgramWithBinary}
can be used to load a SPIR binary.
Once a program object has been created from a SPIR binary, {clBuildProgram}
can be called to build a program executable or {clCompileProgram} can be
called to compile the SPIR binary.
end... | opencl-spec/api/opencl_runtime_layer.asciidoc#p3 | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.214 | false | false | 149,857 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_clustered_reduce.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-12-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_subgroup_clustered_reduce_... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_clustered_reduce.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.303 | false | false | 1,589 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_spir.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_spir_EXT} adds the ability to create an OpenCL ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_spir.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.385 | false | false | 1,010 | -1 |
// Copyright 2022-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_rotate.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2022-04-22
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Kévin Petit, Arm Ltd.
- Ben Ashbaugh, I... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_rotate.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.292 | false | false | 870 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
= The OpenCL Architecture
*OpenCL* is an open industry standard for programming a heterogeneous
collection of CPUs, GPUs and other discrete computing devices organized into
a single platform.
It is more than a language.
OpenCL is a fr... | opencl-spec/api/opencl_architecture.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.104 | false | false | 117,383 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_extended_types.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-12-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_subgroup_extended_types_EXT}... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_extended_types.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.333 | false | false | 1,409 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_ballot.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-12-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_subgroup_ballot_EXT} adds built-in O... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_ballot.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.27 | false | false | 1,455 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_d3d10_sharing.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_d3d10_sharing_EXT} provides interopera... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_d3d10_sharing.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.51 | false | false | 3,933 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_image_raw10_raw12.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2023-05-03
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The latest published specification for thi... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_image_raw10_raw12.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.4 | false | false | 593 | -1 |
// Copyright 2021-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_semaphore.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-03-15
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Ajit Hakke-Patil, NVIDIA
- Amit Rao, NVIDIA
... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_semaphore.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.548 | false | false | 9,098 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
= Introduction
Modern processor architectures have embraced parallelism as an important
pathway to increased performance.
Facing technical challenges with higher clock speeds in a fixed power
envelope, Central Processing Units (CPUs) ... | opencl-spec/api/introduction.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.077 | false | false | 9,568 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_gl_depth_images.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_gl_depth_images_EXT} extends OpenCL ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_gl_depth_images.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.455 | false | false | 794 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_priority_hints.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The {cl_khr_priority_hints_EXT} extension add... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_priority_hints.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.419 | false | false | 1,202 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[[opencl-embedded-profile]]
= OpenCL Embedded Profile
The OpenCL specification describes the feature requirements for desktop
platforms.
This section describes the OpenCL embedded profile, which defines
a subset of the OpenCL specific... | opencl-spec/api/embedded_profile.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.085 | false | false | 13,642 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_depth_images.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_depth_images_EXT} adds OpenCL C support... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_depth_images.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.4 | false | false | 546 | -1 |
// Copyright 2019-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[appendix]
[[error_other_misc_enums]]
= Other Miscellaneous Enums
This section lists other miscellaneous OpenCL enumerants and their meanings.
[cols="2,3",options="header",]
|====
| *Enumerant*
| *Brief Description*
| {CL_TRUE_ancho... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_g.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.071 | false | false | 1,104 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_global_int32_extended_... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.3 | false | false | 844 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_gl_event.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_gl_event_EXT} allows creating OpenCL event ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_gl_event.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.314 | false | false | 3,407 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_cxx_for_opencl.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-08-25
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Kevin Petit, Arm Ltd. +
- Sven Van Haast... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_cxx_for_opencl.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.171 | false | false | 1,847 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[appendix]
[[check-copy-overlap]]
= Checking for Memory Copy Overlap
The following code describes how to determine if there is overlap between
the source and destination rectangles specified to {clEnqueueCopyBufferRect}
provided the s... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_d.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.212 | false | false | 2,411 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_create_command_queue.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_create_command_queue_EXT} allow... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_create_command_queue.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.258 | false | false | 1,453 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics_EXT} a... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.353 | false | false | 699 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[appendix]
[[error_codes]]
= Error Codes
This section lists OpenCL error codes and their meanings.
// Editors note: Other than CL_SUCCESS, please keep this table in alphabetical order!
[cols="2,3",options="header",]
|====
| *Error C... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_f.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.034 | false | false | 19,204 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_spirv_extended_debug_info.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
`cl_khr_spirv_extended_debug_info`... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_spirv_extended_debug_info.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.353 | false | false | 655 | -1 |
// Copyright 2018-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_device_fission.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-07-17
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
Precursor to the functionality described in <... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_device_fission.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.462 | false | false | 426 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_mipmap_image_writes.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
The {cl_khr_mipmap_image_writes_EXT} ext... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_mipmap_image_writes.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.333 | false | false | 751 | -1 |
// Copyright 2020-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
[appendix]
[[opencl-3.0-backwards-compatibility]]
= OpenCL 3.0 Backwards Compatibility
OpenCL 3.0 breaks backwards compatibility with earlier versions of OpenCL by making some features that were previously required for FULL_PROFILE or EMBEDDED_PROFILE devices optional.
Th... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_h.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.146 | false | false | 21,077 | -1 |
// Copyright 2023-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
[appendix]
[[extensions]]
= OpenCL Extensions (Informative)
Extensions to the OpenCL API can be defined by authors, groups of authors,
and the Khronos OpenCL Working Group.
The online Registry of extensions is available at URL
https... | opencl-spec/api/appendix_extensions.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.261 | false | false | 6,617 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_subgroup_named_barrier.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2020-04-21
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
=== Description
{cl_khr_subgroup_named_barrier_EXT} a... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_subgroup_named_barrier.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.364 | false | false | 894 | -1 |
// Copyright 2017-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
//@ TODO There are API elements (defines) to this, as well as OpenCL C
//@ TODO Why does this even exist? All API elements appear to be in OpenCL 1.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_fp16.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_fp16.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.476 | false | false | 862 | -1 |
// Copyright 2024-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_ext_immutable_memory_objects.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2024-11-06
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Kevin Petit, Arm Ltd.
- Ahmed ... | opencl-spec/api/cl_ext_immutable_memory_objects.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.367 | false | false | 1,142 | -1 |
// Copyright 2025-2026 The Khronos Group Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
include::{generated}/meta/{refprefix}cl_khr_external_memory_android_hardware_buffer.txt[]
=== Other Extension Metadata
*Last Modified Date*::
2025-05-02
*IP Status*::
No known IP claims.
*Contributors*::
- Joshua Kelly, QUAL... | opencl-spec/api/cl_khr_external_memory_android_hardware_buffer.asciidoc | books | opencl-spec | opencl-spec | CC-BY-4.0 | CC-BY-4.0 | 0027b7f1a5e97b1bf5256888757479e012a5cb59 | doc | false | 0.196 | false | false | 4,388 | -1 |
bits -- written as -> hexadecimal
bits -- manipulated with -> bitwise operations
bitwise operations -- relates to -> left shift
bitwise operations -- relates to -> right shift
bitwise operations -- relates to -> and
bitwise operations -- relates to -> or
bitwise operations -- relates to -> xor
bitwise operations -- rel... | sdxpy/_extras/concepts/binary.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy/_extras/concepts | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0 | true | false | 672 | -1 |
---
title: "A Template Expander"
---
<section class="slide" markdown="1">
## The Problem
- Most pages on a site share some content
- Many pages want to be customized based on data
- So many sites use a templating system
- Turn data and HTML page with embedded directives into final page
</section>
<se... | sdxpy/template/slides.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.182 | true | false | 4,759 | -1 |
terminal application -- uses -> headless screen
buffer -- stores -> text
cursor -- position in -> buffer
cursor -- displayed in -> window
text -- displayed in -> window
headless screen -- replaces -> curses screen
action objects -- saved as -> history
terminal application -- constructs -> {action objects, buffer, curso... | sdxpy/_extras/concepts/undo.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy/_extras/concepts | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0 | true | false | 331 | -1 |
## Solutions
### Arrays
The array exercise asks you to extend the interpreter with fixed-size
one-dimensional lists. We add three new operations to the lookup table:
`array` creates a Python list filled with `None` values, `aget` reads an
element by index, and `aset` writes an element by index. Each operation
evalu... | sdxpy/solutions/interp/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy/solutions/interp | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.082 | true | false | 4,958 | -1 |
# Software Design by Example
<p class="subtitle">A tool-based introduction with Python</p>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<img src="@/_static/sdxpy-cover.png" class="img-90" alt="book cover">
</div>
<div class="col-8" markdown="1">
The best way to learn design in any field is to study examples,
and t... | sdxpy/README.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.042 | true | false | 14,831 | -1 |
---
title: "A Publish-Subscribe Message Queue"
version: 2
abstract: >
FIXME
syllabus:
- Explain what decoupling means in a pub-sub system and why it makes producers and consumers easier to scale independently.
- Describe the three backpressure strategies (drop, block, signal) and the trade-offs each one makes b... | sdxpy/msgque/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.04 | true | false | 14,292 | -1 |
---
title: "Finding Duplicate Files"
version: 1
abstract: >
The naïve way to find duplicated files is to compare each file to all the others,
but that is unworkably slow for large sets of files.
A better approach is to generate a short label that depends only on the file's contents
so that we only need ... | sdxpy/dup/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.066 | true | false | 11,983 | -1 |
---
title: "Syllabus"
---
## [Introduction](@/intro/)
- The complexity of a system increases more rapidly than its size.
- The best way to learn design is to study examples, and the best programs to use as examples are the ones programmers use every day.
- These lessons assume readers can write small programs a... | sdxpy/syllabus/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.177 | true | false | 13,235 | -1 |
---
title: "A Package Manager"
version: 1
abstract: >
Most languages have an online archive from which people can download packages,
each of which has a name, one or more versions, and a list of dependencies.
In order to install a package,
we need to figure out exactly what versions of its dependencies ... | sdxpy/pack/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.057 | true | false | 19,026 | -1 |
# Code of Conduct
In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and
our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of
e... | sdxpy/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.291 | true | false | 3,125 | -1 |
---
title: "Object Persistence"
version: 1
abstract: >
Some simple kinds of data can be saved as lines of text,
but more complex data structures require a framework capable of handling aliasing and circularity.
This chapter shows how to build such a framework,
and in doing so demonstrates how libraries ... | sdxpy/persist/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.045 | true | false | 15,386 | -1 |
---
title: "File Compression"
version: 2
abstract: >
FIXME
syllabus:
- FIXME
---
[%fixme "create file compressor" %] [%issue 144 %]
- First idea: number the tokens in the file and replace each with its number
- Use blank-nonblank tokenization (which inadvertently captures punctuation)
- `compress.... | sdxpy/unused/compress/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy/unused/compress | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.062 | true | false | 1,313 | -1 |
---
title: "Protocols"
version: 1
abstract: >
This chapter starts by showing how we can simplify testing
by temporarily replacing real functions with ones that return predictable values,
then uses our need to do that
to motivate discussion of ways that programmers can hook their own code
into the Py... | sdxpy/protocols/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.057 | true | false | 13,294 | -1 |
---
title: "Running Tests"
version: 1
abstract: >
Every programming language has tools to collect tests, run them, and report their results.
This chapter shows how such tools are built,
both to help programmers use them more effectively,
and to illustrate the single most important idea in this book:
... | sdxpy/test/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.069 | true | false | 9,873 | -1 |
## Solutions
### Odds of Collision
Your colleague has added the odds in the table---but that is not how probability works.
The table shows the *conditional* probability of a collision on the next file
assuming no collision has happened yet.
To find the actual probability of at least one collision across four files,
w... | sdxpy/solutions/dup/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy/solutions/dup | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.065 | true | false | 4,433 | -1 |
---
title: "A Database"
---
<section class="slide" markdown="1">
## The Problem
- Persisting objects ([%x persist %]) lets us save and restore program state
- But we often want fast lookup *without* reloading all the data
- And interoperability across languages
- Create a simple [%g log_structured_db "log... | sdxpy/db/slides.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.19 | true | false | 5,195 | -1 |
---
title: "Conclusion"
abstract: >
We have long accepted that software can and should be critiqued by asking
if it does what it's supposed to do and if it's pleasurable to use.
What is often missing is the question of whether
its design facilitated its manufacture and maintenance.
We hope that this... | sdxpy/finale/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.041 | true | false | 3,129 | -1 |
---
title: "Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types"
version: 2
abstract: >
FIXME
syllabus:
- Explain why last-write-wins registers can lose updates in concurrent systems and when that trade-off is acceptable.
- Implement a grow-only counter and a positive-negative counter using the merge-by-maximum rule.
- Descr... | sdxpy/crdt/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.035 | true | false | 13,360 | -1 |
## Solutions
### Testing Exceptions
A context manager that checks for an expected exception needs three
pieces: a constructor that remembers the exception type, an `__enter__`
method that does nothing special, and an `__exit__` method that inspects
whatever exception (if any) was raised inside the block.
The logic i... | sdxpy/solutions/protocols/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy/solutions/protocols | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.072 | true | false | 4,981 | -1 |
---
title: "Observers"
version: 2
abstract: >
FIXME
syllabus:
- FIXME
---
**In Development**
- `push_simple.py`: observables push notifications, execution is immediate
- `push_buggy.py`: infinite recursion
- `push_origin.py`: keep track of originator to avoid cycles
- use UUID as identifier in exerc... | sdxpy/observe/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.176 | true | false | 574 | -1 |
---
title: "Object Persistence"
---
<section class="slide" markdown="1">
## How to Save Data?
- Prose as plain text
- Tables as CSV
- What about objects?
- List of dictionaries of lists of dictionaries
</section>
<section class="slide" markdown="1">
## Existing Options
- [JSON][py_json] or [YAML][py... | sdxpy/persist/slides.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.168 | true | false | 3,806 | -1 |
---
title: "A Code Linter"
version: 1
abstract: >
This chapter brings together pieces from the preceding few lessons
to show how one program can check the structure of another.
Tools that do this, called linters,
rely once again on the fact that programs are just another kind of data.
syllabus:
- A li... | sdxpy/lint/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.067 | true | false | 10,815 | -1 |
---
title: "Introduction"
abstract: >
The best way to learn design is to study examples,
and the best programs to use as examples are the ones programmers use every day.
These lessons therefore build small versions
of tools that programmers use every day
to show how experienced software designers th... | sdxpy/intro/index.md | books | sdxpy | sdxpy | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | CC-BY-NC-4.0 | 469c08a8807c631cf0f4deea675782775cc83ac4 | doc | false | 0.052 | true | false | 13,198 | -1 |
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