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20,500 | Please write an abstract with title: Integrated Longitudinal and Lateral Vehicle Stability Control for Extreme Conditions With Safety Dynamic Requirements Analysis, and key words: Tires, Stability analysis, Vehicle dynamics, Safety, Roads, Force, Real-time systems. Abstract: Under extreme conditions, vehicle states change rapidly between stable and unstable, resulting in dynamic requirements for the vehicle’s overall safety stability. Simultaneously, the coupled nonlinear characteristics of vehicle dynamics cannot be ignored in controller design. To address the above problems and improve vehicle longitudinal and lateral stability integrally, an envelope-based model predictive control (MPC) strategy with dynamic objectives is proposed for four-wheel independent motor-drive electric vehicles (4WIMD EVs). First, according to the current driving behavior and the collected road information, the envelope control regions concerning vehicle side-slip angle and yaw rate are obtained online, and divided into stable, critically stable, and instable regions with different safety requirements. Then, the safety dynamic requirements are constructed in the designed MPC-based control structure. A nonlinear vehicle dynamics model with a combined-slip tire model, which integrates the longitudinal and lateral dynamics, is utilized to predict vehicle states. The switching of requirements is reflected in the variation of weighting factors and constraint values. Finally, CarSim and Matlab/Simulink co-simulation, and hardware-in-the-loop simulation test results show better satisfactory performance in improving overall vehicle stability under extreme driving conditions. |
20,501 | Please write an abstract with title: Global optimization in an electricity market environment, and key words: Electricity supply industry, Load flow, Cost function, USA Councils, Optimization methods, Power system modeling, Power system economics, Quadratic programming, Power generation economics, Power generation. Abstract: The competitive market environment for the power industry has resulted in new optimization problems that need to be solved such as bidding, pricing, risk management, and market clearing. These problems are complicated by the fact that power systems are nonlinear and some aspects of the problem are ill-formulated. In this paper, we report our formulation of a market clearing optimization problem that maximized the social welfare. The market optimization is solved for cases where the market participants have private information about their generation costs. The proposed formulation incorporates the nonlinear nature of the MW power flows on the transmission grid. The IEEE 30-bus system is modified and used for testing of the proposed techniques. |
20,502 | Please write an abstract with title: Predicting the Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder in Patients using Machine Learning, and key words: Support vector machines, Machine learning algorithms, Anxiety disorders, Machine learning, Prediction algorithms, Depression, Task analysis. Abstract: The modern and fast paced lifestyle in today’s real world lead to high prevalence of mental and psychological disorders like stress, Anxiety and depression in people around us worldwide. The disorder is a result of mood swings and occurrence of oscillations in person’s mind in two states-mania and depression. A complex brain disorder that have affected millions of people across the world is Bipolar Disorder. These conditions led to increase mental health precautions and care using Machine Learning Techniques(ML) for diagnosis and treatment of disease. Using ML, we study patterns in human behavior regularly, identify their symptoms and risk factors to develop a prediction modal. Dataset is visualized to extract meaningful predictions and optimizing therapies. The paper presents commonly used ML Algorithms like Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayes and Decision Trees to study their properties and performance that act as a guide to select the appropriate modal. These modal can bridge the gap between Therapist and patients to revel their problems and embarrassment to expose their illness. This is the key task in selecting the features from dataset and applying the appropriate modal. |
20,503 | Please write an abstract with title: On the analysis and design of CMOS-bipolar SRAMs, and key words: Power dissipation, Random access memory, Inverters, Logic devices, Solid state circuits, Read-write memory, Signal to noise ratio, Timing, Solid state circuit design, Lifting equipment. Abstract: The design and operation of a CMO-bipolar SRAM cell, which incorporates cross-coupled CMOS and n-p-n access transistors, is discussed. A column circuitry to accompany this cell is proposed. Simulation results attributing column access time, standby power dissipation, and active power dissipation of 6-8 ns, 6.5 nW/bit, and 4 mW/b, respectively, for a cell area of ~450 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/, suggest the suitability of this approach for applications requiring density, performance, and moderate power. |
20,504 | Please write an abstract with title: A variable frequency pulse charge for Li-ion battery, and key words: Batteries, Voltage, Frequency conversion, Military aircraft, Control systems, Pulse generation, Aerospace engineering, Computer science, Design engineering, System performance. Abstract: In this paper, a variable frequency pulse charge system (VFPCS), that can detect and dynamically track the optimal charge frequency, is proposed to improve the Li-ion battery charge response. To assess the system performance, a prototype of the VFPCS is implemented. In comparison with standard CC-CV charging system and conventional fixed-frequency pulse charge system, the charge time of the proposed VFPCS is improved about 25% and 10%, respectively. The results indicate that the VFPCS can actually provide pulse with optimal frequency to charge the battery and the charge response is improved as theory predicted. |
20,505 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamical Refraction of Space-Time Wave Packets, and key words: Optical packet switching, Optical materials, Optical refraction, Optical pulses, Optical propagation, Optical diffraction, Optical sensors. Abstract: We show that introducing tight spatio-temporal correlations into a wave-packet unveils remarkable dynamical refractive phenomena, such as group-velocity invariance with respect to the refractive index and group-delay cancellation while traversing a bilayer of optical materials. |
20,506 | Please write an abstract with title: How a Parachute Accident Helped Jump-Start Augmented Reality: In 1992, Hardware for the First Interactive AR System Literally Fell from the Skies, and key words: Presses, Gears, Machine vision, Exoskeletons, Metals, Sensor systems, Sensors. Abstract: I climb into an upper-body exoskeleton that's covered in sensors, motors, gears, and bearings, and then lean forward, tilting my head up to press my face against the eyepieces of a vision system hanging from the ceiling. In front of me, I see a large wooden board, painted black and punctuated by a grid of metal holes. The board is real. So is the peg in my hand that I'm trying to move from one hole to another, as fast as I can. When I begin to move the peg, a virtual cone appears over the target hole, along with a virtual surface easing toward it. I can feel the surface as I slide the peg along it toward the cone and into the hole. |
20,507 | Please write an abstract with title: Differential Evolution based IMC-PID Design for Load frequency control of Two-area power systems, and key words: Power systems, Load modeling, Tuning, Power system stability, Predictive models, Turbines, Computational modeling. Abstract: In this article, a differential evolution based IMC-PID approach is introduced for load frequency control of two area power systems using inner and outer loop controllers. The predictive model of the inner loop is obtained through Routh approximation, and the differential evolution deduces the parameters of IMC- PID outer loop controller. A two-area non-reheated thermal power system with 50% parametric uncertainties is considered for validation of the proposed approach. It is observed from the results that the proposed method gives better performance than several existing techniques. |
20,508 | Please write an abstract with title: High performance photodetector for modulated lighting - high sensitivity, high selectivity, high suppression of background, and wide dynamic range, and key words: Circuits, Lighting, Dynamic range, Detectors, Optical modulation, Humans, Eyes, Legged locomotion, Filters, Laser beams. Abstract: A new sensing scheme for high-sensitivity and wide-dynamic-range position detection is presented. A correlation circuit and a current-mode suppression circuit of a constant illumination allow high sensitivity, high selectivity, and high suppression of a background illumination. A logarithmic-response circuit is employed to avoid saturation for wide dynamic range. The photodetector can quickly detect the modulated light by the pixel-parallel sensing. It has advantages in applications which require both availability in various backgrounds and a safe light projection for human eyes. The photodetectors have been developed and successfully tested. The high sensitivity under -18 dB signal-to-background ratio (SBR) is realized in over 472 dB dynamic range. The minimum SBR is -22.8 dB and the maximum frame rate is 2000 fps. In addition, the photodetector shows high selectivity in a multiple light system due to the suppression of orthogonally modulated light. |
20,509 | Please write an abstract with title: The Efficacy of Radar Absorption Material on the Radar Cross Section Reduction of Simple Shapes, and key words: Radio frequency, Microwave integrated circuits, Radar cross-sections, Shape, Absorption, Random access memory, Metals. Abstract: Radar Absorption Material (RAM) can absorb microwave, therefore is useful in assuring Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) for consumer electronics or achieving RF stealth for military platform. The specification of RAM is usually described in return loss per unit distance; however, the Radar Cross Section (RCS) is a more complicated function of frequency, shape, material, and incident angle. In this article we demonstrate the efficacy of RAM on the RCS of a simple square metal plate with Multi Level Fast Multipole Method (MLFMM) simulation for 3 GHz microwave at 30˚ incident angle with different thickness of RAM, and found the RCS reduction can be as large as -15 dBsm. |
20,510 | Please write an abstract with title: Realization for data communications of the supervisory information system of plant level in power plant, and key words: Data communication, Information systems, Power generation, Buffer storage, Application specific processors, Data processing, Data mining, Sockets, Joining processes, Process control. Abstract: The core objects studied in this paper are the data communications in the supervisory information system (SIS) of plant level in power plant that includes data transfer, data processing, data store and data interaction with users. In the aspect of data mining, the problems which can't be solved through adopting the socket network programming are overcome by applying a standard OPC (object linking and embedding for process control) interface based on an OPC specification or the direct network access to receive the precise data in time; in the other aspect of data analysis and distribution, the efficiency of SIS is improved by building the buffering database and the conflict of data accessing is solved effectually by adopting three buffering recycling queue storage arithmetic. Meanwhile, the technology of ASP (active server pages) program and the development of Web application are simplified greatly through application of the combination of ActiveX components and ASP applications method |
20,511 | Please write an abstract with title: Second-Order Cone Programming for Data-Driven Fluid and Gas Energy Flow With a Tight Reformulation, and key words: Mathematical model, Polynomials, Convex programming, Optimization. Abstract: The precise fluid and gas energy flow equations (FEFEs) are difficult to formulate due to the uncertain parameters. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to fit the FEFEs by polynomial functions through experimental data. Furthermore, a convex optimization model is set up to find the solution of the FEFEs, and a tight reformulation is proposed to exactly reformulate the proposed model as a second-order cone programming (SOCP) that can be tractably solved. Numerical results on several test systems show the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
20,512 | Please write an abstract with title: MIMIC: SmartNIC-aided Flow Backpressure for CPU Overloading Protection in Multi-Tenant Clouds, and key words: Meters, Privacy, Protocols, MIMICs, Random access memory, Packet loss, Production. Abstract: In multi-tenant clouds, off-the-shelf x86 boxes are widely deployed as middleboxes. With the rapid growth of cloud traffic and the migration to NFV deployment in recent years, CPU overloading at middleboxes becomes more of an issue. From our data centers, we observed that the CPU overloading was caused by heavy hitters. To address this issue, we propose MIMIC, a cloud-scale flow backpressure system, implemented onto our existing SmartNIC with FPGA acceleration. MIMIC rate-limits the selected heavy hitters through a new per-flow backpressure protocol and a new heavy-hitter detection system, to protect the other tenants. The detection system is based on hierarchical memory design, leveraging on-chip SRAM and off-chip DRAM, which can handle highly concurrent cloud traffic without the losses of flow information. We extend the design by adding a pre-filtering procedure for rapid detection. To avoid CPU being flooded by FPGA through frequent heavy-hitter reporting, due to their performance disparity, the CPU queries the FPGA on demand. The backpressure protocol is non-invasive to protect tenant privacy and allows controllable rate-limiting through the novel use of ECN and meter tables. The SmartNIC acts as a man in the middle to facilitate heavy-hitter detection and per-flow backpressuring. In a production setting, we observe that MIMIC can react quickly and bring down CPU load to the normal level within 10ms without packet losses. |
20,513 | Please write an abstract with title: Quadrature-Based Exponential-Type Approximations for the Gaussian Q-Function, and key words: Vehicular and wireless technologies, Conferences, Optimization methods. Abstract: In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of (perhaps) all possible approximations resulting from applying the most common numerical integration techniques on the Gaussian Q-function. We also present a unified method to optimize the coefficients of the resulting exponential approximation for any number of exponentials and using any numerical quadrature rule to produce tighter approximations. Two new tight approximations are provided as examples by implementing the Legendre numerical rule with Quasi-Newton method for two and three exponential terms. The performance of the different numerical integration techniques is evaluated and compared, and the accuracy of the optimized ones is verified for the whole argument-range of interest and in terms of the chosen optimization criterion. |
20,514 | Please write an abstract with title: LUMOZ – A Real Time Augmented Reality Based Tool for Media Production, and key words: Visualization, Three-dimensional displays, Costs, Social networking (online), Education, Production, Media. Abstract: Globalization has created vast competition among media content productions. Gaining an audience for these products depends on the quality, correctness, timely content and should be produced according to the target audience’s comprehension level. The aforementioned factors can be achieved by using new technology in the process of content production. This trend also affects the local news productions. At present, news delivery and other digital media creations are transforming from traditional delivery methods into more advanced technology-based delivery. For this transformation, Augmented Reality and 3D technologies play significant roles which help improving content’s attractiveness and correctness. And using this new technology can create a new fan base and increase the popularity of the content. The use of these technologies in an industrial base or startup base still provides many challenges. LUMOZ provides a solution for these challenges. This tool provides easier access to point tracking,3D object placement, gesture controls, 3D data visualization, and 3D model library. Simply LUMOZ can be considered as a budget-friendly and time-efficient tool that can handle 3D objects in real-time in a live streaming environment. |
20,515 | Please write an abstract with title: Process and Measurement Noise Covarince Estimation Approach for Motion Capture Systems, and key words: Kalman filters, Noise measurement, Tracking, Robustness, Bibliographies, State estimation. Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive literature review for motion capture systems. We have summarized state-of-the-art literature of motion capturing systems with advantages and the drawbacks of different approaches. It can be seen that the Kalman filter (KF) is widely used for motion capture systems. Practical implementation of KF is very hard due to the difficulty of unknown noise covariances. So, the noise variation of KF is usually being assumed but this paper overcomes the aforementioned assumptions. Basically, this paper provides a method that estimates the noise covariances in state-space framework. In KF algorithm, the process and measurement noise covariance matrices can be estimated by the proposed method. The proposed method can be applied to the motion capture systems. |
20,516 | Please write an abstract with title: A class of binary recurrent codes with limited error propagation, and key words: Decoding, Parity check codes, Indexes, Frequency locked loops, Fans, Computer simulation. Abstract: A class of binary recurrent codes for correcting independent errors is given which has guaranteed error-limiting properties. These codes can be simply decoded using threshold decoding, and will recover from any decoding error caused by either an uncorrectable transmission error or a temporary malfunction of the encoder or decoder. A number of such codes are given along with a synthesis procedure. The results of a computer simulation are given which indicate that these codes perform better in some situations than other codes using threshold decoding. |
20,517 | Please write an abstract with title: A Trisection Algorithm for Estimating Distance Measures for Strong Observability and Strong Detectability, and key words: Observability, Optimization, Upper bound, Standards, Filtering theory, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Controllability. Abstract: For reliably analyzing the properties of strong observability and strong detectability of a system, continuous distance measures can be used. When calculating these measures, it is necessary to find the global minimum of a nonconvex target function. The main contribution of this article is an optimization algorithm that guarantees to find this global minimum in a fast and efficient way by exploiting the special structure of the optimization problem. Using this optimization algorithm, the distance measures can be reliably calculated. The numerical properties and the usefulness of the algorithm in practical applications are illustrated by means of a numerical example. |
20,518 | Please write an abstract with title: N-Step Nonblocking Supervisory Control of Discrete-Event Systems, and key words: Conferences, Automata, Supervisory control, Discrete-event systems, Task analysis, Standards. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new automaton property of N-step nonblockingness for a given positive integer N. This property quantifies the standard nonblocking property by capturing the practical requirement that all tasks be completed within a bounded number of steps. Accordingly, we formulate a new N-step nonblocking supervisory control problem, and characterize its solvability in terms of a new concept of N-step language completability. It is proved that there exists a unique supremal N-step completable sublanguage of a given language, and we develop a generator-based algorithm to compute the supremal sublanguage. Finally, together with the supremal controllable sublanguage, we design an algorithm to compute a maximally permissive supervisory control solution to the new N-step nonblocking supervisory control problem. |
20,519 | Please write an abstract with title: Predicting the temper embrittlement of steam turbine rotor steels with Bayesian neural network, and key words: Turbines, Steel, Bayesian methods, Neural networks, Temperature, Testing, Current density, Grain size, Databases, Linear regression. Abstract: Bayesian neural network was proposed to predict the temper embrittlement of steam turbine rotor in service. The FATT/sub 50/ (the fracture appearance transition temperature) of the rotors was predicted as a function of ratio of the two peak current densities (I/sub p//I/sub pr/ ) tested by electrochemical potentiodynamic reaction method, temperature of electrolyte, J-factor and grain size (N). A database was obtained from the test of electrochemical potentiodynamic reaction and Charpy impact. The Bayesian neural network technique was used for modeling of temper embrittlement. The neural network shows a more precise prediction of temper embrittlement of rotor steels than the prediction using multiple linear regression. The training error and verifying error is with the scatter of /spl plusmn/20 /spl deg/C. The results show that, for the temper embrittlement of rotor steels prediction, the prediction model based on Bayesian neural network is feasible and effective. |
20,520 | Please write an abstract with title: Ensemble Distillation Based Adaptive Quantization for Supporting Federated Learning in Wireless Networks, and key words: Computational modeling, Quantization (signal), Wireless networks, Training, Data models, Costs, Task analysis. Abstract: Federated learning (FL) has become a promising technique for developing intelligent wireless networks. In traditional FL paradigms, local models are usually required to be homogeneous for aggregation. However, due to heterogeneous models coming with wireless sysTem heterogeneity, it is preferable for user equipments (UEs) to undertake appropriate amount of computing and/or data transmission work based on sysTem constraints. Meanwhile, considerable communication costs are incurred by model training, when a large number of UEs participate in FL and/or the transmitted models are large. Therefore, resource-efficient training schemes for heterogeneous models are essential for enabling FL-based intelligent wireless networks. In this paper, we propose an adaptive quantization scheme based on ensemble distillation (AQeD), to facilitate heterogeneous model training. We first partition and group the participating UEs into clusters, where the local models in specific clusters are homogeneous with different quantization levels. Then we propose an augmented loss function by jointly considering ensemble distillation loss, quantization levels and wireless resources constraints. In AQeD, model aggregations are performed at two levels: model aggregation for individual clusters and distillation loss aggregation for cluster ensembles. Numerical results show that the AQeD scheme can significantly reduce communication costs and training time in comparison with some state-of-the-art solutions. |
20,521 | Please write an abstract with title: MEMS based acoustic FET as active components for integrated functional acoustic systems, and key words: Micromechanical devices, FETs, Acoustic devices, Silicon, Polyimides, Acoustic noise, Impedance, Adaptive systems, Programmable control, Adaptive control. Abstract: This paper presents acoustic transistors working in a similar way to field effect transistors (FETs). We have studied on integrated functional acoustic systems based on MEMS technology aiming at compact systems for noise and sound control. Our previous work mainly dealt with passive acoustic components controlled by MEMS technology. Acoustic transistors as active components are expected to contribute various effects such as amplification to integrated functional acoustic systems. Characteristics of implemented acoustic transistors (hereafter acoustic FETs) using micromachined diaphragm structures will be reported and followed by our research prospects towards integrated functional acoustic systems. |
20,522 | Please write an abstract with title: UAV Decision-making System Based on the Rough Set theory and the Optimal Genetic Algorithm, and key words: Intelligent agents, Conferences, Complex systems, Systems simulation, Rough sets, Power system dynamics, Intelligent control. Abstract: Air combat decision-making is a critical issue in Unmanned Air Vehicle automatic combat. Precise and efficient maneuvering strategies are extremely important for the final victory. Quantitative research has been conducted on the maneuver strategy. In this study, a knowledge-based maneuver action library for air combat was established by the Rough Set Theory, which can help quick response to the battlefield situation. Since not all influence factors of battlefield situation are that significant and the computing source is finite, the rough set model was simplified to increase reaction rate. This paper introduced an advanced genetic algorithm to reduce the attributes of rough sets, taking the purity of each attribute into account, so as to make the condition attribute as close to 1 or 0 as possible. As a result, the reducing accuracy of the whole decision-making system is improved. The simulation results show that the rough set model built in this paper is efficient, feasible and reasonable, and the algorithm can support the air combat maneuver strategy decision system. |
20,523 | Please write an abstract with title: IoT Reconnaissance Attack Classification with Random Undersampling and Ensemble Feature Selection, and key words: Training, Buildings, Receivers, Reconnaissance, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Internet of Things. Abstract: The exponential increase in the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has been accompanied by a spike in cyberattacks on IoT networks. In this research, we investigate the Bot-IoT dataset with a focus on classifying IoT reconnaissance attacks. Reconnaissance attacks are a foundational step in the cyberattack lifecycle. Our contribution is centered on the building of predictive models with the aid of Random Undersampling (RUS) and ensemble Feature Selection Techniques (FSTs). As far as we are aware, this type of experimentation has never been performed for the Reconnaissance attack category of Bot-IoT. Our work uses the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) metric to quantify the performance of a diverse range of classifiers: Light GBM, CatBoost, XGBoost, Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), and a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). For this study, we determined that the best learners are DT and DT-based ensemble classifiers, the best RUS ratio is 1:1 or 1:3, and the best ensemble FST is our “6 Agree” technique. |
20,524 | Please write an abstract with title: Hysteresis Modelling in Additively Manufactured FeSi Magnetic Components for Electrical Machines and Drives, and key words: Additive manufacturing (AM), magnetic cores, magnetic hysteresis, neural networks, Preisach theory. Abstract: An advanced magnetic hysteresis modeling, exploiting the Preisach theory and the neural networks, is applied and discussed for the simulation of the magnetization processes of magnetic components made by laser powder bed fusion. Silicon iron samples with different percentage silicon content are used for the evaluation of the accuracy and reliability of the proposed approach. Measurements of the hysteresis loops and energy losses are compared with the computed results for different magnetization amplitudes and frequency rates. This approach is presented and evaluated here to provide a method for the accurate representation of the magnetization processes and the prediction of energy losses involved in additively manufactured ferromagnetic cores, in order to optimize their energy efficiency along different applications. |
20,525 | Please write an abstract with title: Solar power on the NOMAD buoy, and key words: Sea measurements, Testing, Battery charge measurement, Circuits, Voltage, Current measurement, Power demand, Solar energy, Poles and towers, Oceans. Abstract: In summarizing this report it can be stated that solar energy has been effectively applied to recharge nickel cadmium and lead acid storage batteries for periods of 6 months under natural environmental conditions in tropical ocean areas. The ultimate length of time over which this energy conversion can be accomplished will be answered in continued testing. Field testing over the six month period indicates no measurable deterioration of the energy conversion system. Effectiveness of a trickle charging technique is measurable by specific gravity measurements on a large ampere-hour capacity lead-acid battery. It was not found necessary to orient the solar panels to follow the sun position and that diffused sky brightness conditions over the ocean provide many more hours of effective high level sky brightness conditions than had been anticipated. Two panels were operating during the passage of hurricanes Camille and Laurie in the storm area in the Gulf of Mexico and no deterioration in performance has been detected. Results to date indicate a possible successful correlation of solar energy panels to the measurement of fog and visibility at sea. |
20,526 | Please write an abstract with title: Suppression of reflections by directive probes in spherical near-field measurements, and key words: Probes, Testing, Antenna measurements, Directive antennas, Electromagnetic waveguides, Optical reflection, Volume measurement, Aperture antennas, Reflector antennas, Anechoic chambers. Abstract: The influence of probe correction in spherical near-field measurements on signals from outside the test volume is investigated theoretically and experimentally. It is found that the suppression of reflections obtained by a directive probe is not disturbed by the probe correction. A geometric relation between the antenna "minimum sphere" and the probe pattern beamwidth is established, whose satisfaction guarantees the absence of numerical instabilities in the far-field computation. The condition is sufficient, but not necessary if the "minimum sphere" of the antenna is in the near field of the probe. |
20,527 | Please write an abstract with title: Computability of finite-time reachable sets for hybrid systems, and key words: Turing machines, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Computational modeling, Control theory, Computer science, Digital control, Control systems, Occupational stress, Hardware, Software packages. Abstract: In this paper we consider the computability of the evolution of hybrid systems, or equivalently, the computability of finite-time reachable sets. We use the framework of type-two computability theory and computable analysis, which gives a theory of computation for points, sets and maps by Turing machines, and is related to computable approximation. We show that, under suitable hypotheses, the system evolution may be lower or upper semicomputable, but cannot be both in the presence of grazing contact with the guard sets. |
20,528 | Please write an abstract with title: Tactile-Based Object Recognition Using a Grasp-Centric Exploration, and key words: Visualization, Costs, Force, Tactile sensors, Grasping, Feature extraction, Sensors. Abstract: As humans, our grasping and manipulation skills are highly dependent on our ability to perceive tactile properties. Conversely, most of today's robotic operations still rely predominantly on visual feedback for identifying the objects that need to be grasped and handled. In this work, we study the problem of recognizing everyday objects based solely on their tactile attributes. This has a significant practical value, as it could allow object identification even when visual sensing is impossible, or assist vision in difficult contexts. Our method consists of acquiring multi-modal tactile sensing data during a quick grasp-centric exploration phase, with minimal operational cost. Our algorithm was able to recognize objects from a considerably-large set of 50 general purpose items with an accuracy of 98.1%. Moreover, we show that it is possible to reliably identify a large proportion of these objects by only analyzing the deformation pattern that they undergo during compression. Further, we study our method's ability to learn relevant tactile properties to classify new objects. We also share our tactile sensing database that contains various sensor data acquired from more than 1600 experiments, which was used for this work. Finally, we discuss the relative performance and role of each tactile modality for differentiating objects. |
20,529 | Please write an abstract with title: Information-Based Georeferencing of Multi-Sensor-Systems by Particle Filter with Implicit Measurement Equations, and key words: Location awareness, Global navigation satellite system, Measurement units, Reliability engineering, Particle measurements, Mathematical models, Particle filters. Abstract: Multi-Sensor-System (MSS) georeferencing is a challenging task in engineering that should be dealt with in the most reliable way possible. The most straight forward way for localizing a MSS is to rely on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) data. However, these data might not be always reliable enough or even available. Therefore, suitable filtering techniques are required to deal with such problems and to increase the reliability of the estimated states. In global localization and when it comes to real scenarios, particle filters are proven to deliver more realistic results than Kalman filter realizations. However, in MSS georeferencing where multiple sensors are used, different observation models are needed some of which could be of implicit type. In such a case, the likelihood estimation is challenging due to impossibility of estimating the observations by means of the generated samples. Therefore, the current paper offers a new particle filter methodology that can handle both implicit and explicit observation models. Final results of this methodology, which is applied on a simulated environment for georeferencing a MSS, are shown to be satisfactory. |
20,530 | Please write an abstract with title: Detection of Lung Cancer using Machine Learning Techniques Based on Routine Blood Indices, and key words: Lung cancer, Machine learning, Medical diagnostic imaging, Support vector machines, Training, Logistics, Sensitivity. Abstract: Cancer occurs due to the development of a large number of abnormal cells that causes uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells. The purpose of this research is to predict lung cancer using machine learning techniques based on routine blood indices and have better predictive results. We have used machine learning techniques such as XGBoost, Logistic Regression, SVM, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Decision Tree and KNN with GridSearchCV. Various scikit-learn algorithms have been used for feature selection, and only those features are selected that are important for our model. We found that XGBoost using GridSearchCV classification model is most suited for this work. |
20,531 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning-Aided Initialization for Variational Bayesian DOA Estimation, and key words: Direction-of-arrival estimation, Oceans, Simulation, Estimation, Sea measurements, Acoustic measurements, Acoustics. Abstract: We present a sparsity-promoting method for the detection and estimation of the directions of arrival (DOAs) of source signals. The proposed method is based on the recently introduced variational Bayesian line spectral estimation (VALSE) approach, which is gridless. However, the performance of VALSE is sensitive to an initial guess of the measurement noise variance and potential DOAs. Thus, we propose a sparse Bayesian learning-aided initialization. Simulation results show that this learning-aided VALSE outperforms state-of-the-art DOA estimation methods as well as the conventional VALSE. We also evaluate the proposed method using acoustic data from an ocean acoustics experiment. |
20,532 | Please write an abstract with title: Spoofing E-Mail Detection Using Stacking Algorithm, and key words: Machine learning algorithms, Costs, Phishing, Stacking, Machine learning, Computer architecture, Malware. Abstract: In 2021, email spoofing and phishing increased by 220 percent [10]. With such a large number, cybercriminals are exploiting opportunities to spoof emails and phish for valuable information and credentials. Consequently, the average cost of cybercrime was $4.24 million in 2021.Cyber threats come in all forms and configurations [10], so why email? Because email is where 94 percent of all malware enters a computer [10]. As a necessary consequence, it is preferable to secure emails. We investigated various approaches before actually presenting our approach to spoofing email detection. In this paper, we have discussed about the architecture model of stacking algorithm. We have also proposed stacking algorithm is one of the best performer algorithm with respect to accuracy and speed of operations for detecting spoof emails. We have compared few algorithms characteristics of machine learning. |
20,533 | Please write an abstract with title: Real-coded genetic algorithm with average-bound crossover and wavelet mutation for network parameters learning, and key words: Genetic algorithms, Genetic mutations, Signal processing algorithms, Neural networks, Stability, Gradient methods, Genetic engineering, Benchmark testing, Associative memory, Magnetic resonance imaging. Abstract: This paper presents the learning of neural network parameters using a real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) with proposed crossover and mutation. They are called the average-bound crossover (AveBXover) and wavelet mutation (WM). By introducing the proposed genetic operations, both the solution quality and stability are better than the RCGA with conventional genetic operations. A suite of benchmark test functions are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. An application example on an associative memory neural network is used to show the learning performance brought by the proposed RCGA. |
20,534 | Please write an abstract with title: Molecular Communication Transmitter Design in Limited-Capacity Storage Regime, and key words: Transmitters, Production, Nanobioscience, Mathematical models, Receivers, Molecular communication (telecommunication), Biological system modeling. Abstract: The limited storage capacity at the transmitters of a molecular communication (MC) system can affect the system’s performance. One of the reasons for this limitation is the size restriction of the transmitter, which the storage must be replenished so that the transmitter has enough molecules for future transmission. This paper proposes a biologically inspired transmitter model based on neurons for MC whose storage charging and discharging follow differential equations. The proposed transmitter opens its outlet for a specific time in each time frame to exponentially release a portion of stored molecules to code bit-1 and remains silent to code bit-0. We analyze our model based on different transmission parameters. These parameters are the symbol duration, the release time duration, the storage capacity, and the release and replenishment rate of the storage. We find that the storage outlet must be open for a certain period within the time slot duration in order to improve the performance of the proposed system. Additionally, we demonstrate that determining the effect of storage capacity size can be important for practical MC due to the significant differences between the ideal transmitter and the proposed one, which have a limited size. We show that increases in the transmitter storage size can improve the system performance. As a result, taking a closer look at these practical transmitters is essential to solving the problems and challenges of molecular communication systems. |
20,535 | Please write an abstract with title: TSO/DSO Coordination for Voltage Regulation on Transmission Level: A Greek Case Study, and key words: Electric potential, Regulators, Regulation, Power system reliability, Reliability, Stakeholders, Cost benefit analysis. Abstract: This paper primarily aims to demonstrate how TSO, and DSO shall act in a coordinated manner to procure, and activate innovative flexibility services in a reliable, and efficient way. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the financial, and system reliability benefits the TSO can exhibit by leveraging flexibility, under different coordination frameworks between the operators, in order to alleviate overvoltages caused by Ferranti effect. For this purpose, a service-oriented flexibility market is introduced. A case study from the Greek power system is used to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of the proposed market solution to the Business as Usual voltage regulation practice, under a spectrum of different technoeconomical parameters. The results indicate that the proposed flexibility solution can have significant economical benefits for TSO to regulate voltage through DSO or TSO connected assets. |
20,536 | Please write an abstract with title: Multicast congestion control for multimedia collaborative applications in packet switched networks, and key words: Collaboration, Intelligent networks, Packet switching. Abstract: We investigate the problem of congestion control for multicast traffic over datagram packet switched networks and present an end-to-end solution to it. The focus of our study is on multimedia collaborative applications. The group members of such applications, typically, span a heterogeneous inter-network, where routers and links may vary widely in their capabilities. Recently, two end-to-end approaches have been introduced for multicast congestion control: hierarchical multicast (a window based approach), and multiple group (a rate based approach). In this paper, we introduce a new end-to-end technique for multicast congestion control that utilizes multiple groups and is window based. We have conducted an analytical study to evaluate our work, which shows encouraging results compared to other techniques. |
20,537 | Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Hybrid and Knowledge Based Recommender System for Accurate Prediction of Movies, and key words: Correlation, Error analysis, Clustering methods, Computational modeling, Knowledge based systems, Collaboration, Probabilistic logic. Abstract: Recommender system is an adaptive technology and tool that is used in business organizations for offering the products and services by observing their interest and popularity of products. In this paper, an improvement over the existing hybrid and knowledge based recommender system is proposed by integrating the clustering method within content based filter and classification method within collaborative filter. The proposed method handled the scalability problem by using the fuzzy clustering method. This reduced dimension based dataset is processed by the probabilistic Bayesian network classifier for predicting the recommendations. The sparsity problem is handled in both stage of this model. The proposed recommender system model is applied on MovieLens dataset. The comparative analysis was done against content-based recommender system (CBRS), Pearson correlation based collaborative recommender system (PCRS), Frequency-weighted Pearson Correlation (FPC), Weighted Pearson Correlation (WPC) and hybrid recommender systems (HRS). The average RMSE rate achieved by CBRS, PCRS, FPC, WPC, HRS and the proposed hybrid recommender system are 0.3851, 0.3515, 0.3527, 0.3539, 0.3340 and 0.1987 respectively. The significant reduction in MAE rate is also identified in this work. The experimentation results identified that the proposed model reduced the error rate and improved the accuracy rate over existing systems. |
20,538 | Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid User Pairing for Spectral and Energy Efficiencies in Multiuser MISO-NOMA Networks With SWIPT, and key words: NOMA, Array signal processing, MISO communication, Resource management, Optimization, 5G mobile communication, Downlink. Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid user pairing (HUP) scheme in multiuser multiple-input single-output non-orthogonal multiple access networks with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. In this system, two information users with distinct channel conditions are optimally paired while energy users perform energy harvesting (EH) under non-linearity of the EH circuits. We consider the problem of jointly optimizing user pairing and power allocation to maximize the overall spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) subject to user-specific quality-of-service and harvested power requirements. A new paradigm for the EE-EH trade-off is then proposed to achieve a good balance of network power consumption. Such design problems are formulated as the maximization of non-concave functions subject to the class of mixed-integer non-convex constraints, which are very challenging to solve optimally. To address these challenges, we first relax binary pairing variables to be continuous and transform the design problems into equivalent non-convex ones, but with more tractable forms. We then develop low-complexity iterative algorithms to improve the objectives and converge to a local optimum by means of the inner approximation framework. Simulation results show the convergence of proposed algorithms and the SE and EE improvements of the proposed HUP scheme over state-of-the-art designs. In addition, the effects of key parameters such as the number of antennas and dynamic power at the BS, target data rates, and energy threshold, on the system performance are evaluated to show the effectiveness of the proposed schemes in balancing resource utilization. |
20,539 | Please write an abstract with title: A Monte Carlo Approach for Antenna Blocking Probability Estimation in Mobile Networks, and key words: Wireless communication, Technological innovation, Cloud computing, Monte Carlo methods, Urban areas, Estimation, Mobile antennas. Abstract: This paper proposes a novel and flexible approach to estimate and identify the blocking probability of each antenna in a mobile cellular system using a Monte Carlo method. To this end, we achieve the system steady-state behavior in a self-implemented simulator and, then, estimate the blocking probability of each antenna based on the sample mean convergence. The proposed approach is not limited to any generation of mobile network technology, being useful not only to plan antenna placement, but also to identify possible improvement for networks that are already deployed. Our self-implemented simulator reproduces the movement of users in a city using synthetic mobility over a real city map, where cellular antennas are placed according to the mobile cellular network of a Brazilian telecommunications operator. The results show that the dynamic user movement, biased by most common target destinations, overloads not only antennas that cover the busiest places in the city but also antennas in transport routes between regions and close to crowded places. |
20,540 | Please write an abstract with title: Time-Varying Plasmonic Particles, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Frequency modulation, Dipole antennas, Receiving antennas, Differential equations, Plasmons, Metamaterials. Abstract: In this paper, we derive a third-order linear differential equation for describing polarization dynamics of a spherical plasmonic nanoparticle. We entitle such equation, being analogous to the Abraham-Lorentz equation, as the Rüdenberg equation that was initially written in 1907 for elucidating the Hertzian dipole antenna in the receiving regime. Based on this equation, we study the case when the plasma frequency of the nanoparticle material varies in time. Under some assumptions, we find analytical solutions which describe the radiative decay of such time-varying nanoparticle. |
20,541 | Please write an abstract with title: Hardware Root-of-Trust Design Based on on-chip PUF for AIoT Applications, and key words: Security, Hardware, Physical unclonable function, Entropy, Engines, Cryptography, Very large scale integration. Abstract: With the popularization of AIoT applications, every endpoint device is facing information security risks. Thus, how to ensure the security of the device becomes essential. Chip security is divided into software security and hardware security, both of which are indispensable and complement each other. Hardware security underpins the entire cybersecurity ecosystem by proving essential primitives, including key provisioning, hardware cryptographic engines, hardware unique key (HUK), and unique identification (UID). This establishes a Hardware Root of Trust (HRoT) with secure storage, secure operation, and a secure environment to provide a trustworthy foundation for chip security. Today's talk starts with how to use a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) to generate a unique “fingerprint” (static random number) for the chip. Next, we will address using a static random number and dynamic entropy to design a high-performance true random number generator and achieve real anti-tampering HRoT by leveraging static and dynamic entropy. By integrating NISTstandard cryptographic engines, we have created an authentic PUF-based Hardware Root of Trust. The all-in-one integrated solution can handle all the necessary security functions throughout the product life cycle as well as maintaining a secure boundary to achieve the integrity of sensitive information or assets. Finally, as hardware-level protection extends to operating systems and applications, products and services become secure. |
20,542 | Please write an abstract with title: UMDS multipurpose multimedia distribution system, and key words: Multimedia systems, Organizing, Tellurium, Computer integrated manufacturing, IEEE catalog. Abstract: At present the systems of broadband wireless access have reached high levels of technological sophistication and constitute an important part of national telecommunications infrastructure in addition to cable, fiber-optic and satellite communications. A new strategic trend is the implementation of microwave technologies providing the synthesis between TV and Internet at a qualitatively higher level. This report describes the UMDS multipurpose multimedia distribution system based on technologies and engineering solutions applied in various versions of MITRIS. |
20,543 | Please write an abstract with title: Design considerations for two-dimensional symmetric bootlace lenses, and key words: Optical design, Lenses, Optical waveguides, Electromagnetic waveguides, Radar antennas, Optical refraction, Feeds, Microwave antennas, Antenna accessories. Abstract: It is generally known that a symmetrical bootlace lens having two pairs of conjugate foci can be designed. Additionally, there is a bootlace lens, the R-2R, which focuses perfectly at infinitely many points. It is shown in this paper that the R-2R is unique; there are no other perfect bootlace lenses and, in fact, no others with more than two pairs of conjugate off-axis foci. |
20,544 | Please write an abstract with title: Immune algorithm, and key words: Immune system, Information entropy, Intelligent control, Automation. Abstract: Immune algorithm is a new optimization algorithm imitating the immune system to solve the multimodal function optimization problem. This paper offers a newly modified immune algorithm based on several former immune algorithms, and shows its ability to solve the multimodal function optimization problem. |
20,545 | Please write an abstract with title: Visual Tracking With Siamese Network Based on Fast Attention Network, and key words: Target tracking, Visualization, Residual neural networks, Convolutional neural networks, Adaptation models, Deep learning. Abstract: Visual tracking remains an open challenge, as it requires real-time and long-term accurate target prediction. Siamese network has been widely studied due to its excellent accuracy and speed. Since long-term tracking may lead to model degradation and drift, most existing algorithms cannot well solve this problem. This article proposes a new Siamese Network based on Fast Attention Network named SiamFA. This method designs an attention model, which can enhance the key and global information of the target, to obtain a more robust target model and achieve long-term tracking. At the same time, the attention model is used to obtain the potential position information of the target when calculating the similarity between the template and the search area. In addition, the attention network we design reduces many redundant operations and effectively improves computational efficiency. We utilize a multi-layer perceptron to forecast the bounding box to avoid excessive hyper-parameters. In order to verify the effectiveness of our network, we conduct tests on many commonly used datasets, such as OTB100, GOT-10k, LaSOT, TrackingNet, UAV123. Our method can achieve a success rate of 62.7% and the precision rate of 64.3% on LaSOT. At the same time, it can run at about 100fps, which exceeds the comparison network, proving that our network can run in real-time. |
20,546 | Please write an abstract with title: A Blockchain-Based Model for Efficient, Privacy-Preserving Online Medical Diagnoses, and key words: Data privacy, Resists, Medical services, Denial-of-service attack, Blockchains, Security, Pattern analysis. Abstract: Patient personal data is growing exponentially due to the digitization of medical systems and the increasing number of patients and diseases which can be collected during online diagnostics for commercial use in the manufacture of medicines for example or for scientific research without their authorization as well as to invade the patient's privacy, knowing his medical record, which can affect his psyche. Scaling, maintaining, and managing a centralized security model can be very difficult and expensive. A centralized security infrastructure introduces a single point of failure, making it an easy target for DDoS attacks (Denial-of-service attacks) and Centralized infrastructure is difficult to implement in industrial configurations where peripheral nodes are geographically dis-persed. During this study, we propose a blockchain based medical data retention system, we demonstrate the ability of this technology to maintain the confidentiality and transparency of data stored online, thanks to encrypted information that is difficult to access or use, knowing and verifying all transactions. Our result through this study was largely satisfactory since we demonstrated the power of this technology at two levels of security, namely data security and privacy. |
20,547 | Please write an abstract with title: Wide Angle Frequency Scanning Antenna for X-Band Applications, and key words: Antennas, Broadband antennas, Antenna measurements, Microwave antenna arrays, Leaky wave antennas, Frequency measurement, Beam steering. Abstract: Beam Steering antennas are a significant part of the communication systems applications requiring tracking or frequent repositioning. In this work, a new high gain broadband leaky-wave antenna is presented for X-band applications. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed Antenna is 32.65% and the scanning angle is 160 degrees. The fabricated antenna results are in good agreement with the simulation results. |
20,548 | Please write an abstract with title: Wavelet Lifting for Speckle Noise Reduction in Ultrasound Images, and key words: Speckle, Noise reduction, Ultrasonic imaging, Wavelet domain, Wavelet transforms, Noise level, Biomedical imaging, Filtering, Multiresolution analysis, Filters. Abstract: In this paper, a wavelet domain method for speckle noise filtering is presented. It uses non-decimated wavelet transform and generalized cross validation thresholding technique. The spatial correlation of ultrasound speckle noise is broken by multiresolution analysis. Level dependent thresholding removes noise in the wavelet domain based on automatic estimation of noise energy in each subband. The efficacy of this filter is demonstrated on both simulated and real medical ultrasound images. The result is shown to be promising and outperforms other de-noising approaches. A single adjustable parameter can be used by medical experts to balance the relevant image feature preservation and the speckle noise suppression. Lifting scheme as a way of constructing new biorthogonal wavelets based on existing wavelet as well as a way of performing wavelet transform is studied in this research to improve the performance of wavelet de-noising |
20,549 | Please write an abstract with title: Spectral broadening of pulsating Al<inf>x</inf>Ga<inf>1-x</inf>As double heterostructure lasers, and key words: Laser modes, Optical pulses, Pulse measurements, Chirp, Refractive index, Stimulated emission, Geometrical optics, DH-HEMTs, Optical refraction, Optical variables control. Abstract: The longitudinal mode spectrum of stripe geometry double heterostructure (DH) lasers exhibits a spectral broadening of ∼ 0.8 Å when the laser emits pulsations. The broadening results from a chirp to longer wavelengths which occurs during the ∼ 0.4 ns long pulse. The chirp is due to an increase of the refractive index resulting from the reduction in the carrier concentration during the pulse. Both plasma and band to band interactions affect the index change with the latter mechanism giving the dominant contribution. A comparison of the wavelength shift obtained during the pulse with the current dependent shift of the longitudinal modes at currents well below threshold confirms that the change in carrier concentration is responsible for the chirp. |
20,550 | Please write an abstract with title: Detailed Assessment of Sleep Architecture With Deep Learning and Shorter Epoch-to-Epoch Duration Reveals Sleep Fragmentation of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and key words: Sleep, Sleep apnea, Brain modeling, Training, Statistics, Sociology, Hospitals. Abstract: Traditional sleep staging with non-overlapping 30-second epochs overlooks multiple sleep-wake transitions. We aimed to overcome this by analyzing the sleep architecture in more detail with deep learning methods and hypothesized that the traditional sleep staging underestimates the sleep fragmentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. To test this hypothesis, we applied deep learning-based sleep staging to identify sleep stages with the traditional approach and by using overlapping 30-second epochs with 15-, 5-, 1-, or 0.5-second epoch-to-epoch duration. A dataset of 446 patients referred for polysomnography due to OSA suspicion was used to assess differences in the sleep architecture between OSA severity groups. The amount of wakefulness increased while REM and N3 decreased in severe OSA with shorter epoch-to-epoch duration. In other OSA severity groups, the amount of wake and N1 decreased while N3 increased. With the traditional 30-second epoch-to-epoch duration, only small differences in sleep continuity were observed between the OSA severity groups. With 1-second epoch-to-epoch duration, the hazard ratio illustrating the risk of fragmented sleep was 1.14 (p = 0.39) for mild OSA, 1.59 (p <; 0.01) for moderate OSA, and 4.13 (p <; 0.01) for severe OSA. With shorter epoch-to-epoch durations, total sleep time and sleep efficiency increased in the non-OSA group and decreased in severe OSA. In conclusion, more detailed sleep analysis emphasizes the highly fragmented sleep architecture in severe OSA patients which can be underestimated with traditional sleep staging. The results highlight the need for a more detailed analysis of sleep architecture when assessing sleep disorders. |
20,551 | Please write an abstract with title: Line Graph Neural Networks for Link Prediction, and key words: Feature extraction, Task analysis, Predictive models, Graph neural networks, Convolution, Deep learning, Topology. Abstract: We consider the graph link prediction task, which is a classic graph analytical problem with many real-world applications. With the advances of deep learning, current link prediction methods commonly compute features from subgraphs centered at two neighboring nodes and use the features to predict the label of the link between these two nodes. In this formalism, a link prediction problem is converted to a graph classification task. In order to extract fixed-size features for classification, graph pooling layers are necessary in the deep learning model, thereby incurring information loss. To overcome this key limitation, we propose to seek a radically different and novel path by making use of the line graphs in graph theory. In particular, each node in a line graph corresponds to a unique edge in the original graph. Therefore, link prediction problems in the original graph can be equivalently solved as a node classification problem in its corresponding line graph, instead of a graph classification task. Experimental results on fourteen datasets from different applications demonstrate that our proposed method consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, while it has fewer parameters and high training efficiency. |
20,552 | Please write an abstract with title: Improvement of the excitation source in the narrow-band linear prediction vocoder, and key words: Narrowband, Vocoders, Linear predictive coding, Speech synthesis, Signal processing, Frequency, Speech processing, Synthesizers, Speech analysis, Speech enhancement. Abstract: The major weakness of the current narrow-band LPC synthesizer lies in the use of a "canned" invariant excitation signal, The use of such an excitation signal is based on three primary assumptions, namely, 1) that the amplitude spectrum of the excitation signal is flat and time invariant, 2) that the phase spectrum of the voiced excitation signal is a time-invariant function of frequency, and 3) that the probability density function of the phase spectrum of the unvoiced excitation signal is also time invariant. This paper critically examines these assumptions and presents modifications which improve the quality of the synthesized speech without requiring the transmission of additional data. Diagnostic acceptability measure (DAM) tests show an increase of up to five points in overall speech quality with the implementation of each of these improvements. These modifications can also improve the speech quality of LPC-based speech synthesizers. |
20,553 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Cigarette strip defect Detection System based on ZYNQ, and key words: Strips, Information science, Image recognition, Transforms, Manuals, Inspection, Logic functions. Abstract: At present, most of the tobacco quality inspection links use manual, but due to the speed and detection accuracy is not high enough, often lead to a very long quality inspection links, and mistakenly checked cigarettes into the market will cause economic losses to the company. In order to improve the speed and accuracy of cigarette inspection, a ZYNQ cigarette bar defect detection system was designed and implemented. After binarization processing and image filtering, Sobel operator is used to draw the contour of the image, and then Hough transform is used to get the image of the end face broken line. After rotation correction of the image, the judgment of defect detection is made. If the defect type is determined, the defective products are separated by sound and light alarm and automatic smoke separation device. The experiment shows that the average detection speed of the system for cigarette bar defects is less than 40ms, which meets the real-time requirements of the system. The detection accuracy is 98.67%, and the false detection rate is 0.05%, with low false detection rate. |
20,554 | Please write an abstract with title: Energy-efficient Blood Pressure Monitoring based on Single-site Photoplethysmogram on Wearable Devices, and key words: Wearable computers, Data preprocessing, Artificial neural networks, Energy efficiency, Hardware, Blood pressure, Real-time systems. Abstract: The paper proposes accurate Blood Pressure Monitoring (BPM) based on a single-site Photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor and provides an energy-efficient solution on edge cuffless wearable devices. Continuous PPG signal preprocessed and used as input of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and outputs systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean arterial BP (MAP) values for each heartbeat. The improvement of the BPM accuracy is obtained by removing outliers in the preprocessing step and the whole-based inputs compared to parameter-based inputs extracted from the PPG signal. Performance obtained is 3.42 ± 5.42 mmHg (MAE ± RMSD) for SBP, 1.92 ± 3.29 mmHg for DBP, and 2.21 ± 3.50 mmHg for MAP which is competitive compared to other studies. This is the first BPM solution with edge computing artificial intelligence as we have learned so far. Evaluation experiments on real hardware show that the solution takes 42.2 ms, 18.2 KB RAM, and 2.1 mJ average energy per reading. |
20,555 | Please write an abstract with title: Positive switching impulse discharge characteristics and voltage correction of rod-plane short air-gap at altitude of 4000 m and above, and key words: Voltage, Air gaps, Rail transportation, Power supplies, Laboratories, Humidity, Impulse testing, Dielectrics and electrical insulation, Railway engineering, Design engineering. Abstract: According to the laboratory investigations carried out on the positive switching impulse discharge performance of rod-plane short air-gaps less than 500 mm simulated the atmospheric pressures of the altitude of 4000 m and above in the artificial climate chamber, this paper discusses the effects of the altitude and the atmospheric conditions on the positive switching impulse discharge performance of rod-plane short air-gaps of 200/spl sim/450 mm, and puts forward that the discharge voltage of the air-gaps is related to the relative air density and the temperature and the absolute humidity, and that the 50% positive switching impulse discharge voltage of a rod-plane short air-gap is the power function of the product of relative air density and the absolute humidity, and that the characteristic index of the effect of atmosphere on the discharge voltage is about 0.41 for the short air-gaps less than 500 mm. Based on the analysis of the tested results, it puts forward the atmospheric correction factor of discharge voltage of the short air-gaps at the positive switching impulse voltage. |
20,556 | Please write an abstract with title: Modal Actuation and Sensing With an Active AFM Cantilever, and key words: Sensors, Actuators, Vibrations, Shape, Electrodes, Force, Frequency response. Abstract: Modal actuation and sensing are implemented on a microfabricated AFM cantilever with a two-layer piezoelectric stack transducer. The top transducer is shaped as the second derivative of the first mode shape. The bottom transducer is uniformly distributed along the cantilever length. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate that modal actuation and sensing can be used to eliminate other resonances from frequency response function of the active cantilever, except the first mode. First-order mathematical formulations are presented to model transverse vibrations of the cantilevers under this study. Microfabrication steps and characterization of these cantilevers are reported. Their respective actuation and sensing gains are determined for comparison with conventional active cantilevers. Electromechanical coupling coefficients are also calculated to exhibit reciprocity of modal actuation and sensing in eliminating higher modes from the frequency response. The advantages of modal actuation and sensing in avoiding instabilities in feedback controlled AFM active cantilevers are also demonstrated. |
20,557 | Please write an abstract with title: Wearable Lower Limb Exoskeletons for paraplegia: A Review, and key words: Legged locomotion, Technological innovation, Costs, Exoskeletons, Nervous system, Paralysis, Time factors. Abstract: This article examines several designs of lower limb exoskeletons (LLE) used to assist paraplegia. Paraplegia is a kind of paralysis that affects the lower half of the body, making it difficult to move. The condition occurs when a disease or an event causes damage to the part of the nervous system that controls the bottom half of your body. Assistive technology is evolving at a rapid pace in today’s society. The majority of individuals suffer from knee and back discomfort, which makes them impossible to walk correctly. In this scenario, an assistance technology such as an exoskeleton will aid older individuals in walking. It includes assistance for SCI sufferers, the elderly, and military personnel who are weary of climbing high heights. Furthermore, it may be utilized for physiotherapy, which lowers the therapist’s workload as well as the cost and time constraints for patients. Mechanical design elements such as weight, actuators, cost, control, and gait analysis will be addressed. Finally, the applications of various LLEs are examined. |
20,558 | Please write an abstract with title: Metal Oxide Coated Optical Fiber for Humidity Sensing Application: A Review, and key words: Metal oxide, fiber optic, humidity sensor. Abstract: Humidity measurement in biomedicals, industry and electronic manufacturing applications needs an accurate and fast measurement of relative humidity by the sensor. In recent years, electronic sensors are utilized in the market, but optical humidity sensors provide several advantages over it. This paper reports the classification of optical fiber humidity sensors based on their working principles, such as fiber Bragg gratings, interferometers, and resonators. Along with the mentioned optical fiber structures, their fabrication process, equipment required for humidity sensing and the coating technique used are explained in this review. Recently, metal oxide semiconductors have been widely used as sensing material, specifically in humidity sensor applications. Thus, this paper explores optical fiber humidity sensors based on the three working principles mentioned, all of which incorporate metal oxide coatings. This review reveals that the most commonly used metal oxide for optical fiber humidity sensing is graphene oxide. This is because graphene oxide offers high sensitivity, fast response and recovery time over the other types of metal oxide. A large number of oxygen-containing groups on the surface and edge of graphene oxide also contribute to humidity sensing performance since it can permeate and absorb more water molecules. The use of hybrid nanomaterials is recently discovered and their potential as emerging coating material for optical applications are not fully exploited yet. Thus, there is still an opportunity for improvement in terms of sensitivity, response and recovery time in the context of optical fiber humidity sensor. |
20,559 | Please write an abstract with title: Forecasting Sales in Retail with XGBoost and Iterated Multi-step Ahead Method, and key words: Industries, Time series analysis, Estimation, Predictive models, Market research, User experience, Resource management. Abstract: Due to shopping trends change, retailers are prompt to optimize their business processes in order to provide more personalized, faster and smarter user experience, grow revenue and reduce business costs. Retail operational decisions include product allocation, product replenishment points and vehicle routes for inventory renewal. In all of these areas, a distinctive contribution lies in accurate estimation of product demand. This paper focuses on forecasting sales in retail. The product sales is modeled by using XGBoost algorithm and iterated multi-step ahead method on the horizon of 7 days. Model inputs include real historical sales data, seasonality and working/non-working day indicators. Model is tested with a real dataset of five chosen products provided by an industry partner. Results are compared to the baseline linear model and show improvement of over 21%. |
20,560 | Please write an abstract with title: Smooth and Analytic Normal and Canonical Forms for Strict Feedforward Systems, and key words: Feedforward systems, Control systems, Nonlinear control systems, State feedback, Linear feedback control systems, Mathematics, Educational institutions, Resonance. Abstract: Recently we proved that any smooth (resp.analytic) strict feedforward system can be brought into its normal form via a smooth (resp. analytic) feedback transformation. This will allow us to identify a subclass of strict feedforward systems, called systems in special strict feedforward form, shortly (SSFF), possessing a canonical form which is an analytic counterpart of the formal canonical form. For (SSFF)-systems, the step-by-step normalization procedure of Kang and Krener leads to smooth (resp. convergent analytic) normalizing feedback transformations. We illustrate the class of (SSFF)-systems by a model of an inverted pendulum on a cart. |
20,561 | Please write an abstract with title: Resonant Frequency Characteristics of a Wireless Power Transfer System based on Dual-Receiver Configuration without Cross Coupling, and key words: Couplings, Resistance, Resonant frequency, Rectifiers, RLC circuits, Receivers, Wireless power transfer. Abstract: This paper discusses resonant frequency characteristics of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on dual-receiver configuration without cross coupling. The WPT system discussed in this paper realizes the no cross coupling condition between the receivers by adjusting their arrangement. The resonant frequency and the output voltage are derived by using a simple equivalent circuit. This paper focused on the highest resonant frequency in the system and experiment are conducted its condition. The experimental results about the resonant frequency and the output voltage under the variation of coupling coefficients between the inverter and the both rectifiers are agreed with theoretical values. |
20,562 | Please write an abstract with title: Super Resolution Image Restoration Algorithm : Based on Wavelet and Interpolation, and key words: Wavelet transforms, Interpolation, Image resolution, Wavelet domain, Visual effects, Image restoration, High frequency. Abstract: Aiming at the problem of face image restoration, a super resolution image restoration algorithm based on wavelet and bicubic interpolation is proposed. Low-resolution image is decomposed by wavelet transform. Then, the high frequency sub images of the original low-resolution image are interpolated in the wavelet transform domain, and the high-resolution image is obtained by the bicubic interpolation of the low-resolution image. The experimental results show that the image restoration algorithm based on wavelet and bicubic interpolation is better than the traditional interpolation algorithms (nearest neighbor interpolation, bilinear interpolation, bicubic interpolation) in face image restoration. |
20,563 | Please write an abstract with title: Approach to Assessing Quality Indicators, and key words: Combustion, Engines, Magnetic fields, Magnetic moments, Magnetic liquids, Hydrocarbons. Abstract: The article analyzes the indicators obtained in the results of experimental research. These indicators determine physical, chemical, operational and environmental changes as a result of the influence of magnetic fields. A comparative analysis of electrophysical influence on liquid systems was carried out. Calculation of the uncertainty of input values during experimental studies allowed to increase the reliability of decision making regarding the degree of electro-physical impact on ecological indicators. |
20,564 | Please write an abstract with title: Towards searching the operating equilibrium hexapod motor temperature, and key words: Temperature measurement, Heating systems, Thermal expansion, Parallel robots, Actuators, Automation, Boundary conditions. Abstract: Thermal expansion is one of the main sources of inaccuracy in hexapods (parallel robots with 6 degrees of freedom also known as Gough platform). The heat sources that cause thermal expansion can be internal or external to the robot. The main internal heat source of the hexapod is the motor. This paper presents a comparative study of three methods (experimental, analytical and numerical) to predict the temporal evolution of the temperature in the motor of the hexapod. The theoretical study has been correlated by experimental measurements of temperature in several points of the motor. One of the goals of this study is to determine the time needed to reach a stable temperature in the engine. |
20,565 | Please write an abstract with title: A temperature accelerated model for high state retention loss of nitride storage flash memory, and key words: Temperature, Acceleration, Flash memory, Tunneling, Electron traps, Electron emission, Charge carrier processes, Voltage, Testing, Degradation. Abstract: A temperature accelerated model, which is based on the tunneling out of the thermally emitted electrons in the nitride layer via traps at the bottom oxide, is proposed to explain the retention loss behavior of high V/sub T/ states in MXVAND products with respect to bake temperature, bake time, and cycling numbers. The model parameters can be easily extracted and the fitting results show an acceptable accuracy. According to this model, the retention loss should follow a straight line on a semi-log scale and the slope is proportional to the temperature. Besides, the cycling number dependence is successfully reproduced by considering the erase degradation and the growth rate of oxide traps. |
20,566 | Please write an abstract with title: Ultra-short-term Interval Prediction Model for Photovoltaic Power Based on Bayesian Optimization, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Adaptation models, Fluctuations, Uncertainty, Distribution networks, Predictive models, Probabilistic logic. Abstract: Photovoltaic power generation has great potential to replace the traditional coal-fired power generation which has high pollution and high energy consumption. However, photovoltaic power generation has great uncertainty, so how to accurately predict the photovoltaic power generation is an urgent issue to be solved. Currently, Artificial Intelligence provides a promising way to improve prediction accuracy and reliability. In addition, compared with deterministic prediction, probabilistic prediction can analyze the probability distribution of photovoltaic power generation at a certain time period to obtain more favorable results. In this paper, based on a deep learning algorithm, a probabilistic algorithm of time series prediction based on Bayesian optimization is proposed. The input data are optimized by the Bayesian networks, and deterministic results are predicted by using the LSTM network. A case study of prediction results shows that the probabilistic prediction interval of photovoltaic power under 15%-95% incredible conditions can be effectively obtained. The actual operation data of the photovoltaic power station are used to verify and the prediction results show that the precision of the optimized data is increased by about 20%, which shows good engineering application |
20,567 | Please write an abstract with title: Transient Effects of Band Non-Parabolicity in DGFETs for RF Applications, and key words: Computational Nanotechnology, Quantum Transport, Quantum Liouville, Mode Space, DGFET, Non-Parabolicity, Tight-Binding. Abstract: The atomistic investigation of modern nanoscale devices for RF applications requires time-resolved simulations, which often come with a high computational burden. Thus, the effective mass approximation is usually employed to reduce the complexity and computation times. Here, a novel approach combining a tight-binding like ansatz with a Quantum Liouville-type Equation is presented, that can effectively take into account any arbitrary energy dispersion relation. It is applied to analyze the charge carrier transport in a DGFET in a single non-parabolic valley and compared to the parabolic case for the stationary and transient cases. As it is shown, the application of the parabolic approximation leads to a severe underestimation of the current densities and does not capture distortion effects when RF amplifier operation is considered. |
20,568 | Please write an abstract with title: P6: A Declarative Language for Integrating Machine Learning in Visual Analytics, and key words: Visual analytics, Machine learning, Data visualization, Libraries, Python, Data analysis. Abstract: We present P6, a declarative language for building high performance visual analytics systems through its support for specifying and integrating machine learning and interactive visualization methods. As data analysis methods based on machine learning and artificial intelligence continue to advance, a visual analytics solution can leverage these methods for better exploiting large and complex data. However, integrating machine learning methods with interactive visual analysis is challenging. Existing declarative programming libraries and toolkits for visualization lack support for coupling machine learning methods. By providing a declarative language for visual analytics, P6 can empower more developers to create visual analytics applications that combine machine learning and visualization methods for data analysis and problem solving. Through a variety of example applications, we demonstrate P6's capabilities and show the benefits of using declarative specifications to build visual analytics systems. We also identify and discuss the research opportunities and challenges for declarative visual analytics. |
20,569 | Please write an abstract with title: Design Considerations for High-Voltage High-Current Bi-Directional DC Solid-State Circuit Breaker (SSCB) for Aerospace Applications, and key words: MOSFET, Network topology, Silicon carbide, Simulation, Voltage, Bidirectional control, Thermal conductivity. Abstract: Design of a high-voltage and high-current solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) for aerospace applications is highly challenging, as the overall system should comply with the most stringent operating environment. In addition, the implemented power semiconductor devices within the SSCB would require excellent thermal performance and efficiency with minimised conduction losses as they always operate during on-state and only break current when there is a fault. The newer generation of the more electric aircraft architecture has a proposed DC link voltage of 2.4 kV (+/- 1.2 kV) which is much higher than the presently used DC link voltage of 540 V (+/- 270 V). The proposed DC SSCB would be rated at 2.4 kV with a nominal current rating of 100 A and would be used for protection and controllability to protect the aircraft’s DC grid transmission network. A brief overview of the different elements of a DC SSCB have been discussed here followed by a discussion about the different viable bi-directional SSCB topology configurations. The thermal simulations were carried out in PLECs, which provide the conduction losses and junction temperature dynamics for different switch (Si devices and SiC MOSFETs) types and topologies. Moreover, different figures of merit such as conduction losses, semiconductor weight, and power density are also discussed. |
20,570 | Please write an abstract with title: VGV: supporting performance analysis of object-oriented mixed MPI/OpenMPI parallel applications, and key words: Performance analysis, Application software, Electrical capacitance tomography, Parallel processing, Software systems, Software maintenance, Software design, Propulsion, Java, Power engineering and energy. Abstract: In the past, developers of parallel science and engineering applications have been reluctant to embrace objectoriented languages due to the high abstraction penalties they incur at runtime. However, recent advances in design techniques and compiler technology have allowed C++ to emerge as a practical choice for these applications. Due to the lag in acceptance of these languages for parallel computing, there has also been a lag in commercial tool support for this application domain. This paper presents extensions made to the Vampir/GuideView (VGV) tool set to support performance analysis of object-oriented mixed MPI/OpenMP parallel applications. First, a performance data abstraction for object-oriented mixed MPI/OpenMP parallel applications is proposed. Next, the implementation of this abstraction within the VGV tool set is presented. Finally, our tool set is demonstrated by applying it to two parallel applications. VGV is the first commercial tool to provide performance analysis facilities for these types of applications. |
20,571 | Please write an abstract with title: An indirect current control of hybrid power filter for varying loads, and key words: Current control, Power filters, Power harmonic filters, Passive filters, Pi control, Proportional control, Voltage control, Power system harmonics, DC generators, Power generation. Abstract: This paper presents an indirect current control scheme of parallel hybrid power filter system (PHPF) with self-supporting dc bus to eliminate harmonics generated by the nonlinear load. The PHPF system consists of a shunt passive filter with an active filter (AF) in series with it connected at the point of common coupling (PCC) in parallel with nonlinear load. The AF is realized using a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with self supported dc bus. The compensation principles and dynamics of the system are discussed in detail. A proportional-integral (PI) controller over average dc bus voltage of the AF connected in series with passive filter is used for the control of the PHPF. The modeling equations of the PHPF are derived for compensation of harmonics generated by a three-phase rectifier load. The effectiveness of proposed control technique of the PHPF is demonstrated through simulated results under the dynamics of change of loads. |
20,572 | Please write an abstract with title: INR-MDSQC: Implicit Neural Representation Multiple Description Scalar Quantization for Robust Image Coding, and key words: Multiple Description Coding(MDC), Autoregressive Model, Synthesis Model, MutiLayer Perceptron (MLP), Implicit Neural Representation (INR). Abstract: Multiple Description Coding (MDC) is an error-resilient source coding method designed for transmission over noisy channels. We present a novel MDC scheme employing a neural network based on implicit neural representation. This involves overfitting the neural representation for images. Each description is transmitted along with model parameters and its respective latent spaces. Our method has advantages over traditional MDC that utilizes auto-encoders, such as eliminating the need for model training and offering high flexibility in redundancy adjustment. Experiments demonstrate that our solution is competitive with autoencoder-based MDC and classic MDC based on HEVC, delivering superior visual quality. |
20,573 | Please write an abstract with title: Multi-Domain Architecture for CAM Service Delivery Across Borders, and key words: Cellular networks, Conferences, Quality of service, Fabrics, Road safety, Sensors, Vehicle dynamics. Abstract: Connected and Automated Mobility (CAM) encompasses different driving (automated, awareness, sensing, tele-operated), multimodal and infotainment on the move services. These services have been defined with the objective to increase the road safety, improve the traffic efficiency, reduce the environmental impact of transportation and bring travel comfort to passengers and drivers. Relevant technological tasks, stemming from the highly dynamic vehicular environment, need to be solved in order to deliver seamless CAM services with the expected QoS. The cross-border scenario brings the additional challenge of supporting uninterrupted CAM services in a multi-domain environment, namely when the user leaves the serving mobile cellular network to join the newly visited one. We define a multi-domain architecture with an ETSI Zerotouch networking and service management compatible integration fabric to facilitate cross-domain service management and CAM service roaming. |
20,574 | Please write an abstract with title: Dynamic neural network-based estimator for fault diagnosis in reaction wheel actuator of satellite attitude control system, and key words: Neural networks, Fault diagnosis, Wheels, Actuators, Satellites, Backpropagation algorithms, Nonlinear dynamical systems, Fault detection, Adaptive systems, Parameter estimation. Abstract: This paper presents an approach to simultaneous fault detection and isolation in the reaction wheel actuator of the satellite attitude control system. A model-based adaptive nonlinear parameter estimation technique is used based on a highly accurate reaction wheel dynamical model while each parameter is an indication of a specific type of fault in the system. The estimation is based on the nonlinear finite-memory filtering strategy that is solved for optimal estimation functions. To make the optimization feasible for on-line application, the optimal estimation functions are approximated by MLP neural networks thus reducing the functional optimization problem to a nonlinear programming problem, namely, the optimization of the neural weights. The well-known standard back-propagation algorithm and backpropagation through-time algorithm were employed inside the neural adaptation algorithms to obtain the required gradients. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the methodology for the proposed application. |
20,575 | Please write an abstract with title: ANN Performance for the Prediction of High-Speed Digital Interconnects over Multiple PCBs, and key words: Scattering parameters, Backplanes, Predictive models, Crosstalk, Bit rate, Training, Stripline. Abstract: In this paper the performance and the accuracy of artificial neural networks for the prediction of high-speed digital interconnects up to 100 GHz on printed circuit boards are analyzed and evaluated. The prediction accuracy is evaluated both for scattering parameters in frequency domain as well as weighted power sums thereof. The interconnects considered all contain a backplane connected to a daughtercard, showing two via arrays each. Several parameter variations of the basic setup lead to a wide range of possible transmission and crosstalk parameters. Training data sets are obtained using physics-based via modeling up to 100 GHz. Approximately 7000 data sets were made available in total for this study. Neural networks are able to predict the overall link behavior. |
20,576 | Please write an abstract with title: YouTube and Education: A Scoping Review, and key words: Video on demand, Education, Videos, Production, Recording, Object recognition, Annotations, Social networking (online), Content management. Abstract: YouTube has evolved to a global platform for formal and informal education. In contrast to traditional sources of learning multimedia, YouTube is a social platform with numerous characteristics that make its real value for education not obvious. We neither know how reliable the learning content on YouTube is, what best-practice strategies for using this platform in education are nor how watching YouTube affects students’ performance and behavior. To shed light on these questions, we conducted a scoping review of the literature on YouTube and education. A total of 647 publications were included and analyzed thematically. Four research themes could be identified: (1) Content creation and assessment (2) User attitudes and acceptance (3) Usage strategies and behaviors (4) Impact on student learning. The findings of the respective studies were analyzed and compiled theme by theme. The main results of this review are: (1) There is an increasing concern about content quality on YouTube. (2) Despite versatile production and usage strategies, no relationships were established between such strategies and learning. (3) Most studies on the impact of YouTube on student learning reported positive results in terms of enhanced skills, competencies, interest, motivation, engagement levels, or test performance. We conclude that YouTube is a rich, free, easy-to-use, and enjoyable source of learning content. However, the challenges and risks associated with this platform suggest that it is best suitable for guided learning where teachers make or select the content and include it in a well-defined, pedagogy-driven learning context. |
20,577 | Please write an abstract with title: Discrimination-Aware Mechanism for Fine-grained Representation Learning, and key words: Training, Industries, Visualization, Computer vision, Dams, Feature extraction, Birds. Abstract: Recently, with the emergence of retrieval requirements for certain individual in the same superclass, e.g., birds, persons, cars, fine-grained recognition task has attracted a significant amount of attention from academia and industry. In fine-grained recognition scenario, the inter-class differences are quite diverse and subtle, which makes it challenging to extract all the discriminative cues. Traditional training mechanism optimizes the overall discriminativeness of the whole feature. It may stop early when some feature elements has been trained to distinguish training samples well, leaving other elements insufficiently trained for a feature. This would result in a less generalizable feature extractor that only captures major discriminative cues and ignores subtle ones. Therefore, there is a need for a training mechanism that enforces the discriminativeness of all the elements in the feature to capture more the subtle visual cues. In this paper, we propose a Discrimination-Aware Mechanism (DAM) that iteratively identifies insufficiently trained elements and improves them. DAM is able to increase the number of well learned elements, which captures more visual cues by the feature extractor. In this way, a more informative representation is learned, which brings better generalization performance. We show that DAM can be easily applied to both proxy-based and pair-based loss functions, and thus can be used in most existing fine-grained recognition paradigms. Comprehensive experiments on CUB200-2011, Cars196, Market-1501, and MSMT17 datasets demonstrate the advantages of our DAM based loss over the related state-of-the-art approaches. |
20,578 | Please write an abstract with title: 3D-modeling of rail pair magnetic field, and key words: Rails, Magnetic fields, Conductivity, Magnetic sensors, Wire, Frequency estimation, Conductors, Safety, Wheels, State estimation. Abstract: Some results of modeling of the magnetic fields induced by automatic locomotive signaling, taking into account the influence of the ground and the locomotive, are presented. The possibility of usage of corresponding signals for technical diagnostics of the rail state is considered. |
20,579 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of the Influential Factors of Students' Understanding of Professional Ethics, and key words: Ethics, Logistics, Data models, Civil engineering, Analytical models, Seminars, Tools. Abstract: The Research to Practice Full Paper focuses on the professional code of ethics which sets a standard for which each member of the profession can be expected to meet. It is a promise to act in a manner that protects the public's well-being. In the workplace, if we use shoddy materials or workmanship on the job, we can jeopardize the safety of others. Therefore, it is essential that all students shall fully understand the professional and ethical responsibility before they graduate for career development.Unfortunately, there is a consistent lack of data measuring students' capabilities to understand their professional ethics due to the unmeasurable nature of moral reasoning. To address this issue and equip faculty with more tools to enhance students' comprehension of ethical engineering practice, the present research proposes a quantitative approach to measuring ethical behavior and exploring its contributing factors based on a somewhat long duration (years 2013-2019) of senior exit survey data consisting of more than 1000 survey responses. The senior exit survey questionnaire is made up of a set of questions to gauge the students' self-rated capabilities of student outcomes (e.g., ethical responsibility, communication skills, life-long learning, etc.), collect background information (e.g., admission year, transfer or first-time freshman, etc.) and quantity the level of extracurricular participation (e.g., number of student clubs participated, the amount of engagement for part-time work, etc.).There is a broad range of statistical tools to deal with the multiple categorical responses (1- Poor; 2 - Fair; 3 - Average; 4- Good; 5 - Excellent) to the understanding of professional ethics as implemented in the survey, which includes nominal, ordinal, logit, and probit, and so on. Given the strengths and weaknesses associated with various modeling techniques, the study uses different combinations containing multinomial logit, ordinal logit, and ordinal probit. The multiple combinations are employed for two reasons: First, the comparison of these models is rarely conducted based on the educational data. Second, the common results identified from the different models would lead to reliable findings with more confidence. Distinct data preparation tasks such as data-centering, scaling, outlier identification, and covariate correlation analysis, were used prior to modeling development to ensure result accuracy. The findings illustrate various statically influential factors to enhance students' professional ethics and therefore shed more insight into faculty who aims at improving student outcomes especially from the fact of ethics and morals. |
20,580 | Please write an abstract with title: An Adaptive Fuzzy Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm and Its Applications, and key words: Optimization, Organisms, Symbiosis, Search problems, Genetic algorithms, Statistics, Sociology. Abstract: This paper discusses the development of a Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm (SOS) variant, called Adaptive Fuzzy SOS (FSOS). Like SOS, FSOS exploits three types of symbiosis operators namely mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism in order to undertake the search process. Unlike SOS, FSOS is able to adaptively select a single or any combination of mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism update operator(s) as the search progresses based on the current search status controlled by their individual probabilities via the fuzzy decision-making. To validate its performance, we have evaluated FSOS to solve 23 benchmark functions and take a t-way test generation as our case study. Experimental results demonstrate that FSOS exhibits competitive performance against its predecessor (SOS) and other competing metaheuristic algorithms. |
20,581 | Please write an abstract with title: Bayesian position estimation of an industrial robot using multiple sensors, and key words: Bayesian methods, Service robots, Robot sensing systems, Electrical equipment industry, Industrial control, Robot control, Manipulators, Trajectory, Sensor fusion, Accelerometers. Abstract: A modern industrial robot control system is often only based upon measurements from the motors of the manipulator. To perform good trajectory tracking on the arm side of the robot a very accurate description of the system must therefore be used. A sensor fusion technique is presented to achieve good estimates of the position of the robot using a very simple model. By using information from an accelerometer at the tool of the robot the effect of unmodelled dynamics can be measured. The estimate of the tool position can be improved to enhance accuracy. We formulate the computation of the position as a Bayesian estimation problem and propose two solutions. The first solution uses the extended Kalman filter (EKF) as a fast but linearized estimator. The second uses the particle filter, which can solve the Bayesian estimation problem without linearizations or any Gaussian noise assumptions. Since the aim is to use the positions estimates to improve position with an iterative learning control method, no computational constraints arise. The methods are applied to experimental data from an ABB IRB1400 commercial industrial robot and to data from a simulation of a realistic flexible robot model, showing a significant improvement in position accuracy. |
20,582 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Mine Power System Leakage Fusion Criterion by Improving Genetic Algorithm to Optimize BP Neural Network, and key words: Training, Grounding, Simulation, Neural networks, Power grids, Power system reliability, Steady-state. Abstract: The leakage mechanism of mine power grid is complex, and fault line selection is easy to make mistakes. At present, any line selection method has its defects and errors, it is difficult to accurately select the leakage line. This paper studies the problems of the current mine leakage protection system, and proposes the global optimization of improved genetic algorithm, combines it with BP neural network, and integrates four methods to select fault lines. In this way, the fault steady-state and transient signal can be used to select the line comprehensively, which can overcome the shortcomings of single criterion for the incomplete accuracy and reliability of the leakage line selection under the mine, and improve the reliability of the line selection. |
20,583 | Please write an abstract with title: Cell search in ultra wide band time hopping asynchronous networks, and key words: Intelligent networks, Ultra wideband technology, Signal to noise ratio, Pulse modulation, Additive noise, Wireless networks, Interference, Broadcasting, Spread spectrum communication, Search problems. Abstract: In this paper, we resolve the problem of downlink acquisition in impulse radio multiple access communication networks. Time hopping techniques are first reviewed, and the synchronization problem is introduced. A new downlink acquisition procedure in an asynchronous MAC domain is presented; the algorithm is described and the physical channels for temporal synchronization are introduced. Moreover, a choice of suitable time hopping codes for the synchronization channels is proposed and conclusions are given. |
20,584 | Please write an abstract with title: The capacity of asynchronous M-ary time hopping PPM UWB multiple access communication systems, and key words: Gaussian approximation, Bandwidth, Spread spectrum communication, Multiaccess communication, Signal processing, Performance analysis, Multiple access interference, Gaussian processes, Error analysis, Statistical analysis. Abstract: Scholtz in (Proc. Military Comms. Conf., vol.2, p.447-450, 1993) introduced an ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) time-hopping spread-spectrum code division multiple-access system employing a binary PPM signaling with performance analysis based on multiple-access interference represented by a Gaussian process. In this paper, the symbol error rate and the capacity of asynchronous M-ary PPM UWB are evaluated with a more precise statistical analysis of the multiuser interference which avoids the Gaussian approximation. It is shown that there is a significant error in using the Gaussian approximation as it over estimates the capacity of the M-ary PPM modulation. |
20,585 | Please write an abstract with title: Economic modeling and analysis of the evolution path in current and projected IP-backbone networks, and key words: Intelligent networks, Spine, Phase noise, Traffic control, Wavelength division multiplexing, Data communication, Internet, Telecommunication traffic, Optical fiber communication, WDM networks. Abstract: We report a network-evolution model that imitates the changes in IP backbone infrastructure. We discover the existence of "rapid CapEx increasing" periods, when the network operators have no choices but to perform major network upgrading. |
20,586 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on Star Point Cluster Location Method, and key words: Integrated optics, Patents, Optical interferometry, Gaussian noise, Ultraviolet sources, Fitting, Gray-scale. Abstract: Various location methods are proposed for the star point cluster images of the interferometric star sensor. They include global-centroid method, circle fitting method and star point average method. The global-centroid method takes the star point cluster as a whole for grayscale weighting calculation. The circle fitting method locates the center of the circle obtained by secondary star points circle fitting. The star point average method averages the coordinates of total sub-star points to realize location. Under the simulation conditions in this paper, in the noiseless star map, the location errors of all kinds of star point cluster location methods are lower than that of the single star point centroid method, and the global-centroid method is three orders of magnitude less than that of the single star point centroid method. In the star map with Gaussian noise, the location error of the star point average method is the smallest, and it is 34% less than that of the single star point centroid method. |
20,587 | Please write an abstract with title: A Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model for Virtual Machine Workload Forecasting in Cloud Data Center, and key words: Cloud computing, Power demand, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Predictive models, Data models, Virtual machining. Abstract: It is vital to precisely forecast the workload of Virtual Machines (VMs) to achieve efficient cloud resources management and reduce power consumption. In this research study, a deep learning-based hybrid strategy for VM workload prediction is proposed. To create an accurate prediction, the suggested prediction model integrated a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture and a long-short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. The CNN component is used to elicit complex distinctive attributes of the VM workload data, while the LSTM component models temporal information and predict the future VM workload. Experimental results on real-world dataset have shown that the proposed CNN-LSTM model is effective on VM workload prediction, and when compared to frequently used workload prediction models, the proposed approach enhances workload forecasting performance. |
20,588 | Please write an abstract with title: Optoelectronic properties of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide thin films, and key words: Tungsten, Transistors, Annealing, Solid state circuits, Optoelectronic and photonic sensors, Electrochromism, Optoelectronic devices, Optical films, Optical sensors, Conductivity. Abstract: Tungsten oxide (WO/sub 3/) is an important electronic material investigated for solid state sensors, electrochromic and optoelectronic devices. In this study, optoelectronic properties of nanocrystalline WO/sub 3/ thin films, prepared by vacuum evaporation followed by thermal annealing were investigated. The structural and optoelectronic properties were measured for systematically annealed samples in 100-600/spl deg/C range. It was found that the optical transmittance and electrical conductivity were varied in 10-80% range and 10/sup -3/- 10/sup -8/ (/spl Omega/.cm)/sup -1/ range, respectively, by change of annealing temperature. Study of surface and structural properties reveals that pronounced effect on properties can be made by annealing even at 100/spl deg/C. Results indicated that the properties Of WO/sub 3/ can be tuned by annealing process because of change of crystallinity from amorphous to nanomonocrystalline to polycrystalline structures. |
20,589 | Please write an abstract with title: Event-based Spatially-distributed Multi-hazard Risk Analysis, and key words: Hazards, Critical infrastructure, Sensitivity, Risk management, Context modeling, Taxonomy, Statistics. Abstract: This work presents an event-based spatially-distributed dynamic multi-hazard risk model for the objects of critical infrastructure. The multi-hazard risk model is based on the spatial model, as well as the dynamic models of the socioeconomic system, vulnerability, and spatially-distributed risks. The dynamics of risk for a certain critical infrastructure object is represented as a sequence of events plunged into a certain context, where each event can initiate scenarios describing the multi-hazard dynamics. |
20,590 | Please write an abstract with title: Construction of dynamic green supply chain based on agent, and key words: Supply chains, Supply chain management, Manufacturing processes, Environmentally friendly manufacturing techniques, Vehicle dynamics, Production planning, Industrial pollution, Legislation, Automotive engineering, Automobile manufacture. Abstract: The deterioration of the environment and the excess consumption of resources have put more and more pressure on the manufacturers. To reduce or eliminate environmental impacts of their products in the life cycle has become the motif of the enterprises' sustainable development. The green supply chain (GSC) is an effective way for realizing this target. In this paper, based on the discussion of the attributes of the GSC, the dynamic green supply chain is constructed with the mobile agent thought on the Internet platform to respond to the market dynamically and quickly and reduce the negative environmental impacts of the product in its life cycle. |
20,591 | Please write an abstract with title: Sensor intercalibration - adjustment of MODISNDVI- to NOAA-AVHRR-NDVI data, and key words: MODIS, Vegetation mapping, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Sea surface, Europe, Remote sensing, Geography, Radiometry, Image resolution, High-resolution imaging. Abstract: The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is the most often used vegetation index to study environmental change. Usually, NOAA-Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)-data are used to calculate the NDVI, because these data are available for more than 20 years. Today, data with an improved quality like the one of EOS-Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are suitable for a continuation of the long-term AVHRR-NDVI data sets. Due to different sensor characteristics of MODIS and NOAA-AVHRR, the NDVI values vary according to the type of sensor. Therefore, an adjustment of the MODIS-NDVI is necessary, in order to make the data comparable to the AVHRR-NDVI. This work discusses such a new adjustment approach. |
20,592 | Please write an abstract with title: Convergence prediction for iterative decoding of threefold concatenated systems, and key words: Convergence, Iterative decoding, Concatenated codes, AWGN, Parity check codes, Modulation coding, Signal to noise ratio, Additive white noise, Postal services, Optimal scheduling. Abstract: We show how to use EXIT charts for convergence prediction of a threefold serially concatenated system. The corresponding chart has three dimensions and allows us to appropriately select system parameters and to find an optimal schedule of decoding iterations between the three decoders of such a system. Convergence thresholds are obtained to determine the minimal signal-to-noise ratios for which convergence is possible. It turns out that threefold concatenated systems do not achieve any additional performance gain compared to suitably designed twofold systems. We conclude that a threefold concatenation should be considered only when the decoders cannot be chosen freely. |
20,593 | Please write an abstract with title: e-infrastructure: a roadmap for semantic Web-based project development for civil infrastructure systems, and key words: Cities and towns, Ontologies, Knowledge management, Business, Decision making, Road safety, Collaboration, Supply chains, Finance, Construction industry. Abstract: This paper presents a roadmap for establishing a semantic Web-based environment for coordinating infrastructure project development. The proposed roadmap uses semantic knowledge management and Web services concepts to integrate all aspects of infrastructure project development. The roadmap focuses on integrating business, safety and sustainability dimensions in addition to traditional engineering aspects. The roadmap also emphasizes a process-oriented approach to the development of e-infrastructure. |
20,594 | Please write an abstract with title: A Metaverse: Taxonomy, Components, Applications, and Open Challenges, and key words: Augmented reality, Avatars, Metaverse, Artificial intelligence, Solid modeling, Games, Virtual reality. Abstract: Unlike previous studies on the Metaverse based on Second Life, the current Metaverse is based on the social value of Generation Z that online and offline selves are not different. With the technological development of deep learning-based high-precision recognition models and natural generation models, Metaverse is being strengthened with various factors, from mobile-based always-on access to connectivity with reality using virtual currency. The integration of enhanced social activities and neural-net methods requires a new definition of Metaverse suitable for the present, different from the previous Metaverse. This paper divides the concepts and essential techniques necessary for realizing the Metaverse into three components (i.e., hardware, software, and contents) and three approaches (i.e., user interaction, implementation, and application) rather than marketing or hardware approach to conduct a comprehensive analysis. Furthermore, we describe essential methods based on three components and techniques to Metaverse’s representative Ready Player One, Roblox, and Facebook research in the domain of films, games, and studies. Finally, we summarize the limitations and directions for implementing the immersive Metaverse as social influences, constraints, and open challenges. |
20,595 | Please write an abstract with title: Image quality evaluation based on image weighted separating block peak signal to noise ratio, and key words: Image quality, PSNR, Pixel, Image reconstruction, Computer errors, Noise measurement, Image processing, Degradation, Geometry, Humans. Abstract: Traditional objective image quality evaluation measures, such as the MSE or the PSNR, only represent the total difference between the original images and reconstructed images. However in some case, such as there are few large error pixels and many small error pixels in an image, they have not a consistent a result with subjective measure. To cope with this drawback, we propose a new image quality evaluation measure that is called geometry weighted separating block peak signal to noise ratio (GWSB/spl I.bar/PSNR). It corresponds to human visual observations very well. The experimental result shows that this measure is valid, reliable, wieldy and extensible. |
20,596 | Please write an abstract with title: Two-Dimensional Thermal Diffusion Equation Solver Based on Unstructured Transmission-Line Modelling and Optimal Delaunay Triangular Meshes, and key words: Mathematical models, Transmission lines, Time-domain analysis, Time-varying systems, Thermal conductivity, Thermal stability, Space heating. Abstract: The transmission-line modelling (TLM) method has been widely applied to many areas including electromagnetic and heat conduction problems. Its unstructured version, unstructured TLM (UTLM), however, has not hitherto been fully exploited in thermal diffusion problems. This paper derives in detail a thermal UTLM scheme to solve the two-dimensional diffusion equation numerically based on the optimal Delaunay triangular (ODT) mesh. |
20,597 | Please write an abstract with title: Voltage unbalance monitoring in CEB systems, and key words: Voltage, Monitoring, Power quality, Information analysis, Databases, Qualifications, Legislation, Power system analysis computing, Measurement standards, Goniometers. Abstract: Although the subject power quality has been treated by specialists of the area, it's incipient the number of investigation works referring to voltage unbalance. In this interim, the purpose of this work is to analyze, quantify and qualify the voltage unbalance, so that the results obtained here should be useful not only minimize harmful effects on the power system, as well as making a database containing valuable information about amplitudes and the behavior of the voltage unbalance. Initially, the 4 existing methods are described for the calculation of the voltage imbalance (K factor). From numeric results and from the profile of the K factor, a comparison of the methods is made. The behavior of K is analyzed when the modules and angles of the voltage phasors are variated. After that, the quantification and qualification of the K factor are made, according to the main norms (standards) word wise known for several measured places. Of the foregoing analyses, it can be concluded that the period of measurement of 1-week day is enough for the study of the K factor. Additionally, the method of CIGRE is recommended when voltage angles can't be measured. |
20,598 | Please write an abstract with title: Potentials of Machine Learning in Vacuum Electronic Devices Demonstrated by the Design of a Magnetron Injection Gun, and key words: Optimization, Machine learning, Machine learning algorithms, Training, Biological neural networks, Regression tree analysis, Electron guns. Abstract: Great progress has been made on machine learning and its applications are expanding rapidly nowadays. Through the case study of optimizing a magnetron injection gun for gyrotron devices, the functions of machine learning were investigated by using two supervised learning algorithms, regression trees and artificial neural networks. They showed excellent performance in predicting the outputs, exploring the importance of the input parameters and the relationship with the output parameters. Machine learning can be a useful tool in the development of microwave vacuum electron devices. |
20,599 | Please write an abstract with title: Numerical analysis on magnetic field of HTS transformer with different geometry, and key words: Numerical analysis, Magnetic fields, High temperature superconductors, Geometry, Power transformer insulation, Circuit faults, Transformer cores, Coils, Magnetic analysis, Finite element methods. Abstract: In a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) transformer leakage magnetic field, especially its radial component, decreases the critical current and increases the ac losses in the tapes. Because of zero resistance of HTS tapes a slight unbalance among the branch inductances of the windings may result in heavy circulating current, however, an accurate calculation of it must depend on the magnetic field analysis. Thus, a numerical analysis of the leakage magnetic field is especially necessary for an HTS transformer design. In this paper the leakage magnetic field of several transformer geometries is studied by finite element method, and based on it, the circulating current distribution is calculated. Some suggestions for improving the leakage field and circulating current distribution are presented to make HTS transformers more efficient. |
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