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Teacher: Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 ± 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Reason: The question is based on the following sentences from the passage (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia
Now, solve this instance: Currently there is no reliable medical treatment for aortic regurgitation (AR).', 'Thirty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats underwent creation of AR or sham operation. Treated rats were assigned to early or late institution of sildenafil therapy (100\xa0mg/kg/day) for a total of 10\xa0weeks. Treatment-effects were measured by serial echocardiography, invasive hemodynamic measurements, and tissue analysis.', 'Rats assigned to early treatment developed less remodeling than untreated rats. Thus, left ventricular (LV) dilation was blunted by sildenafil with end-systolic diameter being significantly smaller (6.6\xa0±\xa00.4 vs. 7.7\xa0±\xa00.4\xa0mm, respectively, p\xa0<\xa00.05). Also, LV wall thickness was significantly decreased in treated rats compared to controls (2.23\xa0±\xa00.08 vs. 2.16\xa0±\xa00.05\xa0mm, p\xa0<\xa00.01). Fractional shortening was improved by treatment (p\xa0<\xa00.05). Myocardial fibrosis was borderline decreased by treatment (p\xa0=\xa00.09). Akt was increased in treated compared to controls (p\xa0<\xa00.05).
Student:
|
Does sildenafil treatment attenuate ventricular remodeling in an experimental model of aortic regurgitation?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Collagen is the major structural protein of human dentin. Degradation of collagen by bacterial enzymes can facilitate microbial penetration, compromise structural/interfacial integrity, and lower resistance to fracture of dentin. We evaluated the ability of photodynamic therapy (PDT), bioactive chitosan nanoparticles (CSnp), or PDT in combination with CSnp to inhibit bacterial collagenase-mediated degradation of collagen.', 'Rat type 1 fibrillar collagen matrices were untreated or treated with 2.5% glutaraldehyde (GD), 2.5% GD followed by 1% CSnp, 1% CSnp, PDT (rose bengal activated with 540 nm light at 40 J/cm(2)), or 1% CSnp followed by PDT. Samples, except those used as untreated controls, were exposed to Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (125 CDU/mL) for 24 hours. The soluble digestion products were assessed by hydroxyproline assay, and the remaining adherent collagen was quantified by picrosirius red staining. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, immunoblotting, and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the interaction between CSnp/PDT with type 1 collagen. The data were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test.', 'As assessed by hydroxyproline release into the medium, collagen treated with CSnp, PDT, or a combination of CSnp and PDT exhibited less degradation than untreated controls (3.6-fold, 1.7-fold, and 7.9-fold reduction, respectively; P < .05). Compared with all other treatments, GD-treated collagen was the most resistant to collagenolytic degradation (239.6-fold reduction, P < .05). The abundance of post-treatment residual collagen, as measured by picrosirius red staining, was inversely related to the extent of collagen degradation. Analysis of collagen cross-links with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that PDT or GD treatments enhanced collagen cross-linking. Immunoblotting of sedimented CSnp indicated that CSnp and collagenase bound with low affinity. However, CSnp-bound collagenase showed a significant reduction in collagenolytic activity compared with controls (P < .05).
|
Do bioactive chitosan nanoparticles and photodynamic therapy inhibit collagen degradation in vitro?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
One example is below.
Q: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 ± 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
A: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Rationale: The question is based on the following sentences from the passage (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia
Q: To investigate the role of S100A3 and the effect of S100A3 inhibition on human castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells by using in vitro and in vivo functional assays.', 'Using human CRPC cells (PC3 and DU145), S100A3 expression levels were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. After S100A3-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (RNA) treatment, cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptotic cell fractions were evaluated by flow cytometry. The invasive properties of these cells and the expression pattern of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were assessed using transwell migration assays, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and gelatin zymography. Finally, the in vivo efficacy of S100A3 inhibition on human CRPC cells was investigated using human tumor xenograft models in nude mice.', 'Human CRPC cells showed overexpression of S100A3, and its suppression reduced cell viability owing to apoptotic cell death. Additionally, S100A3 inhibition decreased the invasiveness of human CRPC cells. Moreover, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were downregulated in PC3, whereas only MMP-9 was downregulated in D145 after S100A3 inhibition. In human CRPC xenograft models, we noted a marked reduction in tumor growth in mice injected with S100A3 short hairpin RNA-transfected PC3 and DU145 cells.
A:
|
Does s100A3 suppression inhibit in vitro and in vivo tumor growth and invasion of human castration-resistant prostate cancer cells?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Because of greater recognition and improved imaging capabilities, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are being diagnosed with increasing frequency. IPMNs of the main pancreatic duct cause symptoms and lead to pancreatitis. Side-branch (SB) IPMNs are thought to cause symptoms less frequently, and their association with pancreatitis is not well defined.', 'Our purpose was to ascertain whether an association exists between SB-IPMN and pancreatitis.', 'Single-center, retrospective study.', 'Academic medical center.', 'A total of 305 patients underwent EUS examinations between October 2002 and October 2006 for pancreatic cystic lesions.', 'The main outcome measure was the frequency of acute or chronic pancreatitis that was not procedurally related.', 'Thirty-two patients had SB-IPMNs, and 11 (34%) had pancreatitis. Three patients reported a single episode, and 8 patients reported having recurrent episodes of pancreatitis. Overall, 17 (53%) patients had symptoms possibly attributable to SB-IPMN. Female sex (73% vs 38%) and multiple pancreatic lesions (54% vs 24%) were more commonly seen in those with pancreatitis, but were not statistically significant factors. Larger cyst size or cyst fluid marker levels did not appear associated with pancreatitis occurrence. EUS-FNA demonstrated communication with the pancreatic duct in 94% and thick, mucinous fluid in 84%.
|
Is pancreatitis frequent among patients with side-branch intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia diagnosed by EUS?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
The yeast cell cycle is largely controlled by the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) Cdc28. Recent evidence suggests that both CDK complex stability as well as function during mitosis is determined by precise regulation of Swe1, a CDK inhibitory kinase and cyclin binding partner. A model of mitotic progression has been provided by study of filamentous yeast. When facing nutrient-limited conditions, Ras2-mediated PKA and MAPK signaling cascades induce a switch from round to filamentous morphology resulting in delayed mitotic progression.', 'To delineate how the dimorphic switch contributes to cell cycle regulation, temperature sensitive cdc28 mutants exhibiting constitutive filamentation were subjected to epistasis analyses with RAS2 signaling effectors. It was found that Swe1-mediated inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of Cdc28 during filamentous growth is in part mediated by Ras2 activation of PKA, but not Kss1-MAPK, signaling. This pathway is further influenced by Cks1, a conserved CDK-binding partner of elusive function with multiple proposed roles in CDK activation, transcriptional regulation and ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation.
|
Do morphogenesis signaling components influence cell cycle regulation by cyclin dependent kinase?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
One example: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 ± 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution is here: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Explanation: The question is based on the following sentences from the passage (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia
Now, solve this: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a prevalent and frequently lethal malignancy worldwide. Existence of treatment-resistant cancer stem cells is considered to be associated with tumor formation, recurrence and metastasis. Wnt/beta-catenin signal is one of the crucial signaling pathways for cancer stem cells. Wnt/beta-catenin signal inhibitor may reduce the population of cancer stem cells and improve therapeutic effects on the cancers.', 'The effects of three derivatives of Wnt/beta-catenin signal inhibitors, HC-1, IC-2 and PN3-13, which we recently developed, on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HSC2, were examined by luciferase reporter assay, WST assay, cell sorting assay and apoptosis assay.', 'The reporter assay showed that these small molecule compounds reduced Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional activity in HSC2 cells. Of these compounds, IC-2 and PN3-13 inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, whereas HC-1 did not at even higher concentrations. Notably, however, the cell-sorting assay revealed that HC-1 significantly reduces the CD44-positive population of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, compared to other compounds without affecting cell viability. In addition, HC-1 increases the cytotoxicity of HSC2 cells to 5-fluorouracil. The combination treatment of HC-1 with 5-fluorouracil significantly increased the apoptotic cells whereas treatment by either compound did not.
Solution:
|
Does wnt/Beta-Catenin Signal Inhibitor HC-1 sensitize Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells to 5-Fluorouracil through Reduction of CD44-Positive Population?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Q: Protocadherin-15 (PCDH15) is one of the five genes currently identified as being mutated in Usher 1 syndrome and defines Usher syndrome type 1F (USH1F). When PCDH15 was systematically analyzed for mutations in a cohort of USH1 patients, a number of deletions were found. Here we characterize these deletions as to extent, position, and breakpoints.', 'Microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses, used in a preliminary survey of an Usher cohort of 31 patients, revealed large deletions in three patients. These deletions were further characterized by semiquantitative PCR assays to narrow down the breakpoints.', 'The analysis of the three large deletions revealed that all six breakpoints are different. The breakpoint junction was identified in one patient and the four other breakpoints were mapped to 4 kb. There were no specific distinguishing features of the isolated breakpoints.
A:
|
Are large genomic rearrangements within the PCDH15 gene a significant cause of USH1F syndrome?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Example Input: Sigma-1 receptors are involved in the pathophysiological process of several neuropsychiatric diseases such as epilepsy, depression. Allosteric modulation represents an important mechanism for receptor functional regulation. In this study, we examined antidepressant activity of the latest identified novel and selective allosteric modulator of sigma-1 receptor 3-methyl-phenyl-2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydro-1H-benzo[d]azepin-7-ol (SOMCL-668).', 'A single administration of SOMCL-668 decreased the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) and tailing suspended test in mice, which were abolished by pretreatment of sigma-1 receptor antagonist BD1047. In the chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) model, chronic application of SOMCL-668 rapidly ameliorated anhedonia-like behavior (within a week), accompanying with the enhanced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) (Ser-9) in the hippocampus. SOMCL-668 also rapidly promoted the phosphorylation of GSK3β (Ser-9) in an allosteric manner in vitro. In the cultured primary neurons, SOMCL-668 enhanced the sigma-1 receptor agonist-induced neurite outgrowth and the secretion of BDNF.
Example Output: Does allosteric Modulation of Sigma-1 Receptors elicit Rapid Antidepressant Activity?
Example Input: The aim of this study was to develop an assay system that can quantify the amount of biomass in biofilms formed by different isogenic mutants of an Escherichia coli K-12 strain.', 'The reported assay, which is based on the BacTiter-Glo assay from Promega, uses bioluminescence to detect the intracellular concentration of ATP, which correlates with viable bacterial cell numbers. The quantitative data obtained with this ATP assay were compared to those obtained with the conventional crystal violet assay. As a qualitative control, scanning electron microscopy was performed.
Example Output: Does a combination of assays reveal biomass differences in biofilms formed by Escherichia coli mutants?
Example Input: The preterm newborn is at high risk of developing cardiovascular compromise during the first day of life and this is associated with increased risk of brain injury. Standard treatments are volume expansion and administration of inotropes, typically dopamine and/or dobutamine, but there is limited evidence that inotropes improve clinical outcomes. This study investigated the efficacy of dopamine and dobutamine for the treatment of cardiovascular compromise in the preterm newborn using a piglet model.', 'Preterm and term piglets were assigned to either dopamine, dobutamine or control infusions. Heart rate, left ventricular contractility, cardiac output, blood pressure, and cerebral and regional blood flows were measured during baseline, low (10 µg/kg/h), and high (20 µg/kg/h) dose infusions.', 'At baseline, preterm piglets had lower cardiac contractility, cardiac output, blood pressure, and cerebral blood flow compared to term piglets. The response of preterm piglets to either dopamine or dobutamine administration was less than in term piglets. In both preterm and term piglets, cardiac output and cerebral blood flow were unaltered by either inotrope.
Example Output:
|
Do inotropes increase cardiac output or cerebral blood flow in preterm piglets?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Q: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is characterized by a Th2 immune response. Mouse models suggest a critical role for the Th2 chemokines thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in ABPA.', 'To determine whether serum levels of TARC and MDC characterize ABPA in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to examine longitudinally if levels of TARC and MDC indicate ABPA exacerbations in patients with CF.', 'Levels of TARC and MDC and levels of Th1 (IL-12 and IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) cytokines were analyzed in serum of 16 patients with CF with ABPA, six non-CF patients with asthma with ABPA, 13 patients with CF colonized with Aspergillus fumigatus, six patients with CF sensitized to A. fumigatus, 12 atopic patients with CF, and 13 non-CF atopic control subjects by ELISA. The longitudinal course of TARC, MDC, and IgE levels was assessed during ABPA episodes.', 'Patients with ABPA had significantly higher serum levels of TARC compared with the other patient groups. Cytokine levels did not differ among the patient groups. Longitudinally, levels of TARC indicated ABPA exacerbations in patients with CF more clearly than IgE levels. In patients with CF and ABPA, levels of TARC correlated positively with specific IgE to A. fumigatus and rAsp f4.
A:
|
Do chemokines indicate allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
test
|
instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
To examine the lipid profile in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients and their relationship with anthropometric parameters, glycaemic control and cardiovascular mortality.', 'A consecutive cohort of 562 newly referred patients with type 2 diabetes to a hospital-based diabetes centre were examined in 1996. Subjects treated with lipid lowering drugs at the time of referral were excluded. A total of 517 subjects were followed up over a mean (+/-SD) period of 4.6 +/- 0.9 years. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin and lipid profile and anthropometric parameters were documented at the time of recruitment. Cardiovascular mortality, mainly due to coronary heart disease and stroke, was ascertained using death registry and review of hospital case notes in 2001.', 'Of the 517 subjects (mean age of 54.0 +/- 14.0 years), 42.6% were men. In this cohort, 63.3% of subjects were either overweight (BMI > or = 23 kg/m2) or obese (BMI > or = 25 kg/m2) using Asian criteria. The mean (+/-SD) total cholesterol (TC), LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C) and geometric mean (x// antilog SD) of triglycerides (TG) were 5.6 +/- 1.3 mmol/L, 3.6 +/- 1.1 mmol/L, 1.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/L and 1.46x//1.90 mmol/L respectively. TC and LDL-C correlated positively with HbA1c, HDL-C negatively with BMI and WC (waist circumference), while TG positively with HbA1c, BMI, WC and HOMA (insulin resistance estimated using the homeostasis model assessment). During the 4.6 years follow-up period, there were 61 deaths giving a total mortality rate of 11.4%, of which 15 (25%) were because of cardiovascular events. Apart from age and disease duration, logarithm of TG was significantly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (p = 0.049, relative risk = 2.97, 95% CI 1.00-8.77).
answer:
Does triglyceride predict cardiovascular mortality and its relationship with glycaemia and obesity in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients?
question:
To investigate the association between adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy in childhood and asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and eczema in adolescence.', 'Longitudinal birth cohort study of 1328 members born in the city of Nijmegen. Information on ear-nose-throat surgery was documented at 2, 4, and 8 years of age. In 1055 cohort members the incidence of asthma, AR, and eczema at 21 years of age was determined using the International Study of Asthma and Allergic disease in Childhood Core Questionnaire. To analyse the association between adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy in childhood and asthma, AR, and eczema at age 21 years, relative risks (RR) were calculated.', 'Six hundred and ninety-three (66%) members completed the questionnaire at age 21 years, of whom 104 (15%) had undergone adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy and 262 (38%) reported atopic disease. Children who underwent adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy before the age of 8 years were not more likely to develop asthma, AR, or eczema at the age of 21 years than children who did not; RR 0.93 (95% confidence limits (CL) 0.52-1.64), RR 0.94 (CL 0.68-1.30), and RR 1.00 (CL 0.59-1.68), respectively.
answer:
Is adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy in childhood associated with atopic disease later in life?
question:
To use functional MRI (fMRI) to determine which brain regions are implicated when normal volunteers judge whether pretransected horizontal lines are correctly bisected (the Landmark test).', 'Manual line bisection and a variant thereof involving perceptual judgments of pretransected lines (the Landmark test) are widely used to assess unilateral visuospatial neglect in patients with neurologic disease. Although unilateral (left) neglect most often results from lesions to right temporoparietal cortex, the normal functional anatomy of the Landmark test has not been convincingly demonstrated.', 'fMRI was carried out in 12 healthy right-handed male volunteers who judged whether horizontal lines were correctly prebisected. In the control task, subjects detected whether the horizontal lines contained a transection mark irrespective of the position of that mark. Response was by two-choice key press: on half the trials, subjects used the right, and on half, the left hand. Statistical analysis of evoked blood oxygenation level-dependent responses, measured with echoplanar imaging, employed statistical parametric mapping.', 'Performing the Landmark task showed neural activity (p < 0.05, corrected) in the right superior posterior and right inferior parietal lobe, early visual processing areas bilaterally, the cerebellar vermis, and the left cerebellar hemisphere. Only the latter area showed a significant interaction with hand used.
answer:
|
Do line bisection judgments implicate right parietal cortex and cerebellum as assessed by fMRI?
|
task847_pubmedqa_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
validation
|
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Q: De fusie tussen investeringsmaatschappij Imperial Invest van de familie Collin en mediaholding Concentra van de familie Baert is minder verrassend dan het ze op het eerste gezicht lijkt .
A: Art N Prep N N N Prep Art N N Conj N N Prep Art N N V Num V Conj Pron Pron Prep Art Num N V Punc
****
Q: De critici hangen een beeld op van zweverige volgelingen , terwijl de cursisten in werkelijkheid vrij actieve , kritische mensen zijn
A: Art N V Art N Adv Prep Adj N Punc Conj Art N Prep N Adj Adj Punc Adj N V
****
Q: Hruska ( Tsj ) 13:14 -- 16 .
A:
|
N Punc N Punc Num N Num Punc
****
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Ik had slecht geslapen : allerlei gedachten spookten door mijn hoofd .
Output:
|
Pron V Adj V Punc Pron N V Prep Pron N Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
( FS )
Output:
|
Punc N Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Teacher: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
1968 : 1.
Solution: Num Punc Num Punc
Reason: Based on the given question, All of the POS tags are correct.
Now, solve this instance: We kunnen ons eenvoudigweg niet op elke deelmarkt manifesteren en de ambitie hebben om daarop tot de besten en sterksten te behoren " .
Student:
|
Pron V Pron Adv Adv Prep Pron N V Conj Art N V Conj Adv Prep Art Adj Conj Adj Prep V Punc Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Clair-obscur .
|
N Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Input: Zo konden ze beter in het oog worden gehouden .
Output:
|
Adv V Pron Adj Prep Art N V V Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Problem:" Op zeer lange termijn willen we komen tot een ' positieve lijst ' van grondstoffen die wel mogen worden gebruikt .
Solution:
|
Punc Prep Adv Adj N V Pron V Prep Art Punc Adj N Punc Prep N Pron Adv V V V Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
PROBLEM: Clarke heeft er naar eigen zeggen het volste vertrouwen in dat de bedrijven die complexe technologieën ontwikkelen om informatie te versleutelen of op een andere manier de vrije uitwisseling van informatie trachten te verhinderen , uiteindelijk allemaal het onderspit zullen delven .
SOLUTION: Adj V Adv Prep Pron V Art Adj N Prep Pron Art N Pron Adj N V Conj N Prep V Conj Prep Art Pron N Art Adj N Prep N V Prep V Punc Adj Pron Art N V V Punc
PROBLEM: Tot dertig jaar geleden besliste een muntstuk over winst of verlies .
SOLUTION: Prep Num N Adv V Art N Prep N Conj N Punc
PROBLEM: Quick en Flupke .
SOLUTION:
|
N Conj N Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
PROBLEM: Daarin kon hij niet alleen zijn vloeiend gitaarspel demonstreren , hij stopte er ook verwijzingen in naar de Rolling Stones , Marvin Gaye en zelfs het thema uit de James Bond-films .
SOLUTION: Adv V Pron Adv Adv Pron V N V Punc Pron V Adv Adv N Prep Prep Art N N Punc N N Conj Adv Art N Prep Art N N Punc
PROBLEM: We drinken vervolgens twee liter water en voelen de krachten terugkomen .
SOLUTION: Pron V Adv Num N N Conj N Art N V Punc
PROBLEM: Wie kwaad van geest is , kan daar een verwijzing in lezen naar de vrijmetselaarssymboliek , waar Laurents leermeesters erg goed in thuis zijn .
SOLUTION:
|
Pron Adj Prep N V Punc V Adv Art N Adv V Prep Art N Punc Adv N N Adj Adj Prep Adv V Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
test
|
In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.
Example input: 1968 : 1.
Example output: Num Punc Num Punc
Example explanation: Based on the given question, All of the POS tags are correct.
Q: De spanning wordt voornamelijk door de muziek opgebouwd .
A:
|
Art N V Adv Prep Art N V Punc
|
task1543_conll2002_parts_of_speech_tagging_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
validation
|
Detailed Instructions: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
See one example below:
Problem: Passage: The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as Native American allies. At the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million in the British North American colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. Long in conflict, the metropole nations declared war on each other in 1756, escalating the war from a regional affair into an intercontinental conflict.
Solution: When was the French and Indian War?
Explanation: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage- The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. It is a common convention to write (start year-end year) beside a historical event to understand when the event happened. You can ask questions like this one about dates, years, other numerals, persons, locations, noun phrases, verb phrases, adjectives, clauses etc. which exist in the paragraph.
Problem: Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines."
Solution:
|
What religious order was St. Francis Xavier in?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Q: By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and spillages (known as "spit and sawdust"), hard bench seats, and cheap beer[citation needed]. This bar was known as the four-ale bar from the days when the cheapest beer served there cost 4 pence (4d) a quart.[citation needed]
A:
|
What socioeconomic class was associated with the lounge bar in the 20th century?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
One example: Passage: The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as Native American allies. At the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million in the British North American colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. Long in conflict, the metropole nations declared war on each other in 1756, escalating the war from a regional affair into an intercontinental conflict.
Solution is here: When was the French and Indian War?
Explanation: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage- The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. It is a common convention to write (start year-end year) beside a historical event to understand when the event happened. You can ask questions like this one about dates, years, other numerals, persons, locations, noun phrases, verb phrases, adjectives, clauses etc. which exist in the paragraph.
Now, solve this: Agriculture accounted for less than 20% of both net material product and total employment before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. After independence, the importance of agriculture in the economy increased markedly, its share at the end of the 1990s rising to more than 30% of GDP and more than 40% of total employment. This increase in the importance of agriculture was attributable to food security needs of the population in the face of uncertainty during the first phases of transition and the collapse of the non-agricultural sectors of the economy in the early 1990s. As the economic situation stabilized and growth resumed, the share of agriculture in GDP dropped to slightly over 20% (2006 data), although the share of agriculture in employment remained more than 40%.
Solution:
|
Was agriculture more important before or after Armenia left the Soviet Union?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Example: Passage: The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as Native American allies. At the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million in the British North American colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. Long in conflict, the metropole nations declared war on each other in 1756, escalating the war from a regional affair into an intercontinental conflict.
Output: When was the French and Indian War?
This question is based on the following sentence in the passage- The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. It is a common convention to write (start year-end year) beside a historical event to understand when the event happened. You can ask questions like this one about dates, years, other numerals, persons, locations, noun phrases, verb phrases, adjectives, clauses etc. which exist in the paragraph.
New input case for you: In September 1695, Captain Henry Every, an English pirate on board the Fancy, reached the Straits of Bab-el-Mandeb, where he teamed up with five other pirate captains to make an attack on the Indian fleet making the annual voyage to Mocha. The Mughal convoy included the treasure-laden Ganj-i-Sawai, reported to be the greatest in the Mughal fleet and the largest ship operational in the Indian Ocean, and its escort, the Fateh Muhammed. They were spotted passing the straits en route to Surat. The pirates gave chase and caught up with Fateh Muhammed some days later, and meeting little resistance, took some £50,000 to £60,000 worth of treasure.
Output:
|
How much treasure was taken by pirates?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Israel is served by two international airports, Ben Gurion International Airport, the country's main hub for international air travel near Tel Aviv-Yafo, Ovda Airport in the south, as well as several small domestic airports. Ben Gurion, Israel's largest airport, handled over 12.1 million passengers in 2010. On the Mediterranean coast, Haifa Port is the country's oldest and largest port, while Ashdod Port is one of the few deep water ports in the world built on the open sea. In addition to these, the smaller Port of Eilat is situated on the Red Sea, and is used mainly for trading with Far East countries.
Output:
|
What is the country's main hub for international air travel?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Q: This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Birds that employ many strategies to obtain food or feed on a variety of food items are called generalists, while others that concentrate time and effort on specific food items or have a single strategy to obtain food are considered specialists. Birds' feeding strategies vary by species. Many birds glean for insects, invertebrates, fruit, or seeds. Some hunt insects by suddenly attacking from a branch. Those species that seek pest insects are considered beneficial 'biological control agents' and their presence encouraged in biological pest control programs. Nectar feeders such as hummingbirds, sunbirds, lories, and lorikeets amongst others have specially adapted brushy tongues and in many cases bills designed to fit co-adapted flowers. Kiwis and shorebirds with long bills probe for invertebrates; shorebirds' varied bill lengths and feeding methods result in the separation of ecological niches. Loons, diving ducks, penguins and auks pursue their prey underwater, using their wings or feet for propulsion, while aerial predators such as sulids, kingfishers and terns plunge dive after their prey. Flamingos, three species of prion, and some ducks are filter feeders. Geese and dabbling ducks are primarily grazers.
A:
|
What is the term used for birds that employ many strategies to obtain food?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Example input: Passage: The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. The war was fought between the colonies of British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as Native American allies. At the start of the war, the French North American colonies had a population of roughly 60,000 European settlers, compared with 2 million in the British North American colonies. The outnumbered French particularly depended on the Indians. Long in conflict, the metropole nations declared war on each other in 1756, escalating the war from a regional affair into an intercontinental conflict.
Example output: When was the French and Indian War?
Example explanation: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage- The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War. It is a common convention to write (start year-end year) beside a historical event to understand when the event happened. You can ask questions like this one about dates, years, other numerals, persons, locations, noun phrases, verb phrases, adjectives, clauses etc. which exist in the paragraph.
Q: The Germans expected to negotiate an end to the war but immediately ordered an advance on Paris; by 15 September Moltke issued the orders for an investment of Paris and on 20 September the encirclement was complete. Bismarck met Favre on 18 September at the Château de Ferrières and demanded a frontier immune to a French war of revenge, which included Strasbourg, Alsace and most the Moselle department in Lorraine of which Metz was the capital. In return for an armistice for the French to elect a National Assembly, Bismarck demanded the surrender of Strasbourg and the fortress city of Toul. To allow supplies into Paris, one of the perimeter forts had to be handed over. Favre was unaware that the real aim of Bismarck in making such extortionate demands was to establish a durable peace on the new western frontier of Germany, preferably by a peace with a friendly government, on terms acceptable to French public opinion. An impregnable military frontier was an inferior alternative to him, favoured only by the militant nationalists on the German side.
A:
|
What did the Germans expect to negotiate?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Burma is bordered in the northwest by the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh and the Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh states of India. Its north and northeast border is with the Tibet Autonomous Region and Yunnan province for a Sino-Burman border total of 2,185 km (1,358 mi). It is bounded by Laos and Thailand to the southeast. Burma has 1,930 km (1,200 mi) of contiguous coastline along the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea to the southwest and the south, which forms one quarter of its total perimeter.
|
What countries surround the border that is opposite the southwest border of Burma?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Members of the United Methodist Church who identify with the pro-life position have organized into the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (TUMAS) to further their position within the denomination. There was an attempt to withdraw the United Methodist Church membership in the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice at their General Conference, held in May 2012, with a petition that passed through the legislative subcommittee and committee votes, but was not given a floor vote. Rev. Paul T. Stallsworth, president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality said he "had every reason to believe" that pro-life delegates would have won a floor vote.
|
What is the taskforce that was organized to identify with the pro-life position?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
test
|
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage.
Input: Consider Input: However Cornelius Clifford places his birth no earlier than 296 and no later than 298, based on the fact that Athanasius indicates no first hand recollection of the Maximian persecution of 303, which he suggests Athanasius would have remembered if he had been ten years old at the time. Secondly, the Festal Epistles state that the Arians had accused Athanasius, among other charges, of not having yet attained the canonical age (30) and thus could not have been properly ordained as Patriarch of Alexandria in 328. The accusation must have seemed plausible. The Orthodox Church places his year of birth around 297.
Output: What famous event happened in 303?
Input: Consider Input: In Hong Kong, the Supreme Court of Hong Kong (now known as the High Court of Hong Kong) was the final court of appeal during its colonial times which ended with transfer of sovereignty in 1997. The final adjudication power, as in any other British Colonies, rested with the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) in London, United Kingdom. Now the power of final adjudication is vested in the Court of Final Appeal created in 1997. Under the Basic Law, its constitution, the territory remains a common law jurisdiction. Consequently, judges from other common law jurisdictions (including England and Wales) can be recruited and continue to serve in the judiciary according to Article 92 of the Basic Law. On the other hand, the power of interpretation of the Basic Law itself is vested in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC) in Beijing (without retroactive effect), and the courts are authorised to interpret the Basic Law when trying cases, in accordance with Article 158 of the Basic Law. This arrangement became controversial in light of the right of abode issue in 1999, raising concerns for judicial independence.
Output: When did Britain formally surrender sovreignty over Hong Kong?
Input: Consider Input: Fetuvalu offers the Cambridge syllabus. Motufoua offers the Fiji Junior Certificate (FJC) at year 10, Tuvaluan Certificate at Year 11 and the Pacific Senior Secondary Certificate (PSSC) at Year 12, set by the Fiji-based exam board SPBEA. Sixth form students who pass their PSSC go on to the Augmented Foundation Programme, funded by the government of Tuvalu. This program is required for tertiary education programmes outside of Tuvalu and is available at the University of the South Pacific (USP) Extension Centre in Funafuti.
|
Output: Where is the Extension Centre for the USP?
|
task074_squad1_1_question_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 2
|
validation
|
Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Example Input: Mary Poppins also had a very similar attitude while actively encouraging positive imagination (Susan tends to say things like ``Real children don't go hoppity-skip unless they're on drugs''), took children on magical adventures (Susan does so to teach geography), introduced children to supernatural creatures (Susan employs such beings as guest speakers, including her own grandfather), and had a magic umbrella (which, while not used as a blunt object, was magical much like Death's scythe). Neither character openly acknowledges her magical powers. Both tend toward being actively insulted when reminded of their use. The link between Susan and Mary Poppins is explicitly alluded to in Hogfather, when **Susan** states that ``_'d sworn that if she did indeed ever find herself dancing on rooftops with chimney sweeps, she'd beat herself to death with her own umbrella.''
Example Output: She
Example Input: He had eleven siblings, and his father, Primitivo, fought against Pancho Villa in 1916 and was granted immunity to enter the United States. While playing football at UCLA, he was known as the ``Calexico Kid.'' **Villanueva** played halfback for coach Red Sanders at UCLA from 1952-1954. _ was a member of the Bruins team that won the 1954 Rose Bowl and was named that year's FWAA & UPI National Champions.
Example Output: He
Example Input: Introduced as Marion Davies' niece, Lake socialized with such notables as Clark Gable, Jean Harlow, Charlie Chaplin and Gloria Swanson. Lake lived with Marion Davies for the major portion of her life and Hearst financially supported Lake all of her life. After Lake's marriage, Davies continued to support both **Patricia** and _ husband Arthur.
Example Output:
|
her
|
task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Q: The Princess of Nebraska and the title story, which Li adapted herself. She lives in Oakland, California, with her husband and their two sons, and teaches at University of California, Davis. * * Stephanie Merritt of The Observer wrote, **Yiyun Li**'s 2005 debut story collection A Thousand Years of Good Prayers earned _ comparisons with Chekhov and Alice Munro.
A:
|
her
|
task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Dorothy Moore (born 13 October 1946, Jackson, Mississippi ) is an American pop, R&B, and soulsinger best known for her 1976 hit song, ``Misty Blue''. Born to Mary Moore and Melvin Hendrex Snr., aka Melvin Henderson of the Mississippi Blind Boys, **Dorothy** was raised by _ great grandmother.
Solution: her
Why? The sentence begins with the name Dorothy and is referenced by 'her' in the previous sentence. So the correct pronoun for Dorothy is 'her'.
New input: Welner with introducing significant new evidence into the case in his 206-page report. Welner opined that Mitchell was competent to stand trial, and diagnosed him with pedophilia, nonexclusive type, antisocial personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, malingering, and alcohol abuse in a controlled environment. Welner believed that **Mitchell** was highly manipulative and used _ religious expression as way to coax people into overlooking his high function and dismissing him as delusional.
Solution:
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his
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
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NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
As a junior player, Bailey won the World Junior Championship in 1997 and captained the England team to World and European junior team titles. A car accident led to career-threatening knee surgery at the age of 21, but she successfully recovered and resumed her playing career. In 2003, **Bailey** finished runner-up to Sarah Fitz-Gerald at the British Open. _ reached a career-high ranking of World No. 4 that year.
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She
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Problem:Lee Roy Martin, also known as the Gaffney Strangler, was an American serial killer from Gaffney, South Carolina. He murdered 4 girls in 1967-1968. On Feb. 8, 1968 Leroy Martin called Bill Gibbons the editor of The Gaffney Ledger. **Martin** gave Gibbons a list of names and locations of the 3 women _ had killed so far.
Solution:
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he
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Definition: Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Input: It is the first film by independent superstar director Dan Garcia, who produced Death Toll and Sinners and Saints. Louisiana Governor Chip Majors (**James DuMont**) is front in line to be North Carolina Senator Edmonds' (Steven Bauer) Vice Presidential nominee. The day _ is to be announced, Majors goes to a hotel, where he meets a prostitute.
Output:
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he
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Example: Dorothy Moore (born 13 October 1946, Jackson, Mississippi ) is an American pop, R&B, and soulsinger best known for her 1976 hit song, ``Misty Blue''. Born to Mary Moore and Melvin Hendrex Snr., aka Melvin Henderson of the Mississippi Blind Boys, **Dorothy** was raised by _ great grandmother.
Output: her
The sentence begins with the name Dorothy and is referenced by 'her' in the previous sentence. So the correct pronoun for Dorothy is 'her'.
New input case for you: Gabriella expresses her loss of trust with Troy (``Gotta Go My Own Way'') and leaves Lava Springs, and gives him the necklace back. It also seems that they broke up. Troy returns to work the next day to find that his friends refuse to talk to him. Kelsi silently shows Troy the notice from Mr. Fulton, causing **Troy** to question _ own motivations (``Bet On It'').
Output:
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his
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Instructions: Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Input: Introduced as Marion Davies' niece, Lake socialized with such notables as Clark Gable, Jean Harlow, Charlie Chaplin and Gloria Swanson. Lake lived with Marion Davies for the major portion of her life and Hearst financially supported Lake all of her life. After Lake's marriage, Davies continued to support both **Patricia** and _ husband Arthur.
Output:
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her
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Teacher:Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Myrtle was a domestic, a chef, a butcher, and an owner of a restaurant and Stevenson constructed parts for airplanes. Taylor started playing sports while in junior high school and by the eighth grade he was playing football, baseball, basketball and competing in track. **Taylor** attended and played high school football at Dalworth High School (the former segregated black high school, now an elementary school by the name of David Daniels. Dalworth High students moved to Grand Prairie High School). _ also ran the high hurdles, threw the discus and shot put, and competed in the long jump for the track team.
Student:
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He
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
test
|
Detailed Instructions: Read the passage and find the corresponding pronoun for the given name. The pronoun should match the given blank(_). The word between ** ** is the target name. The pronoun should be one of 'her', 'him', 'he', 'she' and 'his' with proper casing based on the position in the passage.
Problem:After a few years of almost no work -- although he was a guest star on Lou Grant and Charlie's Angels in the late 1970s, he once summed up the 1970s as ``I cried and did a lot of gardening'' -- he was hired in 1979 for his best-known role, self-made millionaire Palmer Cortlandt on ABC's long-running soap opera All My Children. Initially hired for only one year, he remained on contract through 2009. For much of his first decade on the show, Palmer was a ruthless villain, totally possessive of his daughter, Nina and violently threatening his ex-wife **Daisy** with being attacked by dobermans when _ came back from the dead.
Solution:
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she
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task893_gap_fill_the_blank_coreference_resolution
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 8
|
validation
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
See one example below:
Problem: इसे बढ़ाने के लिए हम भारत में जर्मनी की कंपनियों का खुली बाहों से स्वागत करने के लिए तैयार हैं।
Solution: அதை அதிகரிக்க, இந்தியாவில் ஜேர்மனியின் நிறுவனங்களின் திறந்த ஆயுதங்களை வரவேற்பதற்கு நாங்கள் தயாராக உள்ளோம்.
Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'In order to increase it, we are ready to welcome the open arms of Germany's companies in India.' which is the same as the output sentence.
Problem: आज का ये आयोजन इस बात का प्रतीक है कि हम अपने नागरिकों की आवश्यकताओं को किस तरह गंभीरता से समझते हैं उनकी दिक्कतों को दूर करने के लिए किस तरह से गंभीरतापूर्वक प्रयास करते हैं।
Solution:
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நம் குடிமக்களின் தேவைகளை நாம் எவ்வளவு முக்கியத்துவம் கொடுத்து புரிந்துகொள்கிறோம் என்பதற்கும், எவ்வளவு சிரத்தை எடுத்து அவர்களின் சிரமங்களை களைய முனைகிறோம் என்பதற்கும் இந்நிகழ்ச்சி ஒரு எடுத்துக்காட்டு.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
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NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
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train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
इस पवित्र संगम क्षेत्र में महास्वामी जी प्रतिवर्ष उगादी के अवसर पर राष्ट्रीय जागृति के इस महत्वपूर्ण कार्यक्रम को आयोजित किया जाएगा।
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உகாதி அன்று ஒவ்வொரு ஆண்டும் இங்கு மகாசுவாமி அவர்கள், இந்த புனித இடத்தில், தேசிய விழிப்புணர்வை உருவாக்குவதற்கான முக்கிய நிகழ்ச்சியை நடத்தி வருகிறார்.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
इसे बढ़ाने के लिए हम भारत में जर्मनी की कंपनियों का खुली बाहों से स्वागत करने के लिए तैयार हैं।
Solution: அதை அதிகரிக்க, இந்தியாவில் ஜேர்மனியின் நிறுவனங்களின் திறந்த ஆயுதங்களை வரவேற்பதற்கு நாங்கள் தயாராக உள்ளோம்.
Why? Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'In order to increase it, we are ready to welcome the open arms of Germany's companies in India.' which is the same as the output sentence.
New input: चुनौती बड़ी है लेकिन ये चुनौती मैंने मेरे बल पर नहीं ली है।
Solution:
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இந்த சவாலை நான் ஏற்றுக்கொள்வது உங்கள் மீது உள்ள நம்பிக்கையை பிரதிபலிக்கிறது.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
One example is below.
Q: इसे बढ़ाने के लिए हम भारत में जर्मनी की कंपनियों का खुली बाहों से स्वागत करने के लिए तैयार हैं।
A: அதை அதிகரிக்க, இந்தியாவில் ஜேர்மனியின் நிறுவனங்களின் திறந்த ஆயுதங்களை வரவேற்பதற்கு நாங்கள் தயாராக உள்ளோம்.
Rationale: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'In order to increase it, we are ready to welcome the open arms of Germany's companies in India.' which is the same as the output sentence.
Q: हमने National ar Memorial के निर्माण का निर्णय लिया और मुझे खुशी है कि यह स्मारक इतने कम समय में बनकर तैयार हो चुका है।
A:
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நாங்கள் தேசிய போர் நினைவுச் சின்னத்தை நிர்மாணம் செய்யும் தீர்மானத்தை மேற்கொண்டோம்; இந்த நினைவுச் சின்னம் இத்தனை குறுகிய காலகட்டத்தில் தயாராகியிருப்பது எனக்கு மட்டில்லாத மகிழ்ச்சியை அளிக்கிறது.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
See one example below:
Problem: इसे बढ़ाने के लिए हम भारत में जर्मनी की कंपनियों का खुली बाहों से स्वागत करने के लिए तैयार हैं।
Solution: அதை அதிகரிக்க, இந்தியாவில் ஜேர்மனியின் நிறுவனங்களின் திறந்த ஆயுதங்களை வரவேற்பதற்கு நாங்கள் தயாராக உள்ளோம்.
Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'In order to increase it, we are ready to welcome the open arms of Germany's companies in India.' which is the same as the output sentence.
Problem: उन्होंने कहा कि बजट से देश के विकास में महिलाओं की भागीदारी बढ़ेगी।
Solution:
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தொழில் நிறுவனங்களையும், தொழிலதிபர்களையும் இந்த பட்ஜெட் வலுப்படுத்தும், நாட்டின் வளர்ச்சியில் பெண்களின் பங்களிப்பு மேலும் அதிகரிக்கும்.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Q: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
साथियों, आज इस मंच पर मैं एक और महत्वपूर्ण विषय पर अपनी बात रखना चाहता हूं।
A:
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நண்பர்களே, இன்று இந்த அமைப்பின் முன்பு, மற்றொரு முக்கியமான விஷயத்தை வெளிப்படுத்த விரும்புகிறேன்.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Definition: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Input: प्रधानमंत्री नरेन्द्र मोदी ने जम्मू-कश्मीर में बस दुर्घटना में लोगों के मारे जाने पर शोक व्यक्त किया।
Output:
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ஜம்மு காஷ்மீரில் ஏற்பட்ட பேருந்து விபத்தில் நிகழ்ந்த உயிரிழப்புக்கு பிரதமர் இரங்கல்
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: उक्त बातें केंद्रीय स्वास्थ्य व परिवार कल्याण मंत्री श्री जे पी नड्डा ने आज दक्षिण अफ्रीका के डरबन में आयोजित ब्रिक्स के स्वास्थ्य मंत्रियों की 8वीं बैठक को संबोधित करते हुए कहीं।
A:
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2018) 8-வது பிரிக்ஸ் சுகாதார அமைச்சர்கள் கூட்டத்தில் அவர் உரையாற்றினார். காசநோயாளிகளுக்கு குறைந்த விலையில் தரமான, பாதுகாப்பான மருந்துகளும், தடுப்பூசி மருந்துகளும் கிடைக்கச் செய்ய வேண்டியதன் அவசியத்தை அமைச்சர் வலியுறுத்தினார்.
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
हमें किसानों का hand holding करना पड़ेगा।
அவர்களோடு நாம் கைகோர்க்க வேண்டும்.
श्रम सुविधा पोर्टल : श्रम एवं रोजगार मंत्रालय ने एक समेकित वेब पोर्टल श्रम सुविधा पोर्टल विकसित किया, ताकि श्रम कानूनों को लागू करने में पारदर्शिता और जवाबदेही लाई जा सके तथा इनका पालन करने की जटिलता को दूर किया जा सके।
ஷ்ரம் சுவிதா முனையம்: தொழிலாளர் நலச் சட்டங்களை அமல் செய்வதில் வெளிப்படைத்தன்மை மற்றும் பொறுப்பேற்பு நிலையை உருவாக்குவதற்கும், இவற்றில் ஒத்திசைவுக்கான சிக்கல்களை எளிமையாக்குவதற்கும் ஷ்ரம் சுவிதா முனையம்' என்ற ஒருங்கிணைந்த இணைய முனையத்தை தொழிலாளர் & வேலைவாய்ப்பு அமைச்சகம் உருவாக்கியுள்ளது.
भारत में निहित व्यापक सम्भावनाओं और कुशल हाथों से जापान काफी हद तक लाभान्वित हो सकता है।
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இந்தியா வழங்கிடும் திறனான மனித சக்தி மற்றும் அளவில்லாத நமது திறன்களினால் ஜப்பான் பெருமளவில் பயன் பெறும்!
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task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
test
|
A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Tamil language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
One example: इसे बढ़ाने के लिए हम भारत में जर्मनी की कंपनियों का खुली बाहों से स्वागत करने के लिए तैयार हैं।
Solution is here: அதை அதிகரிக்க, இந்தியாவில் ஜேர்மனியின் நிறுவனங்களின் திறந்த ஆயுதங்களை வரவேற்பதற்கு நாங்கள் தயாராக உள்ளோம்.
Explanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'In order to increase it, we are ready to welcome the open arms of Germany's companies in India.' which is the same as the output sentence.
Now, solve this: प्रस्तावित उद्यम व्यापार प्रणाली में तीन प्रमुख समाधान घटक होंगे- बंदरगाह ऑपरेशन समाधान, मानक उद्यम व्यापार प्रणाली (इआरपी) समाधान एवं सहकारी समाधान, एवं यह बंदरगाह समुदाय प्रणाली (पीसीएस) एवं अन्य बंदरगाहों की अन्य प्रयोज्यताओं, उद्यम व्यापार की मानक प्रक्रियाओं एवं क्लाउड पर साझा अवसंरचना से भली प्रकार एकीकृत हो अगली पीढ़ी की आधुनिक प्रणाली का निर्माण करेगी जो आने वाले वर्षों में बंदरगाहों के काम आएगी ।
Solution:
|
டிஜிட்டல் தகவல் முறையின் உதவியோடு வர்த்தகத்தை எளிதாக மேற்கொள்ள உதவும் வகையிலும் உலகத் தரம் வாய்ந்த துறைமுகக் கட்டுமானத்தை உருவாக்கவும் இந்திய துறைமுகங்களின் சங்கம் (Indian Ports Association – IPA) டெக் மகேந்திரா நிறுவனத்தை சேவை வழங்கும் நிறுவனமாக நியமித்துள்ளது. இந்தச் சேவை வழங்கும் நிறுவனத்தின் பணிகள் மும்பை, கொல்கத்தா, சென்னை, தீனதயாள் துறைமுகம், பாராதீப் துறைமுகம் ஆகிய துறைமுகங்களில் மேற்கொள்ளப்படும்.
|
task993_pib_translation_hindi_tamil
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
validation
|
TASK DEFINITION: In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
PROBLEM: Mwanafunzi alifanya haraka kumaliza kitabu.
Ilikuwa ni kwa sababu ya kutaka kurejeshwa maktaba.
SOLUTION: cause
PROBLEM: Mwanaume alikasirika.
Alirusha kiti kwenye chumba.
SOLUTION: effect
PROBLEM: Nilizikataa matini.
Ilikuwa hazisomeki.
SOLUTION:
|
cause
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Nilivuta pumzi kwenye vumbi katika dari.
Nilipiga chafya.
|
effect
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Q: Niligeuza macho yangu kwa rafiki yangu.
Alitoa maelezo ya dhihaka.
A:
|
cause
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Macho ya mpishi yalitoka machozi.
Alikata kitunguu.
|
cause
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Let me give you an example: Kifaa kilikuwa kimefungwa kwenye mfuko vibofu.
Kikuwa nyepesi kuvunjika.
The answer to this example can be: cause
Here is why: The object being delicate is the cause of wrapping it in bubble wrap.
OK. solve this:
Nilituma barua katika sanduku la barua.
Ofisi ya posta ilipokea barua.
Answer:
|
effect
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Part 1. Definition
In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Part 2. Example
Kifaa kilikuwa kimefungwa kwenye mfuko vibofu.
Kikuwa nyepesi kuvunjika.
Answer: cause
Explanation: The object being delicate is the cause of wrapping it in bubble wrap.
Part 3. Exercise
Kila mmoja alikataa kuchumbiana kwa wapenzi.
Wapenzi walikimbia.
Answer:
|
effect
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Instructions: In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Input: Nilitembea pekupeku ufukweni.
Mchanga uliganda miguuni mwangu.
Output:
|
effect
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
Let me give you an example: Kifaa kilikuwa kimefungwa kwenye mfuko vibofu.
Kikuwa nyepesi kuvunjika.
The answer to this example can be: cause
Here is why: The object being delicate is the cause of wrapping it in bubble wrap.
OK. solve this:
Mvuke ulitoka nje ya chngu cha maji.
Maji yalichemka.
Answer:
|
cause
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
[Q]: Jamii ilijua kwamba yule mwanaume alifariki.
Tanzia yake ilionekana kwenye gazeti.
[A]: cause
[Q]: Mshale ulikosa lengo.
Mwanaume alilenga vibaya.
[A]: cause
[Q]: Mtoto alibambua ngozi nyayo yake.
Mama yake aliweka bendeji juu ya kidonda.
[A]:
|
effect
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
test
|
instruction:
In this task your given two statements in Swahili. You must judge whether the second sentence is the cause or effect of the first one. Label the instances as "cause" or "effect" based on your judgment. The sentences are separated by a newline character.
question:
Mti uliharibu nyumba.
Mti ulianguka katika paa.
answer:
cause
question:
Nilisita kuacha kuongea.
Nilikosa pumzi.
answer:
cause
question:
Rafiki wake wa kike ameachana na yeye.
Alimuomba yeye arudiane nae.
answer:
|
effect
|
task1175_xcopa_commonsense_cause_effect_sw
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 9
|
validation
|
TASK DEFINITION: You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
PROBLEM: Per esempio, prendiamo queste tartarughe marine.
SOLUTION: לדוגמה, קחו את צבי הים האלה.
PROBLEM: E usando l'indaco posso renderla anti-microbica.
SOLUTION: ובעזרת צבע כחול כהה, אני הופכת אותו עמיד לחיידקים.
PROBLEM: NM: In un minuto.
SOLUTION:
|
נ "" מ: "" ברגע אחד. ""
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 8
|
train
|
Teacher:You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Due altre persone che conoscete sono molto brave a fare corpi di freccia, ma sono incapaci di realizzare punte di freccia.
Student:
|
שני אנשים אחרים מצטיינים בהכנת בסיס החץ, אך גרועים בהכנת ראשי החצים.
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Un gas caldo produce solo linee di emissione non continue
|
גז חם יוצר רק קוי פליטה, אין רציפות.
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
La foresta pluviale è definita la maggior espressione di vita sul pianeta.
Output:
|
יער הגשם כונה "" הביטוי הגדול ביותר של חיים עלי-אדמות "".
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Per esempio, in Australia, come circa in un terzo dei paesi del mondo, hanno eccezioni sul diritto d'autore che permettono ai libri di essere trascritti in braille o essere letti da persone non vedenti.
|
למשל אוסטרליה, כמו לכשליש ממדינות העולם, יש יוצאים מן הכלל בזכויות יוצרים שמאפשרים לספרים להיות מתורגמים לברייל או להיות מוקראים לנו האנשים העיוורים.
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
"" Nessun uomo è un'isola completamente a sé.
Solution: "" אף אדם אינו אי העומד בפני עצמו.
Why? The Italian sentence is correctly translated into Hebrew, because the meaning is preserved.
New input: (Applausi) (Campanelli) (Tromba) ♫ Quando mi prende fra le braccia ♫ ♫ Mi parla a bassa voce, ♫ ♫ Vedo la vita in rosa. ♫ ♫ Mi dice parole d'amore, ♫ ♫ Parole di tutti i giorni, ♫ ♫ E questo fa in me qualcosa. ♫ ♫ E 'entrata nel mio cuore ♫ ♫ Un po' di felicità ♫ ♫ Di cui conosco la causa. ♫ ♫ Lui é per me, io per lui ♫ ♫ Nella vita, ♫ ♫ Me l'ha detto, l'ha giurato sulla sua vita. ♫ ♫ E non appena lo scorgo da lontano ♫
Solution:
|
(מחיאות כפיים) (פעמונים) (חצוצרה) ♫ כשהוא לוקח אותי בזרועותיו ♫ ♫ ומדבר אלי ברכות, ♫ ♫ אני רואה את החיים בורוד. ♫ ♫ הוא אומר לי מילות אהבה, ♫ ♫ הוא אומר לי מילים של יום יום, ♫ ♫ וזה גורם לי לרעוד. ♫ ♫ הוא נכנס לליבי ♫ ♫ פיסת אושר ♫ ♫ שאת מקורה אני יודעת. ♫ ♫ הוא שלי. ואני שלו ♫ ♫ בחיים האלה, ♫ ♫ הוא אמר לי זאת, הוא נשבע בחייו. ♫ ♫ ומאז שמצאתי אותו ♫
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
train
|
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Example: "" Nessun uomo è un'isola completamente a sé.
Output: "" אף אדם אינו אי העומד בפני עצמו.
The Italian sentence is correctly translated into Hebrew, because the meaning is preserved.
New input case for you: Hanno l'obiettivo di ridurre i costi della connessione.
Output:
|
יש להם מטרה של הורדת המחיר של הקישוריות.
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Definition: You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Input: Quindi questo è quello che ho visto, ed è stato molto avvilente.
Output:
|
ההבנה הזאת העמידה אותי במקום.
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Example input: "" Nessun uomo è un'isola completamente a sé.
Example output: "" אף אדם אינו אי העומד בפני עצמו.
Example explanation: The Italian sentence is correctly translated into Hebrew, because the meaning is preserved.
Q: Ora come possiamo affrontare tutto ciò?
A:
|
ואיך מתמודדים עם זה?
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
test
|
You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Hebrew.
Q: (Risate) JH: Wow. Questo è...
A:
|
(צחוק) ג '.ע: וואה, זה...
|
task1251_ted_translation_it_he
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
validation
|
Instructions: This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Input: A dán ètò yìí wò pẹ̀lú àwọn akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ Ifásitì ìjọba ti Gúúsù Brazil.
Output:
|
This program was tested with students from a public university in southern Brazil.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Teacher:This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Pípẹ́ ni yó pẹ̀ẹ́, ẹní lọ sódò á bọ̀ wálé.
Student:
|
It may take a while, but the person who went to the stream will return home.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
[EX Q]: Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni, ṣé o fẹ́ràn ẹ̀?
[EX A]: Yes, you like it?
[EX Q]: Bó tiẹ̀ jẹ́ pé, gbogbo ìgbà ni ara máa ń ro Cecilia tó sì jẹ́ pé orí kẹ̀kẹ́ arọ ló máa ń wà nígbà gbogbo, ó ti pé ẹni ọdún mẹ́ẹ̀ẹ́dọ́gbọ̀n (25) báyìí síbẹ̀ ó gbà pé ọ̀la ń bọ̀ wá dáa, kò sì ro ara rẹ̀ pin. Kódà, ó tiẹ̀ sọ pé: “Mo mọ̀ pé àwọn ohun tó ṣẹlẹ̀ sí mi yìí ti túbọ̀ sọ mí di ẹni ọ̀tún, ó sì ti jẹ́ kí n lè máa gbé àwọn ànímọ́ Kristẹni yọ.”
[EX A]: Though she experiences persistent physical pain and is confined to a wheelchair, Cecilia, now 25 years old, is well-known for her positive attitude. In fact, she says: “I believe that these traumatic experiences have helped me to refine my personality and develop Christian qualities.”
[EX Q]: Ó gbóríyìn fún gómìnà ìjọba ìpínlẹ̀ Akwa Ibom, Udom Emmanuel fún àǹfààní tí ó fún àwọn ọdọ́ láti fẹ̀bùn wọn hạ̀n nípasẹ ayẹyẹ ọ̀hún.
[EX A]:
|
He commended the Akwa Ibom State Governor Udom Emmanuel for making it possible for the pupils to showcase their talents through the festival.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Q: This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Ní ìparí, ìdíje British Open náà yóò bẹ̀ẹ̀rẹ̀ lọ́jọ́ kọkàndínlógún, oṣù keje títí di ọjọ́ kejìlélógún oṣù kan nàà ọdún tí a wà yìí (July 19 to July 22).
A:
|
The British Open will be played from July 19 to July 22.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Example Input: Òkò tí ẹyẹ́ bá rí kì í pẹyẹ.
Example Output: A missile that a bird sees will not kill the bird.
Example Input: Yí orúkọ yàrá ìkẹ́kọ̀ọ́ pa dà
Example Output: Rename class
Example Input: Wó̩n só̩ di balógun ikò̩ Switzerland lọ́dún 2016, ó sì ti gbápapò̩ ìfe̩sè̩wọnsè̩ mọ́kàndínlọ́gọ́rùn-ún fún wo̩n.
Example Output:
|
He was named captain of Switzerland in 2016 and has earned 99 caps for his country.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Teacher:This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: October 2 ni wọ́n ṣètò pé kó parí àtìmọ́lé rẹ̀, ìyẹn ọjọ́ díẹ̀ kó pé ọdún kan tó ti wà ní àhámọ́.
Student:
|
His new term is scheduled to end on October 2, just days short of a year incarcerated.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Definition: This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Input: Ẹ̀wẹ̀, ẹnìkejì rẹ̀ ọmọ bíbí orílẹ̀-èdè New Zealander, Parker náà kò tíì pàdánù ìfigagbága kankan nínú ìfigagbága mẹ́rìnlélógún tí ó ti jà báyìí, bẹ́ẹ̀ sìni yóò gbé bélíìtì ìgbàdí WBO tí ó gbà kẹ́yìn wá fi díje nínú ìfigagbága náà.
Output:
|
However, New Zealander Parker is also unbeaten in his 24 fights and brings with him the WBO belt.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
See one example below:
Problem: Lóde òní gbajúbajà ni àwọn àṣẹ CC lórí ayélujára tí àwọn oníṣẹ́-ọpọlọ jákèjádò ilé-ayé sì ń lò wọ́n fún èyí-ò-jọ̀yìí nǹkan tí o kò lérò.
Solution: Today CC licenses are prevalent across the web and are used by creators around the world for every type of content you can imagine.
Explanation: This is a good example because the Yoruba sentence has been translated correctly into English.
Problem: Gomina Tambuwal tún sọ pé "Bó tilẹ̀ jẹ́ pé ẹgbẹ́ alátakò APC ló pọ̀jù nílé ìgbìmò asojú ìpínlẹ̀ yìí, síbẹ̀ wọ́n tún ń sàtìlẹyìn fún ìjọba láti rí i pé wọ́n se ojúṣe wọn fún ìlọsíwájú ìpínlẹ̀ yìí ".
Solution:
|
“The assembly despite being controlled by the APC which is in the majority has rallied round the government and supported it in the interest of serving the people of the state,” the Governor said.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Lóde òní gbajúbajà ni àwọn àṣẹ CC lórí ayélujára tí àwọn oníṣẹ́-ọpọlọ jákèjádò ilé-ayé sì ń lò wọ́n fún èyí-ò-jọ̀yìí nǹkan tí o kò lérò.
Solution: Today CC licenses are prevalent across the web and are used by creators around the world for every type of content you can imagine.
Why? This is a good example because the Yoruba sentence has been translated correctly into English.
New input: Ojú tí kì í wo iná, tí kì í wo òòrùn; ojú tí ń báni dalẹ́ kọ́.
Solution:
|
Eyes that cannot stand lamplight, and that cannot stand sunlight, are not eyes that will last one until the twilight of one's life.
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 0
|
test
|
This task is about translating a given Yoruba language sentence to English.
Example: Lóde òní gbajúbajà ni àwọn àṣẹ CC lórí ayélujára tí àwọn oníṣẹ́-ọpọlọ jákèjádò ilé-ayé sì ń lò wọ́n fún èyí-ò-jọ̀yìí nǹkan tí o kò lérò.
Example solution: Today CC licenses are prevalent across the web and are used by creators around the world for every type of content you can imagine.
Example explanation: This is a good example because the Yoruba sentence has been translated correctly into English.
Problem: “ Ti mo bá sọ wí pé: tí ẹ ò bá mọ̀ wí pé ẹrú niyín, tí ẹ ò bá mọ̀ wí pé wọ́n yà yín sọ́tọ̀ tàbí wọ́n ń fara niyín, báwo lẹ ṣe fẹ́ jà láti gba ìtúsílẹ̀?
|
Solution: " And I say: If you don't know you're a slave, if you don't know you're isolated or oppressed, how do you fight to be free?
|
task1686_menyo20k_translation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
validation
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Ex Input:
Bacon_Explosion | ingredient | Sausage
Bacon_Explosion | region | Kansas_City_metropolitan_area
Ex Output:
Sausage in an ingredient in bacon explosion, originating from the Kansas City metropolitan area.
Ex Input:
Elliot_See | almaMater | University_of_Texas_at_Austin
Elliot_See | deathPlace | St._Louis
Elliot_See | birthDate | "1927-07-23"
Elliot_See | birthPlace | Dallas
Elliot_See | nationality | United_States
Ex Output:
Elliot See was born in Dallas in 1927. He was a student of the University of Texas at Austin and died in St Louis.
Ex Input:
Jens_Härtel | club | FSV_Zwickau
Ex Output:
|
Jens Hartel is attached to the club FSV Zwickau.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Example: Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol | runwayName | "09/27 'Buitenveldertbaan'"
Example solution: Amsterdam Airport Schipol runway name is 09/27 Buitenvelderbaan.
Example explanation: The simplest form of input is a single triple. Here the text describes the relationship in natural language.
Problem: Andrews_County_Airport | location | Texas
Texas | capital | Austin,_Texas
Texas | demonym | Texan
|
Solution: With its capital of Austin, Andrews County Airport is located in Texas where there are Texans.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Q: Bacon_sandwich | dishVariation | BLT
BLT | dishVariation | Club_sandwich
Bacon_sandwich | ingredient | Bacon
Bacon_sandwich | country | United_Kingdom
A: Bacon sandwiches come from the UK. The main ingredient is bacon and other variations include the BLT and a Club Sandwich.
****
Q: Afonso_Pena_International_Airport | cityServed | Curitiba
Curitiba | isPartOf | Paraná_(state)
Curitiba | leaderName | Democratic_Labour_Party_(Brazil)
A: Afonso Pena International Airport serves Curitiba, which is part of the State of Parana and led by the Democratic Labour Party of Brazil.
****
Q: School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University | city | Aarhus
School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University | academicStaffSize | 737
School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University | country | Denmark
School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University | latinName | "Universitas Aarhusiensis"
School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University | affiliation | European_University_Association
School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University | established | 1928
A:
|
The School of Business and Social Sciences at the Aarhus University in Aarhus, Denmark was established in 1928. It has 737 academic staff. It is affiliated to the European University Association and its Latin name is "Universitas Aarhusiensis".
****
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
[Q]: Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | president | "B.M. Reddy"
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | city | Bangalore
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | country | "India"
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | state | Karnataka
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | campus | "In Soldevanahalli, Acharya Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Hessarghatta Main Road, Bangalore – 560090."
Acharya_Institute_of_Technology | affiliation | Visvesvaraya_Technological_University
[A]: The Acharya Institute of Technology's campus is located in Soldevanahalli, Acharya Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan Road, Hessarghatta Main Road, Bangalore, Karnatka, 560090, India. Its president is B.M. Reddy and it is affiliated to the Visvesvaraya Technological University.
[Q]: A_Loyal_Character_Dancer | numberOfPages | "360"
[A]: A loyal Character Dancer is 360 pages long.
[Q]: Amdavad_ni_Gufa | location | Ahmedabad
[A]:
|
Amdavad ni Gufa is located in Ahmedabad.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
See one example below:
Problem: Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol | runwayName | "09/27 'Buitenveldertbaan'"
Solution: Amsterdam Airport Schipol runway name is 09/27 Buitenvelderbaan.
Explanation: The simplest form of input is a single triple. Here the text describes the relationship in natural language.
Problem: Asser_Levy_Public_Baths | location | Manhattan
Asser_Levy_Public_Baths | yearOfConstruction | 1904
Solution:
|
Asser Levy Public Baths, built in 1904, is located in Manhattan.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 4
|
train
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Ex Input:
Al_Asad_Airbase | operatingOrganisation | United_States_Air_Force
United_States_Air_Force | attackAircraft | Lockheed_AC-130
United_States_Air_Force | aircraftFighter | General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon
United_States_Air_Force | battles | United_States_invasion_of_Panama
Ex Output:
The Lockheed AC-130 (an attack aircraft) and the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon (aircraft fighter) are both used by the United States Air Force. It was involved in the Invasion of Panama and operates the Al Asad Airbase.
Ex Input:
AIDS_(journal) | academicDiscipline | HIV
AIDS_(journal) | academicDiscipline | HIV/AIDS
Ex Output:
The AIDS journal in concerned with the study of AIDS/ HIV.
Ex Input:
Aenir | numberOfPages | "233"
Aenir | ISBN_number | "0-439-17684-0"
Ex Output:
|
Aenir has a total of 233 pages and the ISBN number 0-439-17684-0.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
[EX Q]: Andrews_County_Airport | location | Texas
Texas | language | Spanish_language
Texas | country | United_States
[EX A]: Andrews County Airport is located in Texas, in the United States, where Spanish is spoken.
[EX Q]: Alan_B._Miller_Hall | location | Virginia
Alan_B._Miller_Hall | owner | College_of_William_&_Mary
Alan_B._Miller_Hall | completionDate | "1 June 2009"
[EX A]: The College of William and Mary own the Alan B. Miller Hall that was completed on June 1, 2009 and is located in Virginia.
[EX Q]: Allama_Iqbal_International_Airport | operatingOrganisation | Pakistan_Civil_Aviation_Authority
Pakistan | leaderName | Mamnoon_Hussain
Allama_Iqbal_International_Airport | location | Punjab,_Pakistan
Allama_Iqbal_International_Airport | cityServed | Lahore
Punjab,_Pakistan | country | Pakistan
[EX A]:
|
The Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority governs the Allama Iqbal International Airport in Lahore,Punjab, Pakistan. Mamnoon Hussain is the leader of Pakistan.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
train
|
Definition: You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Input: Italy | leader | Pietro_Grasso
Italy | demonym | Italians
A.S._Gubbio_1910 | ground | Italy
Italy | language | Italian_language
Output:
|
A S Gubbio's home ground is in Italy which is lead by Pietro Grasso. The language spoken is Italian and the people are known as Italians.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 2
|
train
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
Q: Bandeja_paisa | ingredient | Lemon
Antioquia_Department | country | Colombia
Lemon | family | Rutaceae
Bandeja_paisa | region | Antioquia_Department
A:
|
Lemon, part of the rutaceae family, is an ingredient in Bandeja paisa, a dish from the Antioquia Department region.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 4
|
test
|
You will be given one or more triples. The second part of each triple shows the relation between the first and the third element. Your task is to write a simple and short piece of text (sentence(s)) that describes the triples in natural language.
[EX Q]: Karnataka | has to its northeast | Telangana
[EX A]: Karnataka neighbors Telangana to its northeast.
[EX Q]: Al_Asad_Airbase | operatingOrganisation | United_States_Air_Force
United_States_Air_Force | attackAircraft | Lockheed_AC-130
United_States_Air_Force | aircraftFighter | General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon
United_States_Air_Force | battles | United_States_invasion_of_Panama
United_States_Air_Force | transportAircraft | Lockheed_C-130_Hercules
[EX A]: The United States Air Force, the entity that was involved in the Invasion of Panama, is the operating organisation for Al Asad airbase. The Lockheed AC 130 can be found on USAF aircraft carriers including the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon and the transport aircraft, the Lockheed C-130 Hercules.
[EX Q]: Bandeja_paisa | region | Antioquia_Department
Bandeja_paisa | ingredient | Chorizo
Bandeja_paisa | country | Colombian_cuisine
[EX A]:
|
Chorizo is an ingredient in Bandeja paisa which is considered typical Colombian cuisine and found in the Antioquia Department.
|
task1728_web_nlg_data_to_text
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 6
|
validation
|
Q: Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
He is dressed only in bathing trunks, and is vigorously cleaning his rug with a carpet sweeper. In the middle of his sweeping, he
A:
|
looks behind the telegraph and stretching.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
Q: Someone hands a camera to a goateed guy wearing a Ramones t - shirt. The goateed guy
A:
|
rocks his fists in frustration.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 9
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
Example Input: Straddling the chair, she peers down at his face. She
Example Output: stares longingly at his dying friend.
Example Input: The man is riding on the side of the car, the car is going side to side. The car
Example Output: stops and looks out onto the road.
Example Input: He approaches the turbaned loan officer who holds out a set of keys. Someone
Example Output:
|
is thrown uneasily, running in agony.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Q: Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
Two men are standing on a gym. A man
A:
|
stands holding an ax in his hand.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.
Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
Example: The girls continue to speak with one another while the girl knits. They
Output: put the bars around while speaking and play.
This is incorrect as the girls are not playing, they are knitting.
New input case for you: Inside the command truck, someone uses a phone. He
Output:
|
rises to his hotel, picking up a key card carrier and tablet.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 1
|
train
|
Q: Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
He is behind the counter when someone comes in. Someone's face
A:
|
bashes into one another.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 7
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
Example input: The girls continue to speak with one another while the girl knits. They
Example output: put the bars around while speaking and play.
Example explanation: This is incorrect as the girls are not playing, they are knitting.
Q: As someone crosses the room, the penguins follow. Later, someone
A:
|
waits outside an department store.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 3
|
train
|
Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
[Q]: Someone continues, making slow progress. Now, she
[A]: stumbles out of their rooms.
[Q]: Meanwhile, the chef is putting ingredients and explaining the process of what he is doing and why into the pan. Once the sauce he is creating starts to come together he
[A]: begins to taste her meat.
[Q]: He dismounts badly, falling over and landing on his back beside the mat. He
[A]:
|
stands in front of the half - covered doors which are in support.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
fs_opt
| 5
|
train
|
Instructions: Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
Input: Someone lies down and peers under the bed. The book
Output:
|
is framed by picture of a dead man walking away from us.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 3
|
test
|
You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context
A man in grey shirt applies plaster with a handheld spatula to the interior wall of a building. The main points to the corners of the room
Output:
|
showing a guy cement to the corners of the wood wall.
|
task454_swag_incorrect_answer_generation
|
NIv2
|
zs_opt
| 1
|
validation
|
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