title stringlengths 0 1.13k | abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k | PMID int64 22 36.5M |
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Clinical and sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency among rural pre-school children of Maharashtra, India. | Although a national vitamin A prophylaxis programme has been in operation for more than three decades, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) continues to be a major nutritional problem of public health significance in India. The present study was carried out with the aim of assessing the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical VA... | 18,958,633 |
Trichloroethylene Does Not Accelerate Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice. | Pre-existing or contributing risk factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental influences, are largely thought to play a crucial (though ill-elucidated) role in the development of autoimmunity. Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a widely used organic solvent, which has been suspected of increasing the prevalence... | 18,958,647 |
2,3,7,8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) Directly Enhances the Maturation and Apoptosis of Dendritic Cells In Vitro. | 2,3,7,8 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suppresses adaptive immune responses and modulates the function of numerous cells involved in these responses. Our laboratory has shown that dendritic cells (DCs), which are important for the initiation of T-cell-dependent immunity, from TCDD-exposed mice exhibited reduced cel... | 18,958,649 |
Detection of Allergen-Specific IgE Antibody Responses. | Allergen-specific IgE production is the central event in the pathogenesis of atopic disorders and increases in specific IgE serum antibodies are an indicator of immediate hypersensitivity responses in humans and in animal models of allergy. Consequently, accurate and user-friendly methods are needed to measure serum le... | 18,958,652 |
Effect of methanol intoxication on rat neutrophil functions. | Methanol (MeOH) toxicity, a potential problem from accidental, intentional, as well as occupational and daily ingestion of the agent, receives attention only after severe signs of intoxication have set in or death is imminent. While accidental and intentional exposures involve high doses, the occupational and ingestion... | 18,958,665 |
Screening new drugs for immunotoxic potential: III. assessment of the effects of selective and nonselective COX-2 inhibitors on T-cell-dependent antibody and natural killer cell responses in the rat. | Results from earlier experiments in our laboratories revealed that both selective and non-selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 possess little potential for decreasing in vitro phagocytosis by rat macrophages or canine neutrophils, and no potential for decreasing in vivo phagocytosis by the intact murine immune syst... | 18,958,669 |
Preclinical immunogenicity testing for recombinant therapeutic proteins. | The assessment of the immunogenicity of recombinant therapeutic proteins (RTPs) has received more attention in the past 4 years than in the previous 20 years. The induction of clinically adverse events in RTP-treated patients and the subsequent measurement of antibodies to those RTPs has challenged the scientific commu... | 18,958,675 |
A systematic analysis of the effect of corn, wheat, and poultry dusts on interleukin-8 production by human respiratory epithelial cells. | The objective of this study was to determine the inflammatory response initiated by various organic dusts by measuring in vitro interleukin-8 (I-8) production from transformed respiratory epithelial cells after dust exposure. To accomplish this objective, the following specific tasks were performed: 1) dust samples wer... | 18,958,683 |
The Relationship Between Noncoplanar PCB-Induced Immunotoxicity and Hepatic CYP1A Induction in a Fish Model. | Abundant literature exists demonstrating the immunomodulating effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). To date, most of the research has focused on dioxin-like coplanar PCB congeners because of their high affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cytochrome P450-inducing capability. For this study, the i... | 18,958,684 |
Development and Validation of a Quasi-Quantitative Bioassay for Neutralizing Antibodies Against CP-870,893. | The human monoclonal antibody CP-870,893 is a CD40 receptor agonist currently being developed for the treatment of cancer. A bioassay to measure neutralizing antibodies (Nab) to CP-870,893 in 5% human serum matrix was developed and validated utilizing the Daudi cell line and flow cytometric detection. Additionally, sam... | 18,958,696 |
Mechanisms of Signal Transduction from Receptors of Type I and Type II Cytokines. | Cytokines play pivotal roles in regulation of immune responses. Signaling proteins involved in cytokine signal transduction pathways can be potential targets of toxins causing aberrant immune responses. Binding of cytokines to their specific receptors induces activation of signal transduction pathways. In this review, ... | 18,958,714 |
Changes in gene expression induced by tienilic Acid and sulfamethoxazole: testing the danger hypothesis. | Tienilic acid (TA) was withdrawn due to idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. Two hypotheses for the mechanisms of idiosyncratic reactions are the hapten and danger hypotheses, which are not mutually exclusive. Both human CYP 2C9 and rat CYP 2C11 metabolize TA to a reactive metabolite that was reported to bind exclusively to t... | 18,958,736 |
Reproductive health information for young women in Kazakhstan: disparities in access by channel. | This study explores young women's reliance on reproductive and sexual health information channels, examining the relationship between information sources and reproductive health knowledge. Utilizing 1995 and 1999 Kazakhstan Demographic and Health Surveys, we investigate access to reproductive health knowledge among you... | 18,958,780 |
[Immune monitoring in SIRS and sepsis based on the PIRO model]. | Sepsis is a life-threatening disease characterized by a complex interaction between pathogens and the immune system. The analysis of immune parameters in patients with sepsis or at risk for sepsis may help to identify predisposing factors and infection-specific reaction patterns, as well as to monitor the current funct... | 18,958,829 |
Echo-rich and echo-poor periportal cuffing: pole position for inflammatory bowel diseases. | To determine the prevalence of echo-rich and echo-poor periportal cuffing in patients from a German tertiary referral hospital and correlate ultrasonographic findings with clinical data. From April 2002 till April 2008 about 10 500 abdominal examinations were performed by a single physician in our interdisciplinary ult... | 18,958,833 |
Insulin therapy in acute coronary syndromes: an appraisal of completed and ongoing randomised trials with important clinical end points. | Insulin therapy was first proposed as an adjunctive therapy in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the 1960s. Since then, numerous randomised clinical trials have been conducted to determine the efficacy and to define the role of insulin therapy in ACS. This review will discuss: 1) completed trials of insul... | 18,958,837 |
Implications of abnormal glucose metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease. | Abnormal glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are becoming increasingly common. It has been recently confirmed that the period of time prior to the development of diabetes, when patients have impaired glucose tolerance, may also predispose them to increased cardiovascular risk. Therefore prevention an... | 18,958,838 |
Dielectric cell separation of fine needle aspirates from tumor xenografts. | As an approach to isolating tumor cells from fine needle biopsy specimens, we investigated a dielectric cell preparation method using an in vivo xenographic tumor model. Cultured human MDA-MB-435 tumor cells were grown as solid tumors in nude mice and fine needle aspiration biopsies were conducted. Biopsied cells were ... | 18,958,846 |
Nanoparticle formulations in pulmonary drug delivery. | The advent of nanotechnology has reignited interest in the lungs as a major route of drug delivery for both systemic and local treatments. The large surface area of the lungs and the minimal barriers impeding access to the lung periphery make this organ a suitable portal for a variety of therapeutic interventions. Nano... | 18,958,847 |
Fabrication of skeletal muscle constructs by topographic activation of cell alignment. | Skeletal muscle fiber construction for tissue-engineered grafts requires assembly of unidirectionally aligned juxtaposed myotubes. To construct such a tissue, a polymer microchip with linearly aligned microgrooves was fabricated that could direct myoblast adaptation under stringent conditions. The closely spaced microg... | 18,958,861 |
IL-4 inhibits VLA-4 expression on Tc1 cells resulting in poor tumor infiltration and reduced therapy benefit. | We and others have previously demonstrated that IL-4-dependent Tc2 are inferior to Tc1-effector CD8+ T cells in regulating tumor progression in vivo. This functional disparity relates, in part, to the comparatively poor ability of Tc2 to migrate into diseased tissues. We now show that IL-4 treatment of committed Tc1 ce... | 18,958,887 |
Risk perception, risk management and vulnerability to landslides in the hill slopes in the city of La Paz, Bolivia. A preliminary statement. | The article begins by describing the difficult living conditions of many people in the hill slopes (laderas) of La Paz, Bolivia, demonstrating that they are exposed to a combination of natural and social hazards. It shows that residents, community leaders and city planners tend to underestimate or deny risk, with impor... | 18,958,908 |
Prophylactic intratubal injection of methotrexate after linear salpingostomy for prevention of persistent ectopic pregnancy. | To examine the efficacy of local methotrexate (MTX) administration following linear salpingostomy for tubal pregnancy in the prevention of persistent ectopic pregnancy (PEP). Patients who underwent a laparoscopic linear salpingostomy between January 1996 and December 2006 were enrolled in the study. Patients who were a... | 18,958,931 |
[Neurological and psychiatric disorders in primary hyperparathyroidism: the role of parathyroidectomy]. | The clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), previously constantly characterized by bone and renal diseases, has been changing during last years. Several Studies report psychic and behavioural symptoms mostly vague and aspecific, particular in elderly patients, such as asthenia, anxiety, depression,... | 18,958,962 |
A self-determination theory perspective on the role of autonomy in solitary behavior. | People are often seen as social creatures and, consequently, solitary behaviors are often cast in a negative light. However, the authors hypothesized that the act of spending time alone is not necessarily related to negative outcomes; rather, individuals' motivation for doing so plays a key role. On the basis of self-d... | 18,958,983 |
[Cytological observation of anther abortion and starch distribution of a cytoplasm male sterile pepper (Capsicum annum L.)]. | A cytoplasm male sterile pepper (Capsicum annum L.) was examined using cytochemical method to study its pollen abortion. Thick sections of both anthers of male sterility line 8214A and its maintainer 8214B at different stages were stained using Periodic Acid-Schiff's (PAS) reaction to detect starch distribution. Anther... | 18,959,002 |
[The role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore in transmembrane Ca2+-exchange in mitochondria]. | Ca2+-uptake accompanied with mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening is studied in rat liver mitochondria. In conditions of MPTP opening, as well as in conditions of MPTP blockage by cyclosporine A (CsA), Ca2+-uptake in mitochondria is counterbalanced by proton efflux into incubation medium. Independe... | 18,959,026 |
[Influence of different sources of carbon and nitrogen on the biosynthesis of proteolytic complexes by Bacillus circulans 693, Bacillus sp. 27 and Yarrowia lipolytica 2061 strains]. | The influence of different factors on the biosynthesis of extracellular proteolytic complexes by strains-producers Bacillus circulans 693, Bacillus sp. 27 and Yarrowia lipolytica 2061 at submerged cultivation has been investigated. It has been shown that ammonium hydrocarbonate and gelatin with glucose were optimum car... | 18,959,038 |
[Peculiarities of tricarboxylic acid cycle in the myocardium of adult and old rats in the case of immobilization stress]. | Indices showing Krebs cycle functioning in the hearts of adult and old rats subjected to 30-minutes immobilization were studied in order to find out the causes of age-related increase of heart sensitivity to stress. The studies have shown that compensatory changes of energy metabolism promoting limitation of stress-ind... | 18,959,040 |
[Today's tests of vestibular function]. | New tests of the vestibular function have been developed. They should help to explain some clinical situations. The paper describes 3 tests today used routinely in most centers, with a special emphasis on the sign of Halmagyi, or head impulse test. It is designed to detect deficits of the semicircular canal function in... | 18,959,075 |
[Evaluation of the pediatric airway]. | Obstruction is the most common manifestation of airway pathology by children. The practitioner may be confronted to this relatively frequent problem. The pathology spectrum is very wide, and includes congenital malformations, infections, traumas, and tumours. The most frequent etiology of congenital upper airway obstru... | 18,959,076 |
The emergency room--analysis and evaluation of an organizational model. | The purpose of the emergency room is to treat critically ill patients and to prevent cardiac arrest in patients presenting with signs of physiological instability. This study has two main aims: 1) to describe the organizational model of the emergency room of Hospital Pedro Hispano based on 'chain of survival' principle... | 18,959,087 |
Construction of recombinant adenovirus co-expression vector carrying the human transforming growth factor-beta1 and vascular endothelial growth factor genes and its effect on anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts. | Remodeling of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft usually takes longer than expected. Gene therapy offers a radical different approach to remodeling of the graft. In this study, the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) sequence was used to construct a new recombinant adenovirus which permits co-expression of tran... | 18,959,121 |
[Chronic suppurative inflammation of the middle ear in children]. | Chronic suppurative inflammation of the middle ear (HGO) in children represents one of the most frequent infections in childhood, even in children from developed industrial countries. We can distinguish two types of chronic suppurative inflammation: first--HGO without cholesteatoma and second HGO with cholesteatoma. Th... | 18,959,168 |
Two new species of Perichaena (Myxomycetes) from arid areas of Russia and Kazakhstan. | Two new myxomycete species from dry steppe and desert communities of the Caspian Lowland (Russia) and central Kazakhstan are described and illustrated. They are placed tentatively within genus Perichaena, which does include species with a reduced capillitium and single-layered peridium. Both species were found repeated... | 18,959,166 |
[Score system--potential uses and application in the assessment of results in Colles' fractures]. | Colles'fractures are the most common fractures of the human skeleton, especially in winter and in menopausal women. The objective of the paper was to provide an overview of the potential uses of the Gartland-Werley (G-W) scoring system, that is, of its elements (residual deformities, subjective discomfort, objective di... | 18,959,174 |
[The foreign particles injection induces stable hyaline cells differentiation in the hemolymph of the blowfly Calliphora vicina larvae]. | The stable hyaline cells (thrombocytoids precursors) are prevailing haemocytes type in young larvae of Calliphora vicina. Their concentration decreased significantly during the crop emptying and became completely absent in wandering larvae. However, the injection of foreign particles into the haemocoel induced evident ... | 18,959,187 |
[Activity of error-prone DNA polymerase iota in different periods of house mouse Mus musculus ontogeny]. | Analysis of incorrect activity of error-prone DNA polymerase iota in M. musculus ontogeny demonstrated considerable changes in its activity, which peaks in most organs during prenatal development and decreases in the adult body. We propose that the capacity of error-prone DNA polymerases to synthesize on damaged DNA re... | 18,959,202 |
The relation between perceived parent-created sport climate and competitive male youth hockey players' good and poor sport behaviors. | The authors examined achievement goal orientation (J. L. Duda & J. G. Nicholls, 1992), parental influence (M. L. Babkes & M. R. Weiss, 1999), and the parent-initiated motivational climate (S. A. White, 1996, 1998) in combination to broaden understanding of competitive male youth hockey players' (N = 259) percep... | 18,959,221 |
[Effect of hypoxia on the content and stoichiometry of cytochromes in muscle of the gray mullet Liza aurata]. | The maintenance of the gray mullet Liza aurata under conditions of hypoxia (P(O2) 55-82 GPa) for 1-2 days led to a decrease of oxygen pressure in arterial blood by 47%, while in venous blood--by 28%. The mean muscle oxygen pressure decreased by 19.2%. The number of hypoxic and anoxic zones in muscle tissue decreased si... | 18,959,214 |
[Recent advances in the detection of human erythropoietin and human growth hormone doping]. | In the World Anti-doping Agency 2008 Prohibited List, the prohibited substances of S2 item are hormones and related substances, which are belonging to the endogenous biomacromolecules. How to identify the substances derived from endogenous secretion or exogenous administration is the main problem in doping control anal... | 18,959,238 |
[Screening, quantification and confirmation of beta-blockers in urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]. | A method was developed to perform the screening, quantification and confirmation of the five beta-blockers, propranolol, carteolol, bisoprolol, esmolol, and sotalol, in human urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In sample preparation, conjugated and unconjugated beta-blockers in urine were extracte... | 18,959,242 |
[Determination of three anabolic steroids by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry]. | A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) was developed to screen and determine trenbolone, tetrahydrogestrinone and gestrinone in human urine. The urine sample was enzymatically hydrolyzed with beta-glucuronidase, then extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether. Chromat... | 18,959,243 |
[Distribution determination of nitrogen compounds in catalytic diesel oil using gas chromatography]. | The method for the separation and determination of nitrogen compounds in catalytic diesel oil using gas chromatography-nitrogen chemiluminescence detection (GC-NCD) was established. The effects of the flow rate of carrier gas and oven temperature on the resolution were studied. More than 80 nitrogen compounds (such as ... | 18,959,246 |
[Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in buckwheat using pressurized liquid extraction and gas chromatography]. | Seven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in buckwheat were extracted by a homemade 24 cells auto-pressurized liquid extraction instrument (APLE) and then analyzed by gas chromatography with electronic capture detection. The optimal extraction condition was found to be 100 degrees C and 10 MPa for 5 min with acetone/n-hex... | 18,959,247 |
[Determination of 11 fatty acids and fatty acids methyl esters in biodiesel using ultra performance liquid chromatography]. | A method for the determination of 11 familiar components in biodiesel was developed using ultra performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector (UPLC-ELSD). These components were oleic acid, methyl cis-9-octadecenoate, linoleic acid, methyl linoleate, stearic acid, methyl octadecanoate, met... | 18,959,249 |
[Determination of quinoxyfen residue in foodstuffs of plant and animal origins by high performance liquid chromatography]. | A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of quinoxyfen residue in various food matrixes including soybean, cauliflower, cherry, mushroom, wine, tea, honey, pork liver, chicken and eel. The analyte was extracted by ethyl acetate, and then purified with aminopropyl ... | 18,959,250 |
[Management of inverted papilloma in frontal sinus]. | To introduce the experience of management of inverted papilloma in frontal sinus in hospital. Six patients with inverted papilloma in frontal sinus treated between 1999 and 2006 were reported, with special emphasis on the clinical symptoms, surgical technique and prognosis. Among 6 patients with frontal sinus involveme... | 18,959,262 |
Palliative care nurse consultants in Melbourne: a snapshot of their clinical role. | The current role of the palliative care nurse consultant (PCNC) is as diverse as the organisations in which such nurses work. This study reports on Phase 2 of a larger study in Melbourne, Australia, which focused particularly on describing some of the clinical aspects of the work of the PCNC in the acute hospital setti... | 18,959,284 |
Habitat-quality effects on metapopulation dynamics in greater white-toothed shrews, Crocidura russula. | The effects of patch size and isolation on metapopulation dynamics have received wide empirical support and theoretical formalization. By contrast, the effects of patch quality seem largely underinvestigated, partly due to technical difficulties in properly assessing quality. Here we combine habitat-quality modeling wi... | 18,959,315 |
Impact of host community composition on Lyme disease risk. | The drivers of variable disease risk in complex multi-host disease systems have proved very difficult to identify. Here we test a model that explains the entomological risk of Lyme disease (LD) in terms of host community composition. The model was parameterized in a continuous forest tract at the Cary Institute of Ecos... | 18,959,321 |
Dalteparin vs low-dose unfractionated heparin for prophylaxis against clinically evident venous thromboembolism in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a retrospective cohort study. | When venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) have the highest incidence of VTE among all hospitalized groups, with PE the third most common cause of death. Although low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) outperform... | 18,959,355 |
A trinuclear nickel(II) enediolate complex: synthesis, characterization, and O2 reactivity. | Using a new N(4)-donor chelate ligand having a mixture of hydrophobic phenyl and hydrogen-bond-donor appendages, a trinuclear nickel(II) complex of the doubly deprotonated form of 2-hydroxy-1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione was isolated, characterized (X-ray crystallography, elemental analysis, UV-vis, (1)H NMR, FTIR, and ... | 18,959,363 |
Comparative behavior of britholites and monazite/brabantite solid solutions during leaching tests: a combined experimental and DFT approach. | In the field of the specific immobilization of actinides, several phosphate-based ceramics have already been proposed as suitable candidates. Among them, britholite and monazite/brabantite (now called monazite/cheralite) solid solutions have been considered as serious candidates on the basis of several properties of in... | 18,959,370 |
Structures and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic coupling 2D Ln-M heterometallic coordination polymers (Ln = Ho, Er; M = Mn, Zn). | Four new heterometallic coordination polymers have been successfully synthesized, namely, {[Ho(2)(HCAM)(6)Mn(3)(H(2)O)(12)].17.5H(2)O}(n) (1), {[Er(2)(HCAM)(6)Mn(3)(H(2)O)(12)].17.5H(2)O}(n) (2), {[Ho(2)(HCAM)(6)Zn(3)(H(2)O)(12)].26H(2)O}(n) (3), and {[Er(2)(HCAM)(6)Zn(3)(H(2)O)(12)].26H(2)O}(n) (4) (H(3)CAM = chelidam... | 18,959,373 |
Octa- and nonanuclear nickel(II) polyoxometalate clusters: synthesis and electrochemical and magnetic characterizations. | Three high-nuclearity NiII-substituted polyoxometalate compounds functionalized by exogenous ligands have been synthesized and characterized. The octanuclear complexes in Na15[Na{(A-R-SiW9O34)Ni4(CH3COO)3(OH)3}2] . 4NaCl . 36H2O (1) and Na15[Na{(A-R-SiW9O34)Ni4(CH3COO)3(OH)2(N3)}2] . 32H2O (2) can be described as two {... | 18,959,376 |
Phase diagrams and water activities of aqueous dicarboxylic acid systems of atmospheric importance. | We have studied liquid/solid phase diagrams and water activities of the dicarboxylic acid/water binary systems for maleic, dl-malic, glutaric, and succinc acids using differential scanning calorimetry, infrared (IR) spectroscopy of thin films, and conductivity analysis of saturated solutions. For each binary system we ... | 18,959,391 |
Variations of diffusion coefficients of redox active molecules in room temperature ionic liquids upon electron transfer. | In ionic liquids, the diffusion coefficients of a redox couple vary considerably between the neutral and radical ion forms of the molecule. For a reduction, the inequality of the diffusion coefficients is characterized by the ratio gamma = D(red)/D(ox), where D(red) and D(ox) are the diffusion coefficients of the elect... | 18,959,392 |
Model potential approaches for describing the interaction of excess electrons with water clusters: incorporation of long-range correlation effects. | In this work we focus on the binding of excess electrons to water clusters, a problem for which dispersion interactions, which originate from long-range correlation effects, are especially important. Two different model potential approaches, one using quantum Drude oscillators and the other using polarization potential... | 18,959,395 |
Absorption, uptake and tissue affinity of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan after oral administration in rats and dogs. | The purpose of this study was to determine the absorption, distribution and excretion of (99m)technetium-labeled, high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (((99m)Tc-HA) and (99m)technetium pertechnetate ((99m)Tc-P) after single dose, oral administration to Wistar rats and Beagle dogs. A pilot study utilized (99m)Tc-HA alone, a... | 18,959,406 |
Fractionation of antioxidants from autohydrolysis of barley husks. | The liquid phase from nonisothermal autohydrolysis of barley husks was extracted with ethyl acetate and redissolved in ethanol to yield a crude extract (denoted BHEAE), which was subjected to further processing to enhance the antioxidant activity. A fractionation method, carried out for characterization purposes, consi... | 18,959,408 |
Comparative proteomical analysis of zygotic embryo and endosperm from Coffea arabica seeds. | During coffee seed development, proteins are predominantly deposited in cotyledons and in the endosperm. Reserve proteins of the 11S family are the most abundant globulins in coffee seeds, acting as a nitrogen source during roasting and guaranteeing flavor and aroma. The aim of the present study was to compare the prot... | 18,959,416 |
Influence of electron-beam irradiation on bioactive compounds in grapefruits ( Citrus paradisi Macf.). | Phytochemical levels in fruits and vegetables can be affected by several postharvest factors. In the present study, the effect of electron-beam (E-beam) irradiation was studied on grapefruit bioactive compounds. 'Rio Red' and 'Marsh White' grapefruits were irradiated with E-beam at 0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 kGy. Chang... | 18,959,418 |
Cu(I)-catalyzed hetero-Diels-Alder reaction between Danishefsky-type siloxy dienes and ketones. | A general catalytic method for the hetero-Diels-Alder reaction between Danishefsky-type siloxy dienes and ketones was developed. Optimum results were produced with a catalyst generated from CuOTf x (C6H6)1/2 and TBAT with Ph 3PO as the catalytic additive. This reaction was extended to an asymmetric variant, using a Cu(... | 18,959,423 |
Highly selective alpha-acylvinyl anion additions to imines. | alpha-Hydroxypropargylsilanes undergo rearrangement to form reactive lithium allenolates. The resulting alpha-acylvinyl anion equivalents undergo highly selective additions to N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines generating beta-substituted aza-MBH-type products. High yields are achieved for a wide range of alpha-hydroxypropar... | 18,959,427 |
Pure insulin nanoparticle agglomerates for pulmonary delivery. | Diabetes is a set of diseases characterized by defects in insulin utilization, either through autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells (Type I) or insulin resistance (Type II). Treatment options can include regular injections of insulin, which can be painful and inconvenient, often leading to low patient compl... | 18,959,432 |
Quantitative study of the structure of multilamellar giant liposomes as a container of protein synthesis reaction. | Liposomes are widely used as cell-sized compartments for encapsulation of biochemical reaction systems to construct model cell systems. However, liposomes are usually diverse in both size and structure, resulting in highly heterogeneous properties as microreactors. Here, we report the development of a strategy to inves... | 18,959,434 |
Design, synthesis, and in vitro activity of novel drug delivery systems containing tuftsin derivatives and methotrexate. | During the past decade, biodegradable polymers or oligopeptides recognized by cell-surface receptors have been shown to increase drug specificity, lowering systemic drug toxicity in contrast to small-size fast-acting drugs. The goal of the present study was to develop anticancer bioconjugates based on chemotactic drug ... | 18,959,436 |
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 in mice increases production of g-csf and induces radioprotection. | Meloxicam, a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2, was tested to determine its ability to modulate hematopoiesis and to influence survival of mid-lethally gamma-irradiated mice. A single dose of meloxicam (20 mg/kg) administered to mice intraperitoneally 1 h before irradiation was shown to enhance serum levels of gr... | 18,959,461 |
The effect of universal influenza immunization on mortality and health care use. | In 2000, Ontario, Canada, initiated a universal influenza immunization program (UIIP) to provide free influenza vaccines for the entire population aged 6 mo or older. Influenza immunization increased more rapidly in younger age groups in Ontario compared to other Canadian provinces, which all maintained targeted immuni... | 18,959,473 |
An autonomous circadian clock in the inner mouse retina regulated by dopamine and GABA. | The influence of the mammalian retinal circadian clock on retinal physiology and function is widely recognized, yet the cellular elements and neural regulation of retinal circadian pacemaking remain unclear due to the challenge of long-term culture of adult mammalian retina and the lack of an ideal experimental measure... | 18,959,477 |
Opportunistic disease and mortality in patients coinfected with hepatitis B or C virus in the strategic management of antiretroviral therapy (SMART) study. | In the Strategic Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) study, the risk of opportunistic disease (OD) and/or death due to any cause was elevated in the drug conservation (i.e., interrupt antiretroviral therapy until the CD4(+) cell count is <250 cells/microL) group, compared with the viral suppression (continu... | 18,959,492 |
Eprinomectin 'pour-on' and the shedding of Haemonchus contortus eggs in experimentally infected goats. | The effect of eprinomectin on goats experimentally infected with the nematode Haemonchus contortus was investigated. Faecal analysis showed that a single dose of eprinomectin 'pour-on' delayed the onset of shedding of eggs for 10 to 17 days. | 18,959,535 |
Exploring the link between impulsivity and peer relations in 5- and 6-year-old children. | In recent years there has been an increased interest in the behavioural correlates of poor peer relations in childhood. It is now apparent that early poor peer relations are associated with negative future outcomes. The present study investigated whether behaviours that reflect impulsivity or require response inhibitio... | 18,959,575 |
Glycaemic control and diabetes care utilization in young adults with Type 1 diabetes. | To explore how glycaemic control in young adults is related to diabetes care utilization during the transition to adult diabetes care and if these variables differ between males and females. This is a retrospective, longitudinal design following patients' records from age 18-24 years. Adolescents (n = 104) connected to... | 18,959,611 |
Risky individuals and the politics of genetic research into aggressiveness and violence. | New genetic technologies promise to generate valuable insights into the aetiology of several psychiatric conditions, as well as a wider range of human and animal behaviours. Advances in the neurosciences and the application of new brain imaging techniques offer a way of integrating DNA analysis with studies that are lo... | 18,959,733 |
Energetic and metabolic transient response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to benzoic acid. | Saccharomyces cerevisiae is known to be able to adapt to the presence of the commonly used food preservative benzoic acid with a large energy expenditure. Some mechanisms for the adaptation process have been suggested, but its quantitative energetic and metabolic aspects have rarely been discussed. This study discusses... | 18,959,741 |
Soluble recombinant CD69 receptors optimized to have an exceptional physical and chemical stability display prolonged circulation and remain intact in the blood of mice. | We investigated the soluble forms of the earliest activation antigen of human leukocyte CD69. This receptor is expressed at the cell surface as a type II homodimeric membrane protein. However, the elements necessary to prepare the soluble recombinant CD69 suitable for structural studies are a matter of controversy. We ... | 18,959,746 |
Microarray analyses of hypoxia-regulated genes in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt)-dependent manner. | We investigated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-dependent changes in the expression of 5592 genes in response to hypoxia (0.1% O(2), 16 h) by performing cDNA microarray analyses of mouse hepa1c1c7 and BpRc1 cells. BpRc1 cells are a hepa1c1c7 variant defective in HIF-beta/aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (A... | 18,959,748 |
Hexameric ring structure of a thermophilic archaeon NADH oxidase that produces predominantly H2O. | An NADH oxidase (NOX) was cloned from the genome of Thermococcus profundus (NOXtp) by genome walking, and the encoded protein was purified to homogeneity after expression in Escherichia coli. Subsequent analyses showed that it is an FAD-containing protein with a subunit molecular mass of 49 kDa that exists as a hexamer... | 18,959,761 |
Semi-nested PCR analysis of unknown tags on serial analysis of gene expression. | Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a powerful technique for studying gene expression at the genome level. However, short SAGE tags limit the further study of related data. In this study, in order to identify a gene, we developed a semi-nested PCR-based method called the two-step analysis of unknown SAGE tags ... | 18,959,766 |
Integrating chromosomal aberrations and gene expression profiles to dissect rectal tumorigenesis. | Accurate staging of rectal tumors is essential for making the correct treatment choice. In a previous study, we found that loss of 17p, 18q and gain of 8q, 13q and 20q could distinguish adenoma from carcinoma tissue and that gain of 1q was related to lymph node metastasis. In order to find markers for tumor staging, we... | 18,959,792 |
Blunt injury to the inferior gluteal artery: case report of a rare "near miss" event. | Traumatic injuries of the inferior gluteal artery are rare, the majority of which are aneurysms due to sharp or blunt trauma. We report the rare case of a "near miss" event of a patient with an acute hemorrhagic mass in the right buttock caused by blunt trauma to the inferior gluteal artery without "hard" clinical sig... | 18,959,806 |
A new method for the study of essential fatty acid requirements in fish larvae. | This study describes a methodology with potential application in the estimation of essential fatty acid (EFA) requirements of fish larvae. Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae were fed, from 16 days after hatching (DAH), on Artemia enriched with different oils, inducing graded dietary concentrations of DHA: (1) ... | 18,959,810 |
Leptin and mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. | Leptin, a product of the obesity gene, is a molecule that has received much attention since its cloning in 1994. Initially, most work centered around the effects of leptin on satiety and energy balance. However, in recent years there has been an intense focus on leptin as it relates to the cardiovascular system. Plasma... | 18,959,828 |
Determination of boron in nickel-base alloys by the dianthrimide method. | The dianthrimide method for the determination of boron in iron and low-alloy steels may be applied to nickel-base materials. The sample is dissolved, without any loss of boron, by hydrochloric and sulphuric acids and the resulting boric acid determined spectrophotometrically with dianthrimide. Background corrections ar... | 18,959,846 |
Intermittent Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonisation at the terminal rectum mucosa of conventionally-reared lambs. | In cattle, the lymphoid rich regions of the rectal-anal mucosa at the terminal rectum are the preferred site for Escherichia coli O157:H7 colonisation. All cattle infected by rectal swab administration demonstrate long-term E. coli O157:H7 colonisation, whereas orally challenged cattle do not demonstrate long-term E. c... | 18,959,839 |
Non-destructive neutron-activation analysis for determining the chlorine content of paper-pulp. | Non-destructive neutron-activation analysis is used for determining chlorine in paper-pulp. Numerical data have been obtained for bleached and unbleached paper-pulps of different types and origins. The sensitivity of this method is 100 ppm for an irradiation time of 30 min and a neutron flux of 6 x 10(10) neutrons.cm(-... | 18,959,861 |
Wollack titration of thiosulphate. | The Wollack titration for the determination of thiosulphate has been reinvestigated. Various modifications are proposed and the conditions necessary for satisfactory results are discussed. | 18,959,883 |
Dithizonates of gold and palladium. | Contrary to some previous reports, it has been found that gold reacts with dithizone in the ratio 1:1 forming a red-brown complex, and in the ratio 2:1 forming a yellow complex, both extractable into chloroform. The proportion of these two complexes in the organic extract depends critically on several factors. Therefor... | 18,959,884 |
Fluorometric titration of calcium, magnesium and iron using calcein blue as indicator. | Calcium, magnesium and iron can be determined by successive fluorometric titration without separation. Calcium is titrated directly with EGTA at a pH 13; magnesium is determined by a substitution reaction with copper-EDTA complex at a pH of about 11 ; and iron is titrated directly with EDTA in the presence of hydrogen ... | 18,959,889 |
Determination of gold by X-ray fluorescence methods. | X-ray fluorescence methods for the determination of gold in silver beads and in hydrochloric acid solutions are described. These techniques may be applied to silver containing 0.2-5 % of gold and to solutions containing 0.004-0.1% of gold. Platinum, palladium, rhodium and indium do not interfere. | 18,959,913 |
Spectrofluorimetric determination of submicrogram amounts of aluminium using salicylidene-o-aminophenol. | Salicylidene-o-aminophenol provides a sensitive spectrofluorimetric reagent for the determination of aluminium down to 27 ng (or 2.7 x 10(-4) ppm in the final solution). The most suitable conditions of pH (5.6), reagent concentration and development time (>20 min) have been established. Extraction with sodium diethy... | 18,959,922 |
Determination of free acid in antimony(III) and bismuth(III) solutions. | A method for the determination of free acid in antimony(III) and bismuth(III) solutions is given. A solution of the disodium salt of EDTA, 2-3 % in excess of the stoichiometric amount, is added to the metal salt solution and titrated with sodium hydroxide solution potentiometrically or visually using a mixed indicator.... | 18,959,924 |
Quantitative infrared analysis of 2,4-tolylene diamine and 2,4-tolylene diurea mixtures. | A rapid method is described for the simultaneous determination of 2,4-tolylene diamine and 2,4-tolylene diurea by infrared spectroscopy. The method is satisfactory for the diurea determination but gives rather large errors in the diamine determination. | 18,959,936 |
Determination of cadmium by atomic-fluorescence and atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. | The adaptation of a conventional atomic-absorption/flameemission spectrophotometer to the measurement of atomic-fluorescence in an air-acetylene flame is described. The determination of cadmium on the same instrument by both atomic-fluorescence and absorption shows that, even with a rather simple and inefficient means ... | 18,959,939 |
Chromotropic acid azo dyes of the pyridine series Spectrophotometric determination of nickel and cobalt in the presence of many ions and their simultaneous determination. | Pyridyl-2-azo-chromotropic acid (disodium salt) is proposed as a new reagent for the determination of nickel and cobalt in the presence of many ions and for their simultaneous determination in the absence of cyanide and EDTA. The wavelengths of maximum absorption for the nickel and cobalt complexes are 570 and 640 mmu ... | 18,959,942 |
Determination of indium in standard rocks by neutron activation analysis. | A rapid neutron activation method for the determination of indium in rocks, based on 54 min (116m)In, is described. The method has been applied to a series of geochemical standards including granite G-1 and diabase W-1. The precision is better than +/- 5% for samples containing more than 5 x 10(-10)g indium. Good agree... | 18,959,988 |
A new automatic recording titrator and its applications. | A new type of automatic recording titrator has been developed. The titrant is added intermittently and the titration curve is recorded stepwise, potential changes being registered in the intervals between deliveries of titrant. The increments of titrant and the intervals can be pre-set, but give the best results if con... | 18,960,001 |
Spectral characterisation of nitroarenes and polycyclic aldehydes, ketones, quinones and amines. | Three methods are introduced for the post-chromatographic spectral characterisation of carbonyl and nitro compounds. Most often, elution from the chromatogram is necessary, but sometimes fluorescence spectra can be obtained directly from the chromatograra. The usefulness and sensitivity of the methods have been demonst... | 18,960,013 |
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