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what should i know before starting biology ? if you are curious about biology or plan to study it in the future , you may be wondering what `` prerequisites '' it has – that is , what other knowledge will give you a solid foundation to learn biology . if so , big kudos for thinking ahead ! in my opinion , the only stri...
what should i know before starting biology ? if you are curious about biology or plan to study it in the future , you may be wondering what `` prerequisites '' it has – that is , what other knowledge will give you a solid foundation to learn biology .
what is meiosis and where the sperms of male are deposit ?
what should i know before starting biology ? if you are curious about biology or plan to study it in the future , you may be wondering what `` prerequisites '' it has – that is , what other knowledge will give you a solid foundation to learn biology . if so , big kudos for thinking ahead ! in my opinion , the only stri...
what should i know before starting biology ? if you are curious about biology or plan to study it in the future , you may be wondering what `` prerequisites '' it has – that is , what other knowledge will give you a solid foundation to learn biology .
what is eukaryotic and prokaryotic ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
this regulation makes sure that cells do n't divide under unfavorable conditions ( for instance , when their dna is damaged , or when there is n't room for more cells in a tissue or organ ) . cell cycle checkpoints a checkpoint is a stage in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which at which the cell examines internal and ext...
for each of the three main checkpoints in the cell cycle , indicates what could happen if the checkpoint did n't function ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
if the checkpoint mechanisms detect problems with the dna , the cell cycle is halted , and the cell attempts to either complete dna replication or repair the damaged dna . if the damage is irreparable , the cell may undergo apoptosis , or programmed cell death $ ^2 $ . this self-destruction mechanism ensures that damag...
so g1 and g2 checkpoints both check for cell damage ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
because the separation of the sister chromatids during anaphase is an irreversible step , the cycle will not proceed until all the chromosomes are firmly attached to at least two spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell . how does this checkpoint work ? it seems that cells do n't actually scan the metaphase plate...
do the lines in the diagrams symbolize where in the cycle the checkpoint is occurring ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
some cells stay permanently in g $ _0 $ , while others resume dividing if conditions improve . # # the g $ _2 $ checkpoint to make sure that cell division goes smoothly ( produces healthy daughter cells with complete , undamaged dna ) , the cell has an additional checkpoint before m phase , called the g $ _2 $ checkpoi...
if so , is n't the g1 checkpoint supposed to occur before the g0 phase ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way .
what happens to those cells who has not satisfied the checking that is made during the g1 phase ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
this self-destruction mechanism ensures that damaged dna is not passed on to daughter cells and is important in preventing cancer . the spindle checkpoint the m checkpoint is also known as the spindle checkpoint : here , the cell examines whether all the sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubu...
does the spindle checkpoint play a role in inducing mitotic catastrophe ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
how do the checkpoints actually work ? this article gives a high-level overview of cell cycle control , outlining the factors that influence a cell ’ s decision to pause or progress at each checkpoint . however , you may be wondering what these factors actually do to the cell , or change inside of it , to cause ( or bl...
or does it only serve to pause the cell cycle ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way .
can cells go through apoptosis in g0 phase ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
here are some of the factors a cell might assess : size . is the cell large enough to divide ? nutrients .
for cells that normally do not divide ( such as neurones ) , is it possible to purposefully induce cell division ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
some cells stay permanently in g $ _0 $ , while others resume dividing if conditions improve . # # the g $ _2 $ checkpoint to make sure that cell division goes smoothly ( produces healthy daughter cells with complete , undamaged dna ) , the cell has an additional checkpoint before m phase , called the g $ _2 $ checkpoi...
if a cell becomes cancerous , what is the checkpoint it will bypass ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
this self-destruction mechanism ensures that damaged dna is not passed on to daughter cells and is important in preventing cancer . the spindle checkpoint the m checkpoint is also known as the spindle checkpoint : here , the cell examines whether all the sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubu...
are spindle fibers the same thing as spindle microtubules ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around them to decide whether to proceed with cell division . this regulation makes sure that cells do n't divide under unfavorable conditions ( for instance , when their dna is damaged , or when there is n't room for more cells in a tiss...
what happens if the cell ca n't pass the checkpoints ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
some cells stay permanently in g $ _0 $ , while others resume dividing if conditions improve . # # the g $ _2 $ checkpoint to make sure that cell division goes smoothly ( produces healthy daughter cells with complete , undamaged dna ) , the cell has an additional checkpoint before m phase , called the g $ _2 $ checkpoi...
what would happen if a cell bypasses a checkpoint ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
here are some of the factors a cell might assess : size . is the cell large enough to divide ? nutrients .
what happens when cytokinesis does not undergo ... does the cell not divide and have two nuclei ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
dna replication . was the dna completely copied during s phase ? if errors or damage are detected , the cell will pause at the g $ _2 $ checkpoint to allow for repairs .
what happens in the g2 phase ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
if the checkpoint mechanisms detect problems with the dna , the cell cycle is halted , and the cell attempts to either complete dna replication or repair the damaged dna . if the damage is irreparable , the cell may undergo apoptosis , or programmed cell death $ ^2 $ . this self-destruction mechanism ensures that damag...
why is it important for the cell to produce proteins before dividing ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around them to decide whether to proceed with cell division .
what occurs when they ( the cells ) miss checkpoints in the cell cycle ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
this regulation makes sure that cells do n't divide under unfavorable conditions ( for instance , when their dna is damaged , or when there is n't room for more cells in a tissue or organ ) . cell cycle checkpoints a checkpoint is a stage in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which at which the cell examines internal and ext...
what happens when a cell ignores the checkpoints ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around them to decide whether to proceed with cell division . this regulation makes sure that cells do n't divide under unfavorable conditions ( for instance , when their dna is damaged , or when there is n't room for more cells in a tiss...
what happens to the polar bodies that do n't become gametes ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
dna replication . was the dna completely copied during s phase ? if errors or damage are detected , the cell will pause at the g $ _2 $ checkpoint to allow for repairs .
what are the number of chromosomes in g1 phase ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
this regulation makes sure that cells do n't divide under unfavorable conditions ( for instance , when their dna is damaged , or when there is n't room for more cells in a tissue or organ ) . cell cycle checkpoints a checkpoint is a stage in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which at which the cell examines internal and ext...
whether cell is in diploid condition or haploid ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
this regulation makes sure that cells do n't divide under unfavorable conditions ( for instance , when their dna is damaged , or when there is n't room for more cells in a tissue or organ ) . cell cycle checkpoints a checkpoint is a stage in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which at which the cell examines internal and ext...
what would be the evolutionary advantages of cell checkpoints ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
if the checkpoint mechanisms detect problems with the dna , the cell cycle is halted , and the cell attempts to either complete dna replication or repair the damaged dna . if the damage is irreparable , the cell may undergo apoptosis , or programmed cell death $ ^2 $ . this self-destruction mechanism ensures that damag...
would a cell undergo apoptosis if it was a single celled organism ?
introduction as cells move through the cell cycle , do they breeze through from one phase to the next ? if they 're cancer cells , the answer might be yes . normal cells , however , move through the cell cycle in a regulated way . they use information about their own internal state and cues from the environment around ...
if the checkpoint mechanisms detect problems with the dna , the cell cycle is halted , and the cell attempts to either complete dna replication or repair the damaged dna . if the damage is irreparable , the cell may undergo apoptosis , or programmed cell death $ ^2 $ . this self-destruction mechanism ensures that damag...
because the only reason i see for a cell to `` kill itself '' is if it was for the greater good for the organism , but how would that be good if itself was the organism ?
key points : a multicellular organism develops from a single cell ( the zygote ) into a collection of many different cell types , organized into tissues and organs . development involves cell division , body axis formation , tissue and organ development , and cell differentiation ( gaining a final cell type identity ) ...
key points : a multicellular organism develops from a single cell ( the zygote ) into a collection of many different cell types , organized into tissues and organs . development involves cell division , body axis formation , tissue and organ development , and cell differentiation ( gaining a final cell type identity ) ...
how a does cell know what function to perform ?
key points unexpected inflation tends to hurt those whose money received—in terms of wages and interest payments—does not rise with inflation . inflation can help those who owe money that can be paid back in less valuable , inflated dollars . low rates of inflation have relatively little economic impact over the short ...
high rates of inflation can muddle price signals in the short term and prevent market forces from operating efficiently . self-check question if inflation rises unexpectedly by 5 % , would a state government that had recently borrowed money to pay for a new highway benefit or lose ? review question identify several par...
does the government really benefit from increased tax returns , because would n't those returns be worth less ?
key points unexpected inflation tends to hurt those whose money received—in terms of wages and interest payments—does not rise with inflation . inflation can help those who owe money that can be paid back in less valuable , inflated dollars . low rates of inflation have relatively little economic impact over the short ...
critical-thinking questions if , over time , wages and salaries on average rise at least as fast as inflation , why do people worry about how inflation affects incomes ? who in an economy is the big winner from inflation ?
who in an economy is the big winner from inflation really ?
key points unexpected inflation tends to hurt those whose money received—in terms of wages and interest payments—does not rise with inflation . inflation can help those who owe money that can be paid back in less valuable , inflated dollars . low rates of inflation have relatively little economic impact over the short ...
an annual inflation rate of 2 % , 3 % , or 4 % , however , is a long way from a national crisis . low inflation is also better than deflation which occurs with severe recessions . second , an argument is sometimes made that moderate inflation may help the economy by making wages in labor markets more flexible .
theoretically would n't deflation potentially be better if it was accompanied by higher efficiency and production and allowed companies to produce more and lower costs , thus allowing them to lower prices and be more competitive in the open market ?
key points : bacterial genes are often found in operons . genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter . each operon contains regulatory dna sequences , which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit transcription . regulatory proteins often bind to small molecule...
for instance , an activator may only become active ( able to bind dna ) when it 's attached to a certain small molecule . operons may be inducible or repressible some operons are usually `` off , '' but can be turned `` on '' by a small molecule . the molecule is called an inducer , and the operon is said to be inducib...
how would the lac and trp operons be affected by a mistake in the system ?
key points : bacterial genes are often found in operons . genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter . each operon contains regulatory dna sequences , which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit transcription . regulatory proteins often bind to small molecule...
the molecule is called an inducer , and the operon is said to be inducible . for example , the lac operon is an inducible operon that encodes enzymes for metabolism of the sugar lactose . it turns on only when the sugar lactose is present ( and other , preferred sugars are absent ) .
more specifically , what would happen to the organism if the operon systems did not run properly due to mutation or other sources of error ?
key points : bacterial genes are often found in operons . genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter . each operon contains regulatory dna sequences , which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit transcription . regulatory proteins often bind to small molecule...
the cell will only use the recipes ( express the genes ) that fit its current needs . how is gene expression regulated ? there are various forms of gene regulation , that is , mechanisms for controlling which genes get expressed and at what levels .
what is the evolutionary advantage of regulation of prokaryotic gene expression ?
key points : bacterial genes are often found in operons . genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter . each operon contains regulatory dna sequences , which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit transcription . regulatory proteins often bind to small molecule...
key points : bacterial genes are often found in operons . genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter .
which of the following discoveries is most crucial to explaining why all organisms share the same genetic code ?
key points : bacterial genes are often found in operons . genes in an operon are transcribed as a group and have a single promoter . each operon contains regulatory dna sequences , which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit transcription . regulatory proteins often bind to small molecule...
operons are common in bacteria , but they are rare in eukaryotes such as humans . in general , an operon will contain genes that function in the same process . for instance , a well-studied operon called the lac operon contains genes that encode proteins involved in uptake and metabolism of a particular sugar , lactose...
is it possible that genes of the same operon up- and down-regulates at the same time ?
while there is no one text or creed that forms the basis of all hindu beliefs , several texts are considered fundamental to all branches of hinduism . these texts are generally divided into two main groups : eternal , revealed texts , and those based upon what humanity has learned and written down . the vedas are an ex...
they are collectively known as tantras or agamas , and refer to religious observances , yoga , behavior , and the proper selection and design of temple sites . some aspects of the tantras concern the harnessing of physical energies as a means to achieve spiritual breakthrough . tantric practices cross religious boundar...
what energies are considered possible to harness in the tantras ?
while there is no one text or creed that forms the basis of all hindu beliefs , several texts are considered fundamental to all branches of hinduism . these texts are generally divided into two main groups : eternal , revealed texts , and those based upon what humanity has learned and written down . the vedas are an ex...
the couple returns to ayodhya and are crowned , and from that point the story has evolved to acquire different endings . episodes of the ramayana are frequently illustrated in hindu art . the puranas the puranas are the primary source of stories about the hindu deities .
why ca n't there be any pages on the history of the tantras and tantric art in india and tibet ?
overview virginian and revolutionary war general george washington became the united states 's first president in 1789 . his actions in office set a precedent for a strong executive branch and a strong central government . the major political questions and conflicts during the 1790s concerned foreign policy , economic ...
newly-minted treasury secretary alexander hamilton proposed a two-part solution : the federal government would assume the states ’ debt and create a national bank . hamilton believed a national bank would help to promote business by printing federally-backed money . there was just one problem : the constitution said no...
was this statement adjusted for inflation or was it this amount of money back in 1789 ?
what is celiac disease ? wheat has been a basic staple of the human diet for around 10,000 years . its success as a food source is largely due to its adaptability to growing conditions in temperate countries , its high yield and nutritional value , and because of gluten , a mixture of proteins contained within the whea...
what is celiac disease ? wheat has been a basic staple of the human diet for around 10,000 years .
what happened if you keep eating wheat after you been diagnosed with celiac disease ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
so a chemical reaction changes wood into fire ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
questions : 1 ) why do you always need two sets of reactants to form chemical reactions ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
an arrow is drawn between the reactants and products to indicate the direction of the chemical reaction , though a chemical reaction is not always a `` one-way street , '' as we 'll explore further in the next section . for example , the reaction for breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } ...
when forming a bond with oxygen come about ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
when a reaction is classified as reversible , it is usually written with paired forward and backward arrows to show it can go both ways . for example , in human blood , excess hydrogen ions ( $ \text h^+ $ ) bind to bicarbonate ions ( $ \text { hco } { 3 } $ $ ^ { - } $ ) , forming carbonic acid ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $...
would n't making the solute smaller decrease the surface area ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
are all hidrogen atoms equal to each other ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
reversibility and equilibrium some chemical reactions simply run in one direction until the reactants are used up . these reactions are said to be irreversible . other reactions , however , are classified as reversible .
so , there are revirsible and irreversible ions and atoms ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
reversible reactions can go in both the forward and backward directions . in a reversible reaction , reactants turn into products , but products also turn back into reactants . in fact , both the forward reaction and its opposite will take place at the same time .
how much energy would be required to make an irreversible reaction go the other way , such as to turn water back into its reactants ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
when we make chemical reaction , is the energy produce will only be in the form of heat or is there any kind of energy that it produce during the chemical reaction takes place ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
how many combinations of chemical reactions are there ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
can radioactive elements set on fire ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products . an arrow is drawn between the reactants and products to indicate the direction of the chemical reaction , though a chemical reaction is not always a `` one-way st...
why does there always have to be two sets of reactments to form a proper chemical reaction ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
reversibility and equilibrium some chemical reactions simply run in one direction until the reactants are used up . these reactions are said to be irreversible . other reactions , however , are classified as reversible . reversible reactions can go in both the forward and backward directions . in a reversible reaction ...
how can we tell which reactions are reversible or irreversible ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
what 's the difference between a chemical bond and a chemical reaction ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
for example , the reaction for breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } { 2 } $ ) into water and oxygen can be written as : $ 2 \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } { 2 } \text { ( hydrogen peroxide ) } $ $ \rightarrow $ $ 2\text { h } { 2 } \text o \text { ( water ) } $ + $ \text { o } { 2 } \...
where are hydrogen and oxygen atoms found as single atoms ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
where do atoms get their energy from ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
how do multiple chemical reactions occur simultaneously ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
when water gets boiled by fire that is an example of a chemical reaction ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
how can i calculate the entropy just by looking at the chemical equations ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
when a reaction is classified as reversible , it is usually written with paired forward and backward arrows to show it can go both ways . for example , in human blood , excess hydrogen ions ( $ \text h^+ $ ) bind to bicarbonate ions ( $ \text { hco } { 3 } $ $ ^ { - } $ ) , forming carbonic acid ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $...
what is hco3 , h+ and h2co3 ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
what is the difference between h2o and o2 ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
reversible reactions can go in both the forward and backward directions . in a reversible reaction , reactants turn into products , but products also turn back into reactants . in fact , both the forward reaction and its opposite will take place at the same time .
i get that the products can be turned into reactants and that after the reactants can be turned into products , but is the reaction that fast that to us it looks like the molecules are being converted one into another at the same time ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
why and how does carbon- 12 become carbom-14 which is radioactive ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
reversible reactions can go in both the forward and backward directions . in a reversible reaction , reactants turn into products , but products also turn back into reactants . in fact , both the forward reaction and its opposite will take place at the same time .
what would be the singular form of reactants , reactor or reactant ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
you can learn more about balancing reactions in the balancing chemical equations tutorial . reversibility and equilibrium some chemical reactions simply run in one direction until the reactants are used up . these reactions are said to be irreversible .
concerning the reversibility and equilibrium paragraph : if i were to introduce salt water to , to a glass of water , would the reactions that occur ( establishing equilibrium ) be in line with the concept of this paragraph ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
so what is the difference between chemical reactions and non-chemical reactions ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
an arrow is drawn between the reactants and products to indicate the direction of the chemical reaction , though a chemical reaction is not always a `` one-way street , '' as we 'll explore further in the next section . for example , the reaction for breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } ...
can this energy be used to break water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen and the hydrogen be used as fuel for cars ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
these numbers are called coefficients , and they tell us how many of each molecule participate in the reaction . they must be included in order to make our equation balanced , meaning that the number of atoms of each element is the same on the two sides of the equation . equations must be balanced to reflect the law of...
why is the equation written 2h2 + o2 ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
if most reactions are actually reversable , how would you reverse co2 ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
how are the charges of radicals determined ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
when a reaction is classified as reversible , it is usually written with paired forward and backward arrows to show it can go both ways . for example , in human blood , excess hydrogen ions ( $ \text h^+ $ ) bind to bicarbonate ions ( $ \text { hco } { 3 } $ $ ^ { - } $ ) , forming carbonic acid ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $...
can somebody tell me what the equation for ( hco3- +3+ < > h2co3 ) would be if carbonic acid would be ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
how do biological chemicals react to acids ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
these reactions are said to be irreversible . other reactions , however , are classified as reversible . reversible reactions can go in both the forward and backward directions . in a reversible reaction , reactants turn into products , but products also turn back into reactants . in fact , both the forward reaction an...
if reversible reactions reach equilibrium , does that mean that the concentration of reactants in the system is equal to the concentration of the products ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
for example , the reaction for breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } { 2 } $ ) into water and oxygen can be written as : $ 2 \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } { 2 } \text { ( hydrogen peroxide ) } $ $ \rightarrow $ $ 2\text { h } { 2 } \text o \text { ( water ) } $ + $ \text { o } { 2 } \...
how does water factor into dehydration synthesis during weight lifting ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
can chemical reactions changes everything ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
an arrow is drawn between the reactants and products to indicate the direction of the chemical reaction , though a chemical reaction is not always a `` one-way street , '' as we 'll explore further in the next section . for example , the reaction for breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } ...
will the collision of an electron and proton produce a lot of energy because of opposite charges annihilating each other and because of the equation'e=mc^2 ' ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
how do you know when a chemical reaction has occurred ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
the third paragraph says that a chemical reaction has occured when `` chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken '' , but are there signs that a chemical reaction happened ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
would an explosion be considered a chemical reaction ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
for example , the reaction for breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ( $ \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } { 2 } $ ) into water and oxygen can be written as : $ 2 \text { h } { 2 } $ $ \text { o } { 2 } \text { ( hydrogen peroxide ) } $ $ \rightarrow $ $ 2\text { h } { 2 } \text o \text { ( water ) } $ + $ \text { o } { 2 } \...
what happen when a non metal react with water ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
how do you know that h2o2 gives h2o and o2 ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in a reversible reaction , reactants turn into products , but products also turn back into reactants . in fact , both the forward reaction and its opposite will take place at the same time . this back and forth continues until a certain relative balance between reactants and products is reached—a state called equilibri...
how do the reactions take place ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
what properties of a chemical equation make it reversible and what properties of a chemical equation make it irreversible ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
is mass conserved in a chemical reaction ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
if the atoms are n't gained ou losed , from where comes the energy released ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms tog...
can an atom be seen using a special kind of microscope ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
what happens to the atom in a chemical reaction ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
is a new one created or is it destroyed ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
these numbers are called coefficients , and they tell us how many of each molecule participate in the reaction . they must be included in order to make our equation balanced , meaning that the number of atoms of each element is the same on the two sides of the equation . equations must be balanced to reflect the law of...
what is the incomplete combustion word equation and balanced equation of acetylene in oxygen ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
how are chemical bonds useful in our daily life ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
in the paragraph chemical reactions , how powerful or strong can a reaction get ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products . an arrow is drawn between the reactants and products to indic...
how long can a reaction last ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
they must be included in order to make our equation balanced , meaning that the number of atoms of each element is the same on the two sides of the equation . equations must be balanced to reflect the law of conservation of matter , which states that no atoms are created or destroyed over the course of a normal chemica...
can atoms be destroyed or created ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
does an atom have a life span ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : just as you can put tinkertoy® wheels together in different ways using different stick connectors , you can also put atoms together in a different ways by forming different sets of chemical bo...
if you had some kind of radioactive explosion or leak , where nulear or atomic waste leak onto the earth or into the air , would the slow decaying of the waste 's radioactivity be a chemical reaction , and would the effects that radioactive waste gives off be chemical ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects .
what does the formulas mean ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
the process of reorganizing atoms by breaking one set of chemical bonds and forming a new set is known as a chemical reaction . chemical reactions chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken . the substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants , and the substanc...
does the mass of a chemical change when heated ?
introduction molecules—like the ones that make up your body—are just collections of atoms held together by chemical bonds . in many ways , they 're a lot like tinkertoy® building projects . in fact , if you take organic chemistry , you ’ ll most likely buy a model set that looks suspiciously similar to tinkertoys® : ju...
this back and forth continues until a certain relative balance between reactants and products is reached—a state called equilibrium . at equilibrium , the forward and backward reactions are still happening , but the relative concentrations of products and reactants no longer change . each reaction has its own character...
why is fire hot and why does it change collar ?
before we get into the discussion of cyclic hemiacetals and hemiacetals , let ’ s just quickly recollect how they are formed . they are formed when an alcohol oxygen atom adds to the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde or a ketone . this happens through the nucleophilic attack of the hydroxyl group at the electrophilic carb...
let ’ s now show the formation of hemiacetal of glucose starting from its open structure ( fischer projection ) . so why doesn ’ t the hydroxyl attached to c-4 react with the carbonyl group ? why does the carbonyl group react with the hydroxyl attached to c-5 ? c-4 hydroxyl attacking the carbonyl group will lead to the...
the article explains the preference of c5 over c4 , but why does n't c6 's hydroxyl group react with the carbonyll ?
before we get into the discussion of cyclic hemiacetals and hemiacetals , let ’ s just quickly recollect how they are formed . they are formed when an alcohol oxygen atom adds to the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde or a ketone . this happens through the nucleophilic attack of the hydroxyl group at the electrophilic carb...
this may not be the case with all the monosaccharides . cyclization of fructose to its hemiketal form now let ’ s change gears and apply the same principles ( as applied to glucose ) to a molecule of fructose . fructose has a ketone group and five hydroxyl groups . so , fructose should also be able to cyclize to form a...
does somebody knows if both structures ( alpha and beta fructose ) are present in the nature ?
how were firearms introduced to japan ? guns were introduced to japan by portuguese adventurers who were shipwrecked near the shore of tanegashima , a small island south of kyushu , in 1543 . matchlock pistols and guns modeled on the imported weapons began to be made in japan and were an important feature of battles du...
how were firearms introduced to japan ? guns were introduced to japan by portuguese adventurers who were shipwrecked near the shore of tanegashima , a small island south of kyushu , in 1543 .
was there any difference in status between a bow and a firearm ?
the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen...
the end of the world y2k . the rapture .
why do we have these `` end of the world '' stories ?