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20231101.en_13208628_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
The 1991 Tooheys 1000 was a motor race which was staged at the Mount Panorama Circuit just outside Bathurst in New South Wales, Australia on 6 October 1991. It was the 32nd running of the Bathurst 1000. The 1000 km race was held for cars complying with the provisions of Australian Group 3A Touring Car regulations with ...
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20231101.en_13208628_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
Nissan driver Mark Skaife became the first driver since Peter Brock in 1983 to claim provisional pole position, pole position after the Top 10 runoff (with a then fastest touring car lap time of 2:12.63), the race win, and the fastest race lap. His lap record in the race was set in the teams #2 GT-R and not the #1 he d...
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20231101.en_13208628_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
The Richards / Skaife Nissan GT-R recorded a one lap victory from the Holden Racing Team entered Holden VN Commodore SS Group A SV of 1990 race winners Win Percy and Allan Grice with the GIO Racing Nissan GT-R of Mark Gibbs and dual Australian Drivers' Champion Rohan Onslow a further lap behind in third place. After ha...
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20231101.en_13208628_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
With the overall race time of 6h 19m 14.80s breaking the 1984 record of 6h 23m 13.06s. The 1991 time remained as the race record for the 1000 km event until it was broken at the 2010 event with a 6h 12m 51.4153s race time. As of the end of 2018 the 1991 edition is still one of the fastest races in the history of this e...
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20231101.en_13208628_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
For Group 3A cars of 3001cc and Over engine capacity, it featured the turbocharged Nissan Skylines, Ford Sierras, Toyota Supras and a Mitsubishi Starion, the V8 Holden Commodores and a BMW 635 CSi.
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20231101.en_13208628_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
For Group 3A cars of 1601-3000cc engine capacity, it was composed exclusively of BMW M3s, both the 2.5 L "Evo" version and the original 2.3 L car.
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20231101.en_13208628_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
For Group 3A cars of Up to 1600cc engine capacity, it was composed exclusively of various models of Toyota Corolla.
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20231101.en_13208628_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Tooheys%201000
1991 Tooheys 1000
* After breaking Tony Longhurst's 1990 qualifying record of 2:13.84 by a full second, Mark Skaife lowered the mark again with a 2:12.630 in the Top 10. Skaife's Nissan GT-R also recorded a Group A fastest ever on Conrod Straight during the runoff.* 1991 was the first ever all-Nissan front row at Bathurst. It was also ...
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20231101.en_13208631_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Slavin
Jonathan Slavin
Slavin portrayed illustrator Byron Togler on the Fox network's sitcom Andy Richter Controls the Universe, Ogo on the CGI animated show Robot and Monster, and scientist Phil Myman on ABC's sitcom Better Off Ted. He appeared as a member the main cast of Dr. Ken and The Republic of Sarah and as a recurring character on ...
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20231101.en_13208631_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Slavin
Jonathan Slavin
Slavin has also had guest roles on series such as Dharma & Greg, Castle, Grey's Anatomy, My Name Is Earl, Summerland, Friends, Grimm, Weeds, Wings, ER, Chicago Hope, Ugly Betty, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Bones, Better with You, Raising Hope, The Finder, Grace and Frankie and Friends with Better Lives.
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20231101.en_13208631_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Slavin
Jonathan Slavin
He has also appeared in such feature films as Free Enterprise, Race to Witch Mountain, Backwoods, A Cinderella Story, Dirty Girl, and Love & Mercy.
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20231101.en_13208631_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Slavin
Jonathan Slavin
Slavin is Jewish. He is gay and in July 2016 he married his partner of 22 years. He is also a vegan and animal rights activist, with a large menagerie of adopted pets.
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20231101.en_13208635_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde (fl. 1653–1674) was a seventeenth-century London bookseller and publisher, noted for his publication of the Third Folio of Shakespeare's plays.
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20231101.en_13208635_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde
Chetwinde was originally a clothworker. Through his 1637 marriage to Mary Allot, the widow of Second Folio publisher Robert Allot, Chetwinde acquired rights to Allot's published works – which included the rights to a substantial portion of the dramatic output of both Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. Chetwinde attempted to m...
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20231101.en_13208635_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde
In 1663, he employed his rights to Shakespeare's plays to publish the Third Folio, a corrected reprint of the Second Folio of 1632. The Third Folio was printed by Alice Warren, Roger Daniel, and either Thomas Ratcliffe or John Hayes. (In the seventeenth century and earlier, the functions of printers and publishers were...
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20231101.en_13208635_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde
In the following year, 1664, Chetwinde issued a second impression of the Third Folio, to which he added seven plays: Locrine, The London Prodigal, The Puritan, Sir John Oldcastle, Thomas Lord Cromwell, A Yorkshire Tragedy, and Pericles, Prince of Tyre. Only the last of these, Pericles, is accepted by the modern critica...
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20231101.en_13208635_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde
Like virtually all the publishers of his time and place, Chetwinde produced an abundant supply of religious works; Bishop Bayly's The Practice of Piety, which Chetwinde issued in multiple editions, is only one example.
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20231101.en_13208635_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Chetwinde
Philip Chetwinde
Chetwinde was unusual among London publishers of his generation in that he published books in the Welsh language. It can be noted that Chetwinde worked, with some frequency, with female printers – the widows of printers who had continued their late husbands' businesses. Alice Warren, as noted, worked on the Third Folio...
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20231101.en_13208639_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plainfield%20High%20School%20%28Plainfield%2C%20Indiana%29
Plainfield High School (Plainfield, Indiana)
Plainfield High School (abbreviated PHS) in Plainfield, Indiana, United States. It is a public high school located within the Plainfield Community School Corporation.
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20231101.en_13208639_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plainfield%20High%20School%20%28Plainfield%2C%20Indiana%29
Plainfield High School (Plainfield, Indiana)
In March 2008, the school hosted then-democratic candidate for president Barack Obama as he spoke during his run for presidency.
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20231101.en_13208639_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plainfield%20High%20School%20%28Plainfield%2C%20Indiana%29
Plainfield High School (Plainfield, Indiana)
Plainfield is a part of the Mid State Conference. They compete under the name "Quakers" (or Lady Quakers) and the school colors are scarlet and royal blue. The following IHSAA sports are offered at Plainfield (Unless marked there are separate boys and girls teams):
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20231101.en_13208639_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plainfield%20High%20School%20%28Plainfield%2C%20Indiana%29
Plainfield High School (Plainfield, Indiana)
Del Harris - current Vice-President of Texas Legends of NBA Development League; former head coach of NBA's Houston Rockets, Milwaukee Bucks and Los Angeles Lakers; assistant coach for various NBA teams, including Rockets, Bucks, Dallas Mavericks, Chicago Bulls and New Jersey Nets.
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20231101.en_13208639_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plainfield%20High%20School%20%28Plainfield%2C%20Indiana%29
Plainfield High School (Plainfield, Indiana)
Jason Pociask - former NFL fullback and tight end for New York Jets, New England Patriots, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Indianapolis Colts, Carolina Panthers, Seattle Seahawks and Dallas Cowboys; played one season for Florida Tuskers of UFL.
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20231101.en_13208639_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plainfield%20High%20School%20%28Plainfield%2C%20Indiana%29
Plainfield High School (Plainfield, Indiana)
Haris Suleman, Pakistani-American aviator who died while attempting to circumnavigate the world as the youngest pilot in history.
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20231101.en_13208662_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
This article details lenses for single-lens reflex and digital single-lens reflex cameras (SLRs and DSLRs respectively). The emphasis is on modern lenses for 35 mm film SLRs and for "full-frame" DSLRs with sensor sizes less than or equal to 35 mm.
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20231101.en_13208662_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
On most SLR and DSLR cameras, the lens can be changed. This enables the use of lenses that are best suited for a given photographic need, and allows for the attachment of specialized lenses. Film SLR cameras have existed since the late 1950s, and over the years, a very large number of different lenses have been produce...
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20231101.en_13208662_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
DSLRs became affordable around the mid-1990s, and have become extremely popular in recent years. Some manufacturers, such as Minolta, Canon and Nikon, chose to make their DSLRs 100% compatible with their existing SLR lenses from the beginning, allowing owners of new DSLRs to continue to use their existing lenses and ge...
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20231101.en_13208662_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
As implied by the above, lenses are only directly interchangeable within the mount system for which they are built. Mixing mounting systems requires an adapter, which most often results in compromises such as loss of functionality (e.g. lack of autofocus or automatic aperture control). Furthermore, the adapter may requ...
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20231101.en_13208662_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The aperture of a lens is the opening that regulates the amount of light that passes through the lens. It is controlled by a diaphragm inside the lens, which is in turn controlled either manually or by the exposure circuitry in the camera body.
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20231101.en_13208662_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The relative aperture is specified as an f-number, the ratio of the lens focal length to its effective aperture diameter. A small f-number like 2.0 indicates a large aperture (more light passes through), while a large f-number like 22 indicates a small aperture (little light passes through). Aperture settings are usual...
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20231101.en_13208662_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The aperture affects not only the amount of light that passes through the lens, but also the depth of field of the resulting image: a larger aperture (a smaller f-number, e.g. f/2.0) will have a shallow depth of field, while a smaller aperture (a larger f-number, e.g. f/11) will have a greater depth of field.
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20231101.en_13208662_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The focal length of a lens, together with the size of the image sensor or film in the camera, determines the angle of view. A lens is considered to be a "normal lens" in terms of its angle of view on a camera when its focal length is approximately equal to the diagonal dimension of the film format or image sensor forma...
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20231101.en_13208662_8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Lenses are not labeled or sold according to their angle of view, but rather by their focal length, usually expressed in millimeters. However, this specification is insufficient to compare lenses for different cameras, because field of view also depends on sensor size. For example, a 50 mm lens mounted on a Nikon D3 (a ...
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20231101.en_13208662_9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
In order to more easily compare lens–camera pairs, it is common to use their 35 mm equivalent focal length. For example, when talking about a 14 mm lens for a Four Thirds system camera, one would not only indicate that it has a focal length of 14 mm, but also that its "35 mm equivalent focal length" is 28 mm. This way ...
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20231101.en_13208662_10
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Values in the following table are approximate, and apply to rectilinear lenses only, not to fisheye lenses.
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20231101.en_13208662_11
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The focal length of a zoom lens is not fixed; instead it can be varied between a specified minimum and maximum value. Modern lens technology is such that the loss of image quality in zoom lenses (relative to non-zoom lenses) is minimal, and zoom lenses have become the standard lenses for SLRs and DSLRs. This is differe...
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20231101.en_13208662_12
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Zoom lenses are often described by the ratio of their longest to shortest focal lengths. For example, a zoom lens with focal lengths ranging from 100 mm to 400 mm may be described as a 4:1 or "4×" zoom. Typical zoom lenses cover a 3.5× range, for example 24–90 mm (standard zoom) or 60–200 mm (telephoto zoom). "Super-zo...
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20231101.en_13208662_13
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The maximum aperture for a zoom lens may be the same (constant) for all focal lengths, but it is more common that the maximum aperture is greater at the wide-angle end than at the telephoto end of the zoom range. For example, a 100 mm to 400 mm lens may have a maximum aperture of f/4.0 at the 100 mm end but will dimini...
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20231101.en_13208662_14
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Macro lenses are designed for extreme closeup work. Such lenses are popular for nature shooting such as small flowers, as well as for many technical applications. As most of these lenses can also focus to infinity and tend to be quite sharp, many are used as general-purpose optics.
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20231101.en_13208662_15
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Most users of SLR and DSLR cameras stick to using zoom lenses, while a few of the more adventurous amateurs and many professional photographers also invest in a few prime lenses. Special purpose lenses are, as the designation implies, for special purposes, and are not so common.
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20231101.en_13208662_16
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
There are many different kinds of special purpose lenses, the most popular being fisheye lenses, which are extreme wide-angle lenses with an angle of view of up to 180 degrees or more, with very noticeable (sometimes intended) distortion. Perspective control lenses and soft-focus lenses, were more popular with film SLR...
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20231101.en_13208662_17
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
There is almost no commonality between different camera makers regarding lens mount systems. Each manufacturer has developed their own system, and build camera bodies and lenses that only work with their own lens mount, with the Four Thirds System being a partial exception.
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20231101.en_13208662_18
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
This was different before 1970 when most of the manufacturers use either M42 or M39 lenses, most of which can still be used depending on the particular adapter you can find.
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20231101.en_13208662_19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
This does not necessarily mean that one is limited to only mounting, for example, Pentax lenses on a Pentax camera body. There are independent optics companies that make lenses for the various otherwise proprietary mount systems, thus providing alternative sources for lenses that are often of equal quality and/or less ...
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20231101.en_13208662_20
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The M42 lens mount is a screw thread mounting standard for attaching lenses to 35 mm cameras, primarily single-lens reflex models. It is more accurately known as the M42 × 1 mm standard, which means that it is a metric screw thread of 42 mm diameter and 1 mm thread pitch. (The M42 lens mount should not be confused with...
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20231101.en_13208662_21
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Also known as LTM (Leica Thread Mount). Used by Leica and Contax and several Leica copies, like the Soviet era FEDs, and others.
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20231101.en_13208662_22
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Canon introduced the EF-lens mount in 1987 as part of the EOS system. It broke with the most common technique for implementing autofocus at that time by not having a mechanical connection to a motor in the camera body, having instead only electrical connections and requiring a motor to be part of each autofocus lens.
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20231101.en_13208662_23
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The EF-S-mount is a newer subset of the EF standard, introduced in 2003. EF-S lenses can only be used on Canon digital cameras that use the APS-C sensor, for example the 400D (EOS Digital Rebel XTi) and the 40D. EF-S lenses can be distinguished by a white dot on the mount ring, as opposed to the red dot seen on standar...
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20231101.en_13208662_24
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
As noted above under focal length, Canon makes DSLRs with various sensor sizes, and all using the EF or EF-S lens mounts. This leads to the interesting phenomenon of the same EF lens providing different angles of view depending on which camera it is mounted on.
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20231101.en_13208662_25
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Third-party lenses compatible with Canon's EF and EF-S mounts are manufactured by Sigma, Tamron, Tokina and Zeiss. The manufacturers of these lenses have reverse engineered the electronics of the EF lens mount. The use of these lenses is not supported by Canon. However, many users find these lenses to be cheaper (with ...
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20231101.en_13208662_26
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Four Thirds System was created by Olympus and Kodak in 2001, and is designed exclusively for digital cameras. It is a semi-open standard that may be licensed by third parties. Currently Olympus, Leica (in cooperation with Panasonic), and Sigma are making lenses under Four Thirds System consortium licensing.
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20231101.en_13208662_27
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Four Thirds System sensor size (17.3 mm x 13 mm) is the smallest currently being used in DSLR cameras. This leads to both advantages (theoretically smaller, lighter and cheaper lenses and camera bodies) and disadvantages (slightly lower image quality, especially in low-light situations).
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20231101.en_13208662_28
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
There are currently over 35 lenses available for Four Thirds System cameras. A complete list can be found on Andrzej Wrotniak's web site.
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20231101.en_13208662_29
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Micro Four Thirds is a variant on the standard Four Thirds system, developed by Olympus and Panasonic. While these cameras are technically not DSLRs, they are similar in operation, and use similar interchangeable lenses. The Micro Four Thirds lens mount is a slightly modified version of the standard Four Thirds mount, ...
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20231101.en_13208662_30
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Standard Four Thirds lenses can be used on a Micro Four Thirds camera with full electronic communication using an adapter, but those that do not support contrast-detect autofocus will only autofocus slowly, if at all. Micro Four Thirds lenses can not be used on a standard Four Thirds camera.
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20231101.en_13208662_31
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Minolta A-mount system was introduced with the Minolta Maxxum 7000 camera in 1985, along with 11 AF-mount lenses.
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20231101.en_13208662_32
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
In North America, Minolta began using the name 'Maxxum' for the SLR autofocus cameras, lenses and flashes while in Europe they were called 'AF' (first series) and 'Dynax' (second and later generations), and in Asia the 'α' (Alpha) branding was used, though they were otherwise identical in appearance and function - all ...
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20231101.en_13208662_33
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Most Minolta A-mount compatible lenses, whether built by Minolta or one of the aftermarket lens manufacturers, are focused externally by a shaft connecting the autofocus computer and motor inside the camera body that mechanically connects to the internal focusing gears inside of the lens body. A couple of later Minolta...
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20231101.en_13208662_34
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
This shaft driven autofocus design has several benefits such as allowing for smaller and lighter lenses and also keeps the cost of lenses down because there are no internal focusing motors or digital interfaces built into the lens. Keeping the autofocus motors inside the camera body and as far away from the lens glass ...
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20231101.en_13208662_35
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Minolta (and later Konica Minolta) followed up by producing a large number of AF-mount lenses over the years up until 2004. Konica Minolta sold the rights to their Minolta AF lens mount to Sony in 2006.
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20231101.en_13208662_36
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Sony acquired Konica Minolta's camera technologies in 2006, and chose the "α" brand name, already in use by Minolta in Asia, for their new "Sony α" digital SLR system. The company has since abandoned traditional SLR design, and now uses the "α" brand name for its current line of SLT and ILCA cameras with fixed semi-ref...
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20231101.en_13208662_37
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Minolta A-mount was retained from the old cameras and was originally named the "Sony α mount system".
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20231101.en_13208662_38
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Sony has produced several new lenses for its A-mount, and the current list of Minolta and Sony A-mount lenses has over 60 entries.
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20231101.en_13208662_39
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Some of the newest A-mount lenses are designated "DT" for Digital Technology; these are for digital cameras with APS-C sensors, and will result in vignetting if used on a film SLR or a full frame DSLR or full frame SLT camera.
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20231101.en_13208662_40
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Nikon F-mount was introduced by Nikon in 1959, and is thus one of the most venerable lens mounts still in existence. Another factor that makes the Nikon F-mount popular is that several other camera manufacturers, for example Fujifilm, have adopted it. F-mount photographic lenses are currently made by Nikon, Zeiss, ...
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20231101.en_13208662_41
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Most Nikon F-mount lenses cover the standard 36×24 mm area of 135 film, while "DX" designated lenses cover the 24×16 mm area of the Nikon DX format DSLR sensors, commonly referred to as APS-C format. While "DX" lenses can be physically mounted on any Nikon film or digital SLR that support the "AI" exposure indexing fea...
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20231101.en_13208662_42
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
AF & AF-D = Auto focus by camera body driven focus motor, the D version provides distance information
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20231101.en_13208662_43
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
AF-I & AF-S = Auto focus by integrated/ultrasonic motor in lens; see also List of Nikon F-mount lenses with integrated autofocus motors
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20231101.en_13208662_44
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Industrial F-mount lenses have varying, often small, film/sensor coverage. Older F-mount lenses designed for film cameras will work on modern SLR or DSLR cameras with some limitations, typically not providing autofocus or automatic aperture setting. Entry level Nikon DSLRs such as Nikon D40, D40X, D60, D3000, D3100, D5...
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20231101.en_13208662_45
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Nikon 1-mount was announced on 21 September 2011 together with the Nikon 1 series high-speed mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras.
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20231101.en_13208662_46
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Pentax K-mount (or just "PK mount") was created by Pentax in 1975, and has been used by all Pentax 35 mm and digital SLRs since. The mount has been developed over the years, resulting in a large number of designations such as KF mount, KA mount, KAF mount, KAF2 mount and KA2 mount, plus a couple of more recent vers...
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20231101.en_13208662_47
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
A number of other manufacturers have produced K-mount lenses, and several other manufacturers (such as Konica and Ricoh) have made K-mount cameras. In 2005 Pentax and Samsung entered into a cooperation resulting in the Samsung GX line of DSLRs, based largely on Pentax technology including the Pentax K mount.
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20231101.en_13208662_48
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Sigma Corporation, better known for manufacturing lenses for other cameras, has made some film SLR and DSLR cameras themselves. These cameras use the Sigma SA-mount, for which Sigma makes a line of lenses.
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20231101.en_13208662_49
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Sigma DSLR cameras that use the SA mount are the Sigma SD9, SD10, SD14, SD15 and SD1 Merrill. These cameras are noteworthy for their use of the Foveon X3 sensor, an image sensor that works on quite different principles from the sensors used in all other digital cameras.
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20231101.en_13208662_50
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The Nikon F-mount lens systems and the Pentax K-mount systems are the only 35 mm SLR camera systems (apart from the Leica M-mount rangefinder system) that allow a photographer to use a mechanical SLR camera body, a fully automatic SLR camera body, and a DSLR camera body, all utilizing the same lenses. The only aspects ...
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20231101.en_13208662_51
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Canon, Minolta (Sony), Olympus, and other manufacturers have changed lens mounts. Much older Canon film cameras used the FD lens mount, which was discontinued in 1987 in favor of the EF lens mount. Olympus discontinued the OM lens mount for the OM series cameras in favor of the Four Thirds System lens mount. However, d...
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20231101.en_13208662_52
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Almost all modern lenses for SLRs and DSLRs provide automatic focus. The autofocus sensor(s) and electronics are actually in the camera body, and this circuitry provides electrical power and signals to a motor inside the lens that adjusts the focus. (Some older autofocus systems are based on a motor in the camera body ...
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20231101.en_13208662_53
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
There are two different kinds of in-lens electronic focus drive motors currently in use, the traditional servo motor and the more modern "ultrasonic" drive systems. These ultrasonic drives go by different names according to the manufacturer, for example USM (Canon), AF-S/Silent Wave (Nikon), Super Sonicwave Motor/SSM (...
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20231101.en_13208662_54
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Image stabilization is a technique used to reduce image blur caused by the camera not being held steady. There are two kinds of image stabilization used in SLR and DSLR cameras and their lenses:
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20231101.en_13208662_55
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
In-body image stabilization is implemented by moving the image sensor in an attempt to counteract the sensed motion of the camera. The advantage of this technique is that it works for all lenses mounted on the camera, at least if the camera electronics are aware of the lens' focal length. This is most commonly done aut...
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20231101.en_13208662_56
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
In-lens image stabilization, also known as optical image stabilization, is implemented in the lens itself and moves the lens elements in an attempt to counteract the sensed motion of the camera. The inherent advantage of this kind of image stabilization is that it steadies the viewfinder image, allowing for more accura...
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20231101.en_13208662_57
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Modern advanced cameras use not one image stabilization, but more than one and it is called as Hybrid System Image Stabization. One for fast focusing, one for accurate good image quality and the other one for take video while walking.
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20231101.en_13208662_58
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
The effectiveness of image stabilization systems varies somewhat from implementation to another, but there seems to be no inherent superiority to either lens-based or sensor-based systems as far as the actual improvement in captured images.
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20231101.en_13208662_59
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Modest image stabilization systems can degrade image quality if the photographer is intentionally panning (as the system tries to negate the panning motion), or if the camera is mounted on a very sturdy tripod (the system drifts around slowly due to spurious measurements over the course of a long exposure). Some more r...
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20231101.en_13208662_60
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenses%20for%20SLR%20and%20DSLR%20cameras
Lenses for SLR and DSLR cameras
Mounting a lens with optical image stabilization on a camera with in-body image stabilization does not provide improved results, since the combined effect of both systems will "overcorrect". Users of image-stabilized lenses on bodies with sensor-shift IS should determine which system offers superior performance and tur...
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20231101.en_13208678_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed%20the%20Tree
Feed the Tree
"Feed the Tree" is a song by American alternative rock band Belly, released as the band's first single from their debut album, Star, in 1993. It is the band's biggest hit, reaching number one on the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and number 32 on the UK Singles Chart. According to lead singer Tanya Donelly, the ...
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20231101.en_13208678_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed%20the%20Tree
Feed the Tree
The song was ranked number 24 on VH1's "40 Greatest One-Hit Wonders of the 90s". It was also a popular radio hit in Australia, coming in at number 25 on the Triple J Hottest 100 countdown for 1993.
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20231101.en_13208678_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed%20the%20Tree
Feed the Tree
Pitchfork said the song, "takes advantage of Donelly's talent for punching holes in the wall with a killer chorus. Tom Gorman's serpentine riff coils around the verses while bassist Fred Abong and drummer Chris Gorman keep their rhythms flippy-floppy."
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20231101.en_13208752_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipe%20da%20Silva
Filipe da Silva
Filipe da Silva (born 30 November 1979 in Guimarães) is a Portuguese-French former professional basketball player.
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20231101.en_13208757_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadpole%20%28dinghy%29
Tadpole (dinghy)
The Tadpole is a small dinghy with an approximate length of and an approximate beam of 3 feet. Its gaff rig has of sail area.
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20231101.en_13208761_0
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
The first English-language school in California opened at Mission Santa Clara in 1847. It was founded by Olive Mann Isbell, who started the school with 25 pupils in a small adobe at the Mission Santa Clara for $2 a month. The school later moved that spring to Monterey.
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20231101.en_13208761_1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
Following the establishment of a public school system in the 1849 Constitution (debated and written in Colton Hall), Colton Hall in Monterey served as the area's public school 1849-1851. Built from 1847 to 1849 as Monterey's town hall and school house from 1847 to 1849, it also served as the public school from 1872 to...
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20231101.en_13208761_2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
California Wesleyan College is founded. California Wesleyan later became College of the Pacific, and is now known as University of the Pacific in Stockton. It is the first and oldest chartered university in California; its date of charter is July 10, 1851. Its original campus was in Santa Clara; it then moved to Col...
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20231101.en_13208761_3
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
Santa Clara College is founded, which later became University of Santa Clara and is now known as Santa Clara University in Santa Clara. Although it did not receive its charter for several years, Santa Clara was the first institution of higher education in California to enroll students.
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20231101.en_13208761_4
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
College of Notre Dame in Belmont, now known as Notre Dame de Namur University, is founded. This was the first women's college in California. The university is now co-ed.
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20231101.en_13208761_5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
The pre-collegiate division of Santa Clara College later became Santa Clara Preparatory and then Bellarmine College Preparatory in San Jose. This is the first oldest high school in California.
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20231101.en_13208761_6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
Notre Dame High School in San Jose is founded. This is first all-girls high school was founded in Santa Clara to complement the College of Santa Clara.
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20231101.en_13208761_7
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
Spring Valley Science School in San Francisco. This is the oldest public school in California. It is the only one of the original 7 gold rush schools in San Francisco that is still in existence.
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20231101.en_13208761_8
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
Mills College, the oldest women's college west of the Rockies, is founded in Benicia, California. It moved to its current location in Oakland in 1871.
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20231101.en_13208761_9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20oldest%20schools%20in%20California
List of oldest schools in California
Ophir School in Ophir Ca was founded. It was the 1st school in Placer County. The school burned down in 1873 and at that time was a one room school. In 1873 a new school was built on the present site. in 1881 there were 69 boys and 68 girls but only 2 teachers. It is still in operation today.
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