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what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
can anyone tell me how to derive for instantaneous velocity using calculus ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
your instantaneous speed at that instant would be $ 40 \dfrac { \text { km } } { \text { hr } } $ —the same magnitude but without a direction . average speed , however , is very different from average velocity . average speed is the distance traveled divided by elapsed time .
in example 2 how come the average velocity is -4m/3s and not -1.33 m/s ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
your instantaneous speed at that instant would be $ 40 \dfrac { \text { km } } { \text { hr } } $ —the same magnitude but without a direction . average speed , however , is very different from average velocity . average speed is the distance traveled divided by elapsed time .
are these two definitions of the average speed the same ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
we are also assuming that the route between the store and the house is a perfectly straight line . what do solved examples involving velocity and speed look like ? example 1 : disoriented iguana an iguana with a poor sense of spatial awareness is walking back and forth in the desert .
can you provide two examples that demonstrate your conclusion ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
so , while the magnitudes of the instantaneous speed and velocity are always identical , the magnitudes of average speed and velocity can be very different . since distance traveled can be greater than displacement , the average speed can be greater than average velocity , which is displacement divided by time . for ex...
in what situation we might need to find displacement ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
to find the average speed we take the total distance traveled divided by the time interval . $ \text { average speed } =\dfrac { \text { distance traveled } } { \text { time interval } } =\dfrac { 12.0\text { m } +16.0\text { m } } { 20.0\text { s } +8.0\text { s } } $ $ \text { average speed } =\dfrac { 28.0\text { m ...
to be more specific , in what kind of situation knowing , that displacement is 0 can be useful ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
determine the following for the dolphin : a. average velocity between time $ t=0 \text { s } $ to $ t=6\text { s } $ b. average speed between $ t=0 \text { s } $ to $ t=6\text { s } $ c. instantaneous velocity at time $ t=1\text { s } $ d. instantaneous speed at time $ t=4\text { s } $ part a : average velocity is defi...
for the second example part a is n't the calculations for the velocity supposed to include -12 and +4 to get -8 instead of a flat 0-8=-8 ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
when one uses v , it implies v instantaneous , right ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
police give tickets based on instantaneous velocity , but when calculating how long it will take to get from one place to another on a road trip , you need to use average velocity . instantaneous velocity , $ v $ , is simply the average velocity at a specific instant in time or over an infinitesimally small time interv...
in example n.m 1 the average velocity equal x2 - x1 over t2 - t1 not the total time so the answer is - 16 - 12 over 8 - 20 ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
what is the difference between instantaneous speed and instantaneous velocity ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
in physics , however , they do not have the same meaning , and they are distinct concepts . one major difference is that speed has no direction . thus , speed is a scalar .
what is the difference between velocity and speed ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
thus , speed is a scalar . just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an ...
why do you need it to be over an interval when it is instantaneous ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
carrying this process to its logical conclusion , we are left with an infinitesimally small interval . over such an interval , the average velocity becomes the instantaneous velocity , or the velocity at a specific moment . a car ’ s speedometer , for example , shows the magnitude—but not the direction—of the instantan...
what is the difference in the formulas between average velocity and final velocity ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
can an object ever be accelerating and experiencing an instantaneous velocity of 0m/s ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
police give tickets based on instantaneous velocity , but when calculating how long it will take to get from one place to another on a road trip , you need to use average velocity . instantaneous velocity , $ v $ , is simply the average velocity at a specific instant in time or over an infinitesimally small time interv...
i am perplexed in the graph of velocity vs time ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined to be the change in positio...
large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity , what do that mean ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
$ \text { average speed } =\dfrac { \text { distance traveled } } { \text { time interval } } =\dfrac { 12.0\text { m } +16.0\text { m } } { 20.0\text { s } +8.0\text { s } } $ $ \text { average speed } =\dfrac { 28.0\text { m } } { 28.0\text { s } } $ $ \text { average speed } =1\dfrac { \text { m } } { \text { s } } ...
in the hungry dolphin example how is displacement and time -8 and 6 respectively ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
the graph show the instantaneous velocity magnitude is 4 m/s in 1st co-ordinate but why we put negative sign ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
your instantaneous speed at that instant would be $ 40 \dfrac { \text { km } } { \text { hr } } $ —the same magnitude but without a direction . average speed , however , is very different from average velocity . average speed is the distance traveled divided by elapsed time . so , while the magnitudes of the instantane...
how do you know that your average speed is 12 mi when the distance you traveled was 6 km ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
carrying this process to its logical conclusion , we are left with an infinitesimally small interval . over such an interval , the average velocity becomes the instantaneous velocity , or the velocity at a specific moment . a car ’ s speedometer , for example , shows the magnitude—but not the direction—of the instantan...
what is the velocity of the ball when it strikes the water ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
the smaller the time intervals considered in a motion , the more detailed the information . carrying this process to its logical conclusion , we are left with an infinitesimally small interval . over such an interval , the average velocity becomes the instantaneous velocity , or the velocity at a specific moment .
how fast was the rock going when it left the boy 's hand ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
in example2 part c , why dont we use -4/1 to find instantaneous velocity ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
in part d , how would the instantaneous speed equal to 0 ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
however , under many circumstances , we can find precise values for instantaneous velocity without calculus . what does speed mean ? in everyday language , most people use the terms speed and velocity interchangeably .
to clarify , since speed does not involve direction , would that mean that speed would never be negative ( as negative indicates the direction of your movement ) ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
carrying this process to its logical conclusion , we are left with an infinitesimally small interval . over such an interval , the average velocity becomes the instantaneous velocity , or the velocity at a specific moment . a car ’ s speedometer , for example , shows the magnitude—but not the direction—of the instantan...
what exactly is velocity though ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
) } $ $ v_ { avg } =-\dfrac { 4 } { 3 } \dfrac { \text m } { \text s } \quad \text { ( calculate and celebrate . ) } $ part b : average speed is defined to be the distance traveled per time . the distance is the sum of the total path length traveled by the dolphin , so we just add up all the distances traveled by the d...
in example 2 : hungry dolphin , part b , why do we still use `` v avg '' in the formula ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
your instantaneous speed at that instant would be $ 40 \dfrac { \text { km } } { \text { hr } } $ —the same magnitude but without a direction . average speed , however , is very different from average velocity . average speed is the distance traveled divided by elapsed time .
can you use `` v avg '' when calculating average speed ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
what does speed mean ? in everyday language , most people use the terms speed and velocity interchangeably . in physics , however , they do not have the same meaning , and they are distinct concepts .
or are you suppose to use `` r '' ( `` r '' as in rate ) ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
thus average speed is not simply the magnitude of average velocity . another way of visualizing the motion of an object is to use a graph . a plot of position or of velocity as a function of time can be very useful .
how would the 2nd graph be a function ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
over such an interval , the average velocity becomes the instantaneous velocity , or the velocity at a specific moment . a car ’ s speedometer , for example , shows the magnitude—but not the direction—of the instantaneous velocity of the car . police give tickets based on instantaneous velocity , but when calculating h...
should n't the displacement always be positive since the car never goes to the left of the origin ( the car 's house ) ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
we are also assuming that the route between the store and the house is a perfectly straight line . what do solved examples involving velocity and speed look like ? example 1 : disoriented iguana an iguana with a poor sense of spatial awareness is walking back and forth in the desert .
why is velocity the same as speed when instonanious velocity is like the same thing ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
what is a instantaneous of the plane on figure 1 ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
a plot of position or of velocity as a function of time can be very useful . for example , for this trip to the store , the position , velocity , and speed-vs.-time graphs are displayed in figure 3 . note that these graphs depict a very simplified model of the trip .
what are the speed-vs.-time graph and the velocity-vs.-time graph of example 2 ?
what does velocity mean ? your notion of velocity is probably similar to its scientific definition . you know that a large displacement in a small amount of time means a large velocity and that velocity has units of distance divided by time , such as miles per hour or kilometers per hour . average velocity is defined t...
just as we need to distinguish between instantaneous velocity and average velocity , we also need to distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed . instantaneous speed is the magnitude of instantaneous velocity . for example , suppose the airplane passenger at one instant had an instantaneous velocity of $...
can someone point me to a place to brush up on finding instantaneous velocity using the calculus method ?
caught in between it 's not hard to find inspirational quotes about the difficulty and rewards of change and transition in our lives . there is always something old that we want to hang on to and there is always something new that we want to explore . transitions are difficult . the visual arts have undergone numerous ...
books were luxury items and this book was an exceptionally fine example . it was written in silver ink on parchment that had been dyed purple , the color associated with royalty and empire . there are 24 surviving folios ( pages ) and they are thought to have come from a much larger book that included perhaps 192 illus...
what was the binder used to create the gold and/or silver ink ( assuming they used finely ground metal in the ink ) ?
overview alexander the great was famous for his military power and is a legendary figure in history . much of what we know about alexander the great is unreliable and steeped in myth ; a lot of these mythologies were used by alexander ’ s successors . in the kingdom of thrace , during the reign of lysimachus—a successo...
the macedonians spoke a greek dialect and , unlike the separate greek city-states , were ruled by a monarchy and many semi-autonomous clans . one of the most powerful monarchs was phillip ii of macedon . although he is often only remembered for being the father of alexander the great , philip ii of macedon—who reigned ...
in the first map , showing the expansion of macedon , why is ionia ( present-day turkey ) so far removed from the ionian sea ( west of greece ) ?
overview alexander the great was famous for his military power and is a legendary figure in history . much of what we know about alexander the great is unreliable and steeped in myth ; a lot of these mythologies were used by alexander ’ s successors . in the kingdom of thrace , during the reign of lysimachus—a successo...
alexander 's death was so sudden that when reports of his death reached greece , they were not immediately believed . alexander had no obvious or legitimate heir because his son , alexander iv , was born after alexander 's death .
so for the alexander mosaic shown above , ( i 've previously asked this question ) , when was this really made ?
overview alexander the great was famous for his military power and is a legendary figure in history . much of what we know about alexander the great is unreliable and steeped in myth ; a lot of these mythologies were used by alexander ’ s successors . in the kingdom of thrace , during the reign of lysimachus—a successo...
on one babylonian tablet , for example , alexander ’ s death is recorded with an inscription in akkadian that reads “ on the 29th day , the king died. ” the fact that we can gather evidence about alexander the great ’ s life and military campaigns from places so far away from one another paints a picture of an expansiv...
i know it was made in the house of faun , but when is the date that the mosaic was created ?
overview alexander the great was famous for his military power and is a legendary figure in history . much of what we know about alexander the great is unreliable and steeped in myth ; a lot of these mythologies were used by alexander ’ s successors . in the kingdom of thrace , during the reign of lysimachus—a successo...
the purpose of these administrative centers was to control the newly conquered subject populations . this purpose was not realized during alexander ’ s life , however . alexander attempted to create a unified ruling class in conquered territories like persia , often using marriage ties to intermingle the conquered with...
which specific aspects of greek culture were absorbed by alexander 's conquered territories in asia ?
overview alexander the great was famous for his military power and is a legendary figure in history . much of what we know about alexander the great is unreliable and steeped in myth ; a lot of these mythologies were used by alexander ’ s successors . in the kingdom of thrace , during the reign of lysimachus—a successo...
on one babylonian tablet , for example , alexander ’ s death is recorded with an inscription in akkadian that reads “ on the 29th day , the king died. ” the fact that we can gather evidence about alexander the great ’ s life and military campaigns from places so far away from one another paints a picture of an expansiv...
do we know how old alexander 's family was when they were killed by cassander ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
in a few short years , it had killed about one-third of europe ’ s population . the effects of the devastating disease are known as the black death . a high birth rate , however , coupled with bountiful harvests , meant that the population grew during the next century .
is there any known factor as to why the black plague stopped infecting people ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
in a few short years , it had killed about one-third of europe ’ s population . the effects of the devastating disease are known as the black death . a high birth rate , however , coupled with bountiful harvests , meant that the population grew during the next century .
how did the rats carry the black death ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
in a few short years , it had killed about one-third of europe ’ s population . the effects of the devastating disease are known as the black death . a high birth rate , however , coupled with bountiful harvests , meant that the population grew during the next century .
what was the black death made of ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
women often died in childbirth , and perhaps one-third of children died before the age of five . without sanitation or medicine , many people perished from diseases we consider inconsequential today ; few lived to be older than forty-five . most individuals owned no more than two sets of clothing , consisting of a wool...
if christianity still is very popular today , then how many europeans are still catholic ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages .
why did the plaque happen and why did it just stop ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
in practice , serfdom looked more like slavery than employment . a serf ’ s life was difficult . women often died in childbirth , and perhaps one-third of children died before the age of five .
what is the difference between a serf and peasant ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
before the protestant reformation , christianity had one dominant sect : catholicism . just as agrarian life depended on the seasons , village and family life revolved around the church . the sacraments , or special ceremonies of the church , marked every stage of life , from birth to marriage to burial .
how about the royalty in the castle whose food depended on these surfs ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
how was it different ? how did the christian church affect political , economic , and social life of the middle ages ? explain how the christian church dictated future european colonization projects .
would the ruler and the church be affected ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
a serf ’ s life was difficult . women often died in childbirth , and perhaps one-third of children died before the age of five . without sanitation or medicine , many people perished from diseases we consider inconsequential today ; few lived to be older than forty-five .
why would only the women die why ca n't the men ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
ultimately , the pope decided all matters of theology , interpreting the will of god to the people , but he also had authority over temporal matters . because the church had the ability to excommunicate people , or send a soul to hell forever , even monarchs feared to challenge its power . it was also the seat of all k...
how could the priest send people to hell ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
europe ’ s feudal society was a mutually supportive system , at least in theory . the lords owned the land ; the knights gave military service to a lord and carried out his justice ; the serfs worked the land in return for the protection from invaders within the walls of the lord ’ s castle or city . feudal society was...
it was mentioned that the knights protected the serfs from invaders , but how did the knights treat them ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
ultimately , the pope decided all matters of theology , interpreting the will of god to the people , but he also had authority over temporal matters . because the church had the ability to excommunicate people , or send a soul to hell forever , even monarchs feared to challenge its power . it was also the seat of all k...
how did people even in the 1490 's let other people ( the church ) control every system of belief they had ?
overview during the middle ages , disease decimated many large cities , shrinking population and concentrating wealth . european societies used the feudal system to organize labor and power in the middle ages . europeans operated under a belief of private property rights , as opposed to communal african or native ameri...
ultimately , the pope decided all matters of theology , interpreting the will of god to the people , but he also had authority over temporal matters . because the church had the ability to excommunicate people , or send a soul to hell forever , even monarchs feared to challenge its power . it was also the seat of all k...
do people really doubt the power of their own being that they have to depend on a group of people who believe they have the power to send you to hell ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re familiar with some bases as well $ ^1 $ . you may have noticed that acidic things tend to taste sour , or that some basic things , like soap or bleach , tend to be slippery . but what does it actually mean for something to be a...
why are basic liquids slippery ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduce the ph . buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( ...
when talking about buffers , what is an acid base pair ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
carbonic acid is formed when carbon dioxide enters the bloodstream and combines with water , and it is the main form in which carbon dioxide travels in the blood between the muscles ( where it ’ s generated ) and the lungs ( where it ’ s converted back into water and co $ _2 $ , which is released as a waste product ) ....
so how does having more h+ per molar make a liquid able to burn a hole in a wall ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
anything below 7.0 is acidic , and anything above 7.0 is alkaline , or basic . the ph inside human cells ( 6.8 ) and the ph of blood ( 7.4 ) are both very close to neutral . extreme ph values , either above or below 7.0 , are usually considered unfavorable for life .
why does cytoplasm have a lower ph compared to blood ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
you may have noticed that acidic things tend to taste sour , or that some basic things , like soap or bleach , tend to be slippery . but what does it actually mean for something to be acidic or basic ? to give you the short answer : an acidic solution has a high concentration of hydrogen ions ( h $ ^+ $ ) , greater tha...
what do you mean by buffers ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ?
what is cytoplasm measured in ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
buffers , solutions that can resist changes in ph , are key to maintaining stable h $ ^+ $ ion concentrations in biological systems . when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduc...
how can a buffer `` know '' when there are too many of too few h+ ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
for example , hydrochloric acid ( hcl ) completely dissociates into hydrogen and chloride ions when it is placed in water , so it is considered a strong acid . the acids in tomato juice or vinegar , on the other hand , do not completely dissociate in water and are considered weak acids . similarly , strong bases like s...
what happens when metals react with acids ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
( now there 's something to think about with your next glass of water ! ) so , autoionized water molecules are a very tiny fraction of the total molecules in any volume of pure water . acids and bases solutions are classified as acidic or basic based on their hydrogen ion concentration relative to pure water .
how do you use the formula c1v1=c2v2 to determine the volumes of 100 % stock solution ( ml ) and distilled water ( ml ) that must be mixed to prepare a total volume of 10 ml of 25 % dilution ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
this process is called the autoionization of water : $ \text { h } _2 $ $ \text { o } $ $ \text { ( l ) } $ $ \rightleftharpoons $ $ \text { h } ^+ $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ + $ \text { oh } ^- $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ the letters in parentheses just mean that the water is liquid ( l ) , and that the ions are in aqueous ( w...
what makes h2co3 releasing its h+ ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
similarly , strong bases like sodium hydroxide ( naoh ) completely dissociate in water , releasing hydroxide ions ( or other types of basic ions ) that can absorb h $ ^+ $ . the ph scale the ph scale is used to rank solutions in terms of acidity or basicity ( alkalinity ) . since the scale is based on ph values , it is...
what does ph stand for ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
anything below 7.0 is acidic , and anything above 7.0 is alkaline , or basic . the ph inside human cells ( 6.8 ) and the ph of blood ( 7.4 ) are both very close to neutral . extreme ph values , either above or below 7.0 , are usually considered unfavorable for life .
last question about fruit ph , how does our blood our body in general retain it 's safe ph , when we eat all this acidic fruit ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
the ph scale is often said to range from 0 to 14 , and most solutions do fall within this range , although it ’ s possible to get a ph below 0 or above 14 . anything below 7.0 is acidic , and anything above 7.0 is alkaline , or basic . the ph inside human cells ( 6.8 ) and the ph of blood ( 7.4 ) are both very close to...
how can bleach be alkaline ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
as shown in the equation , dissociation makes equal numbers of hydrogen ( h $ ^+ $ ) ions and hydroxide ( oh $ ^- $ ) ions . while the hydroxide ions can float around in solution as hydroxide ions , the hydrogen ions are transferred directly to a neighboring water molecule to form hydronium ions ( h $ _3 $ o $ ^+ $ ) ....
if the autoionization of water can occur , then if nacl was dissolved in water and water autoionization occured , would the hydrogen ions react with the dissociated cl- ions to form a very small quantity of hcl and would the hydroxide ions react with the na+ ions to form a small amount of naoh base ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
however , scientists still refer to hydrogen ions and their concentration as if they were free-floating , not in hydronium form – this is just a shorthand we use by convention . so , how many water molecules in a pitcher of water will actually dissociate ? the concentration of hydrogen ions produced by dissociation in ...
if so , would the hcl and naoh neutralize each other to from nacl and water , leaving virtually no evidence of any chemicals other than nacl and water in the aqueous solution ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
the ph scale the ph scale is used to rank solutions in terms of acidity or basicity ( alkalinity ) . since the scale is based on ph values , it is logarithmic , meaning that a change of 1 ph unit corresponds to a ten-fold change in h $ ^+ $ ion concentration . the ph scale is often said to range from 0 to 14 , and most...
what causes the buffer solution to change from acidic to basic and back depending on the ph level ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
as shown in the equation , dissociation makes equal numbers of hydrogen ( h $ ^+ $ ) ions and hydroxide ( oh $ ^- $ ) ions . while the hydroxide ions can float around in solution as hydroxide ions , the hydrogen ions are transferred directly to a neighboring water molecule to form hydronium ions ( h $ _3 $ o $ ^+ $ ) ....
what percent of water is dissociated into ions ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
this process is called the autoionization of water : $ \text { h } _2 $ $ \text { o } $ $ \text { ( l ) } $ $ \rightleftharpoons $ $ \text { h } ^+ $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ + $ \text { oh } ^- $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ the letters in parentheses just mean that the water is liquid ( l ) , and that the ions are in aqueous ( w...
where are the bicarbonate ions located ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( a conjugate acid-base pair ) . for instance , one of the buffers that maintain the ph of human blood involves carbonic acid ( h $ _2 $ co $ _3 $ ) and its conjugate base , the bicarbonate ion ( hco...
also , is the bicarbonate ion only used in the equilibrium with carbonic acid or is it used in other reactions ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduce the ph . buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( ...
does the addition of water alter the ph of an acid/base solution ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
anything below 7.0 is acidic , and anything above 7.0 is alkaline , or basic . the ph inside human cells ( 6.8 ) and the ph of blood ( 7.4 ) are both very close to neutral . extreme ph values , either above or below 7.0 , are usually considered unfavorable for life . however , the environment inside your stomach is hig...
what will happen to the ph of an acid when water ( ph 7 ) is added ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
for example , hydrochloric acid ( hcl ) completely dissociates into hydrogen and chloride ions when it is placed in water , so it is considered a strong acid . the acids in tomato juice or vinegar , on the other hand , do not completely dissociate in water and are considered weak acids . similarly , strong bases like s...
why are acids sour tasting ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
acids and bases solutions are classified as acidic or basic based on their hydrogen ion concentration relative to pure water . acidic solutions have a higher h $ ^+ $ concentration than water ( greater than 1 × 10 $ ^ { -7 } $ m ) , while basic ( alkaline ) solutions have a lower h $ ^+ $ concentration ( less than 1 × ...
why molecules and how they seek that specific equilibrium ( 10-7 ) ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
the ph scale is often said to range from 0 to 14 , and most solutions do fall within this range , although it ’ s possible to get a ph below 0 or above 14 . anything below 7.0 is acidic , and anything above 7.0 is alkaline , or basic . the ph inside human cells ( 6.8 ) and the ph of blood ( 7.4 ) are both very close to...
is acid a substance that form an aqueous solution with a ph of less than 7 or a substance has a ph of less than 7 or both ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
the stronger the acid , the more readily it dissociates to generate h $ ^+ $ . for example , hydrochloric acid ( hcl ) completely dissociates into hydrogen and chloride ions when it is placed in water , so it is considered a strong acid . the acids in tomato juice or vinegar , on the other hand , do not completely diss...
let say if hydrochloric acid is an acid with a ph of 1 which is a aqueous solution , then what is the ph of hydrogen chloride which is a gas in room temperature ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
typically , the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution is expressed in terms of ph . ph is calculated as the negative log of a solution ’ s hydrogen ion concentration : $ \text { ph = } -log_ { 10 } $ $ \text { [ h } $ $ ^+ $ $ \text ] $ the square brackets around the h $ ^+ $ just mean that we are referring to its c...
is there a reason why electronic charge is called negative or positive or is it just a way to express that they are contradictory ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
similarly , strong bases like sodium hydroxide ( naoh ) completely dissociate in water , releasing hydroxide ions ( or other types of basic ions ) that can absorb h $ ^+ $ . the ph scale the ph scale is used to rank solutions in terms of acidity or basicity ( alkalinity ) . since the scale is based on ph values , it is...
how about acidity and basicity of salt solution ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduce the ph . buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( ...
what will happen when you mix a buffered solution with a base ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
a base , in contrast , raises ph by providing hydroxide ( oh $ ^- $ ) or another ion or molecule that scoops up hydrogen ions and removes them from solution . ( this is a simplified definition of acids and bases that works well for thinking about biology . you may want to visit the chemistry section to see other acid-b...
how do acids and bases give off h+ and oh- ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
this process is called the autoionization of water : $ \text { h } _2 $ $ \text { o } $ $ \text { ( l ) } $ $ \rightleftharpoons $ $ \text { h } ^+ $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ + $ \text { oh } ^- $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ the letters in parentheses just mean that the water is liquid ( l ) , and that the ions are in aqueous ( w...
if acids are h+ and bases are oh- does that mean the acid gives the base h+ ions and the base gives off oh- ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduce the ph . buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( ...
when salt is formed why why does a base form a positive ion ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
similarly , strong bases like sodium hydroxide ( naoh ) completely dissociate in water , releasing hydroxide ions ( or other types of basic ions ) that can absorb h $ ^+ $ . the ph scale the ph scale is used to rank solutions in terms of acidity or basicity ( alkalinity ) . since the scale is based on ph values , it is...
what is the ph of lye ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduce the ph . buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( ...
could you please explain how acid + base , acid + metal and acid + carbonate work ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
when there are too many h $ ^+ $ ions , a buffer will absorb some of them , bringing ph back up ; and when there are too few , a buffer will donate some of its own h $ ^+ $ ions to reduce the ph . buffers typically consist of an acid-base pair , with the acid and base differing by the presence or absence of a proton ( ...
what other buffers are there in the body other than carbonic acid ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
carbonic acid is formed when carbon dioxide enters the bloodstream and combines with water , and it is the main form in which carbon dioxide travels in the blood between the muscles ( where it ’ s generated ) and the lungs ( where it ’ s converted back into water and co $ _2 $ , which is released as a waste product ) ....
but why should carbonic acid separate into the two ions , even if there were lower levels of h+ in the blood ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
similarly , strong bases like sodium hydroxide ( naoh ) completely dissociate in water , releasing hydroxide ions ( or other types of basic ions ) that can absorb h $ ^+ $ . the ph scale the ph scale is used to rank solutions in terms of acidity or basicity ( alkalinity ) . since the scale is based on ph values , it is...
what is the relationship between acidity , potential energy and stability ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
a base , in contrast , raises ph by providing hydroxide ( oh $ ^- $ ) or another ion or molecule that scoops up hydrogen ions and removes them from solution . ( this is a simplified definition of acids and bases that works well for thinking about biology . you may want to visit the chemistry section to see other acid-b...
what is the role of acids and bases in the normal functioning of biological systems ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
in fact , the lining of the human stomach is completely replaced about every seven to ten days . buffers most organisms , including humans , need to maintain ph within a fairly narrow range in order to survive . for instance , human blood needs to keep its ph right around 7.4 , and avoid shifting significantly higher o...
what are intracellular buffers and extracellular buffers ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
anything below 7.0 is acidic , and anything above 7.0 is alkaline , or basic . the ph inside human cells ( 6.8 ) and the ph of blood ( 7.4 ) are both very close to neutral . extreme ph values , either above or below 7.0 , are usually considered unfavorable for life .
why is it that the blood 's ph is 7.4 and the cytoplasm 's ph is 6.8 ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
for example , hydrochloric acid ( hcl ) completely dissociates into hydrogen and chloride ions when it is placed in water , so it is considered a strong acid . the acids in tomato juice or vinegar , on the other hand , do not completely dissociate in water and are considered weak acids . similarly , strong bases like s...
why are acids typically sour ( lemon juice , tomato juice ) ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
in fact , the lining of the human stomach is completely replaced about every seven to ten days . buffers most organisms , including humans , need to maintain ph within a fairly narrow range in order to survive . for instance , human blood needs to keep its ph right around 7.4 , and avoid shifting significantly higher o...
what are some examples of buffers ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
the acids in tomato juice or vinegar , on the other hand , do not completely dissociate in water and are considered weak acids . similarly , strong bases like sodium hydroxide ( naoh ) completely dissociate in water , releasing hydroxide ions ( or other types of basic ions ) that can absorb h $ ^+ $ . the ph scale the ...
how do bases `` scoop up '' h+ ions from solutions ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
this process is called the autoionization of water : $ \text { h } _2 $ $ \text { o } $ $ \text { ( l ) } $ $ \rightleftharpoons $ $ \text { h } ^+ $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ + $ \text { oh } ^- $ $ \text { ( aq ) } $ the letters in parentheses just mean that the water is liquid ( l ) , and that the ions are in aqueous ( w...
but is n't hydroxide the one that donates its hydrogen ion to hydronium ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
so , autoionized water molecules are a very tiny fraction of the total molecules in any volume of pure water . acids and bases solutions are classified as acidic or basic based on their hydrogen ion concentration relative to pure water . acidic solutions have a higher h $ ^+ $ concentration than water ( greater than 1 ...
what is meant by 'acids are basic in nature ' ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re familiar with some bases as well $ ^1 $ . you may have noticed that acidic things tend to taste sour , or that some basic things , like soap or bleach , tend to be slippery . but what does it actually mean for something to be a...
can someone tell me how does hydronium ( aq ) dissolve things ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
so , autoionized water molecules are a very tiny fraction of the total molecules in any volume of pure water . acids and bases solutions are classified as acidic or basic based on their hydrogen ion concentration relative to pure water . acidic solutions have a higher h $ ^+ $ concentration than water ( greater than 1 ...
can anions still be acids if they contain hydrogen ?
introduction even if you ’ ve never set foot in a chemistry lab , chances are you know a thing or two about acids and bases . for instance , have you drunk orange juice or cola ? if so , you know some common acidic solutions . and if you ’ ve ever used baking soda , or even egg whites , in your cooking , then you ’ re ...
to give you the short answer : an acidic solution has a high concentration of hydrogen ions ( h $ ^+ $ ) , greater than that of pure water . a basic solution has a low h $ ^+ $ concentration , less than that of pure water . to see where this definition comes from , let ’ s look at the acid-base properties of water itse...
if you treat the water with a basic/alkalinity level of ph with a basic treatment too , what will be the possible things to happen ?