ID int64 0 400k | content stringlengths 97 5.85k |
|---|---|
20,300 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient Recursive Algorithm for Analysis of Anisotropic Microstrip Structures in Multilayer Configuration, and key words: Microstrip, Strips, Permittivity, Method of moments, Impedance, Admittance, Nonhomogeneous media. Abstract: A recursive algorithm using suitable choice of trial functions is proposed for adequate analysis of uniaxial anisotropic microstrip type structures in multilayer configuration. The technique is based on the extension of the modal domain integral technique involving the Galerkin's procedure combined with the formalism of mathematical operators. Such approach allows a more efficient resolution of boundary conditions. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm was demonstrated through a successful comparison of the dispersion parameters with published results. |
20,301 | Please write an abstract with title: Product Quality Data Analysis and Its Interpretation for Various User Categories, and key words: Slabs, Instruments, Production, Tools, Data integrity, Data analysis, Industrial engineering. Abstract: Any enterprise collects large data sets for process evaluation. Process evaluation is fundamental to further process improvement. Such data includes instrumentation data, process parameters, and any other data pertaining to the manufacturing, instrumentation, and control processes. Depending on their job, different users need to access this shared data pool to extract the information they need for their daily routine, e.g. for documenting processes to further enhance them. |
20,302 | Please write an abstract with title: A novel traveling-wave feed technique for circularly polarized planar microstrip antennas, and key words: Microstrip antennas, Polarization, Antenna feeds, Transceivers, Dielectrics, Sensor systems, Integrated circuit yield, Microwave theory and techniques, Microwave circuits, Fabrication. Abstract: Many current communication and sensor systems require high-density packing for transceivers. In particular, many such systems require the antenna to be closely integrated with the other transceiver circuitry. In this paper, we propose a new technique, which is capable of yielding high quality circular polarization, with a feeding system that is particularly suitable for incorporating in multi-layer microwave circuits. This type of circuit can be fabricated either in thick-film or LTCC, which are attractive because they can provide a combination of high-performance and low-cost fabrication. The proposed traveling-wave feed system offers a number of advantages over the rear-fed patch techniques. It does not require a probe through the dielectric layer beneath the patch. The current work is an extension of the concept of using a circular slotline channel beneath the dielectric layer to excite four rectangular patch antennas to provide circular polarization. In order to establish the validity of the proposed technique, a prototype 5 GHz antenna with a progressive incremental offset of 500 /spl mu/m was designed and tested. |
20,303 | Please write an abstract with title: Simulations for Single Event Transient Effects in the LM124 Operational Amplifier, and key words: radiation, operational amplifier, single event transient effect, circuit simulation, bipolar transistor. Abstract: Single event transient effect in LM124 Operational Amplifier is investigated in this paper by computer simulations. Circuit level simulations are performed to analyze the output response of a voltage follower which consists of LM124 Operational Amplifier under single event transients (SETs). Simulation results show that different output responses were shown in different parts under the radiation. Furthermore, the most sensitive parts under the SETs are found. Simulations results above are helpful for further harden designs of linear ICs. |
20,304 | Please write an abstract with title: Impact of Electronic Learning in Rural Universities: A Case of WSU Ibika Campus, and key words: Learning management systems, Electronic learning, Social networking (online), Instruments, Conferences, Software, Internet. Abstract: Electronic learning has become the backbone of institutions of higher learning even those located in rural areas. This research evaluated the impact of electronic learning in rural universities in teaching and learning. The research focused on the usage of e-learning tools, factors that hinder successful usage, and the effects of e-learning in a rural environment. Walter Sisulu University (WSU) was used as the case study in this research. WSU Ibika campus being a campus located in the rural and remote area of Butterworth faces challenges such as shortage of water, poor ICT infrastructure, and poor service delivery. The research adopted a quantitative approach to conduct this research study. A closed-ended questionnaire instrument was used to collect the data. The results showed that the majority of students used learning management systems to conduct assessments while few students used them to access study material and conduct group discussions. |
20,305 | Please write an abstract with title: Blockchain Solution for IoT-based Critical Infrastructures: Byzantine Fault Tolerance, and key words: Fault tolerance, Connected vehicles, Fault tolerant systems, Mathematical models, Data models, Critical infrastructure, Consensus protocol. Abstract: Providing an acceptable level of security for Internet of Things (IoT)-based critical infrastructures, such as the connected vehicles, considers as an open research issue. Nowadays, blockchain overcomes a wide range of network limitations. In the context of IoT and blockchain, Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)-based consensus protocol, that elects a set of authenticated devices/nodes within the network, considers as a solution for achieving the desired energy efficiency over the other consensus protocols. In BFT, the elected devices are responsible for ensuring the data blocks’ integrity and preventing the concurrently appended blocks that might contain some malicious data. In this paper, we evaluate the fault-tolerance with different network settings, i.e., the number of connected vehicles. We verify and validate the proposed model with MATLAB/Simulink package simulations. The results show that our proposed hybrid scenario performed over the non-hybrid scenario taking throughput and latency in the consideration as the evaluated metrics. |
20,306 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive Virtual Inertia Calculation for a Virtual Synchronous Generator-Based Building-to-Building Grid, and key words: Adaptation models, Adaptive systems, Voltage measurement, Buildings, Power markets, Frequency estimation, Synchronous generators. Abstract: The paper presents an adaptive inertia calculation in a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) based on a building-to-building (B2B) distribution system. Adaptation of the virtual inertia value is done using a disturbance-based approach, following previous literature, which introduces an excitation signal while using voltage, frequency, and power measurements to estimate the inertia. The main benefit of adaptive inertia comes from a reduction in the real power and frequency oscillations, which results in an improvement in the battery system's estimated useful life. The proposed system calculates the virtual inertia of the VSG based on the energy management optimization of the B2B system, based on the photovoltaic (PV), battery state of charge (SoC), and the power exchange between the buildings considering the grid. The system adjusts the virtual inertia with a droop-based control depending on the power exchange between the buildings, and the cost of energy exchange. The proposal is validated by simulation of two buildings in parallel with a grid in MATLAB/SIMULINK. |
20,307 | Please write an abstract with title: Synchronization Problems in PAM Systems, and key words: Timing, Phase estimation, Signal to noise ratio, Baseband, Gaussian noise, Bandwidth, Quadrature amplitude modulation, Pulse modulation, Yield estimation, Parameter estimation. Abstract: In a PAM system with unknown carrier phase and timing phase the receiver has to estimate these parameters. The "dataaided" approach involves the joint estimation of the data symbols and the unknown parameters. This is in contrast with the "nondataaided" approach, where the carrier phase and timing phase are estimated independently of the data symbols. We first establish the equivalence of these two strategies for high signal-to-noise ratios. Then we demonstrate that several PAM systems (baseband, VSB, QAM) perform better when the data symbols are independent equiprobable bits, instead of independent identically distributed Gaussian random variables (a high signal-to-noise ratio is assumed). Finally, some generalizations of the previous conclusions are treated. |
20,308 | Please write an abstract with title: Transitioning360: Content-aware NFoV Virtual Camera Paths for 360° Video Playback, and key words: Visualization, Target tracking, Navigation, Two dimensional displays, Tools, Cameras, Videos. Abstract: Despite the increasing number of head-mounted displays, many 360° VR videos are still being viewed by users on existing 2D displays. To this end, a subset of the 360° video content is often shown inside a manually or semi-automatically selected normal-field-of-view (NFoV) window. However, during the playback, simply watching an NFoV video can easily miss concurrent off-screen content. We present Transitioning360, a tool for 360° video navigation and playback on 2D displays by transitioning between multiple NFoV views that track potentially interesting targets or events. Our method computes virtual NFoV camera paths considering content awareness and diversity in an offline preprocess. During playback, the user can watch any NFoV view corresponding to a precomputed camera path. Moreover, our interface shows other candidate views, providing a sense of concurrent events. At any time, the user can transition to other candidate views for fast navigation and exploration. Experimental results including a user study demonstrate that the viewing experience using our method is more enjoyable and convenient than previous methods. |
20,309 | Please write an abstract with title: Telerehabilitation with Exoskeletons using Adaptive Robust Integral RBF-Neural-Network Impedance Control under Variable Time Delays, and key words: Adaptation models, Torque, Telepresence, Uncertainty, Regulators, Delay effects, Exoskeletons. Abstract: With an unprecedented increase in the global aging population and with it, the age-related neuromuscular dysfunction diseases, there is an exorbitant and escalating need for physical rehabilitation. Delivering these services - especially to those that are most vulnerable - under the current COVID-19 pandemic restriction for physical-distancing, is an even greater challenge. Interest in telerehabilitation is spiking, and robotic tel-erehabilitation could drastically improve patients' access to care. Some of the major challenges in developing the control methods for these robots are identifying, estimating, and overcoming the effects of dynamic modeling uncertainties, nonlinearities, and disturbances. Having humans in the loop creates the additional need for safety and compliance. Telerehabilitation control methods have the added requirement of delivering telepresence and addressing communication delays which, if not managed, could result in ineffective therapy, destabilize the system, and even cause injury. In this paper, we present a novel adaptive robust integral Radial Basis Function Neural Network Impedance model (RBFNN-I) control method for telerehabilitation with robotic exoskeletons which compensates for dynamic modeling uncertainties in the presence of external human torques and time delays. One of the salient features of the proposed control system is the implementation of a new human torque regulator which improves telepresence. Stability proof using Lyapunov stability theory is shown for the proposed control method. An exoskeleton was designed and used for unilateral and bilateral telerehabilitation simulations. Excellent tracking performance, telepresence and stability was achieved in the presence of large, variable and asymmetric time delays and human torques. |
20,310 | Please write an abstract with title: Study on a Multi-channel Switchable and Environment Self-adaptive Ultrasonic Sensor in an Erbium-doped Fiber Ring Laser, and key words: Acoustics, Fiber gratings, Temperature sensors, Laser modes, Strain. Abstract: We develop and investigate a novel multi-channel switchable and self-adaptive ultrasonic sensor by integrating fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser (EDFL). The sensor system consists of a sensing FBGs string, a matched FBGs string and a tunable optical filter in an EDFL. The reflection spectra of the two FBGs strings are matched, where every sensing FBG has a corresponding matched FBG with the similar central wavelength and the overlapped position is at the linear slope of the two FBGs. The two FBGs strings are used comb filter to produce the potential lasing line in the laser system. When impinging the ultrasonic waves onto the FBGs, two FBGs strings also act as the sensing element. As the ultrasonic waves induce different wavelength shifts between sensing FBGs and matched FBGs, the ultrasonic signal is detected via the laser intensity variation from the ultrasound-induced relative spectra shift of FBGs. However, the EDF is a homogeneous broadening medium at room temperature, which will bring the mode competition in the laser, leading to an instable lasing oscillation, if multiple FBGs are included directly into an EDFL to increase the laser wavelength (the detection channel) and achieve a multi-channel detection. To solve this problem, in the proposed system the laser channel and the mode competition effect in the EDFL is avoided. A numerical model is used to analyze the laser establishment and dynamic ultrasonic response in this channel switchable ultrasonic sensor. Experimentally, eight channels switchable ultrasonic sensor is achieved. In addition, the side-by-side fixed structure of two FBGs strings contributes to the system can operate in the environmental interference that ranges nearly 2500με static strain and 40°C temperature variation. Due to the multi-channel, good embeddability and high robustness, the multi-channel ultrasonic sensor has great potential in the future applications. |
20,311 | Please write an abstract with title: Control-oriented model validation and errors quantification in the /spl lscr//sub 1/ setup, and key words: Error correction, Optimal control, Upper bound, Robust control, Robust stability, Testing, Robustness, Linear programming, Uncertainty, Quadratic programming. Abstract: A priori information required for robust synthesis includes a nominal model and a model of uncertainty. The latter is typically in the form of additive exogenous disturbance and plant perturbations with assumed bounds. If these bounds are unknown or too conservative, they have to be estimated from measurement data. In this paper, the problem of errors quantification is considered in the framework of the /spl lscr//sub 1/ optimal robust control theory associated with the /spl lscr//sub /spl infin// signal space. The optimal errors quantification is to find errors bounds that are not falsified by measurement data and provide the minimum value of a given control criterion. For model with unstructured uncertainty entering the system in a linear fractional manner, the optimal errors quantification is reduced to quadratic fractional programming. For system under coprime factor perturbations, the optimal errors quantification is reduced to linear fractional programming. |
20,312 | Please write an abstract with title: Facial Feature Embedded Cyclegan For Vis-Nir Translation, and key words: Databases, Face recognition, Training data, Feature extraction, Task analysis, Facial features, Faces. Abstract: Visible and near-infrared (VIS-NIR) face recognition remains a challenging task due to distinctions between spectral components of two modalities. Inspired by the CycleGAN, this paper presents a method aiming to translate between VIS and NIR face images. To achieve this, we propose a new facial feature embedded CycleGAN. Firstly, to learn the particular feature while preserving common facial representation between VIS and NIR domains, we employ a general facial feature extractor (FFE) to extract effective features. Herein the MobileFaceNet is pre-trained on a VIS face database and serves as the FFE. Secondly, the domain-invariant feature learning is enhanced by proposing a new pixel consistency loss. Lastly, we establish a new WHU VIS-NIR database including varies in face rotation and expressions to enrich the training data. Experimental results on the Oulu-CASIA and our WHU VIS-NIR databases show that the proposed FFE-based CycleGAN (FFE-CycleGAN) outperforms some state-of-the-art methods and achieves 96.5% accuracy. |
20,313 | Please write an abstract with title: Radiotherapy planning system with dose constraints, and key words: Medical treatment, Mathematical model, Intensity modulation, Optical modulation, Tumors, Inverse problems, Attenuation, Communications technology, Cancer, Optimization methods. Abstract: Intensity modulated radiotherapy is a technique used in the treatment of cancer based on the use of different spatially distributed X-Ray beams. The task of treatment planning is to determine the dose quantity that each beam of radiation should deliver, and for each spatial direction, and so determining a specific dosage distribution for the patient. In this paper a conditional optimization problem is studied, proposing a new reduction method for the dimensions of this problem. The procedure proposed has been used in the planning of the treatment for a real case of prostate cancer, where satisfactory results have been obtained. |
20,314 | Please write an abstract with title: A New 5 Kilowatt HF Multi-Channel Transmitter, and key words: Hafnium, Radio transmitters, Switches, Frequency shift keying, Switching circuits, Telegraphy, Radio spectrum management, Frequency conversion, Laboratories, Communication industry. Abstract: A new design of high-frequency, telegraph transmitter is described in detail. This transmitter is capable of delivering 5 kilowatts of radio frequency power on any four frequencies in the range 3-25 mc/s simultaneously, with A1 or A2 emission. The transmitter is arranged with withdrawable rf units and modulator, which can be serviced while the remainder of the transmitter is in operation. The possibility of a re-arrangement of the units for high frequency broadcasting, frequency shift keying, and single sideband operation, is discussed. |
20,315 | Please write an abstract with title: Quality of Service and Signal Evaluation Parameter Comparison Between Different Mobile Network Operators in Urban Area, and key words: Quality of service, Interference, Urban areas, Springs, Signal to noise ratio, Tools, Photonics. Abstract: Mobile network planning is very important as for operators to provide their services, as for end-users who want to receive best as possible quality of the mobile services. 5G standard is in progress and operators already try to develop services that could benefit from new high capacity and latency network. Operators will have the task to plan the new network, at the same time continuing to develop existing 4G network, because 5G mobile network at least, at the beginning, is meant not to replace existing 4G network, but only to compliment it by adding additional network resources for new and upgraded services. At the same time, regulatory authorities face the problem that the mobile operators and end-users tend to evaluate network quality by different parameters. Operators are mostly tended to use signal parameters, such as signal interference to noise ratio, reference signal received power and others, to evaluate and plan the network. At the same time end-users and regulatory authorities, which work to protect end-users' rights of getting the promised services in promised quality, tend to use Quality of Service parameters and methodology to evaluate received service quality. Meantime especially important is to understand the network resource usage and received mobile service quality in urban environment, as the cities are the most populated areas, where signal propagation conditions are most complicated and use of mobile resources is rapidly growing. That is why the evaluation and finding the relationships between QoS parameters may help to develop optimal system for network and service quality evaluation both for end-users and for mobile network operators. In the scope of this research authors investigate the dependencies between QoS parameters and signal parameters at end-user premises in different mobile operator networks. As a result similarities and dependencies between different measured parameter are observed and authors provide developed measurement technique that could satisfy operators, regulatory authority and end-user needs. |
20,316 | Please write an abstract with title: A Negative R-Assisted Amplifier on the Virtual Ground and Its Applications, and key words: Resistors, Application specific integrated circuits, Conferences, Modulation, Bandwidth, Distortion, Electron tubes. Abstract: An active network with the property that the impedance on a terminal pair is negative is called as a negative impedance, and many active circuits, such as amplifiers, filters and oscillators, contain the negative impedance. In particular, a negative resistor (negative R) has been used since the days of the vacuum tube oscillators, in which the negative R compensates for resistive leakage of an inductor. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, significant research efforts were made to expand the bandwidth of amplifiers and apply them to integrated filters and oscillators [1- 4]. Among these, an amplifier with a negative R on its virtual ground was proposed in [1] and described in [2- 5]. The idea of using the negative R-assisted amplifier has been used in recent state-of-the-art works [6- 19], as it turns out that the negative R compensates for the finite gain, bandwidth, noise and distortion of the amplifier. Despite many advantages, the negative R-assisted amplifier did not get the attention it deserves. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to reconsider some of these early concepts [1- 5], and in particular to evaluate the benefits of negative R-assisted amplifiers in the light of recent advances [6- 19]. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. First, the operation principle of fundamental building blocks with negative R such as inverting amplifier and integrator is described. Second, several negative-R assisted amplifiers in the signal chain are discussed. Third, the design benefit of continuous-time delta-sigma modulators (CTDSMs) with negative R-assisted integrators is evaluated. The negative R Implementation is also discussed. Finally, an interesting option is described to proceed this concept. |
20,317 | Please write an abstract with title: Robotic Episodic Cognitive Learning Inspired by Hippocampal Spatial Cells, and key words: Robot kinematics, Cognition, Computational modeling, Neurons, Hippocampus, Biological system modeling. Abstract: This letter presents a robotic episodic cognitive learning framework based on the biological cognitive mechanism of hippocampal spatial cells. By emphasizing the cognition process and episodic memory in brain, the framework adopts the velocity modulated grid cells and place cells to afford the robot position cognition, abstracts the state neurons to represent the robotic state, and uses state neurons' activity and connection to simulate the episodic memory construction process. The episodic memory is formed by a sequence of particular events consisting of visual features, state neuron, phase, and pose information. Besides an episodic-cognitive map building approach based on this framework is proposed, which performs closed-loop correction by resetting the spatial cells phase to keep the map accurate. The episodic-cognitive map built in this letter is a topological metric map to describe the topological relations of the particular events coordinates in the unknown environment. The framework is applied on a mobile robot platform, the robotic episodic cognitive learning and episodic-cognitive map building approach are investigated. The robotic experiments demonstrate that the framework can effectively achieve the robotic incremental accumulative learning, update the spatial cognition to the environment and construct the episodic-cognitive map. |
20,318 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic Numerical Question Answering on Table using BERT-GNN, and key words: Numerical models, Cognition, Bit error rate, Encoding, Context modeling, Urban areas, Training. Abstract: The table base numerical question-answering task requires a mechanism to understand the relation between table content and numbers (present in table and question). It also needs an efficient method to address complex reasoning on table context. Most of the existing approaches in the natural language processing technology address the context-based questions on the table but fail to address the numerical reasoning part. They are also built on a large search database, which makes it challenging to use them in multiple domains. These approaches use pre-trained models like BERT to perform context encoding of a complete table. Hence these models fail when a large table is provided as input, as full table encoding is a very resource and time-consuming task. In this paper, a framework is proposed to answer questions on the table with numerical reasoning. This framework uses a context-snapshot mechanism to filter irrelevant table rows before tokenizing the table content. The filtered context and tokenized question are converted into vector representation using a pre-trained BERT model. This proposed model finds the correlation between the tokenized context-snapshot and numbers in question using graph neural networks. Further, it uses a feed-forward neural network to perform the numerical operation to compute the answer. The model is trained and evaluated on WikiTableQuestions datasets, shows a promising result. |
20,319 | Please write an abstract with title: Finding surface Lyapunov functions through sum-of-squares programming, and key words: Functional programming, Polynomials, Lyapunov method, Limit-cycles, Piecewise linear techniques, Dynamic programming, Stability analysis, Control systems, Sufficient conditions, Linear matrix inequalities. Abstract: This work presents a sum-of-squares method to construct polynomial surface Lyapunov functions (SuLF) of arbitrary order for the impact maps of limit cycles in piecewise linear systems (PLS). This work extends previous results on stability analysis of such limit cycles, which utilized quadratic SuLFs. This paper also discusses an initial study of hierarchical jump linear systems where the switching is driven by feedback of low-level dynamical system states and a Markovian process. |
20,320 | Please write an abstract with title: Radiation Shielding Evaluation of Spacecraft Walls Against Heavy Ions Using Microdosimetry, and key words: Ions, Aluminum, Radiation protection, Extraterrestrial measurements, Aircraft manufacture, Australia, Radiation effects. Abstract: Despite the low contribution of heavy ions to the total fluence in the space radiation environment, their radiobiological effect on the human body is extremely high. In this article, we investigated the radiation field which resulted from the interaction of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), specifically some heavy ions and energies, typically encountered in space with a realistic multilayer sample of the International Space Station (ISS) Columbus module’s shielding wall. The quality factor, Q, and the normalized dose equivalent, H, derived from microdosimetric measurements for C, Ne, and Si ions behind different spacecraft wall configurations and materials are presented in this article. Particularly, carbon fiber, polyoxymethylene, and perspex with same areal density compared to currently used aluminum were investigated. |
20,321 | Please write an abstract with title: A Multi-Channel Temporal Attention Convolutional Neural Network Model for Environmental Sound Classification, and key words: Conferences, Neural networks, Signal processing, Feature extraction, Acoustics, Convolutional neural networks, Data mining. Abstract: Recently, many attention-based deep neural networks have emerged and achieved state-of-the-art performance in environmental sound classification. The essence of attention mechanism is assigning contribution weights on different parts of features, namely channels, spectral or spatial contents, and temporal frames. In this paper, we propose an effective convolutional neural network structure with a multichannel temporal attention (MCTA) block, which applies a temporal attention mechanism within each channel of the embedded features to extract channel-wise relevant temporal information. This multi-channel temporal attention structure will result in a distinct attention vector for each channel, which enables the network to fully exploit the relevant temporal information in different channels. The datasets used to test our model include ESC-50 and its subset ESC-10, along with development sets of DCASE 2018 and 2019. In our experiments, MCTA performed better than the single-channel temporal attention model and the non-attention model with the same number of parameters. Furthermore, we compared our model with some successful attention-based models and obtained competitive results with a relatively lighter network. |
20,322 | Please write an abstract with title: A rectangular corrugated feed horn, and key words: Feeds, Antennas and propagation, Loaded antennas, Dipole antennas, Reflector antennas, Impedance, Transmitting antennas, Apertures, Signal design, Polarization. Abstract: This paper presents typical results of measurements made on a square corrugated horn and also one with a small rectangular aperture that was designed to generate an elliptical beam for either of two orthogonally polarized signals. |
20,323 | Please write an abstract with title: Experimental setup for the quantification of the cardio pulmonary responses to different artificial respiratory loads, and key words: Cardiology, Respiratory system, Signal analysis, Blood pressure, Muscles, Pathology, Diseases, Design engineering, Hospitals, Ducts. Abstract: In order to investigate the effects induced on respiratory and cardio-circulatory activity by mechanical dysfunctions in the respiratory system, devices were designed and constructed for increasing both resistive and elastic respiratory loads, thus simulating obstructive and restrictive pathologies, respectively. The resistive load was obtained as a duct, with a resistive core, having linear characteristics; elastic load was obtained by imposing the respiration from a closed volume. The elastic load too had linear characteristics. The artificial loads were calibrated for producing a total load about three times the normal intrinsic loads and were applied to a group of normal subjects.. A set of signals from the respiratory and cardio-circulatory system were recorded and analysed through proper algorithms for obtaining quantitative parameters both in time and frequency domain. |
20,324 | Please write an abstract with title: Transformer Fire Identification Method Based on Multi-Neural Network and Evidence Theory, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Temperature, Evidence theory, Streaming media, Real-time systems, Monitoring, Accidents. Abstract: In order to solve the problems of transformer fire accidents such as the traditional fire control system has simple function, single fire characteristic parameters and is prone to false alarm, underreporting and so on, a synthetic diagnosis method using multi-neural network and evidence theory for transformer accidents is presented. The monitoring and early warning of transformer fire is realized by collecting temperature, video (flame and smoke), CO, combustion sound and other information in real time, and then combining with network technology. The results of example analysis show that the accuracy of this method for transformer fire identification is 73%. |
20,325 | Please write an abstract with title: Designing a human-robot interaction framework for home service robot, and key words: Service robots, Cognitive robotics, Human robot interaction, Intelligent robots, Artificial intelligence, Psychology, Mechanical engineering, Industrial engineering, Software systems, Industrial relations. Abstract: This paper presents a human-robot interaction framework that outlines a general structure of future home service robots that are expected to assist humans in their home-based daily activities. We describe three interaction modules - multimodal, cognitive, and emotional interaction modules. Each module takes a different role in the process of human robot interaction. The purpose of multi-modal interaction is to make the interaction convenient for the human, the cognitive interaction is for cooperative sharing of tasks, and the emotional interaction is to maintain a close relationship. The general concept for the systematical software integration and the relationships among the three modules are described. |
20,326 | Please write an abstract with title: Analog/Mixed-Signal Standard Cell Based Approach for Automated Circuit Generation of Neural Network Accelerators, and key words: Electronic design automation, analog/mixed-signal circuits, integrated circuits, neuromorphic computing, neuromorphic hardware, AI accelerators, analog computing. Abstract: Analog and mixed-signal neural network accelerators are a promising solution to apply deep learning methods to edge applications where high energy and area efficiency are required. Such in-memory computing implementations use regular and repetitive circuit structures that take great advantage of design automation. An analog/mixed-signal standard cell design approach in combination with an automation framework has been developed to ease the design of such systems. The framework discussed here provides the basic functionality such as schematic and layout creation. It is based on manually designed standard cells and technology and topology parameters to steer the automation. The presented methodology drastically reduces the (re-)design time and engineering effort leading to a reduced time-to-market whilst errors occurring in manual executed circuit design can be avoided. |
20,327 | Please write an abstract with title: Hierarchical Graph Attention Network with Heterogeneous Tripartite Graph for Numerical Reasoning over Text, and key words: Natural languages, Cognition, Graph neural networks, Numerical models, Iterative methods, Task analysis. Abstract: Numerical reasoning machine reading comprehension (MRC) is a challenging natural language understanding task, which requires machines to have the numerical reasoning ability to add, subtract, sort and count over text to predict answers. Previous state-of-the-art models typically use graph neural networks (GNNs) to perform reasoning over heterogeneous graphs containing numbers and entities, to enhance their numerical reasoning ability. However, their constructed graphs contain only number nodes or only consider related entities in the same sentence, ignoring the relationship between entities. To alleviate the issue, in this paper, we propose a hierarchical graph attention network with heterogeneous tripartite graph (HGAT-HTG) for the numerical reasoning MRC task. It introduces additional sentence nodes as the intermediary between number nodes and entity nodes to construct the heterogeneous tripartite graph, then its hierarchical graph attention network (GAT) reasoning module first performs coarse-grained reasoning on the whole graph, then performs iterative fine-grained reasoning on the number-sentence subgraph and entity-sentence subgraph respectively, to enhance its numerical reasoning ability for the task. Experimental results indicate that HGAT-HTG model offers significant and consistent improvements, outperforming previous state-of-the-art QDGAT on DROP dataset. |
20,328 | Please write an abstract with title: A Permissioned Consensus Algorithm Based DAGs-to-Blockchain in Hierarchical Architecture for Decentralized Internet of Things, and key words: Cloud computing, Scalability, Consensus algorithm, Computer architecture, Throughput, Real-time systems, Blockchains. Abstract: In today’s modern world, distributed ledgers have become dominant in several sophisticated applications to remove the centralized controlling entity (e.g., Cloud Computing). The currents are problematic to meet the dramatic growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), for instance, Blockchain and Tangle. The former is very secure but has a very slow confirmation time, and low throughput. The latter has more throughput; however, sometimes records are getting left behind. On the other hand, the existing consensus algorithms that determine who can add new records into a ledger, are particularly energy-intensive, unfair, or deemed infeasible for resource-constrained Things. In this paper, a novel consensus algorithm based on Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs)-to-Blockchain is proposed in horizontal architecture to mitigate the scalability issues, in which every limited number of nodes are grouped. It consists of five permissioned nodes of different responsibilities: (i) Things send data from sensors with signature to Edge. Every interval, (ii) each Edge node chooses a random number, and auto-decrement it. The first node reaches zero, becomes the winner that can add the verified data temporally to the DAG ledger (Cobweb) depends on uniform distribution. The rest of the nodes who are waiting for the leader, rate it based on its work (rate scores from 1-to-5) after accepting Cobweb from it. (iii) Fog node is chosen randomly from Edge to send Cobweb periodically with authentication to reduce the required storage. (iv) Cloud nodes receive and add it permanently to the Blockchain ledger with global accessibility. (v) Queen node is located between Fog and Cloud, which monitors the network. The proposal is emulated and evaluated in the real-time scenario. |
20,329 | Please write an abstract with title: Distinguishing Orthodontic Experts From Laypersons Through Gaze Analysis, and key words: Expertise, eye tracking, gaze, machine learning, orthodontist. Abstract: Visual inspection is an important process conducted as an initial diagnostic step in medical examinations. It is assumed that the gaze movements of an orthodontist (expert) differ from those of a layperson. In this study, to examine whether the degree of proficiency in conducting a visual examination can be estimated from gaze movement, we conducted a gaze measurement experiment in which facial images (frontal and lateral images of three patients) were viewed by ten experts and ten laypersons. The performance in discriminating whether a subject was an expert or layperson exhibited a certain improvement when applying an aggregation method for the gaze data, that is, the grid gaze frequency and AOI gaze frequency. We examined whether proficiency levels could be determined using machine learning techniques. The results demonstrated that our method distinguished experts and laypersons relatively effectively using gaze frequency based on the grid and area of interest set by an expert for each face part. |
20,330 | Please write an abstract with title: A OneM2M Intrusion Detection and Prevention System based on Edge Machine Learning, and key words: Performance evaluation, Dimensionality reduction, Image edge detection, Intrusion detection, Security, Internet of Things, Standards. Abstract: As Internet of Things (IoT) is widely spread and is becoming heterogeneous, a growing number of connected devices are the focus of security threats. Hence, a standardized security strategy seems required. OneM2M [1] is a global standard initiative designed to satisfy the need for a common horizontal platform for the multi-industry M2M/IoT applications. In this paper, we propose an Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS), for the Service Layer introduced by the oneM2M standard. To our knowledge, it is the first generic IDPS for the oneM2M Service Layer based on Edge Machine Leaning (ML). We will detail, in this work, the strategy of the oneM2M-IDPS. Moreover, we investigate the performance of ML algorithms on the oneM2M generated dataset to choose the best ones for our IDPS. Since we are in the context of tiny devices (IoT), we pay attention in our experiments to the features dimension reduction in ML and thus, to the size of trained models. |
20,331 | Please write an abstract with title: A compact gamma camera for biological imaging, and key words: Cameras, Optical imaging, Mice, Animals, Photomultipliers, Optical coupling, Optical collimators, Image edge detection, Position sensitive particle detectors, Solid scintillation detectors. Abstract: A compact detector, sized particularly for imaging a mouse, is described. The active area of the detector is approximately 46 mm /spl times/ 96 mm. Two flat-panel Hamamatsu H8500 position-sensitive photomultiplier tubes (PSPMTs) are coupled to a pixellated NaI(Tl) scintillator which views the animal through a copper-beryllium (CuBe) parallel-hole collimator specially designed for /sup 125/I. Although the PSPMTs have insensitive areas at their edges and there is a physical gap, corrections for scintillation light collection at the junction between the two tubes results in a uniform response across the entire rectangular area of the detector. The system described has been developed to optimize both sensitivity and resolution for in-vivo imaging of small animals injected with iodinated compounds. We demonstrate an in-vivo application of this detector, particularly to SPECT, by imaging mice injected with approximately 10-15 /spl mu/Ci of /sup 125/I. |
20,332 | Please write an abstract with title: NDVI Method for Near-Infrared Image Analysis for Health Monitoring of Ornamental Plants Spathiphyllum Wallisii Mauna LOA, and key words: Image analysis, Vegetation mapping, Software, Reflection, Indexes, Interviews, Information technology. Abstract: The vegetation index is used to describe the intensity of plants in an area in the image. Vegetation is a mathematical combination between the red band and the NIR (Near-Infrared Radiation) band, which has long been used to indicate the presence and condition of vegetation. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a plant index that utilizes red and infrared light. Chlorophyllin leaves affect the reflection of infrared rays, where healthy plants can reflect lighter than infrared, which involves healthy or unhealthy plants. Therefore, the algorithm used to determine the chlorophyll content in this study is NDVI. Data and information collection methods used are observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. The results of this study indicate that the Ornamental Plant Spathiphyllum Wallisii Mauna Loa has an average vegetation index value of 0.33333, which indicates that the average health of this plant is in normal conditions. |
20,333 | Please write an abstract with title: A CubeSat Power Supply Implementing a Zero Voltage Switching Resonant Buck Converter Design with Low Electronic & Radio Frequency Noise, and key words: Buck converters, Power supplies, Instruments, Resonant frequency, Frequency conversion, Control systems, CubeSat. Abstract: Noise from power supplies can be a limiting factor in how well scientific instruments on CubeSats can perform. Instruments such as microwave radiometers, wide-band software defined radios, or precipitation instruments are all affected by electronic and radio frequency (RF) noise. Current hybrid DC/DC converter technologies can also be prone to failure and anomalies during flight. A solution to this problem is to create a DC/DC power converter with a low-noise circuit design. This paper presents a solution for a CubeSat power supply to become more effective and efficient by reducing the noise coupled through power supply switching so that the power converter does not affect the CubeSat instruments. |
20,334 | Please write an abstract with title: Outage Probability in Large-Scale Antenna System for Cooperative Network, and key words: Closed-form solutions, Cooperative systems, Probability, Probability density function, Power system reliability, Relays, Antennas. Abstract: In this paper, we consider a relay-assisted cooperative network having a large number of antenna across relay station (RS), which assist source and destination node. In the first part of this work, a closed-form expression for the PDF of end-to-end (E2E) SNR has been derived. With the help of derived PDF, a nearly closed-form expression for outage probability has also been derived, which is a function of multiple parameters like minimum E2E SNR, number of RS antenna and many more. During outage formulation, all integration is not fully integrable. Hence numerical integration technique has been used for solving a complex integral. Keeping other constraints remain fixed, the impact of a number of antenna across RS and destination node over outage probability has been numerically verified. |
20,335 | Please write an abstract with title: DC Microgrid Experimental System at KIT and its Autonomous Distributed DC Voltage Control Method, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Supply and demand, Microgrids, Production, Linear programming, Discharges (electric), Data models. Abstract: We have been conducting the electric heating-linked DC microgrid demonstration experiment aiming at local production for local consumption of renewable energy resources since 2018. The generated power is supplied to the cottage where the staff live by the DC 360V feeder. In this paper, we propose new autonomous distributed method of charge and discharge control of storage batteries that balance supply and demand of DC power. This method is formulated as an optimization problem with the objective function of maximizing the operation duration when the DC microgrid operates in independent operation. Firstly, the outline of the demonstration experiment will be explained. Next, the outline of the DC voltage control method and the simulation evaluation results using the real data from the site will be explained. |
20,336 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal design of a novel 2-DOF compliant parallel micromanipulator for nanomanipulation, and key words: Micromanipulators, Kinematics, Fasteners, Atomic force microscopy, Manufacturing, Nanoelectromechanical systems, Assembly, Manipulators, Two dimensional displays, Performance analysis. Abstract: A new two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) compliant parallel micromanipulator (CPM) utilizing flexure joints has been proposed for two-dimensional (2-D) nanomanipulation in this paper. The system is developed by a careful design and proper selection of electrical and mechanical components. Based upon the developed PRB model, both the position and velocity kinematic modelings have been performed in details, and the CPM's workspace area is determined analytically in view of the physical constraints imposed by pizeo-actuators and flexure hinges. Moreover, in order to achieve a maximum workspace subjected to the given dexterity indices, kinematic optimization of the design parameters has been carried out, which leads to a manipulator satisfying the requirement of this work. Simulation results reveal that the designed CPM can perform a high dexterous manipulation within its workspace. |
20,337 | Please write an abstract with title: Recursive least-squares method with membership functions, and key words: Linear regression, Recursive estimation, Parameter estimation, Systems engineering and theory, Fuzzy neural networks, Time varying systems, Vectors, Training data, Equations, Least squares approximation. Abstract: Linear regression with the recursive least-squares algorithm is widely used for parameter estimation. However, in a number of cases, linear regression is not sufficient to accurately correlate a process. A method combining the recursive least-squares algorithm and membership functions is presented to overcome the shortcoming of traditional linear regression in that multiple linear sub-models with different coefficients are used. The model coefficients can be tuned recursively according to the membership functions preset for the models. Simulation results show that this method can be used with good performance for nonlinear process, which is previously difficult to be estimated by using the traditional linear regression. |
20,338 | Please write an abstract with title: A simple approximate solution for the total current distribution on a thick short tubular antenna, and key words: Current distribution, Kernel, Chebyshev approximation, Integral equations, Mathematical model, Green's function methods, Polynomials, Diffraction. Abstract: A simple formula is given for the approximate total current distribution on the electrically thick short tubular transmitting antenna driven by a delta-function source. |
20,339 | Please write an abstract with title: Simplified Digital Coherent Technologies for Beyond 100G Optical Access Systems in the B5G/6G era, and key words: Optical fibers, Ultraviolet sources, Solids, Optical fiber communication. Abstract: We review the latest progress in simplified digital coherent technologies suitable for beyond 100G optical access systems, which will be a key optical platform for meeting the very wide range of extreme requirements of beyond 5G/6G users. |
20,340 | Please write an abstract with title: PC-Based System For Electrocardiography And Data Acquisition, and key words: Electrocardiography, Data acquisition, Graphical user interfaces, Universal Serial Bus, Mobile communication, Heart, Instruments, Mobile computing, Communication standards, Microcomputers. Abstract: Design and realization of a PC-based system for electrocardiography and data acquisition of a patient's heart condition is described in this paper. The system is designed and realized according to virtual instrumentation concept and it consists of two subsystems: I) external compact and mobile ECG acquisition module with USB communication interface and 2) standard personal computer with graphical user interface and database support. The USB port is selected to be the communication interface between the ECG acquisition module and the PC and also to supply power to the module. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) is designed in the traditional style of ECG paper plots and additional displays based on suggestions of cardiologists. Strict medical requirements are respected in the design of the system. |
20,341 | Please write an abstract with title: Urban Intersection Management Strategies for Autonomous/Connected/Conventional Vehicle Fleet Mixtures, and key words: Connected vehicles, Roads, Real-time systems, Green products, Delays, Optimization, Mathematical model. Abstract: Connected Vehicles and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) provide various sources of vehicular related information to intersection infrastructure by integrating on-board sensors processing, wireless communication and other Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) technologies. Thus connected vehicle technologies can potentially remedy data collection limitations of existing urban intersection managements, enhancing the performances of intersection controls such as reducing vehicle delay, reducing vehicle number of stops and improving energy efficiency. This paper reviews optimization-based signal controls for different penetrations of connected vehicles and conventional vehicles environments, autonomous intersection management specific to completely 100% AVs road states, as well as signal-trajectory joint control for different adoptions of conventional vehicles, CVs and AVs mixture environments. Real time data processing, signal timing optimizations, vehicle trajectory motion planning and evaluation frameworks are summarized to highlight the advantages and limitations of respective intersection control paradigms. It is important to recognize that realistic scenarios in comparative assessments for proposed methods need to be achieved in future works. The effectiveness of different approaches is challenging to be compared without complete evaluation frameworks, and sensitivity analysis and hypothesis tests involving variety penetration rates and flow demands should be performed in order to test the stability of methods in different scenarios. |
20,342 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Improvement of Wind Turbine Control using Fractional Order PID Controller with PSO Optimized gains, and key words: Wind turbines, Mathematical model, Actuators, Tuning, Time-domain analysis, Torque. Abstract: In this paper, the Fractional Order PID controller (FOPID) application is investigated to improve the efficiency of the wind turbine system. Pitch angle control strategy is adopted and FOPID gains are calculated using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. Additionally, to make the mathematical model more practical the concept of dead time is introduced. To verify the performance of proposed technique simulation is conducted for various conditions and different values of dead time. Performances are recorded for conventional PID and FOPID + PSO controllers for different time domain criteria along with integral square error and integral absolute error. Results manifest that applying FOPID+PSO is efficacious and it can maintain better closed loop performance over conventional PID control. |
20,343 | Please write an abstract with title: IEEE Standard 149-2021: <i>IEEE Recommended Practice for Antenna Measurements</i> [Stand on Standards], and key words: Antenna measurements, IEEE Standards, Antenna radiation patterns. Abstract: The document focuses on the measurement of the fundamental property of any antenna, which is its radiation pattern. |
20,344 | Please write an abstract with title: Intrusion Measurement and Detection in LAN Using Protocol-Wise Associative Memory, and key words: Associative memory, Protocols, Neural networks, Hopfield neural networks, Prototypes, Network intrusion detection, Telecommunication traffic. Abstract: Nowadays, more and more devices are connected to the Internet, with enormous information transmitted on it. Malware spread through a local area network (LAN) can infect lots of internal users. A network intrusion detection system aims to safeguard a network from these malicious attacks. We proposed an efficient and adaptive intrusion measurement and detection approach based on protocol-wise associative memory of Hopfield networks, where the network traffic features related to several protocols including ARP, TCP, and UDP were stored. By evolving the neural network's energy state, we reconstructed a stored feature pattern from the input of novel network traffic. We evaluated the scheme using the recall and the divergence rate. At last, we achieved an average validation recall score of 0.9591 for detecting various malicious network events. |
20,345 | Please write an abstract with title: Response to Jiau et al.'s comments, and key words: Unified modeling language, Aggregates, Documentation. Abstract: The consistency problems in UML models and related software processes can be very complex. First, although UML supports a modeling process that should yield inter and intraconsistent models, the meaning of the UML dependencies and their specializations is not precisely defined and, for this reason, many inconsistencies may appear in their models and processes. Precise definitions would form a basis for methods to detect and analyze consistency problems related to UML dependencies and relationships, as well as problems related to software processes described in UML. In addition, we are using the UML object constraint language (OCL) to describe constraints related to the framework instantiation process. OCL is recognized as a limited language in some aspects for expressing well-formedness rules. We have presented a method (T.C. Oliveira et al., 2004) that works in the case of consistent rules and consistent instantiation processes. |
20,346 | Please write an abstract with title: A virtual reality system for dissecting vertebrates with an observation function, and key words: Vibrations, Animals, Education, Virtual reality, Aerospace electronics, Control systems, Haptic interfaces. Abstract: Giving chances of hands-on experience is important for K-12 education, in order to make students obtain deep understanding. However, there is less opportunities of such experience in science education in Japan, due to some reasons. Therefore, in this paper, a virtual reality system is proposed with which the students can interactively experiment the dissection of vertebrate animals. Through a series of four stages in VR space, the proposed system provides a learner to learn the inner structure of the animal and the procedure of the dissection. Also giving the haptic sense in use of the vibration on the hand controllers, the system represents difference between alive and dead, so that the learner has a chance to think of the animal ethics. |
20,347 | Please write an abstract with title: Market Mechanism Design of Inertia and Primary Frequency Response With Consideration of Energy Market, and key words: Generators, Renewable energy sources, Power system stability, Wind turbines, Power systems, Frequency response, Piecewise linear techniques. Abstract: The shortage of inertia and primary frequency response (IPFR) will be more severe in future power systems since conventional fossil-based synchronous generators are gradually being replaced by variable renewable energy (VRE) generators. To relieve the shortage of IPFR, corresponding market mechanisms should be designed and incorporated to motivate appropriate provision from various sources. The mechanism of IPFR provision from different types of generators and its tight relation with energy production should receive particular attention. This paper proposes a novel IPFR market mechanism in which the energy market is taken into joint consideration. The virtual inertia and droop factor provided by VRE generators are defined and introduced, considering its dominant share in future power systems. A differentiated pricing scheme is designed towards incentive compatibility, considering provision from different types of generators with different quality levels and opportunity costs. Then, the proposed IPFR market mechanism is formulated, and a modified piecewise linearization method is utilized to simplify the non-linear nadir constraints. Finally, the model is tested on a modified IEEE 30-bus system according to historical data in CAISO. The results indicate the proposed mechanism could increase the utilization of VREs, decrease system operation costs, and guarantee reasonable payback for various types of generators. |
20,348 | Please write an abstract with title: Peer-to-peer determination of proximity using wireless network data, and key words: Peer to peer computing, Wireless networks, Calibration, Application software, Global Positioning System, Databases, Europe, Software systems, Noise level, Keyboards. Abstract: Observing that some applications require device location information only for calculating relative distances to each other, we propose a proximity measurement algorithm based on wireless network signal strength that requires no calibration and operates in a peer-to-peer way with low overhead. We describe this method and report its precision and recall. |
20,349 | Please write an abstract with title: Motion Simulation of Electric Tracked Vehicle Based on Virtual Reality Fusion, and key words: Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Tracking, Prototypes, Virtual reality, Kinematics, Real-time systems. Abstract: The development of electric tracked vehicle is gradually mature, but the research on its virtual simulation and verification has the problem of single function and poor authenticity. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a virtual simulation platform for electric tracked vehicle based on virtual reality fusion. The platform uses three-dimensional digital prototype technology to complete the modeling including the motion scene, the whole vehicle and the transmission mechanism respectively, and uses the standard CAD interface to complete the data transformation. CAN bus communication is used to obtain the real movement state of external vehicles in real time by developing data transmission interface. Real-time control of vehicle model and virtual assembly display based on Unity 3D. Virtual simulation results show that the platform can complete the assembly and kinematic verification of vehicles, which can guide the optimization design verification of digital prototype. |
20,350 | Please write an abstract with title: Temporal and spatial current stability of smart field emission arrays, and key words: MOSFETs, Circuit stability. Abstract: Emission current stability and the spatial uniformity of field emission devices are improved when a lightly doped drain MOSFET (LD-MOSFET) is integrated with a field emission array (FEA). At comparable current levels, the emission noise (/spl Delta/I/I) decreased from 16.9% to 1.8%. Emission current fluctuation was reduced in the integrated device compared to the FEA device even in the presence of gases. Spatial current uniformity was achieved in the integrated MOSFET/FEA devices at different wafer positions and for different array sizes. The results are explained by a two-step field emission process, which consists of an electron supply step determined by the MOSFET inversion layer and an electron transmission step determined by the field emission barrier width. The device structure also results in low voltage control of emission current. |
20,351 | Please write an abstract with title: Synchronization Control for Microgrid Seamless Reconnection, and key words: Microgrids, Synchronization, Voltage control, Frequency synchronization, Reactive power, Power system stability, Frequency control. Abstract: In the three-phase distribution network, the microgrid is widely used for increasing reliability and stability of the power grid. The microgrid is a small power grid that can connect to the utility grid via circuit breaker or switch at the point of common coupling (PCC). On standalone mode, the microgrid will supply power to the local loads by itself, and change to provide or consume power from the utility grid on grid-connected mode. However, during transfer from standalone to grid-connected mode, if the microgrid is reconnected without synchronization, the out-of-phase reclosing might be occur. It is a major cause that can affect to the power system due to large inrush current or overvoltage during transition mode. Thus, in order to dispose of this problem, the frequency, phase, and amplitude voltage between two grids need to synchronize before reconnection. In this paper, a synchronization control has been proposed for microgrid seamless reconnection. The additional Distributed Generator (DG) is installed at PCC and assigned to be Dispatch Unit (DU). DU is controlled by Droop Control for generating the electric power to adjust the frequency, phase, and amplitude voltage of the microgrid at PCC during the synchronization process in order to reconnect to the utility grid. The proposed method is performed by eliminating the difference of frequency, phase, and amplitude voltage during transition modes. The simulation has been performed in Matlab/Simulink. |
20,352 | Please write an abstract with title: A comparative analysis of photovoltaic street lighting systems installed in Thailand, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Solar power generation, Fluorescent lamps, Batteries, Costs, Protection, Fasteners, Circuits, Performance analysis, System performance. Abstract: This paper presents a comparative analysis of photovoltaic (PV) street lighting system in three different lamps. Namely, a low pressure sodium lamp a high pressure sodium lamp and a fluorescent lamp have been used for installation in each mast to determine the suitable system to install in a typical rural area of Thailand. All three systems have been mounted with the same module type and wattage in different places within the Rajamangala Institute of Technology, Thanyaburi district, Pathumthani province of Thailand. An operation of solar street lighting system can be divided into 2 period of time, namely, at 18.00-22.00 hours and 05.00-06.00 hours. The design of a control circuit was experimentally done in this work. Protection of the battery from damage for deep discharge and overcharge by a controller was also considered. The life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is the appropriate method for comparing three different lamps. The present worth of each system can be compared and the least cost option selected. LCCA was based on the key assumptions (year 2002). The results of comparative analysis of the PV street lighting systems with a fluorescent lamp has been the appropriate system for installation in a typical rural area of Thailand when the cost of lamps, system performance and possibility for purchasing the components of the system have been considered. |
20,353 | Please write an abstract with title: Interpretation of DGA for Transformer Fault Diagnosis with Step-by-step feature selection and SCA-RVM, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Performance evaluation, Oils, Redundancy, Oil insulation, Feature extraction, Power grids. Abstract: Oil-filled transformer is one of the important devices in power grid. To enhance the accuracy of transformer fault diagnosis and to ensure the stable performance of power system, an initial feature set, composed of the volume fraction of the seven dissolved gas and the constituted twenty-eight-set of dissolved gases selected by the step-by-step feature and SCA-RVM, is raised by analyzing the dissolved gas in oil. Then the ReliefF algorithm is used to select the sensitive features to be fused later. After that, the redundancy of the fused features is eliminated by the kernel LDA (KLDA), and lastly the step-by-step features are fed into the SCA-RVM diagnosis model. The result shows that, the accuracy of the diagnosis model can reach as high as 97.01%. Therefore, with the superior accuracy, this model can provide some references in transformer fault diagnosis. |
20,354 | Please write an abstract with title: Cloth simulation based on local adaptive subdivision and merging, and key words: Merging, Computational modeling, Solid modeling, Animation, Design automation, Adaptive mesh refinement, Artificial intelligence, Laboratories, Physics computing, Springs. Abstract: To speed up cloth simulation while achieving realistic simulation results, a local adaptive Catmull-Clark subdivision is adopted in this paper. During the growing phase of cloth simulation, several new particles are added to the system if the cloth grids collide with rigid objects. The cloth grids are merged later when coarse grids are sufficient. In this article, a mass-spring model is developed for rectangle grids. Collision detection and response methods for local adaptive subdivision are also described. The exploitation of cache control instruction set and SIMD instructions allow us to achieve nearly 100% FPU utilization. The algorithm supports tradeoffs between simulation time and realistic results. |
20,355 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of Word Vector Representation Techniques with Machine-Learning Classifiers for Sentiment Analysis of Public Facebook Page’s Comments in Myanmar Text, and key words: Facebook, Training, Logistics, Sentiment analysis, Context modeling, Data mining. Abstract: This paper presents a study of comparison on three different machine learning techniques to sentiment analysis for Myanmar language. The fundamental part of sentiment analysis (SA) is to extract and identify the subjective information that is social sentiment in the source text. The sentiment class is positive, neutral or negative of a comment. The experiments are done on the collected 10,000 Facebook comments in Myanmar language. The objective of this study is to increase the accuracy of the sentiment identification by using the concept of word embeddings. Word2Vec is used to train for producing high-dimensional word vectors that learns the syntactic and semantic of word. The resulting word vectors train Machine Learning algorithms in the form of classifiers for sentiment identification. This experimental results prove that the use of word embeddings from the collected real world datasets improved the accuracy of sentiments classification and Logistic Regression outperformed the other two ML methods in terms of accuracy and F-measures. |
20,356 | Please write an abstract with title: Practical Use of Machine Learning in the Minecraft Computer Game, and key words: Training, Machine learning algorithms, Conferences, Games, Machine learning. Abstract: This article investigates the use of the Minecraft computer game for the implementation and training of machine learning algorithms. In the introduction, an analysis of works on this topic is described. Similar experiments using Minecraft are also discussed. The experimental part describes the process of implementing a game modification, which adds a new AI-controlled character to the game. As the result, examples of work that reflect the possibilities of using machine learning are shown. In conclusion, the pros and cons of this work are given basing on the results of the experiment. |
20,357 | Please write an abstract with title: Luminaire-Free Gigabits per second LiFi Transmission employing WDM-over-POF, and key words: Wireless communication, Optical fibers, Wireless sensor networks, Indoor communication, Throughput, Wavelength division multiplexing, Optical fiber communication. Abstract: A transmission link comprising wavelength division multiplexing over 1mm core size step-index plastic optical fibre and up to 1.6m free space is demonstrated for indoor optical wireless communication. Throughputs of more than 2 Gbps has been achieved using 2 wavelengths and discrete multitone. |
20,358 | Please write an abstract with title: Applying word sense disambiguation to question answering system for e-learning, and key words: Electronic learning, Information retrieval, Data mining, Databases, Humans, Information management, Information science, Computer science, Knowledge engineering, Councils. Abstract: Interaction between the student and the instructor is important for the student to gain knowledge. Also, one of the major tasks on the instructor in e-learning is to reply student e-mails and posted messages. Students usually raise their questions by these two methods in an e-learning environment. In this paper, we introduce a semantic-based automated question answering system that can act like a virtual teacher to respond to student questions online. With the system, not only the instructor can be relieved from the load of answering lots of questions, but also the student can mostly get answers promptly without waiting for the instructor to get online and provide an answer. This would be a big help for both the instructor and the student in e-learning environment. Through the process of raising questions and getting answers, the knowledge base will be enriched for future questions answering. Further, not only the students can get answers for their questions, but also the instructors could know what problems students encounter in learning. These would be big aids to both the teaching and the learning. |
20,359 | Please write an abstract with title: Capacity of an IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN supporting VoIP, and key words: Wireless LAN, Internet telephony, Delay, Wireless networks, Wireless application protocol, Land mobile radio cellular systems, Telecommunication traffic, Media Access Protocol, Upper bound, Analytical models. Abstract: In this paper we evaluate the capacity of an IEEE 802.11b network carrying voice calls in a wide range of scenarios, including varying delay constraints, channel conditions and voice call quality requirements. We consider both G.711 and G.729 voice encoding schemes and a range of voice packet sizes. We first present an analytical upper bound and, using simulation, show it to be tight in scenarios where channel quality is good and delay constraints are weak or absent. We then use simulation to show that capacity is highly sensitive to the delay budget allocated to packetization and wireless network delays. We also show how channel conditions and voice quality requirements affect the capacity. Selecting the optimum amount of voice data per packet is shown to be a trade-off between throughput and delay constraints: by selecting the packet size appropriately given the delay budget and channel conditions, the capacity can be maximized. Unless a very high voice quality requirement precludes its use, G.729 is shown to allow a capacity greater than or equal to that when G.711 is used, for a given quality requirement. |
20,360 | Please write an abstract with title: A half-power rating improved 3-phase six-switch boost rectifier using two half controlled configurations with a common DC bus, and key words: Rectifiers, Switches, Circuits, Topology, Reactive power, Active filters, Power harmonic filters, Power supplies, Switching loss, Costs. Abstract: An improved 3-phase isolated controlled rectifier with unity power factor interface and sinusoidal current waveforms is proposed in this paper. The power ratings of the active devices are reduced to half the rated power of the rectifier. The proposed rectifier consists of two complementary isolated half controlled circuits connected to a common DC bus. A 3-phase transformer with one primary and two complementary secondary windings is employed at the AC side for electrical isolation between the source and the load as well as between the two half controlled rectifiers. In addition to functioning as rectifiers, the two complementary circuits act as an active filter for each other in order to eliminate the low order harmonics both in the AC and DC sides. A simple cross-coupled control algorithm has been proposed in order to realize the above scheme. The proposed rectifier is shoot-through safe, requires single power supply for its gate drives and operates with higher efficiency. The higher efficiency is achieved due to lower switching losses since the switches carry only 50% of the rated current. The proposed topology has been studied for future implementation on a 40 kW rectifier using SABER and the simulation results are presented. The proposed topology will provide distinct advantages in terms of cost and ruggedness of the system compared to existing regular six switch inverters. |
20,361 | Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Post-filtration Smoothing using Lossless Compression for Heart Rate Variability Obtained from a Very Noisy ECG, and key words: Electrodes, Smoothing methods, Sensitivity, Filtering, Wearable computers, Electrocardiography, Muscles. Abstract: Wearable devices have great potential in a personalized assessment of human health. In this regard, it seems, the most promising are devices that receive an ECG signal for further calculation of heart rate variability based on a sequence of RR intervals. However, the ECG signal is often exposed to high-intensity noise caused, in particular, by electrodes motion and muscle artefacts. The study shows the need to use the post-filtration smoothing, depending on the values of the ECG lossless compression ratio before and after filtration. Thresholds of ECG compression were found, below which it is recommended to use such smoothing. Also, noise types and heart rate values (HR) were determined at which smoothing improves the sensitivity and precision of determining R-peaks. Besides, a criterion was found, the use of which allows assessing the need for ECG smoothing to improve its quality, in terms of the mean square error (MSE), for all studied types of noise and HR values. This criterion is the difference between the lossless compression ratios of a smoothed ECG after filtering and the filtered ECG. If this difference is greater than zero, then the ECG quality will be improved through the use of smoothing, in terms of MSE. The results of the study are confirmed using the base of real ECGs - MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. |
20,362 | Please write an abstract with title: Sketch: A simple-to-use programming system for visually guided robotic arc welding, and key words: Robot programming, Welding, Robotics and automation, Robot vision systems, Automatic programming, Machine vision, Design automation, Computer aided manufacturing, CADCAM, Manufacturing automation. Abstract: Programmability, the principal advantage of a robot over traditional hard automation, may become more difficult to achieve when vision systems are used to enhance robot capabilities because such systems may add a significant level of complexity to the programming task. CAD/CAM data on which to base automatic program generation are expensive and unavailable in many applications, particularly in small batch or low volume manufacturing. The SKETCH automatic programming facility, described in this paper, is designed for use in programming a visually guided robotic arc-welding system in those applications for which CAD/CAM-based off-line robot programming is either infeasable or unavailable. This facility was developed as part of SRI's ongoing research into machine-vision-based guidance and control of robots for arc welding and is designed to allow a skilled welder to program the vision system quickly and easily by sketching on a graphics screen the cross section of the seam to be welded. |
20,363 | Please write an abstract with title: Producing multiple qubits via spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and key words: Electric potential, Qubit, Power lasers, Photonic crystals, Production, Laser excitation, Laser beams. Abstract: We have designed Gaussian masks to subdivide the pump beam before passing it through a BBO. In this way, present an approach to possibly produce multiple entangled photon pairs through spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). |
20,364 | Please write an abstract with title: Comparative Study of Evolutionary Algorithms for a Hybrid Analog Design Optimization with the use of Deep Neural Networks, and key words: Training, Neural networks, Training data, Prediction algorithms, Optimization, Genetic algorithms, Design optimization. Abstract: Analog design optimization is the process of optimizing the circuit parameters to achieve specific performance metrics. In order to choose the best optimization methodology, a comparative study between different methodologies is needed. This work introduces hybrid design optimization method that combines Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) or Genetic Algorithm (GA) with a multi-output Deep Neural Network (DNN) to obtain both fast and accurate circuit optimizer. A CMOS Miller op-amp is used as an example of the optimization problem. Training data for the DNN is extracted with Mentor Analog Fast Spice (AFS) and using TSMC 90nm PDK. This work gives important insights on how to choose the best DNN structure by showing that using Adadelta optimizer in the DNN training phase is the best compared to Adagrad and Gradient Descent(GD). Moreover, it is proven that there is an optimum size of the DNN to achieve the least prediction error. Finally, a comparative study between PSO and GA algorithms proved that PSO has less failure rate for all test iterations. |
20,365 | Please write an abstract with title: KAMICA, a new deflation ICA algorithm based on Kurtosis alternating maximization, and key words: Source separation, Particle separators, Noise reduction, Independent component analysis, Electrocardiography, Linear programming, Sensor systems. Abstract: In this article, a new Kurtosis based deflation Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithm is proposed. Contrary to conventional Kurtosis based deflation ICA algorithms where the separator vector is obtained by optimizing a given Kurtosis-based objective function using gradient-like approaches, the proposed algorithm performs a component-wise optimization of this separator vector through an alternating maximization strategy. This leads to an exact computation of each component of the separator vector by simply rooting a 4-th order polynomial derived from the objective function. The good performance of the proposed algorithm is confirmed and compared to two well known ICA algorithms, namely FastICA and RobustICA. |
20,366 | Please write an abstract with title: Consistent Intra-Video Contrastive Learning With Asynchronous Long-Term Memory Bank, and key words: Videos, Task analysis, Graphics processing units, Semantics, Three-dimensional displays, Representation learning, Memory management. Abstract: Unsupervised representation learning for videos has recently achieved remarkable performance owing to the effectiveness of contrastive learning. Most works on video contrastive learning (VCL) pull all snippets from the same video into the same category, even if some of them are from different actions, leading to temporal collapse, i.e., the snippet representations of a video are invariable with the evolution of time. In this paper, we introduce a novel intra-video contrastive learning (intra-VCL) that further distinguishes intra-video actions to alleviate this issue, which includes an asynchronous long-term memory bank (that caches the representations of all snippets of each video) and mines an extra positive/negative snippet within a video based on the asynchronous long-term memory bank. In addition, since an asynchronous long-term memory bank is required for performing intra-VCL and asynchronous update of the long-term memory leads to inconsistencies when performing contrastive learning, we further propose a consistent contrastive module (CCM) to perform consistent intra-VCL. Specifically, in the CCM, we propose an intra-video self-attention refinement function to reduce the inconsistencies within the asynchronously updated representations (of all snippets of each video) in the long-term memory and an adaptive loss re-weighting to reduce unreliable self-supervision produced by inconsistent contrastive pairs. We call our method as consistent intra-VCL. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed consistent intra-VCL, which achieves state-of-the-art performance on the standard benchmarks of self-supervised action recognition, with top-1 accuracies of 64.2% and 91.0% on HMDB-51 and UCF-101, respectively. |
20,367 | Please write an abstract with title: Low-loss single-mode fiber development and splicing research in Japan, and key words: Splicing, Optical fibers, Optical fiber devices, Propagation losses, Mass production, Glass, Optical device fabrication, Contamination, Manufacturing processes, Absorption. Abstract: This paper introduces the recent development of single-mode optical fiber in Japan, with emphasis laid on experimental studies. A successful trial production of a 0.2 dB/km single-mode fiber (1.55 μm) by the MCVD method, a study on glass compositions of such very low-loss single-mode fiber suitable for mass production and a study of zero-dispersion fiber at the 1.5μm band are described. The paper further contains news about the success in trial manufacture of a continuous 100 km long single-mode fiber by the VAD method and gives a brief description of single-mode fiber splicing, centering on a fusion method, now under development. |
20,368 | Please write an abstract with title: Fuzzy hypersphere neural network classifier, and key words: Fuzzy neural networks, Neural networks, Fuzzy sets, Clustering algorithms, Character recognition, Handwriting recognition, Neurons, Computer science, Educational institutions, Pattern classification. Abstract: In this paper fuzzy hypersphere neural network (FHSNN) is proposed with its learning algorithm. The FHSNN utilizes fuzzy sets as pattern classes in which each fuzzy set is an union of fuzzy set hyperspheres. Its performance is compared with other two fuzzy neural networks and found to be superior with respect to the training time, recall time per pattern and the generalization. |
20,369 | Please write an abstract with title: Curve approximation with quadratic B-splines, and key words: Spline. Abstract: A curve approximation technique using quadratic B-splines is presented in this paper which automatically computes data points to minimize errors. This technique can be useful for efficient storage of geometric shapes in any graphic or CAD applications. The computed data points are the control points and knots of approximating quadratic B-spline curve rather than simple interpolants. Curve approximation is a three step process, involving computation of initial data points from the opening angle plot of given curve, new knot(s) insertion at appropriate location and error minimization by changing knot positions. The algorithm is simple, efficient and robust to any curve model. Demonstrated results show that even higher degree polynomial curves can be approximated with very few data points with reasonable accuracy. |
20,370 | Please write an abstract with title: Laguerre Polynomials and Gradient Descent Approach for Linear Quadratic Optimal Control, and key words: Optimal control, Cost function, Polynomials, Performance analysis, Gradient methods. Abstract: This paper presents a computational approach for solving linear time invariant quadratic optimal control system problem. The proposed approach is classified as a direct method, which is utilized by applying state and control parametrization using a finite length of Laguerre polynomials as a basis function with unknown parameters. In addition, the stochastic gradient descent approach was used to estimate the optimal parameters. Furthermore, this paper provides numerical examples to demonstrate the proficiency of the proposed method. The results of this study showed that using the direct method along with the stochastic gradient descent techniques were effective in solving the linear time invariant quadratic optimal control system problem. |
20,371 | Please write an abstract with title: Spiking Neural Networks with Single-Spike Temporal-Coded Neurons for Network Intrusion Detection, and key words: Training, Neurons, Network intrusion detection, Machine learning, Energy efficiency, Pattern recognition, Biological neural networks. Abstract: Spiking neural network (SNN) is interesting due to its strong bio-plausibility and high energy efficiency. However, its performance is falling far behind conventional deep neural networks (DNNs). In this paper, considering a general class of single-spike temporal-coded integrate-and-fire neurons, we analyze the input-output expressions of both leaky and nonleaky neurons. We show that SNNs built with leaky neurons suffer from the overly-nonlinear and overly-complex input-output response, which is the major reason for their difficult training and low performance. This reason is more fundamental than the commonly believed problem of nondifferentiable spikes. To support this claim, we show that SNNs built with nonleaky neurons can have a less-complex and less-nonlinear input-output response. They can be easily trained and can have superior performance, which is demonstrated by experimenting with the SNNs over two popular network intrusion detection datasets, i.e., the NSL-KDD and the AWID datasets. Our experiment results show that the proposed SNNs outperform a comprehensive list of DNN models and classic machine learning models. This paper demonstrates that SNNs can be promising and competitive in contrast to common beliefs. |
20,372 | Please write an abstract with title: Minimum Loss Control of a Five-phase Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor under Open Phase Fault, and key words: Circuit faults, Torque, Mathematical model, Reluctance motors, Harmonic analysis, Analytical models, Resistance. Abstract: In this paper, the efficiency of a five-phase Nd- based permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor has been analyzed to perform optimal efficiency control under different two-phase open fault (TPF) conditions. Since in a PMaSynRM, the torque is generated primarily due to the saliency, under phase lost conditions, the performance of this machine deteriorates heavily. The major reasons behind this are the 1) phase lost condition creates non-uniform flux distribution in the airgap, 2) remaining phase currents become unbalanced, 3) unexpected current harmonics show up, and 4) optimal control angle shifts from its original. With all these effects, the PMaSynRM performs very inefficiently. Therefore, the maximum efficiency control becomes critical. However, maintaining maximum efficiency in the TPF condition is challenging, which requires a smart, fast, and adaptive control strategy to perform a smooth long-term operation. In this paper, particular attention is given to developing an analytical fault model followed by finite element modeling, which is utilized to calculate the efficiency accurately of the PMa-SynRM under faults. Also, an advanced control method has been adopted to continue the maximum efficiency control in those faults. |
20,373 | Please write an abstract with title: Building an Optimal Model of Cognitive Using KLM and Complexity Theory in Human Computer Interface, and key words: Computer interfaces, Analytical models, Computational modeling, User interfaces, Maintenance engineering, Time measurement, Complexity theory. Abstract: By the implementation of Keystroke Level model (KLM) in Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection (GO MS) and cognitive complexity theory over computer interface, a student's cognitive level is scrutinized. When a student answers the questions, the goal factor of evaluation can be measured by the user interaction. The designing of user interface can be developed based on cognitive model by conducting laboratory test to determine the exact task. The time is set as 45 minutes to complete the task for student's test performance. Cognitive complexity theory and Keystroke Level model is specifically used to measure the time task. By the exploit of usability metrics to evaluate in terms of effectiveness test, expertise or efficiency of task and satisfaction test can be processed under usability testing Finally, the system can prove the software quality, based on ISO/IEC 9126-4 Metrics. Moreover, a new calibration curve which can analyze the ability of three independent variable that expresses the goodness fit of corresponding data is discussed for better process in dataset maintenance. |
20,374 | Please write an abstract with title: On the probability density of a maximum likelihood mean frequency estimator, and key words: Frequency estimation, Maximum likelihood estimation, Polynomials, Signal processing algorithms, Speech processing, Convergence, Circuits, Digital filters, Multidimensional signal processing, Signal processing. Abstract: A simplified derivation of the probability density function of a mean frequency estimator that equates the mean to the location of the peak of the discrete power spectrum is presented. Although the model in which the signal straddles at most two spectral coefficients is emphasized, the general case of arbitrary signal leakage is also worked out in detail. Previous work on this topic implies that n! (n - 1)-tuple integrals must be evaluated for an n-sample DFT estimator. Our approach demonstrates that the derivation can proceed in a much more straightforward manner. |
20,375 | Please write an abstract with title: Analytic model of I-V Characteristics of 4H-SiC MESFETs based on multiparameter mobility model, and key words: Resonant tunneling diodes, Temperature measurement, Indium compounds. Abstract: A physical analytic model is developed for behavior of electron transport, and for the output current-voltage (I-V ) characteristics in 4H-SiC metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MESFETs). In this model, different analytical expressions are used for the electron mobility as a function of electric field and for the velocity-field relationship. Compared with the empirical three-parameter model, the multiparameter mobility model proposed in this paper is comparatively more realistic, since it better reproduces the drift velocity-field characteristics obtained by Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. Thus, the resulting I-V characteristics are in excellent agreement with experimental data. |
20,376 | Please write an abstract with title: A Gate Level Model for CMOS Combinational Logic Circuits with Application to Fault Detection, and key words: Semiconductor device modeling, CMOS logic circuits, Combinational circuits, Electrical fault detection, Circuit testing, Circuit faults, Logic circuits, CMOS technology, Logic testing, Logic gates. Abstract: A procedure to derive gate level equivalent circuits for CMOS combinational logic circuits is given. The procedure leads to a model containing AND, OR and NOT gates. Specifically it does not require memory elements as does an earlier model and also uses fewer gates. It is shown that tests for classical stuck-at-0 and stuck-at-1 faults in the equivalent circuit can be used to detect line stuck-at, stuck-open and stuck-on faults in the modeled CMOS circuit. |
20,377 | Please write an abstract with title: Addressing Cold Start Challenges In Recommender Systems: Towards A New Hybrid Approach, and key words: Recommender systems, Collaboration, Semantics, Task analysis, Electromagnetic interference, Tools, Singular value decomposition. Abstract: Along with the rapid expansion of data in information systems, managing and searching for personalized information has become a tedious task. Users are overwhelmed by a wide range of available choices. It then becomes necessary to have access to effective tools and techniques to filter data and make it usable for everyday operations. Recommender systems have been considered as key tools for assisting the user and providing her with more effective access to information through personalized recommendations based on prior feedback. However, this becomes difficult when the rating or purchase history is not available. This is known as the cold start problem. To fill these gaps, this paper proposes a new hybrid approach considering three main modules and relying on the combination of semantic recommendation, demographic recommendation, and Singular Value Decomposition-based collaborative recommendation. |
20,378 | Please write an abstract with title: Experimental Validation of Optical Wireless Receiver using Solar Panel with Bandwidth Enhancement Circuit, and key words: Wireless communication, Vehicular and wireless technologies, Optical design, Bandwidth, Optical receivers, Solar panels, Optical transmitters. Abstract: This paper presents a bandwidth enhancement circuit that enhances the 3 dB bandwidth of an off-the-shelf solar panel based receiver system for optical wireless communication. Experiment results show enhancement of the 3 dB bandwidth from 163 kHz to 1.62 MHz. A data rate of 1.5 Mbps is achieved with the OOK modulation scheme over the VLC link of 1 m. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest data rate using solar panel as a receiver with OOK modulation. Low-cost, larger receiving area, ease of integration with other devices make the proposed system an environment-friendly and energy-efficient solution for optical wireless communication. |
20,379 | Please write an abstract with title: A Low Cross-Axis Sensitivity Micro-Grating Accelerometer With Double-Layer Cantilever Beams, and key words: Accelerometers, Structural beams, Sensitivity, Acceleration, Sensors, Laser beams, Optical interferometry. Abstract: The micro-grating accelerometer based on the optical interference displacement measurement method has strict requirements on the parallelism of the interferometer and is susceptible to external interference. This paper proposes a micro-grating accelerometer with double-layer cantilever beams to suppress the effect of cross-axis acceleration and angular acceleration on the performance of the accelerometer. The mechanical characteristics of the designed double-layer cantilever beams structure and the conventional single-layer cantilever beams structure are compared by the finite element method. Theoretical results show that the symmetrical design of the double-layer cantilever beams structure can effectively reduce the cross-axis sensitivity. Under the same limit resolution, the torsional stiffness is increased by 50 times, which effectivity suppresses the disturbance of angular acceleration. The experimental results demonstrate that the designed structure has excellent linearity performance and low cross-axis sensitivity. The nonlinearity is reduced from 0.35% to 40.6 ppm, and the cross-axis sensitivity is better than 64.4 ppm. |
20,380 | Please write an abstract with title: ER Catcher: A Static Analysis Framework for Accurate and Scalable Event-Race Detection in Android, and key words: Concurrent computing, Static analysis, Tools, Real-time systems, Libraries, Erbium, Software engineering. Abstract: Android platform provisions a number of sophisticated concurrency mechanisms for the development of apps. The concurrency mechanisms, while powerful, are quite difficult to properly master by mobile developers. In fact, prior studies have shown concurrency issues, such as event-race defects, to be prevalent among real-world Android apps. In this paper, we propose a flow-, context-, and thread-sensitive static analysis framework, called ER Catcher, for detection of event-race defects in Android apps. ER Catcher introduces a new type of summary function aimed at modeling the concurrent behavior of methods in both Android apps and libraries. In addition, it leverages a novel, statically constructed Vector Clock for rapid analysis of happens-before relations. Altogether, these design choices enable ER Catcher to not only detect event-race defects with a substantially higher degree of accuracy, but also in a fraction of time compared to the existing state-of-the-art technique. |
20,381 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards An SDN Assisted IDS, and key words: Scalability, Intrusion detection, Telecommunication traffic, Security, Software defined networking, Monitoring. Abstract: Modern Intrusion Detection Systems are able to identify and check all traffic crossing the network segments that they are only set to monitor. Traditional network infrastructures use static detection mechanisms that check and monitor specific types of malicious traffic. To mitigate this potential waste of resources and improve scalability across an entire network, we propose a methodology which deploys distributed IDS in a Software Defined Network allowing them to be used for specific types of traffic as and when it appears on a network. The core of our work is the creation of an SDN application that takes input from a Snort IDS instances, thus working as a classifier for incoming network traffic with a static ruleset for those classifications. Our application has been tested on a virtualised platform where it performed as planned holding its position for limited use on static and controlled test environments. |
20,382 | Please write an abstract with title: Transformer-Based Domain-Specific Representation for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Vehicle Re-Identification, and key words: Transformers, Task analysis, Adaptation models, Encoding, Training, Representation learning, Benchmark testing. Abstract: Fully-supervised vehicle re-identification (re-ID) methods are faced with performance degradation when applied to new image domains. Therefore, developing unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) to transfer the knowledge from learned source domain to new unlabeled target domain becomes an indispensable task. It is challenging because different domains have various image appearances, such as different backgrounds, illuminations and resolutions, especially when cameras have different viewpoints. To tackle this domain gap issue, a novel Transformer-based Domain-Specific Representation learning network (TDSR) is proposed to dynamically focus on corresponding detailed hints for each domain. Specifically, with the source and target domain being trained simultaneously, a domain encoding module is proposed to introduce domain information into the network. The original features of source and target domains are enriched with these domain encodings first, and then sequentially processed by a Transformer encoder to model contextual information and a decoder to summarize the encoded features into the final domain-specific feature representations. Moreover, we propose a Contrastive Clustering Loss (CCL) to directly optimize the distribution of features at cluster level. Instances are overall pulled closer to the prototype of the same identity, and pushed farther from the prototypes of different identities. It helps compact the clusters in the latent space and improve the discriminative capability of the network, leading to more accurate pseudo-label assignment in TDSR. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-art UDA methods on vehicle re-ID benchmark datasets VeRi and VehicleID on both real-world to real-world and synthetic to real-world settings. |
20,383 | Please write an abstract with title: Finding Nano-Ötzi: Cryo-Electron Tomography Visualization Guided by Learned Segmentation, and key words: Data visualization, Image segmentation, Visualization, Task analysis, Three-dimensional displays, Signal to noise ratio, Noise measurement. Abstract: Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) is a new 3D imaging technique with unprecedented potential for resolving submicron structural details. Existing volume visualization methods, however, are not able to reveal details of interest due to low signal-to-noise ratio. In order to design more powerful transfer functions, we propose leveraging soft segmentation as an explicit component of visualization for noisy volumes. Our technical realization is based on semi-supervised learning, where we combine the advantages of two segmentation algorithms. First, the weak segmentation algorithm provides good results for propagating sparse user-provided labels to other voxels in the same volume and is used to generate dense pseudo-labels. Second, the powerful deep-learning-based segmentation algorithm learns from these pseudo-labels to generalize the segmentation to other unseen volumes, a task that the weak segmentation algorithm fails at completely. The proposed volume visualization uses deep-learning-based segmentation as a component for segmentation-aware transfer function design. Appropriate ramp parameters can be suggested automatically through frequency distribution analysis. Furthermore, our visualization uses gradient-free ambient occlusion shading to further suppress the visual presence of noise, and to give structural detail the desired prominence. The cryo-ET data studied in our technical experiments are based on the highest-quality tilted series of intact SARS-CoV-2 virions. Our technique shows the high impact in target sciences for visual data analysis of very noisy volumes that cannot be visualized with existing techniques. |
20,384 | Please write an abstract with title: Pentamode Metamaterials under Dynamic Loading, and key words: Temperature distribution, Energy dissipation, Loading, Metamaterials, Numerical models, Strain, Load modeling. Abstract: The field of metamaterials has grown considerably in the last few decades due to the advances in new manufacturing technologies. Metamaterials currently are of interest for a wide variety of applications including damping systems. This work is aimed to evaluate dissipative effect of pentamode metamaterials subjected to dynamic loading. The results of numerical modelling of the mechanical behavior of pentamode metamaterials from alpha titanium alloys are received and compared with available experimental data. The model of inelastic deformation and ductile damage criterion are used to describe the ductility of the unit cell of metamaterials in a wide range of strain rates, temperature and stress triaxiality. A methodology for analyzing the energy dissipation due to inelastic deformation of metamaterials at high strain rates is presented. It is shown that the values of the energy dissipation coefficient during uniaxial dynamic compression of the pentamode metamaterial are 1.5 times higher than for the bulk alloy counterpart. |
20,385 | Please write an abstract with title: Driver Behavior Analysis at Unsignalized Intersections with or without Stop Sign Using Trajectory Data, and key words: Clustering algorithms, Behavioral sciences, Trajectory, Classification algorithms, Safety, Vehicles. Abstract: Understanding how drivers behave at unsignalized intersection with or without stop sign is of critical importance for the control of the traffic when vehicles cross the intersection. However, little research focused on driver behavior at unsignalized intersection with stop sign in China, since this kind of traffic sign is not prevailing in China. To investigate the influence of with or without a stop sign at unsignalized intersection on driver's behavior in China, this paper conducted an experiment to collect the video data of the unsignalized intersection before and after setting a stop sign. Computervision vehicle trajectory data and unsupervised clustering techniques (bisecting K-means algorithm is used for classifying stopping behavior, and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is applied to classify vehicle approaching patterns) are used to analyze the driver behavior. A case study involving unsignalized intersections without or with stop signs is used to demonstrated the variation of driver behavior. The results from the analysis show that no matter whether the unsignalized intersection with or without a stop sign, the drivers in China won't make a full stop before crossing the intersection. Drivers didn't have any tendency to slow down the speed of the vehicles at the unsignalized intersection without stop sign. By compare, there are two of the patterns at unsignalized intersection with stop sign making a noticeable drop in the analysis zone. The finding suggests that there is a possibility for us to use the stop sign to control traffic at unsignalized intersection in China, and to reduce the conflicts at the unsignalized intersection. |
20,386 | Please write an abstract with title: Operations planning for a volume-flexibility manufacturer in a supply chain system under lumpy demand, and key words: Supply chains, Raw materials, Batch production systems, Production systems, Power generation economics, Manufacturing processes, Decision making, Cost function, Testing, Page description languages. Abstract: A batch production system with volume flexibility in a supply chain, where a manufacturer procures raw materials and/or component parts from multi-suppliers in a lot and processes them into a single product, is considered in this research. We develop an optimal ordering and production policy for a volume-flexibility manufacturer under lumpy demand. First of all, a decision-making model is formulated for optimal production rate selection. In this model, production rate is perceived as a decision variable and unit production cost becomes a function of production rate. This model takes into account not only raw materials' and finished goods' inventory cost, but production cost as well. Then, a pragmatic computation approach is presented to solve the proposed model for special unit production cost functions. Finally, a numerical study is conducted to illustrate the solution and a set of data with ten problems is tested and compared. |
20,387 | Please write an abstract with title: An integrated platform for power system dynamic security, and key words: Power system dynamics, Power system security, Industrial training, Power system simulation, Power industry, Monitoring, Software design, Power system interconnection, Application software, Analytical models. Abstract: Operator training simulator (OTS) has been widely utilized for the power system simulation and operator training. However, the changes and restructuring in power industry bring in new challenges into the monitoring, evaluation, prevention and more comprehensive and adaptive plans to ensure dynamic security. Recent advances in designing modular interconnected software applications provided an ideal solution for using OTS as a dynamic security simulation and prevention platform. This work describes a platform that runs contingency analysis (CA) on a simulated network of few hours ahead of current time. This might be sufficient for exercising some preventive action, if necessary. In more sever cases, a fast pace OTS might he used for exercising a restoration scheme, before it is implemented. |
20,388 | Please write an abstract with title: Enabling event-based hierarchical synchronization in SDN ONOS clusters, and key words: Network topology, Network function virtualization, Synchronization, Software defined networking. Abstract: This demo presents an implementation of a resilient hierarchical synchronization system for SDN ONOS controller clusters. Two applications are designed and developed to be used respectively at child clusters and parent cluster to propagate network topology events over dedicated gRPC channels. Therefore, topological views of all the considered child domains are kept synchronized at the parent despite possible control plane failures. This work represents a novel solution specifically designed for hierarchical synchronization in ONOS clusters. |
20,389 | Please write an abstract with title: ESD Protection Circuits, and key words: Integrated circuits, Electrostatic discharge protection, Discharges (electric), MOS devices, Transient analysis, System-on-chip, Layout. Abstract: This chapter discusses exemplar electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit design techniques. ESD protection follows the same general principle for all integrated circuit (IC) pads, i.e., to discharge the large ESD transient current without overheating and to clamp the pad voltage to a low level to avoid voltage breakdown. In general, the ESD protection schemes for input pads can be used for output pads too. However, as stated before, good ESD protection must be IC‐specific, or tailored for each pad per its functional needs. For output pads, ESD protection has its uniqueness, such as, breakdown features and self‐protection. A forward diode‐string may be used for I/O ESD protection to meet the design specs of both ESD triggering and low ESD‐induced parasitic capacitance. For output ESD protection, the output buffer transistors may be modified for ESD self‐protection. Various ESD protection structures can be used as supply line power clamps. |
20,390 | Please write an abstract with title: Assessment of flow energetics using magnetic resonance phase velocity mapping, and key words: Magnetic resonance, Mechanical energy, Magnetic resonance imaging, Spatial resolution, Energy loss, Cardiac disease, Heart, Computational fluid dynamics, Arteries, Pressure measurement. Abstract: The total cavo-pulmonary connection (TCPC) is used to treat children with single-ventricle congenital heart disease. Because the procedure results in the complete bypass of the right heart, energy conservation at the connection is important for postoperative success. To evaluate the energetics of TCPC clinically, the traditional approach is to apply the mechanical energy balance, which however requires invasive pressure data. Therefore a non-invasive method is necessary. This study investigated the feasibility of the viscous dissipation method as non-invasive approach to assess the energetics of TCPC. Magnetic resonance phase velocity mapping (MRPVM) experiments in a TCPC model were performed under different imaging slice orientations and spatial resolution settings. The results showed an increase in the calculated viscous dissipation as the spatial resolution increased. Slice orientation affected the results somewhat, because of the difference in the partial volume effects between the orientations. Comparison of the experimental MRPVM results with computational fluid dynamics results on the same geometry showed agreement between them. This preliminary study provides positive evidence for the clinical potential of the viscous dissipation method as a non-invasive approach to assess the energetics of the TCPC. |
20,391 | Please write an abstract with title: Unsupervised Eye Blink Artifact Detection From EEG With Gaussian Mixture Model, and key words: Electroencephalography, Correlation, Epilepsy, Electrodes, Detection algorithms, Brain modeling, Support vector machines. Abstract: Eye blink is one of the most common artifacts in electroencephalogram (EEG) and significantly affects the performance of the EEG related applications, such as epilepsy recognition, spike detection, encephalitis diagnosis, etc. To achieve an accurate and efficient eye blink detection, a novel unsupervised learning algorithm based on a hybrid thresholding followed with a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is presented in this paper. The EEG signal is priliminarily screened by a cascaded thresholding method built on the distributions of signal amplitude, amplitude displacement, as well as the cross channel correlation. Then, the channel correlation of the two frontal electrodes (FP1, FP2), the fractal dimension, and the mean of amplitude difference between FP1 and FP2, are extracted to characterize the filtered EEGs. The GMM trained on these features is applied for the eye blink detection. The performance of the proposed algorithm is studied on two EEG datasets collected by the Temple University Hospital (TUH) and the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (CHZU), where the datasets are recorded from epilepsy and encephalitis patients, and contain a lot of eye blink artifacts. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the highest detection precision and F1 score over the state-of-the-art methods. |
20,392 | Please write an abstract with title: Impact of hydrogen electrolyzers on flexibility and network voltage profiles of a virtual power plant, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Simulation, Hydrogen, Production, Systems support, Reliability, Voltage control. Abstract: Additional flexibility to accommodate the increasing share of intermittent Renewable Energy Sources (RES) is essential to guarantee reliable and stable operation of low-carbon power systems. The concept of virtual power plant (VPP) is central to the aggregation and coordinated control of heterogeneous Distributed Energy Resources (DER), as VPPs can offer aggregated DER capacity in various markets for the provision of energy and grid support services. Among emerging technologies, electrolyzers for hydrogen production could provide system support services and thus be integrated in a VPP framework as an additional source of flexibility. To do so, this paper first introduces, for PEM and alkaline electrolyzer technologies, their active and reactive (P-Q) power “feasibility charts” based on their underlying physical characteristics. These are then used within a broader VPP-based DER aggregation setup to describe its P-Q capability chart, also referred to as feasible operating envelope (FOE), while also considering relevant distribution network constraints, and studying the impact of electrolyzer location and operation on voltage profiles. Simulation results show how integrating electrolyzers into VPP schemes could potentially greatly expand their FOE, thereby opening up new opportunities for distributed hydrogen technologies to actively provide operational flexibility at scale. |
20,393 | Please write an abstract with title: An Enhanced Stroke Prediction Scheme Using SMOTE and Machine Learning Techniques, and key words: Machine learning algorithms, Data analysis, Decision making, Stroke (medical condition), Prediction algorithms, Classification algorithms, Public healthcare. Abstract: Stroke is the second driving reason for death worldwide, answerable for around 11% of all out passings. Throughout the long term, scientists are attempting to connect up various elements to the onset of stroke. Early awareness of various threat issues of stroke can limit the chance of stroke. The prediction of stroke is essential to counter health damage or passing. In this research, machine learning has been utilized to predict stroke inpatients. A popular oversampling method called SMOTE with several machine learning classifiers (Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and XGBoost) has been applied to the dataset to predict the consequence. The random forest model achieved better performance among these algorithms with 99.07% of accuracy, 99.0% of precision and recall. The feature importance scores have been shown to understand the feature's impact on the model development. The proposed model outperformed the existing works with higher accuracy. |
20,394 | Please write an abstract with title: Lifecycle Management Protocols for Batteryless, Intermittent Sensor Nodes, and key words: Protocols, Conferences, Task analysis. Abstract: Nodes in batteryless sensor networks operate intermittently, making tasks such as node-to-node communication and coordinated computation extremely challenging. Adding to this challenge, a node typically has little control over its intermittency. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce a new class of protocols, which we call lifecycle management protocols (LMPs), to better control and manage the intermittency of batteryless nodes. These protocols may be designed and optimized for a particular task; here, we propose and evaluate a set of LMPs designed to enable direct communication between intermittent batteryless sensor nodes with active radios. |
20,395 | Please write an abstract with title: Implementation of Transferring Reinforcement Learning for DC–DC Buck Converter Control via Duty Ratio Mapping, and key words: Computational modeling, Buck converters, Microgrids, Voltage control, Adaptation models, Control systems, Load modeling. Abstract: The reinforcement learning (RL) control approach with application to power electronics systems has become an emerging topic, while the sim-to-real issue remains a challenging problem as very few results can be referred to in the literature. Indeed, due to the inevitable mismatch between simulation models and real-life systems, offline-trained RL control strategies may sustain unexpected hurdles in practical implementation during the transfer procedure. In this article, a transfer methodology via a delicately designed duty ratio mapping is proposed for a dc–dc buck converter. Then, a detailed sim-to-real process is presented to enable the implementation of a model-free deep reinforcement learning controller. As the main contribution of this article, the proposed methodology is able to endow the control system to achieve: 1) voltage regulation and 2) adaptability and optimization abilities in the presence of uncertain circuit parameters and various working conditions. The feasibility and efficacy of the proposed methodology are demonstrated by comparative experimental studies. |
20,396 | Please write an abstract with title: IoT Inspired Intelligent Monitoring and Reporting Framework for Education 4.0, and key words: Education, Real-time systems, Monitoring, Sensors, Intelligent sensors, Edge computing, Data mining. Abstract: Education 4.0 contemplates the involvement of emerging technologies like IoT (Internet of Things), Fog and cloud computing. Ubiquitous real-time monitoring in the challenging environment of an educational institution is the key requirement for proper implementation of Education 4.0 around the world. Conspicuously, this research presents a novel monitoring and irregularity detection framework for educational institutions. In this research, acquisition of data while deploying IoT is being suggested in the comprehensive environs of educational institutions. Pre-processing of acquired data for feature extraction is implemented using the Fog-Cloud nodes. Subsequently, the Temporal Chunk (TC), which is articulated with Temporal Data Mining, is further employed to detect irregularities based on SoTL (Set of threshold limits) and HAA (Historical Adversity Approximation). Successively, a Multi-Layered Bi-Directional Long Short Term Memory (M-Bi-LSTM) oriented irregularity prediction model is deployed. Furthermore, a fog-inspired alert generation and reporting module are employed for real-time reporting to notify the concerned stakeholder for in- time preventive action corresponding to a predicted irregularity. To authenticate the proposed framework and to avoid the experimental implementation cost, experimental simulations are performed. The experimental results verify that the proposed framework is capable of performing better in comparison to other contemporary decision-making methods for delay efficiency, data classification, irregularity prediction, and system stability. Moreover, the proposed framework can successfully estimate most of the irregularities in an educational environment and provide support for the proper implementation of Education 4.0 in a proficient and realistic manner. |
20,397 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Design of University Financial Management System Based on Decision Tree Classification Algorithm, and key words: Technological innovation, Financial management, Big Data, Information management, Classification algorithms, Decision trees, Security. Abstract: Information technology has played an important role in all aspects of human society, and has pushed human society from the industrial age to the Internet age. In order to ensure the quality of financial management, improve the ability of financial management and the service level of financial business, universities constantly improve the financial management system and constantly look for innovations in the financial management system. There are many decision-making problems in university management. By using decision tree mining technology, we can find all kinds of potential valuable knowledge and get the corresponding management strategies by integrating the whole university education management information. Based on the decision tree classification algorithm, this paper analyzes the characteristics of university financial management information system, and designs the system module with the financial processing module as the core, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the financial management process. Only by combining the actual financial situation of the university, deepening the informationization degree of university financial management, and reasonably combining university financial work with information technology can we better serve the university. |
20,398 | Please write an abstract with title: Machine learning assisted quantum super-resolution microscopy, and key words: Optical microscopy, Stimulated emission, Microscopy, Ultraviolet sources, Superresolution, Machine learning, Quantum information science. Abstract: A machine learning assisted framework significantly speeds up image acquisition in super-resolution microscopy based on photon antibunching. The technique is compatible with a CW excitation regime and applicable to a wide range of quantum emitters. |
20,399 | Please write an abstract with title: WSN Coverage Optimization based on Hybrid Strategy Sparrow Search Algorithm, and key words: Wireless sensor networks, Sociology, Redundancy, Sensors, Statistics, Optimization, Monitoring. Abstract: In order to effectively improve the node coverage of wireless sensor networks, a network coverage optimization algorithm based on a hybrid strategy sparrow search algorithm HSSSA is proposed. Firstly, the Tent chaotic mapping is used to improve the initialization sparrow population and increase the diversity of the population. Secondly, the inertia factor is added to select Levy strategy and update the sparrow position to improve the local search ability of the algorithm. Finally, the optimal sparrow position is perturbed by random walk strategy to further improve the local search capability. The experimental results show that HSSSA algorithm resulted in a more uniform distribution of nodes and a significant improvement in coverage. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.