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7,400 | Please write an abstract with title: An Unmixing-Based Network for Underwater Target Detection From Hyperspectral Imagery, and key words: Object detection, Hyperspectral imaging, Detectors, Computational modeling, Interference, Earth, Decoding. Abstract: Detecting underwater targets from hyperspectral imagery makes a profound impact on marine exploration. Available methods mainly tackle this problem by modifying the land-based detection algorithms with classical bathymetric models, which usually fail to remove the interference of background and ignore the effect of depth information, leading to a poor detection performance. To achieve a more precise result, in this work we propose a novel network based on hyperspectral unmixing (HU) methodology and bathymetric models to detect the desired underwater targets. The proposed network, called underwater target detection network (UTD-Net), first develops a novel joint anomaly detector with classical HU methods to separate out target-water mixed pixels, which is devoted to eliminate the adverse influence of background. Then, we explore a bathymetric model-based autoencoder to unmix the target-water mixed pixels for acquiring the target-associated abundance values and maps. One dimension convolutional neural network is exploited to construct the encoder part of above autoencoder for the sake of addressing spectral variability problem. Moreover, considering the physical meaningless endmembers issue, a particular spectral constraint is imposed on the objective function as a training guidance. In this way, the autoencoder would be capable of generating specific endmembers and their corresponding abundance maps. Finally, according to the physical essence of abundance maps, we figure out the detection result by fusing the outcomes of autoencoder with weight coefficients determined by abundance values. Qualitative and quantitative illustrations demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of UTD-Net in comparison with the state-of-the-art underwater target detection methods. |
7,401 | Please write an abstract with title: Trends in the U.S. communications equipment market: a Wall Street perspective, and key words: Communication equipment, Coaxial cables, Communication industry, Cable TV, Investments, Marketing and sales, Telecommunications, Optical fiber cables, Optical fiber devices, Employment. Abstract: After years of decline, we exit 2005 predicting that U.S. telco capital expenditures (capex) spending could approach double-digit year-over-year growth in 2005 with spending into 2006 focused on broadband access, wireless, and (later) carrier-grade Ethernet initiatives. This article provides a Wall Street analyst's perspective on select trends in the communications equipment market, with a view toward what the future might hold for the telecommunications industry. |
7,402 | Please write an abstract with title: Gender differences in cybersickness: Clarifying confusion and identifying paths forward, and key words: Human-centered computing—Human computer interaction (HCI)—Interaction paradigms—Virtual reality. Abstract: Cybersickness is a barrier to widespread adoption of virtual reality (VR). We summarize the literature and conclude that women experience more cybersickness than do men, but that the size of the gender effect is modest. We present a mediation and moderation framework for organizing existing research and proposing new questions about gender and cybersickness. A mediator causally connects gender and cybersickness, and a moderator changes the magnitude of the gender difference in cybersickness. |
7,403 | Please write an abstract with title: Navigation with auditory cues in a virtual environment, and key words: Navigation, Virtual environment, Testing, Proteins, Turning, Sampling methods. Abstract: The authors use 3D sound to help navigate an immersive virtual environment and report results of user tests obtained with a game-like application. The results show that auditory cues help in navigation, and auditory navigation is possible even without any visual feedback. The best performance is obtained in audiovisual navigation where auditory cues indicate the approximate direction and visual cues help in the final approach. |
7,404 | Please write an abstract with title: Long-term imaging and spatio-temporal control of living cells using light, and key words: Visualization, Image resolution, Protocols, Optical switches, Imaging, Lighting, Wounds. Abstract: The ability to optically interact with cells on both an individual and collective level has applications from wound healing to cancer treatment. Building systems which can facilitate both localised light illumination and visualisation of cells can however, be challenging and costly. This work takes the DOME, an existing platform for the closed-loop optical control of microscale agents, and adapts the design to support live-cell imaging. Through modifications made to the imaging and projection systems within the DOME, a significantly higher imaging resolution is achieved as well as the ability to customise the light projection wavelengths. Changes to the fundamental design allow for long-term use in an environment of higher temperature and humidity, facilitating the long-term imaging of live cells. |
7,405 | Please write an abstract with title: e-voting kiosk: A Network Architecture School-based Registration and Voting System, and key words: Databases, System performance, Network architecture, Software, Real-time systems, Electronic voting, Intelligent systems. Abstract: The e-voting kiosk: A Network Architecture School-Based Registration and Voting System features an election management system that provides a secure, clean, and honest Supreme Student Government election for Eastern Visayas State University-Main Campus. The study is driven to design and develop a voting system that is equipped with a network-based software architecture that provides computing resources to multiple voting kiosks where voters can register and cast their votes securely. The study employs a quantitative descriptive research design to present the respondents' perception of the current manual election system compared to the e-voting system. A waterfall model was employed in the sequential process of developing the e-voting system. Researchers utilized specialized software applications such as C# and MySQL in creating a secured database for the robust development of the system. The findings of the study present a unique e-voting system powered by an election management system that features an intelligent system algorithm. The e-voting kiosk features interactive ballots that allow voters to easily cast their votes securely. The system provides secured access to voters' identity and process real-time generation of election results. The observed system performance resulted to a significant rating of 4.04 interpreted as “Very Efficient” and its software characteristics was rated 95% for its contribution in the election proceedings. Finally, the electoral board unanimously approved the implementation and use of e-voting system which provides fast, effective, efficient, and reliable election management system. |
7,406 | Please write an abstract with title: Adaptive Based Leaky LMS Control Technique of Grid Connected SPV System, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Total harmonic distortion, Harmonic analysis, Power harmonic filters, Standards, Convergence, Voltage-source converters. Abstract: This paper presents the leaky LMS (LLMS) control for a double stage grid integrated SPV (solar photovoltaic) system. The SPV system comprises the boost converter, voltage source converter (VSC), a ripple filter, and nonlinear loads. The LLMS control has two objectives as follows (1) estimation of fundamental load current components and (2) evaluation of synchronizing signals, which is coupled at POI (point of interconnection). Moreover, this LLMS control algorithm eliminates the load side current harmonics, which improves the power quality. The control algorithm shows many advantages like as (1) it gives a quick response and convergence rate is very fast, (2) harmonics elimination as the capability to cancel the noise, and (3) simple in implementation. The boost converter is connected with the solar PV array and DC capacitor of VSC. Moreover, the boost converter extracts the peak power from the SPV array. The P&O (perturb & observed) based MPPT controller tracks the maximum power from photovoltaic array. Moreover, this solar P&O algorithm has good potential for rapidly solar variation perturbation. The SPV system with LLMS based control algorithm is simulated in MATLAB under PV variation irradiance and unbalanced load conditions. The total harmonics distortion (THDs) of the grid current is achieved as per in IEEE 519 standard. |
7,407 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of two-winding voltage step-up/current step-up constant-frequency DC-to-DC converters, and key words: Voltage, DC-DC power converters, Pulse width modulation converters, Magnetic cores, Magnetic circuits, Power transistors, Pulse transformers, Algorithm design and analysis, Pulse modulation, Circuit analysis. Abstract: This paper presents procedures for designing the transformer for a two-winding energy-storage dc-to-dc power converter in which the power transistor is pulsewidth modulated by means of a constant-frequency type of controller. The presence of the second winding provides an additional degree of freedom in the design procedures beyond those for single-winding converters and leads to a number of design options for achieving specific performance characteristics. Ten options are provided: four relate to conditions that may be imposed on the duty cycle, four to maximum stress on the semiconductors, and two to the transformer turns. The design algorithm has been implemented in a computer program to automate the design procedures and to provide an evaluation of the converter circuit for each of the transformer designs. |
7,408 | Please write an abstract with title: Credit Card Fraud Detection Based on Machine and Deep Learning, and key words: Deep learning, Measurement, Logic gates, Credit cards, Turning, Safety, Regression tree analysis. Abstract: With the rapid evolution of the technology, the world is turning to use credit cards instead of cash in their daily life, which opens the door to many new ways for fraudulent people to use these cards in a bad way. According to the Nilson report, global card losses are expected to exceed $35 billion by 2020. To ensure the safety of users for these credit cards, the credit card’s provider should provide a service to protect users from any risk they may face. Consequently, we present our approach to predict legitimate or fraud transactions on the IEEE-CIS Fraud Detection dataset provided by Kaggel. Our model is BiLSTM- MaxPooling-BiGRU-MaxPooling which based on bidirectional Long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and bidirectional Gated recurrent unit (BiGRU). We also applied six machine learning classifiers which are: Naïve base, Voting, Ada boosting, Random Forest, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression. Comparing the results from machine learning classifiers and our model the results show that our model achieved better as we got 91.37% score. |
7,409 | Please write an abstract with title: Variable Power Reaching Law-Sliding Mode Controllers for Partial Linearized SMIB Power Systems, and key words: Transient response, Uncertainty, Simulation, Power system stability, Stability analysis, Reduced order systems, Synchronous generators. Abstract: For synchronous generators (SGs), a variable power reaching law-sliding mode controller (VPRL-SMC) is proposed in this study to improve the performance of transient stability in a small power system. The theory of feedback linearizing controller (FBLC) and SMC are integrated in this work to construct the proposed excitation controller. Using the partial FBLC, the nonlinear model is first transformed into a linearized reduced-order model. The VPRL-SMC is then used to obtain the control input for the excitation system. As a result, the suggested excitation controller will be able to improve transient stability more quickly while also avoiding the need to measure the rotor angle because the speed deviation will be employed as an output. To ensure the system's overall stability, the control Lyapunov function theory is used. Finally, the MATLAB platform is used to put the proposed controller's theoretical notion into practice. The simulation result is compared to the existing controller to demonstrate the suggested controller's superiority. |
7,410 | Please write an abstract with title: In Vivo Pulsatility Measurement of Cerebral Microcirculation in Rodents Using Dynamic Ultrasound Localization Microscopy, and key words: Ultrasonic imaging, Ultrasonic variables measurement, Arteries, Velocity measurement, Rats, Mice, Imaging. Abstract: An increased pulse pressure, due to arteries stiffening with age and cardiovascular disease, may lead to downstream brain damage in microvessels and cognitive decline. Brain-wide imaging of the pulsatility propagation from main feeding arteries to capillaries in small animals could improve our understanding of the link between pulsatility and cognitive decline. However, it requires higher spatiotemporal resolution and penetration depth than currently available with existing brain imaging techniques. Herein, we show the feasibility of performing Dynamic Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (DULM), a novel imaging approach to capture hemodynamics with a subwavelength resolution. By producing cine-loops of flowing microbubbles in 2D in the whole rodent brain lasting several cardiac cycles, DULM performed pulsatility measurements in microvessels in-depth, in vivo, with and without craniotomy. Cortical veins and arteries were shown to have a significatively different pulsatility index and the method was compared against Contrast Enhanced Ultrafast Ultrasound Doppler (CEUFD) pulsatility measurements. |
7,411 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis and Improvement of Synchronous Frequency Resonance Caused by Imbalance DC Components, and key words: Resistance, Analytical models, Renewable energy sources, Resonant frequency, Transfer functions, Synchronous generators, Stability analysis. Abstract: Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control strategy of distributed power generation system (DPGS) is an attractive interfacing solution for high-penetration renewable generation systems. However, in the case of short micro network feeder conditions, DPGS exhibits synchronous frequency resonance (SFR) phenomenon in the face of imbalanced DC components in power gird. This paper uses small signal analysis method to deduce the SFR mechanism in detail, which has not been well-explored in the prior research. Then discusses the effect of line impedance on its dynamic stability and proposes to add the use of virtual resistance in the control link to reduce the resonance peak, so as to solve the SFR problem. Finally, simulation and experiment results verify the correctness of the mechanism and the effectiveness of the suppression method. |
7,412 | Please write an abstract with title: Reducing Carbon Footprint for Sustainable development of Smart Cities using IoT, and key words: Buildings, Thermal sensors, Carbon, Sustainable development, Statistics, Carbon footprint, Thermostats. Abstract: As the population increases, the need for resources increases too which ultimately degrades the quality of atmosphere that is needed for the survival of human beings. As a result, the carbon footprint increases continuously. This literature explains a novel method for reducing carbon footprint using IoT enabled green technology. The test here uses sensors, thermostat, and arduino along with a web portal to detect the output as a part of the IoT method. In this study, it is found that carbon footprint is reduced by more than 22% for an IoT enabled building when compared to a normal building. The results are solely based on electrical and LPG consumption for a specific time period. The mathematical modelling and practical observations are included to validate the result. |
7,413 | Please write an abstract with title: Miniature Super-Directive and Super-Gain Parasitic Antenna Array Based on Far-Field Pattern Synthesis, and key words: Europe, Directive antennas, Antenna feeds, Antenna arrays, Antenna radiation patterns. Abstract: In this paper, a generalized far-field pattern synthesis technique is presented. This technique is used to design an electrically small directive parasitic antenna array with end-fire radiation characteristic, having an electrical size ka=0.9 and driven with a single feeding port. The CST-MWS simulated super-directivity condition shows 10.1 dBi directivity for a three-element parasitic array with a 28.6% radiation efficiency, resulting in a 4.7 dBi gain. For gain and radiation efficiency enhancement, the way to achieve a super-gain condition is demonstrated, with CST-MWS simulated gain showing 6.6 dBi and 99.7% radiation efficiency for a three-element parasitic array. |
7,414 | Please write an abstract with title: Universal Key to Authentication Authority with Human-Computable OTP Generator, and key words: Protocols, Multi-factor authentication, Biometrics (access control), Passwords, Tutorials, Safety, Security. Abstract: The subject of this paper is an enhanced alternative to the Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) methods. The improvement lies in the elimination of any supplementary gadgets/devices or theft-sensitive biometric data, by substituting it with direct human-computer authentication optionally supplemented by cognitive biometric. This approach remains secure also in untrusted systems or environments. It allows only one secret as a universal private key for all obtainable online accounts. However, the features of this new solution pretend it to be used by the Authentication Authority with the Single-Sign-On (SSO) method of identity and access management, rather than for individual services. This secret key is used by our innovative challenge-response protocol for human-generated One-Time Passwords (OTP) based on a hard lattice problem with noise introduced by our new method which we call Learning with Options (LWO). This secret has the form of an outline like a kind of handwritten autograph, designed in invisible ink. The password generation process requires following such an invisible contour, similar to a manual autograph, and it can also be done offline on paper documents with an acceptable level of security and usability meeting the requirements for post-quantum symmetric cyphers and commercial implementation also in the field of IoT. |
7,415 | Please write an abstract with title: Regional Lung Perfusion Analysis in Experimental ARDS by Electrical Impedance and Computed Tomography, and key words: Lung, Impedance, Ventilation, Computed tomography, Animals. Abstract: Electrical impedance tomography is clinically used to trace ventilation related changes in electrical conductivity of lung tissue. Estimating regional pulmonary perfusion using electrical impedance tomography is still a matter of research. To support clinical decision making, reliable bedside information of pulmonary perfusion is needed. We introduce a method to robustly detect pulmonary perfusion based on indicator-enhanced electrical impedance tomography and validate it by dynamic multidetector computed tomography in two experimental models of acute respiratory distress syndrome. The acute injury was induced in a sublobar segment of the right lung by saline lavage or endotoxin instillation in eight anesthetized mechanically ventilated pigs. For electrical impedance tomography measurements, a conductive bolus (10% saline solution) was injected into the right ventricle during breath hold. Electrical impedance tomography perfusion images were reconstructed by linear and normalized Gauss-Newton reconstruction on a finite element mesh with subsequent element-wise signal and feature analysis. An iodinated contrast agent was used to compute pulmonary blood flow via dynamic multidetector computed tomography. Spatial perfusion was estimated based on first-pass indicator dilution for both electrical impedance and multidetector computed tomography and compared by Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis. Strong correlation was found in dorsoventral (r = 0.92) and in right-to-left directions (r = 0.85) with good limits of agreement of 8.74% in eight lung segments. With a robust electrical impedance tomography perfusion estimation method, we found strong agreement between multidetector computed and electrical impedance tomography perfusion in healthy and regionally injured lungs and demonstrated feasibility of electrical impedance tomography perfusion imaging. |
7,416 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal Power Flow of the Manokwari Power Grid Regarding Penetration of 20 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant, and key words: OPF, PSO, CCPP, PLN P2B, Power grid. Abstract: Optimal power flow (OPF) is used to calculate the optimal power in to a power grid under some constraints. As a heuristic optimization method, particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been used to obtain optimal solution of penetration of 20 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant (CCPP) of PT. SDIC into 36 bus of Manokwari power grid owned by PT. PLN P2B. Results of simulation show that power loss is about 6.9749 MW by occupying the CCPP power plant at maximum of 20 MW while the minimum cost is reached in generation of 4.6298 MW of the CCPP generator when the other generators of micro-hydro and diesel power plants are work at maximum operation. |
7,417 | Please write an abstract with title: Reliability assessment of power systems by Bayesian networks, and key words: Power system reliability, Bayesian methods, Power system analysis computing, Uncertainty, Information analysis, Inference algorithms, Computer networks, Network topology, Power system faults, Fault trees. Abstract: This paper presents an application method of Bayesian networks (BN) to the reliability assessment of power systems. Bayesian networks provide a flexible framework to represent probabilistic information and to make inference on it. Uncertainty and dependency of the components' information in a system are easily incorporated in the analysis. The flexibility of the probabilistic inference algorithms in Bayesian networks permit to compute both the system's reliability indices and the mutual affection on reliability indices of all components. However, a BN cannot be constructed easily based on the topology of the relating power system. The paper gives a new method to construct a Bayesian network based on the assessed system's fault tree or its minimal path set. The method is efficient and can compute components failure probabilities on the condition of the system failure. Its advantages are demonstrated through two examples. |
7,418 | Please write an abstract with title: EosDNN: An Efficient Offloading Scheme for DNN Inference Acceleration in Local-Edge-Cloud Collaborative Environments, and key words: Servers, Computational modeling, Delays, Collaboration, Partitioning algorithms, Mobile handsets, Genetic algorithms. Abstract: With the popularity of mobile devices, intelligent applications, e.g., face recognition, intelligent voice assistant, and gesture recognition, have been widely used in our daily lives. However, due to the lack of computing capacities, it is difficult for mobile devices to support complex Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference. To alleviate the pressure on these devices, traditional methods usually upload part of the DNN model to a cloud server and perform a DNN query after uploading an entire DNN model. To achieve real-time DNN query, we consider the collaboration between local, edge and cloud, and perform DNN query when uploading DNN partitions. In this paper, we propose an Efficient offloading scheme for DNN Inference Acceleration (EosDNN) in a local-edge-cloud collaborative environment, where the DNN inference acceleration is mainly embodied in the optimization of migration delay and realization of real-time DNN query. EosDNN comprehensively considers the migration plan and uploading plan, where for the former, a Particle Swarm Optimization with Genetic Algorithm (PSO-GA) is applied to obtain the distribution of DNN layers under the server with the lowest migration delay, and for the latter, a Layer Merge Uploading Algorithm (LMU) is proposed to obtain DNN partitions and their upload order with efficient DNN query performance. Experimental results demonstrate that EosDNN can be applied to large-scale DNN model migration, which can achieve an ideal migration delay and obtain a more fine-grained DNN partition uploading plan, thereby optimizing DNN query performance. |
7,419 | Please write an abstract with title: Human-Aware Robot Navigation Based on Learned Cost Values from User Studies, and key words: Solid modeling, Navigation, Human factors, Virtual reality, Predictive models, Cost function, Social factors. Abstract: In this paper, we present a new approach to human-aware robot navigation, which extends our previous proximity-based navigation framework [1] by introducing visibility and predictability as new parameters. We derived these parameters from a user study and incorporated them into a cost function, which models the user’s discomfort with respect to a relative robot position based on proximity, visibility, predictability, and work efficiency. We use this cost function in combination with an A* planner to create a user-preferred robot navigation policy. In comparison to our previous framework, our new cost function results in a 6% increase in social distance compliance, a 6.3% decrease in visibility of the robot as preferred, and an average decrease of orientation changes of 12.6° per meter resulting in better predictability, while maintaining a comparable average path length. We further performed a virtual reality experiment to evaluate the user comfort based on direct human feedback, finding that the participants on average felt comfortable to very comfortable with the resulting robot trajectories from our approach. |
7,420 | Please write an abstract with title: Throughput Analysis of RIS-Aided Wireless System over Fisher-Snedecor Composite channel, and key words: Fading channels, Monte Carlo methods, Wireless networks, System performance, IEEE Sections, Conferences, Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. Abstract: With the demanding need for next-generation wireless networks and the emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in wireless communications, data rate performance over these systems is being researched for different fading channels. This study looked into the throughput analysis of the Fisher-Snedecor (FS) composite fading channel for RIS-assisted wireless systems. Moment generating function (MGF)-based approach is used to derive the expressions of the system throughput for the aforementioned system. The system performance in terms of the channel parameters and the number of reflecting elements is thoroughly examined and discussed. The accuracy of the inferred theoretical expressions is confirmed by the results of the Monte-Carlo simulation. The results presented in this study can be used in the development of communication systems for real-time applications in next-generation wireless networks. |
7,421 | Please write an abstract with title: A Case Study for Implementing a Laboratory Information Management System for HLA Typing, and key words: Process control, DNA, Immune system, Information management, Blood, Laboratories. Abstract: HLA typing testing has a crucial role in identifying compatibility between organ donors and recipients. These evaluations need to be performed by specialized laboratories that, in general, have modern equipment but do not have an effective management system that controls the entire process. The HLA typing process is complex and extensive, involving diverse teams and sectors of the laboratory, with an intense exchange of information. Data processing is extremely important and requires strict control to ensure the traceability and reliability of results. This paper presents a case study of the development of an information system for managing an HLA typing laboratory. Moreover, A detailed study of the information flow of the HLA typing process is presented, as well as an implementation of a customizable control system for laboratory processes management. It is expected that from the use of this software in the HLA-UERJ laboratory, it can be disseminated in other public laboratories in the state of Rio de Janeiro. |
7,422 | Please write an abstract with title: Design Optimization and Comparison of Direct-Drive Outer-Rotor SRMs Based on Fast Current Profile Estimation and Transient FEA, and key words: Rotors, Stators, Inductance, Reluctance motors, Torque, Design optimization. Abstract: Outer-rotor switched reluctance machines (SRMs) have drawn much attention as promising candidates for in-wheel direct-drive motors of future electric vehicles. This article presents a systematic performance comparison of three outer-rotor SRM topologies for in-wheel traction applications in terms of the specific torque, electromagnetic efficiency, torque ripple, radial force, and mechanical aspects. A generalized design optimization framework for SRMs is proposed to enable the fast evaluation of large numbers of designs generated from the differential evolution by incorporating an analytical current profile estimation into the transient finite element analysis. The relationship between the saliency ratio and converter volt-ampere rating is also discussed. The calculations are then benchmarked with the experimental results from an existing prototype. The effectiveness of the performance prediction method and the proposed optimization approach is validated. |
7,423 | Please write an abstract with title: Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Verification of a Cold Load Pickup Scenario for a Bottom-up Black Start of an Inverter-dominated Microgrid, and key words: Circuit breakers, Current measurement, Loading, Surge protection, Microgrids, Inverters, Smart meters. Abstract: Black start capability is one of the challenges in the future grid, to be dominated by distributed power electronic converter systems. A bottom-up multi-master black start scenario based on droop-controlled grid-forming inverters was earlier introduced as a response to this challenge. With reduced reliance on the availability of smart loads, this paper adapts this scenario so that a minimum change in the current configuration of the low voltage residential load sector is required. Moreover, with a focus on the cold load pick-up response, the power-sharing among two grid-forming inverters in the presence of high inrush currents is investigated using Power Hardware-in-the-Loop tests and detailed load models. The results confirm the formation of a laboratory-scale islanded Microgrid through grid-forming inverters where smart meters coordinate an autonomous dynamic partial loading only based on local measurements. |
7,424 | Please write an abstract with title: Temperature and wavelength tuning of optical parametric generation in a quasiperiodically optical superlattice, and key words: Optical superlattices, Temperature, Optical tuning, Nonlinear optics, Optical pumping, Optical harmonic generation, Frequency conversion, Character generation, Signal generators, Laboratories. Abstract: Temperature and wavelength tuning of optical parametric generation in a quasiperiodically optical superlattice were studied in theory and experiment. We also observed and characterized tunable blue generation by up-conversion process in the same crystal. |
7,425 | Please write an abstract with title: The role of innovation intermediaries in orchestrating innovation networks, and key words: Network Orchestration, Innovation Intermediary, Innovation Network, Startup. Abstract: Startups engage in innovation networks to acquire complementary assets outside their boundaries to innovate. Orchestration roles associated with such networks have attracted increasing attention. Innovation intermediaries are essential connecting links to foster innovation by providing companies the ability to access external resources. In this paper we propose a research framework with five orchestration functions of intermediation, drawing upon network orchestration and innovation intermediation literature. Our results show interdependencies between orchestration functions and their degree of relevance across stages of startup development. We highlight the value of neutrality and independence on a third-party orchestrator in the context of entrepreneurial innovation networks. |
7,426 | Please write an abstract with title: Tumor Detection in Brain MRI using Residual Convolutional Neural Networks, and key words: Image segmentation, Magnetic resonance imaging, Object segmentation, Convolutional neural networks, Biological neural networks, Tumors, Residual neural networks. Abstract: Brain tumor is one of the complications that has a high mortality rate. Early detection of tumors can help treat this type of cancer. Among tumor detection methods, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a common method. But there is always an attempt to detect the tumor automatically in medical images. Therefore, in this paper, a method for automatic detection of tumor in MRI images with the help of residual neural networks is introduced. By testing the proposed neural network on the BRATS data set, the results show well the efficiency of the proposed method. |
7,427 | Please write an abstract with title: DeepEutaxy: Diversity in Weight Search Direction for Fixing Deep Learning Model Training Through Batch Prioritization, and key words: Training, Computational modeling, Mathematical model, Solid modeling, Data models, Neurons, Convergence. Abstract: Developing a deep learning (DL) based software system is slow. One of the critical issues is to conduct many trials and errors in developing a DL model that usually serves as the major component of such a system. A major reason for this inefficiency is the progress of gradual reduction of the gap between the DL model under training and the ground truths. Prior techniques commonly focus on optimizing such errors after the errors have formed. They are insensitive to how a training dataset is provided to the DL model under training in batches, making their approaches nonproactive to deal with such errors. In this article, we propose DeepEutaxy, the first work to repair the model convergence problem from the batch prioritization perspective. Our key insight is that increasing the diversity (i.e., dissimilarity) of the corresponding weights of complex DL models before and after each training step can make the models learn faster and optimize the training errors quicker. DeepEutaxy first trains a DL model with several epochs for initialization. It then partitions and continually prioritizes the training batches for subsequent training epochs based on our novel notion of diversity between the pair of models before and after training on each batch, capturing the strength of the search direction to deal with training errors impacted by that batch. The experiment on six DL models over the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets shows that DeepEutaxy can accelerate the convergence of DL models on these two datasets with speedups of 1.75-8.45 and 2.67-15.15 times with respect to the training and test accuracies, respectively. DeepEutaxy can also be integrated into the existing techniques and compare favorably with the prior art in the experiment. |
7,428 | Please write an abstract with title: Autonomous Transportation Systems and Services Enabled by the Next-Generation Network, and key words: Fault diagnosis, Technological innovation, Autonomous vehicles, Transportation, Prototypes, Cyber-physical systems, Collaborative work, Next generation networking, Interoperability, Big Data, Artificial intelligence. Abstract: The vast development of the next-generation network (NGN) impels its integration with emerging technologies, such as big data, artificial intelligence, and federated learning, to deliver autonomous and intelligent services in various areas. Notably, in modern transportation systems (TSs), the advances of NGN enable a transformation toward an autonomous transportation system (ATS), which can bridge the demand and supply through a self-actuating cycle (sensing, learning, rearranging, and reacting). Since NGN-enabled ATS is still in its infancy, a concrete vision is missing to forge a common research ground. To fill the gap, this article is intended to elucidate NGN-enabled ATS by first discussing its intrinsic difference against the conventional TSs (CTSs) and then depicting its service blueprint in fostering more intelligent and autonomous mobility services. After that, a full-scale ATS service design reference is proposed to ensure the generality, adaptivity, compatibility, interoperability, and scal-ability of services in and across its development stages, representing the levels of autonomy from partial to high to full automation. Furthermore, its superiority is discussed through a preliminary evaluation of personal mobility service based on centralized and federated learning. Finally, open questions and future research directions of this emerging topic are also discussed. |
7,429 | Please write an abstract with title: Justin Elze, and key words: Computer security, Computer hacking, Engineering profession, Companies, Industries, Passwords, Certification. Abstract: This chapter discusses the personal and professional life of the team lead at TrustedSec “Justin Elze.” It states that Justin Justin was a senior penetration tester for AccuvantLabs, Dell SecureWorks, and Redspin‐where he led numerous red team engagements and penetration tests. Justin has worked in various industries, including at internet service providers, hosting, DoD contracting, and services consulting companies. It also presents his views on cybersecurity spending. |
7,430 | Please write an abstract with title: Stability analysis of input-buffered packet switches with maximal size matching, and key words: Stability analysis, Packet switching, Switches, Throughput, Lyapunov method, Queueing analysis, Traffic control, Algorithm design and analysis, Asynchronous transfer mode, Costs. Abstract: We analyze the stability of input-buffered packet switches with virtual output queue (VOQ), maximal size matching (MSM) algorithm and speedup. We first introduce a queueing system for the stability analysis. Using supplementary variables to represent the packet switching mode and remaining packet service time, we describe the behavior of the queueing system. Then, we propose a Lyapunov function to prove speedup of 2 is sufficient to achieve 100 % throughput in input-buffered packet switches with MSM algorithm. |
7,431 | Please write an abstract with title: Vision-Based System for 3D Tower Crane Monitoring, and key words: Cranes, Sensors, Poles and towers, Cameras, Mathematical model, Genetic algorithms, Displacement measurement. Abstract: Cranes play an important role in the industry sectors worldwide, such as construction, transport, shipping and cargo industry. For the safety of loading and unloading materials there are definitely ongoing improvements in the crane industry. However, there still remains issues related to the crane operation and control measures given by the pendulum swing while the crane is moving. To solve this problem a vision-based movement control of a 3 degrees of freedom (3 DOF) crane system, using both an analytical and experimental models based on displacements and adaptive optimization algorithms was proposed. The framework consists of three steps, more precise recognition, detection and tracking a set of targets within the image to compute the payload displacement. A prepossessing process was applied in order to enhance the image improving both the color information and the edge extraction task. Then, a set of targets within the image were detected to estimate the displacement. Then to solve the problem given by the displacement, a tracking task was implemented using a second order filter. This paper introduces a new strategy to determine the relationship between the movement of the spin in the jib and position of the markers within the image. Regression analysis was carried out to take into account the motion of the cart and the payload. In Results Section is shown a set of real-time experiment, obtaining euclidean errors of 1.41 pixel, 2 pixels and 3.16 pixels for Cart, Jib and Hoist, respectively. |
7,432 | Please write an abstract with title: NVIDIA A100 GPU: Performance & Innovation for GPU Computing, and key words: Technological innovation, Graphics processing units. Abstract: This article consists only of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation. |
7,433 | Please write an abstract with title: Purchased Power Dispatching Potential Evaluation of Steel Plant With Joint Multienergy System and Production Process Optimization, and key words: Production, Steel, Job shop scheduling, Dispatching, Boilers, Optimization, Furnaces. Abstract: Iron and steel industry is the pillar industry of China, providing a solid foundation for China's industrialization. While steel plants are energy intensive mainly consuming coal and electricity, and their power consumption tends to be higher proportional in the near future, due to global confidence of peak and neutrality carbon dioxide emission, electrical substitution, and ongoing energy use right transaction. Thus, these plants will have larger potential to participate in the friendly interaction between power supply and demand. The adjustable potential of purchased power load exists in two aspects: one is the controllable resources of inner energy supply and use system, and the other is the energy schedule regulation accompanied by production process adjustment, which is rarely considered in current energy management research of steel plants. Based on the flexibility analysis of production process control without affecting productivity, the adjustment model of steel-rolling lines, air separation and electric arc furnaces on iron-making line is formulated here, as well as the corresponding energy consumed in these processes. Combined with the optimization of multienergy coupling system and production processes, a joint evaluation model of maximum dispatching potential and duration is proposed and solved by mixed-integer linear programming solver. Simulation result shows the feasibility of the proposed dispatching potential evaluation method and the effectiveness to take the production process adjustment with energy-systemscheduling. |
7,434 | Please write an abstract with title: Enhancing the Electrical Properties of XLPE Insulation by Blending Aromatic Voltage Stabilizer, and key words: Space charge, Conductivity, Voltage measurement, Electric breakdown, Cable insulation, Polyethylene, Dielectric loss measurement. Abstract: The voltage stabilizers are considered as promising additives to improve the overall properties of polymeric cable insulations. In this study, 0.5, 1, and 3 wt% of 3-aminobenzoic acid voltage stabilizer are added to cross-linked polyethylene insulation. The insulation properties such as DC breakdown strength, space charge, surface potential decay, dielectric loss, and dielectric constant are measured. The results illustrate that the 1 wt% voltage stabilizer addition yields the maximum DC breakdown strength. Furthermore, it exhibits the negligible space charge accumulation and the least electrical field distortion within the insulation bulk. The dielectric measurements show that the XLPE with 1 wt% voltage stabilizer exhibits the least dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Moreover, rapid surface potential decay is observed in 1 wt% amongst all the samples. |
7,435 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning Spatially Varying Pixel Exposures for Motion Deblurring, and key words: Photography, Image sensors, Computer vision, Costs, Prototypes, Image capture, High frequency. Abstract: Computationally removing the motion blur introduced by camera shake or object motion in a captured image remains a challenging task in computational photography. Deblurring methods are often limited by the fixed global exposure time of the image capture process. The post-processing algorithm either must deblur a longer exposure that contains relatively little noise or denoise a short exposure that intentionally removes the opportunity for blur at the cost of increased noise. We present a novel approach of leveraging spatially varying pixel exposures for motion deblurring using next-generation focal-plane sensor-processors along with an end-to-end design of these exposures and a machine learning-based motion-deblurring framework. We demonstrate in simulation and a physical prototype that learned spatially varying pixel exposures (L-SVPE) can successfully deblur scenes while recovering high frequency detail. Our work illustrates the promising role that focal-plane sensor-processors can play in the future of computational imaging. |
7,436 | Please write an abstract with title: Digital passive geometric telemanipulation, and key words: Communication channels, Communication system control, Control systems, Scattering, Packaging, Internet, Delay effects, Master-slave, Power system interconnection, Transmission line theory. Abstract: In this paper we present an intrinsically passive telemanipulation scheme over a digital transmission line Internet-like. We present an analysis of the energetic behavior of the communication line both in case of loss of packages and in case of variable delay. The sample data nature of the passive controller is explicitly taken into account following the approach outlined. |
7,437 | Please write an abstract with title: Learning Latent Dynamics from Multi-View Observations for Image-Based Control, and key words: System dynamics, Image color analysis, Aerospace electronics, Control systems, Data models, Planning, Complexity theory. Abstract: In this paper, we tackle the problem of efficient data-driven control of a system, of which the observations are given by raw images. By learning latent representations of image observations and their dynamics model, the image-based control problems can be handled by planning a sequence of controls in the learned latent space. However, these methods have a disadvantage that large amounts of transition data should be collected individually whenever the details of the observation models change (e.g. view-point, color of robots or backgrounds), even if the intrinsic system dynamics is the same. To tackle this issue, we present a method to leverage the data collected from different observation models to enhance the sample efficiency for learning the latent representation of the target domain. To this end, our method utilizes individual encoders for each observation model, and the encoders are trained with a cyclic loss function we propose, to learn the shared latent representation of the observations. The proposed method is demonstrated in a table-top manipulation task using Robosuite simulator [1], and shown to be able to reduce the sample complexity for learning the dynamics model with the data collected from a new view-point. |
7,438 | Please write an abstract with title: Face Recognition of Children Using AI Classification Approaches, and key words: Deep learning, Pediatrics, Face recognition, Medical services, Feature extraction, Security, Principal component analysis. Abstract: According to the Census of India, children below 6 years of age have 13.12 % of the total population [21]. Security and healthcare of children is an important aspect of all countries. However, the span from newborn to toddler, recognition of them is still challenging using biometrics [1]. Recognition of children based on biometric can be used to minimize problems related to their security and health care. We require a well suited biometric based system for recognition of children. As per our knowledge, the accuracy of children identification in multiple sessions is not yet studied. Jain et. al studied Infants identification, achieved the accuracy of 38.44 % below 4 weeks and 73.98 % for above 4 weeks. In this paper we are presenting various face recognition techniques accuracy using different classification techniques for children. For this study the database of 90 subjects for the same session and 50 subjects of cross session is collected. Span between the data acquisition sessions is 2 months to 1 year. Detailed study of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) feature extraction using different machine learning classifiers on children database of the same session and cross session is carried out. Also, the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) optimized model with data augmentation is used to compare the machine learning and Deep learning classifier on our database. Same session accuracy of 98 % is achieved with LDA feature extraction and 5 -fold cross validation with LDA classifier. Cross session accuracy of 94 % is achieved with LDA feature extraction and Logistic regression classifier with 5- fold cross validation. |
7,439 | Please write an abstract with title: Linking Formative and Summative Performance in an online L2 module: Insights from Learning Analytics, and key words: COVID-19, Correlation, Pandemics, Education, Data mining. Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic created a unique teaching and learning situation for South African universities with a sudden migration to the online platform. This exploratory study reports on Basic IsiZulu, a compulsory second-language module at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The focus is on student summative performance. Extracting data from the Moodle Activity logs the study investigates the impact of four variables, academic discipline, age, gender and year of study on formative engagement and summative performance. Findings from the learning analytics data indicate that higher formative assessment scores have a small but highly significant impact on the module's final summative assessment scores. Correlation tests indicate a weak relationship between academic discipline, age and year of study with engagement in formative activity, and the gender variable indicates that male students display lower levels of engagement with formative activities. |
7,440 | Please write an abstract with title: Quantum Radar with Genuine Tripartite Entanglement, and key words: radar, chernoff bound, tripartite entanglement. Abstract: Quantum radar is a remote sensing technique for target detection that has extensively been explored in conjunction with entangled two-mode squeezed vacuum states. This work extends the existing protocol to a scheme that utilizes a three-mode squeezed state with genuine tripartite entanglement. The three entangled modes are divided into two signal modes and one idler mode. A numerical evaluation of the Chernoff bound shows that the proposed protocol has the potential to offer a higher quantum advantage in specific parameter regimes. |
7,441 | Please write an abstract with title: Stimulated Brillouin scattering in Raman-pumped fibers: a theoretical approach, and key words: Brillouin scattering, Stimulated emission, Optical scattering, Optical fibers, Raman scattering, Acoustic scattering, Light scattering, Particle scattering, Acoustic waves, Erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Abstract: We develop a theoretical approach to describe stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in Raman-pumped optical fibers. We derive the condition for the SBS threshold as a function of fiber parameters and the input power of forward and/or backward pump. A particular emphasis is given to the effect of the fiber length and unequal absorption coefficients for pump and signal wavelengths on the SBS threshold. Simple, yet accurate, analytical expressions for the SBS threshold in pumped fibers are also obtained. We show that in pumped fibers, the SBS threshold power is inversely proportional to the path-average integral of Raman gain. Validity ranges of derived formulas are considered in detail. The theoretical predictions are verified experimentally. The calculated values of the SBS threshold powers are in a good agreement with the measured threshold power in Raman-pumped dispersion-compensated fibers. |
7,442 | Please write an abstract with title: Prototype-based Interpretable Graph Neural Networks, and key words: Prototypes, Adaptation models, Predictive models, Artificial intelligence, Graph neural networks, Computer architecture, Cognition. Abstract: Graph neural networks have proved to be a key tool for dealing with many problems and domains such as chemistry, natural language processing and social networks. While the structure of the layers is simple, it is difficult to identify the patterns learned by the graph neural network. Several works propose post-hoc methods to explain graph predictions, but few of them try to generate interpretable models. Conversely, the topic of the interpretable models is highly investigated in image recognition. Given the similarity between image and graph domains, we analyze the adaptability of prototype-based neural networks for graph and node classification. In particular, we investigate the use of two interpretable networks, ProtoPNet and TesNet, in the graph domain. We show that the adapted networks manage to reach better or higher accuracy scores than their respective black-box models and comparable performances with state-of-the-art self-explainable models. Showing how to extract ProtoPNet and TesNet explanations on graph neural networks, we further study how to obtain global and local explanations for the trained models. We then evaluate the explanations of the interpretable models by comparing them with post-hoc approaches and self-explainable models. Our findings show that the application of TesNet and ProtoPNet to the graph domain produces qualitative predictions while improving their reliability and transparency. |
7,443 | Please write an abstract with title: Text Summarization using TF-IDF and Textrank algorithm, and key words: Patents, Electronic learning, Blogs, Manuals, Media, Market research, Task analysis. Abstract: In this digital era, a tremendous amount of information gets generated every day. The generated information is used for multiple purposes such as scientific/medical research, news generation, blogs, etc. Reading and gathering the important information and summarizing it manually can become a tedious task which is also prone to manual errors. Therefore, more time is required to read that information, and also unwanted information gets mixed up with important information. It is difficult for a person to manually summarize a large document. Also, there is an issue with finding necessary documents and absorbing relevant information from them. In this proposed system, we are implementing a combination of TFIDF and Textrank algorithm with some NLP methods which will efficiently summarize the given data and will perform better than the other systems. |
7,444 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and experimental research of video detection system for ship fire, and key words: Fires, Marine vehicles, Machine learning, Conferences, Object detection, Real-time systems. Abstract: In order to make up for the shortcomings of traditional fire detectors and improve the reliability of fire alarm, based on the Raspberry Pi hardware conditions and the Keras deep learning framework, this paper uses the lightweight direct regression detection algorithm YOLO v3tiny to implement a small local video identification system for ship fire. Based on video test and fire simulation, the RpiFire system has achieved high accuracy in high recall rate and can meet the needs of ship fire detection. |
7,445 | Please write an abstract with title: Enhanced high resistivity SOI wafers for RF applications, and key words: Conductivity, Radio frequency, Coplanar waveguides, Annealing, Aluminum, Grain boundaries, Interface states, Laboratories, Crosstalk, CMOS process. Abstract: In this work, we investigate the impact of distinctly processed trap-rich layers of polysilicon inserted between BOX and HR Si substrate on the effective resistivity, substrate losses and crosstalk level in HR SOI wafers. The wafers were fabricated starting from p-type high resistivity bulk wafers with resistivity higher than 3 k/spl Omega/.cm. The wafers were first covered with a LPCVD layer of undoped polysilicon at 2 distinct temperatures (T/sub poly/=585 /spl deg/C, 625 /spl deg/C) and with varying thickness. This layer was afterwards passivated with a charge rich 3 /spl mu/m thick PECVD oxide of the reference wafer. The oxide layer was densified by RTA at 800 /spl deg/C during 20 s. |
7,446 | Please write an abstract with title: Graph-based Representation of Audio signals for Sound Event Classification, and key words: Social networking (online), Computational modeling, Semantics, Neural networks, Lattices, Feature extraction, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: In recent years there has been a considerable rise in interest towards Graph Representation and Learning techniques, especially in such cases where data has intrinsically a graph-like structure: social networks, molecular lattices, or semantic interactions, just to name a few. In this paper, we propose a novel way to represent an audio signal from its spectrogram by deriving a graph-based representation which can be then employed by already established Graph Deep-Neural-Networks techniques. We evaluate this approach on a Sound Event Classification task by employing the widely used ESC and Urbansound8k datasets and compare it with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based method. We show that such proposed graph-based approach is extremely compact and used in conjunction learned CNN features, allows for a significant increase in classification accuracy over the baseline with more than 50 times less parameters than the original CNN method. This suggests that, the proposed graph-based features can offer additional discriminative information on top of learned CNN features. |
7,447 | Please write an abstract with title: Non-lithographic and scalable fabrication of one-turn-like inductor having laminated NiFe core for power converters operating at high frequency, and key words: Micromechanical devices, Inductance, Magnetic cores, Wires, Power systems, High frequency, Copper. Abstract: We fabricated one-turn-like wire inductor via electrodepositing magnetic core materials, NiFe, on the surface of cylindrical copper wires. The current was applied to flow through a copper wire which generated circumferential magnetic flux around the wire. Control of core thickness and wire lengths showed tunability of inductance values. Compared to an air-core wire inductor (no magnetic core on a wire), 50 μm thick NiFe electroplated wire inductor had 144 times higher inductance values. We also achieved sequential electroplating of NiFe and interlamination layer, polypyrrole, on wire surfaces. Laminated cores showed higher retention of inductance compared to a single layer NiFe core, demonstrating wire inductor’s applicability in high frequency applications. Our one-turn-like wire inductors provide an effective strategy to fabricate micro-inductors in a simple and scalable manner to be integrated for Power system-in-package. |
7,448 | Please write an abstract with title: Modelling low and middle pressure gas discharge for lighting applications, and key words: High intensity discharge lamps, Argon, Xenon, Fluorescent lamps, Electrons, Temperature, Thermodynamics, Gases, Ionization, Databases. Abstract: Summary form only given. The incandescent lamp takes a very large place in lighting applications; but nowadays, the use of electrical discharge lamps is growing up very rapidly. Apart from lighting, these lamps may found a lot of applications in several areas like water sterilization processes. The most used and well known electrical discharge lamp is made of mercury argon mixture and is commonly called a fluorescent lamp. But due to environmental considerations we try to find some others systems with a view to replace mercury in the mixture. One of them may be to use a single or mixtures of rare gas(es) (already done in neon signs or in xenon lamps). Our work is aimed to be a contribution to a better knowledge of this alternative. We work under low and middle pressure (about few Torr to hundred Torr) and the electron temperature is about 10/sup 4/ K. In such conditions the system is far from local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions so to describe the discharge, we need a collisional radiative model. The model is based on the SCCR code developed previously in our team (Zissis, 1990). The new settings allow us to study especially discharges composed with a single gas or a binary mixture of gas. In this mixture, we have tried to minimize simplifications concerning the buffer gas. We have also gathered some basic data which enable us to reproduce the discharge as well as we can and as realistically as possible. We choose to use rare gases and mixtures that appear to be interesting from our point of view. It means neon, argon, xenon, argon-neon and neon-xenon. The gas mixture is chosen in order to agree with Penning ionization conditions. We also try to take into account as many excited levels as permitted by our established database. In this communication, we present physical, electrical and radiative properties of such discharges. |
7,449 | Please write an abstract with title: FPGA-based adaptive optical system for atmospheric applications, and key words: Laser noise, Terrestrial atmosphere, Optical distortion, Adaptive optics, Laser beams, Laser applications, Atmospheric waves. Abstract: Many atmospheric applications based on the laser beam passed through the Earth's atmosphere are exposed the distortion of the laser beam wavefront, which ultimately leads to a decrease in their efficiency. Such tasks include the transmission of powerful laser radiation over a distance (recharging batteries of drones and low-orbit satellites, delivering energy to hard-to-reach places, destroying fragments of space debris in low orbits), creating protected optical communication lines, increasing the resolution of telescopes, etc. One of the methods to improve the efficiency of such systems is the use of adaptive optics methods and tools that allow the wavefront correction in real time. The features of constructing such a system using FPGA as the main control element are considered. |
7,450 | Please write an abstract with title: A dielectrophoretic filter for separation and collection of fine particles suspended in liquid, and key words: Dielectrophoresis, Filters, Dielectrics, Electrodes, Fungi, Electrokinetics, Polarization, Nonuniform electric fields, Electrostatic levitation, Biological cells. Abstract: Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is the electrokinetic motion of dielectrically polarized particles in nonuniform electric fields. DEP has found many useful technological applications including separation, levitation and characterization of dielectric particles such as biological cells. In this study, the authors propose a new type of liquid filter, which utilizes dielectrophoretic force (DEP force) to capture fine particles suspended in liquid. The DEP filter consists of an electrode system that is filled up with many dielectric particles. These particles modify the electric field distribution in the electrode system so that strong DEP force is generated on their surfaces. If the DEP force is stronger than drag force exerted by liquid flow in the filter, the suspended particles can be trapped and eliminated from the flowing liquid. The DEP filter can control trapping and releasing process just by changing electrode energizing AC signal and the resultant DEP force. It was experimentally confirmed that the DEP filter could continuously eliminate yeast cells suspended in water. The cell density decreased from 10/sup 6/ cells/mL to 10/sup 1/ cells/mL in about an hour. The electrical conductivity of the medium was a crucial parameter that influenced the liquid temperature by Joule heating and DEP force. Furthermore, the selective separation of viable and nonviable yeast cells was demonstrated by utilizing viability dependency of the DEP force. |
7,451 | Please write an abstract with title: Secure Distributed Linearly Separable Computation, and key words: Data centers, Servers, Security, Task analysis, Information theory. Abstract: Distributed linearly separable computation, where a user asks some distributed servers to compute a linearly separable function, was recently formulated by the same authors and aims to alleviate the bottlenecks of stragglers and communication cost in distributed computation. For this purpose, the data center assigns a subset of input datasets to each server, and each server computes some coded packets on the assigned datasets, which are then sent to the user. The user should recover the task function from the answers of a subset of servers, such that the effect of stragglers could be tolerated. In this paper, we formulate a novel secure framework for this distributed linearly separable computation, where we aim to let the user only retrieve the desired function without obtaining any other information about the input datasets, even if it receives the answers of all servers. In order to preserve the security of the input datasets, some common randomness variable independent of the datasets should be introduced into the transmission. We show that any non-secure linear-coding based computing scheme for the original distributed linearly separable computation problem, can be made secure without increasing the communication cost (number of symbols the user should receive). Then we focus on the case where the computation cost of each server (number of datasets assigned to each server) is minimum and aim to minimize the size of the randomness variable (i.e., randomness size) introduced in the system while achieving the optimal communication cost. Novel information theoretic converse bound on the randomness size and some achievable schemes are proposed, where they coincide in some cases. |
7,452 | Please write an abstract with title: UDP-based Extremely Low Latency Streaming, and key words: Protocols, Packet loss, Surgery, Bandwidth, Streaming media, Forward error correction, Real-time systems. Abstract: Recently, with the rapid development of network and mobile device technologies, the number of services based on video streaming increased drastically. Most streaming applications such as YouTube, Netflix, and Twitch utilize large size buffers (over 1 s) to absorb sudden network dynamics. Before the buffer is depleted, lost packets are retransmitted, thus allowing users to enjoy watching video without recognizing network changes. However, some applications such as remote surgery and game streaming require extremely low end-to-end latency of less than 30 ms. We propose a streaming method suitable for such special streaming applications that need to transfer video with a very short latency. For this purpose, timeliness is paramount and we use UDP rather than TCP. To recover packet losses in a timely manner, we mainly utilize Forward Error Correction (FEC) rather than retransmissions that require time longer than round trip time. The proposed scheme consistently monitors real-time network conditions to decide the appropriate data rate and FEC parameters. Through extensive evaluations, we show that the proposed scheme efficiently achieves both timeliness and high robustness to packet losses. |
7,453 | Please write an abstract with title: Frequency Comb OFDM Radar System With High Range Resolution and Low Sampling Rate, and key words: OFDM, Radar, Signal resolution, Bandwidth, Baseband, Frequency conversion, Indexes. Abstract: Common orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based radar waveforms normally require high sampling rates if a good range resolution shall be achieved. In contrast, this article proposes a scheme that keeps the necessary sampling rates at the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) constant while simultaneously increasing the instantaneous signal bandwidth in the radar channel. In addition, not only a high range resolution but also a high unambiguous velocity can be achieved with the waveform. The scheme is based on the upconversion and downconversion of a thinned out OFDM signal with two different frequency combs at the Tx and Rx. In the downconversion process, the orthogonal subcarriers of the several subbands in the RF channel are interleaved in a way that they can be sampled by an analog-to-digital converter with a lower sampling rate than the overall signal bandwidth. The theoretical model of the waveform and the necessary signal processing steps are explained in detail and the proof of concept measurements are provided, which verifies the practical functionality of the proposed scheme. |
7,454 | Please write an abstract with title: When Power-of-d-Choices Meets Priority, and key words: Job shop scheduling, Sensitivity, Protocols, Simulation, Quality of service, Pricing, Approximation algorithms. Abstract: Power-of-d-choices (Pod) is a popular load balancing strategy, which has received much attention from both academia and industry. However, much prior work on Pod has focused on uniform tasks without priorities. In reality, tasks may have different priorities according to their service sensitivity, pricing, or importance to guarantee the quality of service (QoS). In this work, we distinguish two types of priorities in Pod: scheduling and service priorities. We propose Pod-SSP, which is a Pod algorithm with Scheduling and Service Priorities. To better understand the impact of priorities on the performance of tasks, we consider two simple variants of Pod-SSP: Pod with SCheduling Priorities (Pod-SCP) and Pod with SErvice Priorities (Pod-SEP). Utilizing mean-field approximation, we systematically study the performance of these protocols in the large-system regime. Our theoretical and simulation results show that high-priority tasks can have a more than 3x better delay relative to a system running the original Pod algorithm, and meanwhile, low-priority tasks only slightly sacrifice their delay. |
7,455 | Please write an abstract with title: Fault detection of rotating machinery based on wavelet transform and improved deep neural network, and key words: Wavelet transforms, Support vector machines, Fault detection, Wind power generation, Wavelet analysis, Wind turbines, Reliability. Abstract: In the operation of wind turbine, gearbox faults are very common. It is very important to detect the fault effectively to ensure the safe and reliable operation of wind turbine. In this study, the wavelet analysis method is combined with an improved convolutional neural network and support vector machine (CNN-SVM), and the proposed method is applied to the fault detection and classification of the gearbox in the wind power generation equipment in the laboratory. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves super classification result. |
7,456 | Please write an abstract with title: Challenges in VR-based robot teleoperation, and key words: Robots, Telerobotics, Humans, Control systems, Virtual reality, Force control, Laboratories, Space technology, Mars, Space missions. Abstract: Teleoperation techniques unite the human operator as the supervisor and the machine as the manipulator. Because both the human operator and machine are involved in the control loop and they are connected via the network instead of a direct link, the development of a telerobotic system poses challenges different from systems involving machines alone. And these challenges become more severe when the telerobotic system is used for compliance task, in which simultaneous control of both position and force are demanded and inevitable contact with the environment is encountered. In this paper, we discuss the challenges we may face in designing a telerobotic system. We then describe the networked VR-based telerobotic system developed in our laboratory and report the results by using the developed telerobotic system to execute several different kinds of compliance tasks. |
7,457 | Please write an abstract with title: Query-Adaptive Feature Fusion Base on Convolutional Neural Networks for Remote Sensing Image Retrieval, and key words: Fuses, Image retrieval, Predictive models, Convolutional neural networks, Intelligent systems, Remote sensing. Abstract: Content-based Remote sensing image retrieval (CBRSIR) becomes important research with the volume of remote sensing images rapidly expanding. Many image features have been proposed for CBRSIR, hence it has become a big challenge to effectively fuse these features for alleviating the huge variation in retrieval performance among different image queries when a single image feature is used. We proposed a query-adaptive feature fusion method based on a convolutional neural networks (CNN) regression model. We use the CNN regression model to estimate the DCG value for each feature and assign different features with different weights for each query according to these DCG values. Meanwhile, we use the image-to-query-class distance to further improve retrieval performance. Experiments on UCMD show that the proposed method can improve the CBRSIR performance. |
7,458 | Please write an abstract with title: Recurrent Neural Network Based Joint Equalization and Decoding Method for Trellis Coded Modulated Optical Communication System, and key words: Optical fiber communication, Viterbi algorithm, Symbols, Equalizers, Complexity theory, Modulation, Recurrent neural networks. Abstract: In this paper, a joint equalization and decoding method based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is proposed for trellis coded modulation (TCM) systems. For traditional methods based on concatenated equalizers and Viterbi decoder, the information may be lost between the equalization and decoding. However, our proposed joint method can obtain the information bits directly from the received symbols and the error also can be corrected in iterations. In two-dimensional eight-level pulse amplitude modulation (2D-PAM8) links, we experimentally demonstrate that, compared with the traditional method based on Volterra filter and Viterbi decoder, the proposed joint method based on RNNs with similar complexity can achieve bit-error rate (BER) performance improvements of 1 dB, 1 dB, and 2 dB in 87.5 Gb/s, 100 Gb/s, and 112.5 Gb/s transmissions at 7% hard-decision forward-error-correction (HD-FEC) limit, respectively. For the 10 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) link at 87.5 Gb/s, the traditional method cannot get the BER below the 7% HD-FEC limit whereas the joint RNNs method with similar complexity can get the BER below the 7% HD-FEC limit. As the nonlinearity increases, the proposed joint method can achieve greater improvement of BER performance. |
7,459 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Smart Lightweight Visual Attention Model for Fine-Grained Vehicle Recognition, and key words: Feature extraction, Detectors, Vehicle detection, Object detection, Data mining, Task analysis, Standards. Abstract: Vehicle Make and Model Recognition (VMMR) requires fast and accurate recognition of a vehicle’s information. Generally, the vision-based VMMR method recognizes different vehicle models that mainly rely on locating and extracting the discriminative part features of a vehicle. In this paper, we propose a Lightweight Recurrent Attention Unit (LRAU) to enhance the feature extraction ability of the standard Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures for VMMR. The proposed LRAU extracts the discriminative part features by generating attention masks to locate the keypoints of a vehicle (e.g., logo, headlight). The attention mask is generated based on the feature maps received by the LRAU and the preceding attention state generated by the preceding LRAU. By adding LRAUs to receive the multi-scale feature maps generated by the standard CNN architecture, discriminative features of different scales can be efficiently extracted and combined. We conduct comprehensive experiments on three challenging VMMR datasets to evaluate the proposed VMMR models. Experimental results show our models have a stable performance under different environmental conditions. Our models achieve state-of-the-art results with 93.94% accuracy on the Stanford Cars dataset, 98.31% accuracy on the CompCars dataset, and 99.41% accuracy on the NTOU-MMR dataset. Moreover, we demonstrate that our models outperform the traditional machine learning-based VMMR models in terms of recognition accuracy and processing speed. In addition, we construct a one-stage Vehicle Detection and Fine-grained Recognition (VDFR) model by combining our LRAU with the general object detection model. Results show the proposed VDFR model can achieve excellent performance with real-time processing speed. |
7,460 | Please write an abstract with title: Quantum Deep Learning For Phoniatrics Biomarker Based Disease Detection Deep Learning Model For Disease Detection By Phoniatrics Biomarkers Using Quantum Computation, and key words: Deep learning, Training, Quantum algorithm, Computational modeling, Biological system modeling, Neural networks, Quantum mechanics. Abstract: It is known that humans phoniatrics changes while suffering from diseases and phoniatrics based analysis is on the rise with more data flowing in and used in artificial intelligence. Phoniatrics biomarkers are being discovered and implemented for the detection of diseases with the help of machine learning which is still a huge challenge. This is a tough challenge due to the computation power required and the implementation of neural nets. While there are some conventional neural nets are being used for phoniatrics analysis, still it takes a lot of computation time. In the era of quantum computation, it will be easy to implement the deep Boltzmann machine neural net on a quantum computer model. This helps in providing a solution for detection of disease using the various phoniatrics biomarkers to access a quantum based deep learning model to provide insights for the detection of disease. |
7,461 | Please write an abstract with title: A general framework for SPICE-TLM interconnection, and key words: SPICE, Integrated circuit interconnections, Voltage, Microwave circuits, Scattering, Coupling circuits, Switches, Computational electromagnetics, Laboratories, Microwave devices. Abstract: A general SPICE-TLM interconnection framework will be presented. The connection algorithm is based on the representation of the TLM network by equivalent Thevenin and/or Norton sources, The framework opens new and far-reaching possibilities for hybrid global microwave and high-speed digital circuit modeling in time domain because it integrates the extensive circuit and device models of SPICE into general three-dimensional field solutions in real time. |
7,462 | Please write an abstract with title: ICDVAE: An Effective Self-supervised Reinforcement Learning Method for behavior decisions of Non-player Characters in Metaverse Games, and key words: Metaverse, Heuristic algorithms, Conferences, Games, Reinforcement learning, Feature extraction, Behavioral sciences. Abstract: Reinforcement Learning (RL) is widely recognized as a powerful approach to constructing intelligent NPCs. Unlike general games, metaverse games tend to build up the larger, more complex, and more diverse virtual scenes with scores of various NPCs. In this case, it is challenging and hig-cost to design the reward functions for large-scale RL-based NPCs. To solve this challenge, we propose an effective distribution-aware curiosity mechanism termed Intrinsic Curiosity-Driven Variational Auto-Encoder (ICDVAE). It constructs the state distribution to rep-resent novelty by integrating the Intrinsic Curiosity Mechanism (ICM) and Generative Model (GM). In addition, we develop two effective techniques termed Inverse Dynamic Mechanism (IDM) and Variational Encoder Bottleneck (VEB) to extract the ego-motion feature and prevent overfitting. The empirical results show that our algorithm is more effective and robust than baselines on Atari games. |
7,463 | Please write an abstract with title: Error analysis in static harmonic State estimation: a statistical approach, and key words: Error analysis, State estimation, Power harmonic filters, Noise measurement, Measurement errors, Probability density function, Monte Carlo methods, Density measurement, System testing, Statistical analysis. Abstract: The effectiveness of harmonic state estimation (HSE) in identifying the location and magnitude of harmonic sources is largely dependent on the accuracy of the measurements. Measurement errors (or bad data) can be classified into two groups; measurement noise and gross error. This paper uses a statistical approach (cumulative probability density functions) obtained from five thousand Monte Carlos runs to investigate the impact of measurement noise and gross errors in harmonic state estimation. The Lower South Island of the New Zealand system is used as the test system and the results are probability curves containing the statistics of the estimation error. The effect of additional measurements on an over-determined system to filter noise is also discussed. |
7,464 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimized Cluster Head Placement for Minimize Energy Consumption in Transmit-Only Wireless Sensor Networks, and key words: Wireless sensor networks, Energy consumption, Power demand, Simulation, Signal processing algorithms, Minimization, Energy efficiency. Abstract: We study the optimal placement of the single cluster head (CH) to minimize power consumption in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where nodes are representing transmit-only (TO) devices. This paper presents an approach to extending the lifetime of the whole network by exploiting the variable packet length, which is treated as a random variable. Detailed comparisons are made between the variable packet length approach and the fixed packet length approach in terms of the lifetime of the TO sensor nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed approach achieves over 30% improvement as compared to the fixed packet length approach. However, the proposed approach shows comparable results as compared to the fixed packet length approach when all TO nodes send the same packet length. |
7,465 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimization of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Through Trace Maximization, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Technological innovation, Transmitters, Conferences, Wireless networks, Receivers, Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. Abstract: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have received significant attention recently as an innovation for enhanced connectivity, capacity, and energy efficiency in future wireless networks. Recent works indicate that such RIS-augmented communications can significantly enhance performance by intelligently shaping the characteristics of the multipath propagation environment to focus the energy in a desired direction and to circumvent impediments such as blockage, especially for communication at millimeter-wave (mmW), Terahertz (THz) and higher frequencies. In this paper, we investigate optimized (amplitude and phase) RIS design in a point-to-point multipath MIMO link and study the impact on link capacity under the assumption of perfect channel state information at the transmitter (TX), receiver (RX) and RIS. Specifically, we propose RIS design based on the maximization of the trace of the composite TX-RIS-RX link matrix which is a measure of the average power at the RX. We propose two RIS designs: a diagonal RIS matrix, and a general RIS matrix representing a more advanced architecture. The optimum design, in both cases, corresponds to calculating the dominant eigenvector of certain Hermitian matrices induced by the component channel matrices. We illustrate the capacity performance of the optimized RIS designs and compare them to a baseline design (random amplitudes and phases) and a recently proposed low-complexity phase-only design. We present results for sparse and rich multipath, and also consider the impact of line-of-sight paths. Our results show that while all designs offer comparable capacity at high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), the proposed optimum designs offer substantial gains at lower SNRs. |
7,466 | Please write an abstract with title: Gait-based Human Identification through Minimum Gait-phases and Sensors, and key words: Support vector machines, Medical services, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Sensors, Pelvis, Object recognition, Task analysis. Abstract: The incredible pace at which the world’s elderly population is growing will put severe burdens on current healthcare systems and resources. To alleviate this concern the health care systems must rely on the transformation of eldercare and old homes to use Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). Human identification is one of the most common and critical tasks for condition monitoring, human-machine interaction, and providing assistive services in such environments. Recently, human gait has gained new attention as a biometric for identification to achieve contactless identification from a distance robust to physical appearances. However, an important aspect of gait identification through wearables and image-based systems alike is accurate identification when limited information is available for example, when only a fraction of the whole gait cycle or only a part of the subject’s body is visible. In this paper, we present a gait identification technique based on temporal and descriptive statistic parameters of different gait phases as the features and we investigate the performance of using only single gait phases for the identification task using a minimum number of sensors. Gait data were collected from 60 individuals through pelvis and foot sensors. Six different machine learning algorithms were used for identification. It was shown that it is possible to achieve high accuracy of over 95.5% by monitoring a single phase of the whole gait cycle through only a single sensor. It was also shown that the proposed methodology could be used to achieve 100% identification accuracy when the whole gait cycle was monitored through pelvis and foot sensors combined. The ANN was found to be more robust to less number of data features compared to SVM and was concluded as the best machine algorithm for the purpose. |
7,467 | Please write an abstract with title: Perceptual scale space and its applications, and key words: Laplace equations, Image resolution, Dictionaries, Application software, Computer science, Statistics, Bayesian methods, Monte Carlo methods, Tracking, Large screen displays. Abstract: In this paper, we study a perceptual scale space by constructing a so-called sketch pyramid which augments the Gaussian and Laplacian pyramid representations in traditional image scale space theory. Each level of this sketch pyramid is a generic attributed graph - called the primal sketch which is inferred from the corresponding image at the same level of the Gaussian pyramid. When images are viewed at increasing resolutions, more details are revealed. This corresponds to perceptual transitions which are represented by topological changes in the sketch graph in terms of a graph grammar. We compute the sketch or perceptual pyramid by Bayesian inference upwards-downwards the pyramid using Markov chain Monte Carlo reversible jumps. We show two example applications of this perceptual scale space: (1) motion tracking of objects over scales, and (2) adaptive image displays which can efficiently show a large high resolution image in a small screen (of a PDA for example) through a selective tour of its image pyramid. Other potential applications include super resolution and multiresolution object recognition. |
7,468 | Please write an abstract with title: Characterization of the 20-T immersed diode on RITS-3, and key words: Diodes, Radiography, Cathodes, Accelerator magnets, Magnetic materials, Laboratories, Solenoids, Electron beams, Boring, Magnetic fields. Abstract: Summary form only given. Sandia National Laboratories is investigating and developing high-dose, high-brightness flash radiographic sources. One of the candidate sources being developed is the magnetically immersed diode. These diodes employ large-bore, high-field solenoid magnets to help produce an intense electron beam from a needle-like cathode "immersed" in the strong Bz field of the magnet. Sandia's RITS-3 accelerator (4-MV, 150-kA, 70-ns) has been used to fully characterize the diode behavior and radiographic performance of Sandia's 20-T large bore immersed diode over a wide range of diode parameters including cathode diameter, A-K gap, magnetic field strength, anode materials, base vacuum pressures and accelerator pre-pulse. Key results from this extensive survey are described. |
7,469 | Please write an abstract with title: Beam Parameters of A Two-Sectional Electron Linac with the Injector Based on a Resonance System with Evanescent Oscillations, and key words: Electron beams, Linear particle accelerator, Resonance, Acceleration, Power supplies, Radio frequency, Klystrons, Particle measurements, Particle beams, Particle beam measurements. Abstract: The S-band electron linac has been designed at NSC KIPT to cover an energy range from 30 to about of 100 MeV. The linac consists of a couple of the four-meter long piecewise homogeneous accelerating sections. Each section is supplied with RF power from a separate klystron. The peculiarity of the linac is using of the injector based on evanescent oscillations. The report presents both simulation results of self-consistent particle dynamics in the linac and results of measurement of beam parameters. |
7,470 | Please write an abstract with title: Efficient Feasibility Analysis for Graph-Based Real-Time Task Systems, and key words: Task analysis, Real-time systems, Computational modeling, Program processors, Acceleration, Analytical models, Complexity theory. Abstract: The demand bound function (DBF) is a powerful abstraction to analyze the feasibility/schedulability of real-time tasks. Computing the DBF for expressive system models, such as graph-based tasks, is typically very expensive. In this article, we develop new techniques to drastically improve the DBF computation efficiency for a representative graph-based task model, digraph real-time tasks (DRT). First, we apply the well-known quick processor-demand analysis (QPA) technique, which was originally designed for simple sporadic tasks, to the analysis of DRT. The challenge is that existing analysis techniques of DRT have to compute the demand for each possible interval size, which is contradictory to the idea of QPA that aims to aggressively skip the computation for most interval sizes. To solve this problem, we develop a novel integer linear programming (ILP)-based analysis technique for DRT, to which we can apply QPA to significantly improve the analysis efficiency. Second, we improve the task utilization computation (a major step in DBF computation for DRT) efficiency from pseudo-polynomial complexity to polynomial complexity. Experiments show that our approach can improve the analysis efficiency by dozens of times. |
7,471 | Please write an abstract with title: Introduction to Digital Twin Engineering, and key words: Digital twin, Data visualization, State estimation, Monitoring. Abstract: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are getting increasingly complex and generate large amounts of data. Analyzing such data provides us an insight into a given system. The digital twin concept emerges as an attempt to seamlessly integrate the data and insight in order to improve system performances. It enables applications such as visualization, monitoring, state estimation, and self-adaptation. In this paper, we demonstrate the construction of a digital twin exemplified by an incubator system, including the benefits and challenges of each application. The result is a description of the building blocks of a digital twin. |
7,472 | Please write an abstract with title: The simulation and analysis of lighting invasion wave performance for 35 kV substation, and key words: Analytical models, Performance analysis, Lightning, Power transformer insulation, Arresters, Voltage control, Substation protection, Impedance, Power transmission lines, Wires. Abstract: ATP-EMTP simulation program is applied to simulate and analyze the lightning invasion wave performance of 35 kV substation in this paper. The results show that some factors of incoming lines and the riding position of lightning arrester in substation have a remarkable influence on invasion wave overvoltage of substation equipments. Based on the analysis and computation, the optimal parameters of the overvoltage protection are suggested. |
7,473 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Fabrication Considerations for Thermo-Resistive Pixel Detectors for Room Temperature Directional Long Wavelength IR Sensing, and key words: Robot sensing systems, Detectors, Temperature sensors, Mathematical model, Heating systems. Abstract: Rapid growth in application demands for smart sensing has fostered the development of micro-electromechanical-based devices with unique capabilities. Recent developments have led to complex autonomous systems that require a variety of intelligent sensing tasks to render human-machine interactions safe and efficient in workplace environments comprising both a human and robotic workforce. Here we report the design and fabrication of a novel thermo-resistive LWIR detector, for sensing and recalculating the direction of incident LWIR radiation for potential robotic applications. The work employs standard silicon micromachining processes along with sol-gel chemistry to fabricate three-dimensional pixel detectors to approximate an LWIR source's direction of incidence using thermo-resistive material. There have been no prior reports of the thermo-resistive effect in conjunction with directionality in LWIR sensors. In addition to the fabrication process flow, we describe the mathematical framework for sensor operation and present a photoresist deposition process for large 3-D topographic surface structures. We discuss the advantages and challenges of the currently designed and fabricated prototypes and highlight issues that limit their angular LWIR response. |
7,474 | Please write an abstract with title: A Novel Phase-Shift Autotransformer with Reduced kVA Capacity in Multi-pulse Rectifier, and key words: Rectifiers, Windings, Prototypes, Harmonic analysis, Topology, Reactive power, Power generation. Abstract: In this paper a novel phase-shift autotransformer is proposed to reduce the required kVA capacity in multi-pulse rectifier applications with utility interface. The structure and operation principle of proposed autotransformer are presented and analyzed in detail. Design criteria of turn ratio, phase-shift angle and equivalent capacity for the proposed autotransformer is illustrated. It can be shown that the proposed method can significantly lower the kVA rating of transformer to 9.38% of output power. Simulations in Matlab/Simulink and experimental results of a 40kW prototype further validate the proposed concept. |
7,475 | Please write an abstract with title: Physics and applications of the Gliding Arc discharge, and key words: Physics, Arc discharges, Plasma temperature, Plasma applications, Atmospheric-pressure plasmas, Plasma density, Plasma measurements, Electrons, Corona, Fuels. Abstract: Summary form only given. Gliding Arc is a transitional type of atmospheric pressure arc discharges, which can provide relatively high levels of electron density, current and power-typical for thermal plasmas, together with relatively low temperature and elevated electric field-typical for cold non-equilibrium plasmas. This "hybrid thermal/non-thermal" plasma of the Gliding Arc combines features and advantages (sometimes unfortunately disadvantages as well) of the so different discharges as thermal arc and low temperature glow or corona discharges. The Gliding Arc discharge finds already interesting and successful practical applications in fuel and waste treatment, in environmental control. The Gliding Arc discharge in the transitional ENE mode was successfully applied in particular for hydrogen and syngas production by partial oxidation and steam reforming of methane, and for exhaust gas cleaning from different volatile organic compounds. The Gliding Arc plasma parameters in the case of fast linear propagation and rotation was characterized and quantified by the high speed image intensified spectrally resolved video and ICCD diagnostics, synchronized voltage-current measurements, and also by microwave interferometry and infrared spectroscopy. |
7,476 | Please write an abstract with title: A Wideband Circularly Polarized Endfire Microstrip Antenna, and key words: Antenna measurements, Satellite antennas, Dipole antennas, Azimuth, Microstrip antennas, Directive antennas, Microstrip. Abstract: In this paper, a novel wideband planar microstrip antenna with a circularly polarized end-fire beam is presented. The antenna comprises a semi-circular disc magnetic dipole and a directive open loop antenna, etched on a two-layer substrate. By choosing appropriate element shapes and separation distances the required characteristics for the generation of circular polarization are achieved. The proposed microstrip antenna is numerically simulated, and a prototype is developed for experimental validation. The antenna resonates at 2.4 GHz and exhibits measured impedance and axial ratio bandwidth of 12.5% and 13.7% respectively. The azimuth and elevation axial ratio beam widths are 89° and 118° correspondingly. The proposed antenna would be a very promising alternative for RFID applications. |
7,477 | Please write an abstract with title: Massive IoT Access With NOMA in 5G Networks and Beyond Using Online Competitiveness and Learning, and key words: Resource management, NOMA, Machine-to-machine communications, Reinforcement learning, Uplink, Real-time systems, Internet of Things. Abstract: This article studies the problem of online user grouping, scheduling, and power allocation for massive Internet of Things (IoT) access in beyond 5G networks using nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA). NOMA has been identified as a promising technology to accommodate a large number of devices using a limited number of radio resources. In this work, the objective is to maximize the number of served devices while allocating their transmission powers such that their real-time requirements as well as their limited operating energy are respected. First, we formulate the problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) that can be transformed to MILP for some special cases. Second, we study its NP-hardness in different cases. Then, by dividing the problem into multiple NOMA grouping and scheduling subproblems, an efficient online competitive algorithm is proposed to solve each subproblem. Next, we show how to use the proposed online algorithm as a black box and how to combine the obtained solutions to each subproblem in a reinforcement learning setting to obtain the power allocation for each NOMA group. Our analyses are supplemented by simulation results to illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithms in comparison to optimal and state-of-the-art methods. |
7,478 | Please write an abstract with title: QoE-centric implementation of SDN platform for Open-Flow-based network path selection, and key words: Performance evaluation, Packet loss, Transforms, Streaming media, Quality assessment, Quality of experience, Software defined networking. Abstract: Software Defined Networking (SDN) provides the ability to make any control related decisions centrally, which transforms legacy network devices to simple forwarding elements. In this new architecture the decisions are made from an application that acts as a strategic control point in the network and manages the flow control for improved network management and application performance. This paper aims at developing a novel SDN platform that monitors the network and makes changes in the paths to achieve better performance in the network in case of video streaming. More specifically, the developed SDN packet loss controller periodically monitors a networking parameter on the video packets transmission path and collects statistics, based on which, it performs network path selection. As a result, the Quality of Experience (QoE) for the end-users is increased, as compared to a standard SDN controller. |
7,479 | Please write an abstract with title: RGB-D Image Instance Segmentation Based On Seeded Region Growing Algorithm, and key words: Training, Image segmentation, Service robots, Target recognition, Merging, Stacking, Object detection. Abstract: Intelligent gripping and handling robots can efficiently and reliably complete various tasks to significantly reduce labor cost. Among other things, accurate object detection and location forms the basis for the robots to function properly. In this paper, a novel target detection framework based on RGB-D images in an unstructured environment has been proposed. First, we use the instance segmentation network Mask R-CNN training model to pre-segment the target object and produce rough initial masks under the condition of small sample training. Then we apply the seeded region growing algorithm to automatically generating seed points. In the proposed method, we incorporate the depth information into the merging principle of the region growing algorithm to leverage three-dimensional information of target objects. This improves the accuracy and robustness of the object segmentation considerably. Experiments show that the segmentation results under proposed method contain the instance information of the target while maintaining high level of accuracy. This is crucial for downstream activities, i.e., the subsequent robotic grasping. |
7,480 | Please write an abstract with title: Investigation of Low-Pressure Condition Impact on Partial Discharge in Micro-Voids using Finite-Element Analysis, and key words: Partial discharges, Industries, Insulation, Multichip modules, Finite element analysis, Aircraft, Aircraft propulsion. Abstract: The aviation industry, as one of the major CO2 producers, anticipates a reduction in its carbon emission. While big manufacturers and governmental agencies are betting on the more- (and soon all-) electrified aircraft to reduce the dependency of this industry on fossil fuels, there are major milestones to be reached in the next three decades. Among those, enhancing the specific power of systems, that are expected to substitute the fuel-based engines, is one of the primary targets. An enabling technology to achieve this goal is the wide bandgap (WBG)-based power converting, a promising technology toward increasing the efficiency of electrical systems. However, not only the partial discharges (PDs) -induced by the high voltage, high-frequency, fast-rise square voltages generated by these systems- endanger the insulation system, but also the operation at higher altitudes can be another game-changing factor in the design of power converters. This study puts forth the investigation of the pressure impact in tandem with the impact of short rise-times on various PD characteristics including but not limited to PD true charge magnitude and duration. The results show how the incorporation of harsh environmental conditions and short rise times lead to more intense and prolonged discharges. Moreover, it shows that micro-voids that have negligible PD activities at sea level can turn into serious threats at higher altitudes. In this project, COMSOL Multiphysics interfaced with MATLAB is used to simulate the PD identification process based on the experimental data found in the literature. |
7,481 | Please write an abstract with title: An Auxiliary Navigation System for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, and key words: Navigation, Underwater vehicles, Underwater structures, Remotely operated vehicles, Transponders, Underwater acoustics, Acoustic beams, Automotive engineering, Systems engineering and theory, Laboratories. Abstract: It is desirable to have an auxiliary navigation system on-board an autonomous underwater vehicle to increase the reliability of its navigation when it works within an underwater structure. An inertial navigation system has been analyzed for this purpose. It shows an unacceptable positioning error due to the low accuracy of a practical stable platform. A simple gyrocompass with an appropriate algorithm has been proposed as an auxiliary navigation system. A flow chart of the proposed algorithm is given in this paper. |
7,482 | Please write an abstract with title: A High-Efficiency Power Generator by Footsteps Using Piezoelectric Effect, and key words: Vibrations, Mechanical sensors, Wireless communication, Wireless sensor networks, Employment, Generators, Sensor systems. Abstract: Electricity is one among the major concerns in this modern world. Many methods had been discovered till this date. But still energy is in demand. By implementing power harvesting system, portable devices can be developed further, so there is no dependency on traditional powering methods. One of the methods of obtaining power through a system is by the deployment of piezoelectric materials. In this paper, a piezoelectric generator is developed, that produces electricity. A Piezoelectric generator is a generator that converts mechanical energy and, produce electricity from vibration and pressure. Thus, this paper explains the employment of piezoelectric sensors mounted beneath the flooring to harvest energy, from vibrations generated by people walking, which can then be employed to generate and store energy. A lithium-based battery is adopted to store the energy produced by piezoelectric sensors. Then, the electricity is boosted up by a DC booster module. Thus, the proposed system and, the application of this generated electricity in feet of humans is very much useful for populated nations. Thus, this project power generation by piezoelectric generator which is cost-effective and, easy-to-implement. |
7,483 | Please write an abstract with title: Influence of kink effect on the dynamic and noise performance of short-channel InAlAs/InGaAs HEMTs, and key words: Indium compounds, Indium gallium arsenide, HEMTs, MODFETs, Low-frequency noise, Cutoff frequency, Microscopy, Performance analysis, Degradation, Lattices. Abstract: We perform a microscopic analysis of the degradation originated by the kink effect in the dynamic and noise performance of short-channel InAlAs/InGaAs lattice matched HEMTs by using a 2D ensemble Monte Carlo simulator. The onset of kink effect leads to a significant increase of the drain conductance, whose frequency dependence reflects the influence of the processes at the origin of the kink effect. Concerning the noise performance, the kink effect provokes an enhancement in the drain- and gate-current noise at low frequency, with a characteristic cutoff frequency related to the impact ionization rate and hole recombination time. |
7,484 | Please write an abstract with title: Whither plagiarism in distance learning academic assessment during COVID-19?, and key words: COVID-19, Seminars, Computer aided instruction, Electronic learning, Plagiarism, Education, Time measurement. Abstract: Because of the widespread plagiarism in evaluating student performance, many researchers consider that the evaluation of students' performance in the Corona era (COVID-19) would not be objective. It will be difficult to truly measure student performance. Plagiarism has spread in many of the scientific works that students accomplish (exams, scientific research, assignments, quizzes, research projects.i.) in most of the world's universities. The issue of plagiarism causes a lot of anxiety to people working in the educational field (supervisors, professors, administrators). Meetings, conferences and seminars are organized and held to study this topic and search for solutions that could put an end to the problem, especially after most educational institutions (universities, secondary schools, schools) in the world had adopted e-learning (distance learning) during and after the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has halted traditional learning for more than half a year (December 2019). In this context, this paper aims to shed light on some aspects of this problem, and offer some proposals that could contribute to limiting its spread in the various educational institutions. Based on a literature survey on the topic of plagiarism in distance education, the following results were obtained: Based on the foregoing, the current research seeks to answer the following questions: 1. Is cheating inherent in distance learning? 2. What kind of cheating is used in distance learning? 3. What are the measures taken to tackle this problem? 1- With regard to the first question, it was found that the results of the studies are conflicting, which contributed to an increase in the belief that the practice of plagiarism in distance education is great. 2 - As to the second question, it was concluded that the types of cheating used by the learners are many and varied. 3- Concerning the third question, it was found that there are two approaches used to control plagiarism: the preventive approach and the therapeutic approach. It has been emphasized that the preventive approach can be more effective in controlling plagiarism as a whole. 1- With regard to the first question, it was found that the results of the studies are conflicting, which contributed to an increase in the belief that the practice of plagiarism in distance education is great. 2 - As to the second question, it was concluded that the types of cheating used by the learners are many and varied. 3- Concerning the third question, it was found that there are two approaches used to control plagiarism: the preventive approach and the therapeutic approach. It has been emphasized that the preventive approach can be more effective in controlling plagiarism as a whole. |
7,485 | Please write an abstract with title: Simulation of Phase Characteristics of Underwater Target Acoustic Scattering, and key words: Benchmark Submarine Model, Acoustic Scattering, Phase Characteristics Simulation. Abstract: Acoustic scattering phase of underwater target is one of the key scattering characteristics, which can be used as an extra parameter for target detection and an identifier for target identification. On the basis of analyzing and processing the simulation data of benchmark scaled model, the phase characteristics of acoustic scattering signals associated with the attribute information of underwater target are proposed and researched. The law of the phase characteristics with frequency and target azimuth are obtained. It shows that the research on the phase of target acoustic scattering can increase the amount of information which can be utilized in target detection and recognition. The results demonstrate that the target phase characteristics will be important for the acquisition of increased levels of information, critical for the development of automated targets detection and species identification. |
7,486 | Please write an abstract with title: A Wideband and High Gain Dual-Polarized Filtering Antenna Based on Multiple Patches, and key words: Antennas, Filtering, Gain, Couplings, Slot antennas, Dipole antennas, Patch antennas. Abstract: This communication investigated a wideband filtering patch antenna with high gain and high selectivity. The antenna is mainly composed of an aperture-coupled driven patch, a stacked patch, and four center-shorted trapezoidal thin patches. The stacked patch can introduce a higher frequency resonant mode and a radiation null due to magnetic coupling. Four trapezoidal thin patches loaded with shorting vias are located around the driven patch, acting as a vertical split-ring resonator (SRR) and introducing a lower frequency resonant mode and a radiation null due to electric coupling. With two radiation nulls at the edges of the passband, the filtering gain response with high selectivity is achieved. As no filtering circuits are used, the antenna can obtain high gain and high efficiency. Due to the symmetrical structure, a dual-polarized filtering antenna is also presented for base-station application, demonstrating good radiation performances and an isolation of 20 dB. A fabricated dual-polarized antenna is measured, showing a wide bandwidth up to 18.8% (from 3.19 to 3.85 GHz), a peak gain of 9.5 dBi, and two near-band radiation nulls located at 3.13 and 4 GHz. |
7,487 | Please write an abstract with title: Regenerative optical routing using a combined sampled-grating DBR laser and 16/spl times/16 arrayed waveguide grating, and key words: Arrayed waveguide gratings, Optical arrays, Optical waveguides, Repeaters, Routing, Distributed Bragg reflectors, Waveguide lasers, Laser tuning, Optical wavelength conversion, Switches. Abstract: Summary form only given. In this work, for the first time, a regenerative wavelength routing switch has been constructed using tuneable lasers to implement regenerative wavelength conversion. Both laser and integrated laser amplifier components have been shown to allow combined wavelength conversion and regeneration. In this paper, a tunable SG-DBR laser is used to allow prototype testing of one input path to the switch. The laser has a broad tuning range of about 40 nm, the output wavelength being tuned by the selection of bias current to four different sections. A 16 /spl times/ 16 AWG is then used to provide the full routing function. Q factor measurements as a function of received power show that for low received power where the S/N ratio is poor, a good improvement in the signal quality is achieved because of regeneration. An IPDR of about 10 dB has been demonstrated for the router. |
7,488 | Please write an abstract with title: Robustness against unauthorized watermark removal attacks via key-dependent wavelet packet subband structures, and key words: Robustness, Watermarking, Wavelet packets, Wavelet domain, Data security, Quantization, Protection, Image storage, Random number generation, Computer science. Abstract: We propose the use of random wavelet packet decompositions as a way to increase the security of watermarking systems against unauthorized removal attacks. Experimental attacks based on coefficient quantization show that using a secret key-dependent subband structure to hide the watermarking domain significantly increases the watermark correlation under an attack as compared to a classical pyramidal wavelet watermark. |
7,489 | Please write an abstract with title: Numerical Verification of Full Waveform Inversion for the Chang’E-5 Lunar Regolith Penetrating Array Radar, and key words: Moon, Permittivity, TV, Radar imaging, Mathematical model, Conductivity, Radar antennas. Abstract: The lunar regolith penetrating array radar (LRPR) carried by Chang’E-5 (CE-5) has explored the subsurface regolith structure of the moon and guided the drill sampling procedures. To evaluate LRPR performance in subsurface imaging and physical-parameter estimation, we apply multiscale full-waveform inversion (FWI) with total variation (TV) regularization to the synthetic CE-5 LRPR data. The time-domain multiscale inversion strategy gives a low-frequency update for the deep region and increases the frequency range for updating the shallow area. The TV regularization reduces the image noise and improves the inversion accuracy of local structures. To mimic the actual scenario, we use an LRPR source wavelet obtained from the LRPR instrument prototype for our FWI test. The LRPR source wavelets include the effect of the antenna radiation patterns and signal scattering from the metallic lander. We test the proposed FWI scheme on two heterogeneous models of the lunar regolith and demonstrate that the scheme effectively reduces the signal scattering from the metallic lander and provides a reliable way to image the lunar regolith structures. These images can be used to estimate the regolith physical parameters. |
7,490 | Please write an abstract with title: Antenna diversity combining schemes for WCDMA systems in fading multipath channels, and key words: Diversity reception, Multiaccess communication, Fading, Multipath channels, Downlink, Performance analysis, Receiving antennas, Wideband, Analytical models, Base stations. Abstract: In this paper, we analyze the performance of various receive antenna diversity schemes for use in combination with transmit diversity on the downlink of wideband code-division multiple-access third-generation systems. We consider open loop and closed loop versions of both maximal ratio combining and selection diversity, and study the impact of channel correlation on the performance of these schemes. We also present an analysis of the asymptotic performance of coded systems. The analytical results are compared with simulation results obtained in typical channels. |
7,491 | Please write an abstract with title: WiLCA: Accelerating Contactless Authentication with Limited Data, and key words: Face recognition, Neural networks, Authentication, Feature extraction, Data models, Sensors, Security. Abstract: Human authentication is critical to protect personal and property security. Existing contactless authentication methods face some drawbacks, such as requiring large data size and low accuracy in cross-domain recognition, which hinders widespread popularization in practical applications. In this paper, we design and implement WiLCA, a WiFi-based lightweight contactless authentication system. First, we devise a Channel State Information (CSI) stream selection scheme to extract human movement features and reduce the sample size in the recognition process. Then, an AGO model is proposed, in which a Siamese Neural Network (SNN) framework with a cross-entropy module is used to guarantee accurate human authentication with limited data, and a lightweight GhostNet accelerates authentication with cheap operations. At last, extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the advantages of WiLCA, revealing that compared with state-of-the-art methods, WiLCA can reduce the data size by at least 2.5 x and achieve accurate authentication with an accuracy of over 98%. |
7,492 | Please write an abstract with title: A Cognitive Survey on Eco Affability of Green Computing, and key words: Waste management, Government policies, Green products, Urban areas, Media, Birds, Global warming, Climate change. Abstract: Eco friendly bags are the products which are being reused and recycled. Environment is filled with lot of green marketers and some green products alternative to other plastics products. The exact emphasis is to examine the awareness regarding the eco affability and implementation of eco bags. In addition the researcher also tried to study the level of Awareness regarding eco bags, Environment Friendliness, Motivational Programs, Government Policies, Waste Management and the level of Education. The primary data required for the study was collected using questionnaire from 150 respondents of Coimbatore city. To assess the survey Frequency Analysis, Chi square Analysis and Descriptive Statistics is used. Result of the analysis concealed that the benefits of eco bags like reusable, reduce less wastage and anywhere capable were strongly agreed by the respondents and are aware about the impacts of plastic bags like Improper disposal, Longer decomposition, Danger to Animals and Birds life, Affect human health, Global warming and Climate change, Species of Marine life and Increase Risk of flood. |
7,493 | Please write an abstract with title: Manufacture Of Miniature High-Frequency Monolithic Crystal Filter, and key words: Performance evaluation, Adaptation models, Fluctuations, Shape, Crystals, Insertion loss, Bandwidth. Abstract: The miniature high-frequency monolithic crystal filter is developed according to the requirement of model. The main electrical performance of the monolithic crystal filter is better than that of technical specifications, and the parameters of passband bandwidth, insert loss, passband ripple, shape factor, parasitic suppression, stopband attenuation meet the requirements of users. |
7,494 | Please write an abstract with title: Optimal Control Method for Reflux Power of Modular Multilevel DC Transformer in New Energy Power System, and key words: Renewable energy sources, Wave power, Simulation, Power transmission, Optimal control, Power system stability, Stability analysis. Abstract: In order to improve the power transmission efficiency of modular multilevel DC transformer ( MMDCT ), reduce the current peak during operation, and ensure the safety and stability of MMDCT, this paper proposes a reflux power optimization control method to reduce the reflux power of MMDCT. First, an approximate trapezoidal wave power model calculation method is proposed to simplify the power calculation model. Then, based on the approximate power model calculation method, the reflux power models of MMDCT under single phase shift control and extended phase shift control are calculated, and a reflux power optimization control method under extended phase shift control is proposed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the control method are verified by simulation. |
7,495 | Please write an abstract with title: Impact of high levels of series compensation on line distance protection, and key words: SERIES COMPENSATION, TRANSMISSION LINE, DISTANCE PROTECTION. Abstract: Series compensation of transmission lines creates several challenges for distance protection, particularly at the high compensation levels that have recently become more common. In this paper, the effect of high levels of series compensation on distance protection is evaluated, using a PSCAD simulation model of a 500 kV, 200 km transmission line with a series capacitor bank. The capacitor bank model includes overvoltage protection using a metal oxide varistor (MOV) and bypass circuit breaker. Compensation levels of 70%, 100% and 140% are simulated and phase to ground faults are simulated at several positions along the line, with fault resistance of 0 Ō and 30 Ō and fault inception angle of 0 ° and 90 °. It is observed from the simulation results that traditional distance protection experiences severe challenges at high levels of series compensation. With increasing compensation level, an increased length of line experiences voltage inversion and current inversion during a fault. The fault trajectories in the R-X plane show that voltage and current inversion during a fault can cause directional problems and delay for the distance relay. Sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO) is observed for faults in series compensated lines, causing over-reach and under-reach problems as well as delayed relay operation. |
7,496 | Please write an abstract with title: Joint Coupled Transform Learning Framework for Multimodal Image Super-Resolution, and key words: Computer vision, Closed-form solutions, Conferences, Computational modeling, Superresolution, Imaging, Transforms. Abstract: Insights from multiple imaging modalities have recently been applied in solving many computer vision related applications. In this paper, we model the cross-modal dependencies between different modalities for Multimodal Image Super-Resolution (MISR), i.e., enhance the Low Resolution (LR) image of target modality with the guidance of a High Resolution (HR) image from another modality. We introduce a joint optimization based transform learning frame-work referred to as Joint Coupled Transform Learning (JCTL) to combine the information from multiple modalities to generate the HR image of the target modality. All the necessary intermediate steps and the corresponding closed form solution updates are pro-vided. The performance of the proposed JCTL is benchmarked against the state-of-the-art MISR approaches on different multi-modal datasets with different upscaling factors. The results show better performance with the proposed JCTL approach compared to other state-of-the-art techniques both in terms of PSNR and SSIM. |
7,497 | Please write an abstract with title: Introduction, and key words: Artificial neural networks, Artificial intelligence, Neurons, Biological neural networks, Error analysis, Fourth Industrial Revolution, Computational modeling. Abstract: The rise of new artificial intelligence (AI) technology – neural network (NN) starts the fourth industrial revolution. The NN models the neuron in the human brain. The neuron allows the brain to send the message to the rest of the body and control all body actions. This chapter introduces three popular NN models: Convolutional Neural Network, recurrent neural network, and reinforcement learning. The NN is divided into supervised, semi‐supervised, and unsupervised learning based on the training mechanism. The NN operation is mainly divided into two primary operations: training and inference. The chapter describes the AI application development cycle, from business planning, network design, data engineering, and validation to final deployment. It not only solves the technical problems but also considers the human factor. For application development, the business analysts first develop the AI vision, understands the problem, benefit, and technology trade‐off, then define the longterm AI investment strategy. |
7,498 | Please write an abstract with title: ZVT Boost Converter Integrated with Charging and Discharging Topologies, and key words: Photovoltaic systems, Renewable energy sources, RLC circuits, Voltage, Switches, Pulse width modulation, Mathematical models. Abstract: The paper analyses a ZVT based PV connected PWM boost converter topology with an integrated battery charger circuit exhibiting flexible charging and discharging functions in order to ensure that the load demand is being met under varying input conditions. While both the main and auxiliary switches always operate under soft-switching conditions, battery utilizes the circulating energy in the resonant tank circuit in its charging process, thus effectively minimizing the losses. To further improve the overall system efficiency, the system continuously tracks the maximum power point (MPP) of the photovoltaic supply irrespective of variations in irradiance and temperature. The system flexibility further increases as the system offers a wide variation in choice of the battery irrespective of the load voltage. Furthermore, the discharging current of the battery is continuous which greatly reduces the stresses on the battery. The system is simulated and analyzed in PSIM and the results have been presented to validate the analysis and design. |
7,499 | Please write an abstract with title: A new three-phase harmonic-free rectification scheme based on zero-sequence current injection, and key words: Rectifiers, Power system harmonics, Power harmonic filters, Diodes, Rails, Power electronics, Pulse power systems, Pulse width modulation converters, Costs, Power engineering and energy. Abstract: This paper proposes a new three-phase harmonic-free rectification scheme based on a zero-sequence injection technique. The proposed scheme incorporates two half-bridge inverters and two single-phase transformers to actively and individually shape the positive and negative dc rail currents of the rectifier. The shaped zero-sequence harmonic currents are then circulated through the ac side of the rectifier via a zigzag transformer, resulting in pure sinusoidal input currents in the three-phase diode rectifier. A design example along with component ratings calculation are detailed. Experimental results on a 1.5-kVA prototype are provided to validate the proposed technique. |
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