ID
int64 0
400k
| content
stringlengths 97
5.85k
|
|---|---|
1,500
|
Please write an abstract with title: Modeling and Implementation of an Adaptive Vehicle Light Management System, and key words: Industries, Adaptation models, Adaptive systems, Tools, Safety, System software, Vehicle dynamics. Abstract: Modern standards in the automotive industry place increasingly demanding terms on the safety of road users. One of the most important segments of road safety is surely the visibility of the road and its surroundings. Poor visibility conditions endanger the safety of all traffic participants and the manufacturers are solving this problem by implementing increasingly advanced lightning systems in vehicles. The main feature of such advanced systems is their interaction with the surroundings of the vehicle and its dynamic adaptation to the driving conditions. This paper presents the process of developing a vehicular adaptive front light control system via several key phases. The key phases are software component (SWC) modelling, communication configuration, program code implementation, simulation and testing of the final product. The system is created according to the Automotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) specification using appropriate methods and tools. Selected functionalities of the developed system represent some of the most commonly used adaptive light management systems today.
|
1,501
|
Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic Psychoanalysis of DC Separately Excited Machine on Laboratory Visualization, and key words: Visualization, Torque, Power system dynamics, Transportation, Transfer functions, Power system stability, Transient analysis. Abstract: Dynamic psychoanalysis of machine is very important in analysis like transient condition or sub transient mode of operation in power system. All parameters and subsystems are equally important as on the basis of control and network system of machines. Nowadays most of the analyses are taken based on simulation however, it is equally important to analyze the system on laboratory visualizations. This article involves the dynamic analysis of DC separately excited machine which is utilized in machine laboratory. Various types of analysis like speed versus armature voltage and torque are demonstrated with straightforward transfer functions and graphical representations. Similarly, armature current versus armature voltage and torque are also validated on hardware. Article represents systematic way to express all analysis and evolutions with basic control and network theorem to make further research on power system stability. It is observed that all analysis carried out on single machine with simplest way and in lucid manner.
|
1,502
|
Please write an abstract with title: Monolithic Picosecond Silicon Pixel Sensors for Future Physics: Experiments and Applications, and key words: Atmospheric measurements, Particle measurements, Detectors, Particle measurements, Space research, Sensors, High energy physics. Abstract: Particle-physics, space research and several other fields of basic and applied science necessitate the production of large area detectors made by a new generation of thin sensors able to provide, at the same time, excellent position and time resolution.
|
1,503
|
Please write an abstract with title: Sensorless control of induction motor with adaptive speed-flux observer, and key words: Sensorless control, Induction motors, Programmable control, Adaptive control, Stators, Current measurement, Mechanical sensors, Sliding mode control, Stability, Low pass filters. Abstract: A novel sensorless controller for induction motor is presented. Indirect field oriented control approach and Lyapunov-adaptive design are exploited for the derivation of the controller and the speed-flux observer constituting the proposed solution. No direct integration of the neutrally stable stator flux dynamics is adopted. Persistency of excitation conditions with clear practical interpretation is derived to guarantee local exponential stability with a defined region of attraction for the proposed approach. Simulation results are provided.
|
1,504
|
Please write an abstract with title: A control strategy for battery energy storage smoothing short-term wind power fluctuation based on ANN, and key words: POWER FLUCTUATION SMOOTHING, ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM, WIND POWER SYSTEM, ADAPTIVE NEURAL NETWORK, WIND POWER PREDICTION. Abstract: With the Grid-connected scale of wind generators increasing, the random fluctuation of wind power has been one of the critical issues for the consumption of wind power. From the perspective of how to use the battery energy storage system (BESS) to smooth the wind power fluctuation, the control scheme for two BESSs using the alternative charging/discharging strategy to smooth the wind power fluctuation is proposed at first. Then, the design method for determining the capacity of the two BESSs based on the statistics of wind power fluctuation is studied. Due to the adaptive neural network (ANN) has the excellent ability in setting up the non-linear mapping between the input and output of the controlled object whose model is difficult for building, the ANN is therefore used to generate the reference command for BES Ss smoothing the short-term and strongly random wind power fluctuation. At the same time, the improved method for adaptively adjusting the weight of neurons based on modifying deviation latch is proposed to improve the accuracy of ANN on predicting the short term wind power fluctuation. Finally, both the feasibility of both the proposed charging and discharging strategy in saving the battery cycle life and the effectiveness of the proposed ANN control strategy in smoothing the short-term wind power fluctuation is validated by simulating in the improved 11-bus wind power system.
|
1,505
|
Please write an abstract with title: Polynomial approximation of Maliuzhinets' function, and key words: Polynomials, Fading, Weather forecasting, Meteorology, Predictive models, Microwave propagation, Probability, Chebyshev approximation, Degradation, Stress. Abstract: Approximate formulas for the Maliuzhinets functions which give the solutions for the wedge diffraction with face impedance, are derived using the Chebyshev polynomials for various wedge angles. The coefficients of the polynomials are listed in a table. Although the formulas are derived for real variables, it is found that they can be used for the restricted range of complex variables. Since the validity of the formulas depends on both real and imaginary part when applied to complex variables, the equi-error contour of the formulas is given for the special case where the exact solution is available. An alternative but empirical formula for Maliuzhinets' functions is also obtained, which can be applied to arbitrary wedge angles.
|
1,506
|
Please write an abstract with title: Modelling Migration: Decisions, Processes and Outcomes, and key words: Analytical models, Uncertainty, Statistical analysis, Psychology, Europe, Gaussian processes, Data models. Abstract: Human migration is uncertain and complex, and some of its distinct features, such as migration routes, can emerge and change very rapidly. Agency of various actors is one key reason for why migration eludes attempts at its theoretical description, explanation and prediction. To address the complexity challenges through simulation models, which would coherently link micro-level decisions with macro-level processes, a coherent model design and construction process is needed. Here, we present such a process alongside its five building blocks: an agent-based simulation of migration route formation, resembling the recent asylum migration to Europe; an evaluation framework for migration data; psychological experiments eliciting decisions under uncertainty; the choice of a programming language and modelling formalisms; and statistical analysis with Bayesian meta-modelling based on Gaussian Process assumptions and experimental design principles. This process allows to identify knowledge advancements that can be achieved through modelling, and to elucidate the remaining knowledge gaps.
|
1,507
|
Please write an abstract with title: Comments on "On deembedding of port discontinuities in full-wave CAD models of multiport circuits" and related comments, and key words: Electromagnetic analysis, Calibration, Coupling circuits, Electromagnetic modeling, Moment methods, Computational electromagnetics, Multiconductor transmission lines, Feeds, Microstrip, Passive circuits. Abstract: For original article by V. I. Okhmatovski, J. D. Morsey and A. C. Cangellaris see ibid vol.51, no.12, p.2355-65, Dec. 2003.
|
1,508
|
Please write an abstract with title: Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation by Pixel-to-Prototype Contrast, and key words: Image segmentation, Computer vision, Shape, Semantics, Prototypes, Estimation, Pattern recognition. Abstract: Though image-level weakly supervised semantic seg-mentation (WSSS) has achieved great progress with Class Activation Maps (CAMs) as the cornerstone, the large su-pervision gap between classification and segmentation still hampers the model to generate more complete and precise pseudo masks for segmentation. In this study, we propose weakly-supervised pixel-to-prototype contrast that can provide pixel-level supervisory signals to narrow the gap. Guided by two intuitive priors, our method is executed across different views and within per single view of an image, aiming to impose cross-view feature semantic consistency regularization and facilitate intra(inter)-class compactness(dispersion) of the feature space. Our method can be seamlessly incorporated into existing WSSS models with-out any changes to the base networks and does not incur any extra inference burden. Extensive experiments manifest that our method consistently improves two strong baselines by large margins, demonstrating the effectiveness. Specifically, built on top of SEAM, we improve the initial seed mIoU on PASCAL VOC 2012 from 55.4% to 61.5%. Moreover, armed with our method, we increase the segmentation mIoU of EPS from 70.8% to 73.6%, achieving new state-of-the-art.
|
1,509
|
Please write an abstract with title: Network Traffic Prediction Based on Double-Synchronized Periodic LSTM, and key words: Training, Adaptation models, Computational modeling, Time series analysis, Fitting, Telecommunication traffic, Predictive models. Abstract: In the prediction of time series, the data scale often changes rapidly or a data series shows periodic mutation trend characteristic. A general prediction algorithm cannot obtain the periodic change information of time series in advance, resulting in a limited prediction effect. Considering this factor, the structural improvement of periodic features in a general prediction algorithm can be more suitable for some real scenarios. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a network traffic prediction model based on double-synchronized periodic LSTM (DSP-LSTM), which can comprehensively consider the good fitting ability of linear model to periodic feature data and the nonlinear prediction characteristic of neural network. The experimental results show that the improved DSP-LSTM model can show a better fitting effect when time series data have periodic trend characteristics. Compared with general prediction algorithm, the DSP-LSTM model can effectively reduce the prediction error of periodic time series, improve the prediction accuracy, and adapt well to the changes of different time series patterns.
|
1,510
|
Please write an abstract with title: Efficient shift of reference data in analog motion estimation, and key words: Motion estimation, Sensor arrays, MPEG 4 Standard, Cellular networks, Cameras, Cellular neural networks, Mirrors, Video coding, Streaming media, Discrete cosine transforms. Abstract: A novel method of shifting data within a cellular nonlinear network is presented. The method utilizes a 3-neighborhood connection and a novel cell type to reduce the error due to the shift. The novel cell type halves the amount of current mirrors needed for each shift. The applications of the method lie in block-based motion estimation of current video coding standards such as MPEG-4 or H.264. With the method the number of shifts for a [-7/spl times/7] motion estimation search area is reduced from seven to three. Simulations of the cell implemented in 0.13 CMOS show a negligible decrease in rate-distortion when compared to conventional MPEG-4 motion estimation. The error is largest when the magnitude of the motion vectors is small.
|
1,511
|
Please write an abstract with title: Detection of Olfactory Stimulus from EEG Signals for Neuromarketing Applications, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Machine learning algorithms, Olfactory, Neuromarketing, Feature extraction, Particle measurements, Electroencephalography. Abstract: In this study, a method is proposed to detect the presence of olfactory stimuli from Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to be used in neuromarketing applications. Odor is used in different ways in neuromarketing applications since it stimulates various emotions. Multi-channel EEG signals were recorded from the volunteers while they were subjected to two open boxes of unscented and scented products in succession. After the necessary preprocessing steps, EEG sub-band powers were calculated for 14 EEG channels. These features were classified using machine learning methods, and the EEG segments in which the olfactory stimulus was present were classified. The results show that the proposed method gives successful results with 92% accuracy, 93% precision, 92% recall, and 92% F1-score using the Random Forest classifier.
|
1,512
|
Please write an abstract with title: Activity Detection in Distributed Massive MIMO With Pilot-Hopping and Activity Correlation, and key words: Coherence, Correlation, Base stations, Massive MIMO, Monitoring, Compressed sensing, Channel estimation. Abstract: Many real-world scenarios for massive machine-type communication involve sensors monitoring a physical phenomenon. As a consequence, the activity pattern of these sensors will be correlated. In this letter, we study how the correlation of user activities can be exploited to improve detection performance in grant-free random access systems where the users transmit pilot-hopping sequences and the detection is performed based on the received energy. We show that we can expect considerable performance gains by adding regularizers, which take the activity correlation into account, to the non-negative least squares, which has been shown to work well for independent user activity.
|
1,513
|
Please write an abstract with title: Object Detection in Degraded Visual Environments using Compressive Sensing, and key words: Visualization, Dictionaries, Scientific computing, Redundancy, Object detection, Compressed sensing, Image reconstruction. Abstract: Compressive Sensing (CS) has proven its ability to reduce the number of measurements required to reproduce images with similar quality to those reconstructed by observing the Shannon-Nyquist sampling criteria. By exploiting spatial redundancies, it was shown that CS can be used in target recovery and object detection. In this paper we propose a method that incorporates an effcient use of CS to locate a specific object in zero-visibility environments. We show that with the use of an over-complete dictionary of the target our technique can perceive the location of the target from hidden information in the scene. This paper will compare previously implemented algorithms with our, list the shortcomings evident in their outputs, explain our setups, detail the differences in dictionary structures, and present quantified results to support its efficacy in the results section.
|
1,514
|
Please write an abstract with title: Rejection of CW Interference in QPSK Systems Using Decision-Feedback Filters, and key words: Interference, Quadrature phase shift keying, Transversal filters, Error probability, Gaussian noise, Performance analysis, Mean square error methods, Transient analysis, Least squares approximation, Algorithm design and analysis. Abstract: In this paper, the performance of QPSK systems using complex transversal filters with additional decision-feedback taps, in the presence of Gaussian noise and a single CW interferer, is analyzed. Both one-sided (with lagging taps) and two-sided transversal filters with additional decision-feedback taps are considered. Analytic expressions for the tap weights and the minimum mean square errors are obtained. The effect of error propagation on the error probability is discussed and an approximate solution for the error probability is obtained. The transient behavior of the filters using the LMS adaptation algorithm is analyzed. It is shown that if the filter is used for rejecting CW interference only, the one-sided decision-feedback filter is preferred.
|
1,515
|
Please write an abstract with title: Distributed acoustic wave sensing in a Brillouin random fiber laser, and key words: Optical fibers, Optical fiber sensors, Scattering, Transfer functions, Optical saturation, Fiber nonlinear optics, Optical fiber communication. Abstract: The distributed acoustic wave is associated with the Brillouin gain buildup and saturation in Brillouin random fiber laser (BRFL). At laser threshold, the probability of optical rogue waves is 2.5 times at maximum gain location of the low gain region, and power saturation appeared above threshold at high gain location.
|
1,516
|
Please write an abstract with title: The effects of diffusion on population gratings and the stability of ring lasers, and key words: Laser stability, Gratings, Ring lasers, Laser modes, Equations, Gas lasers, Laser theory, Atomic beams, Stationary state, Ear. Abstract: We have studied the effects of diffusion on the coupling between counterpropagating modes in a two-level medium in the rate equation limit. The results show that diffusion can greatly decrease saturation gratings in low-pressure gases and could affect the stability of ring lasers.
|
1,517
|
Please write an abstract with title: ZEXE: Enabling Decentralized Private Computation, and key words: Privacy, Cryptography, Protocols, Contracts, Scalability. Abstract: Ledger-based systems that support rich applications often suffer from two limitations. First, validating a transaction requires re-executing the state transition that it attests to. Second, transactions not only reveal which application had a state transition but also reveal the application's internal state.We design, implement, and evaluate ZEXE, a ledger-based system where users can execute offline computations and subsequently produce transactions, attesting to the correctness of these computations, that satisfy two main properties. First, transactions hide all information about the offline computations. Second, transactions can be validated in constant time by anyone, regardless of the offline computation.The core of ZEXE is a construction for a new cryptographic primitive that we introduce, decentralized private computation (DPC) schemes. In order to achieve an efficient implementation of our construction, we leverage tools in the area of cryptographic proofs, including succinct zero knowledge proofs and recursive proof composition. Overall, transactions in ZEXE are 968 bytes regardless of the offline computation, and generating them takes less than 1min plus a time that grows with the offline computation.We demonstrate how to use ZEXE to realize privacy-preserving analogues of popular applications: private user-defined assets and private decentralized exchanges for these assets.
|
1,518
|
Please write an abstract with title: OCNN: Point Cloud-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Object Orientation Estimation, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Pose estimation, Convolution, Feature extraction, Two dimensional displays, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Convolutional neural networks for pose estimation based on 2D images are severely affected by imaging quality, illumination changes and occlusion, which greatly reduces their reliability and robustness in cluttered scenes. Hence a point cloud based convolutional neural network for orientation estimation(OCNN) is proposed in this paper. With the network, the 3D orientation is estimated by regressing to the rotation matrix. An orthogonality metric loss is introduced to normalize the output rotation matrix. For objects with rotational symmetry, an algorithm for estimating the plane of symmetry and cutting the object is introduced to eliminate orientation ambiguity. Experimental results on LineMOD dataset indicate the accuracy of the angular error below 5° is 94.1%. Combined with advanced point cloud registration algorithms, the network has the potential for real-time orientation estimation.
|
1,519
|
Please write an abstract with title: Inferring transmembrane region counts with hydropathy index/charge two dimensional trajectories of stochastic dynamical systems, and key words: Stochastic systems, Biomembranes, Amino acids, Accuracy, Machine learning algorithms, Hidden Markov models, Equations, Protein engineering, Data mining, Feature extraction. Abstract: A new algorithm is proposed for inferring the number of transmembrane regions of transmembrane proteins from two dimensional vector trajectories consisting of hydropathy index and charge of amino acids by stochastic dynamical system models. The prediction accuracy of a preliminary experiment is 94%. Since no fine-tuning is done, this appears encouraging.
|
1,520
|
Please write an abstract with title: Mental process in humans and exposure to cell-phone radiation, and key words: Humans, Testing, Protocols, Cellular phones, Design for experiments, Laboratories, Microwave devices, Pressing, Keyboards, Cultural differences. Abstract: This paper reports on human exposure to cell-phone microwave fields may affect such mental processes (or cognitive functions) as attentional function, short-term memory tasks, information manipulation, or response-reaction times.
|
1,521
|
Please write an abstract with title: Cask Principle of Multi-Attribute Risk Assessment: Non-Weighted Maximal Approach for Production Accidents, and key words: Accidents, Risk management, Pipelines, Production, Oils, Economics, Safety. Abstract: This paper proposes a non-weighted maximal approach of multi-attribute risk assessment for production accidents, which comes from the Chinese practice of risk management rather than the theoretical weighted multi-attribute approach. The existing literature for risk assessment of pipeline accidents, there is an absence of or lack of explicit consideration of some special dimensions, i.e., environmental pollution as the important derivative disaster. The non-weighted maximal approach is described the maximum function among multiple criteria, which include fatalities, serious injuries, direct economic loss, and environment pollutions. The approach comes from the Chinese government official achievement assessment system with the characteristics of “one ticket veto system for production safety”, and has applied to ex ante assessing likelihood of the accident, and ex post holding the responsible for accidents. At last, applying the case of the Chinese Qingdao oil pipeline accident, the maximal approach is compared with the FN curve criterion, the ALARP principle and the ELECTRE TRI method. The results show that the maximal approach of production safety accident criterion pays more attention to the risk density or risk consequences, which follows the “cask principle” and is much more useful controlling the risk when targeting the vulnerable links of engineering systems.
|
1,522
|
Please write an abstract with title: Boundless Energy: Oriti Committed to Inclusion [Women to Watch], and key words: Leadership, Industry applications, Energy conversion, Power electronics, Gender issues, Engineering profession. Abstract: When Dr. Giovanna Oriti was asked to serve as general chair of the IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) for 2021, she initially declined. "I'm a perfectionist, and I knew this role could be really stressful for me," she recalls. Realizing she would be the first woman to hold this leadership role, however, Oriti changed her mind. "I saw I had a unique opportunity to bring more women into the conference and encourage them to get involved," she explains. Now she holds the distinction of not only being the first woman elected general chair for this conference-one of the largest in its field-but also the first female to hold this leadership position for either of its sponsors, the IEEE Power Electronics Society (PELS) and the IEEE Industry Applications Society (IAS).
|
1,523
|
Please write an abstract with title: Privacy-enhanced SPKI access control on PKIX and its application to Web server, and key words: Access control, Web server, Public key, Authorization, Identity management systems, Privacy, Authentication, Sockets, Internet, Information management. Abstract: Access control using PKIX (Public Key Infrastructure with X.509) may cause a privacy problem. It is caused mainly by the fact that a server can know a client's ID. To solve this problem, we proposed a restricted anonymous access control scheme using SPKI (Simple Public Key Infrastructure). It can make a server provide service to an authorized client. It still has another problem: SPKI is not so popular as PKIX. PKIX has many efficient technologies such like SSL (Secure Socket Layer), but SPKI can't directly use these technologies. In this paper our implementation utilizes the slightest extension of PKIX, namely, we use an X.509 Certificate as an Authorization Certificate and PKIX technologies, i.e. SSL. Therefore, our approach can make some proposed SPKI schemes practical and useful. In this paper the proposed scheme is applied to access control of the Web server. The system demonstrates that it succeeds in adding privacy-enhanced access control to SSL mutual authentication. We also describe and discuss the details of implementations.
|
1,524
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Survey on Machine Learning Algorithms for Applications in Cognitive Radio Networks, and key words: Machine learning algorithms, Heuristic algorithms, Conferences, Dynamic spectrum access, Machine learning, Prediction algorithms, Real-time systems. Abstract: In this paper, we present a survey on the utility of machine learning (ML) algorithms for applications in cognitive radio networks (CRN). We start with a high-level overview of some of the major challenges in CRNs, and mention the ML architectures and algorithms that can be used to alleviate them. In particular, our focus is on two fundamental applications in CRNs, namely spectrum sensing - with non-cooperative and cooperative scenarios, and dynamic spectrum access - with spectrum auction and prediction. We present a detailed study of recent advancements in the field of ML in CRNs for these applications, and briefly discuss the set of challenges in real-time implementation of ML techniques for CRNs.
|
1,525
|
Please write an abstract with title: Research on Grouting Support of Large Pipe Shed Based on the Principle of ADECO-RS Approach, and key words: Force, Soil, Rocks, Stability analysis, Software, Safety, Plastics. Abstract: Choosing a suitable shallow-buried asymmetric tunnel entrance construction plan is the first step in tunnel construction. This paper takes Georgia’s E60 highway 3.0.04-AT tunnel T opening as an engineering case. Two opening construction schemes with or without advanced pipe shed support based on the principle of ADECO-RS approach are compared. The results show that: (1) The pipe roof pre-support can promote the formation of stress arches, improve the force of the advanced core soil and reduce the extrusion deformation; (2) Within the range of about 1 times the hole diameter of the tunnel face, the rate of settlement of the vault is the largest, and the amount of deformation reaches about 80% of the total deformation; (3) The pipe roof pre-support greatly reduces the plastic zone of the surrounding rock and avoids the plastic zone of the surrounding rock at the entrance of the cave from developing to the surface and causing the cave entrance to collapse. Finally, it can be concluded that the use of pipe roof pre-support at the entrance of the tunnel can greatly improve the stability of the surrounding rock and ensure the safety of the tunnel.
|
1,526
|
Please write an abstract with title: Transient behavior of load transformer during subcycle bus transfer, and key words: Circuit faults, Voltage fluctuations, Sociotechnical systems, Switches, Logic, Transient analysis, Voltage control, PSCAD, Fault detection, Digital simulation. Abstract: Fast (subcycle) bus transfer by means of a static transfer switch (STS) requires short time intervals for the detection and transfer process. Due to these time intervals, the load transformer is subjected to a transient process which can be accompanied by large transient current components through the transformer. The transient current, in turn, can cause voltage sag at the load terminal. The STS control logic must be able to distinguish such a voltage sag from those due to the supply disturbances and not disconnected from the load. This paper provides simplified analytical expressions to predict F of the load transformer which can be used to estimate the corresponding voltage sag. The PSCAD/EMTDC-based digital simulation of the actual nonlinear system is also carried out to substantiate the validity of the analytical expressions.
|
1,527
|
Please write an abstract with title: Opportunities and Challenges of Utilizing Additive Manufacturing Approaches in Thermal Management of Electrical Machines, and key words: Manufacturing, Three-dimensional printing, Thermal management, Resistance heating, Metals, Heating systems, Heat sinks. Abstract: The additive manufacturing approach is considered a new manufacturing technology method and is evolving dynamically in recent years. It is advancing and achieving as the key enabling technology in a wide range of applications, from medical sciences to the aerospace and automotive industries. This novel approach opens a new path to overcome the conventional manufacturing problems and challenges by providing more design freedom, new ranges of materials, lightweight and complex geometries. According to demands metrics such as lightweight and high power density motors. This offers clear motivation to develop the advanced thermal management method with new materials and a novel additive manufacturing (AM) approach. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of all the attempts in various electrical machines' thermal management methods using AM method. It considers the opportunities and challenges that designers are facing while implementing these approaches. Finally, the authors make some comments/forecasts on how the AM could improve the performance and manufacturability of the future thermal management system of electrical machines.
|
1,528
|
Please write an abstract with title: Detection of Armature–Rail Contact Instabilities in Electromagnetic Launchers, and key words: Rails, Current measurement, Current distribution, Voltage measurement, Measurement uncertainty, Uncertainty, Railguns. Abstract: This article deals with the detection of asymmetrical current distribution and the inspection of the rail–armature contact during the launch operation of electromagnetic rail launchers. The method puts in relationship electromagnetic quantities and geometric distances adopting search loops in symmetric position to the rails and offers an auxiliary geometrical interpretation representing the mutual inductances between each loop and the railgun by equivalent geometrical loci. For this purpose, we provide an analytical description for a case study with infinitely long straight wires, in the quasi-static approximation. An experimental analysis is carried out in static conditions on a railgun prototype available at the University of Pisa for different positions of the armature. Besides, we report an uncertainty analysis of the obtained measurement results, performed via a Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, we extend our analysis to the case of dynamic experiments performed with two different armatures to further validate the proposed approach.
|
1,529
|
Please write an abstract with title: Compositional Analysis of Interconnected Systems Using Delta Dissipativity, and key words: Lyapunov methods, Interconnected systems, Tools, Statistics, Sociology, Games, Stability criteria. Abstract: This letter extends the notion of delta dissipativity, originally introduced in a game theoretic context, to general interconnections of dynamical systems. The main contribution of this letter is a compositionality result that presents conditions under which a large-scale interconnection of delta dissipative systems is delta dissipative. We adapt this result to also analyze stability and asymptotic stability of equilibrium points for the interconnection. Additionally, we formulate a sum-of-squares program for verifying delta dissipativity of a (polynomial) system. The results are illustrated with examples.
|
1,530
|
Please write an abstract with title: Towards many-to-one neural style transfer method, and key words: Neural networks, Real-time systems, Painting. Abstract: Neural style transfer aims at transforming the artistic style of a painting into a photograph. The classic methods are based on the one-to-one principle, where stylization is performed based on a single style image. In the paper, an approach is proposed that allows transferring the style based on multiple images of the same reference painter multiplied, in addition, by data augmentation. Comparing to the original method, the proposed approach produces visibly better results, and allows for greater flexibility in the transferring process. The proposed many-to-one method is illustrated by an example of transferring the style of two Polish painters using the same content image
|
1,531
|
Please write an abstract with title: A novel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for optimal reactive power dispatch problem, and key words: Evolutionary computation, Reactive power, Constraint optimization, Voltage, Pareto optimization, Clustering algorithms, Power system security, Power systems, Power system management, Petroleum. Abstract: In this paper, a novel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for optimal reactive power (VAR) dispatch problem is presented. The optimal VAR dispatch problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained multiobjective optimization problem where the real power loss and the bus voltage deviations are to be minimized simultaneously. A new Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm (SPEA) based approach is proposed to handle the problem as a true multiobjective optimization problem with competing and noncommensurable objectives. A hierarchical clustering algorithm is imposed to provide the decision maker with a representative and manageable Pareto-optimal set. The results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed approach to generate true and well-distributed Pareto-optimal nondominated solutions in one single run. The results also show the superiority of the proposed approach and confirm its potential to solve the multiobjective VAR dispatch problem.
|
1,532
|
Please write an abstract with title: Non-violation set scheduling for two-dimensional optical MEMS switches, and key words: Microswitches, Fabrics, Micromechanical devices, Optical switches, Delay effects, Mirrors, Heuristic algorithms, Scheduling algorithm, Hardware, Scalability. Abstract: Optical fabrics based on 2D MEMS suffer time-consuming reconfiguration delay. Traditional time slot assignment (TSA) and burst scheduling schemes do not solve the problem effectively. In this letter, we propose a novel non-violation set scheduling scheme, which allows overlap traffic transmission of current schedule with the fabric setup for the next schedule. It makes the switch work as if no reconfiguration delay existed. A dynamic diagonal (DD) algorithm following this scheme shows superior performance. In addition, it runs at much lower time complexity and is readily implemented in hardware.
|
1,533
|
Please write an abstract with title: A low-complexity low-distortion topology for wideband delta-sigma ADCs, and key words: Wideband, Quantization, Circuit noise, Hardware, Circuit topology, Noise reduction, Signal to noise ratio, Calibration, Laboratories, Analog-digital conversion. Abstract: In wideband applications, /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ analog-to-digital converters have to use lower oversampling ratio (OSR) due to technology limits. Higher-order modulators and/or multibit quantization/feedback therefore are utilized to compensate the corresponding signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) loss, which consequently leads to a significant increase in hardware complexity, chip area and power dissipation. Low OSR also increases the ADC's sensitivity to circuit imperfections, which in turn, requires building blocks with higher specifications. In this paper, we present a topology that significantly reduces both the complexity of multibit quantization and the ADC's sensitivity to nonlinear multibit quantization. It can also be used with other low-distortion techniques to reduce total nonideal effects. A technique that reduces the DAC complexity is also proposed.
|
1,534
|
Please write an abstract with title: Design of Optical Gyroscope Based on the Cavity Optomechanics Structure, and key words: Performance evaluation, Sensitivity, Power measurement, Optical design, Volume measurement, Photonic crystals, Bandwidth. Abstract: Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) technologies allow the reduction of mass and manufacture of gyroscopes, which demonstrate the features of small volume, low consumption of power, high trustiness, and easy integration with many applications, as a device for measuring the angular velocity of moving objects. In order to optimize the sensing performance, we designed a new model of a micro-gyroscope based on a photonic crystal optomechanical cavity. The proposed micro-gyroscope has the following functional features, according to modeling results: operating bandwidth 10 Hz, mechanical sensitivity $d y / d \Omega\ \text { of }\ 0.340 \mathrm{~nm} /(^\circ / \mathrm{s})$, optomechanical sensitivity $d \omega_{\text {sense}} / d \Omega$ is $2.09 \mathrm{kHz} /(^\circ / \mathrm{s})$, and measurement range is $\pm 33.12(^\circ / \mathrm{s})$.
|
1,535
|
Please write an abstract with title: Thrust Response and Polynomial Drag Characterization of a USV with Electric Motors, and key words: Propellers, Attitude control, Drag, Life estimation, Mathematical models, Data models, System identification. Abstract: This work describes a methodology to estimate the linear and quadratic drag parameters of a catamaran used as an autonomous platform, while using this information to characterize the generated propulsive forces as a function of the control input, of utmost importance in further motion control implementations on the vehicle. The approach consists of a combination of empirical system identification tests with an uncoupled version of the equation of motion in the surge direction, in order to estimate the total thrust generated. Estimations of drag coefficients and thrust are incorporated in a dynamic model used for simulations to validate the results against test data for different values of thrust within the actual operational range of the vehicle.
|
1,536
|
Please write an abstract with title: Shading in a distributed environment, and key words: Interpolation, Layout, Lighting, Distributed computing, Computer science, Image generation, Light sources, H infinity control, Image reconstruction, Surface reconstruction. Abstract: This work presents a tool for light-shading in a distributed environment. A parallelization method based on a concurrent model is described. The purpose of this work is to lower the image generation time in the complex 3D scenes synthesis process. The experimental results concerning the speedup of light shading algorithm are also presented.
|
1,537
|
Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic modeling and control design for bi-directional DC-DC converter for fuel cell vehicles with battery as energy storage element, and key words: Vehicle dynamics, Control design, Bidirectional control, DC-DC power converters, Fuel cell vehicles, Batteries, Energy storage, DH-HEMTs, Energy management, Equivalent circuits. Abstract: This paper presents an equivalent circuit based small signal model for a bi-directional dual half bridge (DHB) DC/DC converter. This converter is applied in a fuel cell vehicle that uses battery as an energy storage element to provide desired management of the power flows. The developed dynamic model is not only a deeper understanding of the physical insight of DHB topology, but guidance for the regulator design of DHB converter. Circuit measurements are provided to verify the accuracy of the small signal model. The current programmed control effectively removes two poles from the loop gain, which significantly simplifies the design of the feedback network. Finally, a power management control method is proposed to realize cold start and load leveling for fuel cell vehicle propulsion system.
|
1,538
|
Please write an abstract with title: Robust and precise length correction of 25-km fiber for distribution of local oscillator, and key words: Robustness, Local oscillators, Optical fibers, Frequency, Telescopes, Optical interferometry, Optical mixing, Length measurement, Fiber lasers, Phase measurement. Abstract: In order to distribute local oscillators for the phased-array radio telescopes, the cycle-slip free fiber length stabilization system has been developed. The length of the 25-km fiber was precisely measured by the Michelson interferometer with a digital phase frequency discriminator, and the length fluctuation of which was suppressed down to 2.5 /spl mu/m.
|
1,539
|
Please write an abstract with title: GDPR Enforcement, and key words: Privacy, Law, Contracts, Process control, Artificial intelligence, Regulation, Protocols. Abstract: This chapter examines how the rights and responsibilities of the Data Controllers and Processors under General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) can be enforced under the scheme of the regulation. There are four ways to enforce GDPR compliance: through "in‐house" modalities and mechanisms; by approaching the appropriate Supervisory Authority (SA); by going to court; and by having an Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism in place. If the in‐house mechanisms for resolving disputes fail, the next option open to data subjects would be approaching the SA. It is evident that any GDPR complaint or suit can be filed by the data subject directly or through a legal representative/attorney to represent their rights before the SA/court. Two scenarios for exercising judicial remedies against the SA are for appeal and delay. GDPR nowhere prohibits or allows a forum selection clause, leaving a vacuum in answering the issues.
|
1,540
|
Please write an abstract with title: Fine-Grained Vessel Traffic Flow Prediction With a Spatio-Temporal Multigraph Convolutional Network, and key words: Feature extraction, Correlation, Artificial intelligence, Trajectory, Data mining, Predictive models, Learning systems. Abstract: The accurate and robust prediction of vessel traffic flow is gaining importance in maritime intelligent transportation system (ITS), such as vessel traffic services, maritime spatial planning, and traffic safety management, etc. To achieve fine-grained vessel traffic flow prediction, we will first generate the maritime traffic network (which is essentially a graph), and then propose a graph-driven neural network. In particular, to represent various correlations among spatio-temporal vessel traffic flow, we tend to extract the feature points (i.e., starting, way and ending points) by utilizing the knowledge of vessel positioning data. These feature points are essentially related to the geometrical structures of massive vessel trajectories collected from massive automatic identification system (AIS) records, contributing to the generation of maritime traffic network. We then propose a spatio-temporal multi-graph convolutional network (STMGCN)-based vessel traffic flow prediction method by exploiting multiple types of inherent correlations in the generated maritime graph. The proposed STMGCN mainly contains one spatial multi-graph convolutional layer and two temporal gated convolutional layers, beneficial for extracting spatial and temporal traffic flow patterns. The main benefit of our graph-driven prediction method is that it takes full advantage of the maritime graph and multi-graph learning. Comprehensive experiments have been implemented on realistic AIS dataset to compare our method with several state-of-the-art prediction methods. The fine-grained prediction results have demonstrated our superior performance in terms of both accuracy and robustness.
|
1,541
|
Please write an abstract with title: BIBO stabilization of stochastic delay systems with uncertainty, and key words: Stochastic systems, Delay systems, Uncertainty, Time varying systems, Control systems, Lyapunov method, Nonlinear control systems, Robust stability, Large-scale systems, Robustness. Abstract: Employing the Razumikhin technique, we present several criteria of input-to-bounded state stabilization and bounded-input-bounded-output stabilization in mean square for nonlinear and quasi-linear stochastic control systems with time-varying delay and time-varying uncertainties.
|
1,542
|
Please write an abstract with title: A stream-weight optimization method for multi-stream HMMs based on likelihood value normalization, and key words: Optimization methods, Hidden Markov models, Streaming media, Automatic speech recognition, Speech recognition, Maximum likelihood linear regression, Acoustic noise, Maximum likelihood estimation, Computer science, Speech analysis. Abstract: In the field of audio-visual speech recognition, multi-stream HMM are widely used, thus how to automatically and properly determine stream weight factors using a small data set becomes an important research issue. This paper proposes a new stream-weight optimization method based on an output likelihood normalization criterion. In this method, the stream weights are adjusted to equalize the mean values of log likelihood for all HMM based on likelihood-ratio maximization which achieved significant improvement by using a large optimization data set. The new method is evaluated using Japanese connected digit speech recorded in real-world environments. Using 10 seconds speech data for stream-weight optimization, a 10% absolute accuracy improvement is achieved compared to the result before optimization. By additionally applying the MLLR (maximum likelihood linear regression) adaptation, a 23% improvement is obtained over the audio-only scheme.
|
1,543
|
Please write an abstract with title: Spectral regrowth analysis at the output of a memoryless power amplifier with multicarrier signals, and key words: Signal analysis, Spectral analysis, Power amplifiers, Closed-form solution, Frequency, Power system modeling, Phase modulation, Digital modulation, Polynomials, Numerical simulation. Abstract: This paper proposes a closed-form expression of the power spectral density (PSD) at the output of a power amplifier in the case of a multicarrier signal. The amplifier is modelized by a complex polynomial model and is supposed to be memoryless. This expression is validated by numerical simulations.
|
1,544
|
Please write an abstract with title: Ant Colony optimization for Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Capacity and Charging Time Constraints, and key words: Ant colony optimization, Minimax techniques, Benchmark testing, Electric vehicles, Routing, Time factors, Optimization. Abstract: Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) is considerably challenging due to the capacity and electricity constraints of electric vehicles (EVs). Most existing studies on EVRP consider no limits on charging times when optimizing the routes of EVs. However, due to the long time of charging, the charging times of EVs are usually limited due to the urgent service demands of customers. To simulate this practical problem, this paper first formulates the EVRP with both capacity and charging time constraints (EVRP-CC). To tackle this new optimization problem, this paper further devises a two-stage solution construction method for ant colony optimization (ACO) to build feasible solutions to EVRP-CC. Subsequently, we embed the proposed method into five popular and classical ACO algorithms, namely ant system (AS), ranking based ant system (Rank-AS), elite ant system (EAS), max-min ant system (MMAS), and ant colony system (ACS), to solve EVRP-CC. Extensive experiments conducted on several instances generated from the widely used EVRP benchmark set demonstrate that the proposed solution construction method is effective to help ACO to solve EVRP-CC. In particular, Rank-AS with the proposed solution construction method achieves the best overall performance in solving EVRP-CC.
|
1,545
|
Please write an abstract with title: Analytic and Numerical Aspects of the Nonsingular Laplacian Representation of the Asymptotic Part of the Layered-Medium Green Function in the Mixed Potential Formulation, and key words: Electric potential, Laplace equations, Magnetic fields, Green's function methods, Electromagnetics. Abstract: We report on developments in the evaluation of matrix elements of the electric and magnetic field operators involving the asymptotic (large transverse wave-number or small transverse distances) components of the mixed-potential Green’s function of a layered medium. Subtracting these asymptotic terms significantly accelerates numerical computation of the Sommerfeld-type integrals required in constructing Green’s function and then the matrix elements [1].
|
1,546
|
Please write an abstract with title: Behavioral Feature Analysis For Learner Affect Identification, and key words: Learning systems, Taxonomy, Machine learning algorithms, Support vector machines, Forestry, Education, Uncertainty. Abstract: The paper presents methodology for mapping of learner interaction patterns in virtual learning system to the affective state. A learning activity can lead the learner to confused or confident state of mind. This affective state of learner can be identified by interaction pattern analysis. The examination mode of learning system is designed with questionnaire based on Bloom's taxonomy cognitive levels. We present an approach for establishing relationship between cognitive level test performance of learner and affective state. Various non-intrusive interaction parameters captured during learning activity act as input features. We find that random forest algorithm provides very good accuracy in determining affective state.
|
1,547
|
Please write an abstract with title: Dimensioning Networks of High Degree ROADMs, and key words: Knowledge engineering, Europe, Optical add-drop multiplexers, Optical fiber networks, ITU, Resource management, Next generation networking. Abstract: A network dimensioning scheme is proposed for transparent optical networks equipped with many high degree ROADM cluster nodes. It proactively uses network knowledge to determine the optimum degree of ROADM nodes as demand increases. The results show improved blocking rate and resource utilization in comparison with reactive schemes.
|
1,548
|
Please write an abstract with title: Modeling Interference Effects for Land-Mobile and Air-Mobile Communications, and key words: Interference, Propagation losses, Signal analysis, Frequency, Relays, Performance loss, Mobile communication, Antennas and propagation, Shape, Transmitters. Abstract: Analytic and computer models are presented that can provide an assessment of land-mobile and air-mobile communications performance in interference environments. The results obtained with these models, based on a communications region of operability criterion, include the effects of greater-than-free-space propagation path losses associated with low-elevation signal paths. The analytic models are used to examine the effects of higher order path loss on signal-to-interference contours for single and linearly distributed interference scenarios. The computer model can be used to investigate link performance for interference environments in which the link assets and each source of interference are arbitrarily located in three dimensions. A propagation submodel permits independent calculation of the loss over each link or interference signal path. Computer-generated plots are presented that illustrate the effect of antenna heights and frequency on the shape of the signal-to-interference (S/I) contours. Of particular interest is the effect on link region of operability when either the link transmitter or the sources of interference are at a higher altitude than the other.
|
1,549
|
Please write an abstract with title: Ultra-compact, 0.5-Tb/s parallel-WDM optical interconnect, and key words: Optical interconnections, Optical receivers, Optical transmitters, Optical crosstalk, Optical fiber cables, Lenses, Optical devices, Assembly, Bandwidth, Integrated optics. Abstract: We discuss a 12-fiber /spl times/ 4-wavelength /spl times/ 10.4-Gbit/s short-distance parallel-wavelength-division-multiplexed optical interconnect. The 0.5-Tbit/s transmitter and receiver assemblies each have a 5 /spl times/ 8-mm footprint and together consume 2.95 W.
|
1,550
|
Please write an abstract with title: Area-Efficient and Bias-Flexible Inline Monitoring Structure for Fast Characterization of RTN and Transistor Local Mismatch in Advanced Technologies, and key words: Geometry, Time-frequency analysis, Current measurement, Area measurement, Time measurement, Frequency measurement, Transistors. Abstract: An improved set of Scribe Line Monitors (SLMs) with high device densities have been designed for inline monitoring of Random Telegraph Noise (RTN) and transistor local mismatch. This infrastructure offers increased statistics from measurement on a single wafer with parallel Device Under Test (DUT) testing capability thereby having an efficient testing time. The characterization results from engineering silicon are presented in this paper.
|
1,551
|
Please write an abstract with title: Evidence for stochastic resonance in threshold systems based on mutual information, and key words: Stochastic resonance, Mutual information, Strontium, Noise cancellation, Additive noise, Noise robustness, Additive white noise, Signal processing, Power engineering and energy, Biological system modeling. Abstract: This paper shows how noise can improve how threshold systems process signals and maximize their throughput information. Such favorable use of noise is the so-called "stochastic resonance" or SR effect. We present a theorem that shows that a threshold system can maximize its input-output mutual information for a large class of noise probability densities. The theorem shows that almost all noise probability density functions produce some SR effect in threshold systems even if the noise is impulsive and has infinite variance. We also show that a new statistically robust learning law can find this entropy-optimal noise level. These findings suggest that scientists and engineers should also consider the use of noise in their systems' designs.
|
1,552
|
Please write an abstract with title: RNA-binding protein sequence prediction method based on ensemble learning and data over-sampling, and key words: RNA, Stacking, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Amino acids, Protein sequence, Data mining. Abstract: RNA binding proteins play an important role in the process of post-transcription, identifying special RNA binding domains and interacting with RNA. Although many calculation methods have been proposed, most of them have the problems of insufficient features and unbalanced samples. This paper proposes a Stacking classification model composed of 4 base classifiers and 1 meta classifier. While enriching features, it extracts as much information as possible from different feature expression methods. We use the dipeptide distribution matrix to supplement the missing dipeptide position information in the amino acid composition. The sliding window method is used to balance the positive and negative samples, and the sequence length distribution is more reasonable. The results show that the Stacking classification model has a certain improvement in the accuracy of RNA-binding protein sequence prediction. At the same time, the position information contained in the dipeptide distribution matrix shows more excellent performance than amino acid composition information.
|
1,553
|
Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Viterbi Algorithm for Adaptive Instantaneous Angular Speed Estimation and Its Application Into the Machine Fault Diagnosis, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Vibrations, Estimation, Fault diagnosis, Rolling bearings, Harmonic analysis, Circuit faults. Abstract: It is a very challenging task to diagnose the fault of rotating machinery under variable speed condition. The traditional tacholess order tracking (TLOT) method still has the problems of high computation complexity and low adaptability. Aiming at these problems, a new adaptive instantaneous angular speed (IAS) estimation method based on the improved Viterbi algorithm (VA) and the energy centrobaric correction method is developed. Since the traditional VA cannot process the long time series and find the fundamental order automatically, an improved penalty function for ridge search is proposed. Meanwhile, the search band of IAS is adaptively optimized to accelerate the speed of ridge search. Furthermore, an energy centrobaric correction approach is used for improving the accuracy of instantaneous frequency estimation and the antinoise performance. With the obtained IAS, the nonstationary time-domain vibration signal is resampled as the stationary angle-domain vibration signal by the Vold–Kalman filtering and the Hilbert transform. Finally, the envelope order spectrum is used to diagnose the mechanical faults of a civil aircraft engine. With the datasets of aircraft engine, rolling bearing, and wind turbine, the experimental results show that the improved VA can adaptively estimate IAS faster and achieve higher accuracy of fault detection than the typical IAS estimation methods. Meanwhile, its antinoise ability is verified.
|
1,554
|
Please write an abstract with title: Can “micro VM” become the next generation computing platform?: Performance comparison between light weight Virtual Machine, container, and traditional Virtual Machine, and key words: Performance evaluation, Cloud computing, Scalability, FAA, Containers, Virtual machining, Security. Abstract: Serverless computing - including “Function as a service (FaaS)”, gives a flexible computing model for users. Today, cloud providers use container to create isolated computing environment for FaaS users. However, containers share a same kernel for all instances run on top of that, which cannot guarantee an ABI-level security as virtual machine does. Therefore, a new kind of virtual machine with container-level low overhead, named as “micro VM” or “light weight virtual machine” comes. But using virtual machines means trade off. Comparing to the high performance and lightweight containers, virtual machines usually have unavoidable problems like I/O (input and output), and some existing problems of containers like the cold start latency may become more severe. But how much it takes and if it is deserving? This paper provides a comparison between traditional virtual machine, container, and the new light weight virtual machine (named micro VM) in terms of scalability and performance, aiming to determine whether the micro VM can be the suitable computing platform for FaaS.
|
1,555
|
Please write an abstract with title: 2-D Mirrored Aperture Synthesis With Four Tilted Planar Reflectors, and key words: Reflector antennas, Spatial resolution, Antennas, Reflection, Microwave antenna arrays, Antenna theory, Antenna accessories. Abstract: Setting two reflectors perpendicular to each other and an array produces mirrored aperture synthesis (MAS), which obtains a higher spatial resolution than aperture synthesis (AS) for the same antenna array. The proposal of the MAS theory and the experimental verification suggest that the spatial resolution can be improved by setting the reflector. This article proposes a method in which four tilted planar reflectors are set around an antenna array. This method is named 2-D mirrored AS with four tilted planar reflectors (2-D MAS-T). Because 2-D MAS-T uses more reflectors than MAS, the spatial resolution is further improved. The principle of 2-D MAS-T with an antenna array is given in this article. The relationship between the size of the reflectors, the spatial resolution, and the field of view (FOV) is obtained. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that 2-D MAS-T can achieve a higher spatial resolution with the same antenna array than 2-D AS and 2-D MAS.
|
1,556
|
Please write an abstract with title: Packaging-induced strain in quantum-well laser diodes: theory and experiment, and key words: Capacitive sensors, Quantum well lasers, Optical sensors, Strain measurement, Semiconductor diodes, Lattices, Optical devices, Diode lasers, Semiconductor device packaging, Lead. Abstract: Interband energy shifts due to strain that arises via a combination of diode-laser, device-packaging effects and lattice-mismatch are theoretically modeled and used to interpret the strain situation in commercial devices.
|
1,557
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Comprehensive Survey on Communication Technologies for a Grid Connected Microgrid System, and key words: Voltage measurement, Communication systems, Microgrids, Phasor measurement units, Frequency measurement, Wide area measurements, Communication standards. Abstract: Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) plays an important role in a Wide Area Management System (WAMS) for measuring the synchronized and accurate data such as frequency, current and voltage phasor of any system. However, the data quality and the communication techniques are the main concern for synchrophasor application. The communication of the synchrophasor data collected from Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) and the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) is called Synchrophasor Communication System (SPCS). In this paper, a comprehensive survey has been done on communication technologies which are used in a grid connected microgrid system, communication standards and applications.
|
1,558
|
Please write an abstract with title: Reactively Loaded Dielectric-Based Antenna Arrays With Enhanced Bandwidth and Flat-Top Radiation Pattern Characteristics, and key words: Antenna arrays, Antenna radiation patterns, Transmission line matrix methods, Loaded antennas, Dielectrics, Couplings, Bandwidth. Abstract: This paper presents an antenna array organized in sub-arrays and composed of densely spaced dielectric-based radiating elements. To reduce the number of active components required in the array beamforming network, each sub-array consists of a single active element, directly fed, and several passive reactively loaded elements. State-of-the-art implementations of such arrays are typically based on rectangular air-filled waveguide radiators which provide a limited bandwidth and support a single linear polarization only. By utilizing the dielectric-based radiators presented in this work, a significant increase in the operating bandwidth of the array can be achieved. In this case, the aforementioned reactive loading is implemented through short-circuited dielectric-filled waveguides. By optimizing the position of the short circuits, the radiation pattern of the sub-array can be controlled and synthesized according to a given mask. To create larger design flexibility, one can design the sub-array in the presence of the adjacent sub-arrays, achieving in this way their effective overlapping. By employing the considered design technique, a sub-array featuring flat-top radiation pattern characteristics in combination with low side-lobe levels and high gain was developed, manufactured, and thoroughly analyzed. An additional benefit of such a design choice is the possibility of supporting two orthogonal polarizations.
|
1,559
|
Please write an abstract with title: The difficulties of implementing Agile and within it the Scrum framework, and key words: Conferences, Project management, Atmosphere, Companies, Documentation, Inspection, Feeds. Abstract: Agile is a relatively new area of project management schools and methodologies that many companies have adopted in recent years. However, it is not just a task structure, a documentation requirement, or a defined and formalized manifestation of processes, but the integration of a new way of thinking and approach into everyday work. When implementing Scrum, different Agile elements may be cumbersome for different professional levels and job positions for different reasons. The cumbersomeness and the causes are investigated in our primary research.
|
1,560
|
Please write an abstract with title: Degradation Prediction of EPLA Electro-Pneumatic Changeover Valve, and key words: Degradation, Temperature measurement, Failure analysis, Life estimation, Predictive models, Valves, Electromagnets. Abstract: With the continuous development of Prognostic and Health Management (PHM) technology, driven by emerging industrial information and industrial intelligence, digital twin technology has become an emerging research hotspot in the field of smart manufacturing and smart maintenance. Aiming at problems such as the loss of fault data, complex physics, and unknown failure mechanism in the PHM of EPLA electro-pneumatic changeover valve (EP valve), this paper proposes an EP valve degradation prediction scheme based on digital twin (DT) technology. The program is mainly divided into three parts: physical entity module, virtual simulation module and degradation prediction module. First, this article obtains the physical entity information required by the DT process through the accelerated degradation test of the EP valve electromagnet, and discusses the failure mechanism of the electromagnet. Then, this paper obtains the model simulation information needed by the DT process through EP valve virtual simulation modeling and dynamic degradation simulation. Finally, this paper proposes an information interaction method between physical entity information and model simulation information, which provides a theoretical basis for degradation prediction.
|
1,561
|
Please write an abstract with title: An Integrated Analytical Approach to Mathematical Modelling the Stochastic Behaviour of Software Debugging Phenomenon, and key words: Analytical models, Stochastic processes, Debugging, Predictive models, Reliability engineering, Numerical models, Software reliability. Abstract: Analytical and stochastic modelling methods can provide quantitative measures of software systems’ reliability during the debugging process. As software increases in complexity, debugging assumes more development time and becomes less deterministic. Many of the factors influencing the debugging-process activities are stochastic, such as effort, complexity, efficiency, and debugger skill. With this motivation, in this paper, an integrated software-reliability modelling approach based on a Poisson process to address these factors subject to the categorization of the faults under imperfect-debugging and learning-process phenomena. The software faults encountered are categorized into three types based on their debugging-complexity. The debugging-complexity is proportional to the level of effort expenditures required to correct the fault. Correspondingly, the entire debugging-process is the summing of the three debugging activities processes. A numerical example is provided based on a real software-reliability dataset to demonstrate the descriptive and predictive power capabilities and evaluate software-reliability measures as per the proposed integrated modelling approach and other well-documented models.
|
1,562
|
Please write an abstract with title: An Open Experimental Platform for Ranging, Proximity and Contact Event Tracking using Ultra-Wide-Band and Bluetooth Low-Energy, and key words: Privacy, Bluetooth, Microcontrollers, Conferences, Tutorials, Solids, Distance measurement. Abstract: The need for cheaper and more precise localisation techniques has recently amplified. The initial approach has been to roll out high-level software running on smartphones and leveraging Bluetooth proximity sensing. However this approach lacks both precision in terms of ranging, and flexibility in terms of experimental framework to fully explore alternative schemes for contact event tracing. In this context, we thus provide open-access nodes in an open-access experimental platform for ranging and proximity tracking, letting researchers tinker freely with the full software stack on a swarm of multi-radio, low-power devices based on cheap microcontrollers. We provide a tutorial on how to use the platform and open source code building blocks to to program the devices, bare-metal. We then report on initial measurements we have performed using the platform. Perspectives with our platform include applicability studies and comparative evaluation for a large variety of localisation schemes combining the use of Ultra-Wide Band and Bluetooth Low-Energy for better precision and smaller energy budgets - and the use of complementary mechanism guaranteeing privacy protection, able to run directly on-board cheap IoT microcontrollers.
|
1,563
|
Please write an abstract with title: Ultrasound Image-Based Diagnosis of Cirrhosis with an End-to-End Deep Learning model, and key words: Ultrasonic imaging, Solid modeling, Deep learning, Doppler effect, Image color analysis, Artificial intelligence, Training. Abstract: Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease that seriously jeopardizes the life and health of patients. Currently, ultrasound (US) imaging is commonly used by the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system to diagnose cirrhosis. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, deep learning methods for cirrhosis diagnosis using ultrasound image data have emerged. However, due to US images' complexity and variability, this input usually requires manual annotation. This study proposes LiverTL, an end-to-end deep learning approach for the automatic cirrhosis ultrasound image classification to overcome these limitations. LiverTL includes an automatic region of interest (ROI) detection module to support various ultrasound images' ROI extraction. Simultaneously, the classification module utilizes ROI areas and obtain the cirrhosis diagnosis results through the transfer learning network. We find that LiverTL achieves high classification accuracy on our evaluation data set. The cirrhosis data experiments suggest that a proper pre-training model for transfer learning is crucial for the classification results. These findings potentially pave the way to advance the diagnosis and therapy of cirrhosis.
|
1,564
|
Please write an abstract with title: Local consolidation of link-type infrastructures, and key words: Local government, Costs, Road transportation, Information science, Game theory, Privatization, Nash equilibrium, Space exploration. Abstract: A simple link formation game is developed and analyzed for the situation where there are three local governments (nodes) in one-dimensional space. Each node provides its own links to connect to its neighboring nodes aiming at minimizing the link-formation cost while satisfying local demand for connection to other nodes. The inefficiency of equilibrium link-consolidation is clarified. The intervention by central government with 'cooperative rule' by which links must be consolidated through bargaining by the both-end nodes is considered and its effects on efficiency is analyzed. It is shown that the intervention can achieve (but not all the case) the socially optimum consolidation level.
|
1,565
|
Please write an abstract with title: Machine Learning to the Rescue: ML-Assisted Framework for Equity-Driven Education, and key words: Image processing, Sociology, Machine learning, Data science, Knowledge discovery, Natural language processing, Equal opportunities. Abstract: Data Science has recently experienced a significant surge in producing undergraduate degree/certificate and course enrollments. This growth has resulted in straining program resources at many institutions and causing concern about how to most effectively respond to the rapidly growing demand and provide equal opportunities for all students to pursue their degree. The primary goal of this work is to provide an intelligent solution to automatically identify biases related to race and gender in the content of Data Science related courses such as Machine Learning (ML), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Data Mining, Data Analytics, and Knowledge Discovery just to name a few. While machine learning allows to build powerful predicting tools, it hasn’t been used sufficiently to detect biases rooted in gender and race in educational material. Hence, using effective machine learning techniques we aim to enhance the success rate of undergraduate students in Data Science education and programs while promoting engagement through identifying and mitigating potential gender and racial biases. To this end, we propose a novel bias detection approach which uses a combination of gender identification and sentiment classification for characterization of gender and race in educational contents. Our proposed framework can help educators and course developers to mitigate race and gender biases in their course materials and create an equitable learning experience for students of minority and under-represented groups.
|
1,566
|
Please write an abstract with title: The analysis of smaller offset broad-wall longitudinal slots, and key words: Integral equations, Slot antennas, High performance computing, Systems engineering and theory, Performance gain, Antenna arrays, Optical arrays, Antenna radiation patterns, Resonance light scattering, Boundary conditions. Abstract: A low profile, high gain, and lightweight economical structure antenna can be easily configured by using the broad-wall longitudinal slot array antennas. When a waveguide slot array has more elements and its radiation pattern has a lower side lobe, the smaller conductance is needed for some slots so as to ride on the central line of the waveguide. In this paper, the analysis of small offset longitudinal slots in rectangular waveguide is presented. The emphasis is put on the variation of slots when it rides on the centre line of the waveguide.
|
1,567
|
Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive alpha-trimmed mean filters under deviations from assumed noise model, and key words: Adaptive filters, Gaussian noise, Additive noise, Image restoration, Signal restoration, Image edge detection, Signal processing, Statistics, Statistical distributions, Performance analysis. Abstract: Alpha-trimmed mean filters are widely used for the restoration of signals and images corrupted by additive non-Gaussian noise. They are especially preferred if the underlying noise deviates from Gaussian with the impulsive noise components. The key design issue of these filters is to select its only parameter, /spl alpha/, optimally for a given noise type. In image restoration, adaptive filters utilize the flexibility of selecting /spl alpha/ according to some local noise statistics. In the present paper, we first review the existing adaptive alpha-trimmed mean filter schemes. We then analyze the performance of these filters when the underlying noise distribution deviates from the Gaussian and does not satisfy the assumptions such as symmetry. Specifically, the clipping effect and the mixed noise cases are analyzed. We also present a new adaptive alpha-trimmed filter implementation that detects the nonsymmetry points locally and applies alpha-trimmed mean filter that trims out the outlier pixels such as edges or impulsive noise according to this local decision. Comparisons of the speed and filtering performances under deviations from symmetry and Gaussian assumptions show that the proposed filter is a very good alternative to the existing schemes.
|
1,568
|
Please write an abstract with title: 3D head models retrieval based on geometrical measurement for modeling, and key words: Solid modeling, Head, Facial animation, Deformable models, Feature extraction, Facial features, Shape measurement, Face detection, Computer vision, Computer graphics. Abstract: In this paper, we present a 3D head models retrieval algorithm based on geometrical measurement for modeling. The proposed method mainly has two steps. Firstly we create a dataset of generic models and gain their feature points, which are used to identify horizontal and vertical proportions. After extraction of individual frontal facial feature points, the most similar generic model can be chosen according to similarity criterion. Secondly these feature points are devoted to deform the chosen generic model with corresponding feature points using Radial Basis functions (RBF), and texture mapping makes it more realistic. The experiment results demonstrate that our new algorithm can retrieve the most similar model to reduce deformation error and photo- realistically render 3D face.
|
1,569
|
Please write an abstract with title: A computational model of the spastic behavior of the lower limb, and key words: Computational modeling, Muscles, Knee, Electromyography, Motion analysis, Differential equations, Oscillators, Neurons, Medical tests, Biomedical computing. Abstract: Three different levels of analysis were conducted in a parallel fashion in order to understand spasticity. First we observed the behavior of the patient's limb muscles as the examination was conducted, both in normal volunteers and in patients with different degrees of spasticity. Second we analyzed the mathematical behavior of the curves depicted during the examination. Third we created a computer model that could mimic the behavior of the patients test. The data showed a progressive displacement of the final resting position from the normal vertical, as the spasticity severity progressed, to a more horizontal position near the starting position. Also, a diminished oscillating time as a consequence of transition from an under-damped to a critically damped and finally over-damped type of behavior, as spasticity was incremented. The computer model was constructed based on the second order differential equation that describes an oscillator. Subsequently, extra forces, identified by the EMG and clinical observation of the patients, were added to the model in order to reproduce the extra torques. Finally, two different components of the system are identified as needed, in order to adequately conduct the modeling. As a result, a biomechanical definition of spasticity is proposed.
|
1,570
|
Please write an abstract with title: Pre-Detection Sensing With Multistage Low-Pass Type Negative Group Delay Circuit, and key words: Sensors, Delays, Intelligent sensors, Detectors, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Topology, Sensor systems. Abstract: This paper reveals a fascinating pre-detection technique of sensor signals by means of counterintuitive negative group delay (NGD) electronic function. The sensor signal pre-detection technique is unconventionally developed thanks to the engineering of low-pass (LP) type NGD circuit. The NGD pre-detection basic principle is introduced. After topological description, the LP-NGD cell design method in function of negative time delay specification is formulated. An innovative analysis of time-advance property related to multi-stage LP-NGD cell is elaborated. To demonstrate the LP-NGD pre-detection technique feasibility, a proof of concept (POC) is designed with fabricated 3-stage LP-NGD printed circuit board (PCB) prototype integrating 4 LED detectors. The NGD pre-detection experimental setup is described. Extraordinary pre-detection with −0.5 s negative time propagation visible with LED on-lightning is demonstrated by considering a sinc pulse input signal. The developed NGD pre-detection technique can be useful in the future for the anticipation of industrial equipment damages and failure pre-detection sensor system in real-time.
|
1,571
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Prototype Deep Learning Paraphrase Identification Service for Discovering Information Cascades in Social Networks, and key words: Deep learning, Training, Technological innovation, Social networking (online), Annotations, Conferences, Prototypes. Abstract: Identifying the provenance of information posted on social media and how this information may have changed over time can be very helpful in assessing its trustworthiness. Here, we introduce a novel mechanism for discovering "post-based" information cascades, including the earliest relevant post and how its information has evolved over subsequent posts. Our prototype leverages multiple innovations in the combination of dynamic data sub-sampling and multiple natural language processing and analysis techniques, benefiting from deep learning architectures. We evaluate its performance on EMTD, a dataset that we have generated from our private experimental instance of the decentralised social network Mastodon, as well as the benchmark Microsoft Research Paraphrase Corpus, reporting no errors in sub-sampling based on clustering, and an average accuracy of 92% and F1 score of 93% for paraphrase identification.
|
1,572
|
Please write an abstract with title: Parallel Algorithm of Improved FunkSVD Based on GPU, and key words: Graphics processing units, Prediction algorithms, Matrix decomposition, Oscillators, Iterative algorithms, Big Data, Optimization. Abstract: The increasing amount of network data and the development of big data technology have brought development opportunities and challenges to recommendation systems. Model-based collaborative filtering has become a mainstream algorithm in recommendation systems. For example, the Funk singular- value decomposition (FunkSVD) algorithm. However, in big data calculations, data sparseness and iterative oscillations often affect the accuracy of the FunkSVD algorithm. Moreover, when the data volume is in units of GB or more, the FunkSVD algorithm runs slowly and is ineffective. Therefore, we propose an improved FunkSVD algorithm (IFABG) based on the root-mean-square prop (RMSProp) and graphics processing unit (GPU) to solve this problem. First, we used RMSProp algorithm to improve the traditional FunkSVD algorithm, alleviate data sparseness and iterative shock, and improve the prediction accuracy of the algorithm. Next, we implemented parallelization of the improved FunkSVD algorithm in the GPU, which increased the calculation speed of the algorithm. Finally, we verify the IFABG algorithm using the Movielens dataset. The experimental results show that the IFABG algorithm is very suitable for processing sparse data, and it alleviates the iterative shock. The prediction accuracy rate is approximately 30% higher than that of the traditional FunkSVD algorithm. The experimental results also demonstrate that the IFABG algorithm has a good acceleration effect. For the same size dataset, the IFABG algorithm is faster than the traditional FunkSVD, and the acceleration ratio can be as high as 19.27.
|
1,573
|
Please write an abstract with title: A new device converting optical analog signals to light pulse density signals for fiber-optic sensing system, and key words: Optical devices, Optical sensors, Optical pulses, Optical fiber devices, Optical distortion, Optical attenuators, Circuits, Optical fiber sensors, Optical noise, Optical modulation. Abstract: Signal conversion of optical analog signals to light pulse density signals was accomplished using a p-n-p-n LED and a simple passive RCL circuit. The light pulse density was 0.69 Mbit/s. The variable ratio per 1 μW of incident light power was 0.8 kbit/s. The peak wavelength, half width, detecting wavelength range, and output light power of the p-n-p-n LED were 900, 60, 650-900 nm, and 1.2 mW/50 mA, respectively.
|
1,574
|
Please write an abstract with title: Multi-head Self-attention and BGRU for Online Arabic Grapheme Text Segmentation, and key words: Online handwriting trajectory, Grapheme segmentation, Transformer, Multi-head self-attention, BGRU. Abstract: The segmentation of online handwritten Arabic text into graphemes/characters is a challenging task for the recognition system due to the nature of this script. That is why, it is better to employ dependency in the context of segments written before and after it, to improve recognition accuracy. In this paper, we introduce Multi-Head Self-Attention (MHSA) and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BGRU) models for online handwritten Arabic text segmentation, both of which simulate our previous grapheme segmentation model (GSM). The proposed framework consists of word embedding and the combination of complementary Multi-Head Self-Attention and BGRU, which help detect the control points (CPs) for handwritten text segmentation. The CPs delimit each grapheme composed of three main geometric points: starting point (SP), ligature valley point (LVP), angular point (AP), and ending point (EP). To show the effectiveness of our MHSA-BGRU model for online handwritten segmentation and its comparison with GSM, both mean absolute error (MAE), and word error rate (WER) evaluation metrics are used. Experimental results on benchmark ADAB and online-KHATT datasets show the efficiency of our model, which achieves 3.17% and 5.28% for MAE, 12.25% and 25.13% for WER respectively.
|
1,575
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Recognition Method of Cattle and Sheep Based on Convolutional Neural Network, and key words: Training, Seminars, Image recognition, Animals, Neural networks, Cows, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: Facing the problem of low recognition accuracy caused by the confusing background information and low quality of monitoring images of automatic recognition for cattle and sheep animals, this paper proposes a convolutional neural network-based animal identification method for cattle and sheep. Thus, the recognition accuracy can be improved in the case of multiple images. First, the original image data is enhanced by randomly cropping, randomly inverting angles, and randomly horizontal rollback, and then a binary classification model for cattle and sheep recognition based on the VGG-16 convolutional neural network is built. Then the relevant hyperparameters will be continuously adjusted to increase the number of iterations. A higher recognition accuracy rate will finally be achieved. To verify the effectiveness of the method, this article adopted 260 and 110 cattle and sheep pictures respectively from open resources for training and testing. The experimental results showed that the highest recognition accuracy of the test set reached 96.67%, making the average accuracy rate as high as 90.95%, approximately 5.4% higher than the accuracy rate of other traditional VGG network models. This method showed faster speed and more extensive generalization, providing a practical technological reference for cattle and sheep recognition and binary classification problems.
|
1,576
|
Please write an abstract with title: Tracking of partials in music signals using Kalman filtering: modeling and analysis, and key words: Multiple signal classification, Kalman filters, Filtering, Signal analysis, Radar tracking, Frequency, Power harmonic filters, Data mining, Music, Humans. Abstract: In this paper we propose a method for tracking of partials in music signals using Kalman filtering. Our observations are frequency and amplitude of peaks from spectral representation of short segments of music signal. These peaks are detected using a novel technique. We also introduce a set of state-space models for evolution of partials in time. Parameters of these models can be estimated by statistical analysis of a large database of musical sounds. Since Kalman filter is sensitive to the accuracy of these parameters, we propose some robust filters that can improve the performance of our tracker and discuss the possibility of using them.
|
1,577
|
Please write an abstract with title: Intelligent decision making and information fusion, and key words: Decision making, Cost accounting, Uncertainty, Statistics, Face, Humans, Machine intelligence, Educational institutions, Fuzzy systems, Random variables. Abstract: Decision making in the face of uncertainty appears in many domains of human experience when we have to make a choice involving a risky alternative. One component of a risky alternative is the uncertainty of the payoff resulting from its selection. Making decisions in the face of uncertain outcomes requires some of representation of our knowledge of uncertainties associated with the possible outcomes, for example probabilities. Often this information is impossible to obtain precisely and may require an imprecise and fuzzy characterization.
|
1,578
|
Please write an abstract with title: Stacking Ensemble Learning for Non-Line-of-Sight Detection of Global Navigation Satellite System, and key words: Global navigation satellite system, Satellites, Pollution measurement, Feature extraction, Machine learning, Support vector machines, Stacking. Abstract: While the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has been widely used to provide high-precision location services in many applications, it usually suffers from performance degradation due to non-line-of-sight (NLOS) reception. As the received NLOS signals might have great measurement errors especially in urban canyons, they should be detected to mitigate the errors contaminating the positioning systems. However, the NLOS detection is quite challenging as the accuracy rate is usually highly related to the surrounding environment the receiver is located in. To address this problem, we propose a stacking ensemble learning (SEL) method for the NLOS detection of GNSS. First, satellite measurement features are extracted from the GNSS raw measurements via a designed data processing module. Then, they are input to the SEL module consisting of two levels of machine learning models. In the first level, a support vector machine (SVM) and an extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) are adopted in parallel, and the outputs of the fist-level models are input to the second-level logistic regression (LR) to obtain NLOS predictions. The proposed SEL module combines the views of different models to the measurement features to address the shortcomings of each single model and improve the model’s generalization. Experimental results on real GNSS observations in urban canyons show that the proposed method outperforms the baseline machine learning methods with obvious detection accuracy improvements.
|
1,579
|
Please write an abstract with title: Integrating Pre-Earthquake Signatures From Different Precursor Tools, and key words: Ocean temperature, Land surface temperature, Magnetic resonance imaging, MODIS, Magnetic analysis, Ionosphere, Discrete cosine transforms. Abstract: Potential earthquake precursors include, among others, electromagnetic fields, gas emissions, Land Surface Temperature (LST), Sea Surface Temperature (SST), and Surface Air Temperature (SAT) anomalies. These observables have been individually studied, before earthquakes, by many researchers. The ionospheric studies concerning earthquakes (EQs) using magnetic data from Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are increasingly being used to detect ionospheric anomalies before large EQs. Also, LST, SST, and SAT values retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra and Aqua satellites and Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) are considered as physical precursors before EQs. In this work, we jointly analyze magnetic, MODIS, and MERRA-2 data in space and time around the epicenters before the selected EQs in Mexico, Japan, Chile, and Indonesia. Our analyses present interesting findings where anomalies in temperature and magnetic field, preceding the considered EQs, are confirmed through different methods. Particularly, we utilize the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for analyzing magnetic data over the designated EQs regions. We use the magnetic data acquired by Swarm satellites in the top side ionosphere along with MODIS and MERRA-2. Five case studies are described to prove the effectiveness of our analyses. Precursory anomalies were observed using these methods in different anomalous days from the considered four regions of interest around the epicenter. It is concluded that these methods could be effective and reliable in detecting anomalies preceding the upcoming EQs.
|
1,580
|
Please write an abstract with title: Fused InGaAs-Si avalanche photodiodes with low-noise performances, and key words: Avalanche photodiodes, Silicon, Dark current, Optical noise, Current measurement, Optical fiber communication, Optical fiber networks, Optical receivers, Tunneling, Ionization. Abstract: A fused InGaAs-Si avalanche photodiode (APD) with a low excess noise factor of 2.3 at a gain of 20 is reported. This corresponds to a k factor of 0.02 for the silicon avalanche region. Dark current density as low as 0.04 mA/cm/sup 2/ at -5 V and 0.6 mA/cm/sup 2/ at a gain of 10 are measured; a small thermal coefficient, 0.09%//spl deg/C, of the breakdown voltage is observed for this APD.
|
1,581
|
Please write an abstract with title: Performance Evaluation of pre-processing techniques for historical Palm Leaf Manuscript image restoration, and key words: Degradation, Image edge detection, Biological system modeling, Image restoration, Character recognition, Standards, Biomedical imaging. Abstract: In olden days, enormous information was noted, stored and conveyed using palm leaves as it was considered a reliable source for preserving it. Nowadays most of these leaves are deteriorated and posing a threat in the degradation of the treasured information. Digitization is the only viable solution to preserve this information. Scanning and digitizing them eases creating it detectible and legible for the readers. This process initiated with the main stage of image restoration which will aid for character recognition as it is a difficult job owing to the diversity of different handwritings on the palm leaves. In this work, Cellular Automata (CA) based optimal edge detection, Otsu's algorithm and Hybrid Isotropic Diffusion with the Perona-Malik (HIDPM) Model have been employed for image extraction from a palm-leaf manuscript and performances were compared with the standard edge detectors. The digitization of the palm-leaf manuscript will preserve their respective zonal activities in the field of astronomy, astrology, law, medicines, etc. This digitization will be helpful for the archaeologists or research learners for the retrieval of information very easily thereby aiding in the preservation of original manuscripts that are subjected to degradation.
|
1,582
|
Please write an abstract with title: Blind Numerology Identification for Mixed Numerologies, and key words: AWGN channels, Correlation, OFDM, Frequency-domain analysis, Simulation, Conferences, New Radio. Abstract: 5G New Radio (NR) introduces new flexibility that different numerologies can be selected to meet the requirements of a wide variety of services. For this new structure, blind numerology identification can increase system efficiency. Therefore, we propose a blind identification method for mixed numerologies. An autocorrelation method is applied in the time domain by correlating the cyclic prefix (CP) signal of the candidate numerology in the received composite signal for numerology type identification. Then, the location of each numerology in the frequency domain is identified by the variance difference in the power spectral density (PSD) of the subbands, on which different numerologies are occupied. The simulation results are obtained under additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and frequency-selective channels. The obtained results show that the proposed method has a robust identification accuracy and a satisfactory BER performance as compared to the non-blind identification approach in the conventional mixed-numerology system.
|
1,583
|
Please write an abstract with title: User preferences for effective task completion while interacting with a robotic conversational animated face, and key words: Facial animation, Robots, Face, Usability, Human computer interaction, Computer interfaces, Speech, Computer graphics, Mouth, MPEG 4 Standard. Abstract: We present a study about the preferences that users may have while interacting with a robot by means of a conversational animated interface, and the impact in task completion. An animated face was developed to simulate Spanish visems, and integrated with a conversational system. This system is designed for a robot to give information about a site using speech in an interactive dialogue. We performed a usability study to compare the efficiency, effectiveness and interaction experience of the conversational system, with and without the animated face. The results show that the interaction with an animated face seems more inviting to the user, it inspires confidence and makes easier the communication. However, it may distract the user from the main objective of the system, and could make the interaction slower due to the high computational resources required to animate a realistic face.
|
1,584
|
Please write an abstract with title: The design of an on-line monitor in IMAGO system, and key words: Monitoring, Mobile agents, Computer networks, Distributed computing, Intelligent agent, Runtime, Data analysis, Image analysis, Graphics, Statistics. Abstract: Using mobile agents to implement distributed applications is a new trend in network computing in these years. In order to show the performance as well as execution status of a mobile agent system, an on-line system monitor is required. This paper proposes a new on-line monitor strategy in IMAGO (intelligent mobile agent gliding-online) system. The IMAGO on-line monitor captures run-time data from a set of mobile agent servers, and analyzes those data to gain insight into the status of servers as well as their hosted agents. Two models of data collection in the monitoring process are compared, where one model uses probing strategy and another adopts push strategy. The on-line monitor provides a user-friendly graphic interface to show running status of mobile agent and related statistics of the whole system
|
1,585
|
Please write an abstract with title: Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation of Smart Textile Sensors using Embedded Systems, and key words: Mechanical sensors, Conductivity measurement, Nonhomogeneous media, Sensor systems, Sensors, Electrical resistance measurement, Intelligent sensors. Abstract: The integration and coating with conductive elements allows the use of textiles as flexible sensors for physical and chemical quantities. These conductive textiles combine the mechanical properties of the carrier material with the electrical characteristics of the conductive elements. Due to inhomogeneities in manufacturing as well as the influence of ageing factors, such as mechanical or chemical stress, the accuracy of these sensor systems suffers over the product lifespan. In this paper, we present a comprehensive evaluation system to detect these inhomogeneities in the textile material and measure the influence of the most common ageing factors. We compare several measuring methods from electrical engineering, medicine and chemistry in order to select the best methods for wear detection in conductive textiles. Using test stands for accelerated ageing, the ability to measure these effects was also successfully demonstrated on embedded systems. This means that the next generation of smart textile sensors systems are able to compensate for inhomogeneities in the production process as well as wear and tear due to ageing by itself. Thus, a reduction of waste, a longer lifetime of the sensor systems as well as improved accuracy can be achieved.
|
1,586
|
Please write an abstract with title: Features of Using Optimization Models for Capacity Expansion Planning in the Power Systems with the Increasing Role of Renewable Energy Sources, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Biological system modeling, Predictive models, Forecasting, Optimization, Uninterruptible power systems, Load modeling. Abstract: Current trends in the development of optimization capacity expansion models for planning the development of power systems with the active growth of renewable energy sources (RES) are considered. The results of forecasting the conditions of inter-fuel competition in the Unified Power System (UPS) of Russia as well as a comprehensive assessment of energy and economic effects of various scales of RES development using the EPOS optimization model are presented.
|
1,587
|
Please write an abstract with title: Effects of vessel curvature on intracranial aneurysmal flow, and key words: Aneurysm, Hemodynamics, Stress, Computational fluid dynamics, Neck, Blood, Aerospace engineering, Neurosurgery, Orifices, Viscosity. Abstract: The effects of parent vessel curvature on the hemodynamic forces for lateral saccular aneurysms are evaluated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). As the vessel curvature increases, flow impinges the distal neck and enters the aneurysm violently, causing both the pressure and shear stress at the distal neck to increase. High-pressure and high wall shear stress zones at the distal neck expand with the increasing of vessel curvature. The location of maximal wall shear stress implies that the growth or rupture of aneurysm may initiate in this region. Moreover, the effects of parent vessel curvature on aneurysm hemodynamics may eventually help to predict the risk of individual aneurysm rupture. Implantation of stents has the dual effect of disrupting the flow into the aneurysm and altering the radius of curvature. The study of the effects of vessel curvature effects on flow thus has new implications for stent design and implantation.
|
1,588
|
Please write an abstract with title: A head-positioning system using buried servos, and key words: Servomechanisms, Magnetic heads, Frequency, Magnetic separation, Disk drives, Interleaved codes, Bandwidth, Writing, Clocks, Filtering. Abstract: Current head-positioning servo methods require a spatial separation between the data and servo. This separation limits the accuracy with which a head-positioning servo system can follow a data track. The buried servo techniques described here allow servo information to be recorded in the same medium area as that used for data, a single head is used for both data and servo. These techniques provide high-bandwidth continuous head-position information with a potential for a high track-density servo system. The servo pattern consists of two single-frequency signals recorded deeply into the magnetic medium below the area used for data. The servo signals are detected by synchronous detection techniques and provide a continuous head-position error signal. The servo system uses this head-position error signal to follow a given data track and to seek new data tracks. Buried servo was implemented on a flexible disk drive. The track-following system had performance advantages when compared to a sector servo scheme implemented on a similar device.
|
1,589
|
Please write an abstract with title: A Machine Learning Model For Detection and Recognition Of Traffic Signs, and key words: Training, Road accidents, Smart cities, Roads, Maintenance engineering, Safety, Planning. Abstract: Road accidents and deaths has been a major concern all over the world. There is never a day where there is no news about road accidents and deaths. The main cause for the frequency of road accidents to drastically increase is supposed to be the changing environmental conditions and non-realization of traffic sign recognition system. Now the world is moving towards an era of driver-less or autonomous vehicles, the paper proposes a novel approach to help vehicle drivers for safety driving concentrating mainly towards road traffic sign detection mechanism. The proposed system is a part of Intelligent Transport System(ITS) which can pave way as one of the dimension of a Smart City. The work here mainly focus on the challenges that could be tackled to avoid road accidents by introducing an alert system to detect the traffic signs while driving and also assist drivers with low vision. The work-done describes the use of Convolution Neural Network(CNN) classification model with inbuilt OpenCV functions to pre-process the images for traffic sign detection and recognition using Binarization and Region Of Interest(ROI). Overall, the proposed model has resulted an accuracy of 96.9% for training set and 98.8% for the validation set.
|
1,590
|
Please write an abstract with title: High-Precision Resonant Cavity Beam Position, Emittance and Third-Moment Monitors, and key words: Resonance, Extraterrestrial measurements, Power generation, Signal resolution, Impedance, Steady-state, Colliding beam devices, Feedback control, Collaboration, Tail. Abstract: Linear colliders and FEL facilities need fast, nondestructive beam position and profile monitors to facilitate machine tune-up, and for use with feedback control. FAR-TECH, Inc., in collaboration with SLAC, is developing a resonant cavity diagnostic to simultaneously measure the dipole, quadrupole and sextupole moments of the beam distribution. Measurements of dipole and quadrupole moments at multiple locations yield information about beam orbit and emittance. The sextupole moment can reveal information about beam asymmetry which is useful in diagnosing beam tail deflections caused by short-range dipole wakefields. In addition to the resonance enhancement of a single-cell cavity, use of a multi-cell standing-wave structure further enhances signal strength and improves the resolution of the device. An estimated resolution is better than 1 m in rms beam size and better than 1 nm in beam position.
|
1,591
|
Please write an abstract with title: Bayesian Online Learning for Sensory Data Analysis in Internet of Vehicles, and key words: Data analysis, System performance, Simulation, Roads, Streaming media, Real-time systems, Bayes methods. Abstract: By building a road information sharing system at the edge, namely EdgeSharing, the traffic safety problems caused by the perception blind spots of self-driving vehicles can be effectively alleviated. EdgeSharing is inherently a crowdsourcing system where sensory data are firstly uploaded from vehicles and then analyzed at the edge to maintain information updating. As such, uploading latency and analysis accuracy are two imperative components to measure the performance of EdgeSharing system, which however challenges the traditional Internet of Vehicles (IoV) that have no consideration for the diverse quality requirements of the content of sensory data. In this paper, we take video captured by on-board camera as an example and devise an adaptive configuration strategy for effectively data uploading and analysis at the edge. Naturally, configuration parameters affect system performance in an unknown and time-varying fashion because of the varying video content and network conditions. To address that, we adopt a Bayesian online learning method that learns the optimal configuration timely by observing historical system performance and real-time environmental information. Our strategy is able to maximize the data analysis accuracy at the edge under the constraint of desired frame rate, which makes EdgeSharing system accommodate complex vehicular environments. Simulation results indicate that compared to other schemes, our proposal finds the optimal configuration fastest and results in about 50% regret reduction.
|
1,592
|
Please write an abstract with title: News Image Captioning Based on Text Summarization Using Image as Query, and key words: text summarization, multi-modal summarization, image captioning, deep learning. Abstract: News image captioning aims to generate captions or descriptions for news images automatically, serving as draft captions for creating news image captions manually. News image captions contain more detailed information such as entity names and events than generic image captions do. Detailed information is usually contained in news text but not in news images. Generic image captioning does not make full use of the accompanying news text to generate image captions. This paper proposes a news image captioning method based on the attentional encoder-decoder model through summarizing the news text according to query image. The multi-modal attentional mechanism is proposed to compute the context vector. The proposed model is trained on the DailyMail news image captioning corpora which are created by collecting images, caption, news texts through parsing the html-formatted documents. Experiments on the DailyMail test dataset show that the proposed method outperforms the generic image captioning and the text summarization method.
|
1,593
|
Please write an abstract with title: Optimal parameter selection for efficient memory integrity verification using Merkle hash trees, and key words: Computer networks, Peer to peer computing, Data structures, Hardware, Cryptography, Palladium, Operating systems, Cost function, Intelligent networks, Secure storage. Abstract: A secure, tamperproof execution environment is critical for trustworthy network computing. Newly emerging hardware, such as those developed as part of the TCPA and Palladium initiatives, enables operating systems to implement such an environment through Merkle hash trees. We examine the selection of optimal parameters, namely blocksize and tree depth, for Merkle hash trees based on the size of the memory region to be protected and the number of memory updates between updates of the hash tree. We analytically derive an expression for the cost of updating the hash tree, show that there is an optimal blocksize for the leaves of a Merkle tree for a given file size and update interval that minimizes the cost of update operations, and describe a general method by which the parameters of such a tree can be determined optimally.
|
1,594
|
Please write an abstract with title: Can You Fix My Neural Network? Real-Time Adaptive Waveform Synthesis for Resilient Wireless Signal Classification, and key words: Wireless communication, Training, Adaptation models, Finite impulse response filters, Transmitters, Pattern classification, Real-time systems. Abstract: Due to the sheer scale of the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G, the wireless spectrum is becoming severely congested. For this reason, wireless devices will need to continuously adapt to current spectrum conditions by changing their communication parameters in real-time. Therefore, wireless signal classification (WSC) will become a compelling necessity to decode fast-changing signals from dynamic transmitters. Thanks to its capability of classifying complex phenomena without explicit mathematical modeling, deep learning (DL) has been demonstrated to be a key enabler of WSC. Although DL can achieve a very high accuracy under certain conditions, recent research has unveiled that the wireless channel can disrupt the features learned by the DL model during training, thus drastically reducing the classification performance in real-world live settings. Since retraining classifiers is cumbersome after deployment, existing work has leveraged the usage of carefully-tailored Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters that, when applied at the transmitter’s side, can restore the features that are lost because of the the channel actions, i.e., waveform synthesis. However, these approaches compute FIRs using offline optimization strategies, which limits their efficacy in highly-dynamic channel settings. In this paper, we improve the state of the art by proposing Chares, a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based framework for channel-resilient adaptive waveform synthesis. Chares adapts to new and unseen channel conditions by optimally computing through DRL the FIRs in real time. Chares is a DRL agent whose architecture is based upon the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients (TD3), which requires minimal feedback from the receiver and explores a continuous action space for best performance. Chares has been extensively evaluated on two well-known datasets with an extensive number of channels. We have also evaluated the real-time latency of Chares with an implementation on field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Results show that Chares increases the accuracy up to 4.1x when no waveform synthesis is performed, by 1.9x with respect to existing work, and can compute new actions within 41µs.
|
1,595
|
Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Single-Stage Three-Phase SEPIC Differential Inverter with Continuous Input Current for PV Grid-Connected Applications, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Maximum power point trackers, Performance evaluation, Renewable energy sources, Power system measurements, Power system harmonics, Harmonic analysis. Abstract: Renewable energy sources (RESs) such as Photovoltaics (PV) often experience a significant change in the output voltage terminals due to partial shading scenarios and other atmospheric conditions. This paper focuses on the performance and evaluation of SEPIC-based differential inverter (SEPIC-BDI) when used as single-stage three-phase grid-connected inverter for PV energy harvesting. The continuous input current of the SEPIC-BDI, which validated by small input film capacitor, is crucial to get high performed maximum power points tracking (MPPT) control. By integrating HFT in the utilized SEPIC converters, the inverter realizes galvanic isolation and provide high power density with low leakage current, which is essential for safety requirements at advanced PV architectures. Moreover, the design criteria accompanied by a two-loop-based d-q synchronous frame grid-current control for SEPIC-BDI are presented. The proposed control has effectively achieved grid-current management and negative sequence harmonic component (NSHC) compensation and obtained a small computational burden. Theoretical analysis is validated by building an experimental setup (0.2-1.6kW) to examine inverter capability to cope with PV variations. The THD over the recommended power range of SEPIC-BDI is also provided.
|
1,596
|
Please write an abstract with title: Smartphone IoT-Based Point of Care Method for Arrhythmia Detection, and key words: Heart rate, Wireless communication, Wiring, Wireless sensor networks, Technological innovation, Point of care, Electrocardiography. Abstract: In this paper, a novel method for continuously monitoring heart rate to detect arrhythmia is proposed. According to modern trends, wearable sensors have become promising for their use in the healthcare industry due to their convenience, ubiquity for patients, and the ability to gather real-time data. Technological advancements in new heart rate monitoring devices, such as wearable sensors and wireless monitors, are needed to help improve arrhythmia detection for patients. We propose a novel non-invasive, portable, and wireless method for monitoring heart rate by using Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals gathered using a Smartphone IoT-based system. Our experimental approach uses the measurement of peak-to-peak intervals between two successive signal peaks to estimate the heart rate of a test subject. The hardware used in the experiment includes a Node MCU Arduino platform to gather the raw data that is analyzed in MATLAB. Furthermore, a combination of filtering algorithms and peak detection of Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is performed to remove noise and process the signals appropriately. The algorithm is tested on a healthy subject for seven minutes. Statistical data analysis is performed and the performance in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity was 96.1%, 95.2%, and 94.8% respectively.
|
1,597
|
Please write an abstract with title: Postural stability of two biped models via Lyapunov second method, and key words: Stability, Feedback, Aerodynamics, Force control, Aerospace control, Knee, Steady-state, Monitoring, Digital control, Computational modeling. Abstract: In biped locomotion, postural stability about vertical stance is of practical significance. Three problems related to postural stability are discussed here. Estimates of the region in the vicinity of vertical stance, where the biped model with linear feedback is stable, are derived. A method of designing nonlinear feedback is developed in which the combination of linear and nonlinear feedback provides a larger region of stability. Nonlinear feedback is utilized to simulate human-like motions of bowing and bending from the hip. Computer simulations for the double inverted pendulum and bipeds with stiff knees are presented.
|
1,598
|
Please write an abstract with title: Proceedings. 18th IEEE International Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerance in VLSI Systems, and key words: Very-large-scale integration, Fault diagnosis, Integrated circuit testing, Integrated circuit reliability, Yield estimation, Self-testing, Error correction coding, Mixed analog-digital integrated circuits, Field programmable gate arrays. Abstract: The following topics are dealt with: yield and defects; optoelectronics; fault analysis, injection and simulation; test and diagnosis; current test and diagnosis; test generation and application; scan design and test; BIST; error correcting codes; analogue and mixed signal test; defect tolerance and testing; FPGA and memory test; design verification and synthesis; SoC and core test; system reliability; fault tolerance; soft errors.
|
1,599
|
Please write an abstract with title: Mode Surfaces of Symmetric Tensor Fields: Topological Analysis and Seamless Extraction, and key words: Tensors, Surface treatment, Feature extraction, Topology, Three-dimensional displays, Faces, Two dimensional displays. Abstract: Mode surfaces are the generalization of degenerate curves and neutral surfaces, which constitute 3D symmetric tensor field topology. Efficient analysis and visualization of mode surfaces can provide additional insight into not only degenerate curves and neutral surfaces, but also how these features transition into each other. Moreover, the geometry and topology of mode surfaces can help domain scientists better understand the tensor fields in their applications. Existing mode surface extraction methods can miss features in the surfaces. Moreover, the mode surfaces extracted from neighboring cells have gaps, which make their subsequent analysis difficult. In this paper, we provide novel analysis on the topological structures of mode surfaces, including a common parameterization of all mode surfaces of a tensor field using 2D asymmetric tensors. This allows us to not only better understand the structures in mode surfaces and their interactions with degenerate curves and neutral surfaces, but also develop an efficient algorithm to seamlessly extract mode surfaces, including neutral surfaces. The seamless mode surfaces enable efficient analysis of their geometric structures, such as the principal curvature directions. We apply our analysis and visualization to a number of solid mechanics data sets.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.