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In mathematics, a graded vector space is a vector space that has the extra structure of a grading or gradation, which is a decomposition of the vector space into a direct sum of vector subspaces, generally indexed by the integers. For "pure" vector spaces, the concept has been introduced in homological algebra, and it ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In most tabletop role-playing games, die rolls required by the system are given in the form AdX. A and X are variables, separated by the letter d, which stands for die or dice. The letter d is most commonly lower-case, but some forms of notation use upper-case D (non-English texts can use the equivalent form of the fir...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In number theory, Sylvester's sequence is an integer sequence in which each term is the product of the previous terms, plus one. The first few terms of the sequence are 2, 3, 7, 43, 1807, 3263443, 10650056950807, 113423713055421844361000443 (sequence A000058 in the OEIS).Sylvester's sequence is named after James Joseph...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mid-2001, the Xeon brand was introduced ("Pentium" was dropped from the name). The initial variant that used the new NetBurst microarchitecture, "Foster", was slightly different from the desktop Pentium 4 ("Willamette"). It was a decent chip for workstations, but for server applications it was almost always outperfo...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In practice, the easiest way to find an optimal BFS is to use the simplex algorithm. It keeps, at each point of its execution, a "current basis" B (a subset of m out of n variables), a "current BFS", and a "current tableau". The tableau is a representation of the linear program where the basic variables are expressed i...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Division by a power of 2 is often written as a right-shift, not for optimization as might be assumed, but because the floor of negative results is required. Assuming such shifts are "premature optimization" and replacing them with division can break software.Many programming languages (including C, C++, C#, Java, PHP, ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
The spectral theorem states that a matrix is normal if and only if it is unitarily similar to a diagonal matrix, and therefore any matrix A satisfying the equation A*A = AA* is diagonalizable. The converse does not hold because diagonalizable matrices may have non-orthogonal eigenspaces. The left and right singular vec...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Compound or "query-based" operations on groups of identifiers, based on the namespaces in which they are declared, are rendered unwieldy or unfeasible. In languages with restricted identifier length, the use of prefixes limits the number of characters that can be used to identify what the function does. This is a parti...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Square matrices are often used to represent simple linear transformations, such as shearing or rotation. For example, if R {\displaystyle R} is a square matrix representing a rotation (rotation matrix) and v {\displaystyle \mathbf {v} } is a column vector describing the position of a point in space, the product R v {\d...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Examples are "sales department", "procurement department", etc. It is represented as an ellipse with a vertical line.Information, material, or resource object In the event-driven process chain, the information, material, or resource objects portray objects in the real world, for example business objects, entities, etc....
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, Richardson's theorem establishes the undecidability of the equality of real numbers defined by expressions involving integers, π, ln ⁡ 2 , {\displaystyle \ln 2,} and exponential and sine functions. It was proved in 1968 by mathematician and computer scientist Daniel Richardson of the University of Bath....
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In some cases, it is easy to calculate t(G) directly: If G is itself a tree, then t(G) = 1. When G is the cycle graph Cn with n vertices, then t(G) = n. For a complete graph with n vertices, Cayley's formula gives the number of spanning trees as nn − 2. If G is the complete bipartite graph K p , q {\displaystyle K_{p,q...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, the Paley–Zygmund inequality bounds the probability that a positive random variable is small, in terms of its first two moments. The inequality was proved by Raymond Paley and Antoni Zygmund. Theorem: If Z ≥ 0 is a random variable with finite variance, and if 0 ≤ θ ≤ 1 {\displaystyle 0\leq \theta \leq 1...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
It is very difficult to support new peers joining part-way through a game. Each peer must communicate with all other peers, limiting the number of connected players. Each peer must wait for every other peer's message before simulating the next "network frame", resulting in all players experiencing the same latency as t...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
When n = 2 r {\displaystyle n=2r} there are other equally-large families, but for larger values of n {\displaystyle n} only the families constructed in this way can be largest. The Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem can also be described in terms of hypergraphs or independent sets in Kneser graphs. Several analogous theorems apply ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
}}\right)\\\\&{}=\lambda e^{-\lambda t}-e^{-\lambda t}\sum _{u=1}^{x-1}\left({\frac {\lambda ^{u}t^{u-1}}{(u-1)! }}-{\frac {\lambda ^{u+1}t^{u}}{u! }}\right)\end{aligned}}} The sum telescopes, leaving f ( t ) = λ x t x − 1 e − λ t ( x − 1 ) ! . {\displaystyle f(t)={\frac {\lambda ^{x}t^{x-1}e^{-\lambda t}}{(x-1)!}}.}
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
A field has a consistent tensorial character wherever it is defined: i.e. a field cannot be a scalar field somewhere and a vector field somewhere else. For example, the Newtonian gravitational field is a vector field: specifying its value at a point in spacetime requires three numbers, the components of the gravitation...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
So, 30 Z {\displaystyle 30\mathbb {Z} } is a semiprime ideal of the integers (because 30 = 2 × 3 × 5, with no repeated prime factors), but 12 Z {\displaystyle 12\mathbb {Z} \,} is not (because 12 = 22 × 3, with a repeated prime factor). The class of semiprime rings includes semiprimitive rings, prime rings and reduced ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, Euler's idoneal numbers (also called suitable numbers or convenient numbers) are the positive integers D such that any integer expressible in only one way as x2 ± Dy2 (where x2 is relatively prime to Dy2) is a prime power or twice a prime power. In particular, a number that has two distinct representati...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the Unicode standard, the symbol £ is called POUND SIGN, and the symbol ₤ is the LIRA SIGN. These have respective code points: U+00A3 £ POUND SIGN (£ · inherited from Latin-1) U+20A4 ₤ LIRA SIGNUnicode notes that the "lira sign" is not widely used and was added due to both it and the pound sign being available on HP...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In netstalking, there are two general methods for finding unusual information: a deli-search and a net-random. Deli-search, or "deliberated search", is a targeted search for objects of interest whose characteristics are already known. This method usually uses the language of search queries and web archives, with which ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
The b {\displaystyle b} on the right-hand side can also be written as b 1 {\displaystyle b^{1}} , giving b r + r = b 1 {\displaystyle b^{r+r}=b^{1}} . Equating the exponents on both sides, we have r + r = 1 {\displaystyle r+r=1} .
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the age of information, the amount of the written material we encounter each day is simply beyond our processing capacity. Topic models can help to organize and offer insights for us to understand large collections of unstructured text bodies. Originally developed as a text-mining tool, topic models have been used t...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
If the components of the gradient of a function f {\displaystyle f} , ( ∇ f ) i {\displaystyle (\nabla f)^{i}} , are expressed in terms of a given basis, e i {\displaystyle \mathbf {e} _{i}} , then these components will in fact still vary oppositely to that of the basis vectors, as can be seen by observing (using the E...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, the free matroid over a given ground-set E is the matroid in which the independent sets are all subsets of E. It is a special case of a uniform matroid. The unique basis of this matroid is the ground-set itself, E. Among matroids on E, the free matroid on E has the most independent sets, the highest ran...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the United Kingdom, mobile phone network providers are not obliged to provide unlocking, even after the end of the contract. Ofcom, UK's telecom regulator, allowed 3 UK to sell a mobile phone with the SIM card permanently superglued to the phone. Most operators offer some form of unlocking service, depending on the ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Following is another example: TABLE 1 The join dependencies of the table are {medic name, occupation}, {medic name, practice in years} and {medic name, type}. Hence we could see that such table is 2NF (due to the appearance of transitive dependency). The following tables try to bring it to 6NF: TABLE 2.1 TABLE 2.2 TABL...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In programming language theory, parametricity is an abstract uniformity property enjoyed by parametrically polymorphic functions, which captures the intuition that all instances of a polymorphic function act the same way.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In simple cases, the user can compute the path delay between elements manually. If the design is more than a dozen or so elements this is impractical. For example, the time delay along a path from the output of a D-Flip Flop, through combinatorial logic gates, then into the next D-Flip Flop input must satisfy (be less ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In recent years the model formulating approach of considering a "typical user" in cellular (or other) networks has been used considerably. This is, however, just a first approach which allows one to characterize only the spectral efficiency (or information rate) of the network. In other words, this approach captures th...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Over a perfect field of non-zero characteristic p, this quotient is the product of the a i {\displaystyle a_{i}} such that i is not a multiple of p. Further GCD computations and exact divisions allow computing the square-free factorization (see square-free factorization over a finite field). In characteristic zero, a b...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
However, the size of each table does not change, so both table and directory now have only 512 entries. Because this allows only one half of the entries of the original scheme, an extra level of hierarchy has been added, so CR3 now points physically to a Page Directory Pointer Table, a short table containing four point...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, especially homotopy theory, the mapping cone is a construction C f {\displaystyle C_{f}} of topology, analogous to a quotient space. It is also called the homotopy cofiber, and also notated C f {\displaystyle Cf} . Its dual, a fibration, is called the mapping fibre. The mapping cone can be understood to...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the field of Information theory Shannon entropy is defined to quantify the complexity of a distribution p as p log ⁡ p {\displaystyle p\log p\,} . Therefore, higher entropy means p is more complex hence more unpredictable. To measure the complexity of an image region { x , R } {\displaystyle \{x,R\}} around point x ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In physics, it is conventional to denote a Lorentz transformation Λ ∈ SO + ⁡ ( 1 , 3 ) {\displaystyle \Lambda \in \operatorname {SO} ^{+}(1,3)} as Λ μ ν , {\displaystyle {\Lambda ^{\mu }}_{\nu }~,} thus showing the matrix with spacetime indexes μ , ν = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3. {\displaystyle \mu ,\nu =0,1,2,3.} A four-vector can...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, a plane is a two-dimensional space or flat surface that extends indefinitely. A plane is the two-dimensional analogue of a point (zero dimensions), a line (one dimension) and three-dimensional space. When working exclusively in two-dimensional Euclidean space, the definite article is used, so the Euclid...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In number theory, a branch of mathematics, the Carmichael function λ(n) of a positive integer n is the smallest positive integer m such that a m ≡ 1 ( mod n ) {\displaystyle a^{m}\equiv 1{\pmod {n}}} holds for every integer a coprime to n. In algebraic terms, λ(n) is the exponent of the multiplicative group of integers...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
The most prominent of these models has been the Penn Discourse Treebank (PDTB). PDTB is focusing on the annotation of discourse cues (discourse markers, discourse connectives), which are assigned an internal argument (to which the discourse marker is attached), an external argument (target or attachment point of the re...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
It was an upgrade path for users who had outgrown the IBM System/3. It ran Cobol-74, RPG2, Fortran, and Assembler. The instruction set of the 90/xx series was implemented in microcode and was loaded into control storage as part of the boot up process, before loading the operating system.Shortly after the 90/30 was intr...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
A common variant on the RISC design employs the Harvard architecture, versus Von Neumann architecture or stored program architecture common to most other designs. In a Harvard Architecture machine, the program and data occupy separate memory devices and can be accessed simultaneously. In Von Neumann machines, the data ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In these examples, the ranks are assigned to values in ascending order. (In some other cases, descending ranks are used.) Ranks are related to the indexed list of order statistics, which consists of the original dataset rearranged into ascending order.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In order to factor using algebra tiles, one has to start out with a set of tiles that the student combines into a rectangle, this may require the use of adding zero pairs in order to make the rectangular shape. An example would be where one is given one positive x2 tile, three positive x tiles, and two positive unit ti...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In order to bound the time complexity of the algorithm, we must analyze the number of push and relabel operations which occur within the main loop. The numbers of relabel, saturating push and nonsaturating push operations are analyzed separately. In the algorithm, the relabel operation can be performed at most (2| V | ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
And edges connect different types of nodes (i.e. actors to movies) if they have a relationship (actors in a movie). Initially the network was found to have a small-world property. Afterwards, it was discovered that it exhibits a scale-free (power-law) behavior.The parlor game of Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon involves find...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In terms of integer operations, the PRISM architecture was similar to the MIPS designs. Of the 32-bits in the instructions, the 6 highest and 5 lowest bits were the instruction, leaving the other 21 bits of the word for encoding either a constant or register locations. Sixty-four 32-bit registers were included, as oppo...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the domain of computer vision, efforts have been made to model the mechanism of human attention, especially the bottom-up intentional mechanism and its semantic significance in classification of video contents. Both spatial attention and temporal attention have been incorporated in such classification efforts. Gener...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In terms of components, let A = A i d x i , {\displaystyle A=A_{i}dx^{i},} where d x i {\displaystyle dx^{i}} is the standard one-form coordinate bases on the cotangent bundle T*M. Inserting into the above, and expanding, one obtains (using the summation convention): F = 1 2 ( ∂ A j ∂ x i − ∂ A i ∂ x j + ) d x i ∧ d x...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
However, they are only assumed identical or nearly identical in musical set theory. Sets are said to be inversionally symmetrical if they map onto themselves under inversion. The pitch that the sets must be inverted around is said to be the axis of symmetry (or center).
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Find k ∈ Z {\displaystyle k\in \mathbb {Z} } such that p = r + k ⋅ q {\displaystyle p=r+k\cdot q} is a P {\displaystyle P} -bit prime with p ≡ 2 mod 3 {\displaystyle p\equiv 2\ {\text{mod}}\ 3} .Correctness of Algorithm A:It remains to check that q ∣ p 2 − p + 1 {\displaystyle q\mid p^{2}-p+1} because all the other nec...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the background there is an update stream that runs a series of insert/delete operations (one pair for each query user). The choice of the number of users is at the discretion of the test sponsor. The throughput metric is computed as the total amount of work (S×17), converted to hours from seconds (3600 seconds per h...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
To generate this distribution experimentally, we have to repeat the experiment until it happens to give n balls. If we want to fix the value of n prior to the experiment then we have to take the balls one by one until we have n balls. The balls are therefore no longer independent.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In probability and statistics, an elliptical distribution is any member of a broad family of probability distributions that generalize the multivariate normal distribution. Intuitively, in the simplified two and three dimensional case, the joint distribution forms an ellipse and an ellipsoid, respectively, in iso-densi...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the Hermite polynomial Hen(x) of variance 1, the absolute value of the coefficient of xk is the number of (unordered) partitions of an n-element set into k singletons and n − k/2 (unordered) pairs. Equivalently, it is the number of involutions of an n-element set with precisely k fixed points, or in other words, the...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
While classes are suitable to represent a population of individuals, metaclasses can, as one of their feature, be used to represent the conceptual dimension of an ontology. Metaclasses are supported in the ontology language OWL and the data-modeling vocabulary RDFS. Metaclasses are often modeled by setting them as the ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the United Kingdom, the term "back-to-back agreement" refers to an NDA entered into with a third party who legitimately receives confidential information, putting them under similar non-disclosure obligations as the initial party granted the information. Case law in a 2013 Court of Appeal decision (Dorchester Projec...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the fields of computational linguistics and applied linguistics, a morphological dictionary is a linguistic resource that contains correspondences between surface form and lexical forms of words. Surface forms of words are those found in natural language text. The corresponding lexical form of a surface form is the ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Store: Data-collection or some sort of material. Flow: Movement of data or material in the process. External Entity: External to the modeled system, but interacts with it.Now, with these symbols, a process can be represented as a network of these symbols. This decomposed process is a DFD, data flow diagram. In Dynamic ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
With object-oriented programming the memory objects are often stored dynamically on the heap but modern operating systems use address space layout randomization (ASLR). Therefore, the only way to modify such memory in a reproducible manner is to get information from inside the game process. This requires reverse engine...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
This problem has initialized a significant effort in developing automated detection methods for misinformation on social media platforms.Social media platforms allow for easy spread of misinformation. The specific reasons why misinformation spreads through social media so easily remain unknown. A 2018 study of Twitter ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, Kuiper's theorem (after Nicolaas Kuiper) is a result on the topology of operators on an infinite-dimensional, complex Hilbert space H. It states that the space GL(H) of invertible bounded endomorphisms of H is such that all maps from any finite complex Y to GL(H) are homotopic to a constant, for the nor...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In network science, the strength notated as si of a node i is defined as si = Σjwij, where wij is the weight of the link between i and j. In order to apply the disparity filter algorithm without overlooking nodes with low strength, a normalized weight pij is defined as pij = wij/si. In the null model, the normalized we...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the case where a parametrized family has a location parameter, a slightly different definition is often used as follows. If we denote the location parameter by m {\displaystyle m} , and the scale parameter by s {\displaystyle s} , then we require that F ( x ; s , m , θ ) = F ( ( x − m ) / s ; 1 , 0 , θ ) {\displayst...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the examination of individual scripts, the study of writing systems has developed along partially independent lines. Thus, the terminology employed differs somewhat from field to field.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Some terminals and editing programs could not deal with double-byte characters starting at odd columns, only even ones (some could not even put double-byte and single-byte characters in the same line). So the DBCS sets generally included Roman characters and digits also, for use alongside the CJK characters in the same...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In software engineering, these activities are known as software maintenance (cf. ISO/IEC 9126). Closely related concepts in the software engineering domain are evolvability, modifiability, technical debt, and code smells. The maintainability index is calculated with certain formulae from lines-of-code measures, McCabe ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In proof theory, the semantic tableau (; plural: tableaux, also called truth tree) is a decision procedure for sentential and related logics, and a proof procedure for formulae of first-order logic. An analytic tableau is a tree structure computed for a logical formula, having at each node a subformula of the original ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
An algorithm is a formal procedure in which each step is clearly defined. It guarantees success if applied correctly. The long multiplication usually taught in school is an example of an algorithm for solving the problem of multiplying big numbers.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, a ranked partially ordered set or ranked poset may be either: a graded poset, or a poset with the property that for every element x, all maximal chains among those with x as greatest element have the same finite length, or a poset in which all maximal chains have the same finite length.The second defini...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Many other shock-related changes take place within both impactor and target as the shock wave passes through, and some of these changes can be used as diagnostic tools to determine whether particular geological features were produced by impact cratering.As the shock wave decays, the shocked region decompresses towards ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In occupational health and safety, a tagging system is a system of recording and displaying the status of a machine or equipment, enabling staff to view whether it is in working order. It is a product of industry-specific legislation which sets safety standards for a particular piece of equipment, involving inspection,...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In some circumstances, the "pre-" in preadaptation can be interpreted as applying, for non-teleological reasons, prior to the adaptation itself, creating a meaning for the term that is distinct from exaptation. For example, future environments (say, hotter or drier ones), may resemble those already encountered by a pop...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
{\displaystyle n=1,2,...} , to converge to a minimum, provided such a minimum exists and p n {\displaystyle \mathbf {p} _{n}} is selected appropriately in each step. For gradient descent, p n {\displaystyle \mathbf {p} _{n}} is selected as − ∇ f ( x n ) {\displaystyle -\nabla f(\mathbf {x} _{n})} . The value of α j {\d...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
A page table maps virtual memory to physical memory. There may be a single page table, a page table for each process, a page table for each segment, or a hierarchy of page tables, depending on the architecture and the OS. The page tables are usually invisible to the process.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In subjective testing, implicit learning occurs when participants who show above chance performance have no knowledge of their judgements. Subjects who are theorized to have no knowledge of their judgements generally are convinced that their judgements are guesses and will have an accuracy rate that has little correlat...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In numerical analysis, the Schur complement method, named after Issai Schur, is the basic and the earliest version of non-overlapping domain decomposition method, also called iterative substructuring. A finite element problem is split into non-overlapping subdomains, and the unknowns in the interiors of the subdomains ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In number theory, Zsigmondy's theorem, named after Karl Zsigmondy, states that if a > b > 0 {\displaystyle a>b>0} are coprime integers, then for any integer n ≥ 1 {\displaystyle n\geq 1} , there is a prime number p (called a primitive prime divisor) that divides a n − b n {\displaystyle a^{n}-b^{n}} and does not divide...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics and logic, plural quantification is the theory that an individual variable x may take on plural, as well as singular, values. As well as substituting individual objects such as Alice, the number 1, the tallest building in London etc. for x, we may substitute both Alice and Bob, or all the numbers between...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In post-quantum cryptography, ring learning with errors (RLWE) is a computational problem which serves as the foundation of new cryptographic algorithms, such as NewHope, designed to protect against cryptanalysis by quantum computers and also to provide the basis for homomorphic encryption. Public-key cryptography reli...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
There are two main approaches. In languages with declaration-site variance annotations (e.g., C#), the programmer annotates the definition of a generic type with the intended variance of its type parameters. With use-site variance annotations (e.g., Java), the programmer instead annotates the places where a generic typ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
The main reasons for unsuccessful call setups in mobile networks are lack of radio coverage (either in the downlink or the uplink), radio interference between different subscribers, imperfections in the functioning of the network (such as failed call setup redirect procedures), overload of the different elements of the...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, the order polytope of a finite partially ordered set is a convex polytope defined from the set. The points of the order polytope are the monotonic functions from the given set to the unit interval, its vertices correspond to the upper sets of the partial order, and its dimension is the number of element...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
This smaller design, the Cell Broadband Engine or Cell/BE was fabricated using a 90 nm SOI process.In March 2007, IBM announced that the 65 nm version of Cell/BE is in production at its plant (at the time, now GlobalFoundries') in East Fishkill, New York, with Bandai Namco Entertainment using the Cell/BE processor for ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In more advanced areas of mathematics, when viewing Euclidean space as a vector space, its distance is associated with a norm called the Euclidean norm, defined as the distance of each vector from the origin. One of the important properties of this norm, relative to other norms, is that it remains unchanged under arbit...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
The practice of integrity management consultancy combines numerous disciplines including established Knowledge Acquisition Methodologies, Public Relations Practices, Business Risk Management techniques, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Compliance functions, Insider Threat detection and Financial expertise to help...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, the additive identity of a set that is equipped with the operation of addition is an element which, when added to any element x in the set, yields x. One of the most familiar additive identities is the number 0 from elementary mathematics, but additive identities occur in other mathematical structures w...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In statistics, the Box–Cox distribution (also known as the power-normal distribution) is the distribution of a random variable X for which the Box–Cox transformation on X follows a truncated normal distribution. It is a continuous probability distribution having probability density function (pdf) given by f ( y ) = 1 (...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, a 2-valued morphism is a homomorphism that sends a Boolean algebra B onto the two-element Boolean algebra 2 = {0,1}. It is essentially the same thing as an ultrafilter on B, and, in a different way, also the same things as a maximal ideal of B. 2-valued morphisms have also been proposed as a tool for un...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In multithreaded computing, the ABA problem occurs during synchronization, when a location is read twice, has the same value for both reads, and the read value being the same twice is used to conclude that nothing has happened in the interim; however, another thread can execute between the two reads and change the valu...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
If that sum of squares is divided by n, the number of observations, the result is the mean of the squared residuals. Since this is a biased estimate of the variance of the unobserved errors, the bias is removed by dividing the sum of the squared residuals by df = n − p − 1, instead of n, where df is the number of degre...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
If neighborhood searched is limited to just one or a very small number of changes from the current solution, then it can be difficult to escape from local minima, even with additional meta-heuristic techniques such as Simulated Annealing or Tabu search. In large neighborhood search techniques, the possible changes from...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
An example from linear algebra is the multiplicative monoid of real square matrices of order n (called the full linear monoid). The map which sends a matrix to its transpose is an involution because the transpose is well defined for any matrix and obeys the law (AB)T = BTAT, which has the same form of interaction with ...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
For each unit, its duties and responsibilities in response to each command are specified. This is analogous to establishing a work breakdown structure for a development project, or defining an organizational chart for a business or military operation. Step 3 specifies the processing that is triggered within each unit u...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In military munitions, a fuze (sometimes fuse) is the part of the device that initiates function. In some applications, such as torpedoes, a fuze may be identified by function as the exploder. The relative complexity of even the earliest fuze designs can be seen in cutaway diagrams.
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
Are the preconditions each necessary and collectively sufficient to reach the long-term outcomes and ultimate impact? Are there gaps in the logic?
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In the decision phase the following approaches are usually used: Fixed Threshold – In this approach, the scores are compared to a threshold which was set previously and if the score is higher than the threshold a cut is declared. Adaptive Threshold – In this approach, the scores are compared to a threshold which consid...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
: ch1 Four-vectors describe, for instance, position xμ in spacetime modeled as Minkowski space, a particle's four-momentum pμ, the amplitude of the electromagnetic four-potential Aμ(x) at a point x in spacetime, and the elements of the subspace spanned by the gamma matrices inside the Dirac algebra. The Lorentz group m...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In quantum physics, the mathematical notion is usually applied to representations of the gauge group. For example, an SU ( 2 ) {\displaystyle {\text{SU}}(2)} gauge theory will have multiplets which are fields whose representation of SU ( 2 ) {\displaystyle {\text{SU}}(2)} is determined by the single half-integer number...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In order to transmit information, the continuous wave must be turned off and on with a telegraph key to produce the different length pulses, "dots" and "dashes", that spell out text messages in Morse code, so a "continuous wave" radiotelegraphy signal consists of pulses of sine waves with a constant amplitude intersper...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
In mathematics, a group G is called the direct sum of two normal subgroups with trivial intersection if it is generated by the subgroups. In abstract algebra, this method of construction of groups can be generalized to direct sums of vector spaces, modules, and other structures; see the article direct sum of modules fo...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus
This theorem is one of the main reasons why 1 is not considered a prime number: if 1 were prime, then factorization into primes would not be unique; for example, 2 = 2 ⋅ 1 = 2 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 = … {\displaystyle 2=2\cdot 1=2\cdot 1\cdot 1=\ldots } The theorem generalizes to other algebraic structures that are called unique fact...
https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus