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"Bhishma continued, 'Hearing these words of his, Purandara said unto him. The status of a Brahmana, O Matanga, which thou
desirest to acquire is really unattainable by thee. It is true, thou desirest to acquire it, but then it is incapable of acquisition by
persons begotten on uncleansed souls. O thou of foolish understanding, thou art sure to meet with destruction if thou persistest
in this pursuit. Desist, therefore, from this vain endeavour without any delay. This object of thy desire, viz., the status of a
Brahmana, which is the foremost of everything, is incapable of being won by penances. Therefore, by coveting that foremost
status, thou wilt incur sure destruction. One born as a Chandala can never attain to that status which is regarded as the most
sacred among the deities and Asuras and human beings!'"
SECTION XXVIII
"Bhishma said, 'Thus addressed by Indra, Matanga of restrained vows and well regulated soul, (without hearkening to the
counsels of the chief of the celestials), stood for a hundred years on one foot, O thou of unfading glory. Sakra of great fame
once more appeared before him and addressing him, said,--The status of a Brahmana, O child, is unattainable. Although thou
covetest it, it is impossible for thee to obtain it. O Matanga, by coveting that very high status thou art sure to be destroyed. Do
not, O son, betray such rashness. This cannot be a righteous path for thee to follow. O thou of foolish understanding, it is
impossible for thee to obtain it in this world. Verily, by coveting that which is unattainable, thou art sure to meet with
destruction in no time. I am repeatedly forbidding thee. By striving, however, to attain that high status by the aid of thy
penances, notwithstanding my repeated admonition, thou art sure to meet with destruction. From the order of brute life one
attains to the status of humanity. If born as human being, he is sure to take birth as a Pukkasa or a Chandala. Verily, one having
taken birth in that sinful order of existence, viz., Pukkasa, one, O Matanga, has to wander in it for a very long time. Passing a
period of one thousand years in that order, one attains next to the status of a Sudra. In the Sudra order, again, one has to wander
for a long time. After thirty thousand years one acquire the status of a Vaisya. There, in that order, one has to pass a very long
period. After a time that is sixty times longer than what has been stated as the period of Sudra existence, one becomes a person
of the fighting order. In the Kshatriya order one has to pass a very long time. After a time that is measured by multiplying the
period last referred to by sixty, one becomes born as a fallen Brahmana. In this order one has to wander for a long period. After
a time measured by multiplying the period last named by two hundred, one becomes born in the race of such a Brahmana as
lives by the profession of arms. There, in that order, one has to wander for a long period. After a time measured by multiplying
the period last named by three hundred, one takes birth in the race of a Brahmana that is given to the recitation of the Gayatri
and other sacred Mantras. There, in that order, one has to wander for a long period. After a time measured by multiplying the
period last named by four hundred, one takes birth in the race of such a Brahmana as is conversant with the entire Vedas and
the scriptures, There, in that order, one has to wander for a very long period. While wandering in that status of existence, joy
and grief, desire and aversion, vanity and evil speech, seek to enter into him and make a wretch of him. If he succeeds in
subjugating those foes, he then attains a high end. If, on the other hand, those enemies succeed in subjugating him, he falls
down from that high status like a person falling down on the ground from the high top of a palmyra tree. Knowing this for
certain, O Matanga, I say unto thee, do thou name some other boon, for the status of a Brahmana is incapable of being attained
by thee (that hast been born as a Chandala)!'
SECTION XXIX
"Bhishma said, 'Thus advised by Indra, Matanga, observant of vows, refused, to hear what he was bid. On the other hand, with
regulated vows and cleansed soul, he practised austere penances by standing on one foot for a thousand years, and was deeply
engaged in Yoga-meditation. After a thousand years had passed away, Sakra once more came to see him. Indeed, the slayer of
Vala and Vritra said unto him the same words.'
'Matanga said, 'I have passed these thousand years, standing on one foot, in deep meditation, observing of the vow of
Brahmacharyya. Why is it that I have not yet succeeded in acquiring the status of a Brahmana?'
'Sakra said, 'One born on a Chandala cannot, by any means acquire the status of a Brahmana. Do thou, therefore name some
boon so that all this labour of thine may not prove fruitless--Thus addressed by the chief of the celestials, Matanga became
filled with grief. He repaired to Prayaga, and passed there a hundred years, standing all the while on his toes. In consequence of
the observance of such Yoga which was extremely difficult to bear, he became very much emaciated and his arteries and veins
became swollen and visible. He was reduced to only skin and bones. Indeed, it has been heard by us that the righteous-souled
Matanga, while practising those austerities at Gaya, dropped down on the ground from sheer exhaustion. The lord and giver of
boons, engaged in the good of all creatures, viz., Vasava beholding him falling down, quickly came to that spot and held him
fast.'
"Sakra said, 'It seems, O Matanga, that the status of a Brahmana which thou seekest is ill-suited to thee. That status is incapable
of being attained by thee. Verily, in thy case, it is surrounded by many dangers. A person by worshipping a Brahmana obtains
happiness; while by abstaining from such worship, he obtains grief and misery. The Brahmana is, with respect to all creatures,
the giver of what they prize or covet and the protector of what they already have. It is through the Brahmanas that the Pitris and
the deities become gratified. The Brahmana, O Matanga, is said to be foremost of all created Beings. The Brahmana grants all
objects that are desired and in the way they are desired?[248] Wandering through innumerable orders of Being and undergoing
repeated rebirths, one succeeds in some subsequent birth in acquiring the status of a Brahmana. That status is really incapable
of being obtained by persons of uncleansed souls. Do thou, therefore, give up the idea. Do thou name some other boon. The
particular boon which thou seekest is incapable of being granted to thee.'
"Matanga said, 'Afflicted as I am with grief, why, O Sakra, dost thou afflict me further (with such speeches as these)? Thou art
striking one that is already dead, by this behaviour. I do not pity thee for having acquired the status of a Brahmana thou now
failest to retain it (for thou hast no compassion to show for one like me). O thou of a hundred sacrifices, the status of a
Brahmana as thou sayest be really unattainable by any of the three other orders, yet, men that have succeeded in acquiring
(through natural means) that high status do not adhere to it (for what sins do net even Brahmanas commit). Those who having
acquired the status of a Brahmana that, like affluence, is so difficult to acquire, do not seek to keep it up (by practising the
necessary duties), must be regarded to be the lowest of wretches in this world. Indeed, they are the most sinful of all creatures.
Without doubt, the status of a Brahmana is exceedingly difficult to attain, and once being attained, it is difficult to maintain it.
It is capable of dispelling every kind of grief. Alas, having attained to it, men do not always seek to keep it up (by practising
righteousness and the other duties that attach to it). When even such persons are regarded as Brahmanas why is it that I, who
am contented with my own self, who am above all couples of opposites, who am dissociated from all worldly objects, who am
observant of the duty of compassion towards all creatures and of self-restraint of conduct, should not be regarded as deserving
of that status.[249] How unfortunate I am, O Purandara, that through the fault of my mother I have been reduced to this
condition, although I am not unrighteous in my behaviour? Without doubt, Destiny is incapable of being warded off or
conquered by individual exertion, since, O lord, I am unable to acquire, notwithstanding these persistent efforts of mine, the
object, upon the acquisition of which I have set my heart. When such is the case, O righteous one, it behoves thee to grant me
some other boon if, indeed, I have become worthy of thy grace or if I have a little of merit.'
"Bhishma continued, 'The slayer of Vala and Vritra then said unto him,--Do thou name the boon.--Thus urged by the great
Indra, Matanga said the following words:
"Matanga said, 'Let me be possessed of the power of assuming any form at will, and journeying through the skies and let me
enjoy whatever pleasures I may set my heart upon. And let me also have the willing adorations of both Brahmanas and
Kshatriyas. I bow to thee by bending my head, O god. It behoveth thee to do that also by which my fame, O Purandara, May
live for ever in the world.'
"Sakra said, 'Thou shalt be celebrated as the deity of a particular measure of verse and thou shalt obtain the worship of all
woman. Thy fame, O son, shall become unrivalled in the three worlds.'--Having granted him these boons, Vasava disappeared
there and then. Matanga also, casting off his life-breaths, attained to a high place. Thou mayst thus see, O Bharata, that the
status of a Brahmana is very high. That status is incapable of being acquired here (except in the natural way of birth) as said by
the great Indra himself.'
SECTION XXX