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cloths and robes, succeed in ascending to heaven[231]. Those men who make public pleasure-houses and gardens and wells,
resting houses and buildings for public meetings and tanks for enabling cattle and men to quench their thirst, and fields for
cultivation, O Bharata, succeed in ascending to heaven.[232] Those men who make gifts of houses and fields and populated
villages unto persons that solicit them, succeed in ascending to heaven. Those men who having themselves manufactured juicy
drinks of sweet taste and seeds and paddy or rice, make gifts of them unto others succeed in ascending to heaven. Those men
who being born in families high or low beget hundreds of children and live long lives practising compassion and keeping wrath
under complete subjection, succeed in ascending to heaven. I have thus expounded to thee, O Bharata, what the rites are in
honour of the deities and the Pitris which are performed by people for the sake of the other world, what the ordinances are in
respect of making gifts, and what the views are of the Rishis of former times in respect of both the articles of gift and the
manner of giving them.'"
SECTION XXIV
"Yudhishthira said, 'O royal son of Bharata's race, it behoveth thee to answer this question of mine truly and in detail. What are
those circumstances under which a person may become guilty of Brahmanicide without actually slaying a Brahmana!'
"Bhishma said, 'Formerly, O monarch, I had one day requested Vyasa to explain to me this very subject. I shall now narrate to
thee what Vyasa told me on that occasion. Do thou listen to it with undivided attention. Repairing to the presence of Vyasa, I
addressed him, saying,--Thou, O great ascetic, art the fourth in descent from Vasishtha. Do thou explain to me this. What are
those circumstances under which one becomes guilty of Brahmanicide without actually slaying a Brahmana,--Thus addressed
by me, the son of Parasara's loins, O king, well-skilled 'n the science of morality, made me the following answer, at once
excellent and fraught with certainty, Thou shouldst know that man as guilty of Brahmanicide who having of his own will
invited a Brahmana of righteous conduct to his house for giving him alms subsequently refuses to give anything to him on the
pretence of there being nothing in the house. Thou shouldst, O Bharata, know that man as guilty of Brahmanicide who destroys
the means of living of a Brahmana learned in the Vedas and all their branches, and who is freed from attachments to worldly
creatures and goods. Thou shouldst, O king, know that man to be guilty of Brahmanicide, who causes obstructions in the way
of thirsty kine while employed in quenching that thirst. Thou shouldst take that man as guilty of Brahmanicide who, without
studying the Srutis that have flowed from preceptor to pupil for ages and ages together, finds fault with the Srutis or with those
scriptures that have been composed by the Rishis. Thou shouldst know that man as guilty of Brahmanicide who does not
bestow upon a suitable bride-groom his daughter possessed of beauty and other excellent accomplishments. Thou shouldst
know that foolish and sinful person to be guilty of Brahmanicide who inflicts such grief upon Brahmanas as afflict the very
core of their hearts. Thou shouldst know that man to be guilty of Brahmanicide who robs the blind, the lame, and idiots of their
all. Thou shouldst know that man to be guilty of Brahmanicide who sets fire to the retreats of ascetics or to woods or to a
village or a town.'"
SECTION XXV
"Yudhishthira said, 'It has been said that sojourns to sacred waters as fraught with merit; that ablutions in such waters is
meritorious; and that listening to the excellence of such waters is also meritorious. I desire to hear thee expatiate on this
subject, O grandsire. It behoveth thee, O chief of Bharata's race, to mention to me the sacred waters that exist on this earth. I
desire, O thou of great puissance, to hear thee discourse on this topic.'
"Bhishma said, 'O thou of great splendour, the following enumeration of the sacred waters on the Earth was made by Angiras.
Blessed be thou, it behoveth thee to listen to it for thou shalt then earn great merit. Once on a time, Gautama of rigid vows,
approaching the great and learned Rishi Angiras endued with tranquillity of soul, while he was dwelling in a forest, questioned
him, saying,--O illustrious one, I have some doubts regarding the merits attaching to sacred waters and shrines. So I desire to
hear thee discourse on that topic. Do thou, therefore, O ascetic, discourse to me. What merits are earned by a person in respect
of the next world, by bathing in the sacred waters on the Earth, O thou of great wisdom? Do thou expound to me this truly and
according to the ordinance.'
"Angiras said, 'A person by bathing for seven days in succession in the Chandrabhaga or the Vitasta whose waters are always
seen to dance in waves, observing a fast the while, is sure to become cleansed of all his sins and endued with the merit of an
ascetic.[233] The very many rivers that flowing through Kasmira, fall into the great river called Sindhu (Indus). By bathing in
these rivers one is sure to become endued with good character and to ascend to heaven after departing from this world. By
bathing in Pushkara, and Prabhasa, and Naimisha, and the ocean, and Devika, and Indramarga, and Swarnavindu, one is sure to
ascend to heaven being seated on a celestial car, and filled with transports of joy at the adorations of Apsara. By plunging in
the waters of Hiranyavindu with a concentrated mind and reverencing that sacred stream, and bathing next at Kusesaya and
Devendra, one becomes cleansed of all one's sins. Repairing to Indratoya in the vicinity of the mountains of Gandhamadana
and next to Karatoya in the country called Kuranga, one should observe a fast for three days and then bathe in those sacred
waters with a concentrated heart and pure body. By doing this, one is sure to acquire the merit of a Horse-sacrifice. Bathing in
Gangadwara and Kusavarta and Vilwaka in the Nita mountains, as also in Kankhala, one is sure to become cleansed of all one's
sins and then ascend to heaven. If one becomes a Brahmacharin and subdues one's wrath, devotes oneself to truth and practises
compassion towards all creatures, and then bathes in the Jala parda (Lake of Waters), one is sure to acquire the merit of a
Horse-sacrifice. That part where Bhagirathi-Ganga flows in a northward direction is known as the union of heaven, earth, and
the nether regions. Observing a fast for one month and bathing in that sacred Tirtha which is known to be acceptable to
Maheswara, one becomes competent to behold the deities. One who gives oblations of water unto one's Pitris at Saptaganga
and Triganga and Indramarga, obtains ambrosia for food, if one has still to undergo rebirth. The man who in a pure state of
body and mind attends to his daily Agnihotra and observes a fast for one month and then baths in Mahasrama, is sure to attain
success in one month. By bathing, after a fast of three days and purifying the mind of all evil passions, in the large lake of
Bhrigu Kunda, one becomes cleansed of even the sin of Brahmanicide. By bathing in Kanyakupa and performing one's
ablutions in Valaka, one acquires great fame among even the deities and shines in glory. Bathing in Devika and the lake known
by the name of Sundarika as also in the Tirtha called Aswini, one acquires, in one's next life, great beauty of form. By fasting
for a fortnight and bathing in Mahaganga and Krittikangaraka, one becomes cleansed of all one's sins and ascends to heaven.
Bathing in Vaimanika and Kinkinika, one acquires the power of repairing everywhere at will and becomes an object of great
respect in the celestial region of the Apsaras.[234] If a person, subduing his wrath and observing the vow of Brahmacharyya
for three days, bathes in the river Vipasa at the retreat called Kalika, he is sure to succeed in transcending the obligation of
rebirth. Bathing in the asylum that is sacred to the Krittakas and offering oblations of water to the Pitris, and then gratifying
Mahadeva, one becomes pure in body and mind and ascends to heaven. If one, observing a fast for three days with a purified
body and mind, bathes in Mahapura, one becomes freed from the fear of all mobile and immobile animals as also of all animals
having two feet. By bathing in the Devadaru forest and offering oblations of water to the Pitris and dwelling there for seven
nights with a pure body and mind, one attains to the region of the deities on departing from this world. Bathing in the waterfalls
at Sarastamva and Kusastambha and Dronasarmapada, one is sure to attain to the region of the Apsaras where one is waited
upon with dutiful services by those superhuman beings. If one, observing a fast, bathes at Chitrakuta and Janasthana and the
waters of Mandakini, one is sure to be united with prosperity that is royal.[235] By repairing to the retreat that is known by the
name of Samya and residing there for a fortnight and bathing in the sacred water that exists there, one acquires the power of
disappearing at will (and enjoy the happiness that has been ordained for the Gandharvas). Repairing to the tirtha known by the
name of Kausiki and residing there with a pure heart and abstaining from all food and drink for three days, one acquires the
power of dwelling (in one's next life) in the happy region of the Gandharvas. Bathing in the delightful tirtha that goes by the
name of Gandhataraka and residing there for one month, abstaining all the while from food and drink, one acquires the power
of disappearing at pleasure and, then one and twenty days, of ascending to heaven. He that bathes in the lake known by the
name of Matanga is sure to attain to success in one night. He that bathes in Analamva or in eternal Andhaka, or in Naimisha, or
the tirtha called Swarga, and offers oblations of water to the Pitris, subduing his senses the while, acquires the Merit of a
human sacrifice.[236] Bathing in Ganga hrada and the tirtha known by the name of Utpalavana and daily offering oblations of
water there for a full month to the Pitris, one acquires the merit of a Horse-sacrifice. Bathing in the confluence of the Ganga
and the Yamuna as also at the tirtha in the Kalanjara mountains and offering every day oblations of water to the Pitris for a full
month, one acquires the merit that attaches to ten Horse-sacrifices. Bathing in the Shashthi lake one acquires merit much
greater than what is attached to the gift of food. Ten thousand tirthas and thirsty millions of other tirthas come to Prayaga (the
confluence of Ganga and Yamuna), O chief of Bharata's race in the month of Magha. He who bathes in Prayaga, with a
restrained soul and observing rigid vows the while, in the month of Magha, becomes cleansed of all his sins, O chief of
Bharata's race, and attains to heaven. Bathing in the tirtha that is sacred to the Maruts, as also in that which is situate in the