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let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | strong acids donate protons very easily and so we can say this process occurs 100 % . so we get 100 % ionization . the equilibrium is so far to the right that i just drew this one arrow down over here . | why is it 100 % ionization ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | so another way to write this acid base reaction would be just to write acetic acid , ch3 , cooh plus h2o gives us the acetate anion , ch3coo minus plus h3o plus . now acetic acid is a weak acid and weak acids do n't donate protons very well . so acetic acid is gon na stay mostly protonated . when you think about this r... | acetic acid has a tendency to lose hydrogen because it has its stable ion ( acetate ion ) , then how come acetic acid is likely to be protonated and does n't give up hydrogen ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | so let me write that here . the stronger the acid , so stronger the acid , weaker the conjugate , weaker the conjugate base . and one way to think about that is if i look at this reaction , we can think about competing base strength . | is there a way to say the reverse ( the weaker the acid the stronger the conjugate base ) ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | all right , so let 's go back up here . so we had a hcl and cl minus as our conjugate acid base pair and the stronger the acid , the weaker the conjugate base . all right , so hcl is a strong acid , so cl minus is a weak conjugate base . so let me write that here . | and if so , can the conjugate base of a weak acid ever be a true strong base ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | so another way to write this acid base reaction would be just to write acetic acid , ch3 , cooh plus h2o gives us the acetate anion , ch3coo minus plus h3o plus . now acetic acid is a weak acid and weak acids do n't donate protons very well . so acetic acid is gon na stay mostly protonated . | can someone explain to me how are acids and bases classified as weak or strong ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | so another way to write this acid base reaction would be just to write acetic acid , ch3 , cooh plus h2o gives us the acetate anion , ch3coo minus plus h3o plus . now acetic acid is a weak acid and weak acids do n't donate protons very well . so acetic acid is gon na stay mostly protonated . | how we can find out that for example acetic acid is weak or hcl is strong ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | so another way to write this acid base reaction would be just to write acetic acid , ch3 , cooh plus h2o gives us the acetate anion , ch3coo minus plus h3o plus . now acetic acid is a weak acid and weak acids do n't donate protons very well . so acetic acid is gon na stay mostly protonated . | why ca n't hydrogen ions exist by themselves ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | if we think about approximately 100 % ionization , we have all products here . so we have a very , very large number in the numerator and extremely small number in the denominator . if you think about what that does for your ka , that 's gon na give you an extremely high value for your ka . | how can you determine when a numerator and denominator are either large or small ? |
let 's look at this acid base reaction . so water is gon na function as a base that 's gon na take a proton off of a generic acid ha . so lone pair of electrons on the oxygen pick up this proton leaving these electrons behind on the a . oxygen , oxygen is now bonded to three hydrogens . so it picked up a proton . that... | all right , so here we have bronsted-lowry . base water is acting as a bronsted-lowry base and accepting a proton . and over here if you think about the reverse reaction , the chloride anion would be trying to pick up a proton from hydronium for the reverse reaction here but since hcl is so good at donating protons , t... | i know it sounds silly but could acetic acid have acted as a base , and accepted a proton from water ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | and the next question is , well , what are those types of cells , if you actually were to look at them ? we know they 're white blood cells . but exactly what type they are is actually in the six rows beneath . | how are blood cells counted ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | and then the blood urea nitrogen -- sometimes they call that the b-u-n , that 's just the first letter of these three -- is 15 . and then the fasting glucose is 92 . and then the calcium goes in the top of this little wishbone-shaped stick diagram . | how are glucose levels measured ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | and that also means , if you think about it , that there is , of course , somebody out here and somebody up here , right ? i mean , that is , by definition , going to happen . you 're going to have 5 % of people in one of those two tails combined . | what does bun mean in a clinical setting ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | so that 's how you quickly can see the different types of white blood cells that are floating around in your body . that 's what those numbers represent . so then the next two numbers , hemoglobin and hematocrit , go in the top and bottom of this stick diagram . | how do the numbers fit into the shorthand section ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | and again , whenever you see these numbers like this , i could look at that and immediately figure out that that 's the red blood cell content . those two numbers both reflect red blood cell content in the blood . and then the last cell on this side represents the platelet count . | what process do most lab tests use after the blood is drawn ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | and again , whenever you see these numbers like this , i could look at that and immediately figure out that that 's the red blood cell content . those two numbers both reflect red blood cell content in the blood . and then the last cell on this side represents the platelet count . | so , just to be clear , all the red numbers are meant to be read as thousands ? |
so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . i actually put down a number of values down that we 're going to pretend for a moment are my labs . and you can see the range , and the units next to them . so let 's go through it piece by piece . and actually , while i do it , i 'm actually going to sho... | so i have a slip of paper . let 's go through these lab values . | viral infection verses bacterial or chronic allergen ? |
okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | and then this is the clock chip . so this one has a little quartz crystal in it , and quartz has an interesting property . when it is squeezed , it can emit a small electrical signal or when electricity is run to it , it will expand just slightly . | what causes the quartz crystal to respond this way to either mechanical or electrical action ? |
okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | how many pieces are in this dvd player control board ? |
okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | as i said before this is the central processing chip that controls the board and the functions on the board , i believe this chip is the video and audio processing chip so once the data comes in , it 's routed through the cpu , to this , and processed and converted into a signal that your tv and stereo will understand ... | instead of all those chips , cant the factory just put a soc ( system on chip ) in the board ? |
okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | so that 's very important there . as i said before this is the central processing chip that controls the board and the functions on the board , i believe this chip is the video and audio processing chip so once the data comes in , it 's routed through the cpu , to this , and processed and converted into a signal that y... | are you sure the sidragon chip is for audio video processing and not a memory , possibly dram ? |
okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | why are there white outlines ? |
okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | okay , so this is our microcontroller board , and let me move the plug here , let 's see if i can take some of these plugs out , so the power comes into this board through these two plugs here , and flows to this socket here and this socket here . and there are a number of different components and chips on this board ... | i 'm taking apart a circuit board and it 's got a red rectangular plastic piece with the number225j400mpp any idea what it is ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | well , at any given price , demand will go down . at any given price , demand will go down , and the new demand curve might look something like this . now , in the near term , we have a new equilibrium price , and we have a new equilibrium quanitity . | in the real world , how would someone actually determine the demand curve for a good ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | let 's say that 's our current demand , that is our current demand curve , and then what i 'm going to add to this is i 'm going to add the price at which firms , the suppliers of the orange juice make are neutral with returns to economic profit , or when economic profit is equal to 0 . let 's say right over here , whi... | how do you know which equilibrium price at any time is the one that delivers zero economic profit ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | now we have a new , lower equilibrium price . we have a new lower equilibrium price . i do n't know , this looks about 40 cents per gallon , and we have a new lower equilibrium quantity . | would n't any new equilibrium price mean that the producers there have no economic incentive to leave- assuming that relatively high cost producers left the scene when a lower equilibrium price is reached ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | we 're going to go back to some of what we 've thought about in the past in terms of just supply and demand curves . this is the orange juice , orange juice market , and let 's just draw some supply and demand curves right over here . this is going to be , this is going to be the price per gallon , price per gallon , a... | in the situation that orange juice is bad for you , why is there an increase in the quantity supplied ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | this is the near-term supply curve , or the short-term supply curve , looks like , looks something like this . that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . | in the long run , as firms leave , would there not be a shift in the supply curve ( shift left of supply curve ) rather than an increase in quantity supplied along the supply curve ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that the amount of money that they 're making is roughly comparable to their opportunity cost to be doing other things . when i say economic profit is 0 , sometimes that 's called the normal profit , when economic profit is 0 . this is the price at which people are neutral between shutting down and starting up their bu... | is n't the economic profit comparing two business domains to figure out which one is the more profitable to operate in ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | well , then , at any given price , you 're going to have more demand , and so you 'd have a demand curve that looks something like that . then , you 'd have a higher equilibrium quantity , and a higher equilibrium price . and , people are going to be making , since the price is higher , than the price at which the econ... | considering that price does increase and the equilibrium does shift , would n't the quantity supplied increases and so would n't there be an associated cost with increasing supply ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | this is the near-term supply curve , or the short-term supply curve , looks like , looks something like this . that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . | i thought the lrs curve was vertical ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | i do n't know , this looks about 40 cents per gallon , and we have a new lower equilibrium quantity . now , what happens at this price ? obviously in the near term , people are willing to produce there because that 's where their marginal cost is , so , as we saw in multiple videos that someone 's willing to produce wh... | why does the price raise ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | these are all of the orange juice producers . so to get them to produce even that first gallon , it looks like they need about 20 cents for that first gallon , and then each incremental gallon , they need more and more money . the marginal cost of that incremental gallon and for the market as a whole is going higher an... | should n't the supply fall back to a point where the equilibrium of now 40ct/gallon ( in the first scenario ) is reached and stay at this point until the demand changes ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | this is the near-term supply curve , or the short-term supply curve , looks like , looks something like this . that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . | 7 , i am not very clear as to how the supply curve is also the mc curve ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | a lot of economic profit , a lot of entrance into the market , price goes down , supply goes up . you get back to the long run supply curve . i guess you could say , you could go back to where the new demand curve is intersecting the long run supply curve . | in my school my professor taught us that the long run supply curve is a vertical line ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that the amount of money that they 're making is roughly comparable to their opportunity cost to be doing other things . when i say economic profit is 0 , sometimes that 's called the normal profit , when economic profit is 0 . this is the price at which people are neutral between shutting down and starting up their bu... | if you buy a particular commodity from many different types of stores and all the sellers offer it to you at the same price , will all the sellers earn economic profit in the lr ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | now we have a new , lower equilibrium price . we have a new lower equilibrium price . i do n't know , this looks about 40 cents per gallon , and we have a new lower equilibrium quantity . | when oranges were declared good why did the demand grew and price fell after attaining the new equilibrium price and quantity ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | we 're going to go back to some of what we 've thought about in the past in terms of just supply and demand curves . this is the orange juice , orange juice market , and let 's just draw some supply and demand curves right over here . this is going to be , this is going to be the price per gallon , price per gallon , a... | at lower prices , less people can be profitable in the orange industry , while at higher prices , more people can be profitable-and the orange farms that already were profitable become more profitable ) , is n't this supposed to be why there is a supply curve ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | this is the near-term supply curve , or the short-term supply curve , looks like , looks something like this . that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . | so , 3 , is the mc curve the same as the srs curve in all situations , or just here ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | a lot of economic profit , a lot of entrance into the market , price goes down , supply goes up . you get back to the long run supply curve . i guess you could say , you could go back to where the new demand curve is intersecting the long run supply curve . | so the economic profit line/long run supply curve does n't shift with the demand curve ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | they have to get oranges from futher away and transport them further and further . this right over here is the supply curve , or you could view it as the marginal cost , marginal cost curve . now let 's just draw an arbitrary demand curve here . | my question is : why do you call supply curve marginal cost ( mc ) ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | let 's say that 's our current demand , that is our current demand curve , and then what i 'm going to add to this is i 'm going to add the price at which firms , the suppliers of the orange juice make are neutral with returns to economic profit , or when economic profit is equal to 0 . let 's say right over here , whi... | how do you know which equilibrium price at any time is the one that delivers zero economic profit ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | now we have a new , lower equilibrium price . we have a new lower equilibrium price . i do n't know , this looks about 40 cents per gallon , and we have a new lower equilibrium quantity . | would n't any new equilibrium price mean that the producers there have no economic incentive to leave- assuming that relatively high cost producers left the scene when a lower equilibrium price is reached ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | they 're kind of neutral about it . what you see happening is in the short term , you would look at where the demand curve intersects with the short-term supply curve , but in the long term , you care where it intersects with this kind of horizontal line , which is the price at which economic profit is 0 . that 's why ... | in this video sal describes demand changes and how that affect supply/demand , but what happens in the short term and long term what the price of production changes ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | they 're not going to shut down their firms . we 're going to get to this new equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity in the long term , in the long term . now let 's think of another situation . | meaning , how does a decrease in the cost of production affect the industry and firm ( and the corresponding curves ) , both short term and long term ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | this is the near-term supply curve , or the short-term supply curve , looks like , looks something like this . that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . | would n't a reduction in the number of businesses actually be a leftward shift in the supply curve , rather than a movement along the curve ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that the amount of money that they 're making is roughly comparable to their opportunity cost to be doing other things . when i say economic profit is 0 , sometimes that 's called the normal profit , when economic profit is 0 . this is the price at which people are neutral between shutting down and starting up their bu... | is the point that economic profit equals to zero always the equilibrium point ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | now we have a new , lower equilibrium price . we have a new lower equilibrium price . i do n't know , this looks about 40 cents per gallon , and we have a new lower equilibrium quantity . | what factors will determine whether the price of cell phones will rise , fall , or stay the same in the new long-run equilibrium ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | this is the near-term supply curve , or the short-term supply curve , looks like , looks something like this . that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . | in which video did you explain why the mc curve is also the supply curve ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that the amount of money that they 're making is roughly comparable to their opportunity cost to be doing other things . when i say economic profit is 0 , sometimes that 's called the normal profit , when economic profit is 0 . this is the price at which people are neutral between shutting down and starting up their bu... | how do we know that for the economic profit to be neutral , price should be $ 0.50 ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that the amount of money that they 're making is roughly comparable to their opportunity cost to be doing other things . when i say economic profit is 0 , sometimes that 's called the normal profit , when economic profit is 0 . this is the price at which people are neutral between shutting down and starting up their bu... | is the line for `` economic profit = 0 '' just an average over the whole market ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that 's why you will hear , and this is kind of a more precise way of thinking about it than we 've done in the previous videos , this horizontal line right over here , you could view this as the long run , the long run , long run supply curve , long run supply curve . that says look , pretty much whatever we will alwa... | what is the optimal combination of l and k to produce q = 10 ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | they have to get oranges from futher away and transport them further and further . this right over here is the supply curve , or you could view it as the marginal cost , marginal cost curve . now let 's just draw an arbitrary demand curve here . | what is the total cost of producing q = 10 ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | what you see happening is in the short term , you would look at where the demand curve intersects with the short-term supply curve , but in the long term , you care where it intersects with this kind of horizontal line , which is the price at which economic profit is 0 . that 's why you will hear , and this is kind of ... | how does exactly inflation increase the long-run prices ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | let 's say right over here , which happens to be our current equilibrium price , this is the price , so 50 cents per gallon , this is the price at which economic profit is 0. so i 'll just write economic profit is equal to 0 . i want to remind you , economic profit being 0 does not mean that the accounting profit is 0 ... | can average profit be negative and if so what does that mean ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that is the supply curve . this is the entire market . these are all of the orange juice producers . | how do you determine the number of firm in a market ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | you go down here , yes , people will try to use up their fixed costs , but once they used up their fixed costs , no incentive for them to stay in business , then some of them go out of business . price goes up , quantity goes down . you get back to the long run supply curve , where that intersects with the demand curve... | but what happens after it goes back to $ 0.50/gallon ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that says look , pretty much whatever we will always produce over the long run , we will always produce whatever supply is kind of necessary , given that people are neutral when it comes to economic profit . you go down here , yes , people will try to use up their fixed costs , but once they used up their fixed costs ,... | do firms leave the business or do more people go into the business or do things carry on as per normal ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | that the amount of money that they 're making is roughly comparable to their opportunity cost to be doing other things . when i say economic profit is 0 , sometimes that 's called the normal profit , when economic profit is 0 . this is the price at which people are neutral between shutting down and starting up their bu... | what is a normal profit ? |
: we 've now thought a lot about the orange juice market , at least at a firm-specific level within the last few videos . we talked about what our average total costs and average variable costs and marginal costs are , if we are running an orange juice making business . now let 's think about what happens at the marke... | what you see happening is in the short term , you would look at where the demand curve intersects with the short-term supply curve , but in the long term , you care where it intersects with this kind of horizontal line , which is the price at which economic profit is 0 . that 's why you will hear , and this is kind of ... | i am little bit confused about the difference and similarities between the graph about perfectly competitive market in short run/long run and the monopoly ? |
so we have the graph of y is equal to g of x right over here . and i wan na think about what is the limit as x approaches five of g of x ? well we 've done this multiple times . let 's think about what g of x approaches as x approaches five from the left . g of x is approaching negative six . as x approaches five from... | and if we were to estimate that g of one is , looks like it 's approximately negative 5.1 or 5.2 , negative 5.1 . we could find the limit of g of x as x approaches pi . so pi is right around there . | this may be a bit stupid , but how do you find the limit as x approaches a specific value of a vertical line ? |
so we have the graph of y is equal to g of x right over here . and i wan na think about what is the limit as x approaches five of g of x ? well we 've done this multiple times . let 's think about what g of x approaches as x approaches five from the left . g of x is approaching negative six . as x approaches five from... | you can construct many different functions that would have the same limit at a point , and for a given function , you can take the limit at many different points , in fact an infinite number of different points . and it 's important to point that out , no pun intended , because oftentimes we get used to seeing limits o... | what was the pun ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | and so let 's say we 're dealing with chlorine , and chlorine is able to ionize . so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead... | ... '' ... the chlorine grabs an electron ... '' what is this `` grab '' ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead of just calling this the chlorine anion , we would call this chloride . so this w... | why is chlorine ion named as chloride ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead of just calling this the chlorine anion , we would call this chloride . so this w... | what 's the difference between chlorine and chloride ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let me write that down . potassium , potassium chloride . now you might be saying , `` well , i just , '' let me rewrite the whole thing . | if a chlorine anion is named `` chloride '' , what is a potassium cation named ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let me write that down . potassium , potassium chloride . now you might be saying , `` well , i just , '' let me rewrite the whole thing . | why is potassium chloride considered an `` ionic '' compound if the two atoms already neutralized each other ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | now things in group one here , one way to think about is their outermost shell has one electron in it . so they would n't mind losing that electron . so when they ionize , they tend to lose an electron and become a cation , a positive ion . | when k wants to give up an electron because it has 1 too many and cl takes the electron because it wants to become like a noble gas ... would n't they immediately break apart after the electron transfer is complete ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | why is there a suffix ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | what are the rules of naming covalent compounds ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . they would love to have eight , so they tend to be really good at grabbing electrons . | why do atoms want to have a full circle of electrons on their outer shell ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | but why do atoms of different compounds react , in spite of being already stable ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | now things in group one here , one way to think about is their outermost shell has one electron in it . so they would n't mind losing that electron . so when they ionize , they tend to lose an electron and become a cation , a positive ion . | would n't it be more practical for chlorine to have a the symbol of cl instead of cl ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let me write that down . potassium , potassium chloride . now you might be saying , `` well , i just , '' let me rewrite the whole thing . | i dont understand why ticl4 is called titanium tetrachloride instead of titanium ( iv ) chloride ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so things in group , in the halides , which is this column right over here . so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . | what is the difference between halogens and halides ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead of just calling this the chlorine anion , we would call this chloride . so this w... | chlorine is diatomic - it has the subscript numbers , how come we do n't see them in chloride ions ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium . now things in group one here , one way to think about is their outermost shell has one electron in it . | why is potassium 's symbol `` k '' ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | do all anions , which form ionic compounds with cations , have the suffix -ide attached to them ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . they would love to have eight , so they tend to be really good at grabbing electrons . | is the stability of an atom actually determined by the number of valence electrons it has ( in other words , atoms are happiest when their outermost shell is full ) ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . | can group 1 elements form ionic molecule with group 16 elements ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so things in group , in the halides , which is this column right over here . so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . | are n't halides supposed to be called halogens ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | and so let 's say we 're dealing with chlorine , and chlorine is able to ionize . so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead... | what is an electron molecule ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead of just calling this the chlorine anion , we would call this chloride . so this w... | why is the element cl referred to as `` chlorine '' not `` chloride '' ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let me write that down . potassium , potassium chloride . now you might be saying , `` well , i just , '' let me rewrite the whole thing . | am i correct that an atom of potassium has 19 electrons , but a cation has under 19 ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . they would love to have eight , so they tend to be really good at grabbing electrons . | likewise , an atom of sodium has 11 electrons , but a cation has less than 11 electrons ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so this we would refer to as chloride . now as you can imagine with potassium having a positive one charge or one plus charge and this having a negative charge , they 're going to be attracted to each other and they can actually form an ionic compound . the ionic compound they would form , we would write as , you 'd wr... | can the to ions only be attracted to each other if one has a plus 1 charge and the other has a negative 1 charge ( or just any number that the have the same of if not 1 ) ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | if oxygen 's boiling point is -183 d celsius and hydrogen 's boiling point is -253 d celsius , then how can h2o ( water ) be a liquid in room temperature ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | now as you can imagine with potassium having a positive one charge or one plus charge and this having a negative charge , they 're going to be attracted to each other and they can actually form an ionic compound . the ionic compound they would form , we would write as , you 'd write your positive ion first and then you... | so , if gold were an anion , would it be called golide ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | now things in group one here , one way to think about is their outermost shell has one electron in it . so they would n't mind losing that electron . so when they ionize , they tend to lose an electron and become a cation , a positive ion . and so let 's look at a situation where i have some potassium that has been ion... | how can k lose an electron ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let me write that down . potassium , potassium chloride . now you might be saying , `` well , i just , '' let me rewrite the whole thing . | i just do n't understand why chlorine has a name for cation is chloride but k ( potassium ) do n't has another name.or it has but i do n't know ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | k is the symbol for potassium . now things in group one here , one way to think about is their outermost shell has one electron in it . so they would n't mind losing that electron . | what is the difference between atom having a - charge and atom having one more electron ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | when representing cations and anions do you not have to display the square brackets around the atom ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | k is the symbol for potassium . now things in group one here , one way to think about is their outermost shell has one electron in it . so they would n't mind losing that electron . | why does the alkali metals in group one like to lose an electron ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so things in group , in the halides , which is this column right over here . so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . they would love to have eight , so they tend to be really good at grabbing electrons . | on the other hand , why does the halides want 8 electrons ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | how do use roman numerals when naming ionic compounds with two or more charges ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | we could refer to this as a potassium cation . now let 's go on to the other side of the periodic table . things that would really love to grab an electron . | how do you know whether an element has a poly valency from looking at the periodical table ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | and so let 's say we 're dealing with chlorine , and chlorine is able to ionize . so it 's able to grab an electron . when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead... | how do you know when an element wants to grab electron if it is positive ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | now let 's go on to the other side of the periodic table . things that would really love to grab an electron . so things in group , in the halides , which is this column right over here . so these are the halides . | why is it that alkai metals ( group 1 ) like to give away an electron and halides like to receive ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . | can only ions react to form compounds why ca n't atoms ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | so these are the halides . they have seven electrons in their outermost shell . they would love to have eight , so they tend to be really good at grabbing electrons . | hey do electrons also revolve in atoms in our hand ? |
let 's get some practice now thinking about how ions typically form , how they might form compounds and how we name those compounds . so let 's start with something in group one . in this first column , this first column is often known as alkali metals . so let 's start with potassium . k is the symbol for potassium .... | when chlorine grabs an electron , it will be a negatively charged ion , so you could write it as chlorine one minus , but the way that we generally refer to an anion , a negatively charged ion , instead of just calling this the chlorine anion , we would call this chloride . so this we would refer to as chloride . now a... | how do you know that chloride will have 1- and not a 3- charge or a 2- charge ? |
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