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turn themselves away from indulgence in sexual pleasure, succeed in ascending to Heaven Conduct marked by charity and
penances, and characterised by righteousness of deeds and purity of both body and heart, should be followed by those that are
wise for the sake of adding to their merit or for earning their means of subsistence. Those who wish to ascend to Heaven should
follow in this track and not in any other.'
"Uma said, 'Tell me, O illustrious deity, O sinless lord of all creatures, what are those words by which one becomes enchained
and what are those words by uttering which one may be freed from one's bonds.'
"Maheswara said, 'Those men who never tell lies for either themselves or for others, or in jest or for exciting laughter, succeed
in ascending to Heaven. They who never tell lies for earning their subsistence or for earning merit or through mere caprice,
succeed in ascending to Heaven. They who utter words that are smooth and sweet and faultless, and who welcome all whom
they meet with sincerity, succeed in ascending to Heaven. They who never utter words that are harsh and bitter and cruel. and
who are free from deceitfulness and evil of every kind, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men who never utter words that
are fraught with deceit or that cause breach of understanding between friends, and who always speak what is true and what
promotes good feelings, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men who avoid harsh speeches and abstain from quarrels with
others, who are impartial in their behaviour to all creatures, and who have subjugated their souls, succeed in ascending to
Heaven. They who abstain from evil speech or sinful conversation, who avoid such speeches as are disagreeable, and who utter
only such words as are auspicious and agreeable, succeed in ascending to Heaven. They who never utter, under anger, such
words as tear the hearts of other people, and who, even when under the influence of wrath, speak words that are peaceful and
agreeable, succeed in ascending to Heaven. The religion, O goddess, appertaining to speech, should always be followed by
men. It is auspicious and characterised by truth. They that are possessed of wisdom should always avoid untruth.'
"Uma said, 'Do thou tell me, O god of gods, O wielder of Pinaka, O thou that art highly blessed, what those mental acts or
thoughts are by which a person may be enchained.'
"Maheswara said, 'Endued with merit that arises from mental acts, O goddess, one ascends to Heaven. Listen to me, O
auspicious one, as I recite to thee what those acts are. Listen to me, O thou of sweet face, how also a mind of ill-regulated
features becomes enchained by ill-regulated or evil thoughts. Those men who do not seek even mentally, to take what belongs
to others even when they see it lying in a lone forest, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men who care not to appropriate
what belongs to others even when they see it lying in a house or a village that has been deserted, ascend to Heaven. Those men
that do not seek, even mentally, to associate with the wedded spouses of others even when they behold them in deserted places
and under the influence of desire, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men who, meeting with friends or foes, behave in the
same friendly way towards all, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men that are possessed of learning and compassion, that
are pure in body and mind, that are firm in their adherence to truth, and that are contented with what belongs to them, succeed
in ascending to Heaven. Those men that do not bear ill-will to any creature, that do not stand in need of labour for their
subsistence, that bear friendly hearts towards all beings, and that entertain compassion towards all, succeed in ascending to
Heaven. Those men that are endued with faith, that have compassion, that are holy, that seek the company of holy men, and
that are conversant with the distinctions between right and wrong, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men, O goddess, that
are conversant with what the consequences are of good and bad deeds, succeed in ascending to Heaven. Those men that are just
in all their dealings, that are endued with all desirable accomplishments, that are devoted to the deities and the Brahmanas, and
that are endued with perseverance in the doing of good acts, succeed in ascending to Heaven. All these men, O goddess,
succeed in ascending to Heaven through the meritorious consequences of their deeds. What else dost thou wish to hear?'
"Uma said, 'I have a great doubt, O Maheswara, on a subject connected with human beings. It behoveth thee to explain it to me
carefully. By what acts does a man succeed, O puissant deity, in acquiring a long life? By what penances also does one acquire
a long life? By what acts does one become shortlived on earth? O thou that art perfectly stainless, it behoveth thee to tell me
what the consequences are of acts (in the matter of bestowing a long or a short life on the doer). Some are seen to be possessed
of great good fortune and some weighted with misfortune. Some are of noble birth while others of ignoble birth. Some are of
such repulsive features as if they are made of wood, while others are of very agreeable features at even the first sight. Some
appear to be destitute of wisdom while others are possessed of it. Some, again, are seen endued with high intelligence and
wisdom, enlightened by knowledge and science. Some have to endure little pain, while others there are that are weighted with
heavy calamities. Even such diverse sights are seen with respect to men. It behoveth thee, O illustrious one, to tell me the
reason of all this.'
"The god of gods said, 'Verily, O goddess, I shall discourse to thee on the manifestation of the fruits of acts. It is by the rules of
that manifestation that all human beings in this world enjoy or endure the consequences of their acts. That man who assumes a
fierce aspect for the purpose of taking the lives of other creatures, who arms himself with stout sticks for injuring other
creatures, who is seen with uplifted weapons, who slays living creatures, who is destitute of compassion, who always causes
agitation to living beings, who refuses to grant protection to even worms and ants, who is endued with cruelty,--one who is
such, O goddess, sinks in Hell. One who is endued with an opposite disposition and who is righteous in acts, is born as a
handsome man. The man who is endued with cruelty, goes to Hell, while he that is endued with compassion ascends to
Heaven. The man who goes to Hell has to endure excruciating misery. One who, having sunk in Hell, rises therefrom, take
birth as a man endued with short life. That man who is addicted to slaughter and injury, O goddess, becomes, through his sinful
deeds, liable to destruction. Such a person becomes disagreeable to all creatures and endued with a short life. That man who
belongs to what is called the White class, who abstains from the slaughter of living creatures, who has thrown away all
weapons, who never inflicts any chastisement on any body, who never injures any creatures, who never causes any body to
slay creatures for him, who never slays or strikes even when struck or attempted to be slain, who never sanctions or approves
an act of slaughter, who is endued with compassion towards all creatures, who behaves towards others as towards his own
self,--such a superior man, O goddess, succeeds in attaining to the status of a deity. Filled with joy, such a man enjoys diverse
kinds of luxurious articles. If such a person ever takes birth in the world of men, he becomes endued with longevity and enjoys
great happiness. Even this is the way of those that are of righteous conduct and righteous deeds and that are blessed with
longevity, the way that was indicated by the Self-born Brahman himself and that is characterised by abstention from the
slaughter of living creatures.'"
SECTION CXLV
"Uma said, 'By what disposition, what conduct, what acts, and what gifts, does a man succeed in attaining to Heaven?'
"Maheswara said, 'He who is endued with a liberal disposition, who honours Brahmanas and treats them with hospitality, who
makes gifts of food and drink and robes and other articles of enjoyment unto the destitute, the blind, and the distressed, who
makes gifts of houses, erects halls (for use of the public), digs wells, constructs shelters whence pure and cool water is
distributed (during the hot months unto thirsty travellers), excavates tanks, makes arrangements for the free distribution of gifts
every day, gives to all seekers what each solicits, who makes gifts of seats and beds and conveyances, wealth, jewels and gems,
houses, all kinds of corn, kine, fields, and women,--verily, he who always makes these gifts with a cheerful heart, becomes a
denizen, O goddess, of Heaven. He resides there for a long period, enjoying diverse kinds of superior articles. Passing his time
happily in the company of the Apsaras, he sports in the woods of Nandana and other delightful regions. After the exhaustion of
his merits he falls down from Heaven and takes birth in the order of humanity, in a family, O goddess, that is possessed of
wealth in abundance and that has a large command of every article of enjoyments. In that life he becomes endued with all
articles for gratifying his wishes and appetites. Indeed, blessed with the possession of such articles, he becomes endued with
affluence and a well-filled treasury. The self-born Brahman himself declared it in days of old that it is even such persons, O
goddess, that become highly blessed and possessed of liberal dispositions and agreeable features. There are others, O goddess,
that are incapable of making gifts. Endued with small understandings, they cannot make gifts even when solicited by
Brahmanas and possessed of abundant wealth. Beholding the destitute, the blind, the distressed, and mendicants, and even
guests arrived at their abodes, those persons, always filled with the desire of gratifying the organ of taste, turn away, even when
expressly solicited by them. They never make gifts of wealth or robes, or viands, or gold, or kine, or any kind of food. Those
men who are disinclined to relieve the distress of others, who are full of cupidity, who have no faith in the scriptures, and who
never make gifts,--verily, these men of little understanding, O goddess, have to sink in Hell. In course of time, when their
sufferings in Hell come to an end, they take birth in the order of humanity, in families that are entirely destitute of wealth.
Always suffering from hunger and thirst, excluded from all decent society, hopeless of ever enjoying good things, they lead
lives of great wretchedness. Born in families that are destitute of all articles of enjoyment, these men never succeed in enjoying