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introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | finally , the modified proteins are sorted ( based on markers such as amino acid sequences and chemical tags ) and packaged into vesicles that bud from the trans face of the golgi . some of these vesicles deliver their contents to other parts of the cell where they will be used , such as the lysosome or vacuole . other... | also , how do the vesicles know where to deliver the protein ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | in plant cells , the golgi apparatus also makes polysaccharides ( long-chain carbohydrates ) , some of which are incorporated into the cell wall . lysosomes the lysosome is an organelle that contains digestive enzymes and acts as the organelle-recycling facility of an animal cell . it breaks down old and unnecessary st... | concerning lysosomes breaking down cellular structures , how old would an organelle be to be considered old enough to recycle , and how does the cell know to recycle it ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the enzymes break down fatty acids and amino acids , and they also detoxify some substances that enter the body . for example , alcohol is detoxified by peroxisomes found in liver cells . importantly , peroxisomes—unlike lysosomes—are are not part of the endomembrane system . | why would eukaryotic organism 's cells evolve to have two organelles ( lysomes and peroxisomes ) that both basically have the same function ( breaking down unnecessary structures and digesting foreign particles ) ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | before reaching their final destination , the lipids and proteins in the transport vesicles need to be sorted , packaged , and tagged so that they wind up in the right place . this sorting , tagging , packaging , and distribution takes place in the golgi apparatus ( golgi body ) , an organelle made up of flattened disc... | are tonoplasts made of phospholipid bilayers ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the invaginated section , with the pathogen inside , pinches off from the plasma membrane to form a structure called a phagosome . the phagosome then fuses with a lysosome , forming a combined compartment where digestive enzymes destroy the pathogen . vacuoles plants cells do not have lysosomes . | after the lysosome has digested the pathogen , where does the byproduct go ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package , and transport lipids and proteins . it includes a variety of organelles , such as the nuclear envelope and lysosomes , which you may already know , and the endoplasmic reti... | does the endoplasmic reticulum usually just jut out of one side of the nuclear envelope or does it extend from all parts of the nuclear envelope ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package , and transport lipids and proteins . it includes a variety of organelles , such as the nuclear envelope and lysosomes , which you may already know , and the endoplasmic reti... | so a nuclear envelope would not be circular looking , in actuality , but more like octopus tentacles ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | functions of the smooth er include : synthesis of carbohydrates , lipids , and steroid hormones detoxification of medications and poisons storage of calcium ions in muscle cells , a special type of smooth er called the sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storage of calcium ions that are needed to trigger the coor... | are cisternae only found in golgi body or are they also found in er ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | functions of the smooth er include : synthesis of carbohydrates , lipids , and steroid hormones detoxification of medications and poisons storage of calcium ions in muscle cells , a special type of smooth er called the sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storage of calcium ions that are needed to trigger the coor... | are er made out of cisternae ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | if the modified proteins are not destined to stay in the er , they will be packaged into vesicles , or small spheres of membrane that are used for transport , and shipped to the golgi apparatus . the rough er also makes phospholipids for other cellular membranes , which are transported when the vesicle forms . since th... | the rough er also makes phospholipids ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the phagosome then fuses with a lysosome , forming a combined compartment where digestive enzymes destroy the pathogen . vacuoles plants cells do not have lysosomes . instead , they have another type of organelle called the vacuole . | why do n't plants have lysosomes ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | why are n't mitochondria considered to be a part of the endomembrane system ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . | what is the meaning of the word 'lipid ' ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | since the rough er helps modify proteins that will be secreted from the cell , cells whose job is to secrete large amounts of enzymes or other proteins , such as liver cells , have lots of rough er . smooth er the smooth endoplasmic reticulum ( smooth er ) is continuous with the rough er but has few or no ribosomes on ... | what is the this organelle produces transport vesicles where organisms are packaged after modification by the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the discs and tubules of the er are hollow , and the space inside is called the lumen . rough er the rough endoplasmic reticulum ( rough er ) gets its name from the bumpy ribosomes attached to its cytoplasmic surface . as these ribosomes make proteins , they feed the newly forming protein chains into the lumen . some a... | 2 questions : how are ribosomes created ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | functions of the smooth er include : synthesis of carbohydrates , lipids , and steroid hormones detoxification of medications and poisons storage of calcium ions in muscle cells , a special type of smooth er called the sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storage of calcium ions that are needed to trigger the coor... | and if vesicles keep detaching themselves from the er , then how does the er not run out of membrane ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | others fuse with the plasma membrane , delivering membrane-anchored proteins that function there and releasing secreted proteins outside the cell . cells that secrete many proteins—such as salivary gland cells that secrete digestive enzymes , or cells of the immune system that secrete antibodies—have many golgi stacks ... | how many atp 's are needed to fix 1 atom of carbon ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | in plant cells , the golgi apparatus also makes polysaccharides ( long-chain carbohydrates ) , some of which are incorporated into the cell wall . lysosomes the lysosome is an organelle that contains digestive enzymes and acts as the organelle-recycling facility of an animal cell . it breaks down old and unnecessary st... | what is the membrane-bound organelle in an animal cell that is used for storage ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | some of these vesicles deliver their contents to other parts of the cell where they will be used , such as the lysosome or vacuole . others fuse with the plasma membrane , delivering membrane-anchored proteins that function there and releasing secreted proteins outside the cell . cells that secrete many proteins—such a... | and what is a membrane-bound organelle in a plant cell that breaks down stuff ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the phagosome then fuses with a lysosome , forming a combined compartment where digestive enzymes destroy the pathogen . vacuoles plants cells do not have lysosomes . instead , they have another type of organelle called the vacuole . | what are vacuoles and what are they thought of ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | what is the history of the endomembrane system ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | what does the nuclear envelope do in the endomembrane system ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the phagosome then fuses with a lysosome , forming a combined compartment where digestive enzymes destroy the pathogen . vacuoles plants cells do not have lysosomes . instead , they have another type of organelle called the vacuole . | how do the vacuoles know where to go ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | these patches serve as exit sites for vesicles budding off from the rough er and are called transitional er $ ^1 $ . the golgi apparatus when vesicles bud off from the er , where do they go ? before reaching their final destination , the lipids and proteins in the transport vesicles need to be sorted , packaged , and t... | where do vesicles from ers go after reaching the golgi apparatus ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the discs and tubules of the er are hollow , and the space inside is called the lumen . rough er the rough endoplasmic reticulum ( rough er ) gets its name from the bumpy ribosomes attached to its cytoplasmic surface . as these ribosomes make proteins , they feed the newly forming protein chains into the lumen . | once a ribosome attaches to the rough er , does it remain attached forever ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the phagosome then fuses with a lysosome , forming a combined compartment where digestive enzymes destroy the pathogen . vacuoles plants cells do not have lysosomes . instead , they have another type of organelle called the vacuole . | how many types of vacuoles are there ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | it includes a variety of organelles , such as the nuclear envelope and lysosomes , which you may already know , and the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus , which we will cover shortly . although it 's not technically inside the cell , the plasma membrane is also part of the endomembrane system . as we 'll see ,... | isnt the peroxizome also a part of the endo membrane system ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the discs and tubules of the er are hollow , and the space inside is called the lumen . rough er the rough endoplasmic reticulum ( rough er ) gets its name from the bumpy ribosomes attached to its cytoplasmic surface . as these ribosomes make proteins , they feed the newly forming protein chains into the lumen . | what is the difference between the ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes found in the cytoplasm ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | also , what 's the difference between endomembrane system and cytolplasm ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | these patches serve as exit sites for vesicles budding off from the rough er and are called transitional er $ ^1 $ . the golgi apparatus when vesicles bud off from the er , where do they go ? before reaching their final destination , the lipids and proteins in the transport vesicles need to be sorted , packaged , and t... | the golgi apparatus and er seem to do the same thing , adding lipids , carbohydrates , what are the difference between these two things ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | why is n't ribosome part of the endomembrane system ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | as proteins and lipids travel through the golgi , they undergo further modifications . short chains of sugar molecules might be added or removed , or phosphate groups attached as tags . carbohydrate processing is show in the diagram as the gain and loss of branches on the purple carbohydrate group attached to the prote... | does lysosomes break the unusually large number of carbohydrate sugar groups attached inside to protect protein ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | importantly , peroxisomes—unlike lysosomes—are are not part of the endomembrane system . that means they do n't receive vesicles from the golgi apparatus . you can learn more about how proteins are shipped to the peroxisome in the article on protein targeting . | should n't the sugars be affected by the enymes ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | some of these vesicles deliver their contents to other parts of the cell where they will be used , such as the lysosome or vacuole . others fuse with the plasma membrane , delivering membrane-anchored proteins that function there and releasing secreted proteins outside the cell . cells that secrete many proteins—such a... | i 'm kinda confused as to where the proteins are made ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | is the purpose of the endomembrane system just to create and transport proteins ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . | what are the differences between centrioles and centrosome ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | after a moment of panic in which you consider calling the postal service , you relax , having remembered : i have an endomembrane system ! what is the endomembrane system ? the endomembrane system ( endo- = “ within ” ) is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify , package ,... | if the organelles in the system malfunctions , what will happen to your body ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | some of these vesicles deliver their contents to other parts of the cell where they will be used , such as the lysosome or vacuole . others fuse with the plasma membrane , delivering membrane-anchored proteins that function there and releasing secreted proteins outside the cell . cells that secrete many proteins—such a... | why is the membrane a phospholipid bilayer ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | some of these vesicles deliver their contents to other parts of the cell where they will be used , such as the lysosome or vacuole . others fuse with the plasma membrane , delivering membrane-anchored proteins that function there and releasing secreted proteins outside the cell . cells that secrete many proteins—such a... | and what are tunnel proteins ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | these patches serve as exit sites for vesicles budding off from the rough er and are called transitional er $ ^1 $ . the golgi apparatus when vesicles bud off from the er , where do they go ? before reaching their final destination , the lipids and proteins in the transport vesicles need to be sorted , packaged , and t... | the undigested matarial where it go after come from lysosome ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | as proteins and lipids travel through the golgi , they undergo further modifications . short chains of sugar molecules might be added or removed , or phosphate groups attached as tags . carbohydrate processing is show in the diagram as the gain and loss of branches on the purple carbohydrate group attached to the prote... | does ribosome contain the sugar 'ribose ' ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the discs and tubules of the er are hollow , and the space inside is called the lumen . rough er the rough endoplasmic reticulum ( rough er ) gets its name from the bumpy ribosomes attached to its cytoplasmic surface . as these ribosomes make proteins , they feed the newly forming protein chains into the lumen . | can the lipids and proteins gain carbohydrates in both the rough er and the golgi apparatus ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . | why electrons do not fall into the nucleus ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the rough er also makes phospholipids for other cellular membranes , which are transported when the vesicle forms . since the rough er helps modify proteins that will be secreted from the cell , cells whose job is to secrete large amounts of enzymes or other proteins , such as liver cells , have lots of rough er . smoo... | can proteins exit the cell from the rough er without going through the golgi apparatus ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | functions of the smooth er include : synthesis of carbohydrates , lipids , and steroid hormones detoxification of medications and poisons storage of calcium ions in muscle cells , a special type of smooth er called the sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for storage of calcium ions that are needed to trigger the coor... | what is an er again ? |
introduction let ’ s imagine you are a pancreatic cell . your job is to secrete digestive enzymes , which travel into the small intestine and help break down nutrients from food . in order to carry out this job , you somehow have to get those enzymes shipped from their site of synthesis—inside the cell—to their place o... | the phagosome then fuses with a lysosome , forming a combined compartment where digestive enzymes destroy the pathogen . vacuoles plants cells do not have lysosomes . instead , they have another type of organelle called the vacuole . | whats the difference between lysosomes and lyposomes ? |
overview theodore roosevelt served as president from 1901-1909 , ascending to the office after the assassination of william mckinley . in foreign policy , roosevelt advocated for a stronger army and navy , and increased american intervention in latin america through declaring the `` roosevelt corollary '' to the monroe... | he graduated from harvard in 1880 and started at columbia law school , but dropped out in order to run for office . ( his niece , eleanor roosevelt , would go on to marry his distant cousin franklin delano roosevelt and become first lady of the united states in the 1930s . ) $ ^1 $ roosevelt quickly rose through the po... | were fdr 's social circles so small , as to limit his options for dating to distant relatives ? |
overview theodore roosevelt served as president from 1901-1909 , ascending to the office after the assassination of william mckinley . in foreign policy , roosevelt advocated for a stronger army and navy , and increased american intervention in latin america through declaring the `` roosevelt corollary '' to the monroe... | roosevelt 's domestic program was known as the `` square deal , '' which promised protections for consumers , workers , and the environment . roosevelt 's early life and career theodore `` teddy '' roosevelt was born into a wealthy new york family in 1858 . he was a sickly child who grew up determined to improve his he... | was teddy roosevelt helpful to the u.s. ? |
overview theodore roosevelt served as president from 1901-1909 , ascending to the office after the assassination of william mckinley . in foreign policy , roosevelt advocated for a stronger army and navy , and increased american intervention in latin america through declaring the `` roosevelt corollary '' to the monroe... | unsurprisingly , republican voters were split between the warring factions of taft and roosevelt , and democrat woodrow wilson swept to victory in 1912. $ ^ { 11 } $ what do you think ? teddy roosevelt espoused a very imperialistic foreign policy , and yet fought against monopolies at home . were his foreign policy and... | if teddy was still alive how would it be today the same ? |
overview theodore roosevelt served as president from 1901-1909 , ascending to the office after the assassination of william mckinley . in foreign policy , roosevelt advocated for a stronger army and navy , and increased american intervention in latin america through declaring the `` roosevelt corollary '' to the monroe... | roosevelt 's domestic program was known as the `` square deal , '' which promised protections for consumers , workers , and the environment . roosevelt 's early life and career theodore `` teddy '' roosevelt was born into a wealthy new york family in 1858 . he was a sickly child who grew up determined to improve his he... | what happen next to teddy roosevelt ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . | in the document stand for ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | are there different branches of islam ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | this event is known as the hijra , or emigration . 622 , the year of the hijra ( a.h. ) , marks the beginning of the muslim calendar , which is still in use today . between 625-630 c.e. , there were a series of battles fought between the meccans and muhammad and the new muslim community . | it is not basically a question but i request the concerned authorities to kindly write ( p.b.u.h ) or ( s.a.w ) ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | if islam was started by muhammed , then why can we classify names as islamic names ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the arabs claim descent from ishmael , the son of abraham and hagar . the kaaba then became the most important center for pilgrimage in islam . in 632 , muhammad died in medina . | if mecca , where he was born , was the pilgrimage site of polytheistic religions ( the kaaba , sixth paragraph ) , could he have originally been a polytheist and subsequently converted to monotheism ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | today , the shi ’ ite community is composed of several different branches , and there are large shia populations in iran , iraq , and bahrain . the sunnis , who do not hold that ali should have directly succeeded muhammad , compose the largest branch of islam ; their adherents can be found across north africa , the mid... | what does `` succeeded muhammad directly '' means ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | why did islam spread so quickly ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | what aspects of islam that worked to draw people into the islamic ummah ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the abbasid dynasty assumed the caliphate and ruled large sections of the islamic world . however , with the abbasid revolution , no one ruler would ever again control all of the islamic lands . essay by originally by dr. elizabeth macaulay-lewis with significant adaptations by khan academy | what could be some contrasting examples from one of the other belief systems such as taoism , confucianism ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | he married a wealthy widow named khadija who was 15 years older and his employer . around 610 c.e. , muhammad had his first religious experience , where he was instructed to recite by the angel gabriel . after a period of introspection and self-doubt , muhammad accepted his role as god ’ s prophet and began to preach w... | assuming that muhammad 's first religious experience with the angel gabriel gave him the knowledge to spread amongst all the followers of the islamic faith , and given the longevity of the original five pillars of faith and the reluctancy to make changes to the pillars , why is there such a disagreement between the two... |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | around 610 c.e. , muhammad had his first religious experience , where he was instructed to recite by the angel gabriel . after a period of introspection and self-doubt , muhammad accepted his role as god ’ s prophet and began to preach word of the one god , or allah in arabic . his first convert was his wife . | ( but then some will believe in hadith while some will not so that is why the next question ) why has n't the god told us explicitly that what should happen after prophet ( saw ) ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | muslims believe that he was the final in a line of prophets , which included moses , abraham , and jesus . after muhammad 's death the century following muhammad ’ s death was dominated by military conquest and expansion . muhammad was succeeded by the four “ rightly-guided ” caliphs ( khalifa or successor in arabic ) ... | am i right in thinking that after his night journey and ascension to heaven muhammad returned a year later to lead his people in flight to yathrib ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | muslims believe that he was the final in a line of prophets , which included moses , abraham , and jesus . after muhammad 's death the century following muhammad ’ s death was dominated by military conquest and expansion . muhammad was succeeded by the four “ rightly-guided ” caliphs ( khalifa or successor in arabic ) ... | how can i show a picture of muhammad without showing his face ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the final caliph , ali , was married to fatima , muhammad ’ s daughter and was murdered in 661 . the death of ali is a very important event ; his followers , who believed that he should have succeeded muhammad directly , became known as the shi ’ a ( `` party '' or `` followers '' ) , referring to the followers of ali ... | which of the groups sunni or shi'a has the most power in modern times ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . | does the ' in qu'ran stand for the hamzah , or the letter ain ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | what are some customs in islam ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | also , what is a woman 's role in islam ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | during the seventh and early eighth centuries , the arab armies conquered large swaths of territory in the middle east , north africa , the iberian peninsula , and central asia , despite on-going civil wars in arabia and the middle east . eventually , the umayyad dynasty emerged as the rulers , with abd al-malik comple... | where is the dome of the rock located ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the qur'an , the holy book of islam , provides very little detail about muhammad ’ s life ; however , the hadiths , or sayings of the prophet , which were largely compiled in the centuries following muhammad ’ s death , provide a larger narrative for the events in his life ( although there is significant debate in the ... | when did muhammad was born ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | muhammad was born in 570 c.e . in mecca , and his early life was unremarkable . he married a wealthy widow named khadija who was 15 years older and his employer . | in the third paragraph , it states that muhammad 's early life was `` unremarkable '' , what other accounts of his life are there ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the qur'an is believed to have been codified during uthman ’ s reign . the final caliph , ali , was married to fatima , muhammad ’ s daughter and was murdered in 661 . the death of ali is a very important event ; his followers , who believed that he should have succeeded muhammad directly , became known as the shi ’ a ... | is this belief that ali should have the successor to muhammad the only difference between the shi'ites and the sunni ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the final caliph , ali , was married to fatima , muhammad ’ s daughter and was murdered in 661 . the death of ali is a very important event ; his followers , who believed that he should have succeeded muhammad directly , became known as the shi ’ a ( `` party '' or `` followers '' ) , referring to the followers of ali ... | is it true that this was the religion of peace for 13 years , until muhammad changed tactics to convert followers ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | this event is known as the hijra , or emigration . 622 , the year of the hijra ( a.h. ) , marks the beginning of the muslim calendar , which is still in use today . between 625-630 c.e. , there were a series of battles fought between the meccans and muhammad and the new muslim community . | what does the a h stand for ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | is the alhambra an artwork that was created to share the positive attributes of the prophet muhammad with the western world ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . | what is the religion hindu ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . | what was the society like in terms of culture ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | muhammad was born in 570 c.e . in mecca , and his early life was unremarkable . he married a wealthy widow named khadija who was 15 years older and his employer . | what ideas prevailed and led everyday life at that period ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the abbasid dynasty assumed the caliphate and ruled large sections of the islamic world . however , with the abbasid revolution , no one ruler would ever again control all of the islamic lands . essay by originally by dr. elizabeth macaulay-lewis with significant adaptations by khan academy | what was that abbasid revolution ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | its central article of faith is that `` there is no god but god and muhammad is his messenger '' . followers of islam are called muslims . muslims believe that they are following in the same tradition as the judeo-christian figures adam , noah , abraham , moses , and jesus who they believe were significant prophets bef... | is everyone was in saudi arabia that time all muslims ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | what similarities are their in the basic belief system of islam vs. hinduism ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | in 632 , muhammad died in medina . muslims believe that he was the final in a line of prophets , which included moses , abraham , and jesus . after muhammad 's death the century following muhammad ’ s death was dominated by military conquest and expansion . | is allah loving and kind such as jesus ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | the qur'an , the holy book of islam , provides very little detail about muhammad ’ s life ; however , the hadiths , or sayings of the prophet , which were largely compiled in the centuries following muhammad ’ s death , provide a larger narrative for the events in his life ( although there is significant debate in the ... | ( 570-632 c.e ) what does the c.e stand for ? |
origins and the life of muhammad the prophet islam , judaism , and christianity are three of the world ’ s great monotheistic faiths . they share many of the same holy sites , such as jerusalem , and prophets , such as abraham . collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it i... | collectively , scholars refer to these three religions as the abrahamic faiths , since it is believed that abraham and his family played vital roles in the formation of these religions . islam began with the prophet muhammad . islam means `` surrender '' and its central idea is a surrendering to the will of god . | can we speak of islam as something more then just a faith or religion ? |
key points phosphorous is an essential nutrient found in the macromolecules of humans and other organisms , including $ \text { dna } $ . the phosphorous cycle is slow . most phosphorous in nature exists in the form of phosphate ion— $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ . phosphorous is often the limiting nutrient , or nutrient... | hint : the answer is probably yes ! phosphorus is an essential nutrient for living organisms . it ’ s a key part of nucleic acids , like $ \text { dna } $ and of the phospholipids that form our cell membranes . | which part of the biosphere does phosphorus not pass through ? |
key points phosphorous is an essential nutrient found in the macromolecules of humans and other organisms , including $ \text { dna } $ . the phosphorous cycle is slow . most phosphorous in nature exists in the form of phosphate ion— $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ . phosphorous is often the limiting nutrient , or nutrient... | key points phosphorous is an essential nutrient found in the macromolecules of humans and other organisms , including $ \text { dna } $ . the phosphorous cycle is slow . most phosphorous in nature exists in the form of phosphate ion— $ \text { po } _4^ { 3- } $ . | phosphorous cycle is perfect or imperfect cycle ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | but what was the alternative possibility ? that is , what would happen if two genes did n't follow independent assortment ? in the extreme case , the genes for seed color and seed shape might have always been inherited as a pair . | if the dogs in f1 breed with each other to make f2 , would this be considered incest ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | the $ 16 $ equal-probability fertilization events that can occur among the gametes are shown in the $ 16 $ boxes . the offspring genotypes in the boxes correspond to a $ 9:3:3:1 $ ratio of phenotypes , just as mendel observed . independent assortment vs. linkage the section above gives us mendel 's law of independent a... | the phenotypes are a :ratio , but what are the possible genotypes ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | these phenotypic categories ( categories defined by observable traits ) appeared in a ratio of approximately $ 9:3:3:1 $ . this ratio was the key clue that led mendel to the law of independent assortment . that 's because a $ 9:3:3:1 $ ratio is exactly what we 'd expect to see if the $ \text f1 $ plant made four types ... | for the experiment of f1 generation how did mendel know for sure that the tall parent 's genotype is ( tt ) ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | the offspring genotypes in the boxes correspond to a $ 9:3:3:1 $ ratio of phenotypes , just as mendel observed . independent assortment vs. linkage the section above gives us mendel 's law of independent assortment in a nutshell , and lets us see how the law of independent assortment leads to a $ 9:3:3:1 $ ratio . but ... | what is the difference between segregation and independent assortment ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | note : if you are not yet familiar with how individual genes are inherited , you may want to check out the article on the law of segregation or the introduction to heredity video before you dive into this article . what is the law of independent assortment ? mendel 's law of independent assortment states that the allel... | does the law of independent assortment apply to two genes on different chromosomes or two alleles on different chromosomes ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | this means that the $ \text f_1 $ plants are all yellow and round . because they are heterozygous for two genes , the $ \text f_1 $ plants are called dihybrids ( di- = two , -hybrid = heterozygous ) . a cross between two dihybrids ( or , equivalently , self-fertilization of a dihybrid ) is known as a dihybrid cross . | can it be said that the conditions when the law of independent assortment applies is when the cross is between two individuals that are heterozygous for two or more traits on separate chromosomes ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | but what was the alternative possibility ? that is , what would happen if two genes did n't follow independent assortment ? in the extreme case , the genes for seed color and seed shape might have always been inherited as a pair . | what will happen if the traits of f1 generation are passed to f2 generation ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | note : if you are not yet familiar with how individual genes are inherited , you may want to check out the article on the law of segregation or the introduction to heredity video before you dive into this article . what is the law of independent assortment ? mendel 's law of independent assortment states that the allel... | are linked genes an exception to the law of independent assortment ? |
introduction the law of segregation lets us predict how a single feature associated with a single gene is inherited . in some cases , though , we might want to predict the inheritance of two characteristics associated with two different genes . how can we do this ? to make an accurate prediction , we need to know wheth... | because they are heterozygous for two genes , the $ \text f_1 $ plants are called dihybrids ( di- = two , -hybrid = heterozygous ) . a cross between two dihybrids ( or , equivalently , self-fertilization of a dihybrid ) is known as a dihybrid cross . when mendel did this cross and looked at the offspring , he found tha... | what is the possible genotypic ratio of this cross ? |
key points the three main categories of market-oriented environmental policies are pollution charges , marketable permits , and better-defined property rights . the advantage of market-oriented environmental tools is that , because of their incentives and flexibility , they can achieve any desired reduction in pollutio... | the advantage of market-oriented environmental tools is not that they reduce pollution by more or less ; it is that because of their incentives and flexibility , they can achieve any desired reduction in pollution at a lower cost to society . applying market-oriented environmental tools market-oriented environmental po... | in other words , what is the definition of market-incentive ? |
overview the philosophy of transcendentalism arose in the 1830s in the eastern united states as a reaction to intellectualism . its adherents yearned for intense spiritual experiences and sought to transcend the purely material world of reason and rationality . ralph waldo emerson and henry david thoreau were two of th... | transcendentalists believed that humans were fundamentally good but corrupted by society and that they should therefore strive for independence and self-reliance. $ ^1 $ ralph waldo emerson and henry david thoreau were two of the most famous transcendentalists . in 1845 , thoreau moved to a cabin that he built on walde... | is there a certain reason that henry david thoreau lived in his cabin by walden pond for specifically two years , two months , and two days ? |
when a question on the sat writing and language test asks you to consider whether to add or delete information , it 's helpful to identify what the purpose or function of that information is . when you see this : '' the writer is considering deleting the underlined sentence . should the writer do this ? '' try this : 1... | or does it blur the focus of the paragraph ? give question 8 below a try ! this is taken from a passage entitled a life in traffic when you see this : '' at this point , the writer is considering adding the following sentence : & lt ; & gt ; should the writer make this addition here ? '' | when answering a question at final moment always 2 options confuse you , how to overcome this ? |
key points humans—and other complex multicellular organisms—have systems of organs that work together , carrying out processes that keep us alive . the body has levels of organization that build on each other . cells make up tissues , tissues make up organs , and organs make up organ systems . the function of an organ ... | digestion wouldn ’ t so work well if your stomach stopped churning or if one of your enzyme-producing glands—like the pancreas—decided to take the day off ! organ systems work together , too . just as the organs in an organ system work together to accomplish their task , so the different organ systems also cooperate to... | if one organ does n't work properly , does that mean the human body will die ? |
key points humans—and other complex multicellular organisms—have systems of organs that work together , carrying out processes that keep us alive . the body has levels of organization that build on each other . cells make up tissues , tissues make up organs , and organs make up organ systems . the function of an organ ... | there 's also a lot of functional overlap among the different systems . for instance , while we tend to think of the cardiovascular system as delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells , it also plays a role in maintaining temperature . the blood also transports hormones produced by the glands of the endocrine system , a... | are white blood cells part of the cardiovascular or lymphatic system ? |
key points humans—and other complex multicellular organisms—have systems of organs that work together , carrying out processes that keep us alive . the body has levels of organization that build on each other . cells make up tissues , tissues make up organs , and organs make up organ systems . the function of an organ ... | integumentary |provides protection from injury and fluid loss and provides physical defense against infection by microorganisms ; involved in temperature control| skin , hair , and nails muscular |provides movement , support , and heat production |skeletal , cardiac , and smooth muscles nervous |collects , transfers , ... | what are the layers of the integumentary system and how do they function in relation to one another ? |
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