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the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen... | a pilgrimage to santiago de compostela was an expression of christian devotion and it was believed that it could purify the soul and perhaps even produce miraculous healing benefits . a criminal could travel the `` way of saint james '' as an act penance . for the everyday person , a pilgrimage was also one of the only... | are they just remnants of cultures long ago ( the way that current religious holidays correlate strongly with past pagan holidays ) , or perhaps just propagated by individuals who perceive a degradation of morals in their societies and desire divine judgement ? |
the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen... | a large pilgrimage church might be home to one major relic , and dozens of lesser-known relics . because of their sacred and economic value , every church wanted an important relic and a black market boomed with fake and stolen goods . accomodating crowds pilgrimage churches were constructed with some special features ... | or maybe its something more systemic with the age of the society ( or just cyclic , every generation needs their own judgement day ) ? |
the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen... | the end of the world y2k . the rapture . | only god can predict the end of the world , the question is when ? |
the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen... | the end of the world y2k . the rapture . | why would jesus ' return be an end ? |
the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen... | accomodating crowds pilgrimage churches were constructed with some special features to make them particularly accessible to visitors . the goal was to get large numbers of people to the relics and out again without disturbing the mass in the center of the church . a large portal that could accommodate the pious throngs... | can you give me a quote about the many people visiting relics ? |
the end of the world y2k . the rapture . 2012 . for over a decade , speculation about the end of the world has run rampant—all in conjunction with the arrival of the new millennium . the same was true for our religious european counterparts who , prior to the year 1000 , believed the second coming of christ was imminen... | this meant the outer walls of the church had to be extra thick . it also meant that windows had to be small and few . when builders dared to pierce walls with additional or larger windows they risked structural failure . | also , how come you did not mention how relics had healing powers ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | opposite types of charge attract , and like types of charge repel . gravity has only one type : it only attracts , never repels . conductors and insulators conductors are made of atoms whose outer , or valence , electrons have relatively weak bonds to their nuclei , as shown in this fanciful image of a copper atom . | if gravity never cause a repulsion force then what is anti gravity ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | if you hear , `` the current across ... '' , it should sound odd . voltage to get our initial toehold on the concept of voltage , let 's look at an analogy : voltage resembles gravity for a mass $ m $ , a change of height $ h $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = mg\delta h $ . for a charged part... | can someone please explain voltage ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | for electrons , we can guide electrons using wires and make them flow through electronic components —circuit design— and do interesting things along the way . we can express the voltage between two points mathematically as the change of energy experienced by a charge : $ v = \dfrac { \delta u } { q } $ that 's an intui... | is voltage expressed as v or v ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | current is the rate of flow of charge , and voltage measures the energy transferred per unit of charge . we can insert these definitions into the equation for power : $ \text { power } = \dfrac { \text du } { \text dt } = \dfrac { \text du } { \text dq } \cdot \dfrac { \text dq } { \text dt } = v \ , i $ electrical pow... | why is it written as v under `` voltage resembles gravity , '' but v in the equation v= ( du/dq ) ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | this is a very old historical convention . can current be carried by positive charges ? yes . | what 's the difference between charges and electron/proton ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | if water is a poor conductor of electricity , why do we get electrocuted if we stand in water and electricity is introduced ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | why is i the symbol for current ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | are current and amps the same thing ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | is amperage the measure of current ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | for both the ball and the electron , the trip down the hill happens spontaneously . the ball and electron move towards a lower energy state all by themselves . on the trip down , there can be things in the way of the ball , like trees or bears to bounce off . | i am still confused about voltage , i ca n't understand why the eletron moves towards a lower energy state ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the source of this force has been given the name charge . a very noticeable thing about electric force is that it is large , far greater than the force of gravity . unlike gravity , however , there are two types of electric charge . | is electric force a vector quantity or a scalar quantity ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | unlike gravity , however , there are two types of electric charge . opposite types of charge attract , and like types of charge repel . gravity has only one type : it only attracts , never repels . | if like charges repel , why do n't the electrons flowing around a circuit repel each other and flow in opposite directions ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | we can insert these definitions into the equation for power : $ \text { power } = \dfrac { \text du } { \text dt } = \dfrac { \text du } { \text dq } \cdot \dfrac { \text dq } { \text dt } = v \ , i $ electrical power is the product of voltage times current . in units of watts . summary these mental models for current ... | what is 960 watts in coulombs ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . | why do we feel electrical shock when we touch ac source ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | what is the speed of current ? we do n't talk very often about the speed of current . answering the question , `` how fast is the current flowing ? '' | why do n't we feel while touching a dc ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | table salt is sodium chloride , nacl . the salt dissolves in water , into free-floating na $ ^+ $ and cl $ ^- $ ions . both ions respond to electric force and move through the saltwater solution , in opposite directions . | since it is a measure of potential , can voltage be thought of the diameter of a water hose and the charge as the amount of water flowing through it ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | station yourself near the boundary and count the number of charges passing by . report how much charge passed through the boundary in one second . we assign a positive sign to current corresponding to the direction a positive charge would be moving . | of charge moving in one meter ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | unlike gravity , however , there are two types of electric charge . opposite types of charge attract , and like types of charge repel . gravity has only one type : it only attracts , never repels . | what is the need of storing charge ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | can someone describe voltage and current with some different examples ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | for a charged particle $ q $ , a voltage $ v $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = qv $ . voltage in an electric circuit is analogous to the product of $ g\cdot \delta h $ . where $ g $ is the acceleration due to gravity and $ \delta h $ is the change of height . | what is the role of battery/ voltage source in a circuit ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | when discussing current , terms like through and in make a lot of sense . current flows through a resistor ; current flows in a wire . if you hear , `` the current across ... '' , it should sound odd . | if current is the amount of charge passing by in an arbitrary amount of time and not necessarily the speed of the electrons , does that mean that a thicker wire would have a higher current than a thinner wire , even if the electrons were travelling at the same speed , because the thicker wire has more electrons per cro... |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | when discussing current , terms like through and in make a lot of sense . current flows through a resistor ; current flows in a wire . if you hear , `` the current across ... '' , it should sound odd . | when electrons passes through the resistor they losses 30 volt electrical potential energy , which means they have now 0 volts , so why we get current or shock then ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | they usually act like insulators , but we can make them act like conductors under certain circumstances . the most well-known semiconductor material is silicon ( atomic number $ 14 $ ) . our ability to finely control the insulating and conducting properties of silicon allows us to create modern marvels like computers a... | does the number of valence electrons directly correlate with the conductivity of the material ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | station yourself near the boundary and count the number of charges passing by . report how much charge passed through the boundary in one second . we assign a positive sign to current corresponding to the direction a positive charge would be moving . | why we need at least one resistor to complete circuit ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . | are power and voltage the same thing ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the positive nuclei in metal atoms are fixed in place and do not contribute to current . even though electrons have a negative charge and do almost all the work in most electric circuits , we still define a positive current as the direction a positive charge would move . this is a very old historical convention . | is there a reason why proton 's charge is called positive and electron 's charge is called negative ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | current is the rate of flow of charge , and voltage measures the energy transferred per unit of charge . we can insert these definitions into the equation for power : $ \text { power } = \dfrac { \text du } { \text dt } = \dfrac { \text du } { \text dq } \cdot \dfrac { \text dq } { \text dt } = v \ , i $ electrical pow... | question : in i=dq/dt , what does the i , q , & t mean ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | in this case , the current is composed of moving atoms , both positive and negative ions , not just loose electrons . inside our bodies , electrical currents are moving ions , both positive and negative . the same definition of current works : count the number of charges passing by in a fixed amount of time . | what is inside these resistors ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | why it is difficult to measure the rate of change of current ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | these forces come from electric and magnetic fields , which in turn come from the position and motion of other charges . what is the speed of current ? we do n't talk very often about the speed of current . | about the topic discussed above `` what is the speed of current ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | requires understanding of a complex physical phenomenon and is not often relevant . current usually is n't about meters per second , it 's about charge per second . more often , we answer the question `` how much current is flowing ? '' | `` , if current is charge per second , ca n't we know , given a certain distance ( d ) of wire and seeing how long a certain amount of charge takes to move that distance calculate the velocity of each individual charge ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | this is a very old historical convention . can current be carried by positive charges ? yes . | ( velocity=d/t ) also if we ca n't do that , could we assume that currents with higher values , where more charges pass a single section in each sec , have current moving faster through them ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | table salt is sodium chloride , nacl . the salt dissolves in water , into free-floating na $ ^+ $ and cl $ ^- $ ions . both ions respond to electric force and move through the saltwater solution , in opposite directions . | if we are talking about saltwater ( with dissolved na+ ions , cl- ions ) , do the ions flow through the wire to the terminals of the battery ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | is there anything wrong with exchanging `` charge flows in a current '' into `` electrons flow in a current '' ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | i know that current is a flow of electrons , but what makes them actually flow from atom to atom ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | in the formulas of current and power , what does the `` d '' represent ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . | if power changes , then how are voltage and current affected by it and by how much ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | unlike gravity , however , there are two types of electric charge . opposite types of charge attract , and like types of charge repel . gravity has only one type : it only attracts , never repels . | it does n't repel but fails to attract ( thank god ) creating a weird harmony , does electricity have a similar effect ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | in units of watts . summary these mental models for current and voltage will get us started on all sorts of interesting electric circuits . if you want to reach beyond this intuitive description of voltage you can read this more formal mathematical description of electric potential and voltage . | what is the difference between 'voltage ' and 'electric potential ' ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | an electron at the top of a voltage `` hill '' travels `` downhill '' through wires and elements of a circuit . it gives up its potential energy , doing work along the way . when the electron is halfway down the hill , it has given up , or `` dropped '' , half of its potential energy . | as well as , what is the difference between 'potential difference ' and 'electric potential ' ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | what is exact definition of current is it flow of electron ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . | how can i draw a chart with voltage , resistance and power ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | why does current flow the opposite direction of the flow of electrons ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | whould n't current flow be the same direction as the electrons ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | inside our bodies , electrical currents are moving ions , both positive and negative . the same definition of current works : count the number of charges passing by in a fixed amount of time . what causes current ? | how does an alternator works ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | this is a very old historical convention . can current be carried by positive charges ? yes . | what is the positive charges ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | summary these mental models for current and voltage will get us started on all sorts of interesting electric circuits . if you want to reach beyond this intuitive description of voltage you can read this more formal mathematical description of electric potential and voltage . | is there any difference between voltage and potential difference ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | glass , plastic , stone , and air are insulators . even for insulators , though , electric force can always be turned up high enough to rip electrons away—this is called breakdown . that 's what is happening to air molecules when you see a spark . | why ammeter is always connected in series and voltmeter is always connected parellely ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | what is the difference between rheostat and variable resistance ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | both ions respond to electric force and move through the saltwater solution , in opposite directions . in this case , the current is composed of moving atoms , both positive and negative ions , not just loose electrons . inside our bodies , electrical currents are moving ions , both positive and negative . | why in the case of refraction , when incident ray falls on the normal it deflects back at 0degree ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | if you hear , `` the current across ... '' , it should sound odd . voltage to get our initial toehold on the concept of voltage , let 's look at an analogy : voltage resembles gravity for a mass $ m $ , a change of height $ h $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = mg\delta h $ . for a charged part... | how does voltage affect the gravity of an object which have potential energy ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | what causes current ? charged objects move in response to electric and magnetic forces . these forces come from electric and magnetic fields , which in turn come from the position and motion of other charges . | and how would you know the differences between different objects ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | it gives up its potential energy , doing work along the way . when the electron is halfway down the hill , it has given up , or `` dropped '' , half of its potential energy . for both the ball and the electron , the trip down the hill happens spontaneously . | if there is nothing in the circuit ( shortcut ) , will the electron still lose half of its potential energy when halfway ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | both ions respond to electric force and move through the saltwater solution , in opposite directions . in this case , the current is composed of moving atoms , both positive and negative ions , not just loose electrons . inside our bodies , electrical currents are moving ions , both positive and negative . | so , current does n't only consist of electrons , but also positive , and negative ions , right ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | what does d mean in the formulas ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | so is saltwater . there are also poor conductors . tungsten—a metal used for light bulb filaments—and carbon—used in graphite form in pencils—are relatively poor conductors because their electrons are less prone to move . | why graphite is a poor conductor ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | what does the d mean ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | when an electric force is applied , the electron clouds around the atom stretch and deform in response to the force , but the electrons do not depart . glass , plastic , stone , and air are insulators . even for insulators , though , electric force can always be turned up high enough to rip electrons away—this is calle... | do insulators attract to magnets ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | modest electric forces are not able to pull these electrons free . when an electric force is applied , the electron clouds around the atom stretch and deform in response to the force , but the electrons do not depart . glass , plastic , stone , and air are insulators . | this is just a more general question , but when electrons jump from atom to atom as described in the second section , what happens to the atom that loses an electron ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | what do your variables in the equations represent ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | insulators are materials whose outer electrons are tightly bound to their nuclei . modest electric forces are not able to pull these electrons free . when an electric force is applied , the electron clouds around the atom stretch and deform in response to the force , but the electrons do not depart . | do heat conduction and electricity conduction ruled by the same mechanics ( the free movement of electrons ) ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | a very small electric force can make the electron swarm move . copper , gold , silver , and aluminum are good conductors . so is saltwater . | and why are copper and silver the good conductors for electricity conduction as well as for heat conduction ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | for a charged particle $ q $ , a voltage $ v $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = qv $ . voltage in an electric circuit is analogous to the product of $ g\cdot \delta h $ . where $ g $ is the acceleration due to gravity and $ \delta h $ is the change of height . | is it possible to have a circuit in which the p.d across the terminals of a battery in the circuit is zero ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | copper , gold , silver , and aluminum are good conductors . so is saltwater . there are also poor conductors . | how is saltwater a conducter ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage to get our initial toehold on the concept of voltage , let 's look at an analogy : voltage resembles gravity for a mass $ m $ , a change of height $ h $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = mg\delta h $ . for a charged particle $ q $ , a voltage $ v $ corresponds to a change in potential e... | if 'u ' is potential energy , 'q ' is charge , and 't ' is time what is 'd ' ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | there are lots of examples . current is carried by both positive and negative charges in saltwater : if we put ordinary table salt in water , it becomes a good conductor . table salt is sodium chloride , nacl . | is the sun a good conductor of energy ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | for a charged particle $ q $ , a voltage $ v $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = qv $ . voltage in an electric circuit is analogous to the product of $ g\cdot \delta h $ . where $ g $ is the acceleration due to gravity and $ \delta h $ is the change of height . | what is a series and parallel circuit ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | a ball at the top of the hill rolls down . when it is halfway down , it has given up half of its potential energy . an electron at the top of a voltage `` hill '' travels `` downhill '' through wires and elements of a circuit . it gives up its potential energy , doing work along the way . when the electron is halfway d... | when an electron travels through a wire due to voltage , does the electrical potential energy also turns into kinetic energy ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the positive nuclei in metal atoms are fixed in place and do not contribute to current . even though electrons have a negative charge and do almost all the work in most electric circuits , we still define a positive current as the direction a positive charge would move . this is a very old historical convention . | and if it does , when the electrons move through an empty wire and arrive back at the positive end of the battery , does it heat up the battery ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | the details of semiconductor operation are governed by our understanding of quantum mechanics . current current is the flow of charge . charge flows in a current . | hey , why electric current is a flow ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | this is a very old historical convention . can current be carried by positive charges ? yes . | what is common between fluids and charges ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | if you hear , `` the current across ... '' , it should sound odd . voltage to get our initial toehold on the concept of voltage , let 's look at an analogy : voltage resembles gravity for a mass $ m $ , a change of height $ h $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = mg\delta h $ . for a charged part... | what is the actual meaning of voltage ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | semiconductor materials fall between insulators and conductors . they usually act like insulators , but we can make them act like conductors under certain circumstances . the most well-known semiconductor material is silicon ( atomic number $ 14 $ ) . | can certain currents actually stop at a certain length ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | insulators are materials whose outer electrons are tightly bound to their nuclei . modest electric forces are not able to pull these electrons free . when an electric force is applied , the electron clouds around the atom stretch and deform in response to the force , but the electrons do not depart . | i read somewhere that ionosphere has a high concentration of ions and free electrons.so what will happen if a man somehow is dropped in that region and is stuck ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | if you hear , `` the current across ... '' , it should sound odd . voltage to get our initial toehold on the concept of voltage , let 's look at an analogy : voltage resembles gravity for a mass $ m $ , a change of height $ h $ corresponds to a change in potential energy , $ \delta u = mg\delta h $ . for a charged part... | how much voltage can a computer have ? |
voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . we will also talk about power , which is what happens when voltage and current act together . charge the concept of electricity arises from an observation of nature . we obser... | voltage and current are the cornerstone concepts in electricity . we will create our first mental models for these basic electrical quantities . | so if a car is electricity , then its speed is current , fuel is voltage and friction is resistance ? |
in david 's neo-classical era , still life was considered the least important subject type . only minor artists bothered with what was then seen as the most purely decorative and trivial of painting subjects . the hierarchy of subjects went roughly from the most important—historical and religious themes ( often very la... | but is it a full description of the the experience of human sight ? cézanne 's still life suggests that it is not . if a renaissance painter set out to render cézanne 's still life objects ( not that they would , mind you ) , that artist would have placed himself in a specific point before the table and taken great pai... | how life - like is the scene ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bacteria carrying the plasmid are selected using antibiotics . bacteria with the correct plasmid are used to make more plasmid dna o... | do the bacteria ever make mistakes in the replication process ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | methods like restriction enzyme digestion and pcr are commonly used to check the plasmids . 3 . protein production once we have found a bacterial colony with the right plasmid , we can grow a large culture of plasmid-bearing bacteria . | in section 3 on protein production it says humans and bacteria share the same genetic code ... how on earth is that possible ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | gene therapy . in some genetic disorders , patients lack the functional form of a particular gene . gene therapy attempts to provide a normal copy of the gene to the cells of a patient ’ s body . | and do we share that genetic code with other organisms as well ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | bacteria without a plasmid will die , while bacteria carrying a plasmid can live and reproduce . each surviving bacterium will give rise to a small , dot-like group , or colony , of identical bacteria that all carry the same plasmid . not all colonies will necessarily contain the right plasmid . | are identical twins also clones ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . | what is meant by totipotency and pleuripotency ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | instead , we must collect dna from several colonies and see whether each one contain the right plasmid . methods like restriction enzyme digestion and pcr are commonly used to check the plasmids . 3 . | why plasmids can replicate independantly of the chromosomes ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | during transformation , specially prepared bacterial cells are given a shock ( such as high temperature ) that encourages them to take up foreign dna . a plasmid typically contains an antibiotic resistance gene , which allows bacteria to survive in the presence of a specific antibiotic . thus , bacteria that took up th... | if we place a bacteria containing rdna and another with the normal plasmid in an antibiotic medium , what will happen ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | for instance , the human insulin gene is expressed in e. coli bacteria to make insulin used by diabetics . steps of dna cloning dna cloning is used for many purposes . as an example , let 's see how dna cloning can be used to synthesize a protein ( such as human insulin ) in bacteria . | in `` steps of dna cloning '' step 2 , how can a plasmid be transformed into bacteria ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | this process relies on restriction enzymes ( which cut dna ) and dna ligase ( which joins dna ) . transform the plasmid into bacteria . use antibiotic selection to identify the bacteria that took up the plasmid . | should n't it be `` insert the plasmid into bacteria '' ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | for instance , the human insulin gene is expressed in e. coli bacteria to make insulin used by diabetics . steps of dna cloning dna cloning is used for many purposes . as an example , let 's see how dna cloning can be used to synthesize a protein ( such as human insulin ) in bacteria . | is there any example of how dna cloning affect the environment ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | this process relies on restriction enzymes ( which cut dna ) and dna ligase ( which joins dna ) . transform the plasmid into bacteria . use antibiotic selection to identify the bacteria that took up the plasmid . | hey , is it possible to cut something out of the bacteria before you add ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | the basic steps are : cut open the plasmid and `` paste '' in the gene . this process relies on restriction enzymes ( which cut dna ) and dna ligase ( which joins dna ) . transform the plasmid into bacteria . use antibiotic selection to identify the bacteria that took up the plasmid . | maybe change the bacteria 's color by cutting out the existing color dna and putting a new color strand in the plasmid ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | for instance , the human insulin gene is expressed in e. coli bacteria to make insulin used by diabetics . steps of dna cloning dna cloning is used for many purposes . as an example , let 's see how dna cloning can be used to synthesize a protein ( such as human insulin ) in bacteria . | what are some of the biochemical techniques that can be used to purify a target protein after dna cloning and transformation ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | bacterial transformation and selection plasmids and other dna can be introduced into bacteria , such as the harmless e. coli used in labs , in a process called transformation . during transformation , specially prepared bacterial cells are given a shock ( such as high temperature ) that encourages them to take up forei... | if prepared bacterial cells were given a cold shock instead of a heat shock , would transformation occur ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | bacterial transformation and selection plasmids and other dna can be introduced into bacteria , such as the harmless e. coli used in labs , in a process called transformation . during transformation , specially prepared bacterial cells are given a shock ( such as high temperature ) that encourages them to take up forei... | the reason why only some cells take the plasmids is because they have different permeability or is it something else ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | the basic steps are : cut open the plasmid and `` paste '' in the gene . this process relies on restriction enzymes ( which cut dna ) and dna ligase ( which joins dna ) . transform the plasmid into bacteria . use antibiotic selection to identify the bacteria that took up the plasmid . | do the plasmid used to carry the dna fragment to the bacteria come from human cells ? |
key points : dna cloning is a molecular biology technique that makes many identical copies of a piece of dna , such as a gene . in a typical cloning experiment , a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of dna called a plasmid . the plasmid is introduced into bacteria via process called transformation , and bact... | the purified protein can be used for experiments or , in the case of insulin , administered to patients . uses of dna cloning dna molecules built through cloning techniques are used for many purposes in molecular biology . a short list of examples includes : biopharmaceuticals . | there are the uses of dna cloning , but what are some of the disadvantages that come with this process ? |
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