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aarau (, ) is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the northern swiss canton of aargau. the town is also the capital of the district of aarau. it is german-speaking and predominantly protestant. aarau is situated on the swiss plateau, in the valley of the aare, on the river's right bank, and at the southern foot ... |
aargau ( , ), more formally the canton of aargau (; ; ; ), is one of the 26 cantons forming the swiss confederation. it is composed of eleven districts and its capital is aarau. aargau is one of the most northerly cantons of switzerland. it is situated by the lower course of the aare river, which is why the canton is c... |
aba may refer to: animals aba roundleaf bat gymnarchus (or aba), an electric fish people clans aba (family), in hungary aba people, in russia in arts and entertainment aba bayefsky, canadian artist and teacher aba cercato, italian television presenter vilmos aba-novák, a hungarian painter rulers aba, ruler of olba samu... |
the ababda ( or ) are an arab or beja tribe in eastern egypt and sudan. historically, most were bedouins living in the area between the nile and the red sea, with some settling along the trade route linking korosko with abu hamad. numerous traveler accounts from the nineteenth century report that some ababda at that ti... |
the american quarter horse, or quarter horse, is an american breed of horse that excels at sprinting short distances. its name is derived from its ability to outrun other horse breeds in races of a quarter mile or less; some have been clocked at speeds up to 44 mph (70.8 km/h). the development of the quarter horse trac... |
abacá (spanish) ( ; ), musa textilis, is a species of banana native to the philippines. the plant grows to , and averages about . the plant, also known as manila hemp, has great economic importance, being harvested for its fiber, also called manila hemp, extracted from the leaf-stems. the lustrous fiber is traditionall... |
the hebrew term abaddon ( ’ăḇaddōn, meaning "destruction", "doom"), and its greek equivalent apollyon (, apollúōn meaning "destroyer") appear in the bible as both a place of destruction and an angel of the abyss. in the hebrew bible, abaddon is used with reference to a bottomless pit, often appearing alongside the plac... |
abadeh (, also romanized as ābādeh) is a city in the central district of abadeh county, fars province, iran, serving as both capital of the district and of the county. at the 2006 national census, its population was 52,042 in 14,184 households. the following census in 2011 counted 55,758 people in 16,546 households. th... |
abae (, ) was an ancient town in the northeastern corner of ancient phocis, in greece, near the frontiers of the opuntian locrians, said to have been built by the argive abas, son of lynceus and hypermnestra, and grandson of danaus. this bit of legend suggests an origin or at least an existence in the bronze age. its p... |
abakan (; khakas: , ağban, or , abaxan) is the capital city of khakassia, russia, located in the central part of the minusinsk depression, at the confluence of the yenisei and abakan rivers. as of the 2010 census, it had a population of 165,214—a slight increase over 165,197 recorded during the 2002 census and a furthe... |
the arc de triomphe de l'étoile (, , ; ) is one of the most famous monuments in paris, france, standing at the western end of the champs-élysées at the centre of place charles de gaulle, formerly named place de l'étoile—the étoile or "star" of the juncture formed by its twelve radiating avenues. the location of the arc... |
events pre-1600 753 bc – romulus founds rome (traditional date). 43 bc – battle of mutina: mark antony is again defeated in battle by aulus hirtius, who is killed. antony fails to capture mutina and decimus brutus is murdered shortly after. 900 – the laguna copperplate inscription (the earliest known written document f... |
atm or atm often refers to: atmosphere (unit) or atm, a unit of atmospheric pressure automated teller machine, a cash dispenser or cash machine atm or atm may also refer to: computing atm (computer), a zx spectrum clone developed in moscow in 1991 adobe type manager, a computer program for managing fonts accelerated tu... |
amazonite, also known as amazonstone, is a green tectosilicate mineral, a variety of the potassium feldspar called microcline. its chemical formula is kalsi3o8, which is polymorphic to orthoclase. its name is taken from that of the amazon river, from which green stones were formerly obtained, though it is unknown wheth... |
ambrosius bosschaert the elder (18 january 1573 – 1621) was a flemish-born dutch still life painter and art dealer. he is recognised as one of the earliest painters who created floral still lifes as an independent genre. he founded a dynasty of painters who continued his style of floral and fruit painting and turned mi... |
anthroposophy is a spiritual movement which was founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist rudolf steiner that postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world, accessible to human experience. followers of anthroposophy aim to engage in spiritual discovery through a mode... |
the aurochs (bos primigenius) ( or ) is an extinct cattle species, considered to be the wild ancestor of modern domestic cattle. with a shoulder height of up to in bulls and in cows, it was one of the largest herbivores in the holocene; it had massive elongated and broad horns that reached in length. the aurochs was pa... |
asynchronous transfer mode (atm) is a telecommunications standard defined by the american national standards institute and itu-t (formerly ccitt) for digital transmission of multiple types of traffic. atm was developed to meet the needs of the broadband integrated services digital network as defined in the late 1980s, ... |
the anus (: anuses or ani; from latin, 'ring' or 'circle') is an opening at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. its function is to control the expulsion of feces, the residual semi-solid waste that remains after food digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, includes: matter which t... |
appendix (: appendices) may refer to: in documents addendum, an addition made to a document by its author after its initial printing or publication bibliography, a systematic list of books and other works index (publishing), a list of words or phrases with pointers to where related material can be found in a document a... |
the acantharea (acantharia) are a group of radiolarian protozoa, distinguished mainly by their strontium sulfate skeletons. acantharians are heterotrophic marine microplankton that range in size from about 200 microns in diameter up to several millimeters. some acantharians have photosynthetic endosymbionts and hence a... |
the african national congress (anc) is a social-democratic political party in south africa. a liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election resulted in nelson mandela being elected as president of south africa. cyril ramaphosa, ... |
amphetamine (contracted from alpha-methylphenethylamine) is a central nervous system (cns) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd), narcolepsy, and obesity. amphetamine was discovered as a chemical in 1887 by lazăr edeleanu, and then as a drug in the late 1920s. it exi... |
in telecommunications, asynchronous communication is transmission of data, generally without the use of an external clock signal, where data can be transmitted intermittently rather than in a steady stream. any timing required to recover data from the communication symbols is encoded within the symbols. the most signif... |
artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and led to heavy, fairly immobile siege engines. as technology improved, lighter... |
arnulf of carinthia ( 850 – 8 december 899) was the duke of carinthia who overthrew his uncle emperor charles the fat to become the carolingian king of east francia from 887, the disputed king of italy from 894 and the disputed emperor from february 22, 896, until his death at regensburg, bavaria. early life illegitima... |
() () is a large public square and transport hub in the central mitte district of berlin. the square is named after the russian tsar alexander i, which also denotes the larger neighbourhood stretching from in the north-east to and the in the south-west. is reputedly the most visited area of berlin, beating friedrichstr... |
the asian development bank (adb) is a regional development bank established on 19 december 1966, which is headquartered in 6 adb avenue, mandaluyong, metro manila 1550, philippines. the bank also maintains 31 field offices around the world to promote social and economic development in asia. the bank admits the members ... |
aswan (, also ; ; ) is a city in southern egypt, and is the capital of the aswan governorate. aswan is a busy market and tourist centre located just north of the aswan dam on the east bank of the nile at the first cataract. the modern city has expanded and includes the formerly separate community on the island of eleph... |
adelaide of italy (; 931 – 16 december 999 ad), also called adelaide of burgundy, was holy roman empress by marriage to emperor otto the great. she was crowned with him by pope john xii in rome on 2 february 962. she was the first empress designated consors regni, denoting a "co-bearer of royalty" who shared power with... |
the airbus a300 is airbus' first production aircraft and the world's first twin-engine, double-aisle (wide-body) airliner, developed and manufactured by airbus from 1971–2007. in september 1967, aircraft manufacturers in the united kingdom, france, and west germany signed an initial memorandum of understanding to colla... |
agostino carracci (or caracci; 16 august 1557 – 22 march 1602) was an italian painter, printmaker, tapestry designer, and art teacher. he was, together with his brother, annibale carracci, and cousin, ludovico carracci, one of the founders of the accademia degli incamminati (academy of the progressives) in bologna. thi... |
adenylate cyclase (ec 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated ac) is an enzyme with systematic name atp diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-amp-forming). it catalyzes the following reaction: atp = 3′,5′-cyclic amp + diphosphate it has key regulatory roles in essentially a... |
alexandra () is the feminine form of the given name alexander (, ). etymologically, the name is a compound of the greek verb (; meaning 'to defend') and (; gen , ; meaning 'man'). thus it may be roughly translated as "defender of man" or "protector of man". the name alexandra was one of the epithets given to the greek ... |
articolo 31 is a band from milan, italy, formed in 1990 by j-ax and dj jad, combining hip hop, funk, pop and traditional italian musical forms. they are one of the most popular italian hip hop groups. band history articolo 31 were formed by rapper j-ax (real name alessandro aleotti) and dj jad (vito luca perrini). in t... |
alexander fyodorovich kerensky ( – 11 june 1970) was a russian lawyer and revolutionary who led the russian provisional government and the short-lived russian republic for three months from late july to early november 1917. after the february revolution of 1917, he joined the newly formed provisional government, first ... |
ansgar (8 september 801 – 3 february 865), also known as anskar, saint ansgar, saint anschar or oscar, was archbishop of hamburg-bremen in the northern part of the kingdom of the east franks. ansgar became known as the "apostle of the north" because of his travels and the see of hamburg received the missionary mandate ... |
automated theorem proving (also known as atp or automated deduction) is a subfield of automated reasoning and mathematical logic dealing with proving mathematical theorems by computer programs. automated reasoning over mathematical proof was a major impetus for the development of computer science. logical foundations w... |
agent orange is a chemical herbicide and defoliant, one of the tactical use rainbow herbicides. it was used by the u.s. military as part of its herbicidal warfare program, operation ranch hand, during the vietnam war from 1961 to 1971. it is a mixture of equal parts of two herbicides, 2,4,5-t and 2,4-d. in addition to ... |
astronomical year numbering is based on ad/ce year numbering, but follows normal decimal integer numbering more strictly. thus, it has a year 0; the years before that are designated with negative numbers and the years after that are designated with positive numbers. astronomers use the julian calendar for years before ... |
adam of bremen (; ; before 1050 – 12 october 1081/1085) was a german medieval chronicler. he lived and worked in the second half of the eleventh century. adam is most famous for his chronicle gesta hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum (deeds of bishops of the hamburg church). he was "one of the foremost historians and e... |
ab urbe condita (; 'from the founding of the city'), or (; 'in the year since the city's founding'), abbreviated as auc or avc, expresses a date in years since 753 bc, the traditional founding of rome. it is an expression used in antiquity and by classical historians to refer to a given year in ancient rome. in referen... |
arapaoa island (formerly spelled arapawa island) is the second-largest island in the marlborough sounds, at the north-east tip of the south island of new zealand. the island has a land area of . queen charlotte sound defines its western side, while to the south lies tory channel, which is on the sea route between welli... |
administrative law is a division of law governing the activities of executive branch agencies of government. administrative law includes executive branch rule making (executive branch rules are generally referred to as "regulations"), adjudication, and the enforcement of laws. administrative law is considered a branch ... |
arthur phillip (11 october 1738 – 31 august 1814) was a british royal navy officer who served as the first governor of the colony of new south wales. phillip was educated at greenwich hospital school from june 1751 until december 1753. he then became an apprentice on the whaling ship fortune. with the outbreak of the s... |
events pre-1600 428 – nestorius becomes the patriarch of constantinople. 837 – halley's comet makes its closest approach to earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 au (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). 1407 – deshin shekpa, 5th karmapa lama visits the ming dynasty capital at nanjing and is awarded the title "great... |
angus (; ) is one of the 32 local government council areas of scotland, a registration county and a lieutenancy area. the council area borders aberdeenshire, dundee city and perth and kinross. main industries include agriculture and fishing. global pharmaceuticals company gsk has a significant presence in montrose in t... |
andré rené roussimoff (; 19 may 1946 – 28 january 1993), better known by his ring name andré the giant, was a french professional wrestler and actor. known as "the eighth wonder of the world," roussimoff was known for his great size, which was a result of gigantism caused by excess growth hormones. beginning his career... |
adrastea (), also known as , is the second by distance, and the smallest of the four inner moons of jupiter. it was discovered in photographs taken by voyager 2 in 1979, making it the first natural satellite to be discovered from images taken by an interplanetary spacecraft, rather than through a telescope. it was offi... |
amalthea may refer to: amalthea (mythology), the foster-mother of zeus in greek mythology amalthea (moon), a moon of jupiter mv amalthea, a cargo ship 113 amalthea, a main-belt asteroid amalthea cellars, a winery in new jersey, united states cumaean sibyl or amalthea, a priestess presiding over the apollonian oracle at... |
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