sid-th26/mains_question · Datasets at Hugging Face

“Disability is as social as it is physical.” Comment.

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##Question:“Disability is as social as it is physical.” Comment.##Answer:.

20,023

To what extent urbanization and migration has aggravated the problem of old-age population?

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##Question:To what extent urbanization and migration has aggravated the problem of old-age population?##Answer:.

20,024

Write a critical note on Smart City Mission.

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##Question:Write a critical note on Smart City Mission.##Answer:.

20,025

What seems to be globalization at macro-level is actually glocalization at micro-level. Comment.

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##Question:What seems to be globalization at macro-level is actually glocalization at micro-level. Comment.##Answer:.

20,026

Globalization appears to be synonymous with westernization however, it is a two-way process. Critically examine in context of India.

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##Question:Globalization appears to be synonymous with westernization however, it is a two-way process. Critically examine in context of India.##Answer:.

20,027

Distortion of joint family has often been blamed on globalization. Do you agree? Justify your stance.(150 words/ 10 marks)

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##Question:Distortion of joint family has often been blamed on globalization. Do you agree? Justify your stance.(150 words/ 10 marks)##Answer:.

20,028

How has globalization aggravated poverty in India? (100 words/10 Marks)

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##Question:How has globalization aggravated poverty in India? (100 words/10 Marks)##Answer:.

20,029

Globalization is a double-edged sword. Comment. (150 words)

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##Question:Globalization is a double-edged sword. Comment. (150 words)##Answer:.

20,030

In our first past the post electoral system, it is ultimately seats, not votes, that count. In this context critically analyse the First past the post system. (250 word)

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##Question:In our first past the post electoral system, it is ultimately seats, not votes, that count. In this context critically analyse the First past the post system. (250 word)##Answer:.

20,031

Distinguish between different types of electoral systems. (200 words)

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##Question:Distinguish between different types of electoral systems. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,032

Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission. Critically analyse. (200 words)

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##Question:Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission. Critically analyse. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,033

Discuss the primary, secondary and tertiary atmospheric circulations. (200 words)

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##Question:Discuss the primary, secondary and tertiary atmospheric circulations. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,034

Enumerate and explain various types of warm and cold winds. (200 words)

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##Question:Enumerate and explain various types of warm and cold winds. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,035

Differentiate between absolute humidity and relative humidity. (100 words)

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##Question:Differentiate between absolute humidity and relative humidity. (100 words)##Answer:.

20,036

Briefly explain the major Agriculture farming system in India. Is sustainable Agriculture the need of the hour? Explain

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##Question:Briefly explain the major Agriculture farming system in India. Is sustainable Agriculture the need of the hour? Explain##Answer:.

20,037

What do understand by Simple Subsistence Agriculture? Explain their Locations in India and its implication on Environment.

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##Question:What do understand by Simple Subsistence Agriculture? Explain their Locations in India and its implication on Environment.##Answer:.

20,038

Briefly explain the process of making of the Union General Budget. The Union government is planning to present the Union Budgeta month or more aheadin coming years. Examine the significance of this move.

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##Question:Briefly explain the process of making of the Union General Budget. The Union government is planning to present the Union Budgeta month or more aheadin coming years. Examine the significance of this move.##Answer:.

20,039

Distinguish between Money bill and Financial bills by specifying the constitutional provisions and mechanism of passage in the Parliament. (150 words, 10 marks)

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##Question:Distinguish between Money bill and Financial bills by specifying the constitutional provisions and mechanism of passage in the Parliament. (150 words, 10 marks)##Answer:.

20,040

Explain First Past the Post (FPTP) system and compare it with the Proportional Representation system of elections. Also examine if it’s time for Indiato shift from a First Past the Post system to a system of Proportional Representation. [200Words]

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##Question:Explain First Past the Post (FPTP) system and compare it with the Proportional Representation system of elections. Also examine if it’s time for Indiato shift from a First Past the Post system to a system of Proportional Representation. [200Words]##Answer:.

20,041

Write Short notes on: 1. Single transferable vote system 2. First Past the Post system 3. Vote on Credit

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##Question:Write Short notes on: 1. Single transferable vote system 2. First Past the Post system 3. Vote on Credit##Answer:.

20,042

In which respects did the policies of Aurangzeb contribute to the disintegration of the Mughal Empire?

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##Question:In which respects did the policies of Aurangzeb contribute to the disintegration of the Mughal Empire? ##Answer:,

20,043

Write a short note on Jagirdari system.

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##Question:Write a short note on Jagirdari system.##Answer:,

20,044

The death of Aurangzeb precipitated decline of Mughal rule however the reason for this decline were more systemic. Discuss.(150 words10 marks)

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##Question:The death of Aurangzeb precipitated decline of Mughal rule however the reason for this decline were more systemic. Discuss.(150 words10 marks)##Answer:,

20,045

Why Nano technology is an enabling technology? Illustrate with examples. Enumerate some steps taken by department of Science and technology for promotion of Nano technology in India. (150 words/10 Marks)

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##Question: Why Nano technology is an enabling technology? Illustrate with examples. Enumerate some steps taken by department of Science and technology for promotion of Nano technology in India. (150 words/10 Marks)##Answer:,

20,046

In our first past the post electoral system, it is ultimately seats, not votes that count. In this context critically analyse the First past the post system. (200 Words)

,

##Question:In our first past the post electoral system, it is ultimately seats, not votes that count. In this context critically analyse the First past the post system. (200 Words)##Answer:,

20,047

Distinguish between money bill and financial bills by specifying the Constitutional provisions and mechanism of passage in parliament.

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##Question:Distinguish between money bill and financial bills by specifying the Constitutional provisions and mechanism of passage in parliament.##Answer:,

20,048

Write Short Notes on the following: List System Two Ballot System Single Transferable Vote System

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##Question:Write Short Notes on the following: List System Two Ballot System Single Transferable Vote System ##Answer:,

20,049

What are the main issues with electoral politics in India? Briefly explain some of the major reforms which are taken into consideration to make electoral politics transparent.

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##Question:What are the main issues with electoral politics in India? Briefly explain some of the major reforms which are taken into consideration to make electoral politics transparent.##Answer:,

20,050

Are recent measures taken for electoral reforms such asElectoral Bonds and decreasing the funding amount effective enough to make political funding transparent? Critically analyze.

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##Question:Are recent measures taken for electoral reforms such asElectoral Bonds and decreasing the funding amount effective enough to make political funding transparent? Critically analyze.##Answer:,

20,051

Briefly explain the major factors affecting the location of industries in different parts of the world. (10 Marks/150 Words)

Q.1 Briefly explain the major factors affecting the location ofindustries indifferent parts of the world. (200 words) Approach: Introduction: A brief introduction to the industries. Body: A brief discussion on all the major factors influencing the location of industries. Conclusion: A balanced conclusion mentioning other necessary factors. Model Answer: The industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services. Industries have a tendency to concentrate in a few regions and areas based on several considerations and factors. Major factors affecting the location of industries: Human Resources: The availability of abundant and cheap labour reduces the cost of labour to the industries. Also, the type of the industries to be set up depends upon the skill set of the available labour. For example, low skilled labour is favourable to the labour-intensive industries like mining as in several African countries whereas semi-skilled labour encourages manufacturing industries as in countries like China. Government Policy: The nature of the economy as decided by the government policy of a particular either encourages or discourages the setting of industries in a particular region or country. For example, industries tend to be more concentrated in a country where the capitalist form of economy or free economy has been adopted as in USA and Germany. Raw materials: The availability of raw materials ensures the reduction of cost with respect to the proportion of raw material cost in the total cost of production of a product. This is especially true in the case of sugar, cotton textiles, jute textiles, and plantation industries. For example, sugar industries are located in countries like Cuba and India. Technology: The availability and access to required technology determine the location of the industries especially with respect to capital and defence industries. For example, capital and defence manufacturing industries are located in countries like the USA, France and Germany. Electricity : There is no modern industry that can run without a regular supply of electricity. Therefore, those regions and countries, which are endowed with a regular supply of energy, attract more industries than those regions which are bereft of this resource. For example, all over the world industries are more concentrated in urban centres where there is a regular supply of electricity. Markets: Regions providing adequate consumption centres is an important determinant for an industrial location. For example, consumer goods industries like automobiles are concentrated in Western countries in proximity to the urban centres. Also, there are several other factors like transport and connectivity, the type of polity, peace in the country, availability of the land, ease of doing business, nature of industries etc. affect the location of industries all over the world.

##Question:Briefly explain the major factors affecting the location of industries in different parts of the world. (10 Marks/150 Words)##Answer:Q.1 Briefly explain the major factors affecting the location ofindustries indifferent parts of the world. (200 words) Approach: Introduction: A brief introduction to the industries. Body: A brief discussion on all the major factors influencing the location of industries. Conclusion: A balanced conclusion mentioning other necessary factors. Model Answer: The industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services. Industries have a tendency to concentrate in a few regions and areas based on several considerations and factors. Major factors affecting the location of industries: Human Resources: The availability of abundant and cheap labour reduces the cost of labour to the industries. Also, the type of the industries to be set up depends upon the skill set of the available labour. For example, low skilled labour is favourable to the labour-intensive industries like mining as in several African countries whereas semi-skilled labour encourages manufacturing industries as in countries like China. Government Policy: The nature of the economy as decided by the government policy of a particular either encourages or discourages the setting of industries in a particular region or country. For example, industries tend to be more concentrated in a country where the capitalist form of economy or free economy has been adopted as in USA and Germany. Raw materials: The availability of raw materials ensures the reduction of cost with respect to the proportion of raw material cost in the total cost of production of a product. This is especially true in the case of sugar, cotton textiles, jute textiles, and plantation industries. For example, sugar industries are located in countries like Cuba and India. Technology: The availability and access to required technology determine the location of the industries especially with respect to capital and defence industries. For example, capital and defence manufacturing industries are located in countries like the USA, France and Germany. Electricity : There is no modern industry that can run without a regular supply of electricity. Therefore, those regions and countries, which are endowed with a regular supply of energy, attract more industries than those regions which are bereft of this resource. For example, all over the world industries are more concentrated in urban centres where there is a regular supply of electricity. Markets: Regions providing adequate consumption centres is an important determinant for an industrial location. For example, consumer goods industries like automobiles are concentrated in Western countries in proximity to the urban centres. Also, there are several other factors like transport and connectivity, the type of polity, peace in the country, availability of the land, ease of doing business, nature of industries etc. affect the location of industries all over the world.

20,052

Briefly explain the major recommendations of Dinesh Goswami Committee on electoral reforms.

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##Question:Briefly explain the major recommendations of Dinesh Goswami Committee on electoral reforms.##Answer:.

20,053

There is criminalisation of politics in India. It is impossible to achieve the goals of democracy without decriminalisation of politics. Examine the challenges the criminalisation of politics poses for the effective functioning of the democracy. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:There is criminalisation of politics in India. It is impossible to achieve the goals of democracy without decriminalisation of politics. Examine the challenges the criminalisation of politics poses for the effective functioning of the democracy. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,054

Discuss the factors for globalization of World manufacturing.

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##Question:Discuss the factors for globalization of World manufacturing.##Answer:.

20,055

Discuss various applications of Robotics. (150 words /10 marks)

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##Question:Discuss various applications of Robotics. (150 words /10 marks)##Answer:.

20,056

Discuss the concept of DNA Computing. (200)

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##Question:Discuss the concept of DNA Computing. (200)##Answer:.

20,057

Discuss the challenges faced by the ECI. How has ECI sought to address these challenges?

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##Question:Discuss the challenges faced by the ECI. How has ECI sought to address these challenges?##Answer:.

20,058

The Model code of conduct is merely a Moral code of conduct. Critically analyse. (150 words / 10 marks)

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##Question:The Model code of conduct is merely a Moral code of conduct. Critically analyse. (150 words / 10 marks)##Answer:.

20,059

State funding of elections could provide a level playing field for all candidates. Examine. (250)

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##Question:State funding of elections could provide a level playing field for all candidates. Examine. (250)##Answer:.

20,060

Bring out the significance of cloud formation. Discuss the processes involved in convectional rainfall. (200 words)

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##Question:Bring out the significance of cloud formation. Discuss the processes involved in convectional rainfall. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,061

Write short notes on i. Specific humidity ii. Latent heat of sublimation iii. Drizzle (50 words each)

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##Question:Write short notes on i. Specific humidity ii. Latent heat of sublimation iii. Drizzle (50 words each)##Answer:.

20,062

Differentiate between hail and sleet. (100 words)

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##Question:Differentiate between hail and sleet. (100 words)##Answer:.

20,063

Discuss Health Informatics. Mention its applications along with limitations. (250 words)

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##Question:Discuss Health Informatics. Mention its applications along with limitations. (250 words)##Answer:,

20,064

Right to recall will empower the voters and make the legislators more accountable thus strengthening democracy in India. Critically Analyse. [200 Words]

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##Question:Right to recall will empower the voters and make the legislators more accountable thus strengthening democracy in India. Critically Analyse. [200 Words]##Answer:.

20,065

Enumerate the conditions for recognition of a political party as a national party and a state party. (150 words)

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##Question:Enumerate the conditions for recognition of a political party as a national party and a state party. (150 words)##Answer:.

20,066

Discuss the powers of election commission of India.

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##Question:Discuss the powers of election commission of India.##Answer:.

20,067

The battle of Plassey and Buxar were a result of key internal differences within Mughal successor states as much as they were result of the European rivalry. Discuss

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##Question:The battle of Plassey and Buxar were a result of key internal differences within Mughal successor states as much as they were result of the European rivalry. Discuss##Answer:.

20,068

Do you think merchants and banker today have the kind of influence they had in 18 th century in India?

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##Question:Do you think merchants and banker today have the kind of influence they had in 18 th century in India?##Answer:.

20,069

How did Murshid Quli Khan become powerful in Bengal?

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##Question:How did Murshid Quli Khan become powerful in Bengal?##Answer:.

20,070

To what extant European rivalry played a critical role in shaping 18th century India? Discuss

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##Question:To what extant European rivalry played a critical role in shaping 18th century India? Discuss##Answer:.

20,071

Discuss the events that led to the battle of Plassey and battle of Buxar. In what ways were the battles instrumental in shaping the history of the Indian subcontinent in 18th Century?

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##Question:Discuss the events that led to the battle of Plassey and battle of Buxar. In what ways were the battles instrumental in shaping the history of the Indian subcontinent in 18th Century?##Answer:.

20,072

In many ways Mysore in 18 th century in India represented an advancement over its other regional counterparts. Discuss

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##Question:In many ways Mysore in 18 th century in India represented an advancement over its other regional counterparts. Discuss##Answer:.

20,073

Write a short note on the following: a) Wi-MAX b) Superconductivity

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##Question:Write a short note on the following: a) Wi-MAX b) Superconductivity##Answer:.

20,074

In many ways the weaknesses of 19 th century social reforms were addressed by the 20 th century social reform movements. Discuss. (200 words)

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##Question:In many ways the weaknesses of 19 th century social reforms were addressed by the 20 th century social reform movements. Discuss. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,075

Analyze the contributions made by M G Ranade, I. C Vidyasagar and Jyotiba Phule during the 19 th century India. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Analyze the contributions made by M G Ranade, I. C Vidyasagar and Jyotiba Phule during the 19 th century India. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,076

Explain how Swami Vivekananda’s ideology was different to that of revivalists. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Explain how Swami Vivekananda’s ideology was different to that of revivalists. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,077

Criminalization of politics is a major impediment to the functioning of a parliamentary democracy like India. In this regard, what are the measures taken by the judiciary and the Election Commission of India to cleanse the political system of the country? (200 words)

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##Question:Criminalization of politics is a major impediment to the functioning of a parliamentary democracy like India. In this regard, what are the measures taken by the judiciary and the Election Commission of India to cleanse the political system of the country? (200 words)##Answer:.

20,078

Critically examine the significance of NOTA in elections in India. (150 words)

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##Question:Critically examine the significance of NOTA in elections in India. (150 words) ##Answer:,

20,079

Compare and contrast the powers of the Governor vis-à-vis- the President.

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##Question:Compare and contrast the powers of the Governor vis-à-vis- the President.##Answer:,

20,080

State funding is a possible solution but it alone will not do away with the black money-electoral politics nexus. Critically analyse. [200 Words]

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##Question:State funding is a possible solution but it alone will not do away with the black money-electoral politics nexus. Critically analyse. [200 Words]##Answer:,

20,081

Briefly discuss the recommendations made by Dinesh Goswami Committee.

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##Question:Briefly discuss the recommendations made by Dinesh Goswami Committee. ##Answer:,

20,083

Discuss the reforms suggested by Election Commission of India for decriminalization of politics.(200 word/10 marks)

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##Question:Discuss the reforms suggested by Election Commission of India for decriminalization of politics.(200 word/10 marks)##Answer:,

20,084

Criminalization of politics is a major challenge to representative democracy in India. Discuss the reasons for criminalization of politics in India and the reforms needed in this regard. [200 Words]

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##Question:Criminalization of politics is a major challenge to representative democracy in India. Discuss the reasons for criminalization of politics in India and the reforms needed in this regard. [200 Words]##Answer:,

20,085

In order to achieve the renewable energy target of 175 GW by the year 2022 which major sources of energy are being utilizedby India. Substantiate.

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##Question:In order to achieve the renewable energy target of 175 GW by the year 2022 which major sources of energy are being utilizedby India. Substantiate.##Answer:,

20,086

Enumerate the factors to be taken into considerations to determine the setting up of wind energy projects. (200 words)

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##Question:Enumerate the factors to be taken into considerations to determine the setting up of wind energy projects. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,087

Gandhara sculpture owed as much to the Romans as to the Greeks. Explain.

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##Question:Gandhara sculpture owed as much to the Romans as to the Greeks. Explain.##Answer:.

20,088

. To what extent it can be argued that 19th Century Peasant rebellions displayed a nationalist sentiment. Explain [200 Words/10 Marks]

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##Question:. To what extent it can be argued that 19th Century Peasant rebellions displayed a nationalist sentiment. Explain [200 Words/10 Marks]##Answer:.

20,089

Discuss the impact of the colonial tribal policies during the 19th and 20th Century. To what extent these policies have undergone a change in post-independence India?

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##Question:Discuss the impact of the colonial tribal policies during the 19th and 20th Century. To what extent these policies have undergone a change in post-independence India?##Answer:.

20,090

Though the issues that guided the peasant movements in 19th and 20th century were mostly similar, the approaches taken to tackle them were divergent. (200 words)

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##Question:Though the issues that guided the peasant movements in 19th and 20th century were mostly similar, the approaches taken to tackle them were divergent. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,091

To what extent the tribal policies in post-colonial India have witnessed a shift from their colonial counterparts? (150 Words/10 Marks)

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##Question:To what extent the tribal policies in post-colonial India have witnessed a shift from their colonial counterparts? (150 Words/10 Marks)##Answer:.

20,092

What is the significance of cave architecture in India? How are Chaityas different from Viharas? ( 250 words/ 15 marks )

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##Question:What is the significance of cave architecture in India? How are Chaityas different from Viharas? ( 250 words/ 15 marks )##Answer:.

20,093

Differentiate between the Mathura and Gandhara schools of sculpture. (250)

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##Question:Differentiate between the Mathura and Gandhara schools of sculpture. (250)##Answer:.

20,094

Briefly discuss the stages of formation of Universe with reference to the Big Bang theory. (200 words)

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##Question:Briefly discuss the stages of formation of Universe with reference to the Big Bang theory. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,095

Write short notes on the following (150 words/10 mark) Stars Galaxy Nebula

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##Question:Write short notes on the following (150 words/10 mark) Stars Galaxy Nebula ##Answer:.

20,096

What are seals? Illustrate the different types of seals. What purposes they served in Indus valley Civilisation? (10 marks/150 words)

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##Question:What are seals? Illustrate the different types of seals. What purposes they served in Indus valley Civilisation? (10 marks/150 words)##Answer:.

20,097

Discuss the salient features of Nagara style of temple architecture.

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##Question:Discuss the salient features of Nagara style of temple architecture.##Answer:.

20,098

Write a short note on Sarnath school of sculpture

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##Question:Write a short note on Sarnath school of sculpture##Answer:.

20,099

Compare and contrast the features of Odisha and Solanki school of architecture

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##Question:Compare and contrast the features of Odisha and Solanki school of architecture##Answer:.

20,100

Which events led to the Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909? Give an account of the major reforms and critically evaluate their impact on the Indian national struggle. (10 marks/150 words)

Approach Writing a brief introduction addressing the context - The objective of the Morley-Minto reforms. Elaborating on the events/causes that led to the enactment of the Indian Council Act 1909,in the British Parliament. Mentioning the major provisions of the act. Critical evaluation of the act on its impact on the Indian National Struggle. Conclusion The Indian Council act of 1909 also known as Morley-Minto Reform was in succession of the previous council acts of 1862 and 1892 with the objective of seeking the cooperation of the Indians in the administration of their country andpacifythe Indian congress leadership. The events/causes that led to the enactment of the Indian Council Act 1909,in the British Parliament. Rise of extremism - Extremist politics was rising within the Congress leaders who believed in more aggressive methods and mass politics. Rise of revolutionary terrorism - After Surat division 1907 - A new trend started called revolutionary terrorism different from extremism outside the INC party with the objective of complete independence.This movement believed in large scale killing of an unpopular British officer to create a fear psychosis in their heart and mind and formationof secret societies conspiring against Britishers. Swaraj for India -Continous demands for legislative reforms, self-governance and Indian representation in administration by the Indian National Congress. The Indian National Congress (INC) was also agitating for more reforms and self-governance of Indians demanding Swaraj for India (Gopal Krishna Gokhale met Morley in England to emphasize the need for reforms). In 1906 Congress demanded home rule for the first time and In December, 1906 Calcutta Session of Congress,the resolution of Swaraj was taken which was presided by Dada Bhai Naoroji. Partition of Bengal - The climax of divide and rule policy was in the form of Partition of Bengal carried out by Lord Curzon in 1905, whichled to a massive uprising in Bengal as a result. Ananti-partition movement started which transformed into a Swadeshi Boycott movement. Following this, the British authorities understood the need for some reforms in the governance of Indians. Shimla Deputation : A group of elite Muslims led by Aga Khan met Lord Minto in 1906 and placed their demand for a separate electorate for the Muslims. In this background, 1909, Morley-Minto act was passed - the major reforms introduced were - It considerably increased the size of the legislative councils, both Central and Provincial. It retained the official majority in the Central legislative council but allowed the provincial legislative councils to have a non-official majority. The majority of members in legislative and provincial councils were indirectly elected. It enlarged the deliberative functions of the legislative councils at both levels. Members were empowered todiscuss the budget and move resolutions. They could also discuss matters of public interest and ask supplementary questions. Indians were given membership to the Imperial Legislative Council for the first time. It provided for the association of Indians with the executive councils of the Viceroy and Governors. Satyendra Prasad Sinha became the first Indian to join the Viceroy"s executive council. He was appointed as the law member. It introduced a system of communal representation for Muslims by accepting the concept of separate electorate-System of Separate electorate (1909) mainly for Muslims both at Centre and Provincial legislature where some of the seats/constituency were reserved for Muslims (only Muslim candidate can contest elections and right to vote given only to richer and educated Muslims) Impact on the Indian national struggle - The act legalized communalism and Lord Minto came to be known as the father of the Communal Electorate.The act strengthened the roots of communalism to stem the growing tide of nationalism in the country by dividing the people and the political parties into communal lines. The stepsowed the seeds of communalism which culminated into the partition of the country along religious lines. The demand forSwaraj- colonial self-government by the INC and issues concerning masses wereneglected. Indian representation in the Viceroy executive council was a landmark event. Increased Indian representationin the legislative councils, especially at the provincial levels gave impetus to the national movement. The Morely-Minto reforms gave little concessions to the Indian National Congress neglecting the major issues concerning the masses and were largely intendedto strengthen theBrtish rule and weaken the national struggle.

##Question:Which events led to the Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909? Give an account of the major reforms and critically evaluate their impact on the Indian national struggle. (10 marks/150 words)##Answer:Approach Writing a brief introduction addressing the context - The objective of the Morley-Minto reforms. Elaborating on the events/causes that led to the enactment of the Indian Council Act 1909,in the British Parliament. Mentioning the major provisions of the act. Critical evaluation of the act on its impact on the Indian National Struggle. Conclusion The Indian Council act of 1909 also known as Morley-Minto Reform was in succession of the previous council acts of 1862 and 1892 with the objective of seeking the cooperation of the Indians in the administration of their country andpacifythe Indian congress leadership. The events/causes that led to the enactment of the Indian Council Act 1909,in the British Parliament. Rise of extremism - Extremist politics was rising within the Congress leaders who believed in more aggressive methods and mass politics. Rise of revolutionary terrorism - After Surat division 1907 - A new trend started called revolutionary terrorism different from extremism outside the INC party with the objective of complete independence.This movement believed in large scale killing of an unpopular British officer to create a fear psychosis in their heart and mind and formationof secret societies conspiring against Britishers. Swaraj for India -Continous demands for legislative reforms, self-governance and Indian representation in administration by the Indian National Congress. The Indian National Congress (INC) was also agitating for more reforms and self-governance of Indians demanding Swaraj for India (Gopal Krishna Gokhale met Morley in England to emphasize the need for reforms). In 1906 Congress demanded home rule for the first time and In December, 1906 Calcutta Session of Congress,the resolution of Swaraj was taken which was presided by Dada Bhai Naoroji. Partition of Bengal - The climax of divide and rule policy was in the form of Partition of Bengal carried out by Lord Curzon in 1905, whichled to a massive uprising in Bengal as a result. Ananti-partition movement started which transformed into a Swadeshi Boycott movement. Following this, the British authorities understood the need for some reforms in the governance of Indians. Shimla Deputation : A group of elite Muslims led by Aga Khan met Lord Minto in 1906 and placed their demand for a separate electorate for the Muslims. In this background, 1909, Morley-Minto act was passed - the major reforms introduced were - It considerably increased the size of the legislative councils, both Central and Provincial. It retained the official majority in the Central legislative council but allowed the provincial legislative councils to have a non-official majority. The majority of members in legislative and provincial councils were indirectly elected. It enlarged the deliberative functions of the legislative councils at both levels. Members were empowered todiscuss the budget and move resolutions. They could also discuss matters of public interest and ask supplementary questions. Indians were given membership to the Imperial Legislative Council for the first time. It provided for the association of Indians with the executive councils of the Viceroy and Governors. Satyendra Prasad Sinha became the first Indian to join the Viceroy"s executive council. He was appointed as the law member. It introduced a system of communal representation for Muslims by accepting the concept of separate electorate-System of Separate electorate (1909) mainly for Muslims both at Centre and Provincial legislature where some of the seats/constituency were reserved for Muslims (only Muslim candidate can contest elections and right to vote given only to richer and educated Muslims) Impact on the Indian national struggle - The act legalized communalism and Lord Minto came to be known as the father of the Communal Electorate.The act strengthened the roots of communalism to stem the growing tide of nationalism in the country by dividing the people and the political parties into communal lines. The stepsowed the seeds of communalism which culminated into the partition of the country along religious lines. The demand forSwaraj- colonial self-government by the INC and issues concerning masses wereneglected. Indian representation in the Viceroy executive council was a landmark event. Increased Indian representationin the legislative councils, especially at the provincial levels gave impetus to the national movement. The Morely-Minto reforms gave little concessions to the Indian National Congress neglecting the major issues concerning the masses and were largely intendedto strengthen theBrtish rule and weaken the national struggle.

20,101

Why was Bengal partitioned in 1905? How did it lead to the growth of extremist and militant Nationalism? Why was it annulled and with what consequences? (200 words)

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##Question:Why was Bengal partitioned in 1905? How did it lead to the growth of extremist and militant Nationalism? Why was it annulled and with what consequences? (200 words)##Answer:.

20,102

What factors led to Surat split? Analyse the separate demands of moderates and extremist.(200 words)

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##Question:What factors led to Surat split? Analyse the separate demands of moderates and extremist.(200 words)##Answer:.

20,103

what is the meaning of red shift? How does it explain the expansion of the universe?

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##Question:what is the meaning of red shift? How does it explain the expansion of the universe? ##Answer:.

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Write short notes on each of the following: Define the following terms: Dwarf Planets, Asteroid, Goldilocks zone, Exoplanet (50 words each)

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##Question:Write short notes on each of the following: Define the following terms: Dwarf Planets, Asteroid, Goldilocks zone, Exoplanet (50 words each)##Answer:.

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Discuss the town planning of Indus Valley civilisation with special reference to the structures and buildings found in different sites. (200 words) 10 marks.

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##Question:Discuss the town planning of Indus Valley civilisation with special reference to the structures and buildings found in different sites. (200 words) 10 marks.##Answer:.

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Why did the Anti- Vedic movement start in the later Vedic period? What is its significance?

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##Question:Why did the Anti- Vedic movement start in the later Vedic period? What is its significance?##Answer:.

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Critically examine the effects of inflation on Indian economy. Also discuss the measures taken by government to control inflation. [200 words]

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##Question:Critically examine the effects of inflation on Indian economy. Also discuss the measures taken by government to control inflation. [200 words]##Answer:.

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Mention the fiscal policy measures to control inflation.

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##Question:Mention the fiscal policy measures to control inflation.##Answer:.

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Briefly discuss the indices to measure inflation.

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##Question:Briefly discuss the indices to measure inflation.##Answer:.

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Discuss various causes of inflation associated with demand and supply of an economy. (200 words)

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##Question:Discuss various causes of inflation associated with demand and supply of an economy. (200 words)##Answer:.

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Explain the mechanism used by RBI under Ways and Means Advances. (150 words)

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##Question:Explain the mechanism used by RBI under Ways and Means Advances. (150 words)##Answer:.

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Explain the changes introduced by fourteenth finance commission in comparison to thirteenth finance commission. (100 words)

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##Question:Explain the changes introduced by fourteenth finance commission in comparison to thirteenth finance commission. (100 words)##Answer:.

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Although Chola architecture represents the climax in Dravidian architecture, the contribution of Pallavas was no less. Elucidate.

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##Question:Although Chola architecture represents the climax in Dravidian architecture, the contribution of Pallavas was no less. Elucidate.##Answer:.

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Discuss the features of Dravida style of architecture. How were they different from the Nagara style?

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##Question:Discuss the features of Dravida style of architecture. How were they different from the Nagara style?##Answer:.

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What were the changes in architectural patterns brought about by the advent of Indo-Islamic architecture in the sub-continent?

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##Question:What were the changes in architectural patterns brought about by the advent of Indo-Islamic architecture in the sub-continent?##Answer:.

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What do you understand by Capital Market? Discuss the different instruments of Capital Market. [200 words]

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##Question:What do you understand by Capital Market? Discuss the different instruments of Capital Market. [200 words]##Answer:.

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Write Short Notes on the following: 1. Inflation Indexed Bonds 2. Mutual Funds 3. Badla System 4. Rolling Settlement

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##Question:Write Short Notes on the following: 1. Inflation Indexed Bonds 2. Mutual Funds 3. Badla System 4. Rolling Settlement##Answer:.

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Differentiate between the tropical and temperate grasslands on the basis of location, vegetation, climate and economic activity. Give suitable examples.

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##Question:Differentiate between the tropical and temperate grasslands on the basis of location, vegetation, climate and economic activity. Give suitable examples.##Answer:.

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What are the different types of deserts in the world? Also, mention the type of vegetation and human activities in these regions? (150 marks/10 marks).

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##Question:What are the different types of deserts in the world? Also, mention the type of vegetation and human activities in these regions? (150 marks/10 marks).##Answer:.

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What do you understand by the Himalaya formation? Briefly explain the formation of different ranges of the Himalayas.[200Words]

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##Question:What do you understand by the Himalaya formation? Briefly explain the formation of different ranges of the Himalayas.[200Words] ##Answer:.

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Discuss the major factors which pushed Industrialisation in New industrialised countries.

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##Question:Discuss the major factors which pushed Industrialisation in New industrialised countries.##Answer:.

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Briefly explain the major factors which pushed industrialization in India after Independence.

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##Question:Briefly explain the major factors which pushed industrialization in India after Independence.##Answer:.

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