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- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
and according to the uncertainty principle , you ca n't know the position and momentum of that particle accurately , at the same time . so if you know the position , if you know where that particle is in space really well , you do n't know the momentum , or you do n't know the velocity of that particle , and vice versa...
could n't we find the velocity , if we know the time it takes for it to travel from a to b , then find the distance ( displacement ) between a & b , and using simple physics cant we calculate the velocity ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
alright , so two times two is equal to four , so i wo n't even worry about greater than , i 'll just put equal to here . so if two times two is equal to four . if i decrease the uncertainty of the position , so i decrease it to one , so the uncertainty in the momentum must increase to four , because one times four is e...
s = u*t + 1/2 a*t^2 edit : my point is , that if i know two positions , and the time between the readings , cant i find out the distance ( displacement ) between the two positions and then calculate its velocity ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you ca n't know the position and momentum of that particle accurately , at the...
why ca n't we measure position and momentum accurate simultaneously ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so if you know the position , if you know where that particle is in space really well , you do n't know the momentum , or you do n't know the velocity of that particle , and vice versa . if you know the momentum really well , you do n't know the position . so let 's look at a mathematical description of the uncertainty...
i know that if we try to find accurate position the high energy photons struck on electron increase their energy so momentum changes , but what happens when we try to find accurate momentum ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity .
does the uncertainty principle change at relativistic energies and momentums ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity .
does uncertainty principle mean that one specific quantum is actually located in different places or is simply impossible to pin its exact location ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so this is just showing you an application at an atomic scale . again , this is the uncertainty principle . we 'll get more into quantum mechanics , and how quantum mechanics affects electrons and atoms in the next few videos .
why is the mathematical form of uncertainty principle such that , that the uncertainty in position and velocity are always greater than or equal to the constant ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity .
which principle states that everything exists as a wave and particle and wave at the same time ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
let 's say we knew the velocity with a 10 % uncertainty associated with that number . so a 10 % uncertainty . if we convert that to a decimal , we just divide 10 by 100 , so we get 10 % is equal to point one .
why is the velocity uncertainty 10 % ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
and , let 's say the electron is going this direction , so there is a velocity associated with that electron , so there is velocity going in that direction . alright , the reason why the bohr model is useful , is because it allows us to understand things like quantized energy levels . and we talked about the radius for...
how is uncertainity quantized or how it is put into term of percentage ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so let 's look at a picture of the bohr model of the hydrogen atom . alright , we know our negatively charged electron orbits the nucleus , like a planet around the sun . and , let 's say the electron is going this direction , so there is a velocity associated with that electron , so there is velocity going in that dir...
when we use eletron configurations we determine the number of electron in each level but the heisenbredg uncertainty principle state that we do not know exactly where is it , and there is a lot of electron around the nucleus formed a cloud , how can we determine the number of electron ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
the uncertainty principle says this is n't true . if we know the velocity fairly accurately , we do n't know the position of the electron , the position of the electron is greater than the diameter , according to the bohr model . so this just one reason why the bohr model is wrong .
but we have equation to find out position of wave let us say in a string it is y=a sin ( omega*time+kx ) in emr waves the expression is same , then why it is difficult to predict electron 's position though it has wave behaviour ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you ca n't know the position and momentum of that particle accurately , at the...
why ca n't the uncertainty in the position be bigger than the diameter ( 0 mark ) ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so we could solve for the uncertainty in the position . so , delta x must be greater than or equal to , let 's go ahead and do that math . so we have planck 's constant , 6.626 times 10 to the negative 34 , we divide that by 4 , we need to divide that also by pi , and then we need to divide by the uncertainty in the mo...
and when did delta x start to refer to diameter and not circumference or some other dimension ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so the uncertainty in the position would be greater than the diameter of the hydrogen atom , using the bohr model . so the bohr model is wrong . it 's telling us we know the electron is orbiting the nucleus at a certain radius , and it 's moving at a certain velocity .
how is the bohr model still useful today ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
you have no experience with quantum mechanics in your daily life , it just does n't make any sense . you do n't see these sorts of things . so this is just showing you an application at an atomic scale .
i have a question , it 's related to structure of atom , if atom is 99.99 percent empty then why not 99.99 matters why that little percentage ( nucleus ) matters so much that it makes up a material that is not empty , like a chair is 100 percent solid we do n't see 99.99 percent of it as empty , why not that big percen...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity .
what is the proof of the principle ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so we could solve for the uncertainty in the position . so , delta x must be greater than or equal to , let 's go ahead and do that math . so we have planck 's constant , 6.626 times 10 to the negative 34 , we divide that by 4 , we need to divide that also by pi , and then we need to divide by the uncertainty in the mo...
is delta x* delta p is greater than or equal to planck 's constant/ 4pi a formula , or did he use it as an example of a calculation ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity .
can such a technique be ever developed ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so we have point one here . if i want to know the uncertainty of the momentum of that electron , so the uncertainty in the momentum of that particle , momentum is equal to mass times velocity . if there 's a 10 % uncertainty associated with the velocity , we need to multiply this by point one .
is there any mass for light if not why and by the way if you want to explain by mass energy equivalence explain the original definition of momentum ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
the uncertainty principle says this is n't true . if we know the velocity fairly accurately , we do n't know the position of the electron , the position of the electron is greater than the diameter , according to the bohr model . so this just one reason why the bohr model is wrong .
why are we comparing the position of the electron ( delta x ) with the diameter of the atom ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so the uncertainty in the position , so delta x is the uncertainty in the position , times the uncertainty in the momentum , so delta p is uncertainty in momentum , the product of these two must be greater than or equal to some constant . and that constant is planck 's constant : h divided by four pi . so we have a con...
where does the h/4pi come from ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so we have point one here . if i want to know the uncertainty of the momentum of that electron , so the uncertainty in the momentum of that particle , momentum is equal to mass times velocity . if there 's a 10 % uncertainty associated with the velocity , we need to multiply this by point one .
what is the method of knowing an electron 's momentum that makes it position uncertain ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so the uncertainty in the position , so delta x is the uncertainty in the position , times the uncertainty in the momentum , so delta p is uncertainty in momentum , the product of these two must be greater than or equal to some constant . and that constant is planck 's constant : h divided by four pi . so we have a con...
where did h/4pi come from ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
why light has no rest mass ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
it 's telling us we know the electron is orbiting the nucleus at a certain radius , and it 's moving at a certain velocity . the uncertainty principle says this is n't true . if we know the velocity fairly accurately , we do n't know the position of the electron , the position of the electron is greater than the diamet...
do n't electrons move in orbitals , but jay said orbit ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so the uncertainty in the position , so delta x is the uncertainty in the position , times the uncertainty in the momentum , so delta p is uncertainty in momentum , the product of these two must be greater than or equal to some constant . and that constant is planck 's constant : h divided by four pi . so we have a con...
what is plank 's constant ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so we would have the mass of the electron is 9.11 times 10 to the negative 31st . the velocity of the electron is 2.2 times 10 to the sixth , and we know that with 10 % uncertainty , so we need to multiply all of that by point one . so let 's go ahead and do that .
p^2/2m equivalent to the operator - hbar^2/ 2m ( d^2/dx^2 ) how ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so the uncertainty in the position , so delta x is the uncertainty in the position , times the uncertainty in the momentum , so delta p is uncertainty in momentum , the product of these two must be greater than or equal to some constant . and that constant is planck 's constant : h divided by four pi . so we have a con...
from all the videos i am hearing the term h planck constant and its value actually what h is and its value how we got like rydberg constant value ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
if we convert that to a decimal , we just divide 10 by 100 , so we get 10 % is equal to point one . so we have point one here . if i want to know the uncertainty of the momentum of that electron , so the uncertainty in the momentum of that particle , momentum is equal to mass times velocity .
whats is the minimum energy of a neutron confined in a one dimensional box of length 5 fm ?
- heisenberg uncertainty principle is a principle of quantum mechanics . and so if we take a particle , let 's say we have a particle here of mass m , moving with velocity v , the momentum of that particle , the linear momentum is equal to the mass times the velocity . and according to the uncertainty principle , you c...
so the linear momentum p is equal to the mass times the velocity . let 's say we knew the velocity with a 10 % uncertainty associated with that number . so a 10 % uncertainty . if we convert that to a decimal , we just divide 10 by 100 , so we get 10 % is equal to point one .
how can uncertainty have a number ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x . 3x -- the whole thing squared is 9x squared . similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared . so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 .
can 25 can be squared ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
and we 're done . 5 times 3x plus 5 times 3x minus 5 is 45x squared minus 125 factored out .
how can factor 3x^2 + 10x + 8 in the forn of ( 3x ) ( x ) or 12x^2 - 17x + 6 = ( 4x ) ( 3x ) ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's not clear to me that this is a difference of squares . but what is interesting is that both 45 and 125 have some factors in common . and the one that jumps out at me is 5 .
why dint he considered sqrt ( 45 ) x to power of 2 - sqrt ( 125 ) to power of 2 ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely . so we ca n't forget our 5 out front that we factored out .
how do you factor the difference of two squares ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely . so we ca n't forget our 5 out front that we factored out .
so , do you have to find the greatest common factor for all difference of square problems ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's going to be 5 times a plus b times a minus b . so let me write the b 's down , plus b and minus b . and we 're done .
so how do you get 9x^2 - 1 into the ( a+b ) ( a-b ) formula ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x . 3x -- the whole thing squared is 9x squared . similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared .
how did you get 9x squared ( 2 ) ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's going to be 5 times a plus b times a minus b . so let me write the b 's down , plus b and minus b . and we 're done .
is the a and b analogy thing a formula ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares .
why would you want to factorize an expression ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares .
is the factorized expression considered simpler than the original expression ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely . so we ca n't forget our 5 out front that we factored out .
why is not possible to factor a sum of two squares ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares .
would 45x^4-125 follow the same rule ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared . so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely .
how do you know the answers would be conjugates at the end ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared . so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely .
how do you know the answers would be conjugates at the end ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared . so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely .
how do you know the answers would be conjugates at the end ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x . 3x -- the whole thing squared is 9x squared . similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared .
can 45 1/2 be squared ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's going to be 5 times a plus b times a minus b . so let me write the b 's down , plus b and minus b . and we 're done .
i '' m not sure how to factor a^2 - ( b-2 ) ^2 can anyone help ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
and we 're done . 5 times 3x plus 5 times 3x minus 5 is 45x squared minus 125 factored out .
5 ( 3x+5 ) ( 3x-5 ) here , what do we do to write it as a product of terms ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's going to be 5 times a plus b times a minus b . so let me write the b 's down , plus b and minus b . and we 're done .
do we still use ( a^2 +b^2 ) ( a^2 -b^2 ) ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
neither is it obvious that this right over here is a perfect square . so it 's not clear to me that this is a difference of squares . but what is interesting is that both 45 and 125 have some factors in common .
how do you determine if the polynomial is a difference of squares ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares .
how do we know when can u take a number like that and factor and when and what number ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
now , this is interesting . 9x squared -- that 's a perfect square . if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x .
you say 9x squared is a perfect square , how do you know it is a perfect square ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
now , this is interesting . 9x squared -- that 's a perfect square . if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x .
is there any way to avoid using a square root in factoring ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares .
where is the tutorial for factoring a trinomial with a leading coefficient other than 1 ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's not clear to me that this is a difference of squares . but what is interesting is that both 45 and 125 have some factors in common . and the one that jumps out at me is 5 .
how do i find a common binomial from 2 polynomials ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
9x squared -- that 's a perfect square . if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x . 3x -- the whole thing squared is 9x squared .
how would you factor 3x^2-10x-15=0 ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
9x squared -- that 's a perfect square . if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x . 3x -- the whole thing squared is 9x squared . similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared .
why is 9x^2 not equal to 3x^2 ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
if we call this a squared , then that tells us that a would be equal to 3x . 3x -- the whole thing squared is 9x squared . similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared .
could n't 9x^2 also be factored to -3x ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares .
is it assumed that the expression equals zero ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's going to be 5 times a plus b times a minus b . so let me write the b 's down , plus b and minus b . and we 're done .
like the a+b and a-b thing ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
so it 's going to be 5 times a plus b times a minus b . so let me write the b 's down , plus b and minus b . and we 're done .
what is the point of factoring out expressions like this into ( a+b ) ( a-b ) ?
let 's see if we can factor the expression 45x squared minus 125 . so whenever i see something like this -- i have a second-degree term here , i have a subtraction sign -- my temptation is to look at this as a difference of squares . we 've already seen this multiple times . we 've already seen that if we have somethin...
similarly -- i can never say similarly correctly -- 25 is clearly just 5 squared . so in this case , if we 're looking at this template , b would be equal to 5 . so now this is a difference of squares , and we can factor it completely .
how would i go about solving the equation : 2t^2+5t+2 ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
how is atp stored in our body ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen . you have this oxygen right over here .
i thought the mechanism would go from nucleophillic attack by water at the phosphorus which would cause the pi bond to break first on the phosphorous making that oxygen anionic then you would kick the lone pairs on our anionic oxygen down reforming the pi bond but would then kick out the entire phosphoryl group ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
this phosphoryl group over here , let me just redraw it . it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen .
i mean does energy behave like a product ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
how does the phosphate tie in to energy as it relates to atp and adp ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
what are the particular determining factors that decide what types of energy are released by atp when placed in water with the proper charge ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and of course in the process of doing all of this , as these electrons got into a more comfortable situation just sitting right over here and allowing this thing to break off , it releases energy . it releases , it releases energy , which is in most biological systems the whole point of having the atp molecules around ...
how much energy is released by atp in jk/mol ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
actually let me draw it like this just so you can see it . these two are now the two electrons in this bond with this , with this hydrogen proton . this right over here , this is a positively charged , this is a positively charged molecule right over here .
how can the two o electrons be `` given '' to the hydrogen proton ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
actually let me draw it like this just so you can see it . these two are now the two electrons in this bond with this , with this hydrogen proton . this right over here , this is a positively charged , this is a positively charged molecule right over here .
so now the hydrogen has two electrons in its inner shell and one in the second shell ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
can adp be used to release energy too ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
also , how is the energy released by hydrolysis captured ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
how exactly is the energy released ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen . you have this oxygen right over here .
how does the formation of the bond between the p and the o and the breaking of the bond between the p and the other o release energy ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
this is showing how it could happen if they just bump into each other in the exact right way . this has got this pair of electrons . let 's say this pair of electrons is essentially given by this oxygen to this hydrogen proton .
why do the electrons become more comfortable after this is complete ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
let 's say this is water right here , oxygen with two hydrogens . i 'll do the two pairs of oxygen that are n't in bonds right over here , in the outermost shell . actually let me draw one more water molecule right over here .
what does sal mean by `` the two pairs of oxygen that are n't in bonds '' and `` in their outermost shell '' ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
i 'll do the two pairs of oxygen that are n't in bonds right over here , in the outermost shell . actually let me draw one more water molecule right over here . there 's multiple way that you could actually depict this right over here .
what do those dots around the oxygen in water molecule 0 depict ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen . you have this oxygen right over here .
how does the oxygen on the middle phosphate hold two extra electrons and still bond to the phosphorus ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
it nabs just the hydrogen , then both of these electrons that are in this pair , that are in this bond i should say , go back to the oxygen to form , essentially you could think of this as a pair of electrons attached to that oxygen . then that gives the oxygen license to allow these two electrons to form a bond with t...
why does phosphorous has 10 electrons in its outer shell ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
that 's what i 'm going to do in this video . let 's start with our atp molecule , and let 's throw some water in there , h2o . let 's say this is water right here , oxygen with two hydrogens .
so when the h2o turns into h3o , what is the name of that molecule ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
this one you can depict like this . it 's oxygen , hydrogen , hydrogen . it had one lone pair , but now it gave half of this lone pair to form a bond with that hydrogen , and hydrogen without an electron is just a proton .
why do the electrons in the oxygen move to the hydrogen ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and of course you have this character right over here , who gained a proton . this one you can depict like this . it 's oxygen , hydrogen , hydrogen .
so is sal saying that two h2o are needed in hydrolysis and that the second one is given an hydrogen from the first one so the first one can bond with the phosphate group ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
this phosphoryl group over here , let me just redraw it . it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen . you have this oxygen right over here .
what are the little quote-like symbols that sal keeps drawing by the oxygen atoms ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
now this is going to have a negative charge . this is the adenosine diphosphate . this phosphoryl group over here , let me just redraw it .
why does the adenosine even need to be there ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
since this reaction only uses one of the phosphate groups from atp , and so there are two left in adp , is it possible to repeat the hydrolysis reaction and cause the adp molecule to release another phosphate and leave an adenosine with a single phosphate ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
what is function of atp in cell metabolism ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
then that gives the oxygen license to allow these two electrons to form a bond with the phosphorous . the phosphorous is n't in the mood to form six bonds , it 's already got five , and this is a fairly uncomfortable situation for it . that allows these two electrons right over here to go , these two electrons to go to...
why does sal says 2 that the phosphorus is in the mood of forming 6 bonds ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
then that gives the oxygen license to allow these two electrons to form a bond with the phosphorous . the phosphorous is n't in the mood to form six bonds , it 's already got five , and this is a fairly uncomfortable situation for it . that allows these two electrons right over here to go , these two electrons to go to...
why phosphorus is in a mood to form 6 bonds ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
then that gives the oxygen license to allow these two electrons to form a bond with the phosphorous . the phosphorous is n't in the mood to form six bonds , it 's already got five , and this is a fairly uncomfortable situation for it . that allows these two electrons right over here to go , these two electrons to go to...
why does sal says that phosohorus is in a mood to have 6 bonds ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
how atp is used in a coupling reaction , involving exergonic and biochemical reaction , in a human cell ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen . you have this oxygen right over here .
is the bond in the hydroxonium ion ( ) from the oxygen to the hydrogen a dative covalent bond ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
and you can imagine maybe this thing breaks off and it could be viewed as a proton , or you could view this as a positive charged molecule , but either way this is the reaction that we just depicted . you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosph...
i thought that bonds breaking is an endothermic reaction ... so why does atp hydrolysis ( the separation of atp into adp and energy ) create energy ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
this is showing how it could happen if they just bump into each other in the exact right way . this has got this pair of electrons . let 's say this pair of electrons is essentially given by this oxygen to this hydrogen proton .
why do we write the hydronium ion as h3o+ when there is a lone pair of electrons on the oxygen ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
it 's going to look like this . double bond to that oxygen . you have this oxygen right over here .
how would you know how stable a bond is ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosphate molecule , and then you 're left with a positive charge . you could either view this as kind of a proton or the proton attaches and forms a hydronium ion right over here .
why does the remaining -oh on the inorganic phosphate not dissociate ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
there 's multiple way that you could actually depict this right over here . let 's say that one of these , let 's say this water molecule right here , and obviously no chemical reaction happens this cleanly . this is showing how it could happen if they just bump into each other in the exact right way .
what happens to the adp ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
this one you can depict like this . it 's oxygen , hydrogen , hydrogen . it had one lone pair , but now it gave half of this lone pair to form a bond with that hydrogen , and hydrogen without an electron is just a proton .
does the end oxygen join bond to a hydrogen , and if so , where does the h come from ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
you have atp being , hydrolysis takes place . you 're left with adp , you 're left with a phosphate , a released phosphate molecule , and then you 're left with a positive charge . you could either view this as kind of a proton or the proton attaches and forms a hydronium ion right over here . and of course in the proc...
is the organic phosphate an orthophosphate ion ( po43- ) ?
sal : in the previous video we talked about how an atp molecule can , in the presence of water , hydrolysis will take place , and one of the phosphoryl groups could be plunked off , and how that would release energy because these electrons are going to be able to go into a lower energy state . you could imagine that th...
let 's say this pair of electrons is essentially given by this oxygen to this hydrogen proton . we could draw it like this right there . it nabs just the hydrogen , then both of these electrons that are in this pair , that are in this bond i should say , go back to the oxygen to form , essentially you could think of th...
could these depictions become live , 3d , coordinated with your descriptions ?