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7,900 | Please write an abstract with title: Route selecting in the light of the theory of multimode transportation based on multi-agent, and key words: Dynamic programming, Context-aware services, Intelligent control, Educational institutions, Roads, Rail transportation, Pipelines, Cost function, Information technology, Forward contracts. Abstract: In the context of market economy, various conflicts in freightage market surface as below: the conflict of competition and cooperation among transportation corporations, the conflict of supply and demand between consignors and transportation corporations, and the conflict of transport costs and service level, etc. Thus the theory of multimode transportation based on multi-agent is put forward to reconcile those conflicts in this paper, and in the light of the theory of multimode transportation based on multi-agent the problem of selecting the best route with the highest comprehension serving level showed by transport cost and transport time etc. is particularly elaborated here. |
7,901 | Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of failure detectors based a cost metric, and key words: Detectors, Costs, Protocols, Heart beat, Computer crashes, Safety, Failure analysis, Fault tolerant systems, Fault detection, Proposals. Abstract: This paper proposes a method of analysis for evaluating failure detectors. The method can be applied to compare the performance of failure detectors, and to determine the optimal operating parameter of a failure detector in a given environment. Through a cost analysis approach, this method creates a cost metric, average lost, which might tackle with comparing two failure detectors. Through the consequent experiment, we conclude that the value of a failure detector depend on the user's request, the probability of process crash and the network environment where the failure detector runs. |
7,902 | Please write an abstract with title: Liquid-Metal Nodal Sheet for Reconfigurable Devices and Circuits, and key words: Metals, Liquids, Merging, Force, Magnetic liquids, Shape, Image quality. Abstract: Gallium-based liquid metals have attracted attention as a conductive adaptable material that can be shaped to obtain reconfigurability. We demonstrate a two-dimensional array of liquid-metal conductive nodes, in which reconfigurability is achieved by merging and splitting adjacent nodes to reversibly shape a two-dimensional structure. The nodes are reconfigured using three different actuation schemes: 1) pressure-point actuation, where the liquid metal is actuated by pressing on the flexible superstrate; 2) surface-tension self-splitting, where the geometric shape of the node itself exerts a separating force on merged nodes; and 3) electrocapillary actuation where the liquid metal is actuated by a DC electrical signal. This is the first demonstration of a reconfigurable liquid-metal pixel array using liquid-liquid interconnects for prototyping reconfigurable devices. As a proof of concept, the proposed actuation techniques are used to reconfigure a liquid-metal nodal patch antenna, in which the liquid-metal nodes are reversibly connected and disconnected to change the operating frequency and polarization. |
7,903 | Please write an abstract with title: Characterization of Dielectric Properties of Conductive Materials by Coplanar Waveguide Method, and key words: Coplanar waveguides, Dielectric constant, Dielectric measurement, Transmission line measurements, Conductivity, Graphene. Abstract: A coplanar waveguide (CPW) method has been developed for characterization of conductive materials like carbon-content samples (graphite, pressed graphene, N-doped graphene) and anisotropic metasurfaces with planar metal inclusions. The samples have been placed as covers on the CPW conductor layout and additional losses and phase delay/advance have been used for simultaneous extraction of the equivalent conductivity and dielectric constant of these materials. Positive and negative values of the equivalent dielectric constant of the metasurfaces have been extracted in different directions and undue frequency dependence of the permittivity of pressed graphite and graphene samples between values 20-25 up to less than 1 above 30 GHz and equivalent conductivity about 0.3-8 S/m have been measured. A weak magneto-electric (ME) effect in external dc magnetic field has been observed for some carbon-content materials. |
7,904 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling visual interactive systems through dynamic visual languages, and key words: Interactive systems, User interfaces, Law, Legal factors, Formal specifications, Prototypes, Software libraries, Man machine systems, Application software, Image generation. Abstract: Visual interaction processes are modeled in this paper as sequences of visual sentences in which for each visual sentence only a limited set of user actions is possible. We introduce the notion of "dynamic visual language" as a weakly ordered set of visual sentences characterized by the presence of common elements. We present a formal model of derivation of visual sentences in a dynamic visual language in which each visual sentence specifies the possible actions which can be performed on it and the possible transformations it can go through. In this way, we offer a formal setting in which the interaction process can be formally specified. A user interface can be derived from the formal specification, so that it embeds proper context elements which limit user disorientation. The concepts are illustrated by the user interaction with a prototype of a digital library developed at the University of Bari. |
7,905 | Please write an abstract with title: Feature selection for high dimensionality data in chemical sensing, and key words: Chemical sensors, Sensor phenomena and characterization, Sensor arrays, Feature extraction, Chemical analysis, Testing, Linear discriminant analysis, Sensor systems, Data mining, Laboratories. Abstract: We present the results obtained by applying different feature selection (FS) methods to the analysis of chemical sensing data. Four datasets have been considered: a mass spectrometer (MS) dataset with 505 peaks (features) and three datasets from metal oxide sensor based E-noses with 30 features. For the MS data we first filter features individually and then apply optimal and suboptimal FS search strategies. The three E-nose datasets present different discrimination hardness and different number of data. For every classification problem three classifiers are tested (3NN, LDA, QDA). FS performance is calculated by two nested cross-validation cycles in order to prevent selection bias. FS always increases the correct test set classification ratio (sometimes the increase is substantial) and the discriminative features are recognized. To our knowledge, this is the first benchmarking study evaluating several FS options (classifiers and search strategies, including suboptimal ones) for the classification of different chemical sensing datasets |
7,906 | Please write an abstract with title: On the connectivity in finite ad hoc networks, and key words: Intelligent networks, Ad hoc networks, Radio network, Spread spectrum communication, Upper bound, Land mobile radio cellular systems, Switching circuits. Abstract: Connectivity and capacity analysis of ad hoc networks has usually focused on asymptotic results in the number of nodes in the network. In this letter we analyze finite ad hoc networks. With the standard assumption of uniform distribution of nodes in [0, z], z > 0, for a one-dimensional network, we obtain the exact formula for the probability that the network is connected. We then extend this result to find bounds for the connectivity in a two-dimensional network in [0, z]/sup 2/. |
7,907 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of LTCC Based Highly Integrated Non-blocking 2-18GHz Switch Matrix, and key words: Radio frequency, Solid modeling, Three-dimensional displays, Simulation, Switches, Insertion loss, Microwave circuits. Abstract: A highly integrated ultra-wideband 4×4 non-blocking switch matrix module has been designed in this paper. The module design is based on monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology and low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology. Its radio frequency (RF) performance has been studied through three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic simulation and circuit simulation methods. The simulation results show that, within 2-18GHz the return loss is better than -10dB, the insertion loss is less than 14.6dB, and the isolation is better than 75dB, which meets the design requirements. |
7,908 | Please write an abstract with title: Siamese Neural Encoders for Long-Term Indoor Localization with Mobile Devices, and key words: Location awareness, Degradation, Performance evaluation, Fingerprint recognition, Wireless fidelity, Smart phones. Abstract: WiFi fingerprinting-based indoor localization on smartphones is an emerging application domain for enhanced positioning and tracking of people and assets within indoor locales. Unfortunately, the transmitted signal characteristics from independently maintained WiFi access points (APs) vary greatly over time. Moreover, some of the WiFi APs visible at the initial deployment phase may be replaced or removed over time. These factors are often ignored and cause gradual and catastrophic degradation of indoor localization accuracy post-deployment, over weeks and months. We propose a Siamese neural encoder-based framework that offers up to 40% reduction in degradation of localization accuracy over time compared to the state-of-the-art in the area, without requiring any re-training. |
7,909 | Please write an abstract with title: Safe Motion Planning with Tubes and Contraction Metrics, and key words: Measurement, Tutorials, Predictive models, Prediction algorithms, Planning, Electron tubes, Trajectory. Abstract: The recent proliferation of model predictive control (MPC) in safety-critical systems has placed additional emphasis on developing algorithms that have strict performance guarantees despite the presence of modeling error or external disturbances. This tutorial summarizes key results of combining contraction theory with MPC to enable provably-safe motion planning for robotic and aerospace systems. After a brief review of control contraction metrics, we summarize the fundamental result that any closed-loop contracting system has an associated invariant tube centered around a desired trajectory. It is then shown how these tubes can be systematically incorporated into the motion planning problem as an additional safety margin for systems with uncertain dynamics. Finally, several future research directions are discussed. |
7,910 | Please write an abstract with title: Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram: The Privacy Challenges, and key words: Hafnium compounds, Conferences. Abstract: Social networks have gained power over in many aspects of life. Undeniably it has brought change to the world we live in and to our minds. It has more memory about us than any of the real humans. Social network is a dumpster of peoples' personal information from your date of birth to your current location it has all the information. If process well, this could get even scarier day by day. Motivated by the fact that privacy issue is one of the main concerns of the users, this paper is determined to discuss and elaborate the privacy features settings of the famous Social networking sites (SNS). In this paper we compare three of the most famous SNS, i.e Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The differences and commonalities among those SNS will be compared based on a list of criteria. Based on the comparison, Facebook has been proven having the highest number of flexible privacy features that allow users to choose as compared to the other SNS. |
7,911 | Please write an abstract with title: High speed lookup scheme based on two-pass for core router, and key words: Internet, Spine, Sun, Data communication, Data structures, Routing, Performance analysis, Algorithm design and analysis. Abstract: IP lookup is an important issue in core router systems. Several new algorithms have been proposed to solve this problem. These approaches have strength and weakness compared with the number of memory access times, route insertion/deletion time, and memory usage fact. In a point of view high-speed prefix lookup, we propose the improved lookup scheme using dual-mode tables based on multibit tries and the fast hardware-based IP address lookup approach. The proposed scheme is very related to real Internet traffics because this scheme is an optimized current prefix length distributions. |
7,912 | Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of a large-scale photonic cross connect for carrier network applications, and key words: Large-scale systems, Optical receivers, Micromechanical devices, Optical switches, Optical sensors, Optical feedback, Optical transmitters, Q factor, System testing, Wavelength measurement. Abstract: In summary, we demonstrated a large-scale MEMS PXC with performance capabilities consistent with needs for realistic carrier network applications. Careful attention needs to be given to interoperating PXCs with other network equipment, including WDM systems. |
7,913 | Please write an abstract with title: Pulsed coherent semiconductor Ka-band transmitters, and key words: Transmitters, Pulse amplifiers, Flowcharts, Organizing, IEEE catalog, Synthesizers, Phase noise, Hidden Markov models, Power amplifiers, Microwave technology. Abstract: The development of pulsed coherent semiconductor transmitters for the millimeter wave range has made possible the creation of a new generation of short distance radars having high resolution and interference immunity. This paper presents the results of the design and production of high power pulsed coherent Ka-band semiconductor transmitters having high frequency stability, low phase noise and fast frequency switching. |
7,914 | Please write an abstract with title: Application-bypass reduction for large-scale clusters, and key words: Computer network management, Parallel processing, Message passing. Abstract: Process skew is an important factor in the performance of parallel applications, especially in large-scale clusters. Reduction is a common collective operation which, by its nature, introduces implicit synchronization between the processes involved in the communication and is therefore highly susceptible to performance degradation due to process skew. A collective operation with application-bypass does not require the application to block in order for the operation to make progress. Application-bypass collective operations are therefore highly tolerant of skew. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of an application-bypass version of the reduction operation in MPICH over GM. We evaluate our implementation on a 16-node cluster. Under conditions of process skew we find a factor of improvement of up to 3.3 for our application-bypass reduction versus the default MPICH implementation. In addition, we see that this factor of improvement increases with system size, indicating that the application-bypass implementation is more scalable and skew-tolerant than the default non-application-bypass version. This framework promises design and development of high-performance and scalable collective communication libraries for next-generation large-scale clusters. |
7,915 | Please write an abstract with title: Use of Virtual Reality for Stress Reduction in Nanoarthroscopy, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Anxiety disorders, Surgery, Virtual reality, Motion pictures, Nanoscale devices, Biomedical monitoring. Abstract: Post-traumatic joint conditions cause trauma, and many conditions need to be addressed surgically. The latest technique is nanoarthroscopy, which allows to use immersive virtual reality to minimize the stress of surgery. Previous studies have investigated patients’ subjective ratings of their perception of stress from surgery. This article describes the theoretical foundations to objectify the use of virtual reality (VR) that may distract patients from experiencing stress during surgery. During a nano-arthroscopy, when a patient watches a movie through a 3D VR device or on a 2D monitor, his or her stress is gradually reduced. Watching movie using a VR device during a nanoarthroscopy will calm the patient more than watching it on a 2D monitor. This study confirmed that the use of virtual reality to reduce stress during nanoarthroscopy provides new innovative technology in medicine. |
7,916 | Please write an abstract with title: A New Feeder Automation Scheme Implementing Single-Line-to-Ground Fault Location with Novel Smart Fault Indicators for China's Electric Distribution Networks, and key words: Wireless communication, Automation, Network topology, Distribution networks, Companies, Fault location, Power systems. Abstract: This paper introduced a new feeder automation (FA) scheme implementing single-line-to-ground (SLG) fault location with novel smart fault indicators (SFIs) for China’s electric distribution networks (EDNs). When the novel SFI detected a reverse SLG fault, it will send a sequence of event (SOE) via 4G to the distribution automation system (DAS) master station. The DAS master station locates the SLG fault section based on the SOEs from the SFIs. This FA scheme is tested hy the artificial SLG faults in the Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Application and Key Equipment of Distribution Network of State Grid Corporation of China by the Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Company. |
7,917 | Please write an abstract with title: Improving Physical Layer Security Using Multi-UAVs-Enabled Mobile Relaying, and key words: Simulation, Quality of service, Programming, Physical layer security, Autonomous aerial vehicles, Trajectory, Internet. Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to be widely deployed in practical scenarios, due to their advantages of high mobility and easy deployment. In this paper, we propose a secure UAV mobile relaying system where multiple relays collaboratively amplify and forward information from a source to a destination in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. To enhance security, the problem is to simultaneously optimize the relay trajectory, the source’s and relay’s transmit power subject to quality of service (QoS), aiming to maximize the average secrecy rate. To this end, we design an iterative algorithm to solve the problem efficiently by applying the block coordinate descent and sequential convex programming, which is proven to converge to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) point of the original problem. The simulation results show that the proposed multiple mobile relaying scheme can attain significantly higher achievable secrecy rate than the single relaying scheme. |
7,918 | Please write an abstract with title: DBTap-A Digital Transformation App, and key words: Databases, Digital transformation, Education, Security, Personnel, Usability. Abstract: To create a one-stop digital shop for college administrative and academic needs. The recent academic shift to an online format resulted in a lack of coordination among college administrative personnel and students. This problem statement into account by DBTap, which addresses it using three key modules: No Dues, Convocation, and Letter Of Recommendation (LOR). This digital system enables students to apply for No Dues and LOR online and assists every faculty member participating in the process in approving or rejecting applications with justifications. It assists teachers in keeping track of all alumni by scanning copies of admit cards for further education. The database approach helps gather data for each student and analyse it for convocation purposes, where student skills are evaluated based on academic, athletic, technical, and extra-curricular data. |
7,919 | Please write an abstract with title: Augmented illusionism. The influence of optical illusions through artworks with augmented reality, and key words: Visualization, Optical distortion, Color, Optical imaging, Adaptive optics, Augmented reality, Optical devices. Abstract: The regular studies on optical illusions through artistic practice usually focus on illusionist painting, placing its conceptualization and methodology within the framework of the pictorial tradition. However, few investigations have dealt with the phenomena of ambiguity, distortion, wrong motion perception, or color in artistic pieces created through the use of augmented reality. This offers a new field of study through which to explore optical illusions, hereby considered erroneous and unconscious perceptions of the actual physical characteristics of an image or object, through the hybridization of real and virtual elements. For this, an investigation of optical illusions is carried out through the work of various artists who use augmented reality technology to generate their artistic pieces. At the same time, the results of an experiment are shown, in which 20 participants evaluate three artistic prototypes created by the author, in which digital elements are superimposed on backgrounds whose characteristics have discordant relationships, of tension and contradiction between figure and background. |
7,920 | Please write an abstract with title: First cathode simulation in crossed-field devices, and key words: Cathodes, Helium, Pulse width modulation, Organizing, IEEE catalog, Skeleton. Abstract: Among all crossed-field systems special attention was given to surface wave devices. The operation of these devices has been insufficiently studied. To rectify this, analysis test data of the mathematical model for surface wave devices was observed. This model allowed one to simulate the secondary emission via the first cathode. |
7,921 | Please write an abstract with title: Injection mechanism characterization in N,N'-ditridecyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide based vertical organic field-effect transistors, and key words: Electrodes, Voltage, Logic gates, Tunneling, Transistors, Electric potential, Plasmas. Abstract: This paper deals with an investigation of the injection mechanisms in an n-type (PTCDI-C13) vertical organic field effect transistor made of planar perforated electrode. It is shown that charge injection is supported by thermionic emission at low drain-source voltage while Fowler-Nordheim tunneling is the main injection mechanism at a drain to source voltage exceeding the transistor turn-on voltage. |
7,922 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep Learning Method to Estimate Glucose Level from Heart Rate Variability, and key words: Deep learning, Neurons, Predictive models, Glucose, Diabetes, Heart rate variability, Anomaly detection. Abstract: Recently, there have been efforts by different researchers in implementing some Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques in designing a model that will predict Glucose based solely on Heart Rate Variability parameters. However, each study uses an in-house dataset and thus the results differ from the rest. The aim of this paper is to explore the predictive capabilities of DL techniques in designing a model to predict glucose regulation from Heart Rate Variability. The clinical study was conducted on a dataset of 155 patients with long-term Electrocardiogram measurements. The best results are achieved with an architecture of three hidden layers (32, 256, and 64 neurons, respectively) with an Adam optimizer alongside a learning rate of 0.001 coupled by a Binary Cross entropy loss function. Furthermore, the Z score outlier removal method proved to lead to a higher accuracy value, whilst the IQR outlier removal method proved to lead to a higher Fl score value. |
7,923 | Please write an abstract with title: On the Parameterization of Cartesian Genetic Programming, and key words: Genetic programming, Wires, Encoding, Convergence, Optimization, Next generation networking. Abstract: In this work, we present a detailed analysis of Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) parametrization of the selection scheme ($\mu+\lambda$), and the levels back parameter l. We also investigate CGP's mutation operator by decomposing it into a self-recombination, node function mutation, and inactive gene randomization operators. We perform experiments in the Boolean and symbolic regression domains with which we contribute to the knowledge about efficient parametrization of two essential parameters of CGP and the mutation operator. |
7,924 | Please write an abstract with title: Harmonics in Electrical and Electronic Systems, and key words: Harmonic analysis, Power electronics, Power harmonic filters, Electromagnetic interference, Standards, Switches, Resonant frequency. Abstract: This chapter addresses harmonic emissions generated by different power electronics converters within the frequency range of 0–150 kHz. It explains different IEEE and IEC standards for DC and microgrids systems. The generic harmonic standards to define harmonic limits for grid‐connected electrical and electronic equipment are IEEE 519, IEEE 1547, IEC 61000‐3‐2, IEC 61000‐12, and IEC 61000‐3‐16. Interharmonics in power systems come in the form of a current or voltage waveform and are a noninteger multiple of the power system fundamental frequency. The chapter presents elaborate definitions of different power quality factors that impact a power grid. Power electronics technology in distribution networks allows the transfer of electrical power from renewable energy sources to grids, while regulating frequency and/or voltage for different loads such as variable speed drives and battery chargers. |
7,925 | Please write an abstract with title: A proxy-based framework to enhance user level performance of GPRS/UMTS networks, and key words: Ground penetrating radar, 3G mobile communication, Delay, Throughput, Optimal scheduling, IP networks, Wireless networks, Web and internet services, GSM, Bandwidth. Abstract: This paper presents a proxy-based framework for Internet access through GPRS/UMTS networks. The proxy, deployed at the network boundary, is able to employ some scheduling strategies to assist the wireless network in charge of incoming traffic according to system capacity and user demand. In particular, we investigate the system performance on flow level and consider the impact of some user behaviors. The objective is to maximize utilization of the network by exploiting the property of delay tolerance, and to improve user-level performance such as response time. In addition, the proxy splits TCP connections into two halves, the wired and wireless sides. The TCP stacks on the wireless-facing side of the proxy can be modified to enhance the performance over the wireless link, while keeping compatibility with the conventional TCP implementations on mobile hosts. The effectiveness of this approach is illustrated by analysis and simulations. |
7,926 | Please write an abstract with title: A Compact Online-Learning Spiking Neuromorphic Biosignal Processor, and key words: Power demand, Neuromorphic engineering, Wearable computers, Neural networks, Computer architecture, Medical services, Electrocardiography. Abstract: Real-time biosignal processing on wearable devices has attracted worldwide attention for its potential in healthcare applications. However, the requirement of low-area, low-power and high adaptability to different patients challenge conventional algorithms and hardware platforms. In this design, a compact online learning neuromorphic hardware architecture with ultralow power consumption designed explicitly for biosignal processing is proposed. A trace-based Spiking-Timing-Dependent-Plasticity (STDP) algorithm is applied to realize hardware-friendly online learning of a single-layer excitatory-inhibitory spiking neural network. Several techniques, including event-driven architecture and a fully optimized iterative computation approach, are adopted to minimize the hardware utilization and power consumption for the hardware implementation of online learning. Experiment results show that the proposed design reaches the accuracy of 87.36% and 83% for the Mixed National Institute of Standards and Technology database (MNIST) and ECG classification. The hardware architecture is implemented on a Zynq-7020 FPGA. Implementation results show that the Look-Up Table (LUT) and Flip Flops (FF) utilization reduced by 14.87 and 7.34 times, respectively, and the power consumption reduced by 21.69% compared to state of the art. |
7,927 | Please write an abstract with title: Reproducibility analysis of mobile robots movement by IMU sensor measurements, and key words: Legged locomotion, Accelerometers, Uncertainty, Robot kinematics, Robot sensing systems, Reproducibility of results, Gyroscopes. Abstract: Mobile robot control mechanism required robust solution due to the wide range of movement possibilities and environmental extremums. The reproducibility analysis helps to identify the uncertainty related to movement scenario and measurement unit, such as Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor. In this paper the reproducibility of accelerometer and gyroscope sensor signals were evaluated on repeated robot movements, which were collected on two mobile robots: a hexapod robot during walking and a quadcopter drone robot during flying. The scenario time scale variability was diminished by dynamic time warping in case of drone robot. The standard deviation of variability from mean signal reach 20-50% compared to the standard deviation of the typical signal. |
7,928 | Please write an abstract with title: Design and Implementation of Infrared Image Preprocessing System based on FPGA, and key words: Infrared detectors, Protocols, Image resolution, Detectors, Infrared imaging, Streaming media, Hardware. Abstract: Infrared image processing is a conventional topic, but the hardware design and implementation for infrared image processing algorithms are full of challanges, especially for special purpose infrared detectors which have customized interfaces and protocols. Moreover, some customized infrared detectors only generate the infrared image with very poor quality. Therefore, in this paper, we design and implement an infrared image preprocessing system based on FPGA for customized infrared detectors. We propose a hardware architecture that includes the whole process from the input of detector, image processing, to final infrared video stream output and display. Our hardware architecture is able to adapt to different customized infrared detectors, which has the characteristics of real-time, low-power, dynamic parameter configuration, high processing efficiency and stable imaging effect. We have implemented it on Xilinx FPGA. The infrared imaging effect is significantly improved with limited FPGA resources (about only 1.6M LUT, 420 BRAM for all algorithm models on Xilinx zc706 evaluation board), the image processing speed can reach to 225Hz with the resolution of 320*256. Our preprocessing system can generate real-time video for display with 1920*1080@60Hz. |
7,929 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis of phase noise of saturated ring oscillators, and key words: Phase noise, Ring oscillators, Low-frequency noise, Voltage-controlled oscillators, Time varying systems, Frequency, Time factors, Noise generators, Timing jitter, Delay. Abstract: An in-depth review of the methods for phase noise analysis of saturated ring oscillators is presented. The assumption and limitation of the methods are investigated in detail. The framework of an efficient analysis method for the phase noise of saturated ring VCOs is presented. The method is based on the theory of periodically time-varying systems, in particular, the response of periodically time-varying systems to stochastic inputs. We show that both the up-conversion of low-frequency noise and down-conversion of broadband noise can be treated conveniently. The method provides an insight on how device noise is converted to the overall phase noise (timing jitter) of saturated oscillators. |
7,930 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling and Performance Analysis for Ambient Backscattering Underlaying Cellular Networks, and key words: Backscatter, Transmitters, RF signals, Cellular networks, Downlink, Receivers, Radio frequency. Abstract: Ambient backscatter is an intriguing technology that enables ultra-low-power devices to communicate with each other by reflecting and modulating the existing pervasive RF signals, e.g., TV signals, WIFI signals, cellular signals, etc. This paper works on the mathematical modeling and performance analysis of ambient backscatter communications (AmBackComs) underlying cellular networks for Internet of Things applications. Based on the time switching (TS) and power splitting (PS) receiver architectures, two operating schemes are employed to enable energy harvesting and ambient backscattering at the ambient backscatter (AB) transmitter. In order to maximize the outage capacity for the AB transmitters, we formulate two optimization problems optimizing the TS and PS ratios. Two schemes with low complexity are proposed to obtain the near-optimal outage performance. Considering the coexistence of the AmBackComs and cellular downlink transmissions, successful transmission probabilities for AB transmitters and cellular downlink transmissions are both derived for the TS and PS schemes and provide insights on how various system parameters, such as the TS ratio, the PS ratio, the density of base stations (BSs)/AB transmitters, etc., impact the system performance. Numerical results show that the outage capacity for AmBackComs can be significantly improved by selecting a proper TS/PS ratio and our proposed schemes can achieve near-optimal outage capacities. The study also shows that many more ultra-low-power devices users can be connected via the proposed scheme at a cost of a slightly reduced overall network capacity. |
7,931 | Please write an abstract with title: An Efficient Plane-Waves Superposition Method for Improved Spatial Correlation in Simulated Reverberation Chambers, and key words: Spirals, Correlation, Biological system modeling, Reverberation chambers, Time-domain analysis, Solid modeling, Sampling methods, Numerical analysis, Rayleigh channels. Abstract: Accurate Rayleigh propagation environments within an ideal reverberation chamber (RC) are synthesized computationally using a superposition of plane-waves (PWs). Randomness in the electro-magnetic (EM) field distribution is achieved by synthesizing many field realizations featuring slant-polarized PWs with randomly defined transverse field components. These PWs propagate along a large number of predefined and uniformly distributed directions determined only once via an efficient spiraling sampling scheme over the unit sphere. Comparisons with theoretical Rayleigh field statistics indicate that the proposed method yields random EM field distributions that in several cases follow more closely the field spatial correlation properties, for comparable numerical burden, than other available numerical techniques. Finally, a formula relating the number of PWs to the size of a desired RC analysis volume was provided. |
7,932 | Please write an abstract with title: Mr. Fusion: a programmable data fusion middleware subsystem with a tunable statistical profiling service, and key words: Middleware, Voting, Network servers, Intrusion detection, Monitoring, Sensor fusion, Fuses, Logic, Motion pictures, Computer science. Abstract: Voting is the process of combining multiple replies from replicated servers into a single reply. Data fusion is similar to but more general than voting. In data fusion, the input sources are not necessarily replicated servers, hence the inputs exhibit greater variance. Data fusion is a fundamental building block in distributed systems. It occurs in diverse contexts such as consensus, sensor networks, intrusion detection, and hierarchical resource monitoring, among others. This paper describes Mr. Fusion, a framework that provides data fusion in middleware. The heart of Mr. Fusion is a Fusion Core module that provides mechanisms for programming a wide variety of data fusion algorithms. Another part is a Fusion Status Service that monitors low-level outputs from the Fusion Core and alerts subscribers to divergent values or timings. The implementation borrows techniques from data warehousing and data mining. |
7,933 | Please write an abstract with title: Breathmonitor: Sleep Apnea Mobile Detector, and key words: Accelerometers, Technological innovation, Transducers, Sociology, Machine learning, Sleep apnea, Convolutional neural networks. Abstract: This paper describes the on-line AI system for diagnosis and monitoring sleep apnea at home, based on the processing of human respiratory signals from an accelerometer and pressure transducer composition by using Deep machine learning and alternative louder analytics |
7,934 | Please write an abstract with title: Analysis on the Development of Cloud Security using Privacy Attribute Data Sharing, and key words: Privacy, Data privacy, Costs, Codes, Solids, Safety, Information and communication technology. Abstract: The data sharing is a helpful and financial assistance provided by CC. Information substance security also rises out of it since the information is moved to some cloud workers. To ensure the sensitive and important data; different procedures are utilized to improve access manage on collective information. Here strategies, Cipher text-policyattribute based encryption (CP-ABE) might create it very helpful and safe. The conventionalCP-ABE concentrates on information privacy only; whereas client's personal security protection is a significant problem as of now. CP-ABE byhidden access (HA) strategy makes sure information privacy and ensures that client's protection isn't exposed also. Nevertheless, the vast majority of the current plans are ineffectivein correspondence overhead and calculation cost. In addition, the vast majority of thismechanism takes no thought regardingabilityauthenticationor issue of security spillescapein abilityverificationstage. To handle the issues referenced over, a security protectsCP-ABE methodby proficient influenceauthenticationis presented in this manuscript. Furthermore, its privacy keys accomplish consistent size. In the meantime, the suggestedplan accomplishes the specific safetyin decisional n-BDHE issue and decisional direct presumption. The computational outcomes affirm the benefits of introduced method. |
7,935 | Please write an abstract with title: Non-contact C-V and photoluminscence measurements for More-than-Moore SOI devices, and key words: Semiconductor device measurement, Capacitance-voltage characteristics, Silicon-on-insulator, Photoluminescence, Dielectric measurement, Silicon, Capacitance measurement. Abstract: A number of More-than-Moore (MtM) devices use Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) wafers, including power devices and CMOS image sensors. Non-contact capacitance-voltage (CV) and photoluminescence measurements are well established for characterization of dielectrics and minority carrier lifetime on bulk Si wafers. In this study, we extend these measurements to More-Than-Moore (MtM) Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) device wafers. |
7,936 | Please write an abstract with title: A low-power DCT IP core based on 2D algebraic integer encoding, and key words: Discrete cosine transforms, Encoding, Video compression, Energy consumption, Testing, Transform coding, Personal digital assistants, Hardware, Equations, Polynomials. Abstract: This paper discusses the application of a new two dimensional algebraic integer encoding scheme for the design of a DCT processor core for JPEG and MPEG applications. The paper concentrates on the efficient implementation of a 2D algebraic integer encoding procedure. The processor takes advantage of the low complexity, multiplierless, high-precision nature of the algebraic integer encoding scheme to achieve low power consumption. Test results from a proof-of-concept 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS 8/spl times/8 DCT chip demonstrate a low power dissipation of 7.5 mW at 75 MHz. |
7,937 | Please write an abstract with title: Model Predictive Control for Stand-alone Half-bridge Inverter, and key words: renewable energy, MPC, inverter control, half bridge inverter, stand-alone. Abstract: With the rapid proliferation of distributed power generators within power networks, the escalating randomness and fluctuations present numerous challenges to both energy quality and the stable operation of these networks. Addressing these issues necessitates comprehensive research into the control of distributed power inverters. This not only facilitates the resolution of diverse challenges accompanying distributed power integration with the grid but also harnesses the inherent benefits of distributed power to ameliorate societal and environmental concerns, while concurrently fostering economic gains. This study aims to advance the field by introducing a model predictive control (MPC) framework tailored for a single-phase half-bridge inverter. The endeavor encompasses the development of a precise mathematical model for the inverter, followed by the formulation of control strategies for both grid-connected and stand-alone operational scenarios, rooted in the principles of MPC. The envisaged outcome is a robust control methodology, poised to exhibit superior resilience. |
7,938 | Please write an abstract with title: Scattering and radiation characteristics of step discontinuity in grounded planar chirowaveguide, and key words: Optical scattering, Waveguide components, Optical waveguides, Transmission line matrix methods, Waveguide discontinuities, Electromagnetic waveguides, Planar waveguides, Planar transmission lines, Transmission line theory, Power transmission lines. Abstract: Scattering and radiation characteristics of step discontinuity in the grounded planar chirowaveguide are investigated by a method, which transforms the radiation problem into the transmission problem of eigenmode in the waveguide partially filled with chiral medium. In the analysis, we also make use of the method that combines the multimode network theory with a rigorous mode matching procedure. The power of reflected and radiated wave and especially the radiation pattern are presented for various chirality parameters and step heights when incident wave is the fundamental mode. As a result, radiation can be enhanced due to the effect of chirality, and the step height has significant influence on the radiation characteristics. |
7,939 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Ultrasonic Isolation Wireless Power Supply for Gate Drive Circuit of Module Multi-level Converter, and key words: Wireless communication, Multilevel converters, Power supplies, RLC circuits, Voltage, Predictive models, Acoustics. Abstract: This paper designs an ultrasonic isolated wireless power supply for the gate drive circuit of multi-level converter H-bridge inverter, basing on ultrasonic wireless power transmission (USWPT) technology. Firstly, COMSOL model is used to simulate the coupling transmission medium and its size. Then loss circuit model is used to calculate and predict the USWPT receiving side output voltage. Finally, the experiment proves that the resonant compensation circuit designed can effectively improve the output power of USWPT system. The designed ultrasonic isolated wireless power supply can stably provide about 15V DC voltage for 180 Ω~250 Ω load when it works at 43.7 kHz. |
7,940 | Please write an abstract with title: A Bypassable Scan Flip-Flop for Low Power Testing With Data Retention Capability, and key words: Latches, Flip-flops, Combinational circuits, Logic gates, Clocks, Transistors, Computer architecture. Abstract: The power consumption of modern highly complex chips during scan test is significantly higher than the power consumed during functional mode. This leads to substantial heat dissipation, excessive IR drop, and unrealistic timing failures of the integrated circuits (ICs) under test. In this brief, a ByPassable Scan Data Retention Flip-Flop (BPS-DRFF) is proposed for low-power IC test. The proposed flip-flop contains two secondary latches. The output of the “function” secondary latch goes to the following combinational circuits, while the other “shadow” secondary latch is used to shift test vectors during scan test. By gating the output of the function secondary latch, the redundant switching activity in the combinational circuits is eliminated during scan shift, thereby reducing the test power consumption significantly. The suppressed switching activity also leads to lower IR drop across the chip, increasing the chip manufacturing yield. Furthermore, the shadow latch is reused for data retention in the sleep mode while performing power gating, thereby alleviating the area cost of the shadow latch. The proposed BPS-DRFF also eases the hold time sign-off in the test mode due to the elongated clock-to-Q contamination delay that is brought in by the shadow latch. The proposed design is applied to an AES-128 crypto core in a UMC 55-nm low power CMOS technology. Experiment results show that 68.5% power is saved during scan test with the proposed BPS-DRFF, compared to the standard scan retention flip-flop. |
7,941 | Please write an abstract with title: Hybridizing particle filters and population-based metaheuristics for dynamic optimization problems, and key words: Particle filters, Optimization methods, Bayesian methods, Heuristic algorithms, Monte Carlo methods, Filtering, State estimation, Time measurement, Particle measurements, Particle scattering. Abstract: Many real-world optimization problems are dynamic. These problems require from powerful methods to adapt to problem modifications over time. Most applied research on metaheuristics has focused on static (non-changing) optimization problems and these methods often lack from adaptation strategies. Particle filters are sequential Monte Carlo estimation methods which can be applied to Bayesian filtering for nonlinear and non-Gaussian discrete-time dynamic models. In this paper, we propose a general method to hybridize population-based metaheuristics (PBM) and particle filters (PF). The aim of this method is to naturally devise to effective hybrid algorithms to solve dynamic optimization problems by exploiting the benefits of both approaches. Derived algorithms cleverly combine PF and PBM frameworks. As particular examples, two different effective algorithms, named path relinking particle filter (PRPF) and scatter search particle filter (SSPF) are respectively derived from the proposed hybridization method. Finally, efficient applications of these instantiated algorithms to different dynamic problems are also presented. |
7,942 | Please write an abstract with title: SAIEE annual banquet, and key words: Coal, Oils, Production, Silicon, Petroleum, Liquids, Sugar industry. Abstract: The Annual Banquet was held at the Wanderers Club, Johannesburg, on Friday, 9 November, 1979, at 19h30. The President, Dr R B Anderson, was in the Chair and 460 members and guests attended. |
7,943 | Please write an abstract with title: Abnormal Behavioral Pattern Detection in Closed-Loop Robotic Systems for Zero-Day Deceptive Threats, and key words: Measurement, Service robots, Intrusion detection, Vehicular ad hoc networks, Industrial engineering, Cyber-physical systems, Manufacturing. Abstract: In recent years, attacks against cyber-physical systems have become increasingly frequent and widespread. The inventiveness of such attacks increases significantly. In particular, zero-day attacks are widely used. The rapid development of the industrial Internet of things, the expansion of the application areas of service robots, the advent of the Internet of vehicles and the Internet of military things have led to a significant increase of attention to deceptive attacks. Especially great threat is posed by deceptive attacks that do not use hiding malicious components. Such attacks can naturally be used against robotic systems. In this paper, we consider an approach to the development of an intrusion detection system for closed-loop robotic systems. The system is based on an abnormal behavioral pattern detection technique. The system can be used for detection of zero-day deceptive attacks. We provide an experimental comparison of our approach and other behaviorbased intrusion detection systems. |
7,944 | Please write an abstract with title: RFID E-Plate Data based Bus Travel Time Prediction Considering Traffic Flow Diversion Rate, and key words: Radiofrequency identification, Roads, Kalman filters, Covariance matrices, Mathematical model, Heuristic algorithms, Global Positioning System. Abstract: The conventional bus travel time prediction (bus-TTP) generally utilizes the Global Position System (GPS), video detection, etc. However, they are vulnerable to ambient, weather, illuminance, electromagnetic interferences or other additional factors. To improve the performance of TTP, we study the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) electronic license plate (E-Plate) data based bus-TTP and proposed an improved Kalman filter (i.e., the Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter, AEKF) algorithm considering traffic flow diversion rate (TFDR). Firstly, the RFID readers mounted on road gantry read the critical information from the electronic tag deployed on vehicles. Secondly, the received traffic information is modulated and demodulated as the available information. Finally, the proposed bus-TTP algorithm is used to predict bus travel time, which makes the predicted bus travel time better approach the actual value. The experimental results show that the AEKF algorithm Considering TFDR improves the dynamic performance of the filtering and better inhibits the filtering divergence process in the case of bus travel time changing abruptly during rush hours. |
7,945 | Please write an abstract with title: DAAD: architectural acoustic simulation software, and key words: Acoustical engineering, Ray tracing, Computer aided manufacturing, CADCAM, Virtual manufacturing. Abstract: Details are presented of the DAAD (Dokuz Eylu/spl uml/l Architectural Acoustic Design Group) computer software, which provides a calculation of the acoustic parameters of rooms. The software is capable of modelling, at the receiver location, the characteristics of a sound emitted from a source; it uses the ray tracing method and calculates the acoustic parameters defined in ISO 3382. The paper also presents the results we have obtained with DAAD and provides a comparison with previous work in this area. |
7,946 | Please write an abstract with title: Temporal coherence properties of picosecond pulses generated by GaAlAs semiconductor lasers for directly modulated and frequency stabilized optical communication systems, and key words: Optical pulse generation, Pulse modulation, Laser stability, Semiconductor lasers, Frequency modulation, Optical fiber communication, Pulse measurements, Laser modes, Coherence, Chirp modulation. Abstract: The temporal coherence properties of picosecond pulses from GaAlAs semiconductor lasers have been studied by measuring first- and second-order autocorrelation functions with a Michelson interferometer. The time-bandwidth product and chirp have been evaluated for several different laser structures and frequency stabilization schemes. Time-bandwidth products from 1.2 for a CSP laser to 3.6 for a TJS laser were obtained with operating conditions representative of high-speed communication systems. Computer simulations based on the rate equations have been used to model the temporal coherence during the pulse and they show good agreement with our measurements. The results show that it is important to select the appropriate laser structure and stabilization scheme in applications where the temporal coherence is significant for system performance. |
7,947 | Please write an abstract with title: Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis Based on Stacking Technology, and key words: Support vector machines, Training, Machine learning algorithms, Computational modeling, Stacking, Neural networks, Machine learning. Abstract: Machine learning algorithms are widely used in the medical field. In the field of cardiovascular disease research, machine learning can be used for assisted diagnosis. In this paper, a model was built to use stacking technology to fuse logistic regression, support vector machine and BP neural network. Then cardiovascular disease dataset was used to solve the problem of how to improve the accuracy of cardiovascular disease diagnosis and shorten the diagnosis time. In the data collection, half of the patients were ill, and half were not. Most of them were male. Patients `ages, heights and weights were not the same. They were low in cholesterol and glucose, had no smoking or drinking habits, and most of them had physical labor. The model accuracy and F1 score trained with stacking technology are the highest, with a large increase. When training the model, we could get an auxiliary diagnostic accuracy higher than that of machine learning model using a certain algorithm alone without too many adjustments and feature selection. Its results are more accurate, greatly improving the accuracy of doctors in clinical diagnosis, and shortening the diagnostic time, so that patients can be treated in time. |
7,948 | Please write an abstract with title: An adaptation of ridge regression for improved estimation of kinetic model parameters from PET studies, and key words: Kinetic theory, Positron emission tomography, Parameter estimation, Mean square error methods, Bayesian methods, Least squares approximation, Cancer, Statistics, Nuclear and plasma sciences, Context modeling. Abstract: The quantitative analysis of dynamic PET data to obtain kinetic constants in compartmental models involves the use of non-linear weighted least squares regression. Current estimation techniques often have poor mean square error estimation properties. Ridge regression is a technique for improving parameter estimation accuracy in ordinary linear regression. This technique has been found to have potential for improving mean square error when adapted to the nonlinear PET estimation problem. The effectiveness of ridge regression in this context, however, relies heavily on the correct selection of an unknown biasing parameter and the precise specification of a penalty function. In this study, an approach is explored for improving the effectiveness of ridge regression by incorporation of more rigorous Bayesian formulations for specification of the ridge penalty function. Using a variance component model, a prior covariance for the ridge penalty term is developed. Application of the resulting ridge estimation technique shows that the use of the Bayesian formulation for the penalty can reduce current ridge regression parameter loss by up to 19%. An adaptive approach to the selection of the biasing parameter is also developed. |
7,949 | Please write an abstract with title: NewsRec, a SVM-driven Personal Recommendation System for News Websites, and key words: Web pages, Information filtering, Navigation, Abstracts, Information filters, Books, Robots, Frequency, Absorption, Web and internet services. Abstract: Fast absorption of information is a necessity for modern information workers. In the short-lived news area, information is a perishable good. While online news websites can speed up the publication of current events compared to traditional newspapers, reading can be more exhausting as online readers have to navigate through websites by clicking on abstracts or headlines before viewing the underlying article. Online shops use personalization methods in order to improve product selection. So far, most types of personalization are offered by website owners and are therefore bound to a specific website. This work presents NewsRec, a client side personal recommendation system for news websites, that supports information workers during their usage of online news websites. Design aspects are discussed and empirical results are shown. |
7,950 | Please write an abstract with title: Emotion Correlation Mining Through Deep Learning Models on Natural Language Text, and key words: Correlation, Emotion recognition, Social networking (online), Task analysis, Brain modeling, Deep learning, Feature extraction. Abstract: Emotion analysis has been attracting researchers’ attention. Most previous works in the artificial-intelligence field focus on recognizing emotion rather than mining the reason why emotions are not or wrongly recognized. The correlation among emotions contributes to the failure of emotion recognition. In this article, we try to fill the gap between emotion recognition and emotion correlation mining through natural language text from Web news. The correlation among emotions, expressed as the confusion and evolution of emotion, is primarily caused by human emotion cognitive bias. To mine emotion correlation from emotion recognition through text, three kinds of features and two deep neural-network models are presented. The emotion confusion law is extracted through an orthogonal basis. The emotion evolution law is evaluated from three perspectives: one-step shift, limited-step shifts, and shortest path transfer. The method is validated using three datasets: 1) the titles; 2) the bodies; and 3) the comments of news articles, covering both objective and subjective texts in varying lengths (long and short). The experimental results show that in subjective comments, emotions are easily mistaken as anger. Comments tend to arouse emotion circulations of love–anger and sadness–anger. In objective news, it is easy to recognize text emotion as love and cause fear–joy circulation. These findings could provide insights for applications regarding affective interaction, such as network public sentiment, social media communication, and human–computer interaction. |
7,951 | Please write an abstract with title: Enhancing Scalability of Trusted Blockchains through Optimal Sharding, and key words: Fault tolerance, Scalability, Conferences, Fault tolerant systems, Optimization methods, Blockchains, Delays. Abstract: Sharding technology has been rapidly developed to improve blockchain scalability in recent years. However, in practical applications, a blockchain sharding system may face such issues as malicious node attacks and large cross-shard communications. An optimization method is thus demanded to improve their sharding performance. Based on the status and behavioral data of shard nodes stored in a trusted blockchain, can node trust be calculated and used to improve a sharding-based blockchain’s security? To answer this question, this work presents a sharding model to optimize fault tolerance ratio, the number of cross-shard transactions, and shard trust. Its application to a blockchain system can help it improve the credibility of its shard transaction processing and reduce its transaction delay, thereby enhancing the scalability of over the state of the art. Some open issues are discussed. |
7,952 | Please write an abstract with title: A Rule Reasoning Method and Its Application, and key words: Rough sets, Knowledge representation, Data mining, Set theory, Machine learning, Feature extraction, Optimization methods, Virtual prototyping, Context modeling, Induction generators. Abstract: In this paper we present a rule reasoning method, which is based on rough sets theory, for inducing rules from examples. The key idea of the method is that it combines a criterion of the dependency degree of attributes with decision makers’ priori knowledge to select attributes of objects. Especially, it uses a compound weights algorithm to perform a proper reduction owing to several reductions that each rule can have and select the most effective attribute subset. As a result, a practical and effective reduced knowledge rule set can be acquired. |
7,953 | Please write an abstract with title: Animation as a Creative Industry: State of The Art, and key words: Industries, Ecosystems, Supply chains, Production, Intellectual property, Animation, Outsourcing. Abstract: The creative economy created by creative activities has proven to have a very large role in global economic development. The creative economy or creative industry is almost the same, but each country has a different definition and different types of sub-sectors. From this diversity, Animation is included in the sub-sector of the creative industry in each country. In its development, Animation as part of the creative industry has its uniqueness. This study presents the State of The Art of Animation as part of the creative industry. It is based on the analysis and literature study, discussing several topics, namely Computer Animation, including the development of animation technology. Then discuss the Animation Industry covers the supply chain and production process, and Animation as a Creative Industry discusses the business processes, especially in several developing countries and Southeast Asia. The findings demonstrate that animation as a creative industry offers an interesting landscape for animation productions, both in terms of outsourcing services and original Intellectual Property creations. |
7,954 | Please write an abstract with title: Sampling Methods, and key words: Statistics, Sociology, Estimation, Systematics, Manufacturing, Finite element analysis, Terminology. Abstract: Sampling is a matter of routine, and the effects of the outcomes can be felt in our day‐to‐day lives. This chapter discusses four different sample designs: simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, systematic random sampling, and cluster random sampling from a finite population. The primary objective of sampling is to make inferences about population parameters using information contained in a sample taken from that population. Simple random sampling is the most basic form of sampling design. There are two techniques to take a simple random sample from a finite population: sampling with replacement and sampling without replacement. In stratified random sampling, the population is divided into different non‐overlapping groups called strata. Systematic random sampling design may be the easiest method of selecting a random sample. Cluster sampling is not only cost‐effective but also a time‐saver, since collecting data from adjoining units is cheaper, easier, and quicker than if the sampling units are spread out. |
7,955 | Please write an abstract with title: Performance Diagnosis and Optimization for Hyperledger Fabric, and key words: Runtime, Distributed ledger, Throughput, Fabrics, Real-time systems, Hardware, Blockchains. Abstract: Hyperledger Fabric is a permissioned blockchain platform which can solve the trustless problems among enterprises. However, the limited transaction throughput prevents the further use of Fabric platform. The performance of Fabric network depends on many factors, such as network parameters, node numbers and hardware limitations. In order to improve the performance of runtime Fabric network, this paper proposed a solution for performance diagnosis and optimization. We conduct lots of performance testing and collect the analysis rules of performance bottleneck. For runtime network, we monitor the performance data, node resources and network parameters in real time. Then we diagnose the performance health and analyze the reasons which cause the bottleneck. Finally, we dynamically tune the network parameters to adapt the network environment. Besides, we provide some suggestions for network maintainer to improve the performance. |
7,956 | Please write an abstract with title: Accelerated tests to determine the reliability of the cable-encapsulant interface, and key words: Life estimation, Testing, Cable shielding, Capacitive sensors, Temperature, Moisture, Adhesives, Thermal expansion, Failure analysis, Absorption. Abstract: Encapsulants are mainly used with the cable in various outdoor products, to act as barriers against the operating environment. In some applications, the encapsulants can also be used to provide strain relief for the cable. The reliability of the cable-encapsulant interface is critical for product functionality as well as its long-term reliability. The reliability of this interface depends on the cable and encapsulant chemistry, their interaction, process conditions and other properties like the glass transition temperature (T/sub g/), hardness, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) etc. This reliability is usually determined as part of the final product tests. This is very time-consuming and can lead to appreciable loss of design time, especially when failures are discovered at the end. This study has developed quick screening tests which can optimize the process conditions and reasonably determine the reliability of the cable-encapsulant interface, without testing the entire product. The failure at this interface is mainly due to cracking of the cable. The failure mechanism is influenced by the exothermic reaction, cure temperature, hardness and adhesive properties of the encapsulant. The results of these tests have also been correlated to conventional accelerated product tests like ALT, 85/85 to determine their product applicability. Thereby, these tests could be used as a screening tool for the various cable-potting combinations at the start of the design, thus reducing the design time and achieving the required reliability and optimum process conditions. |
7,957 | Please write an abstract with title: Augmentative Alternative Communication System in educational inclusion, and key words: Systematics, Communication systems, Assistive technology, Education, Gesture recognition, Auditory system, Tools. Abstract: Social inclusion and the different challenges faced by children with hearing disabilities from early childhood are due to a not very inclusive education. It is necessary to develop various tools and technologies that allow and guarantee integration. This article shows a systematic review about alternative augmentative communication systems (SAAC) for children, which aims to develop a Virtual Learning Object (OVA) aimed at teachers, to strengthen their skills in Colombian Sign Language (LSC), according to the curriculum for various grades of schooling, which allow strengthening the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in educational inclusion. |
7,958 | Please write an abstract with title: Fingerprint and Signature Authentication System using CNN, and key words: Fingerprint recognition, Authentication, Computer architecture, Real-time systems, Neural networks, Field programmable gate arrays, Conferences. Abstract: An authentication system to recognize fingerprint and signature is proposed. The system is implemented on embedded processor to enable real time application Deep learning algorithm is used to validate the signature and fingerprint. The real time response is compared with different neural network architectures on the processor. |
7,959 | Please write an abstract with title: An Effective Point Cloud Classification Method Based on Improved Non-local Neural Networks, and key words: Point cloud compression, Deep learning, Shape, Conferences, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Benchmark testing. Abstract: Deep learning is an important method to deal with point cloud, but its ability is limited to extract local features of point cloud. Many deep learning networks are designed to capture the local information, but they ignore the importance of non-local features to the point cloud. This paper proposes an improved non-local neural networks for point cloud classification. The non-local module can extract local and non-local features of the point cloud simultaneously. The local information is obtained based on the feature distance between neighborhood points searched by k-nearest neighbor method. The extracted local features are integrated into the non-local network, which can capture non-local features from the entire point cloud. The designed non-local module can be easily inserted into the existing point cloud processing network. The proposed method is evaluated on well-known ModelNet40 shape classification benchmark. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a significant improvement in classification accuracy. |
7,960 | Please write an abstract with title: Temporal Attention-Augmented Graph Convolutional Network for Efficient Skeleton-Based Human Action Recognition, and key words: Network topology, Computational modeling, Benchmark testing, Skeleton, Data models, Distance measurement, Pattern recognition. Abstract: Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have been very successful in modeling non-Euclidean data structures, like sequences of body skeletons forming actions modeled as spatiotemporal graphs. Most GCN-based action recognition methods use deep feed-forward networks with high computational complexity to process all skeletons in an action. This leads to a high number of floating point operations (ranging from 16G to 100G FLOPs) to process a single sample, making their adoption in restricted computation application scenarios infeasible. In this paper, we propose a temporal attention module (TAM) for increasing the efficiency in skeleton-based action recognition by selecting the most informative skeletons of an action at the early layers of the network. We incorporate the TAM in a lightweight GCN topology to further reduce the overall number of computations. Experimental results on two benchmark datasets show that the proposed method outperforms with a large margin the baseline GCN-based method while having ×2.9 less number of computations. Moreover, it performs on par with the state-of-the-art with up to ×9.6 less number of computations. |
7,961 | Please write an abstract with title: Multichannel Clutter Modeling, Analysis, and Suppression for Missile-Borne Radar Systems, and key words: Clutter, Spaceborne radar, Radar clutter, Spinning, Missiles, Doppler radar, Doppler effect. Abstract: When a missile-borne radar system works in downward-looking surveillance mode, the broadened ground clutter signal in virtue of platform high-speed motion will be received by the radar receiver, which will cause difficulty in moving target detection and attacking. Unlike airborne and spaceborne platforms, a missile-borne platform exhibits some unique motion characteristics, such as diving, spinning, and coning, causing the clutter space–time distribution property significantly different from those of airborne and spaceborne radar platforms. In addition, the forward target striking requirements make the missile-borne clutter space–time spectrum further exhibit the severe range-dependent property. To deal with these issues, accurate motion modeling of a missile-borne radar platform is first carried out in this article, where the complex platform motions including forward-looking diving, spinning, and coning are considered. Then, the autocorrelation processing combined with iterative adaptive approach is applied to estimate the clutter angle-Doppler center frequencies, so as to effectively realize the clutter nonstationary compensation along spatial and temporal directions. Finally, a time-domain sliding window-based subspace projection method is proposed to achieve the robust clutter suppression. Both simulation and real-measured radar data processing results are presented to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm. |
7,962 | Please write an abstract with title: A Method of Obtaining Micro Newton Calibration Force, and key words: Sensitivity, Uncertainty, Force, Air gaps, Electromagnetic forces, Electromagnets, Generators. Abstract: In order to obtain high-precision micro Newton electromagnetic calibration force, a micro Newton electromagnetic force generator is designed and implemented in this paper. Based on the principle of electromagnetic force generation, the sensitivity of each control variable to the influence of electromagnetic force is analyzed. Two parameters of electromagnet and the main control quantity of electromagnetic force are determined. An electromagnetic calibration device based on electronic balance is designed, which can adjust the current and air gap thickness at the same time. The experiment results show that the device can produce 100 ~ 2000 μN, The maximum resolution is 8 μN. The design result has a certain practical value. |
7,963 | Please write an abstract with title: Design of Cadets Administration System for Nusantara Cilacap Maritime Academy Based On Website, and key words: Computer science, Computer languages, Databases, Scholarships, Computational modeling, User interfaces, Mobile applications. Abstract: Submitting permits and registering for scholarships are activities often conducted by cadets at the Cilacap Nusantara Maritime Academy. All activities carried out are still conventional, with the cadets having to come straight to the permit and scholarship registration. To overcome this, a website-based management system was set up by the Nusantara Cilacap Maritime Academy. The system development method used is the waterfall model. The programming language used is PHP with a MySQL database and CodeIgniter framework. Evaluation methods are using BlackBox testing for the system and eight golden rules for the user interface. The result of this research is the development of a website-based management system for the Nusantara Cilacap Maritime Academy. This research concludes that the Cilacap Nusantara Maritime Academy's administrative system can increase the efficiency of time for filing permits and writing letters. |
7,964 | Please write an abstract with title: Variability-Aware Thermal Simulation using CNNs, and key words: Thermal management of electronics, Solid modeling, Adaptation models, Three-dimensional displays, Runtime, Graphics processing units, Estimation. Abstract: With rising power densities in modern-day electronic systems, temperature has emerged as a fundamental design constraint. This has led to the advent of a range of thermal-aware design and runtime management techniques. However, such techniques are heavily dependent on a fast and accurate thermal modeling method. These methods need to account for manufacturing variability, that significantly impacts the chip's power and performance. Similarly, leakage power too contributes to a substantial portion of the total power. Thus a thermal modeling method can be accurate only if it is capable of incorporating the effects of process variation as well as leakage power. In this paper, we propose a simple and elegant residual convolutional neural network for thermal estimation in the presence of variability, which leverages the physics of heat transfer. Our approach is capable of modeling modern-day 3D chips with microchannels and incorporates accurate leakage power models. To enable ultra-fast thermal estimation, we implement our technique on a GPU. Our experiments show that our technique is orders of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art with a similar, if not better, accuracy. The mean absolute error using our technique is 0.61°C, for a maximum temperature rise of 67.5°C (0.9%). |
7,965 | Please write an abstract with title: Collate: Collaborative Neural Network Learning for Latency-Critical Edge Systems, and key words: Training, Data privacy, Heuristic algorithms, Computational modeling, Neural networks, Collaboration, Training data. Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) empowers multiple clients to collaboratively learn a model, enlarging the training data of each client for high accuracy while protecting data privacy. However, when deploying FL in real-time edge systems, the heterogeneity of devices among systems has a severe impact on the performance of the inferred model. Existing optimizations on FL focus on improving the training efficiency but fail to speed up inference, especially when there is a latency constraint. In this work, we propose Collate, a novel training framework that collaboratively learns heterogeneous models to meet the latency constraints of multiple edge systems simultaneously. We design a dynamic zeroizing-recovering method to adjust each local model architecture for high accuracy under its latency constraint. A proto-corrected federated aggregation scheme is also introduced to aggregate all heterogeneous local models, satisfying the latency constraint of different systems with only one training process and maintaining high accuracy. Extensive experiments indicate that, compared to state-of-the-art methods and under a latency constraint, our extended models can improve the accuracy by 1.96% on average, and our shrunk models can also obtain a 3.09% accuracy improvement on average, with almost no extra training overhead. The related codes and data will be available at https://github.com/ntuliuteam/Collate. |
7,966 | Please write an abstract with title: Zero-Overhead Protection for CNN Weights, and key words: Sensitivity, Network topology, Bit error rate, Memory management, Fault tolerant systems, Very large scale integration, Robustness. Abstract: The numerical format used for representing weights and activations plays a key role in the computational efficiency and robustness of CNNs. Recently, a 16-bit floating point format called Brain-Float 16 (bf16) has been proposed and implemented in hardware accelerators. However, the robustness of accelerators implemented with this format has not yet been studied. In this paper, we perform a comparison of the robustness of state-of-the art CNNs implemented with 8-bit integer, Brain-Float 16 and 32-bit floating point formats. We also introduce an error detection and masking technique, called opportunistic parity (OP), which can detect and mask errors in the weights with zero storage overhead. With this technique, the robustness of floating point weights to bit-flips can be improved by up to three orders of magnitude. |
7,967 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling Image Quality Score Distribution Using Alpha Stable Model, and key words: Image quality, Support vector machines, Analytical models, Databases, Conferences, Predictive models, Gaussian distribution. Abstract: In recent years, image quality is generally described by a mean opinion score (MOS). However, we observe that an image’s quality ratings given by a group of subjects may not follow a Gaussian distribution and the image quality can not be fully described by a MOS. In this paper, we propose to describe the image quality using a parameterized distribution rather than a MOS, and an objective method is also proposed to predict the image quality score distribution (IQSD). Specifically, we selected 100 images from the LIVE database and invited a large group of subjects to evaluate the quality of these images. By analyzing the subjective quality ratings, we find that the IQSD can be well modeled by an alpha stable model and this model can reflect much more information than MOS. Therefore, we propose an algorithm to model the IQSD described by an alpha stable model. Features are extracted from images based on natural scene statistics and support vector regressors are trained to predict the IQSD described by an alpha stable model. We validate the proposed IQSD prediction model on the collected subjective quality ratings. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in modeling the IQSD. |
7,968 | Please write an abstract with title: Application of Tools of Quality Function Deployment and Modified Balanced Scorecard for Optimal Allocation of Pavement Management Resources, and key words: Quality function deployment, Tools, Maintenance engineering, Industries, Organizations, Technological innovation, Roads. Abstract: Pavement management is a set of tools used to evaluate and maintain pavements so that the pavements can be used safely and effectively over a certain period. Many traditional methods were and are still being used by entities related to pavement management to increase the efficiency of management in decision-making and in coordinating the different activities that have a direct impact on pavement systems. Most of the pavement management entities are driven by optimization models that allow the optimization of a single objective. There is no specific method that focuses on analyzing and prioritizing multiple pavement perspectives in view of financial goals. This paper aims to provide the pavement management sector with a new methodology that prioritizes various pavement perspectives in view of financial perspectives. This prioritization would lead to a better assessment of multiple pavement management goals. The quality function deployment (QFD) and balanced scorecard (BSC) were adopted and modified to achieve the study objectives. Consequently, the outcome of QFD-BSC analysis is studied in the Fishbone Diagram and Cause-Effect Analysis to graphically present how significant factors in four perspectives will lead to better financial goals in the pavement management industry. Prioritization of pavement goals would help better to allocate optimal resources by pavement management professionals. |
7,969 | Please write an abstract with title: A Hybrid Arabic Text Summarization Approach based on Transformers, and key words: Support vector machines, Deep learning, Organizations, Metadata, Transformers, Ubiquitous computing, Feature extraction. Abstract: Recently, the amount of data in the world has increased tremendously. Most of the research and efforts have focused on dealing with data in the English language. Dealing with data in other languages, such as Arabic, has become a significant challenge. In this paper, we proposed a sequential hybrid model based on a transformer to summarize Arabic articles. We used two main approaches of summarization to make our model. The First one is the extractive approach which depends on the most important sentences from the articles as it is to be the summary, so we used more than word embedding techniques to help us know which sentences are more important and by using Deep Learning techniques specifically transformers such as AraBert we make our summary, The second one is abstractive, and this approach is similar to human summarization, which means that the machine can use some words which have the same meaning but are not found in the original text. We apply this kind of summary using the MT5 Arabic pre-trained transformer model. We sequentially applied these two summarization approaches to build our A3SUT hybrid model. The output of the extractive module is fed into the abstractive module. We enhanced the summary's quality to be closer to the human summary by applying this approach. We tested our model on the ESAC dataset and evaluated the extractive summary using the Rouge score technique; we got a precision of 0.5348 and a recall of 0.5515, and an f1 score of 0.4932 and the evaluation of the abstractive model is evaluated by user satisfaction. We add some features to our summary to make it more understandable and accessible by applying the metadata generation task” data about data” and classification. By applying metadata generation, we add facilities and support to our summary, identification, and summary organization. Metadata also captures and provides essential contextual details, as not all summaries are self-describing. Also, classify the original text to determine the summary topic before reading. We acquire 97.5% accuracy by using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and trained it using NADA corpus. |
7,970 | Please write an abstract with title: Data Monitoring Technology for Testing Process of New Generation Dispatching and Control System, and key words: Process control, Data aggregation, Control systems, Software, Dispatching, Real-time systems, Data models. Abstract: Application function of new generation dispatching and control system needs to be tested before online running. A functional testing environment for new generation of control system is constructed. The data monitoring and performance monitoring software of the testing process is deployed on the simulation server, the new generation monitoring system, and the new generation analysis decision center. Multi-source data information are aggregated and analyzed to comprehensively monitor the testing data, testing processes and indicators, so that the application of dispatching and control system can be evaluated more objectively. |
7,971 | Please write an abstract with title: Automatic generation of dubbing video slides for mobile wireless environment, and key words: Voltage control, Bandwidth, Mobile computing, Wireless networks, Decoding, Video compression, Trajectory, Computer science, Feedback, Mobile communication. Abstract: Mobile wireless video delivery is still challenging due to its limited bandwidth and dynamic channel status. In this paper, a novel approach named dubbing video slides (DVS) is proposed to cope with the bandwidth limitation problem. Based on a statistical video content importance analysis, DVS method can dynamically select and transmit representative video frames which are relatively more important, and discard others according to current network status feedback. To save bandwidth, we can use these representative frames as substitutes for those adjacent video intervals and synchronize with the original audio track during playback. The visual simulation shows DVS works well for video summary in mobile network delivery. |
7,972 | Please write an abstract with title: LinkLab: A Scalable and Heterogeneous Testbed for Remotely Developing and Experimenting IoT Applications, and key words: Sensors, Wireless sensor networks, Protocols, Computer architecture, Hardware, Interference, Software. Abstract: Developing and experimenting IoT applications are still difficult and time-consuming, mainly due to their heterogeneous hardware and diverse software. Testbeds are useful for developers to test the performance of IoT applications before deploying them to the fields. In this paper, we present LinkLab (http://linklab.emnets.org), a scalable IoT testbed for heterogeneous devices. Compared with existing IoT testbeds, LinkLab not only supports running experiments but also supports remote development via a web-based IDE and remote compiling. Therefore, LinkLab is able to improve the efficiency of the developing-experimenting-optimizing loop for IoT developers. By using a distributed architecture, LinkLab is a scalable, multi-site, and multi-user IoT testbed, with fine-grained access control and a flexible naming mechanism. Further, an incremental online compilation and a multi-user cache techniques are used to speed up the cross compilation process. LinkLab is implemented with more than 150 IoT devices and evaluated by case studies, micro-benchmarks, and real experiments. Results show that LinkLab achieves convenient application development, efficient online compilation, and robust device management under various evaluation settings. |
7,973 | Please write an abstract with title: Deep Bayesian Image Segmentation For A More Robust Ejection Fraction Estimation, and key words: Deep learning, Image segmentation, Uncertainty, Echocardiography, Point of care, Estimation, Muscles. Abstract: The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is one of the most commonly measured cardiac parameters in echocardiography (echo). While the clinical guidelines suggest that apical views are used for LVEF assessment, these views are difficult to obtain for less experienced operators. Specifically, in point-of-care imaging, parasternal views are commonly used for rapid assessment of LVEF, since those views can be easier to obtain. However, robust LVEF estimation is challenging due to high variability of echo quality and cardiovascular structures across different patients. In this paper, we formulate a Bayesian deep learning approach for fully automatic LVEF estimation based on segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) in parasternal short-axis papillary muscles (PSAX-PM) level. The proposed approach exploits the LV segmentation uncertainty to improve the robustness of the reported LVEF. The experiments using a dataset of 2,680 patients show that the proposed approach could increase the LVEF estimation's R2 score with a noticeable relative margin of 17.9%, while automatically detecting and discarding around 6% of cases with the highest predictive uncertainty. |
7,974 | Please write an abstract with title: High speed, low power electronics using Sb-based semiconductors, and key words: Low power electronics, HEMTs, MODFETs, Space technology, Etching, Heterojunction bipolar transistors, Fabrication, Ohmic contacts, Lattices, Laboratories. Abstract: In this paper the current status of the design,fabrication,and characterization of Sb-based HEMTs (6.05Am) and HBTs(6.2Am) in our group will be presented. |
7,975 | Please write an abstract with title: Determining Shortest Paths between Two Arbitrary Nodes in a Composite Transport Network Using Segment Routing, and key words: Measurement, Scalability, Network slicing, Programming, Routing, Routing protocols, Delays. Abstract: The task of finding the optimal shortest path is a key task in routing, and new drivers of the development of data transmission technologies require improvements in devices, services and technologies, in particular, in order to adapt existing algorithms and methods for finding shortest paths for segment routing problems. In this case, the key element of determining the shortest path is the metric. Since determining the shortest paths is an important step in forming a composite path within segment routing, determining the correct metric has a strong impact on this process. Segment routing represents an important evolutionary step forward in the design, management and operation of modern transport networks, including the global Internet. This paper considers the possibility of determining the optimal paths between two arbitrary nodes in a composite network using the segment routing methodology. Discusses the relevance of the problem, the issues of determining the minimum path weight, the path with the minimum weight, achieving the minimum delay, determination of the shortest path with segmentation and the problem of the minimum delay path in the segment routing. |
7,976 | Please write an abstract with title: Coupling in some edge-coupled microshield transmission lines, and key words: Transmission lines, Geometry, Permittivity, Coupling circuits, Microstrip, CMOS technology, Wideband, Finite difference methods, Filling, Frequency. Abstract: Using the finite-difference time-domain (FD-TD) method in the Cartesian coordinate system, the coupling effects in some (a)symmetrical edge-coupled V-shape and trapezoidal microshield transmission lines (MTLs) are studied. The hybrid effects of different geometrical parameters of the MTLs and the permittivity of the filling materials on the coupling coefficient are examined and compared. It is shown that the edge-coupled V-shape geometry is effective in reducing coupling over a wide frequency range. |
7,977 | Please write an abstract with title: Modeling and designing of microfluidic system using Poiseuille number, and key words: Microfluidics, Ducts, Computational fluid dynamics, Fluid flow, Poisson equations, Shape control, Hydraulic diameter, Heat transfer, Software packages, Mechanical factors. Abstract: To design microfluidic device, it is essential to predict. flow properties in, micro channel. However, microfluidics includes important, but different effects comparing with conventional fluid mechanics. And because most microfluidic system have used rectangular channel which is not circular channel, Poiseuille number cannot be ignored. Our work explains the method of modeling and designing of microfluidic system considering Poiseuille number (Po number). Our modeling method can easily anticipate the characteristics of arbitrary shape channel flow at very low Reynolds number and can control mass flow rate accurately. |
7,978 | Please write an abstract with title: On ASER Performance of M-ary QAM Schemes Over DF Coordinated-NOMA, and key words: NOMA, Quadrature amplitude modulation, Signal to noise ratio, Silicon carbide, Relays, Binary phase shift keying, System performance. Abstract: In this work, we investigate the performance of a power domain based downlink decode and forward coordinated-non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system with two users and one relay node. The system is considered to operate in half-duplex mode over a Rayleigh faded channel, where the weak user is heavily shadowed with no direct link. Framework for average symbol rate error (ASER) and asymptotic ASER of generalized M-ary QAM for both weak and strong user is developed. Further, the impact of various power levels over different QAM schemes for the users is analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of symmetric and asymmetric constellations for the users is also considered and their impact over the system is detailed and useful insights drawn. The derived analytical expressions are verified through Monte-Carlo simulations, and compared with non-coordinated NOMA. |
7,979 | Please write an abstract with title: Prediction of De-embedded Eye Height/Width Parameters using Machine Learning in High-Speed Serial Link Characterization, and key words: Machine learning algorithms, Transmitters, Software algorithms, Machine learning, Predictive models, Tools, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: Post silicon analog validation and characterization refers to a set of activities done on a lab test bench setup to test and debug analog IPs in an SoC (System-on chip). An analog validation engineer typically uses a combination of hardware and software tools to validate an IP. Machine Learning (ML) as a tool has been successfully utilized by engineers in pre-silicon activities like highspeed channel modelling and Eye height/Width prediction. However, very limited research can be found regarding the use of ML algorithms in post silicon analog validation and characterization. Since, post silicon validation's main objective is to find out bugs in system, the accuracy to techniques used in test are of utmost importance. This paper investigates the use of ML in post silicon characterization. This has been done by taking an example use-case: computation of de-embedded signal integrity parameters (Eye Hight and Eye width) from non-de-embedded parameters in the characterization activity of high speed SERDES. It has been shown that by using ML algorithms, one can reduce the SI parameter computation timing with less than 2.1% average error. |
7,980 | Please write an abstract with title: Finite-time stabilization of the high-order chained system, and key words: Sliding mode control, Control systems, Linear systems, Strain control, Integral equations, Information science, Feedforward systems, Control system synthesis, Computer simulation, Mechanical systems. Abstract: This research focuses on the problem of stabilization of high-order chained-form nonholonomic system. We propose a finite-time discontinuous controller for the chained system. The controller is derived by using a high-order homogeneous finite-time control technique and high-order sliding mode control approach. The proposed method has no feed-forward factors and no singular points where the controller inputs become infinite values. Moreover, we designed the controller for the simplest high-order chained system and confirmed the superior performance of the controlled system by computer simulation. |
7,981 | Please write an abstract with title: Music2Vec: Music Genre Classification and Recommendation System, and key words: Feature extraction, Training, Predictive models, Mel frequency cepstral coefficient, Neural networks, Spectrogram, Recommender systems. Abstract: In today’s world, due to the rapid growth in music tracks via both offline and online and give better access to automatically classify its genre and based on that the recommendation for another song will impact a great experience to the user. So, this paper has proposed a system that uses deep learning approach for performing genre classification on the song and based on that the song will be recommended by using word2vec. For classification, it is important to obtain a large collection and index the songs accordingly to their genre and with the help of skip gram model, it will identify the similar context song for recommendation. So, the proposed system works as a whole music recommendation system for delivering great experience at user side. |
7,982 | Please write an abstract with title: Domain Alignment Embedding Network for Sketch Face Recognition, and key words: Feature extraction, Face recognition, Training, Learning systems, Measurement, Task analysis, Information science. Abstract: Sketch face recognition refers to the process of matching sketches to photos. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using deep learning to learn discriminative features for sketch face recognition. However, the success of deep learning relies on the large-scale paired images to counteract effects such as over-fitting, since the amount of the paired training data is relatively small, the discriminative power of the deeply learned features will inevitably be reduced. This paper proposes a novel deep metric learning method termed domain alignment embedding network for sketch face recognition. Specifically, a training episode strategy is designed to alleviate the small sample problem, and a domain alignment embedding loss is proposed to guide the feature embedding network to learn discriminative features. Extensive experimental results on the UoM-SGFSv2 and PRIP-VSGC datasets are verified to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
7,983 | Please write an abstract with title: Estimation of acoustic transfer function by using genetic algorithm, and key words: Uncertainty, Simulation, Oceans, Frequency-domain analysis, Transfer functions, Estimation, Linear programming. Abstract: The uncertainty of shallow water environment has great influence on the estimation of the acoustic transfer function. To solve this problem, the correlation coefficient between the acoustic transfer functions is constructed as the objective function. Because there are usually many uncertain parameters that affect the acoustic transfer function, and the genetic algorithm is used to search the estimation of the acoustic transfer function. Compared with traditional traversal search, the genetic algorithm can effectively reduce the number of the environmental parameter sets to be searched, which grows exponentially with the number of uncertain parameters, thus significantly reduce the computational demand. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
7,984 | Please write an abstract with title: A new automatic skeletonization algorithm for 3D vascular volumes, and key words: Skeleton, Clustering algorithms, Topology, Computational complexity, Interpolation, Data mining, Data analysis, Computational geometry, Application software, Joining processes. Abstract: Extraction of the skeleton of vascular structures is an important procedure for computer aided analysis of vascular data. A new automatic skeletonization algorithm for 3D vascular volumes is proposed. Two types of distance maps and clusters, a set of connected points with the same property are used to represent the vascular structure. Using clusters representation, branch information can be retrieved efficiently. In each identified branch, preliminary points, defined as skeleton nodes, are derived hierarchically which are later interpolated to generate the skeleton. The algorithm was tested on MR angiography arterial and venous 3D vascular volumes. The extracted skeletons were reliable representation of the vascular structure. Compared to other 3D distance-based skeletonization algorithms, the new approach yields a more centered skeleton without complex post-processing. The skeleton is also insensitive to boundary complexity and can be easily modified by the user. |
7,985 | Please write an abstract with title: An Improved Pupil Detection Method under Eyeglass Occlusions, and key words: Pupils, Image edge detection, Histograms, Visualization, Lighting, Glass, Gaze tracking. Abstract: There are various challenges of detecting pupil during eye tracking, such as changing illumination conditions, occlusion of eyelashes or eyelids, obstruction of prescription glasses, poorly recorded images, highly off-axial positions, and so forth. Prior state-of-the-art method namely ExCuSe undertakes these problems based on analysis of histogram intensity. However, ExCuSe fails to analyze some pupil images with poor illumination and light reflection occlusion caused by prescription glasses. To overcome this problem, this research proposes an improvement in ExCuSe by incorporating two image filtering techniques in the preprocessing step. The median filter is utilized to diminish noise while the guided filter is implemented to preserve edges in the image. We evaluated the improved and the state-of-the-art algorithm on over 16,000 hand-labeled images in three data sets that contain eyeglass occlusions. The experimental result of data set III shows that the proposed method significantly outperformed the state-of-the-art algorithm with a 22.53% higher detection rate (p<; 0.05). Although implementation on the other two data sets did not achieve a statistically significant result, the overall performance of the proposed method was still better than the state-of-the-art algorithm. Our study indicates that the proposed method is more sophisticated to handle poor illumination and light reflection occlusion compared with the prior state-of-the-art technique. In future, the proposed pupil detection method can be implemented in an eye tracker for interactive systems as well as for passive monitoring system. |
7,986 | Please write an abstract with title: Joint estimation of image and deformation parameters in tomographic image reconstruction, and key words: Tomography, Image reconstruction, Deformable models, Time measurement, Pixel, Maximum likelihood estimation, Cost function, Jacobian matrices, Computer science, Motion estimation. Abstract: We consider an emission tomography reconstruction problem in which projection measurements from several successive time frames are available. Two strategies for doing motion-corrected image reconstruction are compared. In the first strategy, separate images are reconstructed from the measurements at each time frame. They are then consolidated by post-registration and averaging procedures. In the second strategy, parameters to describe the effects of motion are added to the statistical model of the projections. Joint maximum likelihood estimation of image and motion parameters is then carried out. |
7,987 | Please write an abstract with title: A high accuracy scaleable LED driver topology for multichannel applications, and key words: Microcontrollers, Modulation, Switches, Light emitting diodes, Control systems, Prediction algorithms, Power electronics. Abstract: This paper presents a novel driver topology to accurately control the current through LEDs by using a current sink, a switch mode pre-regulator, few interface components and a microcontroller employing an algorithm that controls and predicts the output state in normal and fault modes without directly measuring the output parameters. The topology is easily scaleable to realize multichannel LED drivers, supports wide range of LED loads, provides superior drive current accuracy and is modulation and flicker free. In this paper we provide an overview of the shortcomings of the commonly used multichannel topologies and demonstrate how the proposed architecture and control logic can solve those shortcomings. Experimental results are also provided to validate the operation of the proposed topology in both normal and abnormal load conditions. |
7,988 | Please write an abstract with title: Vector Staircase Noise-Like Pulses in an Er/Yb-Codoped Fiber Laser, and key words: Optical fiber polarization, Solitons, Laser noise, Laser mode locking, Erbium-doped fiber lasers, Laser theory, Ultrafast optics. Abstract: We report on the experimental observation of vector staircase noise-like pulses (NLPs) produced by an Er/Yb-codoped fiber laser with a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) as the saturable absorber (SA). The staircase NLPs consist of two rectangular pulses with different energies and durations, such that the two pulse widths both increase linearly with increasing pump power with an almost constant slope while the pulse amplitude remains constant, similar to the case with Dissipative Soliton Resonance pulses. The polarization rotation state of the staircase NLPs has also been investigated along with multiple polarization dynamic patterns, including group velocity locked and polarization locked states. We have also observed harmonic mode-locked (HML) staircase NLPs by carefully adjusting the orientation of the intra-cavity polarization at fixed pump power. It was found that the HML staircase NLPs were identical to the fundamental staircase NLPs as regards the vector character and the changes in pulse duration. The experimental results are expected to enrich understanding of the vector nature of staircase NLPs and may lead to a new laser source for material processing. |
7,989 | Please write an abstract with title: Repeatability of Frequency Characteristics for Quadruple-Mode-Resonator Base-Station Filter, and key words: Resonator filters, Microwave filters, Resonant frequency, Optical resonators, Metals, Optical fiber filters, Conductors. Abstract: Due to the heavy demand for additional installments of small base stations, miniaturization of microwave filter is strongly expected. A multimode resonator is one method for miniaturization. In previous report, the authors proposed a rectangular quadruple mode resonator. The adjustment methods of resonance frequency and coupling were reported. In this paper, to realize an eight-stage filter, which consists of two-combined quadruple-mode resonators, the repeatability of frequency characteristics of quadruple-mode resonator is investigated, as the preliminary study. As a result, it was confirmed that the position accuracy of center conductor was very sensitive for frequency characteristics. The repeatability was improved by making field distribution symmetry and the performances of two four-stage filters were shown to demonstrate the repeatability of the adjustment. |
7,990 | Please write an abstract with title: Liver Diseases Prediction using KNN with Hyper Parameter Tuning Techniques, and key words: Data models, Predictive models, Liver diseases, Diseases, Classification algorithms, Measurement, Prediction algorithms. Abstract: The healthcare industry is producing massive volumes of data. The algorithms using ML can be used to discover hidden patterns for making diagnosis and critical decisions. In the past years, Liver disorders have increased persistently and it is the reason for a significant number of deaths in many countries like India. The number of patients with liver disease are rapidly increasing due to several reasons like over consumption of alcohol, breathing in injurious gases, eating unhygienic food, pickles and drugs. The aim of our work is to predict liver disease by Machine learning based prediction model trained with the dataset fetched from the northeast of Andhra Pradesh, India. Feature analysis is performed on data and checked for balanced/imbalanced, distribution of data and correlation between the features and between features and liver disease. Transformation techniques have been used to transform data into normal distribution. So before performing transformation, outliers are detected and removed using outlier removal and the best features are selected based on correlation matrix and feature selection approaches, which will transform the data set effectively. Grid Search techniques are used in Hyper parameter tuning. Performance is evaluated using various metrics such precision, recall, f1-score, precision, precision-recall curve (PRC) and Receiver operating curve (ROC). Eight models are proposed out of which the fine tuning parameters of K-NN using Grid search gives the better performance of 91% accuracy. |
7,991 | Please write an abstract with title: Computational SRAM Design Automation using Pushed-Rule Bitcells for Energy-Efficient Vector Processing, and key words: Automation, Europe, Random access memory, Foundries. Abstract: This paper presents a new methodology for automating the Computational SRAM (C-SRAM) design based on off-the-shelf memory compilers and a configurable RTL IP. The main goal is to drastically reduce the development effort compared to a full-custom design, while offering a flexibility of use and a high-yield production. The proposed C-SRAM architecture has been developed to process energy-efficient vector data coupled with a scalar processor, while limiting the data transfer on the system bus. The results obtained by post P&R simulations show that 2RW and 4RW C-SRAM configurations using the double pumping technique achieved the highest performance to process vectorized MAC operations compared to the others configurations. Moreover, it has been shown that the impact of the digital wrapper decoding and executing the instructions can be mitigated by increasing the memory cut size to represent less than 10% in area and 20% in power consumption. |
7,992 | Please write an abstract with title: Research on economic risk model of global value chain based on Artificial Intelligence, and key words: Economics, Computer science, Shape, Computational modeling, Globalization, Production, Predictive models. Abstract: With the deepening of economic globalization, the economic ties between countries in the world are becoming increasingly close. Many countries have completed vertical division of labor and cooperation. A global value chain is a state in which each country undertakes the production of part of the product, and uses foreign intermediate products to complete the final product and export it, thereby promoting the formation of a global value chain. Based on the analysis of the shape of the global value chain, this research uses an algorithm to establish an economic risk prediction model to achieve economic risk trend prediction and provide theoretical support for global value chain economic risk avoidance. |
7,993 | Please write an abstract with title: PSO-PS:Parameter Synchronization with Particle Swarm Optimization for Distributed Training of Deep Neural Networks, and key words: Training, Synchronization, Parallel processing, Neural networks, Computational modeling, Mathematical model, Data models. Abstract: Parameter updating is an important stage in parallelism-based distributed deep learning. Synchronous methods are widely used in distributed training the Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). To reduce the communication and synchronization overhead of synchronous methods, decreasing the synchronization frequency (e.g., every n mini-batches) is a straightforward approach. However, it often suffers from poor convergence. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm of integrating Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) into the distributed training process of DNNs to automatically compute new parameters. In the proposed algorithm, a computing work is encoded by a particle, the weights of DNNs and the training loss are modeled by the particle attributes. At each synchronization stage, the weights are updated by PSO from the sub weights gathered from all workers, instead of averaging the weights or the gradients. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, the experiments are performed on two commonly used image classification benchmarks: MNIST and CIFAR10, and compared with the peer competitors at multiple different synchronization configurations. The experimental results demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed algorithm. |
7,994 | Please write an abstract with title: High-precision Visual Servoing in Asteroid Flyby with Multirate Feedforward Control and Trajectory Estimation, and key words: Visualization, Quantization (signal), Estimation, Cameras, Trajectory, Solar system, Mirrors. Abstract: In the flyby search for an asteroid, it is necessary to precisely direct the observation mirror to the viewing angle, which changes significantly at the closest approach point. In order to develop a control law for the mirror, we have to deal with the quantization due to resolution of the camera and dead time due to image processing. This paper proposes an application of multirate feedforward control based on the estimation of relative trajectory. The proposed method reduces the tracking error generated by the influence of quantization noise and enables to keep the angular error within one pixel or less by using an estimation of the relative trajectory. |
7,995 | Please write an abstract with title: System-level reliability assessment of mixed-signal convergent microsystems, and key words: Radio frequency, Failure analysis, Optical sensors, Integrated optics, Thermal stresses, Electronic packaging thermal management, Biomedical optical imaging, Materials reliability, Optical materials, Optical refraction. Abstract: The next-generation convergent microsystems, based on system-on-package (SOP) technology, require up-front system-level design-for-reliability approaches and appropriate reliability assessment methodologies to guarantee the reliability of digital, optical, and radio frequency (RF) functions, as well as their interfaces. Systems approach to reliability requires the development of: i) physics-based reliability models for various failure mechanisms associated with digital, optical, and RF Functions, and their interfaces in the system; ii) design optimization models for the selection of suitable materials and processing conditions for reliability, as well as functionality; and iii) system-level reliability models understanding the component and functional interaction. This paper presents the reliability assessment of digital, optical, and RF functions in SOP-based microsystems. Upfront physics-based design-for-reliability models for various functional failure mechanisms are presented to evaluate various design options and material selection even before the prototypes are made. Advanced modeling methodologies and algorithms to accommodate material length scale effects due to enhanced system integration and miniaturization are presented. System-level mixed-signal reliability is discussed thorough system-level reliability metrics relating component-level failure mechanisms to system-level signal integrity, as well as statistical aspects. |
7,996 | Please write an abstract with title: Improved Stabilization Criteria for Fuzzy Chaotic Systems Using Memory Sampled-Data Strategy, and key words: Chaotic communication, Symmetric matrices, Linear matrix inequalities, Random access memory, Nonlinear systems, Fuzzy control, Delays. Abstract: This letter considers a memory sampled-data control for Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy chaotic system. A memory sampled-data control technique, which includes a constant signal transmission delay stabilizes the considered T–S fuzzy system. First, a looped-functional is constructed corresponding to the chaotic system. Then, Free-Matrix-Based integral inequality is applied to solve the integral term in the derivative of the looped-functional. The sufficient conditions are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) to guarantee the asymptotic stability of T–S fuzzy systems and the existence of memory sampled-data control law. With a numerical example, the performance and importance of the proposed method are illustrated. |
7,997 | Please write an abstract with title: On the Computation of Virtual Backbones With Fault Tolerance in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks, and key words: Wireless sensor networks, Approximation algorithms, Fault tolerant systems, Fault tolerance, Upper bound, Mathematical model, Wireless communication. Abstract: In the context of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the problem of virtual backbones (VBs) for undertaking routing tasks to alleviate broadcast storms has been extensively studied. In practical applications, different nodes in a WSN may have different transmission ranges because of differences in power control or functionality, among other reasons. In such a situation, a disk graph (DG) can be used as a mathematical model of the WSN, and a strongly connected dominating and absorbent set (SCDAS) in the DG can be treated as a VB in the corresponding WSN. In a WSN with faulty nodes, a fault-tolerant VB is superior to a traditional one. Thus, it is desirable to construct a $ k$-strongly connected $ m$-dominating and absorbent set ($ (k,m)$-SCDAS) in the DG to serve as a fault-tolerant VB in the corresponding WSN. In this article, to enable the construction of a high-quality $ (k,m)$-SCDAS in a DG, a constant approximation algorithm with a performance ratio of $(2k(5^{k-1}-1)+1)(R+m+4(\frac{R}{m}+1))$ is proposed, where $ k$ and $ m$ are constants ($ 2 \;\leqslant\; k \;\leqslant\; m$) and $ R$ is the maximum number of independent nodes within the transmission range of a node in the DG. A theoretical analysis and simulation results show that our work is superior to previous approaches. |
7,998 | Please write an abstract with title: Compact transmitter and receiver modules with optoelectronic-integrated circuits for optical LAN's, and key words: Optical transmitters, Optical receivers, Optical fiber LAN, Soldering, Fiber lasers, Packaging, Coupling circuits, Optical coupling, Optical fiber communication, Optoelectronic devices. Abstract: Compact transmitter and receiver modules with monolithic optoelectronic-integrated circuits, i.e., OEIC's, are demonstrated, and 400- and 800-Mbit/s transmission experiments are successfully carried out over up to 4 and 2 km, respectively, with these modules, for the first time. The design of the monolithic-integrated circuits and the compact module structure are presented. The soldering technique based on the use of YAG laser simplifies the packaging procedures, and an efficient and simple scheme for coupling between OEIC's and fibers make the OEIC modules compact. Both modules are attractive for applications in high data-rate communication systems, particularly in local area networks, CATV systems, and intra-office links. |
7,999 | Please write an abstract with title: System Analysis of the Prospective Characteristics of the Helical Magnometric Detection Tool, and key words: Transducers, Systematics, Magnetometers, Magnetic moments, Real-time systems, Picture archiving and communication systems, Mathematical models. Abstract: This paper presents the results of the research of the helical transducer-based magnetometric detection tools. The authors have developed a mathematical model of signal formation, which enables calculation of useful signals at the output of the transducer for straight-line movement path of the object located at a random angle to the transducer’s direct axis and the random original coordinate. A statistical check of the degree of agreement of the simulated signals and full-scale measurements has been carried out. A representative base of the estimated and demonstrated signals has been created. A research program apparatus complex (PAC) was developed for the analysis of signals and prospective characteristics of detection tools, which enables simulation of operation of the decision box and evaluation of the prospective detection characteristics. The authors have surveyed the threshold parameter-oriented operation algorithm of the decision box. The paper demonstrates that the helical magnetometric detection tool with a peak-reading detector and a threshold decision-making algorithm works well in terms of detection of the objects with a relatively large magnetic moment. It discusses several types of algorithms based on artificial neural networks: error back-propagation (BP) neural network, bidirectional associative memory, and real-time recurrent networks. The real-time recurrent network, which ensures compliance of the tactical and technical characteristics of the product with the requirements for a perimeter detection tool, demonstrated the best detection characteristics. Thus, the paperdescribes a systematic analysis of the designspecifics and prospective characteristics of an advanced perimeter magnetometric detection tool based on a helical transducer. |
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