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The fastest 3G-based standard in the UMTS family is the HSPA+ standard, which has been commercially available since 2009 and offers 21 Mbit/s downstream (11 Mbit/s upstream) without MIMO, i.e. with only one antenna, and in 2011 accelerated up to 42 Mbit/s peak bit rate downstream using either DC-HSPA+ (simultaneous use... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, a square root of a number x is a number y such that y 2 = x {\displaystyle y^{2}=x} ; in other words, a number y whose square (the result of multiplying the number by itself, or y ⋅ y {\displaystyle y\cdot y} ) is x. For example, 4 and −4 are square roots of 16 because 4 2 = ( − 4 ) 2 = 16 {\displaystyl... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. It is a fundamental property of many binary operations, and many mathematical proofs depend on it. Most familiar as the name of the property that says something like "3 + 4 = 4 + 3" or "2 × 5 = 5 × 2", th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The above results may be summarized in the following table. Each cell represents a subshell, and lists the values of m ℓ {\displaystyle m_{\ell }} available in that subshell. Empty cells represent subshells that do not exist. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Teamwork offers different perspectives, and each member may have a different way of handling the project. By sharing ideas, teams can produce better quality work than if the project was done by an individual. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Such a combination of proteins is also called a light-harvesting complex.Although all cells in the green parts of a plant have chloroplasts, the majority of those are found in specially adapted structures called leaves. Certain species adapted to conditions of strong sunlight and aridity, such as many Euphorbia and cac... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematical logic, the Scott–Curry theorem is a result in lambda calculus stating that if two non-empty sets of lambda terms A and B are closed under beta-convertibility then they are recursively inseparable. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the 1990s, Noam Elkies, followed by A. O. L. Atkin, devised improvements to Schoof's basic algorithm by restricting the set of primes S = { l 1 , … , l s } {\displaystyle S=\{l_{1},\ldots ,l_{s}\}} considered before to primes of a certain kind. These came to be called Elkies primes and Atkin primes respectively. A p... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics — specifically, in Riemannian geometry — geodesic convexity is a natural generalization of convexity for sets and functions to Riemannian manifolds. It is common to drop the prefix "geodesic" and refer simply to "convexity" of a set or function. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Finally, supervenience claims typically involve some modal force, however, the way that modal force is specified depends on which more specific variety of supervenience one decides upon (see below). (1) and (2) are sometimes called "schemata" because they do not correspond to actual supervenience relations until the se... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This was the beginning of a new field of mathematics now called analysis. Though not itself a branch of geometry, it is applicable to geometry, and it solved two families of problems that had long been almost intractable: finding tangent lines to odd curves, and finding areas enclosed by those curves. The methods of ca... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the United States, there are five levels of flooding. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In some cultures of the South Pacific, life is believed to leave a person's body when they are sick or asleep, making for multiple "deaths" in the span of one lifetime. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In media where italicization is not possible, alternatives are used as substitutes: In typewritten or handwritten text, underlining is typically used. In plain-text computer files, including e-mail communication, italicised words are often indicated by surrounding them with slashes or other matched delimiters. For exam... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In particular, it must be relatively prime to the order of the group, if the group is finite. If the group is abelian, any powering index works. If the powering index 2 or -1 works, then the group is abelian.The group of power automorphisms commutes with the group of inner automorphisms when viewed as subgroups of the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In statistics, mean absolute error (MAE) is a measure of errors between paired observations expressing the same phenomenon. Examples of Y versus X include comparisons of predicted versus observed, subsequent time versus initial time, and one technique of measurement versus an alternative technique of measurement. MAE i... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Many X10 protocol charts represent this start code as "1110", but it is important to realize that is in terms of zero crossings, not data bits. Immediately after the start code, a 4-bit house code (normally represented by the letters A to P on interface units) appears, and after the house code comes a 5-bit function co... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Finally, eight registers (g0 through g7) are globally visible to all procedure levels. The AMD 29000 improved the design by allowing the windows to be of variable size, which helps utilization in the common case where fewer than eight registers are needed for a call. It also separated the registers into a global set of... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the fields of science and engineering, the accuracy of a measurement system is the degree of closeness of measurements of a quantity to that quantity's true value. The precision of a measurement system, related to reproducibility and repeatability, is the degree to which repeated measurements under unchanged conditi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
For two groups with general monotone valuations, there always exists a 1/2-democratic envy-free-except-1 allocation, and it can be found by an efficient algorithm. For three or more groups with binary additive valuations, there always exists a 1/k-democratic envy-free-except-1 allocation; with general monotone valuatio... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the Japanese kantenji braille, the standard 8-dot Braille patterns 7, 17, 47, and 147 are the patterns related to Braille pattern dots-3, since the two additional dots of kantenji patterns 03, 37, and 037 are placed above the base 6-dot cell, instead of below, as in standard 8-dot braille. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In six-dimensional geometry, a uniform 6-polytope is a six-dimensional uniform polytope. A uniform polypeton is vertex-transitive, and all facets are uniform 5-polytopes. The complete set of convex uniform 6-polytopes has not been determined, but most can be made as Wythoff constructions from a small set of symmetry gr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
More precisely, if you start at any node in the network and form the set of all nodes at distance d {\displaystyle d} or less from that starting node, the set will, with probability tending to 1 as n → ∞, take the form of a tree. In tree-like structures, the number of second neighbors averaged over the whole network, c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In statistics, quality assurance, and survey methodology, sampling is the selection of a subset or a statistical sample (termed sample for short) of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population. Statisticians attempt to collect samples that are representative of t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the context of coding theory, D KL ( P ∥ Q ) {\displaystyle D_{\text{KL}}(P\parallel Q)} can be constructed by measuring the expected number of extra bits required to code samples from P {\displaystyle P} using a code optimized for Q {\displaystyle Q} rather than the code optimized for P {\displaystyle P} . | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In supervised learning, one is given a set of training examples X 1 … X n {\displaystyle X_{1}\ldots X_{n}} with labels y 1 … y n {\displaystyle y_{1}\ldots y_{n}} , and wishes to predict y n + 1 {\displaystyle y_{n+1}} given X n + 1 {\displaystyle X_{n+1}} . To do so one forms a hypothesis, f {\displaystyle f} , such ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In statistics, Welch's t-test, or unequal variances t-test, is a two-sample location test which is used to test the (null) hypothesis that two populations have equal means. It is named for its creator, Bernard Lewis Welch, is an adaptation of Student's t-test, and is more reliable when the two samples have unequal vari... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In robotics, the manipulability ellipsoid is the geometric interpretation of the scaled eigenvectors resulting from the singular value decomposition of the jacobian that describes a robot's motion. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In programming, instrumentation means: Profiling: measuring dynamic program behaviors during a training run with a representative input. This is useful for properties of a program that cannot be analyzed statically with sufficient precision, such as alias analysis. Inserting timers into functions. Logging major events ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, an integral polytope has an associated Ehrhart polynomial that encodes the relationship between the volume of a polytope and the number of integer points the polytope contains. The theory of Ehrhart polynomials can be seen as a higher-dimensional generalization of Pick's theorem in the Euclidean plane. ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Remote call forwarding is also a means for a suburban business to obtain a city-centre local number (with its full large-city coverage area) for inbound calls; while cheaper than a foreign exchange line, this can reduce long-distance telephony costs in markets where local calls are flat-rated but trunk calls are expens... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
For example, on the System/370 Model 158, the keyboard sequence 0-7-X (zero, seven and X, in that order) results in an IPL from the device address which was keyed into the input area. The Amdahl 470V/6 and related CPUs supported four hexadecimal digits on those CPUs which had the optional second channel unit installed,... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A formal language begins with different types of symbols. These types can include variables, operators, function symbols, predicate (or relation) symbols, quantifiers, and propositional constants. (Grouping symbols such as delimiters are often added for convenience in using the language, but do not play a logical role.... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In prose writing, twelve, being the last single-syllable numeral, is sometimes taken as the last number to be written as a word, and 13 the first to be written using digits. This is not a binding rule, and in English language tradition, it is sometimes recommended to spell out numbers up to and including either nine, t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This random tree has several equivalent definitions and constructions: using sub-trees generated by finitely many leaves, using a Brownian excursion, Poisson separating a straight line or as a limit of Galton-Watson trees. Intuitively, the Brownian tree is a binary tree whose nodes (or branching points) are dense in th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Researchers note that a password based protocol with mutual authentication is important because user identities and passwords are still protected, as the messages are only readable to the two parties involved.However, a negative aspect about password-based authentication is that password tables can take up a lot of mem... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This would give a model perplexity of 2190 per sentence. However, it is more common to normalize for sentence length. Thus, if the test sample's sentences comprised a total of 1,000 words, and could be coded using 7.95 bits per word, one could report a model perplexity of 27.95 = 247 per word. In other words, the model... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the case of deconvolution of seismic data, the original unknown signal is made of spikes hence is possible to characterize with sparsity constraints or regularizations such as l1 norm/l2 norm norm ratios, suggested by W. C. Gray in 1978. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The spectral characteristics of these areas are used to train the remote sensing software using decision rules for classifying the rest of the image. These decision rules such as Maximum Likelihood Classification, Parallelopiped Classification, and Minimum Distance Classification offer different techniques to classify ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The general linear groups PGL(2,q) are imperfect for q an odd prime power. For any group H, the wreath product H wr Sym2 of H with the symmetric group on two points is imperfect. In particular, every group can be embedded as a two-step subnormal subgroup of an imperfect group of roughly the same cardinality (2|H|2). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In order to substantiate an athlete's or team's improvements, progress must be monitored. During the monitoring step feedback is provided and the necessary adjustments follow thereafter. It is important to remember this is a feedback loop and operates in a manner that the feedback feeds into adjustments made and vice v... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Due to the nature of our value function’s different slopes for gains and losses, our utility is maximized in different ways, depending on how we code the four kinds of transactions x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} (as gains or as losses):1) Multiple gains: x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} are both... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In one sense, DRT offers a variation of first-order predicate calculus—its forms are pairs of first-order formulae and the free variables that occur in them. In traditional natural language semantics, only individual sentences are examined, but the context of a dialogue plays a role in meaning as well. For example, ana... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics and computer science, the Entscheidungsproblem (German for 'decision problem'; pronounced ) is a challenge posed by David Hilbert and Wilhelm Ackermann in 1928. The problem asks for an algorithm that considers, as input, a statement and answers "yes" or "no" according to whether the statement is universa... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Subscribing organisations are expected to provide relevant data to maintain the common data pool.Credit reference agencies are bound by the Data Protection Act 2018, which requires that data relating to identifiable individuals must be accurate, relevant, held for a proper purpose and not out-of-date, and gives individ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This is one case where they go beyond merely ensuring integrity, and with some reactive security mechanisms, may actually prevent the malicious activity, e.g. by dropping all packets containing the honeytoken at the router. However, such mechanisms have pitfalls because it might cause serious problems if the honeytoken... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The "topics" produced by topic modeling techniques are clusters of similar words. A topic model captures this intuition in a mathematical framework, which allows examining a set of documents and discovering, based on the statistics of the words in each, what the topics might be and what each document's balance of topic... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, a Cayley graph, also known as a Cayley color graph, Cayley diagram, group diagram, or color group, is a graph that encodes the abstract structure of a group. Its definition is suggested by Cayley's theorem (named after Arthur Cayley), and uses a specified set of generators for the group. It is a central... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, a closure operator on a set S is a function cl: P ( S ) → P ( S ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {cl} :{\mathcal {P}}(S)\rightarrow {\mathcal {P}}(S)} from the power set of S to itself that satisfies the following conditions for all sets X , Y ⊆ S {\displaystyle X,Y\subseteq S} Closure operators are deter... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Numerous methods exist to compute descent directions, all with differing merits, such as gradient descent or the conjugate gradient method. More generally, if P {\displaystyle P} is a positive definite matrix, then p k = − P ∇ f ( x k ) {\displaystyle p_{k}=-P\nabla f(x_{k})} is a descent direction at x k {\displaystyl... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In scrum, the term developer or team member refers to anyone who plays a role in the development and support of the product and can include researchers, architects, designers, programmers, etc. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
For example, a realizer for the proposition "A implies B" is a computable function that takes a realizer for A, and uses it to compute a realizer for B. Realizability models characterize realizers for propositions in terms of their visible behavior, and not in terms of their internal structure. Girard shows that for se... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the efforts-expended method, the share of effort consumed to date is compared to the total effort expected for the project. For example, the completion percentage may be established on direct work hours, machine hours, or quantities of material. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
, which at least chooses a minimum-expected-loss action δ ( x ) {\displaystyle \delta (x)\!\,} for those x {\displaystyle x\,\!} for which a finite-expected-loss action does exist. In addition, a generalized Bayes rule may be desirable because it must choose a minimum-expected-loss action δ ( x ) {\displaystyle \delta ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
However, descriptions of the elements of a smart television can be found in public discourse from the beginning of the 1980s, if not earlier, with the introduction of videotex services, particularly teletext information for reception by television sets, leading commentators to consider that televisions and accessories ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In modern Gaelic, person inflections have almost disappeared, but the negative and interrogative are marked by distinctive forms. In Irish, particularly in the south, person inflections are still very common for the tá/bhí series. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A similar system, known as Emergency Alert, is used in Australia to notify the public of impending disasters through both SMS and landline phone calls. These messages can be sent based on either the location of the phone or the address to which the handset is registered. In the early 2020s, device manufacturers have be... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The purpose of this directive is to prevent the production of waste electronics and also to encourage reuse and recycling of such waste. The directive requires the Member States to encourage design and production methods that take into account the future dismantling and recovery of their products. These take-back progr... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The motive behind the project was to provide the utility of a smartphone in a simplistic and less dynamic delivery. Moreover, other projects have focused on building second phones with less functionality, or putting human nature and design above technology. Some critics disagree with Google's approach to the digital de... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In order to prove the HSW coding theorem, we really just need a few basic things from quantum mechanics. First, a quantum state is a unit trace, positive operator known as a density operator. Usually, we denote it by ρ {\displaystyle \rho } , σ {\displaystyle \sigma } , ω {\displaystyle \omega } , etc. The simplest mod... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, more precisely in formal language theory, the profinite words are a generalization of the notion of finite words into a complete topological space. This notion allows the use of topology to study languages and finite semigroups. For example, profinite words are used to give an alternative characterizati... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematical statistics, a random variable X is standardized by subtracting its expected value E {\displaystyle \operatorname {E} } and dividing the difference by its standard deviation σ ( X ) = Var ( X ): {\displaystyle \sigma (X)={\sqrt {\operatorname {Var} (X)}}:} Z = X − E σ ( X ) {\displaystyle Z={X-\o... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Sometimes it is enough to prove negligence, while in other cases a more serious fault is required. Thus, anyone who unlawfully interferes, intentionally or through recklessness, with the life, body, health, freedom or property of others is liable to others to repair the resulting damage. On the other hand, less protect... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
When the learner knows the conditional probability, then one solution is: C ^ B ( x ) = arg max k ∈ { 1... K } P ( C k | X = x ) {\displaystyle {\hat {C}}_{B}(x)=\arg \max _{k\in \{1...K\}}P(C_{k}|X=x)} This solution is known as the Bayes classifier. The corresponding expected Prediction Error is called the Bayes err... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In quantum mechanics, the Kochen–Specker (KS) theorem, also known as the Bell–Kochen–Specker theorem, is a "no-go" theorem proved by John S. Bell in 1966 and by Simon B. Kochen and Ernst Specker in 1967. It places certain constraints on the permissible types of hidden-variable theories, which try to explain the predict... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In number theory, an equidigital number is a natural number in a given number base that has the same number of digits as the number of digits in its prime factorization in the given number base, including exponents but excluding exponents equal to 1. For example, in base 10, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 (2 × 5) are equidigita... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Some versions of coordinate descent randomly pick a different coordinate direction each iteration. Random-restart hill climbing is a meta-algorithm built on top of the hill climbing algorithm. It is also known as Shotgun hill climbing. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In social network analysis and mathematical sociology, interpersonal ties are defined as information-carrying connections between people. Interpersonal ties, generally, come in three varieties: strong, weak or absent. Weak social ties, it is argued, are responsible for the majority of the embeddedness and structure of ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In political/economic theory, notably socialist, Marxist, and many anarchist philosophies, the distinction between private and personal property is an important one. In capitalism private and personal property are considered to be of equal importance and significance without the need for making a distinction. Personal ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In number theory, Bonse's inequality, named after H. Bonse, relates the size of a primorial to the smallest prime that does not appear in its prime factorization. It states that if p1, ..., pn, pn+1 are the smallest n + 1 prime numbers and n ≥ 4, then p n # = p 1 ⋯ p n > p n + 1 2 . {\displaystyle p_{n}\#=p_{1}\cdots p... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
It is an example of an algorithm, a step-by-step procedure for performing a calculation according to well-defined rules, and is one of the oldest algorithms in common use. It can be used to reduce fractions to their simplest form, and is a part of many other number-theoretic and cryptographic calculations. The Euclidea... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, particularly linear algebra, a zero matrix is a matrix with all its entries being zero. It is alternately denoted by the symbol O {\displaystyle O} . Some examples of zero matrices are 0 1 , 1 = , 0 2 , 2 = , 0 2 , 3 = , {\displaystyle 0_{1,1}={\begin{bmatrix}0\end{bmatrix}},\ 0_{2,2}={\begin{bmatrix... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics and statistics, Skorokhod's representation theorem is a result that shows that a weakly convergent sequence of probability measures whose limit measure is sufficiently well-behaved can be represented as the distribution/law of a pointwise convergent sequence of random variables defined on a common probab... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Neumann (1935), G.A. Miller (1935), and J.A. de Séguier (1904). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In either case, the PC would display an error message and halt. Some later PC clones used an NMI to conceal the hardware differences from that of a standard PC. On such computers, an NMI would be generated when a program attempted to access incompatible hardware. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In practice, the tests are run once or twice per week during the entire development cycle, using three to five test subjects per round, and with the results delivered within 24 hours to the designers. The number of users actually tested over the course of the project can thus easily reach 50 to 100 people. Research sho... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, an index set is a set whose members label (or index) members of another set. For instance, if the elements of a set A may be indexed or labeled by means of the elements of a set J, then J is an index set. The indexing consists of a surjective function from J onto A, and the indexed collection is typical... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Some examples of algorithms used are Filterbank, adjacent orientation vector (AOV) system, and correlation-filter. Filterbank requires whole fingerprints and cannot identify just the tips of the finger since it uses both the local and overall structure. The algorithm works by selecting a region of interest and dividing... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, topology (from the Greek words τόπος, 'place, location', and λόγος, 'study') is concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling, and bending; that is, without closing holes, opening holes, tearing, gluing, or p... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Categorical data is the statistical data type consisting of categorical variables or of data that has been converted into that form, for example as grouped data. More specifically, categorical data may derive from observations made of qualitative data that are summarised as counts or cross tabulations, or from observat... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
"Surveys in the academic community have shown NLP to be widely discredited among scientists. Among the reasons for considering NLP a pseudoscience are that evidence in favor of it is limited to anecdotes and personal testimony, that it is not informed by scientific understanding of neuroscience and linguistics, and tha... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The two codes C 1 {\displaystyle \mathbf {C_{1}} } and C 2 {\displaystyle \mathbf {C_{2}} } can be constructed as subcodes of the ( 7 , 4 , 3 ) {\displaystyle (7,4,3)} Hamming code and thus has minimum distance of 3 {\displaystyle 3} . Given the generator matrix G {\displaystyle \mathbf {G} } of the original Hamming co... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In some languages, a pointer can reference executable code, i.e., it can point to a function, method, or procedure. A function pointer will store the address of a function to be invoked. While this facility can be used to call functions dynamically, it is often a favorite technique of virus and other malicious software... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Unlike other Indo-European languages, in Slavic languages tense is independent of aspect, with imperfective and perfective aspects being indicated instead by means of prefixes, stem changes, or suppletion. In many West Slavic and East Slavic languages, the early Slavic past tenses have largely merged into a single past... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the Bayesian network below, X {\displaystyle X\,\!} and Y {\displaystyle Y\,\!} are parent variables and Z {\displaystyle Z\,\!} is the child variable. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, especially in the area of abstract algebra known as combinatorial group theory, the word problem for a finitely generated group G is the algorithmic problem of deciding whether two words in the generators represent the same element. More precisely, if A is a finite set of generators for G then the word ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The theorems are those formulae B {\displaystyle B} such that ⊢ B {\displaystyle \vdash B} (with an empty left-hand side) is the conclusion of a valid proof. (In some presentations of natural deduction, the A i {\displaystyle A_{i}} s and the turnstile are not written down explicitly; instead a two-dimensional notation... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the field of telephony, quality of service was defined by the ITU in 1994. Quality of service comprises requirements on all the aspects of a connection, such as service response time, loss, signal-to-noise ratio, crosstalk, echo, interrupts, frequency response, loudness levels, and so on. A subset of telephony QoS i... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the area of modern algebra known as group theory, the McLaughlin group McL is a sporadic simple group of order 27 ⋅ 36 ⋅ 53 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 11 = 898,128,000 ≈ 9×108. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the Bayesian version of binary hypothesis testing one is interested in minimizing the average error probability under both hypothesis, assuming a prior probability of occurrence on each hypothesis. Let π 0 {\displaystyle \pi _{0}} denote the prior probability of hypothesis H 0 {\displaystyle H_{0}} . In this case th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In these examples, the (negative) least absolute remainder is obtained from the least positive remainder by subtracting 5, which is d. This holds in general. When dividing by d, either both remainders are positive and therefore equal, or they have opposite signs. If the positive remainder is r1, and the negative one is... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The set of positive matrices is a subset of all non-negative matrices. While such matrices are commonly found, the term is only occasionally used due to the possible confusion with positive-definite matrices, which are different. A matrix which is both non-negative and is positive semidefinite is called a doubly non-ne... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Since its initial sound is aspirated, it can be represented as , and the word's phonetic representation would then be . (The precise features shown in a phonetic representation depend on whether a narrow or broad transcription is used and which features the writer wishes to draw attention to in a particular context.) W... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In number theory, the parity problem refers to a limitation in sieve theory that prevents sieves from giving good estimates in many kinds of prime-counting problems. The problem was identified and named by Atle Selberg in 1949. Beginning around 1996, John Friedlander and Henryk Iwaniec developed some parity-sensitive s... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Pure type systems may obscure the distinction between types and terms and collapse the type hierarchy, as is the case with the calculus of constructions, but this is not generally the case, e.g. the simply typed lambda calculus allows only terms to depend on terms. Pure type systems were independently introduced by Ste... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This can make the distribution a useful overdispersed alternative to the Poisson distribution, for example for a robust modification of Poisson regression. In epidemiology, it has been used to model disease transmission for infectious diseases where the likely number of onward infections may vary considerably from indi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
They must be fitted with a speedometer and may not be used by children under 14.All three classes may be used on footways and cycle paths. Class 2 and 3 may be used on dual carriageways with a flashing amber beacon, and otherwise must comply with most other regulations pertaining to use of vehicles on the carriageway (... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In software development, obfuscation is the act of creating source or machine code that is difficult for humans or computers to understand. Like obfuscation in natural language, it may use needlessly roundabout expressions to compose statements. Programmers may deliberately obfuscate code to conceal its purpose (securi... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In particle physics, preons are hypothetical point particles, conceived of as sub-components of quarks and leptons. The word was coined by Jogesh Pati and Abdus Salam, in 1974. Interest in preon models peaked in the 1980s but has slowed, as the Standard Model of particle physics continues to describe physics mostly suc... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In bra–ket notation, this is typically denoted as ψ + = | + ⟩ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\psi }}_{+}=|+\rangle } , and ψ − = | − ⟩ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\psi }}_{-}=|-\rangle } . As above, kets and bras with the same label are interpreted as kets and bras corresponding to each other using the inner product. In... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
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