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you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
why is anything ( except maybe 0 ) to the 0 power 1 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
can you do exponents with division ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
do exponents go along with scientific notation ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
can there be a number to the infinity power ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
can you put exponents on negative numbers ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
so 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) is going to be equal to multiplying 4 5 's together . so 5^4 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 . notice , we have [ counting : 1 , 2 , 3 ] 4 5 's .
so 5times 3 is 5+5+5=15 and then just add different types of numbers or a specific number ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
so this would be equal to , not 2 + 2 + 2 , but 2 × ... ( and i ’ ll use a little dot to signify multiplication . ) ... 2 × 2 × 2 . well , what 's 2 × 2 × 2 ?
near is that some sort of boat/train ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
what if the base is zero ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what if the exponent is 0 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what if you wanted to know if you are squaring the number or using an exponent ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 . ) so 2 to the 3rd power is equal to 8 . ( 2^3 = 8 . )
what is the definition of an exponent and i see that we use exponents in scientific notation but they say it is a power ( ten to the power 8 ) is exponents and powers the same ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
if there is a negative number for the exponent then what do you do ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
if taking an exponent is manly multiplucation , what else is there to it ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
anyone know what the largest power determined by a computer is ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
how can we multiply if the power is negative ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
is there a way to make it less complicated when you have a big exponent ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what is the importance of the base and the exponent ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what is , say , 5 to the – let 's say – 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) ? and what you 'll see here is this number is going to get large very , very , very fast . so 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) is going to be equal to multiplying 4 5 's together .
would you need an advanced math computer to calculate a really large number , such as 16^1008 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what if the exponent is 0 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
so , what would i do with a negative power that makes a ridiculously huge ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
so this would be equal to , not 2 + 2 + 2 , but 2 × ... ( and i ’ ll use a little dot to signify multiplication . ) ... 2 × 2 × 2 . well , what 's 2 × 2 × 2 ?
how on earth did sal get to 625 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what is , say , 5 to the – let 's say – 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) ? and what you 'll see here is this number is going to get large very , very , very fast . so 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) is going to be equal to multiplying 4 5 's together .
what is a base number ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
so 2 to the 3rd power is equal to 8 . ( 2^3 = 8 . ) let 's try a few more examples here .
an exponet can have any number right not just 12 and below because2*8 would be 2 times 8 and eveyone knows its 16 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
so let 's multiply 3 – ( let me do that in yellow . ) let 's multiply 3 × 3 . so this is going to be equal to 9 .
is there a other way to multiply a exponents in different ways ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
when using an exponent , what if the result is a too big of a number ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
# yolo : d what is a variable and why is it important ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
how do you sknow love for exponents containing x ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what do you do when you have 10a and an exponent ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
how do you do the following : four times 5 to the power of 2 over four to the power of one times fives ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
why is anything to the 0th power 1 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
we are not adding them . this is not 5 × 4 . this is not 20 .
if the sum of two numbers is 150 and if the larger number is 4 times the smaller number , what are those numbers ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
and what you 'll see here is this number is going to get large very , very , very fast . so 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) is going to be equal to multiplying 4 5 's together . so 5^4 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 .
is 4 to the power of 0 equal to 4 or 0 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
why is everything to the 1st power that number ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
so 5^4 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 . notice , we have [ counting : 1 , 2 , 3 ] 4 5 's . and we are multiplying them .
for example , why is x^1=x ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
how do you tell the difference between order of magnitude and exponents ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what if the exponent is big and is very hard to figure out ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
why is anything to the 0th power 1 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( 2^3 . ) so you might be tempted to say , `` hey , maybe this is 2 × 3 , which would be 6 . '' but remember , i just said this is repeated multiplication .
would n't be 0 because anything times 0 is 0 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
how high can the exponent be ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
why do we need the exponent 0 ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( so let me write this down in the appropriate colors . ) so 2 to the 3rd power . ( 2^3 . )
what is 0 to the 0 power ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
( 2^3 . ) so you might be tempted to say , `` hey , maybe this is 2 × 3 , which would be 6 . '' but remember , i just said this is repeated multiplication .
if a number has no exponent would it be equivalent to a zero or would that not be possible ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
well 5 × 5 is 25 . ( 5 × 5 = 25 . ) 25 × 5 is 125 .
we multipy 25 times 5 then 5 again ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
is it possible to have a fraction as a exponent ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what is , say , 5 to the – let 's say – 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) ? and what you 'll see here is this number is going to get large very , very , very fast . so 5 to the 4th power ( 5^4 ) is going to be equal to multiplying 4 5 's together .
when teachers see an exponent do they get it confused to ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together .
what is that noisy sound ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
what happens if the exponent is infinity ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . ' and it sounds very fancy .
0 to the exponent of zero ?
you already know that we can view multiplication as repeated addition . so , if we had 2 times 3 ( 2 × 3 ) , we could literally view this as 3 2 's being added together . so it could be 2 + 2 + 2 . notice this is [ counting : 1 , 2 ] 3 2 's . and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to intro...
and when you add those 2 's together , you get 6 . what we 're going to introduce you to in this video is the idea of repeated multiplication – a new operation that really can be viewed as repeated multiplication . and that 's the operation of taking an 'exponent . '
what if i does n't show a multiplication sign ?
a pool table is 1 meter by 2 meters . so this is 1 meter -- let me label that -- so this distance right over here is 1 meter . this distance right over here is 2 meters . that 's 2 meters right over there . there are 6 pockets total , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 4 in the corners and 2 at the midpoints of each of the 2-mete...
so if they 're mirror images , this angle is going to be congruent to that angle . if those two angles are congruent , then this angle , which is complementary to that black angle , must be equal to this angle . each of these are going to be 90 degrees minus that black angle right over there .
is n't there one angle formed between the two rays that mark the ball 's travel ?
a pool table is 1 meter by 2 meters . so this is 1 meter -- let me label that -- so this distance right over here is 1 meter . this distance right over here is 2 meters . that 's 2 meters right over there . there are 6 pockets total , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 4 in the corners and 2 at the midpoints of each of the 2-mete...
if two corresponding angles of two different triangles are congruent , then the triangles are going to be similar . so this top triangle is similar to this bottom triangle . and what that helps us is that means that the ratio of the lengths of corresponding parts of those triangles are going to be the same .
what if the side of the smaller mirrored triangle was not an integer but a fraction ?
a pool table is 1 meter by 2 meters . so this is 1 meter -- let me label that -- so this distance right over here is 1 meter . this distance right over here is 2 meters . that 's 2 meters right over there . there are 6 pockets total , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 4 in the corners and 2 at the midpoints of each of the 2-mete...
so if they 're mirror images , this angle is going to be congruent to that angle . if those two angles are congruent , then this angle , which is complementary to that black angle , must be equal to this angle . each of these are going to be 90 degrees minus that black angle right over there .
how do we know that they are complementary to the black angle ?
a pool table is 1 meter by 2 meters . so this is 1 meter -- let me label that -- so this distance right over here is 1 meter . this distance right over here is 2 meters . that 's 2 meters right over there . there are 6 pockets total , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 4 in the corners and 2 at the midpoints of each of the 2-mete...
well , we definitely know the length of this segment right over here . we know that the pockets are 1 meter apart , so that is 1 meter . and we also know the length of this segment right over here .
how are the angles complementary to each other ?
a pool table is 1 meter by 2 meters . so this is 1 meter -- let me label that -- so this distance right over here is 1 meter . this distance right over here is 2 meters . that 's 2 meters right over there . there are 6 pockets total , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 4 in the corners and 2 at the midpoints of each of the 2-mete...
well , if you have two angles , they both have a 90 degree angle , and they both have this green angle , so that means that the third angle must also be the same . if you know two angles , you know what the third angle has to be . if two corresponding angles of two different triangles are congruent , then the triangles...
how do you know that mirror line is perpendicular to the rectangle ?
a pool table is 1 meter by 2 meters . so this is 1 meter -- let me label that -- so this distance right over here is 1 meter . this distance right over here is 2 meters . that 's 2 meters right over there . there are 6 pockets total , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 4 in the corners and 2 at the midpoints of each of the 2-mete...
well , if you have two angles , they both have a 90 degree angle , and they both have this green angle , so that means that the third angle must also be the same . if you know two angles , you know what the third angle has to be . if two corresponding angles of two different triangles are congruent , then the triangles...
how do we know that the mirror line 6 forms a right angle with side e ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
and so you can imagine that water has a higher temperature at which it starts to boil than ethanol and that is indeed the case . water 's boiling point is exactly 100° celsius , in fact , water 's boiling point was an important data point for even establishing the celsius scale , so by definition , it 's 100° celsius ,...
what is the difference between heat of vaporisation and boiling point ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
i found slightly different numbers , depending on which resource i looked at but what i found for water , the heat of vaporization is 2260 joules per gram or instead of using joules , remember joules is a unit of energy it could be a unit of heat , instead of joules if you wan na think of it in terms of calories , that...
would n't ethanol catch on fire when exposed to high level of heat , since it is used very often as a fire starter ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
when we talk about the temperature of a system , we 're really just talking about the average kinetic energy . each molecule , remember they 're all bouncing around in all different ways , this one might have , for example , a much higher kinetic energy than this one . they 're all moving in different directions , this...
so is it also the amount needed to raise one gram of water one thousand degrees celsius ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
when we talk about the temperature of a system , we 're really just talking about the average kinetic energy . each molecule , remember they 're all bouncing around in all different ways , this one might have , for example , a much higher kinetic energy than this one . they 're all moving in different directions , this...
or the amount needed to raise one thousand grams of water by one degree celsius ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
because there 's more hydrogen bonds here to break , than here , you can imagine it would take , on average , more heat to vaporize this thing than to vaporize this thing and that is indeed the case . the term for how much heat do you need to vaporize a certain mass of a substance , you can imagine , is called the heat...
how does the heat of vaporization impact the effectiveness of evaporative cooling ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
which one is going to be easier to vaporize or which one is going to have more of it 's molecules turning into vapor , or i guess you could say turning into vapor more easily ? well you immediately see that they both have hydrogen bonds , you have this hydrogen bond between the partially negative end and the partial po...
on ethanol , why would n't the carbon change have a partial positive charge in comparison to the oxygen ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
in that case , it is going to turn into its gaseous state . the hydrogen bonds are gon na break apart , and it 's gon na be so far from any of its sibling molecules , i guess you could say , from the other ethanol molecules that it wo n't be able to form new hydrogen bonds . same thing with this one , once it vaporizes...
why is hardest to vaporize molecules with hidrogen bonds ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
you can put a heat lamp on top of them or you could just put them outside where they 're experiencing the same atmospheric conditions , the same sun 's rays and see what 's the difference -- how much more energy , how much more time does it take for the water to evaporate than the ethanol . there 's a similar idea here...
as the atmospheric pressure changes , do the heat of vaporization and boiling point as well ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
because there 's more hydrogen bonds here to break , than here , you can imagine it would take , on average , more heat to vaporize this thing than to vaporize this thing and that is indeed the case . the term for how much heat do you need to vaporize a certain mass of a substance , you can imagine , is called the heat...
what is heat of vaporization ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
there 's a similar idea here which is boiling point . we 've all boiled things , boiling point is the point at which the vapor pressure from the substance has become equal to and starts to overcome the pressure from just a regular atmospheric pressure . and so you can imagine that water has a higher temperature at whic...
what is `` vapor pressure '' ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
and so you can imagine that water has a higher temperature at which it starts to boil than ethanol and that is indeed the case . water 's boiling point is exactly 100° celsius , in fact , water 's boiling point was an important data point for even establishing the celsius scale , so by definition , it 's 100° celsius ,...
why is water 's boiling point a key point for creating the measurement celcious ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
in that case , it is going to turn into its gaseous state . the hydrogen bonds are gon na break apart , and it 's gon na be so far from any of its sibling molecules , i guess you could say , from the other ethanol molecules that it wo n't be able to form new hydrogen bonds . same thing with this one , once it vaporizes...
can ions form hydrogen bonds ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
the same thing for ethanol . the heat of vaporization for ethanol is , based on what i looked up , is 841 joules per gram or if we wan na write them as calories , 201 calories per gram which means it would require , roughly , 201 calories to evaporate , to fully vaporize a gram of ethanol at standard temperature , keep...
how does that end up being 541 calories to arrive at vaporization ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
i found slightly different numbers , depending on which resource i looked at but what i found for water , the heat of vaporization is 2260 joules per gram or instead of using joules , remember joules is a unit of energy it could be a unit of heat , instead of joules if you wan na think of it in terms of calories , that...
so when we boil the water is that the reason why hot air comes out of the boiler ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
in that case , it is going to turn into its gaseous state . the hydrogen bonds are gon na break apart , and it 's gon na be so far from any of its sibling molecules , i guess you could say , from the other ethanol molecules that it wo n't be able to form new hydrogen bonds . same thing with this one , once it vaporizes...
can a vaporized molecule form hydrogen bonds in the air ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
for example , if water evaporates , can it interact with the water vapor already present in air and form hydrogen bonds ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
in that case , it is going to turn into its gaseous state . the hydrogen bonds are gon na break apart , and it 's gon na be so far from any of its sibling molecules , i guess you could say , from the other ethanol molecules that it wo n't be able to form new hydrogen bonds . same thing with this one , once it vaporizes...
in a mixture of ethanol and water , would the two types of molecules remain separate from each other like they are in the picture or ( since they both use hydrogen bonds ) would water molecules and ethanol molecules be bonded together ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
and so you can imagine that water has a higher temperature at which it starts to boil than ethanol and that is indeed the case . water 's boiling point is exactly 100° celsius , in fact , water 's boiling point was an important data point for even establishing the celsius scale , so by definition , it 's 100° celsius ,...
so if i heat up an alchoholic drink to 80 celsius for a while , it will no longer be alchoholic ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
this is ethanol , which is the primary constituent in the alcohol that people drink , it 's also an additive into car fuel , but what i wan na think about here , is if we assume that both of these are in their liquid state and let 's say they 're hanging out in a cup and we 're just at sea level so it 's just a standar...
did sal say 0 which one is easier to vaporize ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
so you have this imbalance here and then on top of that , this carbon , you have a lot more atoms here in which to distribute a partial charge . there could be a very weak partial charge distributed here amongst the carbons but you have a stronger partial charge on the hydrogen but it 's not gon na be strong as what yo...
why are c2h5 molecules weak partial charge ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
in that case , it is going to turn into its gaseous state . the hydrogen bonds are gon na break apart , and it 's gon na be so far from any of its sibling molecules , i guess you could say , from the other ethanol molecules that it wo n't be able to form new hydrogen bonds . same thing with this one , once it vaporizes...
and what do c2h5 contribute to the charges of the ethnol molecules ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
i found slightly different numbers , depending on which resource i looked at but what i found for water , the heat of vaporization is 2260 joules per gram or instead of using joules , remember joules is a unit of energy it could be a unit of heat , instead of joules if you wan na think of it in terms of calories , that...
but why are there more water molecules than ethanol ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
before i even talk about breaking things free and these molecules turning into vapors entering their gas state , let 's just think about how that happens . when we talk about the temperature of a system , we 're really just talking about the average kinetic energy . each molecule , remember they 're all bouncing around...
how does the water loose kinetic energy ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
i found slightly different numbers , depending on which resource i looked at but what i found for water , the heat of vaporization is 2260 joules per gram or instead of using joules , remember joules is a unit of energy it could be a unit of heat , instead of joules if you wan na think of it in terms of calories , that...
why does everything need to be confusing for figuring out for heat of vaporization of water and ethanal ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
i found slightly different numbers , depending on which resource i looked at but what i found for water , the heat of vaporization is 2260 joules per gram or instead of using joules , remember joules is a unit of energy it could be a unit of heat , instead of joules if you wan na think of it in terms of calories , that...
i have a question in my mind , why the water evaporate , why does not it just move faster in every direction ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
the heat of vaporization for ethanol -- let me make this clear this right over here is water , that 's for water . the same thing for ethanol . the heat of vaporization for ethanol is , based on what i looked up , is 841 joules per gram or if we wan na write them as calories , 201 calories per gram which means it would...
is ethanol a liquid or a solid ?
so we have two different substances here and just for the sake of an argument , let 's assume that they are in their liquid state . well you probably already recognize this substance right here , each molecule has one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms , this is water and we have drawn all neat hydrogen bonds right ov...
in that case , it is going to turn into its gaseous state . the hydrogen bonds are gon na break apart , and it 's gon na be so far from any of its sibling molecules , i guess you could say , from the other ethanol molecules that it wo n't be able to form new hydrogen bonds . same thing with this one , once it vaporizes...
if we had a universe with only two molecules of water in it , and then we changed molecules positions to the others position , we would have a universe different from the original universe ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ?
how do we transform from a recursive sequence to explicit ones and vice versa ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we can just think about it like this .
is there a quicker way to find the nth term in the sequence ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
well , we do n't know what a-sub-4 is just yet , so let 's try to figure that out . so we could say that a-sub-4 is equal to , well if we use the second line again , it 's going to be a-sub-3 , minus 2 . we still do n't know what a-sub-3 is .
for what purpose a recursive formula could be useful ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ?
so what part of life does a sequence problem come into play ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
i 'll keep switching colors 'cause it looks nice . a-sub-3 is going to be equal to a-sub-3 minus 1 , so a-sub-2 minus 2 . we still do n't know what a-sub-2 is , and so , we could write , a-sub-2 is equal to a-sub-2 minus 1 , so that 's a-sub-1 minus 2 .
what does `` sub i '' mean ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
well , we can just think about it like this . a-sub-20 , we just use this definition of the ith term . everywhere we see an i , we would put a 20 in , so it 's going to be 4 plus 3 times 20 minus 1 , so once again , just to be clear , a-sub-20 , where instead of a-sub-i , wherever we saw an i , we put a 20 , and now we...
can you also replace the letters or do u always have to use ai ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
a-sub-3 is going to be equal to a-sub-3 minus 1 , so a-sub-2 minus 2 . we still do n't know what a-sub-2 is , and so , we could write , a-sub-2 is equal to a-sub-2 minus 1 , so that 's a-sub-1 minus 2 . now , luckily we know what a-sub-1 is .
for a1= -7 a5= a4 - 2 could n't you just do -2 * 4 and then put in the equation a5 = a1 - 8 or does that just happen to be a coincidence in this problem ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
let 's do another one of these . and here , they 've told us the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula a-sub-1 , they gave us the first term , and they say , every other term , so a-sub-i , they 're defining it in terms of the previous terms , so a-sub-i is going to be a-sub-i minus 1 minus 2 , so this ...
does the sub always have to be an i , in arithmetic sequence symbol ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
we still do n't know what a-sub-2 is , and so , we could write , a-sub-2 is equal to a-sub-2 minus 1 , so that 's a-sub-1 minus 2 . now , luckily we know what a-sub-1 is . a-sub-1 is negative 7 . a-sub-1 is negative 7 , so if this is negative 7 , then a-sub-2 is negative 7 minus 2 , which is equal to negative 9 .
in math , should the sequences start from 1 or from 0 like in programming , or there is no difference and i can use always 1 or 0 ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
we still do n't know what a-sub-2 is , and so , we could write , a-sub-2 is equal to a-sub-2 minus 1 , so that 's a-sub-1 minus 2 . now , luckily we know what a-sub-1 is . a-sub-1 is negative 7 .
how do you know if the sequence is a recursive or explicit ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
a-sub-1 is negative 7 . a-sub-1 is negative 7 , so if this is negative 7 , then a-sub-2 is negative 7 minus 2 , which is equal to negative 9 . well that starts helping us out because if a-sub-2 is negative 9 , if this is negative 9 , then a-sub-3 is negative 9 minus 2 , which is equal to negative 11 .
7 , ca n't you just use the formula a1= -7 to find what a4 is ?
all right , we 're told that the arithmetic sequence a-sub-i is defined by the formula where the ith term in the sequence is going to be 4 plus 3 times i minus 1 . what is a-sub-20 ? and so a-sub-20 is the 20th term in the sequence and i encourage you to pause the video and figure out what is the 20th term ? well , we...
i 'll keep switching colors 'cause it looks nice . a-sub-3 is going to be equal to a-sub-3 minus 1 , so a-sub-2 minus 2 . we still do n't know what a-sub-2 is , and so , we could write , a-sub-2 is equal to a-sub-2 minus 1 , so that 's a-sub-1 minus 2 .
what does `` a '' sub `` i '' mean ?
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . ...
and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them .
i suppose that the waste removal is not the focus here , but a byproduct of the kidneys main focus which would be fluid balance in the body ?
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . ...
they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . and renal is just another word referring to kidneys , and we 've got renal veins with blood flowing back out of them . so once the blood is headed back to the heart , we call it a renal vein . and there are two of them .
are renal arteries carrying oxygenated blood ?
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . ...
and then it gets into kind of a long deep loop , long loop like that . and this loop is called the loop of henle . so you 're seeing now part three is loop of henle .
at 5min - the loop of henle - is there anything specific about the `` thick part '' of the loop of henle ?
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . ...
and that 's with all of the blood coming together . so this little network is considered -- this little network of capillaries , then , is considered , right here , the peritubular , going around the tubule , tubular capillaries . and that makes sense .
the capillaries in the nephron - are these `` fenestration '' capillaries ?
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . ...
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are .
what do the tubules actually look like ?
i 'm going to draw for you two of the most important organs in our body . and actually , on the left and right side of our body , they pretty much look like that , like little kidney beans . and in fact , that 's what they are . they 're kidneys . and so we have some arteries , the renal arteries that flow into them . ...
so that 's bowman 's capsule , and that 's the first part of the nephron . i 'll actually show you all the parts of the nephron . so the next part of the nephron -- and nephron just means kind of the unit of the kidney that we care about . the next part is looking really squiggly , very convoluted .
how much fluid can a nephron process in a minute ?