ID int64 0 400k | content stringlengths 97 5.85k |
|---|---|
12,900 | Please write an abstract with title: Fault detection for nonlinear systems with periodic input, and key words: Fault detection, Nonlinear systems, Fault diagnosis, Sampling methods, Mechanical engineering, Reliability engineering, Systems engineering and theory, Control systems, Statistics, Safety. Abstract: Fault diagnosis is important to improve the reliability of engineering systems. Most existing fault diagnosis techniques consider only systems with non-periodic input, though periodic signals are also common in control systems. It is, therefore, necessary to develop fault diagnosis techniques for systems with periodic input. A popular approach to detect abrupt and incipient faults for systems with random noise is the asymptotic local approach based on a statistic which is a function of the residuals obtained from the process model obtained under normal operating conditions. However, the results obtained from this technique are unsatisfactory when the input of the system is periodic. A new criterion is proposed in this paper that allows the asymptotic local approach to be extended to systems with periodic inputs. The application of this technique to nonlinear system is discussed and illustrated by a simulation example. |
12,901 | Please write an abstract with title: Numerical Simulation of Shock-Dispersed Fuel Charges, and key words: Numerical simulation, Fuels, Computational modeling, Chemicals, Combustion, Thermodynamics, Gases, Temperature, Laboratories, Explosions. Abstract: For many explosives, only a fraction of the chemical energy is released in the detonation. Calorimetry data for TNT from Ornellas[7] shows that when the ambient gas is inert, there is substantially less total energy released than when the ambient gas is air. This data indicates that burning of the explosion byproducts plays a key role in the overall energetics of the system. The basic concept of shock-dispersed fuel (SDF) charges is to directly exploit this idea. More precisely, in an SDF charge a small charge is used to disperse a fuel and create a turbulent environment in which the fuel can mix with ambient air and burn. |
12,902 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Implementation of Absorption and Scattering Chamber Test of a High-Power Fiber Laser Beam by Gases and Solids in the Far-Field, and key words: Temperature measurement, Free electron lasers, Measurement by laser beam, Solid lasers, Chemical lasers, Laser excitation, Laser beams. Abstract: In the last century the laser was invented in 1961 after that scientists aspired to produce a high-power laser (HPL) to be used in many fields as communications in a far-field, and for industrial purposes such as carving, cutting, and leveling, and in military applications, a super-powerful laser is used to destroy different enemy targets After several attempts and painstaking experiments, more than one conception was reached to reach a high-power laser, the first of which is the chemical laser, for example, the carbon dioxide laser, the carbon monoxide laser, the hydrogen and fluorine laser, the second type free-electron laser, and finally fiber laser. in this paper a chamber test of a high-power fiber laser beam (CTHPF) measures the absorption and scattering of the laser beam in a case almost real in the far-field, it simulates atmospheric aerosol and the effect of the laser beam after chamber on the piece of solid material like stainless steel and aluminum to measure heat capacities (HC) with a versus temperature (T), which its Produced by the laser beam. |
12,903 | Please write an abstract with title: Numerical generation of radiographer equations for rod-pinch electron beam diodes, and key words: Radiography, Equations, Electron beams, Diodes, Electromagnetic modeling, Electromagnetic scattering, Particle scattering, Monte Carlo methods, Detectors, Voltage. Abstract: Dose-rate calculations for a rod-pinch electron beam diode using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations along with Monte-Carlo electron/photon transport calculations are presented. The two-dimensional, electromagnetic PIC simulations are used to model the dynamic operation of the rod pinch diode. These simulations include electron scattering and energy-loss algorithms and the positions and momenta of created photons are recorded. Separate Monte Carlo calculations are then carried out to determine the dose in far-field detectors. These combined calculations result in a radiographer equation (dose scaling as a function of diode current and voltage) that is compared directly with measured dose-rates from rod-pinch diode experiments. |
12,904 | Please write an abstract with title: Waveguide Technology Based on Glide-Symmetric Holey Structures: Design Considerations, and key words: higher symmetries, glide symmetry, periodic structures, mode matching, dispersion analysis. Abstract: Using glide-symmetric structures with different dispersion properties has shown huge potential for novel electromagnetic applications. Our interest in this paper is to investigate how waveguide-based technology can be improved using glide-symmetric holey structures. The impact which glide-symmetric holey structure has on the waveguide losses when there is an unwanted gap in the waveguide structure is demonstrated using developed prototypes. Further, an analysis of realistic holes with conical endings is performed using developed effective hole length method which can serve as a valuable tool in the process of designing novel waveguide lenses based on these properties. |
12,905 | Please write an abstract with title: CVIN: Connected Vehicle Information Network, and key words: Blockchain, Standards, Distributed ledger, Connected vehicles, Automotive engineering, Vehicle-to-everything, Interoperability. Abstract: Blockchain technology has been widely explored in the automotive sector for a variety of applications. In particular, Mobility Open Blockchain Initiative (MOBI)-a non-profit alliance with over 70% of the world's large automakers-is actively developing a vehicle identity standard, which will serve as the foundation for other blockchain use cases such as vehicle-tovehicle payments and automotive financing. Despite the great potential of the vehicle identity standard as outlined in MOBI's official documents, a cost-effective design and implementation is still missing in the literature. In response, we propose CVIN (Connected Vehicle Information Network) as our technical design and implementation of MOBI's vehicle identity standard. First, we explain why Hyperledger Indy and Aries can be used as a basic building block of CVIN and describe how other building blocks can be integrated with Indy and Aries in order to offer additional advantages. Second, we propose to use the AURORA Connected Vehicle Testbed to evaluate the performances of CVIN with a particular focus on its security, privacy, latency, and interoperability. Third, we identify two major technical challenges and propose several solutions by leveraging edge computing and sidechain technology. Finally, we plan to opensource parts or all of CVIN, and we believe that our contribution together with the AURORA testbed will support our research community for rapid innovation. |
12,906 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal Dispatch of Integrated Electricity-Gas-Heat System Considering Power to Gas, and key words: Voltage fluctuations, Power quality, Wind power generation, Software, Power system reliability, Software reliability, Resource management. Abstract: The integrated energy system and energy hub (EH) can not only implement energy complementary coordination, but also improve power quality. In this paper, an integrated energy system considering power to gas (PtG) is composed of electric power distribution system, district heating system, natural gas distribution system and energy hub. In order to realize the optimal allocation of resources, we have constructed an optimization model of two layers. By constructing a Lagrange function, the model is transformed into a mixed integer linear program (MILP) combined with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions, and then common commercial software CPLEX is used to solve this model. Finally, a case study is used to prove the effectiveness of the proposed model and method. The performances of PtG promoting the overall economic benefits and enhancing the reliability level of electrical loads are also analyzed. |
12,907 | Please write an abstract with title: PV System Based Induction Motor With Landsman Converter Using IFOC Controller, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Induction motor drives, Reactive power, Induction motors, Torque, Software packages, Mathematical models. Abstract: This study proposes a robust and inexpensive solar photovoltaic (PV) system using the Landsman converter architecture and an induction motor drive (IMD). Among the numerous DC-DC converters, the Landsman converter satisfies the planned system’s performance expectations. A DC-DC Landsman converter’s principle role is to improve the energy output of a Photovoltaic panel and to offer safe and soft initiation of an induction motor with proper control. The first stage controls the duty cycle of a landsman converter to collect the greatest energy from the solar PV system. The motor speed is controlled to sustain the DC link voltage. Since motor currents are reduced at higher voltages for the same reactive power, this control assists in the reduction of motor losses. To improve transient system efficiency on an IFOC-based three-phase induction motor (IM) operation, a speed controller is required. The results are verified and examined in MATLAB/Simulink and it shows that motor torque range and speed. |
12,908 | Please write an abstract with title: A high-efficiency fast charger for lead-acid batteries, and key words: Batteries, Voltage, Assembly, Power conversion, Pulse circuits, Application software, Portable computers, Mobile handsets, Electric vehicles, Temperature. Abstract: Presented in this paper is a lead-acid battery charger featuring high power conversion efficiency, high charging efficiency, and short charging time. In the experiments on 12 V/4.5 Ah nonspillable lead-acid assembled batteries, the charging capacity is 3.71 Ah in 40 minutes and the discharging capacity is 3.5 Ah in 90 minutes. Charging efficiency is 94.3%. The charging time is no more than 10 minutes from empty to 50% of full charge and less than 30 minutes from empty to 80% of full charge. |
12,909 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning Multi-Modal Nonlinear Embeddings: Performance Bounds and an Algorithm, and key words: Training, Kernel, Interpolation, Data models, Geometry, Learning systems, Deep learning. Abstract: While many approaches exist in the literature to learn low-dimensional representations for data collections in multiple modalities, the generalizability of multi-modal nonlinear embeddings to previously unseen data is a rather overlooked subject. In this work, we first present a theoretical analysis of learning multi-modal nonlinear embeddings in a supervised setting. Our performance bounds indicate that for successful generalization in multi-modal classification and retrieval problems, the regularity of the interpolation functions extending the embedding to the whole data space is as important as the between-class separation and cross-modal alignment criteria. We then propose a multi-modal nonlinear representation learning algorithm that is motivated by these theoretical findings, where the embeddings of the training samples are optimized jointly with the Lipschitz regularity of the interpolators. Experimental comparison to recent multi-modal and single-modal learning algorithms suggests that the proposed method yields promising performance in multi-modal image classification and cross-modal image-text retrieval applications. |
12,910 | Please write an abstract with title: SwarmShare: Mobility-Resilient Spectrum Sharing for Swarm UAV Networking in the 6 GHz Band, and key words: Spectral efficiency, Aggregates, Real-time systems, Sensors, Automobiles, Mathematical model, Interference constraints. Abstract: To mitigate the long-term spectrum crunch problem, the FCC recently opened up the 6 GHz frequency band for unlicensed use. However, the existing spectrum sharing strategies cannot support the operation of access points in moving vehicles such as cars and UAVs. This is primarily because of the directionality-based spectrum sharing among the incumbent systems in this band and the high mobility of the moving vehicles, which together make it challenging to control the cross-system interference. In this paper we propose SwarmShare, a mobility-resilient spectrum sharing framework for swarm UAV networking in the 6 GHz band. We first present a mathematical formulation of the SwarmShare problem, where the objective is to maximize the spectral efficiency of the UAV network by jointly controlling the flight and transmission power of the UAVs and their association with the ground users, under the interference constraints of the incumbent system. We find that there are no closed-form mathematical models that can be used characterize the statistical behaviors of the aggregate interference from the UAVs to the incumbent system. Then we propose a data-driven three-phase spectrum sharing approach, including Initial Power Enforcement, Offline-dataset Guided Online Power Adaptation, and Reinforcement Learning-based UAV Optimization. We validate the effectiveness of SwarmShare through an extensive simulation campaign. Results indicate that, based on SwarmShare, the aggregate interference from the UAVs to the incumbent system can be effectively controlled below the target level without requiring the real-time cross-system channel state information. The mobility resilience of SwarmShare is also validated in coexisting networks with no precise UAV location information. |
12,911 | Please write an abstract with title: Joint Transmit and Receive Antenna Selection for Spatial Modulation Systems Using Deep Learning, and key words: Receiving antennas, Transmitting antennas, Symbols, MIMO communication, Modulation, Deep learning, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Importance of the signal reliability has started to increase in today’s communication technologies. One of the most important methods of increasing signal reliability for communication systems is the selection of antennas at the receiver, transmitter, or both. On the other hand, having low complexity, low processing times and high performance, deep learning (DL) based technologies have started to find a place in various fields such as communication, warehouse management, health services, image processing, and so on. In this letter, we first introduce the joint transmit and receive antenna selection (JTRAS) for spatial modulation (SM) systems, which, as far as we know, has not been studied in detail before, and second, we perform the DL algorithms for JTRAS instead of its exhaustive search. |
12,912 | Please write an abstract with title: An Experimental Investigation into the Design of a Robust Semi-Active Suspension System for a Quarter-Car Model, and key words: Robustness, Frequency, System testing, Life estimation, Roads. Abstract: In this paper the experimental test of a robust semi-active suspension system using a quarter-car model has been investigated. The performance of the developed suspension system was evaluated under a sinusoidal road disturbance with amplitude of 2 mm (peak to peak) and 3 mm (peak to peak), and within the frequency test range of 1 – 9 Hz. The experimental results show that in the frequency test range of 1 – 4 Hz, the sprung mass acceleration of the semi-active suspension is smaller than the passive suspension. However, the sprung mass acceleration of the semi-active suspension is higher than the passive suspension, in the frequency test range of 5 - 9 Hz. Moreover, the unsprung mass acceleration of the semi-active suspension is smaller than its passive counterpart in all of the frequency test range 1 – 9 Hz. |
12,913 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Computer Network Intrusion Detection Technology, and key words: Data analysis, Intrusion detection, Network security, Recording, IP networks, Personnel, Network intrusion. Abstract: This paper mainly studies a network intrusion test, which is applied in a certain network system to be tested. The method includes: grabbing network data packets in the network to be tested; analyzing according to preset test criteria Whether a network attack event is triggered; if a network intrusion event is detected, the source IP address of the network intrusion event is parsed; and within a set time period, all IP addresses related to the source of the event can be continuously recorded address-related data packets. The above methods can restore the entire process of the network attack more clearly, thereby increasing the convenience of analyzing the network attack data information. |
12,914 | Please write an abstract with title: The restoration of degraded old motion pictures, and key words: Degradation, Motion pictures, Image restoration, Image storage, Motion estimation, Image sequences, Filters, Image enhancement, Image processing, Material storage. Abstract: Due to bad storage and repeated projection, movies suffer from many degradations, such as blotches, sparkle, noise or missing data in different parts. This paper examines these problems and the use of some image restoration techniques, in conjunction with motion estimation techniques widely used in video coding, to restore these pictures. The three-step method of block matching is used for motion estimation. An algorithm based on motion estimation and applying the concepts of the temporal 3D median filter is used for restoration. The results of this method show visual improvement and high reduction of the blotches, sparkles and missing data. Using other image enhancement techniques, further improvement can be obtained. |
12,915 | Please write an abstract with title: Space-based facilities for environmental disaster monitoring, assessment and management, and key words: Monitoring, Disaster management, Environmental management, Floods, Fires, Hurricanes, Counting circuits, Diseases, Petroleum, Degradation. Abstract: Environmental Disaster Monitoring and Impact Assessment as well as Management (EDMIAM) are concerned with: "handling" of disasters (Floods /Hurricanes/Fires etc) through data collection by sensors, timeliness delivery to processing centers and dissemination for situation awareness and managing the counter actions. Some of the meant environmental services are: flood mapping and monitoring, forest fire mapping and early warning, forest & agricultural disease mapping, oil spill monitoring, estimation of long-term land degradation as well as disaster management & mitigation. This paper is dedicated to clarifying the role of "space" in the domain of data collection process (covering the spatial and temporal sampling) as well as impact assessment (through processing, visualizing, correlating, interpreting, predicting etc.) and disseminating information and management actions. Due to the wide extent of the environmental phenomena, coordinated efforts and worldwide organizations and networks incorporating satellites are "essential" in such application. Hence, an overview of the necessary infrastructure (whether or not implemented) is given along with a call for filling the gaps and "harmonizing" the present facilities through interface improvements and means of bridging differences in various systems front ends (frequencies, modulations and formats). |
12,916 | Please write an abstract with title: High efficient 2.4GHz band high power rectenna with the direct matching topology, and key words: Rectennas, Impedance, Rectifiers, Bridge circuits, Topology, Antenna measurements. Abstract: This paper describes the direct matching topology of high efficient rectenna in high power operation. In the conventional rectenna, insertion loss of the matching circuit is a main contributor for rectenna's efficiency degradation. The direct matching topology with the inductive folded dipole antenna and the bridge diode is proposed to remove the matching circuit with loss. The developed 2.4 GHz band rectenna with the proposed topology achieves rectification efficiency of 80.9% at 27 dBm, even without odd order harmonics' reactive termination. This is top performance with commercial-based Si-SBDs. |
12,917 | Please write an abstract with title: Ellipticity controlled high-order harmonic generation in 2D materials, and key words: Semiconductor lasers, Crystals, Lasers and electrooptics, Frequency conversion, Electrooptical waveguides. Abstract: High harmonic generation (HHG) in a single-atomic-layer non-centrosymmetric semiconductor is investigated experimentally for different driving laser field polarizations. The ellipticity enhanced even-order HHG for certain crystal orientations reveals linked laser and valley polarizations. |
12,918 | Please write an abstract with title: A new method to account for STATCOM losses in power flow analysis, and key words: Automatic voltage control, Load flow analysis, Power system modeling, Load flow, Voltage control, Power system reliability, Control systems, Reactive power control, Power system security, Power system control. Abstract: Power flow analysis of power systems with STATCOM is reviewed. A new method for the power flow calculation of a power system with STATCOM operating in voltage control mode is introduced. Unlike the common practice where the real power loss of STATCOM is ignored, the proposed procedure accommodates this loss by including the equivalent resistance of the STATCOM in power flow calculation. The new method is applied for the IEEE 30-bus test system. The results show that the proposed method possesses excellent convergence characteristics. |
12,919 | Please write an abstract with title: An improved image denoising algorithm based on weighted adaptive local bounds, and key words: Image denoising, Additive noise, Noise reduction, Wavelet coefficients, Signal processing algorithms, Signal processing, Noise level, Image restoration, Adaptive signal processing, Educational institutions. Abstract: In this paper, we tackle the problem of image denoising. Given an image distorted by additive noise of unknown probability distribution, the intensity difference between the distorted and the original unknown images must be bounded. This idea is exploited here and we design a series of weighted adaptive local bounds based on local intensity information, such as the mean, variance, median and etc. The proposed method is tested and compared with other standard techniques, such as wavelet thresholding, for image denoising. Apart from the simplicity of implementation, the results are very encouraging, as far as both visual quality of the denoised images and quantitative metrics of improvement are concerned. More importantly it provides simultaneous denoising of mixed noise, which is not obtainable by using single conventional denoising methods. |
12,920 | Please write an abstract with title: Up in the air! Trace-gas sensing aboard flying platforms, and key words: Spectroscopy, Sensitivity, Laboratories, Europe, Sensors, Gas lasers, Reliability. Abstract: Mid-infrared laser spectroscopy is a proven technology for reliable and high-precision gas sensing. With the advent of state-of-the-art laser sources, a large variety of analytical techniques has been developed, significantly extending the area of applications beyond the laboratory environment. Yet, full portability and downscaling remained a significant challenge, especially when selectivity, sensitivity and precision were to be preserved. |
12,921 | Please write an abstract with title: Cooperative Attack Detection of Power CPS based on Feature Relation Graph Convolutional Network, and key words: Training, Network topology, Cyber-physical systems, Feature extraction, Topology, Communication networks, Monitoring. Abstract: Cooperative attack is a main threat to power cyber-physical system, which has a high success rate and strong destructiveness. The existing detection methods are limited by a single data type, so it is difficult to detect the combination of cooperative attacks and take defensive measures. In this paper, we propose feature relation graph convolutional network for cooperative attack detection by means of extracting the feature relationship and power node topology relationship. In this method, the power monitoring system data and the communication network data are fused to improve the efficiency of cooperative attack detection. Compared with graph convolutional network, the training time of the proposed method is reduced by 67.78%-94.60% and the detection accuracy is improved by 0.65%-3.41%. |
12,922 | Please write an abstract with title: Fast error-correcting circuits for fault-tolerant memory, and key words: Fault tolerance, Delay, Circuit testing, Costs, Decoding, Error analysis, Random access memory, Semiconductor memory, Semiconductor device testing, Production. Abstract: This work explores the design and analysis of an error-correcting circuit as applied to high density and low latency memories, especially NOR Flash and DRAM. In very high density semiconductor memory products, exhaustive testing and repair procedures are essential to insure the proper operation of every memory location under worst possible conditions and can account for a significant portion of the total production cost. The implementation of error-correcting circuits in conjunction with other currently-used methods for designing more fault-tolerant high density memory could allow for more simplified testing procedures after memory fabrication and significantly reduce the overall cost. Also, error-correcting circuits could increase the reliability of the memory and extend its lifetime. This paper illustrates one possible implementation of error-correcting circuits, in the form of a Hamming decoder. Clocking was accomplished with asynchronous pulse generators to ensure fast cycle times and minimal decoding delay. These circuits were designed to show that error correction can be achieved with minimal additional circuitry, system complexity, power consumption and latency. |
12,923 | Please write an abstract with title: An industrial point of view on control teaching and theory, and key words: Industrial control, Design engineering, Control systems, Industrial relations, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Aerodynamics, Uncertainty, Control theory. Abstract: This paper presents some ideas on the relation between the unified discipline of control as taught in the university and the differentiated practices of control as they are developed in different industries. |
12,924 | Please write an abstract with title: Predicting Bridge Damage During Earthquake Using Machine Learning Algorithms, and key words: Bridges, Earthquakes, Soil, Sustainable development, Task analysis, Regression tree analysis, Random forests. Abstract: The more the magnitude of the earthquake, the more is the damage. During an earthquake, the mobility of the soft soil gets augmented and because most of the bridges are built on soft soil, there are even more chances of the bridge behaving like a ship in the sea. The stability of the bridges is the most crucial task to avoid all disasters. Many bridges collapse during earthquake because their mobility, and sustainability cannot stand the magnitude of the earthquake. In this paper, we have proposed a method to predict whether a bridge will sustain damage or not after an earthquake by using factors like magnitude of the earthquake, distance to epicenter of the bridge, bridge type, material used to make bridge and many more, using many classification algorithms like Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, XGBoost, and KNN. This prediction in turn will help to improve bridge sustainability during an earthquake, which in turn will help in saving many lives. |
12,925 | Please write an abstract with title: NOMA-Enabled Backscatter Communications: Toward Battery-Free IoT Networks, and key words: Backscatter, NOMA, Radio frequency, Internet of Things, Taxonomy, Security, Wireless communication. Abstract: A new wireless era beckons, giving rise to novel communication techniques to support the services and demands foreseen for the coming decades. One such revolutionizing technique intended to enable the Internet of Things (IoT) is backscatter communication. Simply employing backscatter communication may not be enough to efficiently connect the massive number of devices in the IoT network. To achieve this feat, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques have been merged with backscatter communications. Although NOMA-enabled backscatter communication is expected to significantly improve the low-powered IoT system, the benefits come with several challenges. In this article, we show that NOMA-enabled backscatter communication has the potential to connect a large number of IoT devices in a battery-free manner. To begin, this article provides the basics on backscatter communication and NOMA techniques. Next, a taxonomy and gap analysis of the studies on backscatter communication is provided. Then novel use cases for NOMA-enabled backscatter communication are detailed, and a case study for smart farming using the overall data rate of backscatter sensor devices employing power-domain NOMA is presented. Finally, we discuss some interesting and potential research challenges to the realization of massive IoT networks using NOMA-enabled backscatter communication. |
12,926 | Please write an abstract with title: Demonstration-Efficient Inverse Reinforcement Learning in Procedurally Generated Environments, and key words: Training, Atmospheric modeling, Conferences, Reinforcement learning, Games, Benchmark testing, Task analysis. Abstract: Deep Reinforcement Learning achieves very good results in domains where reward functions can be manually engineered. At the same time, there is growing interest within the community in using games based on Procedurally Content Generation (PCG) as benchmark environments since this type of environment is perfect for studying overfitting and generalization of agents under domain shift. Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) can instead extrapolate reward functions from expert demonstrations, with good results even on high-dimensional problems, however there are no examples of applying these techniques to procedurally-generated environments. This is mostly due to the number of demonstrations needed to find a good reward model. We propose a technique based on Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning which can significantly decrease the need for expert demonstrations in PCG games. Through the use of an environment with a limited set of initial seed levels, plus some modifications to stabilize training, we show that our approach, DE-AIRL, is demonstration-efficient and still able to extrapolate reward functions which generalize to the fully procedural domain. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique on two procedural environments, MiniGrid and DeepCrawl, for a variety of tasks. |
12,927 | Please write an abstract with title: A Portable Design of Image Timing Acquisition System Based on Raspberry Pi, and key words: Power demand, Image communication, Reliability engineering, Real-time systems, Timing, Servers, Security. Abstract: China has a vast territory and beautiful scenery. In order to realize real-time image acquisition and transmission, a portable real-time image transmission system based on Raspberry Pi is proposed in this paper. Compared with traditional image transmission system, this designed system has advantage such as low power consumption and portability. Based on Linux operating system, Raspberry Pi open source hardware platform is developed as the image acquisition server. The designed device is equipped with large-capacity batteries as well as solar charging panels which can supply uninterrupted electric energy for the portal system. Landscape photos can be taken and sent to the user terminal by email by using GPS positioning and 4G communication module. By contrast, the remote control of the device can be also realized by sending instructions from the user terminal. The experiment proves that the system can be stable and normal operation, high reliability, the system for different scenes, DIY design different functions. Remote image acquisition system can be widely used in unattended, home security, personal protection and other remote monitoring fields. |
12,928 | Please write an abstract with title: Personalized Road Networks Routing with Road Safety Consideration: A Case Study in Manchester, and key words: Smart cities, Sociology, Routing, Safety, Vehicle dynamics, Statistics, Smart phones. Abstract: Urban road congestion is getting worse with the increasing population and car ownership. Traditional solutions, such as increasing road capacity and dynamic control and adaptation of traffic lights, rely heavily on infrastructure support, which limits their wider adoption and practicality. Vehicle navigation systems, such as Google Maps, TomTom, and AutoNavi, are widely used due to the popularization of smartphones. However, these systems normally provide routes with either shortest travel distance or fastest current travel speed, without any consideration of the drivers' route preferences. For example, the safety level of a road is also very important as it often leads to non-recurring congestion that is more difficult to avoid. In this paper, we propose, implement, and test a personalized routing application that allows end-users to flexibly adjust their route preferences among travel distance, estimated travel time, and the safety level. We present the validation results of our application using a realistic dataset from the city of Manchester in England. |
12,929 | Please write an abstract with title: Scheduling of MPI-2 one sided operations over InfiniBand, and key words: Delay, Throughput, Message passing, Power system modeling, Processor scheduling, Computer science, Application software, Scientific computing, Concurrent computing, Workstations. Abstract: MPI-2 provides interfaces for one sided communication, which is becoming increasingly important in scientific applications. MPI-2 semantics provide the flexibility to reorder the one sided operations within an access epoch. Based on this flexibility, in this paper we try to improve the performance of one sided communication by scheduling one sided operations. We have come up with several re-ordering and aggregating schemes to achieve better network utilization. We have evaluated these schemes on both PCI-X and PCI-Express platforms. With re-ordering scheme, we see an improvement in the throughput up to 76%, latency up to 40%. With aggregation scheme, we observe an improvement of 44% and 42% for MPI/spl I.bar/Put and MPI/spl I.bar/Get latency respectively on PCI-Express platform. |
12,930 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of object-oriented modeling tools to design the logic control system of a packaging machine, and key words: Object oriented modeling, Logic design, Control system synthesis, Packaging machines, Application software, Manufacturing systems, Specification languages, Unified modeling language, Software engineering, Computer industry. Abstract: The paper presents the results of an application of object-oriented modeling techniques to design manufacturing systems logic controllers. In particular, the semantical aspects of specification languages like UML and Statecharts, widely used in many software engineering methods, are analysed and discussed, with regard to their adequacy for the industrial domain and their verification with formal methods. The paper ends with the description of a practical case of study, which shows that the proposed design and verification techniques can be successfully adopted in a real industrial framework, given domain-specific adaptation of object-oriented modeling languages |
12,931 | Please write an abstract with title: A Metric for Assessing, Comparing, and Predicting the Performance of Autonomous RFID-Based Inventory Robots for Retail, and key words: Robots, Measurement, Radiofrequency identification, Task analysis, Navigation, Robot sensing systems, Complexity theory. Abstract: Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is being widely adopted by retailers due to its accuracy, versatility, and reduction of operational costs. Most commonly, RFID in retail is used for taking frequent and accurate inventories of items in the stores. Usually, RFID inventories use handheld RFID devices, which makes the task tedious, costly, and prone to human errors. More reliable, fully automatic alternatives exist, such as smart shelves, overhead RFID antennas, and RFID-equipped robots. Among them, robots seem to be the preferred choice by retailers with large stores. However, retailers need an objective way to compare the different options for inventory solutions and to calculate the return on investment of each of them before they make an investment decision. In this article, we present a metric for assessing, comparing, and predicting the performance of autonomous RFID-based robots in retail stores. The metric is based on a theoretical model of both the store and the robot, and predicts the performance of a given robot when inventorying a specific store. The metric also allows to compare the performance of different RFID robots in different stores. The metric has been developed using experimental data and has been validated in a real store. |
12,932 | Please write an abstract with title: Word Clouds in the Wild, and key words: Visualization, Humanities, Image color analysis, Semantics, Data visualization, Tag clouds, Journalism. Abstract: Word clouds are frequently used to analyze and communicate text data in many domains. In order to help guide research on improving the legibility of word clouds, we have conducted a survey of their usage in Digital Humanities academia and journalism. Using a modified grounded theory approach, we sought to identify the most common purposes for which word clouds were employed and the most common visual encodings they contained. Our findings indicate that font size, color, and word placement dominate as the primary data-encoding channels, as we hypothesized. Perhaps more surprisingly, we found that asking viewers to perform analytical tasks with word clouds was relatively common, especially in DH sources. This suggests that research into the interactions of these visual encoding channels (particularly in regards to legibility) is warranted. |
12,933 | Please write an abstract with title: Phoneme Mispronunciation Detection By Jointly Learning To Align, and key words: Training, Dictionaries, Fuses, Signal processing, Feature extraction, Multitasking, Acoustics. Abstract: Phoneme mispronunciation detection plays an important role in Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Training. Traditional methods either rely on phone recognition, which has the limitation of incapability of detecting mispronounced phonemes out of the dictionary, or the need of external phoneme alignment for extracting acoustic features. In this paper, we propose a method for phoneme mispronunciation detection by jointly learning to align. Specifically, we first obtain acoustic and canonical phoneme representations utilizing acoustic and phoneme encoders. Second, we utilize an attention mechanism to fuse acoustic features of each frame and phoneme representations. Finally, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based layer following the fused representations is utilized for better exploring local context. The network is jointly optimized for phoneme mispronunciation and phoneme alignment based on a multi-task learning framework. Experimental results based on a public dataset L2-ARCTIC show the state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance with an F1-score of 63.04%. It is also found that optimizing the phoneme alignment can further improve the performance of phoneme mispronunciation detection. |
12,934 | Please write an abstract with title: EtherNETvsEtherNOT, and key words: Ethernet networks, Protocols, High performance computing, Multiprocessor interconnection networks. Abstract: A panel will discuss how data centers and high performance computing systems currently use two main classes of interconnection networks. Those based on the Ethernet protocol (EtherNET) and those with proprietary protocols (EtherNOT means Infiniband, Infiniband variants such as PathScale and Cray XD1, Quadrics, Myricom, etc.). While Ethernet can be considered a commodity product, other specialized systems can achieve better performance and can scale to configurations of several thousands of nodes, for example, by providing special support for collective communication. The panel will discuss the pro and cons of both approaches, and attempt to predict future trends in high-performance networking. |
12,935 | Please write an abstract with title: Developing a concepts-based physiology curriculum for bioengineering: a VaNTH project, and key words: Physiology, Biomedical engineering, Taxonomy, Educational technology, Guidelines, Biology, Curriculum development, Educational products, Employment, Collaborative work. Abstract: Physiology is recognized as a core topic for biomedical engineering but the physiology courses taught to bioengineering students vary widely in scope and depth from institution to institution. As part of the NSF-sponsored VaNTH Engineering Research Center in Bioengineering Educational Technologies curriculum project, a group of bioengineering, physiology, and learning science faculty have been developing a physiology taxonomy that could guide curriculum development. The initial efforts focused on a systems-based taxonomy but we have now changed to a concepts-based taxonomy that will be cross-referenced with topics taught in system physiology courses. The final product will include resources for developing a learner-centered bioengineering physiology curriculum. |
12,936 | Please write an abstract with title: Designer, and key words: Visualization, Terminology, Switches, Games, Explosions. Abstract: The designer’s main choice in creating a storyworld is to choose its type. The designer can employ different narrative types for guiding the interactor to make impact on the story progression. This chapter looks at the design process first from the perspective of making a concept for the storyworld, and the iterative process that the designer has to go through. It considers ways of evaluating the ‘quality’ of the designed storyworld. Adaptation for interactive stories means creating a translation between the media. The designer’s creative process is highly iterative and ideally with rapid feedback. The chapter presents two considerations for the designer of interactive storyworlds. These include: focalization, and story as message. The designer has three broad approaches – linear narratives, branching narratives, and open narratives – to choose from and can then refine it to fit in with the storyworld. The iterative design process requires suitable software tools. |
12,937 | Please write an abstract with title: A Machine Learning Based Approach for Next-Day Photovoltaic Power Forecasting, and key words: Predictive models, Forecasting, Neurons, Support vector machines, Biological neural networks, Training, Data models. Abstract: In this paper we propose a different strategy to produce a 24-hours ahead PV power forecasts. The main idea consists in developing a set of simple univariate models based on Least square Support Vector Regression (LsSVR), each of the developed models will forecast the PV power of each 30 minutes of the next day. To compare LsSVR results and also to demonstrate the generic aspect of the proposed strategy, we use the Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) as benchmark model. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed approach using publicly available PV power database from Ausgrid utility. |
12,938 | Please write an abstract with title: A Proficient Load Balancing Using Priority Algorithm In Cloud Computing, and key words: Cloud computing, System performance, Load management, Virtual machining, Time factors, Reliability, Task analysis. Abstract: Presently maintaining the load is the most challenging issue for a researcher in a cloud environment. In the IT sector, cloud computing is offering a variety of resources and free resources based on robust technology and Internet access in cloud computing. Users can also keep doing, gives a very reliable and inexpensive. Therefore, users of cloud computing are now evolving for every department of the organization, government and education for increased use of cloud services. Then, when they come in a variety of user demand for cloud resources, we can use load balancing technology to meet user needs. The use of the load balancing process is useful for distributing load over load to another node to adjust. The aim of load balancing is to balance virtual machines that should not be under load or overload. In this paper, propose two algorithms for the balance of load balancing algorithm including the workload of cloud system. In our work, there are basically low load systems and virtual machine demand will increase. The minimum finish time would be to put everything on one virtual machine and see the lowest number of high priority virtual machines. Improvements will be made to the importance of our research system, better use of resources and reduced full-time. Propose paper want the ClaudSim cloud platform to use a simulator. Also use unit response time in a VM as a metric, full implementation, and operation. Events demonstrate the features of the proposed algorithm running in a virtual machine to be used on experimental scale and for better application performance as possible. |
12,939 | Please write an abstract with title: Miniaturization of biomedical micromachines, and key words: Minimally invasive surgery, Medical diagnostic imaging, Medical treatment, Surges, Endoscopes, Biological system modeling, Numerical models, Numerical simulation, Humans, Medical services. Abstract: The growth of minimally invasive surgery and therapy (MIT and MIS) has generated strong need for smaller and smaller medical tools with enhanced diagnostic capabilities and high dexterity. The design of micromachines for MIS and MIT requires the application of criteria. of biomedical microengineering. It is not possible to simply scale down a macro-machine because we have to consider that the scaling laws of different forces have a different rate, thus changing their relative magnitude in the microdomain. As a consequence, common physical intuition has to be substituted or supported by theoretical modelling and numerical simulations. Biomedical micromachines have to strictly interact with the human body and the understanding of the biomechanical properties of tissues is of paramount importance for the appropriate design of a micromachine. In this paper, we outline some design concepts and present some physical cases of biomedical micromachines. |
12,940 | Please write an abstract with title: Cell-Free Massive MIMO-OFDM for High-Speed Train Communications, and key words: Massive MIMO, OFDM, Rail transportation, Uplink, Fading channels, Wireless communication, Symbols. Abstract: Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems show great potentials in low-mobility scenarios, due to cell boundary disappearance and strong macro diversity. However, the great Doppler frequency offset (DFO) leads to serious inter-carrier interference in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology, which makes it difficult to provide high-quality transmissions for both high-speed train (HST) operation control systems and passengers. In this paper, we focus on the performance of CF massive MIMO-OFDM systems with both fully centralized and local minimum mean square error (MMSE) combining in HST communications. Considering the local maximum ratio (MR) combining, the large-scale fading decoding (LSFD) cooperation and the practical effect of DFO on system performance, exact closed-form expressions for uplink spectral efficiency (SE) expressions are derived. We observe that cooperative MMSE combining achieves better SE performance than uncooperative MR combining. In addition, HST communications with small cell and cellular massive MIMO-OFDM systems are compared in terms of SE. Numerical results reveal that the CF massive MIMO-OFDM system achieves a larger and more uniform SE than the other systems. Finally, the train antenna centric (TA-centric) CF massive MIMO-OFDM system is designed for practical implementation in HST communications, and three power control schemes are adopted to optimize the propagation of TAs for reducing the impact of the DFO. |
12,941 | Please write an abstract with title: Coherent THz Emission Produced in Plasma by Transversely Modulated Colliding Laser Beams, and key words: Particle beams, Laser theory, Semiconductor lasers, Radiation detectors, Power lasers, Transforms, Laser excitation. Abstract: Plasma is considered as a perspective nonlinear medium for generating narrow band terahertz (THz) pulses of high power because of its ability to maintain long-lived oscillations with extremely high electric field amplitudes. Since emission occurs at harmonics of the plasma frequency ω p ~n 1/2 , varying a value of plasma density allows one to easily change the radiation frequency in a wide range, thereby covering most of the THz band. An effective way to excite intense plasma oscillations is the injection of a short laser pulse into a plasma. By pushing plasma electrons away, a laser pulse forms a wake wave behind. Generated by such a mechanism in homogenies plasmas are predominantly longitudinal plasma waves which cannot be further converted into vacuum electromagnetic emission. One of the ways to transform laser energy to THz emission energy is nonlinear interaction of counter propagating laser wakefields. These wakes should have differing profiles of electrostatic potential and produce intense radiation at the doubled plasma frequency 1 , 2 . In the case of Gaussian laser beams, this condition as well as the existence of optimal beam size limit the ability to use the most powerful laser systems with high energy contents. In this work, we study whether the efficiency of the scheme can be kept high if focal intensities of thick laser beams with high absolute energies are modulated in transverse directions with the period close to the optimal size of thin Gaussian beams. Theoretical and particle-in-cell simulation studies on THz generation via the collision of thick laser beams focused by axicons will be reported. |
12,942 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy-Aware Non-Preemptive Task Scheduling With Deadline Constraint in DVFS-Enabled Heterogeneous Clusters, and key words: Graphics processing units, Task analysis, Energy consumption, Voltage, Scheduling algorithms, Voltage control, Kernel. Abstract: Energy conservation of large data centers for high performance computing workloads, such as deep learning with Big Data, is of critical significance, where cutting down a few percent of electricity translates into million-dollar savings. This work studies energy conservation on emerging CPU-GPU hybrid clusters through dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). We aim at minimizing the total energy consumption of processing a batch of offline tasks or a sequence of real-time tasks under deadline constraints. We derive a fast and accurate analytical model to compute the appropriate voltage/frequency setting for each task, and assign multiple tasks to the cluster with heuristic scheduling algorithms. In particular, our model stresses the nonlinear relationship between task execution time and processor speed for GPU-accelerated applications, for more accurately capturing real-world GPU energy consumption. In performance evaluation driven by real-world power measurement traces, our scheduling algorithm shows comparable energy savings to the theoretical upper bound. With a GPU scaling interval where analytically at most 36% of energy can be saved, we record 33-35% of energy savings. Our results are applicable to energy management on modern heterogeneous clusters. |
12,943 | Please write an abstract with title: Real-time LiDAR-based Semantic Classification for Powerline Inspection, and key words: Reflectivity, Geometry, Point cloud compression, Laser radar, Poles and towers, Vegetation, Object segmentation. Abstract: Powerline inspection requires extracting accurate measurements of the distances between powerlines and between vegetation and powerlines and electrical towers. Existing automatic powerline inspection methods using manned helicopters, Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) vehicles, or quadrotors obtain these distances offline, days after LiDAR data gathering, using complex algorithms that prevent their online computation. This paper presents an efficient online processing scheme for unsupervised segmentation for powerline inspection using LiDAR-only data. It receives each point cloud from the LiDAR and outputs clusters of points classified into categories Powerlines, Towers, Vegetation, and Soil. Unlike existing approaches, our method relies on a combination of reflectivity and geometry, which simplifies object segmentation and enables online onboard execution. The method was experimented in sets of powerline inspection flights in environments with different conditions and vegetation. The proposed method succeeded in providing suitable online object segmentation involving 56% lower computational cost than existing learning-based methods. |
12,944 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Influence Maximization-based Dynamic Forwarding Node Selection Scheme in SDVNs, and key words: Social computing, Heuristic algorithms, Simulation, Neural networks, Routing, Delays, Vehicle dynamics. Abstract: Software-Defined Vehicular Network (SDVN) has attracted considerable research attention as it can provide more efficient networking performance by decoupling the control plane from the data plane. However, in SDVNs, the flow table calculated based on the static graph can lead to inefficient routing. Besides, it is very challenging to select the relay nodes within the dynamic vehicular networks. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel influence maximization-based dynamic forwarding node selection scheme (IM-DOS) for SDVNs. Influence maximization is a social computing technique for selecting the node of a graph for spreading information to reach as much nodes as possible. Here, we tackle the dynamic influential node selection problem of SDVNs by involving the time-constrained influence maximization (Trim) function from social society and learning-based prediction of link-duration, where this problem is NP-hard. We use the changing rate of distance, velocity, acceleration, location, direction, and graph information of the vehicle as input of Neural Networks to predict the links-duration. The link duration is also involved to guarantee that we can select the relay nodes with maximized impact and reduced overload. The extensive simulation demonstrated our scheme outperforms its counterparts, in terms of end-to-end delay and delivery ratio. |
12,945 | Please write an abstract with title: Geographically Weighted Spatial Unmixing for Spatiotemporal Fusion, and key words: Spatiotemporal phenomena, Spatial resolution, Remote sensing, Earth, Artificial satellites, Uncertainty, Data integration. Abstract: Spatiotemporal fusion is a technique applied to create images with both fine spatial and temporal resolutions by blending images with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Spatial unmixing (SU) is a widely used approach for spatiotemporal fusion, which requires only the minimum number of input images. However, ignorance of spatial variation in land cover between pixels is a common issue in existing SU methods. For example, all coarse neighbors in a local window are treated equally in the unmixing model, which is inappropriate. Moreover, the determination of the appropriate number of clusters in the known fine spatial resolution image remains a challenge. In this article, a geographically weighted SU (SU-GW) method was proposed to address the spatial variation in land cover and increase the accuracy of spatiotemporal fusion. SU-GW is a general model suitable for any SU method. Specifically, the existing regularized version and soft classification-based version were extended with the proposed geographically weighted scheme, producing 24 versions (i.e., 12 existing versions were extended to 12 corresponding geographically weighted versions) for SU. Furthermore, the cluster validity index of Xie and Beni (XB) was introduced to determine automatically the number of clusters. A systematic comparison between the experimental results of the 24 versions indicated that SU-GW was effective in increasing the prediction accuracy. Importantly, all 12 existing methods were enhanced by integrating the SU-GW scheme. Moreover, the identified most accurate SU-GW enhanced version was demonstrated to outperform two prevailing spatiotemporal fusion approaches in a benchmark comparison. Therefore, it can be concluded that SU-GW provides a general solution for enhancing spatiotemporal fusion, which can be used to update existing methods and future potential versions. |
12,946 | Please write an abstract with title: Slimebot: A Modular Robot That Exploits Emergent Phenomena, and key words: Robots, Emergent phenomena, Morphology, Control systems, Real time systems, Mechanical systems, Scalability, Physics computing, Distributed control, Fault tolerance. Abstract: This paper discusses a fully decentralized algorithm able to control the morphology of a two-dimensional modular robot called “Slimebot”, consisting of many identical modules, according to the environment encountered. One of the significant features of our approach is that we explicitly exploit “emergent phenomena” stemming from the interplay between control and mechanical systems in order to control the morphology in real time. To this end, we particularly focus on a “functional material” and a “mutual entrainment”, the former of which is used as a spontaneous connectivity control mechanism between the modules, and the latter of which plays as the core of the control mechanism for the generation of locomotion. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can induce “protoplasmic streaming”, which allows us to successfully control the morphology of the modular robot in real time according to the situation without losing the coherence of the entire system. |
12,947 | Please write an abstract with title: Applicability of mobile agents to quality of service management for military digital avionics systems, and key words: Mobile agents, Quality of service, Quality management, Aerospace electronics, Military computing, Real time systems, Laboratories, Filtering, Resource management, Asset management. Abstract: Describes a general infrastructure to develop mobile Guardian Agent applications, which can provide increasingly complex functionality with acceptable levels of QoS for military digital avionics systems. Given that the Guardian Agent approach will be pursued as the de facto standard for integrating Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI)-like functionality on future and legacy military digital avionics systems, solutions must be developed to deal with the shift in computational complexity and load that needs to be accommodated by strategic assets or other potential host nodes. If such solutions are not developed, strategic assets could eventually become as resource constrained as their tactical counterparts. |
12,948 | Please write an abstract with title: Information Support Systems of Electric Power Industry Personnel Based on Augmented Reality Technology, and key words: Augmented reality, Personnel, Accidents, Monitoring, Glass, Substations, Companies. Abstract: The department "Relay Protection and Automation of Energy Systems" of NRU "MEI" is developing a specialized software and hardware complex (SHC) which is capable to provide operating personnel with information about the state of the facility primary and secondary equipment in real time while being out of their automated working space. This paper describes the creation of the complex, debugging its operation, solutions aimed at automating the process of "learning" hardware recognition, and also provides cost calculations. |
12,949 | Please write an abstract with title: Hidden Extreme Multistability and Initial Offset-boosting of Fract ional Order Hyperchaotic Map, and key words: Discrete-time systems, Chaotic communication, Europe, Bifurcation, Boosting, Encryption, Complexity theory. Abstract: At present, hidden dynamics and extreme multistability of fractional order systems are around much interest from researchers. In this paper, by utilizing the fractional $\mu$-Caputo operator a simple fractional order hyperchaotic map is introduced. What interest us is that the newly presented map has no equilibrium points and a line of equilibrium depending on the value of bifurcation parameters, which indicate that it can produce hidden attractors. For the different fractional order values and system parameters, the dynamics of the fractional order map is studied. It is verified that the new model undergoes doubling route to chaos. Furthermore, by varying the initial condition of the second state and selecting appropriate system parameters, the initial offset boosting phenomena is first discovered. This dynamic behaviour indicate that the system also has hidden multistability. The dynamic of this model is experimentally investigated via bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits and Lyapunov exponent. |
12,950 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of the Methodology for Assessing the “Production Quality Factor” for the Failure Rate Model of Artificial Earth Satellites Electronic Means, and key words: Production, Q-factor, Standards, Reliability, Manufacturing, Satellites, Earth. Abstract: This paper presents the methodology for assessing the <; <; production quality factor>> for the failure rate model of electronic means (EM) of artificial earth satellites (AES) in the design. The use of a quality management system (QMS) and activities regulated by regulatory and technical documentation (RTD) for the creation, production and operation is a distinctive feature of the proposed methodology. Implementation consists in applying an ontological approach to the formation of the questionnaire for subsequent expert evaluation for external and internal audits. The methodology allows to timely identify the advantages and disadvantages of a specific event, approved by the dependability program and specified in a certain section of the RTD, including QMS. The methodology let it possible to increase the effectiveness of the numerical evaluation when the target level of dependability indicators is achieved, also, to enhance the of the AES EM system and relieves the manufacturing organization from the procedure for additional tests. It is planned to use the developed methodology at the enterprises of the rocket and space industry and in private non-state manufacturing companies of the small AES. |
12,951 | Please write an abstract with title: Multipath Ghost Recognition for Indoor MIMO Radar, and key words: Radar, MIMO radar, Geometry, Radar imaging, Doppler effect, Radar antennas, MIMO communication. Abstract: Multipath is a challenging problem for radar-based localization systems, especially in indoor scenarios. Multipath is caused by the bounces from static objects like walls and furniture in the room creating false alarms (“ghosts”) in target detections. Although solutions for the multipath effect have been proposed for a range of radar sensing problems, the specific case of multipath recognition and mitigation for a colocated multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar remains unsolved. For MIMO radar, the different direction-of-arrival (DoA) and direction-of-departure (DoD) angles inhibit the use of beamforming with a virtual array for localizing the first-order ghosts. Additionally, the prior knowledge of the multipath geometry model (room layout and boundary) is not always accessible. Classical ray tracing methods to resolve multipath are hence, not practical. In this work, we exploit a linear relationship between the target and multipath ghosts in the range-Doppler map to propose a Hough-transform-based multipath recognition solution. The algorithm does not require prior multipath geometry information and applies to the various indoor environments for an MIMO radar. Simulation and measurement results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. |
12,952 | Please write an abstract with title: The CAR Approach: Creative Applied Research Experiences for Master’s Students in Autonomous Platooning, and key words: COVID-19, Education, Safety, Automobiles, Robots, Creativity, Autonomous vehicles. Abstract: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are crucial robotic systems that promise to improve our lives via safe, efficient, and inclusive transport–while posing some new challenges for the education of future researchers in the area, that our current research and education might not be ready to deal with: In particular, we don’t know what the AVs of the future will look like, practical learning is restricted due to cost and safety concerns, and a high degree of multidisciplinary knowledge is required. Here, following the broad outline of Active Student Participation theory, we propose a pedagogical approach targeted toward AVs called CAR that combines Creativity theory, Applied demo-oriented learning, and Real world research context. Furthermore, we report on applying the approach to stimulate learning and engagement in a master’s course, in which students freely created a demo with 10 small robots running ROS2 and Ubuntu on Raspberry Pis, in connection to an ongoing research project and a real current problem (SafeSmart and COVID-19). The results suggested the feasibility of the CAR approach for enabling learning, as well as mutual benefits for both the students and researchers involved, and indicated some possibilities for future improvement, toward more effective integration of research experiences into second cycle courses. |
12,953 | Please write an abstract with title: Web Accessibility Analysis on Government of India Websites based on WCAG, and key words: Tools, Government, Guidelines, Browsers, Color, W3C. Abstract: Information technology has become a part of day to day life. In every part of day to day information technology has its intervention. Government activities and services are also part of this digital revolution. Many of the Governments around the world had already provided the services in digital form and some are in the process of change. That means the services offered by Government are available through web-applications and websites and users do not go to physical offices to avail these services. These users include those as well who are differently abled and need specific help to perform tasks. These disabled users are mostly ignored while developing digital applications. So, there are lot of websites where these specially challenged people are not able to do usual work as per expectation. This study evaluates Web Accessibility compliance and provides over all report on how Government of India's websites are developed to handle World Wide Web Consortium's Web Accessibility standard. Here reports have been generated based on tools and Web Content Accessibility Guideline (WCAG) 2.0 are followed. After analyzing accessibility scores and issues, the result says, websites of government of India still need lot of improvement to reach standard web accessibility standard. |
12,954 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Wire Lifter of Transmission Line Straight Tower Based on Intelligent Motion Controller, and key words: Power transmission lines, Microprocessors, Wires, Poles and towers, Memory modules, Maintenance engineering, Reliability engineering. Abstract: Under the action of long-term uneven hook tension and various working conditions, the ground wire of overhead transmission line is easy to cause many hidden dangers of ground wire and suspension clamp. In the process of maintenance, it is difficult to lift the ground wire and there are potential safety hazards during operation. This paper only analyzes and improves the four-wire hook lifter used in the live replacement of linear insulator strings on 110 ~ 500 kV transmission lines, and puts forward the structural design scheme of embedded intelligent motion controller which uses microprocessor to control the motion control chip MCX314AL. In this paper, firstly, the requirements of motion controller are analyzed, the goals that can be achieved are defined, and the final overall design is determined. The development and application of this tool simplifies the operation process, reduces the workload of operators, improves the work efficiency and ensures the safety. |
12,955 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal periodic control: The π test revisited, and key words: Optimal control, Testing, Steady-state, Digital filters, Switching circuits, Circuit analysis, Circuit synthesis, Signal synthesis, Geophysical signal processing, Petroleum. Abstract: The paper examines second-order conditions for both steady-state and dynamic optimality in a periodic control problem. It centers on the π condition of Bittanti, Fronza, and Guardabassi [2] and has three main objectives: 1) to form a π "test" for a somewhat more general problem than considered in [2]; 2) to point out that certain auxiliary conditions must be added if the results of [2] are to be valid; and 3) to explore more fully the relationships between second-order conditions for steady-state optimality and second-order conditions for optimality in the dynamic problem. |
12,956 | Please write an abstract with title: Cognitive Conformal Antenna Array Exploiting Deep Reinforcement Learning Method, and key words: Phased arrays, Antenna arrays, Receiving antennas, Antenna measurements, Beam steering, Training, Radar antennas. Abstract: A cognitive antenna array, which is designed by using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed in this article to adapt to the complex electromagnetic environment. Specifically, the phased array antenna is utilized as the manipulatable component to achieve the characteristic of beam steering with the help of the DRL algorithm. We begin by establishing a DRL-based framework, which is comprised of a microprogrammed control unit, power divider, digital phase shifter, and the patch antenna array. In the DRL algorithm, the desired beam steering is obtained through trial-and-error interactions with the environment, which is required to observe predefined rewards based on the current state and action. Next, the system is trained to perform beam steering, and a set of hyperparameters of the deep neural network are obtained and stored for practical usage. A good agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured radiation patterns of the planar phased array antenna, which validates the DRL-based phase distribution regulation algorithm. Finally, the algorithm is implemented in the design process of a conformal phased array antenna, and it is shown that the measured radiation performance of the array is satisfactory for different beam scan angles. |
12,957 | Please write an abstract with title: Modelling of crack propagation in welded structure using a separated phase-field approach, and key words: Welding, Computational modeling, Aluminum alloys, Mathematical models, Numerical models, Residual stresses, Plastics. Abstract: In this study, a separated phase-field procedure has been utilized to model crack propagation in compact tension (CT) specimen machined from the pre-welded structure. The influence of the attained welding residual stresses and plastic strains on the crack propagation has been investigated. Herein, the residual stress values measured experimentally have been taken from the scientific literature while the plastic strains have been estimated using the hardening law. The phase-field (PF) framework has been implemented into finite element (FE) software Abaqus and Fortran via user subroutines. All the numerical computations have been done using plane strain assumption. It was observed that the presented PF approach can properly model crack propagation through the welded structure. |
12,958 | Please write an abstract with title: Real Time Parking System Algorithms, and key words: Smart cities, Buildings, Real-time systems, Internet of Things, Automobiles, Artificial intelligence, Information technology. Abstract: The notion of a smart city has recently gained momentum around the world. Citizens of smart cities can get more advantages and improve the quality of their lives. They can communicate with their city in an automatic way. Modern smart cities present real possibilities for solving current issues of human life. Modern technology has the ability to collect huge amounts of information from a wide range of sources, transfer it in a safe way and process it in a smart and effective method. One of the aspects of a smart city is smart parking. This paper proposes algorithms to guarantee the even distribution of people in parking lots in order to avoid a crowd of people in any one parking lot. |
12,959 | Please write an abstract with title: Structural Rehabilitation on Continuous Post-Tensioned Prestressed Concrete Box-Girder Bridge Exposed to Explosion: A Case Study, and key words: Bridges, Slabs, Structural beams, Steel, Concrete, Explosions, Tendons. Abstract: This paper focuses on a case study of a fourspan continuous prestressed concrete box-girder bridge that developed extensive damages to the deck and webs in two successive spans due to an explosion by a trailer charged with high explosive materials. The eight cell box-girder bridge is connecting Baghdad city with the other southern provinces of Iraq. The bridge is 166 m long, the deck and soffit slab widths are 20.5 m and 16.3 m, respectively, and the overall cross-sectional depth is 1.30 m. The importance of this structure from economic and traffic points of view has made it impossible to think of the total replacement. Accordingly, the possibility of the replacement of the four spans was ruled out due to the tedious nature of the process, the time and cost. The main two goals of the study were how to keep the prestressing effect and how to compensate the continuity in the nondamaged spans. To achieve these goals, mechanism for restraining was implemented directly at each cross-sectional web of a span at a pier location. Also, a strengthening of the two non-damaged spans of the box-girder bridge was performed by installing a series of steel plate strips at the top concrete fibers of the deck slab and bottom concrete fibers of the soffit slab. This approach improved the stress distribution in the deck and maintained the original load resistance mechanism provided by the prestressing arrangement in the box-girder. |
12,960 | Please write an abstract with title: What Makes the Best Chip-Scale Photonic Sensor?, and key words: Optical waveguides, Photonics, System-on-chip, Spectroscopy, Optical fiber sensors. Abstract: We provide a detailed account regarding the design rationales of different essential components of a photonic chip-based sensing system: the sensing element, the light source, and the light analyzer or spectrometer. |
12,961 | Please write an abstract with title: Managing Tropospheric Ducting Effect in Mobile Networks Using Unsupervised Machine Learning, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Monitoring, Microprocessors, Computer architecture, Indexes, Machine learning, Meteorology. Abstract: Self-optimized networks continue to gain more immense importance by mobile network manufacturers and operators. Obtaining optimized operation with minimum human intervention contributes to better customer satisfaction and enhanced cost efficiency. Deep learning is commonly applied to achieve self-optimization by intelligently interpret patterns of network-statistics and develop action plans that achieve optimum performance. In this paper, we apply deep neural networks to develop a novel machine learning system that performs automatic coverage-tuning to optimize performance under tropospheric ducting condition. In a live-trial, our algorithm was set to monitor 180 site that include clusters of different configuration (Sub-urban, rural and roads). Our system improves the spectrum efficiency under the external effects like weather and our trial show enhancement of 40\% in call drops as per a detected cell's data. |
12,962 | Please write an abstract with title: Simulations and Experiments of Electron Beams Pre-Modulated at the Photocathode, and key words: Electron beams, Cathodes, Free electron lasers, Laser modes, Laboratories, Optical pulses, Chemical lasers, Laser beams, Laser theory, Acceleration. Abstract: The University of Maryland and the Source Development Laboratory at Brookhaven National Laboratory have been collaborating on a project that explores the use of electron beam pre-modulation at the cathode to control the longitudinal structure of the electron beam. This technique could be applied to creating deliberate modulations which can lead to the generation of terahertz radiation, or creating a smooth profile in order to suppress radiation. This paper focuses on simulations that explore some of the pre-modulated cases achieved experimentally. |
12,963 | Please write an abstract with title: An Analytical Model for Performance Evaluation of Network Traffic Analysis Systems, and key words: Analytical models, Telecommunication traffic, Traffic control, Performance analysis, Laboratories, System testing, Costs, Computer networks, Gold, Telecommunication standards. Abstract: Simulation models have been developed in order to foresee characteristics of networks, systems or protocols when doing tests in laboratories are very expensive or even impossible. This paper presents a simulation model of a multiprocessor network traffic analysis system. The model, which is based on closed networks of queues, evaluates the efficiency of the system depending on the hardware/software platform features. Therefore, this model is able to estimate performance early in the design and development stages simulating a multiprocessor architecture in charge of analysing network traffic. The goodness of the model is checked by comparing analytical results with practical ones obtained in laboratory using a traffic analysis system that runs in a multiprocessor platform |
12,964 | Please write an abstract with title: Assessment of Process Parameters in the Optimization of the Metal Sheet Electromagnetic Forming Process, and key words: Analysis of variance, Process control, Metals, Electromagnetics, Actuators, Mathematical models, Electron tubes. Abstract: In this study, a statistical methodology using design of experiments (DoE) and the response surface methodology (RSM) is employed to optimize the electromagnetic forming (EMF) process of sheet metals with a flat spiral coil according to desirable constraints by choosing optimal process parameters and predicting the electrical and mechanical responses. Regression equations were used to carry out the optimization criterion considering the conditions for the maximum workpiece height and rise time of discharge current, and the other case included the condition for the maximum peak of discharge current. These optimizations were later validated through experiments that were in agreement with the mathematical model. Regarding the maximization of workpiece height, results showed that the windings number was the most significant parameter, followed by the capacitance and energy. Finally, process design principles for the free bulging of metal sheets by the EMF process are outlined based on experimental and statistical methods. These results can contribute to spreading industrial applications of the EMF process by introducing statistical approaches for target-oriented optimization. |
12,965 | Please write an abstract with title: Development of /sup 3/He MSGC for neutron scattering experiment, and key words: Cathodes, Microstrip, Surface discharges, Electrodes, Anodes, Strips, Neutron spin echo, Helium, Testing, Performance evaluation. Abstract: A microstrip gas chamber (MSGC) suffers from discharges due to surface streamers. To overcome this problem, we have proposed a new patterning approach which utilizes intermediate electrodes between the anode and the cathode. This new multi-grid type MSGC (M-MSGC) realizes high gain and high counting rate capability. Furthermore we proposed another signal readout method to obtain induced signals on the back plane. Floating pads are placed close to the cathode strip on the front surface of an M-MSGC and induced charges are read out via pads. We are now developing an M-MSGC with pad readout for a neutron scattering experiment. /sup 3/He M-MSGC was developed and test measurements have been performed. |
12,966 | Please write an abstract with title: System’s Dependability & Survivability as Local Features of Technical Resilience, and key words: Resilience, Biological system modeling, Standards, Probabilistic logic, Random variables, Stability analysis. Abstract: Purpose: To show that the dependability and survivability of technical systems can be considered together, within the framework of the concept of technical resilience, using unified fuzzy-logical descriptions.Methods: For stand-alone refrigeration supply systems with a reserve of time, several models and methods for jointly taking dependability and survivability into account, with an assessment of the level of stability by the criterion of functional operational risk (FOR), are offered.Result: A joint analysis of the dependability and survivability of technical systems avoids a conflict in the distribution of resources to ensure resilience in general, since the properties of dependability and survivability can conflict with each other.Conclusions: The approach based on the concept of global resilience allows us to expand the initial technical model infinitely, adding descriptions for the economic and organizational systems, which, as applied to the initial technical system, act as over-systems of management. |
12,967 | Please write an abstract with title: Radio interferometers of intermediate type, and key words: Radio interferometry, Frequency, Voltage, Band pass filters, Signal to noise ratio, Delay effects, Receivers, Correlators, Space technology, Stability. Abstract: For certain radio astronomical purposes in which only fringe amplitudes are of interest, it is shown that the correlating interferometer and the postdetection correlation interferometer are extreme ends of a spectrum of interferometer types. Intermediate-type interferometers have a higher signal-to-noise ratio than do postdetection interferometers yet do not require the phase stability of correlation interferometers. |
12,968 | Please write an abstract with title: Extraction of face regions in color image, and key words: Color, Face detection, Skin, Humans, Histograms, Morphological operations, Shape, Backpropagation, Neural networks, Eyes. Abstract: We propose a method to automatically locate the frontal human face regions under a complex background in a color image. The method starts from clustering the color space using the histogram of the detected skin pixels, where the YCrCb color model and HSV color model are used to detect the skin area. Then an opening morphological operation is used to remove the small objects in the background area. Some rules are used to select the candidate face regions according to the shape and size information. Finally, the face regions can be located by using a backpropagation neural network to detect the appearance of two eyes in the candidate face regions. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is efficient. |
12,969 | Please write an abstract with title: Location-Based Discovery and Network Handover Management for Heterogeneous IEEE 802.11ah IoT Applications, and key words: Handover, Low-power wide area networks, Internet of Things, Performance evaluation, Wireless fidelity, Location awareness, Radio access technologies. Abstract: Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) multi-Radio Access Technology (RAT) devices combine features of different low-power network technologies to flexibly manage heterogeneous requirements stemming from various Internet of Things (IoT) applications. IEEE 802.11ah is a novel technology that is envisioned to provide a “bridge” between Wi-Fi and s, thus it has been often considered as one of the supporting technologies in multi-RAT devices. In such multi- RAT scenarios, network discovery and handover procedures need to be utilized for determining the availability of a given technology and managing if the connection to the technology should be initiated. However, traditional discovery and handover procedures, such as beacon listening, have to be performed periodically and, therefore, consume substantial amount of energy, making them unsuitable for battery-powered IoT devices. To address this issue, we present a mechanism that is able to make more optimal discovery and handover decisions by leveraging the physical location information of the multi- RAT devices. We demonstrate how this approach is feasible in performing energy efficient handovers between a technology (NB-IoT) and IEEE 802.11ah based on estimated location. We do that by showing that the location-based procedure substantially reduces the energy consumption of the mobile device compared to the traditional discovery based on periodical listening for beacons, while maintaining comparable duration of the device’s association to IEEE 802.11ah. Moreover, we evaluate the energy and delay overheads caused by the localization service, showing only slight effects on the performance of the mechanism. |
12,970 | Please write an abstract with title: Biomass End-to-End PErformance Simulator: Description of the Ionosphere Module, and key words: Fluctuations, Biological system modeling, Geoscience and remote sensing, Forestry, Faraday effect, Biomass, Delays. Abstract: ESA's BIOMASS Earth Explorer mission aims at providing global above ground forest biomass. Its payload is a UHF synthetic aperture radar. At UHF ionospheric effects, notably the group delay and phase advance, the Faraday rotation, and the intensity and phase scintillations (or rapid fluctuations) are significant and have to be properly modelled to be compensated, to understand the limitations of the proposed technique, and to select the optimum observation conditions. This paper summarizes the structure and main characteristics of the ionospheric module of the BIOMASS end-to-end performance simulator (BEEPS-IOM). |
12,971 | Please write an abstract with title: Early Detection of Parkinson’s Disease Using Deep Learning and Machine Learning, and key words: Machine learning, Parkinson's disease, Feature extraction, Biomarkers, Single photon emission computed tomography. Abstract: Accurately detecting Parkinson's disease (PD) at an early stage is certainly indispensable for slowing down its progress and providing patients the possibility of accessing to disease-modifying therapy. Towards this end, the premotor stage in PD should be carefully monitored. An innovative deep-learning technique is introduced to early uncover whether an individual is affected with PD or not based on premotor features. Specifically, to uncover PD at an early stage, several indicators have been considered in this study, including Rapid Eye Movement and olfactory loss, Cerebrospinal fluid data, and dopaminergic imaging markers. A comparison between the proposed deep learning model and twelve machine learning and ensemble learning methods based on relatively small data including 183 healthy individuals and 401 early PD patients shows the superior detection performance of the designed model, which achieves the highest accuracy, 96.45% on average. Besides detecting the PD, we also provide the feature importance on the PD detection process based on the Boosting method. |
12,972 | Please write an abstract with title: Magnetic Induction Tomography Using Multi-Channel Phase-Domain Transceiver for Structural Health Monitoring, and key words: Magnetic fields, Conductivity, Transceivers, Computational modeling, Magnetic resonance imaging, Carbon, Tomography. Abstract: This article aims to develop a miniaturized magnetic induction tomography (MIT) system with a multi-channel phase-domain transceiver integrated circuit (IC). MIT is an imaging technique using phase shift between a primary magnetic field and induced field caused by the conductivity of a target object. Due to the weak strength of time-varying magnetic field, it is difficult to differentiate the magnetic field interaction. In particular, if the conductivity of the target object is low, the induced field is too small to identify the phase difference. The magnetic dipole model is applied to modeling the MIT system and analyzing performance. The model offers an effective means to analyze and visualize magnetic field interaction in multi-channel by the sum of magnetic dipoles. Then, a multi-channel MIT detection device is developed to include the phase-domain transceiver for automatic high-resolution phase measurement and wireless connectivity, achieving enhanced power efficiency and miniaturization. Finally, the multi-channel MIT system is applied to identify the various sizes of cracks on carbon fiber rods. The sensitivity of the system is analyzed by imaging the cracks by multi-channel measurement. The results show that the multi-channel MIT system can be successfully miniaturized and perform the nondestructive test (NDT). |
12,973 | Please write an abstract with title: Medicinal Plant Classification using Convolutional Neural Network and Transfer Learning, and key words: Performance evaluation, Computer network reliability, Transfer learning, Computer architecture, Feature extraction, Mobile handsets, Reliability. Abstract: Medicinal plants are not only an essential source of therapeutic compounds but also an alternative source of medications used by most people around the world. Due to recent advances in computer vision, plant identification from images has become a rapidly developing research field. Various results showed good accuracy, precision, and real-world applications. This paper aimed to investigate an accurate and precise automated identification of medicinal plants. We present a new medicinal plant dataset containing images of ten (10) classes of medicinal plant species and one (1) class containing a mixed variety of weeds, vines, and non-medicinal plants. Then we proposed a model based on MobileNetV3 architecture for a low-cost, reliable, and efficient medicinal plant classification. Using the proposed model and Transfer Learning, results revealed a 97.43% accuracy on the challenging task. Overall, the findings revealed the feasibility of an efficient and reliable medicinal plant classifier for real-world applications. |
12,974 | Please write an abstract with title: AI-driven Human-centric Control Interfaces for Industry 4.0 with Role-based Access, and key words: Knowledge engineering, Technological innovation, Virtual assistants, Speech recognition, Machine learning, Smart homes, Fourth Industrial Revolution. Abstract: Nowadays, we are accustomed to using voice virtual assistants in Smart Home contexts or to ask for instructions. The potential that this technology presents has been growing, however, and even with the transition to Industry 4.0, these capabilities are significantly unexplored in industrial environments. In these contexts of high automation, human operators will have more sophisticated interventions, being supported and collaborating with intelligent systems to execute operations and receive information dynamically and proactively. The goal of this work is to introduce areas such as Machine Learning, in order to recognize the user by his or her voice, and the Intent Based Networking area, which allows the orchestration of the network through intents, a type of policy that expresses objectives without mentioning how they are implemented. The system will use Machine Learning models to recognise and provide permissions to users that, depending on the permissions, will implement policies over the network. Since specific knowledge about networks is not generally known, this technology has made it easier for the user to orchestrate the network using voice commands. |
12,975 | Please write an abstract with title: T-Rank:A Lightweight Spectrum based Fault Localization Approach for Microservice Systems, and key words: Location awareness, Measurement, Couplings, Cloud computing, System performance, Production, Tools. Abstract: The cloud-native system is shifting from traditional monolithic architecture to microservice architecture because of loosely coupling, better maintainability and availability, faster deployment, and richer ecology brought by it. Except for these advantages, it still has an inevitable weakness–the communication over RPC (Remote Procedure Call) between services makes the system performance more unpredictable. Moreover, the complex interactions amongst services make it hard to reveal the root cause of performance issues. To address this challenge, we propose a lightweight spectrum-based performance diagnosis tool, named T-Rank. T-Rank provides the ranked suspicious score in a list of microservices to localize root causes with very few resources. We demonstrate the high accuracy and the low cost of T-Rank by conducting experiments with the data collected from a real-world production microservice system. Moreover, comparison results show that T-Rank outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches. |
12,976 | Please write an abstract with title: Multiple EffNet/ResNet Architectures for Melanoma Classification, and key words: Training, Computational modeling, Melanoma, Predictive models, Skin, Medical diagnosis, Medical diagnostic imaging. Abstract: Melanoma is the most malignant skin tumor and usually cancerates from normal moles, which is difficult to distinguish benign from malignant in the early stage. Therefore, many machine learning methods are trying to make auxiliary prediction. However, these methods attach more attention to the image data of suspected tumor, and focus on improving the accuracy of image classification, but ignore the significance of patient-level contextual information for disease diagnosis in actual clinical diagnosis. To make more use of patient information and improve the accuracy of diagnosis, we propose a new melanoma classification model based on EffNet and Resnet. Our model not only uses images within the same patient but also consider patient-level contextual information for better cancer prediction. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model achieved 0.981 ACC. Furthermore, we note that the overall ROC value of the model is 0.976 which is better than the previous state-of-the-art approaches. |
12,977 | Please write an abstract with title: A magnetometer for the pioneer venus orbiter, and key words: Magnetometers, Venus, Magnetic fields, Planetary orbits, Planets, Space vehicles, Magnetic circuits, Data processing, Data mining, Data communication. Abstract: A magnetic field experiment was designed to be placed in orbit around the planet Venus by the Pioneer Venus Orbiter spacecraft. The experiment system employs three fluxgate magnetometer circuits and a novel digital data processing section that extracts useful magnetic field data for both high and low data transmission rates. |
12,978 | Please write an abstract with title: A survey of ground wave propagation conditions in South Africa, and key words: Earth, Ions, Conductivity, Terrestrial atmosphere, Surface waves, Atmospheric waves, Receivers. Abstract: The theory of ground wave propagation and the determination of effective ground conductivity by field strength measurements are discussed. The field strength survey of South Africa, at frequencies below 1 mc/s, is described. The results are presented in the form of a map showing the effective ground conductivity at 500 kc/s, and a curve showing the average relation between ground conductivity and frequency. |
12,979 | Please write an abstract with title: ODMDEF: On-Device Multi-DNN Execution Framework Utilizing Adaptive Layer-Allocation on General Purpose Cores and Accelerators, and key words: Graphics processing units, Predictive models, Computational modeling, Task analysis, Kernel, Analytical models, Hardware. Abstract: On-device DNN processing has been common interests in the field of autonomous driving research. For better accuracy, both the number of DNN models and the model-complexity have been increased. To properly respond to this, hardware platforms structured with multicore-based CPUs and DNN accelerators have been released, and the GPU is generally used as an accelerator. When multiple DNN workloads are sporadically requested, the GPU can be easily oversubscribed, thereby leading to an unexpected performance bottleneck. We propose an on-device CPU-GPU co-scheduling framework for multi-DNN execution to remove the performance barrier precluding DNN executions from being bounded by the GPU. Our framework fills up the unused CPU cycles with DNN computations to ease the computational burden of the GPU. To provide seamless computing environment for the two different core types, the framework formats each layer execution according to the computational methods supported by CPU and GPU cores. To cope with irregular arrivals of DNN workloads, and to accommodate their fluctuating demands for hardware resources, our framework dynamically selects the best fit core type after making a comparative judgement between the current availabilities of the two core types. During the core selection time, offline-trained prediction models are utilized to get precisely predicted execution time of the issued layer. Our framework mitigates the fact that even the same DNN models can have large performance deviations due to the nature of the process scheduler of the underlying OS which is GPU-agnostic. In addition, the framework minimizes the memory copy overhead inevitably occurring in the data synchronization phase between the heterogeneous cores. To do so, we further analyze GPU-to-CPU and CPU-to-GPU data transfer cases separately, and then apply the solution that best suits each case. For multi-DNN inference jobs with the NVIDIA Jetson AGX Xavier platform, our framework speeds up the execution time by up to 46.6% over the GPU-only solution. |
12,980 | Please write an abstract with title: Some comments on steam turbine development and practice, and key words: Turbines, Rotors, Blades, Steel, Springs, Layout, Wheels. Abstract: The progress of the steam turbine has been dealt with by many eminent authors, and latterly much has been said of the higher steam conditions and achievements of large units. |
12,981 | Please write an abstract with title: Approximation maximum likelihood detector for V-BLAST systems, and key words: Maximum likelihood detection, Detectors, Maximum likelihood estimation, Iterative algorithms, Receiving antennas, Signal processing algorithms, Transmitting antennas, MIMO, Transmitters, Space technology. Abstract: An approximation maximum likelihood detector for vertical Bell Laboratories layered space-time (V-BLAST) systems is present in this paper, which is based on multistage processing. A classical sequential detector (OSIC), zero forcing, or low complexity square root algorithm is adopted to get the initial estimation of the transmitted data, after that, we utilize a novel iterative search algorithm to further refine the result. This scheme first determines the position of some important bits in the estimated data that significantly affect the mean square error (MSE), then a maximum likelihood search is performed at these finite positions. This procedure is iteratively performed for approximation maximum likelihood (ML) detection with a few bits changed in each cycle. Numerical results shows that the proposed scheme achieves either practically optimal performance or a performance only a fraction of a decibel away from the optimal maximum-likelihood detector with a significant reduction in the complexity, compared with the Viterbi algorithm based on the full trellis diagram. |
12,982 | Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid log shield, and key words: Electromagnetic barrier, Timber logs, Moisture content, Surface roughness, Model simulation. Abstract: This paper aims at the characterisation of a highly sustainable barrier made of circular section timber of low industrial processing, for electromagnetic shielding purposes. The considerable amount of electromagnetic radiation discharged on the ecossystem as consequence of the increasing number of mobile devices and telecommunications services, enforce electromagnetic shielding along with the existing acoustic shielding. Preferably, electromagnetic and acoustic shielding barriers should be made of low cost, environment friedly and ecologic materials. To this extent, studies on the feasability of using wooden poles to deploy such barriers are presented in this paper. The parametrisation of wooden poles moisture content (MC), bending, surface roughness and distance between poles, is analysed in order to assess the optimal configuration for electromagnetic shielding (or transparency) capabilities of the barrier, in the frequency range of 0.7 to 5.9 GHz. Simulation results indicade that, manipulating the barrier structure (e.g. pole inter distance) will change the electromagnetic behaviour of the barrier and, thus, its frequency selective shielding characteristics. |
12,983 | Please write an abstract with title: Fuzzy measures and integrals for evaluating strategies, and key words: Game theory, Decision making, Artificial intelligence, Character generation, Computational efficiency, Learning, Fuzzy sets, Fuzzy set theory, Testing, Decision theory. Abstract: AI techniques have been applied in games since the beginning of the field. Fuzzy measures and fuzzy integrals, a powerful tool for decision making, have potentiality in games for the evaluation of strategies. We explore the use of such soft computing techniques and show their interest in decision making and modeling auctions. We describe the role of fuzzy measures and integrals in decision making and reviews some computational aspects that are important for the application of such methods in real applications. We also gives a short overview on the methods for learning the parameters for these integrals from examples. |
12,984 | Please write an abstract with title: Runge–Kutta Type Discrete Circadian RNN for Resolving Tri-Criteria Optimization Scheme of Noises Perturbed Redundant Robot Manipulators, and key words: Mathematical model, Manipulators, Neural networks, Acceleration, Planning, Optimization. Abstract: In order to resist periodic interfere in robot hardware or environment, a Runge–Kutta type discrete-time circadian rhythms neural network (RK-DCRNN) model is proposed, and investigated to plan the motion of redundant robot manipulators. To achieve the optimal control, a quadratic programming-based acceleration-level hybrid tri-criteria (ALHT) scheme is first designed, which simultaneously minimize the acceleration norm, torque norm, and joint-angle shift-free indices. Second, according to the neural dynamic design method, a continuous-time circadian rhythms neural network model is exploited, and then based on the Runge–Kutta numerical differential method, a discrete-time circadian rhythms neural network model is obtained. Third, the convergence of the proposed RK-DCRNN model is proved by detailed mathematical derivation. Fourth, comparative simulations and physical experiments verify that the proposed RK-DCRNN model can suppress the accumulation of position error in the motion planning of manipulators. |
12,985 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Reinforced Deep RNN–LSTM Algorithm: Energy Management Forecasting Case Study, and key words: Optimization, Forecasting, Training, Prediction algorithms, Load modeling, Load forecasting, Uncertainty. Abstract: In this article, a new hybrid deep learning (DL) algorithm is developed to make a computer-assisted forecasting energy management (EM) system. Applying the Copula function, the Hankel matrix is created for processing gathered automatic metering infrastructure (AMI) load information in the smart network. This processing of the data results in model optimization through the suggested new pooling-based deep neural network (PDNN). Through increased size and variation of AMI data, the suggested PDNN reduces overfitting issues during testing and training. The real-time AMI southern grid data of Tamil Nadu electricity is used as the benchmark. The suggested DL model performs better than the traditional EM forecasting techniques in both mean absolute error and accuracy by 12.7% and 9.5%, respectively. |
12,986 | Please write an abstract with title: Aspects of Traditional versus Virtual Laboratory for Education in Instrumentation and Measurement, and key words: Laboratories, Instrumentation and measurement. Abstract: Nowadays the multimedia tools have an important role in both the management of the lectures and the organization of the course program on instrumentation and measurement. In this new scenario, the virtual laboratory (VL) represents the environment in which the learning activities are performed. Starting from this observation, in the paper an overview of the state of the art of the VL-based education on instrumentation and measurement is given. The fundamental aspects concerning both the software and the hardware to design the VL are examined. Attention it is also devoted to innovative requirements and interesting open questions arising from the large diffusion of the VLs |
12,987 | Please write an abstract with title: Autocorrelation for time series with linear trend, and key words: Technological innovation, Time series analysis, Tools, Market research, Autocorrelation, Informatics, Forecasting. Abstract: The autocorrelation function (ACF) is a fundamental concept in time series analysis including financial forecasting. In this note, we investigate the properties of the sample ACF for a time series with linear trend. In particular, we show that the sample ACF of the time series approaches 1 for all lags as the number of time steps increases. The theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments. Our result helps researchers better understand the ACF patterns and make correct ARMA selection. |
12,988 | Please write an abstract with title: Self-driven constant voltage reset circuit, and key words: Voltage, Circuits, Switches, Clamps, Wire, Magnetic flux, Magnetosphere, Inductance, Magnetic switching, Capacitors. Abstract: This paper presents a reset mechanism, which combines the advantages of the active clamp reset and the traditional third wire reset technique. In this concept the reset voltage is constant similar to the third wire reset, wherein a constant voltage is applied to the transformer during the reset cycle. The technology has several key advantages from the active clamp reset mechanism. The energy contained in the leakage and magnetizing inductance is recycled, and the voltage across the main switch is clamped. In addition to this, the flux trough the transformer is symmetrical to zero and the duty cycle can be higher than 50%, similar to the active clamp circuit. Though this circuit contains most of the active clamp circuit' key features it does not exhibit its limitations. One of the drawbacks of the active clamp circuit is its behavior during transients wherein the duty cycle changes. During transients, until the reset capacitor charges to its optimum level, the voltage across the switch may reach uncontrollable levels. In this reset technique the voltage across the switch is constant regardless of the duty cycle and reacts to transients without any limitations. In addition to this the implementation is very simple; it does not require any additional driving and timing circuits for the reset switch. The reset switch is driven directly form the transformer by a driving winding and the reset voltage can be easily adjusted by a resistor divider. Using this technology a DC-DC converter was implemented, providing 1.2 V @ 20A, from an input voltage range of 36 V to 60 reaching an efficiency of 86% at full load. |
12,989 | Please write an abstract with title: Attentively-Coupled Long Short-Term Memory for Audio-Visual Emotion Recognition, and key words: Emotion recognition, Feature extraction, Visualization, Image segmentation, Hidden Markov models, Tensors, Fuses. Abstract: There have been more and more studies on emotion recognition through multiple modalities. In the existing audiovisual emotion recognition methods, few studies focused on modeling emotional fluctuations in the signals. Besides, how to fuse multimodal signals, such as audio-visual signals, is still a challenging issue. In this paper, segments of audio-visual signals are extracted and considered as the recognition unit to characterize the emotional fluctuation. An Attentively-Coupled long-short term memory (ACLSTM) is proposed to combine the audio-based and visual-based LSTMs to improve the emotion recognition performance. In the Attentively-Coupled LSTM, the Coupled LSTM is used as the fusion model, and the neural tensor network (NTN) is employed for attention estimation to obtain the segment-based emotion consistency between audio and visual segments. Compared with previous approaches, the experimental results showed that the proposed method achieved the best results of 70.1% in multi-modal emotion recognition on the dataset BAUM-I. |
12,990 | Please write an abstract with title: Clinical information processing block of the biotechnological system for latent Diabetes mellitus type 2 detecting, based on the diagnosis of an experienced endocrinologist, and key words: Sociology, Artificial neural networks, Glucose, Diabetes, Mathematical model, Clinical diagnosis, Statistics. Abstract: In the article it is proposed firstly a block of a biotechnological system (BTS) for processing clinical information for the early diagnostics of latent Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). It was based on mathematical models of the intellectual activity of an expert-endocrinologist in identifying latent DM2 (Prediabetes), based on the glycemic data of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and on examples of these data with expert diagnoses. At present this expert method is recognized as the most trustworthy and precision, but unsuitable for mass screening of the population for latent DM2, which is widespread and dangerous due to its late complications. It was analyzed the causes of the failure of our predecessors' attempts to introduce objective methods for diagnosing Prediabetes by non-intersecting intervals of glycemic level (glucose concentration in the blood) in the OGTT clinical data, as well as by non-intersecting intervals of values of various parameters, supposed to be diagnostic. It is shown that proposed by the authors of the article the mathematical models of the intellectual activity of the expert- endocrinologist in the form of an artificial neural network (ANN) and in the form of a logical formula of the propositional algebra allow the diagnosis of the Prediabetes to be carried out at an equally high level. The clarified diagnostic capabilities of these models allow their separate and combined use as part of the corresponding BTS in mass screening investigations of the population of Prediabetes. |
12,991 | Please write an abstract with title: A quantitative comparison of generalized correlator window functions in presence of strong spectral peak for spatially separated sources, and key words: Correlators, Delay effects, Delay estimation, Wideband, Narrowband, Background noise, Maximum likelihood detection, Noise robustness, Signal to noise ratio, Acoustic applications. Abstract: Simulation results are presented to compare the effectiveness of various windowing functions for the generalized correlator when a strong spectral peak or sinusoid is present. In this case, the time delay of the desired source and of the interfering sinusoid are allowed to be different. The results show that all windows except HBII and SCOT deteriorate markedly. These two windows remain robust to the ambiguity problems presented by the sinusoid, independent of whether the spectral peak is included in the signal spectrum or in the noise spectrum. Also, window HBII performs better than SCOT in terms of probability of correct detection, variance of time delay, and SNR threshold. |
12,992 | Please write an abstract with title: Data rate over different applications in 5G and beyond Networks, and key words: Fading channels, Measurement, Wireless networks, Diversity reception, Cooperative systems, Body area networks, Explosives. Abstract: To address the explosive traffic demands, the capacity of the fading channel is increasingly becoming a prime concern in the designing of the wireless communication system. In this paper, we present a survey of the existing work related to the channel capacity (CC) model over various fading channels. With an elaborated explanation of the theory of CC, definitions of CC based on the channel state information are reviewed. Analytical expressions derived for the CC of the fading channels are reviewed based on the complexity of the expressions. To complement this, review of the diversity combining technique to enhance the CC is discussed. We also summarize the work related to CC in various types of wireless networks such as cognitive radio networks, cooperative networks, body area networks, hybrid networks and device-to-device networks etc. We finally cover the future research directions, including less explored aspects of the CC that can be studied to design efficient communication systems. |
12,993 | Please write an abstract with title: Computer modeling of line-track with in-situ sample data in the application of remote sensing technology, and key words: Application software, Remote sensing, Global Positioning System, Biological system modeling, Remote monitoring, Educational technology, Position measurement, Environmental factors, Wildlife, Distributed computing. Abstract: Reliable in-situ sample data is essential to run the remotely sensed (RS) model and to check the RS result. Existing in-situ data collection methods are ruler measurement by manual work or tracking the parcel by high-accuracy Global Position System (GPS). The former is time-consuming and lacks spatial information, while the latter is costly and the GPS signal is not stable. On account of this, the paper develops a new approach named line-track to get reliable in-situ sample data. The main idea can be described as follows: first, we locate the sample by high-accuracy GPS; then we lay sample lines at certain intervals both horizontally and vertically and obtain the percentage of certain objective on each sample line. In the end we calculate the percentage of objective in the sample. This idea is similar to the line transect in ecology, which is used to estimate wildlife densities. By computer modeling, this paper sets up an accuracy assessing model of line-track, and analyzes the variation of the accuracy of line-track under different conditions, such as distribution of objective, the actual percentage of objective in a sample, and the distance of two sample lines. The modeling of line-track demonstrates that the total accuracy of covering of certain objective at the middle percentage, that is from 15% to 85%, is about 97% when the distance of two sample lines is less than twelve meters, and it would be about 95% at high or low percentage when the distance is less than twenty meters. Such results suggest that line-track is reliable to obtain accurate in-situ data due to less dependence on time and cost. The development of the line-track will strongly support the collection of in-situ sample in the application of RS technology. |
12,994 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigating the P300 Response as a Marker of Working Memory in Virtual Training Environments, and key words: Training, Visualization, Electroencephalography, Task analysis, Monitoring, Headphones, Electrodes. Abstract: Conventional performance metrics fail to offer high-resolution evaluation of learning and memory during training tasks; the P300 component of the event-related potential (ERP) is a promising tool for enhancing the assessment of training quality in virtual environments, but this technique is yet to be investigated. A driver training simulator and scenario were developed to explore the capability of the P300 for this purpose. A user study was conducted with 32 participants divided into two groups objectively determined by driving performance scores, thus enabling observations of the P300 response to be equated to varying levels of learning and memory. Participant electroencephalogram data were recorded during the procedure, which was postprocessed to filter and extract ERPs to capture neural responses to specific events in the virtual training scenario. These were combined to produce a result for each participant, which was then grand averaged to create an overall ERP for each group. Across the eight electrode sites, statistically significant differences were found between the grand average waveforms of the two groups, with high memory retention producing significantly greater peak-to-peak amplitude (U = 9.00, p = 0.045), peak latency (U = 0.00, p $<; $ 0.001), and positive area (U = 13.00, p = 0.05) of the waveform than low memory retention. The evidenced relationship between the P300 response and working memory in this context suggests that it has the potential for monitoring learning and memory in stimulus-driven virtual training systems. |
12,995 | Please write an abstract with title: Generating Features of Windows Portable Executable Files for Static Analysis using Portable Executable Reader Module (PEFile), and key words: Codes, Virtual environments, Static analysis, Feature extraction, Malware, Object recognition, Informatics. Abstract: The identification of malicious program at an early stage has been proven to be effective in reducing the chance of malware infection on the device or a system. A common approach to do this is through static analysis. Static analysis examines the source code of portable executable (PE) files without actually executing them. Selecting static features that will be used to for static analysis is an arduous process. To address this issue and in preparation for selecting static features for static analysis, this paper explores the use of PEFILE, a Python-based toolkit to analyze PE scripts. PEFILE is a versatile application that analyze malware files in a virtual environment. Four different datasets of malware packages are investigated using PEFILE. Three different algorithms are used to create the final output, namely 1) Extraction algorithm (Feature Extraction), 2) Selection algorithm (Feature Selection) and 3) Dataset Algorithm (Dataset Creation). The selected features from each malware packages are then compared and analyzed. |
12,996 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Scale Context-Aware R-Cnn for Few-Shot Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images, and key words: Object detection, Detectors, Feature extraction, Sensors, Data mining, Remote sensing, Context modeling. Abstract: In the field of remote sensing image object detection, the popular CNN-based methods need a large-scale and diverse dataset that is costly, and have limited generalization abili-ties for new categories. The few-shot object detection can be driven using only a few annotated samples. Existing few-shot detection methods are mainly designed for natural images, which ignore multi-scale objects and complex environments in remote sensing images. To tackle these challenges, we pro-pose a two-stage multi-scale method based on context mech-anism. Guided by the context-aware module, the multi-scale contextual information around the object is effectively extract and adaptively is combined into the ROI features to enhance the classification ability of the detector, which can reduce the classification confusion. Comparative experiments on public remote sensing image dataset RSOD show the effectiveness of our method. |
12,997 | Please write an abstract with title: Machine Learning-Based Bibliometric Analysis of Systems Thinking Research, and key words: systems thinking, natural language processing, topic modelling, bibliometrics. Abstract: Systems Thinking is a transdisciplinary field for addressing complex systemic issues. However, a unified theory and definition for Systems Thinking do not exist yet. This paper explores the thematic structure of research in this field. Understanding the thematic structure of Systems Thinking research can provide a strategic research agenda. A bibliometric analysis of Systems Thinking research published in journal articles over the past 40 years, using machine learning, extracted the main research topics in the field. Topic modelling and keywords support thematic structure and directions for future research findings. The thematic structure is presented in a network diagram derived from the co-occurrence of the central thematic topics per article. This paper identified that Systems Thinking research focuses on complexity, systems engineering, systems thinking practice, and system dynamics modelling, indicating that research still aims to guide the practical application of Systems Thinking to address complex problems. |
12,998 | Please write an abstract with title: Smart Agricultural Greenhouses for Earthworm Farming, and key words: Smart Agricultural, Greenhouses, Earthworm Farming. Abstract: In this research, the design of the earthworm rearing house was presented. Internet of Things, in which the research has designed houses and various equipment to be designed. The results showed that the traditional way of raising earthworms by walking to check the humidity in the cultured basin by touching and regularly watering compared to using the IOT system to measure the moisture. And there is a notification when the humidity drops below or above the specified threshold. and has an automatic watering system when the humidity is below a specified threshold It was found that the IOT-based method was more productive than the traditional method. |
12,999 | Please write an abstract with title: Study of beam-beam interactions with/without crossing angle, and key words: Production facilities, Laboratories, Frequency, Electrons, Clouds, Computer simulation, Magnetic heads, Jacobian matrices, Linear particle accelerator. Abstract: In recent high luminosity colliders, the finite crossing angle scheme becomes popular to gain the multiplicity of luminosity with multi-bunch or long bunch operation. Success of KEKB showed that it was no problem to achieve the beam-beam. parameter up to 0.05. We have studied the beam-beam interactions with/without crossing angle toward higher luminosity. We discuss how the crossing angle affects the beam-beam parameter and luminosity in the present KEK B factory (KEKB) using computer simulations. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.