sid-th26/mains_question · Datasets at Hugging Face

In the recent news, there have been demands by few state governments to create Legislative Councils in their respective legislatures. Critically discuss desirability of establishing these bodies in states.

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##Question:In the recent news, there have been demands by few state governments to create Legislative Councils in their respective legislatures. Critically discuss desirability of establishing these bodies in states.##Answer:.

20,124

The relationship between legislative assembly of a State and its Council is quite different from that between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Discuss. (150 words)

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##Question:The relationship between legislative assembly of a State and its Council is quite different from that between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Discuss. (150 words)##Answer:.

20,125

Enumerate the Sarkaria Commission recommendations on the office of the Governor.

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##Question:Enumerate the Sarkaria Commission recommendations on the office of the Governor.##Answer:.

20,126

In recent days Judiciary took cognizance of many cases through Public interest litigation (PIL), which some time entered into executive ambit. Critically examine how PIL has increased its scope, the issues this has given rise to and the need for limiting it to its original constituents. [200Words]

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##Question:In recent days Judiciary took cognizance of many cases through Public interest litigation (PIL), which some time entered into executive ambit. Critically examine how PIL has increased its scope, the issues this has given rise to and the need for limiting it to its original constituents. [200Words] ##Answer:.

20,127

Write down the criticisms for the provision of Contempt of Court.

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##Question:Write down the criticisms for the provision of Contempt of Court.##Answer:.

20,128

Briefly explain the issue related to regional benches of the Supreme Court.

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##Question:Briefly explain the issue related to regional benches of the Supreme Court.##Answer:.

20,129

Transparency is a vital factor in constitutional governance and its need is more in the case of appointment process of Judges. In this context, analyse the evolution of appointment of judges in India and challenges with the present appointment system. (250 word)

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##Question:Transparency is a vital factor in constitutional governance and its need is more in the case of appointment process of Judges. In this context, analyse the evolution of appointment of judges in India and challenges with the present appointment system. (250 word)##Answer:.

20,130

What is the position of the Supreme Court under the Constitution of India? Discuss its role as a guardian of the Constitution. (200 words)

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##Question:What is the position of the Supreme Court under the Constitution of India? Discuss its role as a guardian of the Constitution. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,131

Right to privacy is natural right, which is born with the human being and extinguishes with human being. Analyse the evolution of right to privacy in India and bring its future repercussions. (200 words)

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##Question:Right to privacy is natural right, which is born with the human being and extinguishes with human being. Analyse the evolution of right to privacy in India and bring its future repercussions. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,132

There has been a spate of construction of hydropower construction projects by China on Brahamputra in the recent past. In the light of these developments, discuss its implications on India. Also suggest the way forward.

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##Question:There has been a spate of construction of hydropower construction projects by China on Brahamputra in the recent past. In the light of these developments, discuss its implications on India. Also suggest the way forward.##Answer:.

20,133

Do you think Siachen glacier should be demilitarised? Why or why not? (200 words) Nature: Medium

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##Question:Do you think Siachen glacier should be demilitarised? Why or why not? (200 words) Nature: Medium##Answer:.

20,134

Explain the issues in India due to tri junction border at Chumbi Valley. (200 words) Nature: Medium

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##Question:Explain the issues in India due to tri junction border at Chumbi Valley. (200 words) Nature: Medium##Answer:.

20,135

Pakistan follows the policy of ‘strategic depth’ in Afghanistan. Comment. (10 marks/150 words)

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##Question:Pakistan follows the policy of ‘strategic depth’ in Afghanistan. Comment. (10 marks/150 words)##Answer:.

20,136

What is an air mass? Explain different types of air masses. How do they lead to formation of fronts? (200 words)

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##Question:What is an air mass? Explain different types of air masses. How do they lead to formation of fronts? (200 words)##Answer:,

20,137

Write short notes on i. Rossby waves ii. Jet Streams iii. Barocline (50 words each)

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##Question:Write short notes on i. Rossby waves ii. Jet Streams iii. Barocline (50 words each)##Answer:,

20,138

What is a stationary front? (100 words)

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##Question:What is a stationary front? (100 words)##Answer:,

20,139

Unlike Rajya Sabha, Legislative Council is not the second house but a secondary house. In this context discuss the relevance of legislative councils. [200 words]

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##Question:Unlike Rajya Sabha, Legislative Council is not the second house but a secondary house. In this context discuss the relevance of legislative councils. [200 words]##Answer:.

20,140

Write short notes on the following: (50 words each) (10 marks) 1. Court of Record 2. Contempt of Court 3. Judicial Adventurism

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##Question:Write short notes on the following: (50 words each) (10 marks) 1. Court of Record 2. Contempt of Court 3. Judicial Adventurism##Answer:.

20,141

Discuss the process of appointment and removal of judges of Supreme Court of India. (150 words)

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##Question:Discuss the process of appointment and removal of judges of Supreme Court of India. (150 words)##Answer:.

20,142

why do planet have magnetic field explain with example? Also differentiate between Jovian and terrestrial planet.

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##Question:why do planet have magnetic field explain with example? Also differentiate between Jovian and terrestrial planet. ##Answer:.

20,143

What are latitudes and longitudes? Explain the significance of the latitude. Why is the equator most important line of latitude?

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##Question:What are latitudes and longitudes? Explain the significance of the latitude. Why is the equator most important line of latitude? ##Answer:.

20,144

What is the difference between Planets, Planetesimals and the Asteroids?(150 words)

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##Question:What is the difference between Planets, Planetesimals and the Asteroids?(150 words)##Answer:.

20,145

Write short notes on i. Structure of the Sun ii. Dwarf planets iii. Asteroids (50 words each)

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##Question:Write short notes on i. Structure of the Sun ii. Dwarf planets iii. Asteroids (50 words each)##Answer:.

20,146

What were the different schools of Indian Sculpture Art? Describe their characteristics features. Also mention the kingdoms which patronised these schools. (200 words) 10 marks

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##Question:What were the different schools of Indian Sculpture Art? Describe their characteristics features. Also mention the kingdoms which patronised these schools. (200 words) 10 marks##Answer:.

20,147

Discuss the features of pottery of the Mauryan period. How is it distinct from the earlier pottery techniques?[150 words/ 10 marks]

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##Question:Discuss the features of pottery of the Mauryan period. How is it distinct from the earlier pottery techniques?[150 words/ 10 marks]##Answer:.

20,148

The two countries have to walk a tightrope in order to consolidate the trust and confidence they have accumulated hitherto for years. Discuss in the light of US-INDIA relationship.

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##Question:The two countries have to walk a tightrope in order to consolidate the trust and confidence they have accumulated hitherto for years. Discuss in the light of US-INDIA relationship.##Answer:.

20,149

Discuss the India-EU trade partnership in the light of recent issues involved.

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##Question:Discuss the India-EU trade partnership in the light of recent issues involved.##Answer:.

20,150

Write a short note on: 1.IBSA 2.BRICS

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##Question:Write a short note on: 1.IBSA 2.BRICS##Answer:.

20,151

Discuss the recent reforms taken place in the World Bank and IMF.

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##Question:Discuss the recent reforms taken place in the World Bank and IMF.##Answer:.

20,152

Though PIL’s have restored the independence of the apex court, it has been achieved at a cost. Critically analyse. (200 words)

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##Question:Though PIL’s have restored the independence of the apex court, it has been achieved at a cost. Critically analyse. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,153

There is a fine line that separates Judicial activism from Judicial overreach. Elucidate. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:There is a fine line that separates Judicial activism from Judicial overreach. Elucidate. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,154

Discuss the supervisory powers of High courts over the sub-ordinate courts.( 150 words)

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##Question:Discuss the supervisory powers of High courts over the sub-ordinate courts.( 150 words)##Answer:.

20,155

What do you understand by front? Explain different types of front formation and associated weather phenomena. [200 words]

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##Question:What do you understand by front? Explain different types of front formation and associated weather phenomena. [200 words]##Answer:.

20,156

What do you understand by the Inter tropical convergence zone? How does it help in the formation of Tropical cyclones? [150 words]

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##Question:What do you understand by the Inter tropical convergence zone? How does it help in the formation of Tropical cyclones? [150 words]##Answer:.

20,157

What is storm surge and how are they created? [200 words]

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##Question:What is storm surge and how are they created? [200 words]##Answer:.

20,158

Judicial activism is a result of legislative and executive inefficiencies of Indian polity and significant for the protection of constitutionalism in India but judicial activism must not become judicial overreach. Critically Examine. [200 words]

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##Question:Judicial activism is a result of legislative and executive inefficiencies of Indian polity and significant for the protection of constitutionalism in India but judicial activism must not become judicial overreach. Critically Examine. [200 words]##Answer:.

20,159

What do you understand by Public Interest Litigation? Discuss some of the recent judgments of Supreme Court under PIL.(150 words / 10 marks)

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##Question:What do you understand by Public Interest Litigation? Discuss some of the recent judgments of Supreme Court under PIL.(150 words / 10 marks)##Answer:.

20,160

Discuss the significance of Lok Adalats in India. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Discuss the significance of Lok Adalats in India. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,161

what causes the formation of day and night? Also explain the effect of rotation and revolution of the earth.

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##Question:what causes the formation of day and night? Also explain the effect of rotation and revolution of the earth.##Answer:.

20,162

What is the relevance of volcanic activity for the earth starting from the beginning of the earth?

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##Question:What is the relevance of volcanic activity for the earth starting from the beginning of the earth?##Answer:.

20,163

Why temperature increases with increase in latitude? (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Why temperature increases with increase in latitude? (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,164

what do you understand by time zones? (150 words)

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##Question:what do you understand by time zones? (150 words)##Answer:.

20,165

write short notes on i. Solstice and Equinox ii. International Date Line iii. Degassing (50 words each)

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##Question:write short notes on i. Solstice and Equinox ii. International Date Line iii. Degassing (50 words each)##Answer:.

20,166

Describe the salient features of Nagara style of temple architecture. Mention its different styles with suitable examples. 200 words (10 marks)

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##Question:Describe the salient features of Nagara style of temple architecture. Mention its different styles with suitable examples. 200 words (10 marks)##Answer:.

20,167

Write a short note on paintings of Ajanta Caves. (150 words)

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##Question:Write a short note on paintings of Ajanta Caves. (150 words)##Answer:.

20,168

Critically analyze the implications of Lucknow Pact, 1916 for India’s freedom struggle.[200 words]

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##Question:Critically analyze the implications of Lucknow Pact, 1916 for India’s freedom struggle.[200 words] ##Answer:.

20,169

What was the Komagata Maru incident? What is its significance in Indian history? (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:What was the Komagata Maru incident? What is its significance in Indian history? (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,170

Discuss the moderate phase of Mahatma Gandhi’s struggle for Indian workers in South Africa.[100 words]

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##Question:Discuss the moderate phase of Mahatma Gandhi’s struggle for Indian workers in South Africa.[100 words] ##Answer:.

20,171

What is “Democratic Decentralization”? Discuss its evolution in India over the years. (200 words)

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##Question:What is “Democratic Decentralization”? Discuss its evolution in India over the years. (200 words) ##Answer:.

20,172

Article 136 is responsible for the increase in pendency of cases. Critically comment.

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##Question:Article 136 is responsible for the increase in pendency of cases. Critically comment.##Answer:.

20,173

Write short notes on the following: (150 words/10 marks) a. Original Jurisdiction b. Advisory Jurisdiction

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##Question:Write short notes on the following: (150 words/10 marks) a. Original Jurisdiction b. Advisory Jurisdiction##Answer:.

20,174

In the 18th century, India was marked by a number of successor and rebellious states, to what extent Mysore was a stand-alone exception among them? Discuss. (10 Marks/ 150 words)

BRIEF APPROACH -INTRODUCTION - THE EXTENT TO WHICH MYSORE WAS A STAND-ALONE EXCEPTION AMONGST THE PRINCELY STATES OF THE TIME -CONCLUSION- The marring of this distinct characteristic of the Mysore state ANSWER:- 18TH century India was marked by many important Princely states, the likes of Hyderabad, Mysore, Travancore etc. But Mysore was a marked distinction and stand-alone exception amongst them. As compared to any regional state that existed in the 20th century, Mysore was a modern state- technologically advanced and efficient. For example, they organized their army on the lines of the European army. There was development in agriculture, the system of administration, the military etc. THE EXTENT TO WHICH MYSORE WAS A STAND-ALONE EXCEPTION AMONGST THE PRINCELY STATES OF THE TIME This distinction was in terms of technological advancements and modernity. In this way, it was quite different from the Marathas, which depended upon traditional methods of guerilla warfare or even Mysore and Travancore, which depended upon the support of the British. Mysore tried to assert its independence based on technological development and self-sufficiency. This was achieved via the following methods: 1) A VERY STRONG ARMY ORGANISED ON MODERN LINES: Haider Ali believed that there were 2 big adversaries of Mysore- the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad. (While the Marathas were experts in guerrilla warfare, the Nizam was the protégé of the Britishers, so he had good equipment). So, to tackle these problems, he emphasized on a very strong army. For the technological part of the army, an arsenal was created at Dindigul with the help of the French. 1.1) WESTERNIZATION : He also introduced western methods of training for his army. 1.2) RISALA SYSTEM: He organized his army through the system of Risala i.e. the system of military administration, with a chain of command going up to the ruler. Haider Ali created many Risalas (the units were called Risalas)- In each Risala, there were a definite number of soldiers, horses, and weapons, and also a definite number of commanders. These commanders were directly appointed by Haider Ali himself. Hence, there was a direct chain of command- the soldiers followed the command of the commanders, who followed the command of Haider Ali. 1.3) SUBJUGATION: This way he was able to subjugate the local minor chiefs, the hereditary overlords like the Deshmukh (it was a title given to the heads of the Parganas) and the poligars (i.e. the landlords in Kerala, Karnataka etc.) This way, he created a very strong army. Also, his state became a state of military fiscalism. 2) Centralized REVENUE ADMINISTRATION OF MYSORE: Also, he established a very strong and efficient revenue administration. He did not leave any scope for intermediaries. 2.1) The land revenue system was based upon a detailed survey and classification of the land (In the medieval period, this process of the land survey was started by Ala-ud-din Khilji and the system of the classification of land was started by Akbar - both these systems were clubbed together by Haider Ali). 2.2) The state directly negotiated the rates with the peasants and directly collected the revenue via the salaried military officials in cash. This increased the revenue of Mysore enormously. This way, even the peasants benefitted, as they were not exploited. 3) MILITARY FISCALISM: The land revenue system of Haider Ali, and later on of Tipu Sultan, has been termed as military fiscalism. In this, the taxes were directly collected by the state machinery. With this revenue, he maintained a very strong military/ army (without an intermediary). 4) AGRICULTURE: In order to expand the resource base, irrigation facilities were increased and the old irrigation systems were repaired to promote agriculture. Haider Ali believed that agriculture should be the main pillar of development. So, he promoted irrigation and agricultural manufacturing (sericulture), in and around Mysore. This way Mysore was a modern state with a modern outlook. Tipu Sultan continued and took this modernity to more heights. He supported the French Revolution (1789), introduced a new calendar etc. However, this exception and stand-alone characteristic of the Mysore state did not last long- After the death of Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan (Tipu died bravely defending his capital Seringapatam, in the IVth Anglo-Mysore War), the state was soon engulfed under the British system of subsidiary alliance (by Warren Hastings) and was made to run on similar lines as the other princely states.

##Question:In the 18th century, India was marked by a number of successor and rebellious states, to what extent Mysore was a stand-alone exception among them? Discuss. (10 Marks/ 150 words)##Answer:BRIEF APPROACH -INTRODUCTION - THE EXTENT TO WHICH MYSORE WAS A STAND-ALONE EXCEPTION AMONGST THE PRINCELY STATES OF THE TIME -CONCLUSION- The marring of this distinct characteristic of the Mysore state ANSWER:- 18TH century India was marked by many important Princely states, the likes of Hyderabad, Mysore, Travancore etc. But Mysore was a marked distinction and stand-alone exception amongst them. As compared to any regional state that existed in the 20th century, Mysore was a modern state- technologically advanced and efficient. For example, they organized their army on the lines of the European army. There was development in agriculture, the system of administration, the military etc. THE EXTENT TO WHICH MYSORE WAS A STAND-ALONE EXCEPTION AMONGST THE PRINCELY STATES OF THE TIME This distinction was in terms of technological advancements and modernity. In this way, it was quite different from the Marathas, which depended upon traditional methods of guerilla warfare or even Mysore and Travancore, which depended upon the support of the British. Mysore tried to assert its independence based on technological development and self-sufficiency. This was achieved via the following methods: 1) A VERY STRONG ARMY ORGANISED ON MODERN LINES: Haider Ali believed that there were 2 big adversaries of Mysore- the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad. (While the Marathas were experts in guerrilla warfare, the Nizam was the protégé of the Britishers, so he had good equipment). So, to tackle these problems, he emphasized on a very strong army. For the technological part of the army, an arsenal was created at Dindigul with the help of the French. 1.1) WESTERNIZATION : He also introduced western methods of training for his army. 1.2) RISALA SYSTEM: He organized his army through the system of Risala i.e. the system of military administration, with a chain of command going up to the ruler. Haider Ali created many Risalas (the units were called Risalas)- In each Risala, there were a definite number of soldiers, horses, and weapons, and also a definite number of commanders. These commanders were directly appointed by Haider Ali himself. Hence, there was a direct chain of command- the soldiers followed the command of the commanders, who followed the command of Haider Ali. 1.3) SUBJUGATION: This way he was able to subjugate the local minor chiefs, the hereditary overlords like the Deshmukh (it was a title given to the heads of the Parganas) and the poligars (i.e. the landlords in Kerala, Karnataka etc.) This way, he created a very strong army. Also, his state became a state of military fiscalism. 2) Centralized REVENUE ADMINISTRATION OF MYSORE: Also, he established a very strong and efficient revenue administration. He did not leave any scope for intermediaries. 2.1) The land revenue system was based upon a detailed survey and classification of the land (In the medieval period, this process of the land survey was started by Ala-ud-din Khilji and the system of the classification of land was started by Akbar - both these systems were clubbed together by Haider Ali). 2.2) The state directly negotiated the rates with the peasants and directly collected the revenue via the salaried military officials in cash. This increased the revenue of Mysore enormously. This way, even the peasants benefitted, as they were not exploited. 3) MILITARY FISCALISM: The land revenue system of Haider Ali, and later on of Tipu Sultan, has been termed as military fiscalism. In this, the taxes were directly collected by the state machinery. With this revenue, he maintained a very strong military/ army (without an intermediary). 4) AGRICULTURE: In order to expand the resource base, irrigation facilities were increased and the old irrigation systems were repaired to promote agriculture. Haider Ali believed that agriculture should be the main pillar of development. So, he promoted irrigation and agricultural manufacturing (sericulture), in and around Mysore. This way Mysore was a modern state with a modern outlook. Tipu Sultan continued and took this modernity to more heights. He supported the French Revolution (1789), introduced a new calendar etc. However, this exception and stand-alone characteristic of the Mysore state did not last long- After the death of Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan (Tipu died bravely defending his capital Seringapatam, in the IVth Anglo-Mysore War), the state was soon engulfed under the British system of subsidiary alliance (by Warren Hastings) and was made to run on similar lines as the other princely states.

20,175

discuss the event that shaped the Anglo French rivalry in Carnatic region also in what ways the treaty of Paris shape 18 th century India.

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##Question:discuss the event that shaped the Anglo French rivalry in Carnatic region also in what ways the treaty of Paris shape 18 th century India.##Answer:.

20,176

In many ways Mysore represented the elements of being a modern state in 18 th century India. In the light of above statement discuss to what extant Mysore represented an advancement over 18 th century counterparts

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##Question:In many ways Mysore represented the elements of being a modern state in 18 th century India. In the light of above statement discuss to what extant Mysore represented an advancement over 18 th century counterparts ##Answer:.

20,177

Anglo Mysore wars were as much the result of Mysore aggressive expansion as it was result of British policy. (150 words)

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##Question:Anglo Mysore wars were as much the result of Mysore aggressive expansion as it was result of British policy. (150 words)##Answer:.

20,178

What are Participatory Notes (P-Notes)? What are the effects of P-Notes on Indian economy? Briefly mention the steps taken to regulate P-Notes. [200 Words]

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##Question:What are Participatory Notes (P-Notes)? What are the effects of P-Notes on Indian economy? Briefly mention the steps taken to regulate P-Notes. [200 Words]##Answer:.

20,179

Critically examine the significance of Masala Bonds for Indian Economy. (150 words, 10 marks)

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##Question:Critically examine the significance of Masala Bonds for Indian Economy. (150 words, 10 marks)##Answer:.

20,180

Differentiate between ADR and IDR

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##Question:Differentiate between ADR and IDR##Answer:.

20,181

Briefly discuss the significance of Future and Option derivatives in Indian economy. (200 words)

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##Question:Briefly discuss the significance of Future and Option derivatives in Indian economy. (200 words)##Answer:.

20,182

What are tides? Explain the formation of tides by discussing the interactions of different forces. (200 words) 10 marks

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##Question:What are tides? Explain the formation of tides by discussing the interactions of different forces. (200 words) 10 marks##Answer:.

20,183

Write short notes on: a) Permafrost b) Placer deposits

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##Question:Write short notes on: a) Permafrost b) Placer deposits##Answer:.

20,184

Mughal architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of Indo-Islamic architecture. Elucidate.

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##Question:Mughal architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of Indo-Islamic architecture. Elucidate.##Answer:.

20,185

Discuss the evolution of Indo-Islamic architecture during the Sultanate rule.

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##Question:Discuss the evolution of Indo-Islamic architecture during the Sultanate rule.##Answer:.

20,186

Discuss Rajput architecture with examples. (10 marks/150 words)

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##Question:Discuss Rajput architecture with examples. (10 marks/150 words)##Answer:.

20,187

Marathas in many ways had the potential to become the next pan-Indian empire after the Mughals in the 18th century in India. This they failed to do due to the nature of Maratha"s polity itself. Explain. (150 words/10 Marks).

Approach: Introduction: Briefly introduce the potential of the Maratha kingdom to become a pan-India empire. Body: Discuss the weakness in the nature of the polity of Marathas as the reason behind the failure of Marathas in forming the pan-Indian empire. Conclusion: Give a balanced conclusion commenting on the conditions that paved the entry for the British to fill the void created by the fall of the Mughal empire. Model Answer: The Mughal Empire declined in the first half of the eighteenth century. The political vacuum was filled by the rise of regional states like Bengal, Hyderabad, Awadh, Punjab and the Maratha Kingdom. By 1740 the Maratha state had acquired control over large territories of the Mughal Empire and thus among these regional states, Marathas were perhaps the only regional state that had the potential to develop into a Pan-Indian empire replacing the Mughals. But that potential was never fully realized because of the nature of the Maratha polity itself. Reasons: Maratha"s administration was thoroughly autocratic. It was not based on the habitual allegiance of the people. Marathas did not succeed in creating large territorial empires which eventually proved to be such an important weakness that their collective strength was not adequate to prevent the British onslaught. Maratha confederacy was caught in the meshes of mutual hostilities and machinations; the result was that the Marathas could not put up that unity, sense of purpose, strength, and patriotism which were necessary to make an Indian empire. There was no well-thought-out policy or plan for building up the Maratha Power and it was a due dearth of men of strong personalities like Shiva Ji -the structure of the Maratha Empire began to crumble down. Local revenue officers or Deshmukh and zamindars took advantage of the dynastic factionalism that followed the death of Shivaji in 1680, by sometimes joining hands with the Marathas and sometimes aligning with the Mughals. The Maratha state had contradictory functions – on the one hand, they tried to help the peasants who did not have land and on the other, they were trying to expand their empire and plunder areas. The Maratha state did not transfer jagirs which invariably led to the creation of rival power centres. The Maratha state thus could not become an alternative to the Mughal Empire because of the nature of its structure which consisted of power being shared among chiefs, Sardars, and Deshmukh. In the meantime, the English emerged as a new contender for power in the turbulent politics of 18th-century India.

##Question:Marathas in many ways had the potential to become the next pan-Indian empire after the Mughals in the 18th century in India. This they failed to do due to the nature of Maratha"s polity itself. Explain. (150 words/10 Marks).##Answer:Approach: Introduction: Briefly introduce the potential of the Maratha kingdom to become a pan-India empire. Body: Discuss the weakness in the nature of the polity of Marathas as the reason behind the failure of Marathas in forming the pan-Indian empire. Conclusion: Give a balanced conclusion commenting on the conditions that paved the entry for the British to fill the void created by the fall of the Mughal empire. Model Answer: The Mughal Empire declined in the first half of the eighteenth century. The political vacuum was filled by the rise of regional states like Bengal, Hyderabad, Awadh, Punjab and the Maratha Kingdom. By 1740 the Maratha state had acquired control over large territories of the Mughal Empire and thus among these regional states, Marathas were perhaps the only regional state that had the potential to develop into a Pan-Indian empire replacing the Mughals. But that potential was never fully realized because of the nature of the Maratha polity itself. Reasons: Maratha"s administration was thoroughly autocratic. It was not based on the habitual allegiance of the people. Marathas did not succeed in creating large territorial empires which eventually proved to be such an important weakness that their collective strength was not adequate to prevent the British onslaught. Maratha confederacy was caught in the meshes of mutual hostilities and machinations; the result was that the Marathas could not put up that unity, sense of purpose, strength, and patriotism which were necessary to make an Indian empire. There was no well-thought-out policy or plan for building up the Maratha Power and it was a due dearth of men of strong personalities like Shiva Ji -the structure of the Maratha Empire began to crumble down. Local revenue officers or Deshmukh and zamindars took advantage of the dynastic factionalism that followed the death of Shivaji in 1680, by sometimes joining hands with the Marathas and sometimes aligning with the Mughals. The Maratha state had contradictory functions – on the one hand, they tried to help the peasants who did not have land and on the other, they were trying to expand their empire and plunder areas. The Maratha state did not transfer jagirs which invariably led to the creation of rival power centres. The Maratha state thus could not become an alternative to the Mughal Empire because of the nature of its structure which consisted of power being shared among chiefs, Sardars, and Deshmukh. In the meantime, the English emerged as a new contender for power in the turbulent politics of 18th-century India.

20,188

In what way administration of company was different from that of Indian ruler?

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##Question:In what way administration of company was different from that of Indian ruler?##Answer:.

20,189

“The Third Battle of Panipat that changed the power equation in India”. In the light of this statement how third battle of Panipat give rise to the British power in India?

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##Question:“The Third Battle of Panipat that changed the power equation in India”. In the light of this statement how third battle of Panipat give rise to the British power in India?##Answer:.

20,190

The process of Marathas decline began in 1761 but ended in 1817? Elaborate

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##Question:The process of Marathas decline began in 1761 but ended in 1817? Elaborate##Answer:.

20,191

The 3 rd battle of Panipat was decisive in many ways as it determined who would not become the All India power.Discuss(150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:The 3 rd battle of Panipat was decisive in many ways as it determined who would not become the All India power.Discuss(150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,192

What do you mean by Insolvency and Bankruptcy? Will the Bankruptcy Code 2016 be able to simplify the procedure of Bankruptcy in India? [200 words]

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##Question:What do you mean by Insolvency and Bankruptcy? Will the Bankruptcy Code 2016 be able to simplify the procedure of Bankruptcy in India? [200 words]##Answer:.

20,193

Write Short Notes on the following: i. Twin Deficit ii. Quantitative Easing iii. Balance of Trade

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##Question:Write Short Notes on the following: i. Twin Deficit ii. Quantitative Easing iii. Balance of Trade ##Answer:.

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Current Account Deficit is a much severe condition than Fiscal Deficit. Discuss

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##Question:Current Account Deficit is a much severe condition than Fiscal Deficit. Discuss ##Answer:.

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Discuss the effects of Current Account Surplus and Current Deficit on Indian Economy. (10 marks/150 words)

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##Question:Discuss the effects of Current Account Surplus and Current Deficit on Indian Economy. (10 marks/150 words)##Answer:.

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Mahatma Gandhi’s entry into Indian politics was marked by a paradigm shift in India’s war of independence. Elucidate [200 words]

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##Question:Mahatma Gandhi’s entry into Indian politics was marked by a paradigm shift in India’s war of independence. Elucidate [200 words]##Answer:.

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Explain the Montague-Chelmsford reforms that satisfied the demands of moderates. [150 words]

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##Question:Explain the Montague-Chelmsford reforms that satisfied the demands of moderates. [150 words]##Answer:.

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Critically analyze the causes of the end of Non-Cooperation movement in India. (150 words]

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##Question:Critically analyze the causes of the end of Non-Cooperation movement in India. (150 words]##Answer:.

20,199

Compare the features of the Nagara style and Dravidian style of temple architecture. Explain how Vesara style of temple architecture is a combination of both these styles. 200 words (10 marks)

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##Question:Compare the features of the Nagara style and Dravidian style of temple architecture. Explain how Vesara style of temple architecture is a combination of both these styles. 200 words (10 marks)##Answer:.

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Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple architecture. Discuss. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Chola architecture represents a high watermark in the evolution of temple architecture. Discuss. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

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Write a short note on the Sarnath school of sculpture making. (5 marks | 100 words )

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##Question:Write a short note on the Sarnath school of sculpture making. (5 marks | 100 words )##Answer:.

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Militant Nationalism was an expression in response to the reactionary policies of the British government. Analyze [200 words]

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##Question:Militant Nationalism was an expression in response to the reactionary policies of the British government. Analyze [200 words]##Answer:.

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Briefly discuss the demands of Muslims in Delhi proposal. [100 words]

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##Question:Briefly discuss the demands of Muslims in Delhi proposal. [100 words]##Answer:.

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Discuss the significance of the Gandhi-Irwin pact. [150 words/10 marks]

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##Question:Discuss the significance of the Gandhi-Irwin pact. [150 words/10 marks]##Answer:.

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To what extent has the urban planning and culture of the Indus Valley Civilization provided inputs to the present day urbanization? Discuss.

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##Question:To what extent has the urban planning and culture of the Indus Valley Civilization provided inputs to the present day urbanization? Discuss.##Answer:.

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How was Neo Roman architecture different from Indo-Gothic architecture?( 150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:How was Neo Roman architecture different from Indo-Gothic architecture?( 150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,207

Discuss the major sects of Buddhism. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Discuss the major sects of Buddhism. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:.

20,208

Critically examine the performance of 28 month Congress rule between 1937 and 1939. Also discuss the significance of the congress rule on Indian freedom struggle. [200 Words]

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##Question:Critically examine the performance of 28 month Congress rule between 1937 and 1939. Also discuss the significance of the congress rule on Indian freedom struggle. [200 Words]##Answer:.

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In your opinion which of the international events or domestic issues picked up by the INC were a key determinant of Indian freedom?

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##Question:In your opinion which of the international events or domestic issues picked up by the INC were a key determinant of Indian freedom?##Answer:.

20,210

Write Short Notes on the following: ( 100 words each) i.Muslim League session of 1940 ii. Tripuri Session of INC

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##Question:Write Short Notes on the following: ( 100 words each) i.Muslim League session of 1940 ii. Tripuri Session of INC##Answer:.

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What are the different types of corals? What are the conditions favourable for their growth in different parts of the world?

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##Question:What are the different types of corals? What are the conditions favourable for their growth in different parts of the world?##Answer:,

20,212

Discus the thermohaline circulations in the ocean. What are the drivers of these circulations and how are they affected?

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##Question:Discus the thermohaline circulations in the ocean. What are the drivers of these circulations and how are they affected?##Answer:,

20,213

Discuss the factors that led to the decline of Buddhism in India.

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##Question:Discuss the factors that led to the decline of Buddhism in India.##Answer:.

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Buddhism and Jainism though distinct share many commonalities. Discuss.

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##Question:Buddhism and Jainism though distinct share many commonalities. Discuss.##Answer:.

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Discuss Vedanta Philosophy. Elaborate upon the contributions of later philosophers towards it.

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##Question:Discuss Vedanta Philosophy. Elaborate upon the contributions of later philosophers towards it.##Answer:.

20,216

Explain why cyclones are more prevalent in Bay of Bengal than in the Arabian Sea? [200 words]

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##Question:Explain why cyclones are more prevalent in Bay of Bengal than in the Arabian Sea? [200 words]##Answer:.

20,217

Explain why cyclones are more prevalent in Bay of Bengal than in the Arabian Sea? [200 words]

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##Question:Explain why cyclones are more prevalent in Bay of Bengal than in the Arabian Sea? [200 words]##Answer:.

20,218

How did the British Parliament regulate the activities of the East India Company in India? Also explain how was the Pitts Act of 1784 different from the Regulating Act of 1773? (200 words)

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##Question:How did the British Parliament regulate the activities of the East India Company in India? Also explain how was the Pitts Act of 1784 different from the Regulating Act of 1773? (200 words)##Answer:,

20,219

Discuss the challenges given by the Physiocrats to mercantilists. (150 words/10 marks)

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##Question:Discuss the challenges given by the Physiocrats to mercantilists. (150 words/10 marks)##Answer:,

20,220

The railways in many ways furthered the political and economic interest of British in India.

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##Question:The railways in many ways furthered the political and economic interest of British in India.##Answer:,

20,221

Cambridge historian has often argued that railways constructed by British in India was a sustainable legacy left behind by them for Indian benefits. To what extent do you think that this assertion is correct?

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##Question:Cambridge historian has often argued that railways constructed by British in India was a sustainable legacy left behind by them for Indian benefits. To what extent do you think that this assertion is correct?##Answer:,

20,222

Mughal period represents the high watermark in the evolution of Indo- Islamic architecture. Elaborate. 200 words

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##Question:Mughal period represents the high watermark in the evolution of Indo- Islamic architecture. Elaborate. 200 words##Answer:,

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