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is identical, save for the lower voltage one having its graph truncated at its rated voltage. suspicious, certainly, but i could be wrong. anyway, buying higher rated ceramics will do nothing to combat this voltage related capacitance falloff, the only factor that ultimately plays a role is the physical volume of the d... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
voltage bias can vibrate or act as microphones. or nanoactuators! are otherwise awesome. ceramic capacitors are what you want to use, but aren't always able to. they actually behave like capacitors and even at high frequencies, but can't match the volumetric efficiency of electrolytics, and only class 1 types ( which h... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
people define data science differently, but i think that the common part is : practical knowledge how to deal with data, practical programming skills. contrary to its name, it's rarely " science ". that is, in data science the emphasis is on practical results ( like in engineering ), not proofs, mathematical purity or ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
a balanced list of typical skills and activities of a data scientist : see also this post : data scientist - statistician, programmer, consultant and visualizer?. | https://api.stackexchange.com |
summary : " when used properly " tantalum capacitors are highly reliable. they have the advantage of high capacitance per volume and good decoupling characteristics due to relatively low internal resistance and low inductance compared to traditional alternatives such as aluminum wet electrolytic capacitors. the'catch'i... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
electrolytic capacitors have traditionally had a failure mode which makes their use questionable in high energy circuits that cannot be or have not been rigorously designed to eliminate any prospect of the applied voltage exceeding the rated voltage by more than a small percentage. tantalum caps are typically made by s... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
thermal runaway may occur ( see below ). kemet - application notes for tantalum capacitors read section 15., page 79 and walk away with hands in sight. avx - voltage derating rules for solid tantalum and niobium capacitors for many years, whenever people have asked tantalum capacitor manufacturers for general recommend... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
##d tantalum - capacitor failure. it wasn't that the capacitors were just failing, but the failure was catastrophic and was rendering pcbs ( printed - circuit boards ) unfixable. there seemed to be no explanation. we found no misapplication issues for this small, dedicated microcomputer pcb. worse yet, the supplier bla... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
some fraction of supply - maybe ~ ~ ~ = 50 %. works reliably in my experience. you can usually check using can markings but this depends on intended orientation being known and clear. while that is usually consistent in a good design this is never certain. | https://api.stackexchange.com |
it is entirely arbitrary whether you call it an organic compound or not, though most would not. the distinction you make that organic compounds should be found in living things is not a useful criterion. moreover you are wrong that carbon dioxide isn't : it is both made and used by living things. animals make it when t... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
now there're laptops that use external power supplies rated at exactly 19 volts. that isn't a multiple of anything suitable. puzzles me a lot. this is not a design question as posed, but it has relevance to design of battery charging systems. summary : the voltage is slightly more than a multiple of the fully charged v... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
these. for cells at 16. 8 v leave a headroom of ( 19β16. 8 ) = 2. 4 volt for the electronics. most of this is not needed and the difference is accommodated by the buck converter, which acts as an β electronic gearbox β, taking in energy at one voltage and outputting it at a lower voltage and appropriately higher curren... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
python ( as of 2. 6 and 3. 0 ) now searches in the ~ /. local directory for local installs, which do not require administrative privileges to install, so you just need to point your installer to that directory. if you have already downloaded the package foo and would like to install it manually, type : cd path / to / f... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
karl weierstrass was in his 40's when he got his phd. there are a dozen other counterexamples, a number fairly recent. a good set of examples can be found in the thread on mo here. this myth of " science is a game for the young " is one of the falsest and most destructive canards in modern society. don't listen to it. ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
this can be done in r very easily from an indexed. bam file. given single - end file for sample1. library ( genomicalignments ) library ( rtracklayer ) # # read in bam file ( use readgalignmentpairs for paired - end files ) gr < - readgalignments ('sample1. bam') # # convert to coverages gr. cov < - coverage ( gr ) # #... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
assuming the bird still is at earth potential when entering in contact with the wire ( say, it jumped right on it from the pole ). there are lots of unknowns in this problem but let's try to fill some gaps with data we kind of know in humans. so until an ee stackexchanger who is an ornithologist shows up with interesti... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
burns on small area of skin ", but i would guess it would be for an area bigger than an inch, burning all epidermis and some of the dermis cells such that they peel away. so for 750nanoseconds, that's 133ma required! if we use again the 1500ohms resistance from above, that means the wire would need to be at 199gv, whic... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
the hgp developed the first " reference " human genome - a genome that other genomes could be compared to, and was actually a composite of multiple human genome sequences. the standard human reference genome is actually continually updated with major and minor revisions, a bit like software. the latest major version is... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
it's a matter of perspective. most of the chemicals that are addictive to us humans ( particularly alkaloids ), and may be addictive for some other animals as well, are also insecticides. lots of plants that we consider poisonous are good food for other species, and lots of plants that insects would consider poisonous ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
in general, there is no good answer as to what $ 0 ^ 0 $ " should " be, so it is usually left undefined. basically, if you consider $ x ^ y $ as a function of two variables, then there is no limit as $ ( x, y ) \ to ( 0, 0 ) $ ( with $ x \ geq 0 $ ) : if you approach along the line $ y = 0 $, then you get $ \ lim \ lim... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
and only one ) function from the empty set to the empty set : the empty function. so the set $ 0 ^ 0 $ has one and only one element, and therefore we must define $ 0 ^ 0 $ as $ 1 $. so if we are talking about cardinal exponentiation, then the only possible definition is $ 0 ^ 0 = 1 $, and we define it that way, period.... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
to mean, and in discrete mathematics, when $ a $ and $ b $ are nonnegative integers, it's a count : it's the number of distinct ways in which you can do a certain thing ( described above ), and that leads necessarily to the definition that makes $ 0 ^ 0 $ equal to $ 1 $ : because $ 1 $ is the number of ways of making n... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
there are zero contradictions between quantum mechanics and special relativity ; quantum field theory is the framework that unifies them. general relativity also works perfectly well as a low - energy effective quantum field theory. for questions like the low - energy scattering of photons and gravitons, for instance, ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
, at very high energies, is not a quantum field theory in the traditional sense. it's a stranger theory, which probably involves a subtle sort of nonlocality that is relevant for situations like black hole horizons. none of this is really a contradiction between general relativity and quantum mechanics. for instance, s... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
imagine a person who prefers to measure the amount of money in his bank account with the value $ v $. the equation is $ v = c \ tanh n $, where $ n $ is the actual amount of money in dollars. this person will also be confused : why is there a limit ( $ c $ ) on the amount of money that i can have? is there any law that... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
here is the answer which elaborates upon the algorithm from the paper linked by joe : first let us consider a $ \ theta ( n \ log n ) $ algorithm which uses divide and conquer. 1 ) divide and conquer we are given $ $ a _ 1, a _ 2, \ dots, b _ 1, b _ 2, \ dots b _ n $ $ now to use divide and conquer, for some $ m = \ th... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
this book - keeping within the $ \ mathcal { o } ( 1 ) $ space limitation is what makes this problem hard. this is where the paper uses number theory. it can be shown that, in the case when $ 2n + 1 = 3 ^ k $, the elements at positions $ 1 $, $ 3, 3 ^ 2, \ dots, 3 ^ { k - 1 } $ are in different cycles and every cycle c... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
from a computer vision perspective : the basic problem is estimating a homography between your target point set and a subset of points in the large set. in your case, with rotation only, it will be an affine homography. you should look into the ransac method. it is designed to find a match in a set with many outliers. ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
the standard deviation is the square root of the variance. the standard deviation is expressed in the same units as the mean is, whereas the variance is expressed in squared units, but for looking at a distribution, you can use either just so long as you are clear about what you are using. for example, a normal distrib... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
$ $ \ int _ 0 ^ 1 \ frac { \ mathrm { d } x } { x ^ x } = \ sum _ { k = 1 } ^ \ infty \ frac1 { k ^ k } $ $ | https://api.stackexchange.com |
the main differences are along two dimensions - - in the underlying theory, and in how they can be used. lets just focus on the latter. as a user, the " logic " of specifications in liquidhaskell and refinement type systems generally, is restricted to decidable fragments so that verification ( and inference ) is comple... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
stochastic sampling doesn't have anything to do with sampling stochastic waveforms. it simply means that instead of sampling at regular intervals, the waveform is sampled randomly. recall that in a sampling scheme per the nyquist - shannon sampling theorem, a continuous signal $ x ( t ) $ on $ \ mathbb { r } $ is sampl... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
interval $ [ 0, \ tau ] $ as $ $ \ begin { align } s ( t ) & = \ sum _ { n = 0 } ^ { f _ s \ tau - 1 } \ delta ( t - t _ n ), \ quad t _ n \ sim \ mathcal { u } ( 0, \ tau ) \ \ x [ n ] & = x ( t ) \ cdot s ( t ) \ end { align } $ $ where $ \ mathcal { u } ( 0, \ tau ) $ is the uniform distribution on the interval $ [ ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
yes, definitely. for example, i found that $ $ m \ int _ 0 ^ { \ infty } y ^ { \ alpha } e ^ { - y } ( 1 - e ^ { - y } ) ^ { m - 1 } \, dy = \ gamma ( \ alpha + 1 ) \ sum _ { k \ geq 1 } ( - 1 ) ^ { k - 1 } \ binom { m } { k } \ frac { 1 } { k ^ { \ alpha } } $ $ ( and related results for particular values of $ \ alpha... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
normalization rescales the values into a range of [ 0, 1 ]. this might be useful in some cases where all parameters need to have the same positive scale. however, the outliers from the data set are lost. $ $ x _ { changed } = \ frac { x - x _ { min } } { x _ { max } - x _ { min } } $ $ standardization rescales data to ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
you've several options : remove some of the bias. ( a ) by penalizing the likelihood as per @ nick's suggestion. package logistf in r or the firth option in sas's proc logistic implement the method proposed in firth ( 1993 ), " bias reduction of maximum likelihood estimates ", biometrika, 80, 1. ; which removes the fir... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
, as the wald estimates of standard error will be badly wrong. ) an often over - looked option. if the purpose of the model is just to describe what you've learnt about the relationships between predictors & response, there's no shame in quoting a confidence interval for an odds ratio of, say, 2. 3 upwards. ( indeed it... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
because it's undecidable whether the program will use the memory again. this means that no algorithm can correctly determine when to call free ( ) in all cases, which means that any compiler that tried to do this would necessarily produce some programs with memory leaks and / or some programs that continued to use memo... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
there is no tidal bulge. this was one of newton's few mistakes. newton did get the tidal forcing function correct, but the response to that forcing in the oceans : completely wrong. newton's equilibrium theory of the tides with its two tidal bulges is falsified by observation. if this hypothesis was correct, high tide ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
. that the earth is rotating at a rate different from the moon's orbital rate means that the coriolis effect would act to sheer the tidal wave apart even if the earth was completely covered by a very deep ocean. what is the right model? what newton got wrong, laplace got right. laplace's dynamic theory of the tides acc... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
driving force. the global m2 tidal response source : source : link, not archived ] the m2 constituent of the tides is the roughly twice per day response to the tidal forcing function that results from the moon. this is the dominant component of the tides in many parts of the world. the first image shows the m2 amphidro... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
reason it is small is because tsunami are, for the most part, short term events relative to the earth's rotation rate. the coriolis effect becomes apparent in the long - term response of the oceans to a tsunami. topography is much more important for a tsunami. the link that follows provides an animation of the 2004 ind... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
on dynamic tides [ archive link ] rhetorically asks " but how can water confined to a basin engage in wave motion at all like the β tidal bulges β that supposedly sweep around the globe as depicted in equilibrium theory? " and immediately responds ( emphasis mine ) " the answer is β it can β t. " in affholder, m., & va... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
log - scale informs on relative changes ( multiplicative ), while linear - scale informs on absolute changes ( additive ). when do you use each? when you care about relative changes, use the log - scale ; when you care about absolute changes, use linear - scale. this is true for distributions, but also for any quantity... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
cost $ \ $ $ 1 per share, and stock b costs $ \ $ $ 100 a share. today they both went up by one dollar to $ \ $ $ 2 and $ \ $ $ 101 respectively. their absolute change is identical ( $ \ $ $ 1 ), but their relative change is dramatically different ( 100 % for a, 1 % for b ). given that you have a fixed amount of princi... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
. for your investing purposes though, where only relative gains matter, this is not necessarily true. example 2. chemical reactions. suppose we have two molecules a and b that undergo a reversible reaction. $ a \ leftrightarrow b $ which is defined by the individual rate constants ( $ k _ { ab } $ ) $ a \ rightarrow b ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
between the average and two values is the same. additively we find the same thing ; 50. 5 - 1 = 49. 5, and 100 - 50. 5 = 49. 5. | https://api.stackexchange.com |
there will always be a tradeoff in terms of resource allocation between reproduction and self maintenance. since worker ants forego reproduction to perform other roles ( gathering resources, caring for young etc. ) within the colony, it makes sense that this would favour a longer lifespan. this idea works for most anim... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
). this is probably due to their reproductive role. all the ants in the colony are investing in reproduction ( whether by physically giving birth to young or by providing it with food and protection ) therefore the normal relationship ( reproduction and lifespan tradeoff ) mentioned at the start is not relevant, but si... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
& genoud, m. ( 1997 ) extraordinary lifespans in ants : a test of evolutionary theories of ageing. nature, 389, 958 β 960. keller, l. & genoud, m. ( 1999 ) evolutionary theories of aging. gerontology, 45, 336 β 338. o β donnell, s. & jeanne, r. l. ( 1995 ) implications of senescence patterns for the evolution of age po... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
we won't necessarily see any effects. suppose that somebody finds an algorithm that solves 3sat on $ n $ variables in $ 2 ^ { 100 } n $ basic operations. you won't be able to run this algorithm on any instance, since it takes too long. or suppose that she finds an algorithm running in $ n ^ { 100 } $ basic operations. ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
there are different angles this question can be answered : chemical point of view : a full analysis of a totally unknown mixture is painful and extremely costly. it is always helpful to know how many components you are looking for ; what types etc. in this case, it is not enough to analyse the elemental composition or ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
that is the correct sequence for 2019 - ncov. coronavirus is of course an rna virus and in fact, to my knowledge, every rna virus in genbank is present as cdna ( agct, i. e. thydmine ) and not rna ( agcu, i. e. uracil ). the reason is simple, we never sequence directly from rna because rna is too unstable and easily de... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
first of all, i would emphasize that " alignment - free " quantification tools like salmon and kallisto are not reference - free. the basic difference between them and more traditional aligners is that they do not report a specific position ( either in a genome or transcriptome ) to which a read maps. however, their ov... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
someone may have better words to explain this than me, but the big thing you have to remember is voltage is a potential difference. in most cases the " difference " part is a difference between some potential and ground potential. when someone says - 5v, they're saying that you are below ground. you also need to keep i... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
the forward voltage is the voltage drop across the diode if the voltage at the anode is more positive than the voltage at the cathode ( if you connect + to the anode ). you will be using this value to calculate the power dissipation of the diode and the voltage after the diode. the reverse voltage is the voltage drop a... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
except for code which does a significant number of floating - point operations on data that are held in cache, most floating - point intensive code is performance limited by memory bandwidth and cache capacity rather than by flops. $ v $ and the products $ av $ and $ bv $ are all vectors of length 2000 ( 16k bytes in d... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
both ceramic resonators and quartz crystals work on the same principle : the vibrate mechanically when an ac signal is applied to them. quartz crystals are more accurate and temperature stable than ceramic resonators. the resonator or crystal itself has two connections. on the left the crystal, right the ceramic resona... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
will oscillate at its resonance frequency ( about 1hz ) and it will be hard to jump faster or slower. that's the frequencies that will be filtered out. the kid jumping on the trampoline is the amplifier, she supplies the energy to keep the oscillation going. further reading msp430 32 khz crystal oscillators | https://api.stackexchange.com |
you mention that fastqc " fails to find the actual adapter sequences " - i guess you mean in the adapter sequence contamination plot. however, the kmer and sequence content plots are often useful even when the former fails. i've used these in the past - you can sometimes just read off the adapter sequence from the star... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
in the solution of nonlinear hyperbolic pdes, discontinuities ( " shocks " ) appear even when the initial condition is smooth. in the presence of discontinuities, the notion of solution can only be defined in the weak sense. the numerical velocity of a shock depends on the correct rankine - hugoniot conditions being im... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
a great summary of non - intuitive results in higher dimensions comes from " a few useful things to know about machine learning " by pedro domingos at the university of washington : [ o ] ur intuitions, which come from a three - dimensional world, often do not apply in high - dimensional ones. in high dimensions, most ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
not exist. in such cases, even the concept of proximity may not be meaningful from a qualitative perspective : a problem which is even more fundamental than the performance degradation of high dimensional algorithms.... many high - dimensional indexing structures and algorithms use the [ e ] uclidean distance metric as... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
try out blosc. it is in many cases faster than memcopy. think about that for a second... wicked. it is super stable, highly - vetted, cross - platform, and performs like a champ. | https://api.stackexchange.com |
i was quite amused when a student produced the following when cancelling a fraction : $ $ \ frac { x ^ 2 - y ^ 2 } { x - y } $ $ he began by " cancelling " the $ x $ and the $ y $ on top and bottom, to get : $ $ \ frac { x - y } { - } $ $ and then concluded that " two negatives make a positive ", so the final answer ha... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
first, i think it worthwhile considering'why would internal symmetry be beneficial?'developmental simplicity jumps to mind immediately. you can also consider relationship to external organs ; the stomach and esophagus are lined up with the mouth which is symmetrical about the sagittal plane. or maybe even balance ; the... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
for logging that allows full reproducibility, i highly recommend the sumatra python package. it nicely links the version control commit number, machine state, and output files to each program run and has a django web interface to interact with the database of run info. the python api makes it very easy to include loggi... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
this answer is general to processors and peripherals, and has an sram specific comment at the end, which is probably pertinent to your specific ram and cpu. output pins can be driven in three different modes : open drain - a transistor connects to low and nothing else open drain, with pull - up - a transistor connects ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
3 would need to have been high individually. 111 - > 1. that's an'and '. if you consider each of the output stages as an inverter then for each one to have a high output it's input must be low. so to get a combined high output you need three 000 - > 1. that's a'nor '. some have suggested that this is an or - any of xyz... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
humans do not produce vitamin c due to a mutation in the gulo ( gulonolactone oxidase ) gene, which results in the inability to synthesize the protein. normal gulo is an enzyme that catalyses the reaction of d - glucuronolactone with oxygen to l - xylo - hex - 3 - gulonolactone. this then spontaneously forms ascorbic a... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
when people say that kohn - sham orbitals bear no physical meaning, they mean it in the sense that nobody has proved mathematically that they mean anything. however, it has been empirically observed that many times, kohn - sham orbitals often do look very much like hartree - fock orbitals, which do have accepted physic... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
this problem reminds me of tension field theory and related problems in studying the shape of inflated inextensible membranes ( like helium balloons ). what follows is far from a solution, but some initial thoughts about the problem. first, since you're allowing creasing and folding, by nash - kuiper it's enough to con... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
$ pushes against the surface, and is exactly balanced by stress along inextensible fibers $ \ tau $. in other words, for some stress $ \ sigma $ constant along each $ \ tau $, at all points $ \ tau ( s ) $ along $ \ tau $ we have $ $ \ hat { n } = \ sigma \ tau'' ( s ) $ $ where $ \ hat { n } $ the surface normal ; it ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
i found many plausible claims that fingerprints increase friction. however, the following article claims, at least under their experimental conditions, that fingerprints actually decrease friction with smooth surfaces by reducing contact area. fingerprints are unlikely to increase the friction of primate fingerpads. it... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
fine textures is mediated by skin vibrations when scanning the surface with the fingertip. these vibrations are encoded by specific mechanoreceptors, pacinian corpuscules ( pcs ), located about 2 mm below the skin surface. in a recent article, we performed experiments using a biomimetic sensor which suggest that finger... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
the relation of " minimum " to " phase " in a minimum phase system or filter can be seen if you plot the unwrapped phase against frequency. you can use a pole zero diagram of the system response to help do a incremental graphical plot of the frequency response and phase angle. this method helps in doing a phase plot wi... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
john kruschke released a book in mid 2011 called doing bayesian data analysis : a tutorial with r and bugs. ( a second edition was released in nov 2014 : doing bayesian data analysis, second edition : a tutorial with r, jags, and stan. ) it is truly introductory. if you want to walk from frequentist stats into bayes th... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
stereo imaging given the large field of view you need in relation to the accuracy you want, and how close you want to be, i think that stereo imaging may be a challenging, so you need to somehow amplify the differences you are trying to measure. structured lighting if you are essentially trying to measure the profile o... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
, using the camera height, to determine the the true position of the line relative to the base line. also note that if you don't need absolute accuracy, and local repeatability is enough ( say you are profiling the flatness of a sample to ensure it is within given tolerances ) then just being able to see the relative p... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
qualimap will do this for you. go to qualimap. bioinfo. cipf. es run qualimap ( default params are fine ) on each bam file open up the html output, and you can read off the % identity ( they measure the opposite, i. e. mismatch rate, but 100 % - mismatch rate is % identity of course ), indel rate, etc. one thing to wat... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
there are good books on this such as gelman and hill. what follows is essentially a summary of their perspective. first of all, you should not get too caught up in the terminology. in statistics, jargon should never be used as a substitute for a mathematical understanding of the models themselves. that is especially tr... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
" and think it means something very special about the system being modeled, like fixed effects have to be used when something is " fixed " while random effects have to be used when something is " randomly sampled ". but there's nothing particularly random about assuming that model coefficients come from a distribution ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
between estimates for different zips is just sampling variance. in a random effects model, the inference process accounts for sampling variance and shrinks the variance estimate accordingly. having accounted for ( 1 ) - ( 4 ), a random / mixed effects model is able to determine the appropriate shrinkage for low - sampl... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
i'll try to summarize my experiences obtained in the course of developing viennacl, where we have cuda and opencl backends with mostly 1 : 1 translations of a lot of compute kernels. from your question i'll also assume that we are mostly taking about gpus here. performance portability. first of all, there is no such th... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
##gpu, system freezes due to buggy kernels are really the exception, not the rule, both with opencl and cuda. for reasons i probably do not need to explain here, nvidia no longer offers debugging and profiling for opencl with cuda 5. 0 and above. accessibility and convenience. it is a lot easier to get the first cuda c... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
and more libraries use multiple compute backends. viennacl, vexcl, or paralution all support opencl and cuda backends in the meanwhile, a similar trend can be seen with libraries in other areas. gpgpu is not a silver bullet. gpgpu has been shown to provide good performance for structured operations and compute - limite... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
biology is rarely black or white, all or nothing. protective immunity is generally not an on / off switch, where from the moment you're vaccinated you're infinitely resistant for the rest of your life. you shouldn't expect that, having received a smallpox vaccine, you could have billions of smallpox viruses squirted di... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
water, as simple as it might appear, has quite a few extraordinary things to offer. most does not seem to be as it appears. before diving deeper, a few cautionary words about hybridisation. hybridisation is an often misconceived concept. it only is a mathematical interpretation, which explains a certain bonding situati... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
the p - orbital sticking out of the bonding plane. this interpretation is not only valid it is one that comes as the solution of the schrodinger equation. [ 4 ] that leaves for the other orbital a hybridisation of sp ( 2 / 3 ). if we make the reasonable assumption, that the oxygen hydrogen bonds are sp3 hybridised, and... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
% ) d 0. 00 ( 0. 02 % ) 5. ( 1. 99955 ) bd ( 1 ) o 1 - h 3 ( 73. 48 % ) 0. 8572 * o 1 s ( 23. 41 % ) p 3. 26 ( 76. 27 % ) d 0. 01 ( 0. 30 % ) ( 26. 52 % ) 0. 5150 * h 3 s ( 99. 65 % ) p 0. 00 ( 0. 32 % ) d 0. 00 ( 0. 02 % ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
ce { h2o } $ molecule is classified as belonging to the $ c _ \ mathrm { 2v } $ point group and so the electronic states of water are described using the irreducible representations $ \ mathrm { a } _ 1 $, $ \ mathrm { a } _ 2 $, $ \ mathrm { b } _ 1 $, $ \ mathrm { b } _ 2 $. the electronic configuration of the ground... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
gas phase confirms that the lone pairs are non - equivalent. conclusions for condensed phases might be different, but that is a story for another day. notes and references what is bent's rule? utility of bent's rule - what can bent's rule explain that other qualitative considerations cannot? formal theory of bent's rul... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
for concluding 2 lone pairs versus 1 or 3? for example mulliken has in table v the b1 orbital being a definite lone pair ( no h population ) but the two a1 orbitals both have about 0. 3e population on h. would it be wrong to say only one of the pes energy levels corresponds to a lone pair, and the other 3 has some sign... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
- s = 0. 18 4 : 3a1 oe = - 0. 406 is o1 - s = 0. 12 o1 - p = 0. 74 h2 - s = 0. 06 h3 - s = 0. 06 5 : 1b1 oe = - 0. 332 is o1 - p = 0. 95 we can see that there is indeed some contribution by the hydrogens to the in - plane lone pair of oxygen. on the other hand we see that there is only one orbital where there is a larg... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
because it is very easy to perform. see also : which one, mulliken charge distribution and nbo, is more reliable? mulliken used a scf - lcao - mo calculation by ellison and shull and was so kind to include the main results into his paper. the oxygen hydrogen bond distance is 95. 8 pm and the bond angle is 105Β°. i perfo... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
population ] in some instances does very slightly exceed 2. 00 [... ]. the reason why these slight but only slight imperfections exist is obscure. but since they are only slight, it appears that the gross atomic populations calculated using eq. ( 6') may be taken as representing rather accurately the " true " populatio... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
this wasn't the first, but it's definitely awesome : this is a proof of the pythagorean theorem, and it uses no words! | https://api.stackexchange.com |
salt water may have anti - septic properties due to the effect it has on water potential. pure water has a water potential ( Ο ) of zero. a concentrated salt solution has a lower ( more - negative ) water potential. the water potential of the salt solution is likely to be more negative than that of the pathogen's cytop... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
in w. kahan, " interval arithmetic options in the proposed ieee floating point arithmetic standard ". in : karl l. e. nickel ( ed. ), interval mathematics 1980, new york : academic press 1980, pp. 99 - 128, the author addresses some common fallacies with regard to floating - point computation, which he calls anti - the... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
explains that the trick consists in the cancellation of errors. but it took deep insight to come up with this solution. it is therefore not surprising that william kahan subsequently became the β father of ieee floating - point arithmetic β. a detailed numerical analysis of this algorithm is provided by nicholas j. hig... | https://api.stackexchange.com |
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