question stringlengths 3 301 | answer stringlengths 9 7.04k | context listlengths 7 7 |
|---|---|---|
how exactly does a transformator transform energy to a lower voltage? | Do you mean a transformer? The EMF induced in the secondary coil is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil. More loops means a higher magnetic field (and therefore flux) inside the secondary coil. Less coils means less flux and therefore less induced EMF.
So in a step-down transformer, th... | [
"A transformer is a static device that converts alternating current from one voltage level to another level (higher or lower), or to the same level, without changing the frequency. A transformer transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils. A... |
how do people with a hearing impairment think words? i think the way words sound to me - how does it work for others? | You know that thing you do when you're thinking to yourself and your move your mouth as if you were speaking, but without actually speaking? That's called [subvocalization](_URL_0_), and you do it even when you don't want to. Whenever you read, whenever you think to yourself, you're subvocalizing subconsciously. Whe... | [
"When the difficult sound is mastered, the child will then learn to say the sound in syllables, then words, then phrases and then sentences. When a child can speak a whole sentence without lisping, attention is then focused on making correct sounds throughout natural conversation. Towards the end of the course of t... |
if the worst nfl teams always get the first (or early) round draft picks, why do the same teams continue to suck year after year? | The overall "best" player isn't necessarily the best fit for a team and its needs. Consistently getting high draft picks and not much improvement is a sign of poor management, simple as that.
| [
"Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual NFL draft. The draft rules were last updated in 2009. The team with the worst record the previous year picks first, the next-worst team second, and so on. Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular-season record with any remainin... |
what happens when im thinking of nothing? | Honestly you probably just get lost in studying the visual aspects of the thing you're looking at. I don't believe you can ever be truly without a thought. | [
"This does not mean that at one time it thinks but at another time it does not think, but when separated it is just exactly what it is, and this alone is deathless and everlasting (though we have no memory, because this sort of intellect is not acted upon, while the sort that is acted upon is destructible), and wit... |
How does the history of Nazi Germany and the Holocaust affect modern Germany? | How the past is interpreted and processed is perhaps the most important question for an historian, so I think the question is very relevant.
Germany has tried to find ways to come to terms with the past. The English language has actually used German terms for struggle, mainly [Vergangenheitsbewältigung](_URL_1_) and G... | [
"Others like Russell Jacoby contend that the Holocaust is a product of German history with deep roots in German society ranging from, \"German authoritarianism, feeble liberalism, brash nationalism or virulent antisemitism. From A. J. P. Taylor's \"The Course of German History\" fifty-five years ago to Daniel Goldh... |
What pieces of medieval/Renaissance garb still exist? | A room in an Austrian castle, sealed off in the 15th century, was recently opened. It contained many textiles, including undergarments and shoes. [Check out this write-up](_URL_0_)--at this point, the publicly available information seems quite scant, but I'm eager for the publication of an article on the finds! | [
"The unique decorated leather cover of the small Northumbrian St Cuthbert Gospel, the oldest Western bookbinding to survive unaltered, can be dated to 698 or shortly before. It uses incised lines, some colours, and relief decoration built up over cord and gesso or leather pieces. Larger prestige manuscripts had met... |
Why do things bounce? | Solid object deform when you apply forces to them. If an object has elasticity, it will tend to return to its original shape. Now imagine the case of a ball dropped. The ball gains some kinetic energy in its descent, and this energy, at impact serves to deform the both the ball as well as the ground. If the ground or t... | [
"The physics of a bouncing ball concerns the physical behaviour of bouncing balls, particularly its motion before, during, and after impact against the surface of another body. Several aspects of a bouncing ball's behaviour serve as an introduction to mechanics in high school or undergraduate level physics courses.... |
Why did Charles Cornwallis not face Washington directly after surrendering at Yorktown? Was this an attempt to slight Washington, and, if so, was it seen as dishonorable or childish? | Gen. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess and 2nd Earl Cornwallis, [surrendered to American forces on October 19th, 1781](_URL_0_) after two days of a ceasefire. It came after a week of fighting where British troops failed to advance or make any dent in the American and French forces who had surrounded them and were well... | [
"Washington had intended for his attack to be a second Trenton. Had everything gone according to plan, Washington may have trapped and destroyed a second major British force. Coupled with Burgoyne's defeat at Saratoga, the defeat of Howe at Germantown could have compelled Lord North and the British government to su... |
what is the difference between fruits and flowers? | A flower is the reproductive structure in flowering plants (called angiosperms). The purpose of a flower is to offer up & receive pollen from other flowers.
Flowers are often brightly coloured & scented to attract animals, & offer up substances like nectar to lure insects/birds into the flower, where they can p... | [
"Plant scientists have grouped fruits into three main groups, simple fruits, aggregate fruits, and composite or multiple fruits. The groupings are not evolutionarily relevant, since many diverse plant taxa may be in the same group, but reflect how the flower organs are arranged and how the fruits develop.\n",
"Fr... |
How did Napoleon III's reforms affect the later development of France's economy? | Napoleon III's probably most lasting economic reforms took place in the education and financial sectors. While in the short-term the lowering of tariffs across the board spurred productivity growth and encouraged foreign trade, in the long-term the true determinants of economic growth are threefold: population growth,... | [
"The French swept away centuries worth of outmoded restrictions and introduced unprecedented levels of efficiency. The chaos and barriers in a land divided and subdivided among many different petty principalities gave way to a rational, simplified, centralized system controlled by Paris and run by Napoleon's relati... |
Why was Theodore Roosevelt known as the "Trust Buster" when Taft broke up more trusts? | I'm confused by this question. Roosevelt gained his reputation as a trust buster during his presidency. Taft had not served as president yet. How would people know not to declare Roosevelt a trust buster because his successor would use the Sherman Act more aggressively? | [
"For his aggressive use of the 1890 Sherman Antitrust Act, compared to his predecessors, Roosevelt became mythologized as the \"trust-buster\"; but in reality he was more of a trust regulator. Roosevelt viewed big business as a necessary part of the American economy, and sought only to prosecute the \"bad trusts\" ... |
"unincorporated" small town | Some people see unincorporated as a positive. In a city, there's essentially four levels of government that people live under: city, county, state and federal. In an unincorporated region, it's just county, state and federal. Less government is a plus to some. | [
"An unincorporated community may be part of a census-designated place (CDP). A CDP is an area defined by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only. It is a populated area that generally includes one officially designated but currently unincorporated community, for which the CDP is named, plus su... |
How is the historical argument of David Graeber's "Debt: The First 5000 Years" viewed? | I always find it hilarious when non-lawyers discuss legal topics (e.g. money and contracts).
So, without giving this gentleman from Yale too much credit, and taking into account that only so much can be expected from him as long as he is speaking outside of his area of speciality, I present to you the first error:
"T... | [
"Debt: The First 5,000 Years is a book by anthropologist David Graeber published in 2011. It explores the historical relationship of debt with social institutions such as barter, marriage, friendship, slavery, law, religion, war and government; in short, much of the fabric of human life in society. It draws on the ... |
what exactly happens to person when they're only awake during the night? | You get really fucked up. Shift work is worse as my body can attest. But straight nights causes your body to go all haywire. Basically your body doesn't work well, not receiving Vitamin D, Metabolism diminishes, you're more likely to have heart conditions, blue like also messes you up on nights. I can't recall the a... | [
"It is common for patients who have difficulty falling asleep to also have nocturnal awakenings with difficulty returning to sleep. Two-thirds of these patients wake up in the middle of the night, with more than half having trouble falling back to sleep after a middle-of-the-night awakening.\n",
"People with norm... |
is there a correlation between how hard you blow and the size of a bubble? if not what defines the size of a bubble? | It's liquid tension - the harder you blow the more force is pushed against the inside of the bubble which has more potential to pop it. A slow smooth bubble will allow more surface area without breaking liquid tension | [
"When two bubbles merge, they adopt a shape which makes the sum of their surface areas as small as possible, compatible with the volume of air each bubble encloses. If the bubbles are of equal size, their common wall is flat. If they aren't the same size, their common wall bulges into the larger bubble, since the s... |
why is snot green. | When your body first makes it, it's clear. But it's like fly paper. It's there to catch debris going into your nose. So stuff gets mixed in, and if you do have an infection, your white blood cells can turn it green (something in them is oxidizing in the atmosphere) | [
"Malachite green is an organic compound that is used as a dyestuff and controversially as an antimicrobial in aquaculture. Malachite green is traditionally used as a dye for materials such as silk, leather, and paper. Despite its name the dye is not prepared from the mineral malachite, and the name just comes from ... |
why did the special effects industry move from bluescreen to greenscreen? | _URL_0_
This portion:
Processing a green backdrop[edit source | editbeta]
Green is currently used as a backdrop more than any other color because image sensors in digital video cameras are most sensitive to green, due to the bayer pattern allocating more pixels to the green channel, mimicking the human eye's increase... | [
"The first special effects in the cinema were created while the film was being shot. These came to be known as \"in-camera\" effects. Later, optical and digital effects were developed so that editors and visual effects artists could more tightly control the process by manipulating the film in post-production.\n",
... |
citizens united v. federal election commission | It used to be that corporations were allowed to run things called **Issue Ads**, but were not allowed to support actual candidates. So they could run an ad saying, "Support Solar Energy" but not "Support Candidate 'A.'"
Citizens United decided that this was an unreasonable restraint on a corporation's and union's rig... | [
"Another Supreme Court case related to the issue is \"Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission\". The dispute was over whether Citizens United, a non-profit corporation, had the same right to fund political campaigns as a person. In this controversial case, the Supreme Court's 5-4 decision favored Citizen Uni... |
How did the US Marines and National Guard come to have their own air arms? | Let me correct a few misconceptions.
The US Marine Corps is NOT a part of the US Navy. It falls under the Department of the Navy for administrative purposes but is a separate arm in its own right for operational purposes. Furthermore, Marine Aviation did not come about in World War 2. It dates back, for all intents an... | [
"The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is currently the largest and only marine combined-arms force in the world. Created in 1775, it was originally intended only to guard naval vessels during the American Revolutionary War. While the USMC is a component part of the US Department of the Navy in the military command... |
Would we know if another animal on our planet reached a state of sentience/sapience to the level of reason? | It all depends on how you define sentience:
* Elephants are known to [grieve and bury their dead.](_URL_6_)
* Apes are known to [wage war on each other,](_URL_0_) (I've seen actual footage of an attack in a forest but can't find it now) [make tools,](_URL_5_) and even [weapons](_URL_1_)
* Chimps are commonly used fo... | [
"\"Convergent evidence indicates that non-human animals [...], including all mammals and birds, and other creatures, [...] have the necessary neural substrates of consciousness and the capacity to exhibit intentional behaviors.\"\n",
"Wilson's (1984) biophilia hypothesis is based on the premise that our attachmen... |
what's up with the "num lk" on keyboards and what possible scenario would i want the number pad to not work? | Num lock turns the numpad into arrows.
_URL_0_ | [
"Since ThinkPad computers have a nub that is responsive to pressure in a direction, and there is a patent for this, other companies have made it so a person has to move the finger a large distance to cause the nub to rock from side to side in a much less efficient way.\n",
"LOMAK is an acronym for Light Operated ... |
do birds stop migrating? i mean, do i have birds in my city that consider this home base, or is every bird i see just pit stopping on their way to somewhere else? | Some birds stay all winter long. Robins and crows are 2 that I can think of. Bald eagles too. | [
"Migrating birds can lose their way and appear outside their normal ranges. This can be due to flying past their destinations as in the \"spring overshoot\" in which birds returning to their breeding areas overshoot and end up further north than intended. Certain areas, because of their location, have become famous... |
Why are some planets / moons in our solar system so uniformly colored? | I might not be the best person to answer this question, but I'll take a stab at it.
Disregarding life, vegetation, atmosphere, and the ocean (none of which are present in the moon), the Earth would actually look quite a bit more homogeneous than it does now. Much of the variation that would be present would be sure t... | [
"Each planet's system displays slightly different characteristics. Jupiter's irregulars are grey to slightly red, consistent with C, P and D-type asteroids. Some groups of satellites are observed to display similar colours (see later sections). Saturn's irregulars are slightly redder than those of Jupiter.\n",
"A... |
do people who speak "faster" languages think faster? | No, Spanish has more consonant clusters and news reporters etc will always talk really fast but they're producing the same amount of information. Another example would be written Chinese where each character has a whole meaning which is different to english which depends on an alphabet to build words. Even though a few... | [
"Speedsters may at times use the ability to speed-read at incredible rates and in doing so, process vast amounts of information. Whatever knowledge they acquire in this manner is usually temporary. Their ability to think fast also allows them some immunity to telepathy, as their thoughts operate at a rate too rapid... |
How does movement on a quantum scale work? | > they have to be somewhere?
A tidal wave has to be somewhere, but you can't determine its location more precisely that a few meters. For a ship, you could define it's center of mass and find that location very precisely, but something like a wave doesn't even have a well-defined shape. | [
"In Schenkerian theory, a scale-step () is a triad (based on one of the diatonic scale degrees) that is perceived as an organizing force for a passage of music (in accordance with the principle of composing-out). In \"Harmony\", Schenker gives the following example and asserts that \n",
"Motion estimation is the ... |
When batteries run out in a Gameboy then you turn it back on, it can run for a short while. Why? | While the device is on it is consuming power. Placing an electrical load on the battery causes the voltage to "sag" a little. Once the voltage sags below a certain point, the device detects it as a dead battery. Turning off the device relieves the batteries of the load and the chemical reaction inside the cells quickly... | [
"The Game Boy Battery Pack sold for about $30 USD. The battery peripheral itself is roughly 3 in. long, 2 in. wide, and 0.5 in. thick. One end sprouts a thin cable that ends by being plugged into the external power jack of the Game Boy, while the other end connects to a standard mains plug. The first version of it ... |
why is turning your computer off at the powerpoint, rather than shutting it down properly, bad? | When you're done brushing your teeth, you can carefully wash your toothbrush and put it in its little holder. You can also just throw it down onto the countertop and walk away. Doing it that way will *usually* work, but there's a chance that someone will knock it onto the floor or get some hair on it.
Turning off a co... | [
"To shut down or power off a computer is to remove power from a computer's main components in a controlled way. After a computer is shut down, main components such as CPUs, RAM modules and hard disk drives are powered down, although some internal components, such as an internal clock, may retain power.\n",
"The u... |
the legalization of marijuana in colorado. | According to [this article](_URL_0_) people 21 years of age can purchase it from specially regulated retail stores, and adults can grow up to 6 plants for personal use. Public use and driving under the influence is still illegal. | [
"Colorado is open to cannabis (marijuana) tourism. With the adoption of their 64th state amendment in 2013, Colorado became the first state in the union to legalize the medicinal (2000), industrial (2013), and recreational (2014) use of marijuana. Colorado's marijuana industry sold $1.31 billion worth of marijuana ... |
why does mankind need a higher power like god to explain our existence? | Long story short? Fear. Fear of what we can't understand, fear of the unknown, fear of what comes next. They take comfort in having answers, even if they are completely bullshit. | [
"Throughout history power is typically seen to be a very dangerous and destructive element in people's lives. It is a canker to society or is wicked if you will. Some theorists believe that power itself is actually in fact morally neutral. It is the results of power that determine whether or not power is seen as go... |
how to plants that react to touch like the venus flytrap of the sensitive mimosa work? | If I remember correctly, for the Venus flytrap, there’s sensitive hairs on at the ‘clamping’ area. It takes lots of energy though, so when one hair is triggered, there’s a timing mechanism that’s set off. Only if multiple hairs are ‘moved’ within a set timeframe does the plant exert substantial energy to close the trap... | [
"Electrical signaling experiments were conducted on \"Mimosa pudica\", where 1.3–1.5 volts and 2–10 µC of charge acted as the threshold to induce closing of the leaves. This topic was further explored in 2017 by neuroscientist Greg Gage who connected \"Mimosa pudica\" to \"Dionaea muscipula\", better known as the V... |
If mesons carry the force that binds protons and neutrons together, do other composite bosons (like helium nuclei, for example) carry their own forces as well? | The answer is kind of yes and no. The mesons that bind nucleons together (via what's often called the residual strong force) act as gauge bosons (much like the fundamental force carriers) associated with emergent broken symmetries of QCD, so they actually play something of a special role.
But in a more general sense, ... | [
"The residual strong force is thus a minor residuum of the strong force that binds quarks together into protons and neutrons. This same force is much weaker \"between\" neutrons and protons, because it is mostly neutralized \"within\" them, in the same way that electromagnetic forces between neutral atoms (van der ... |
Is it possible that the dark matter is actually stars with Dyson spheres around them so we can't see them? | Nice idea, but it won't work. There are a few reasons:
(1) We know dark matter does not feel the electromagnetic force. If the dark matter were Dyson spheres, from absorbing the energy of the stars they surround, they would radiate in the infrared, and so we'd detect this. In fact, people have looked, and [no Dyson... | [
"In 2008 a study was published showing that M94 had very little or no dark matter present. The study analyzed the rotation curves of the galaxy's stars and the density of hydrogen gas and found that ordinary luminous matter appeared to account for all of the galaxy's mass. This result was unusual and somewhat contr... |
why aren't aol-style chat rooms still a thing? | They are. Most proprietary formats have died out, but many people still user IRC. The Freenode network is the most popular, and many communities have channels there. You might have better luck just logging onto Freenode or looking for IRC directories.
There are more ad-hoc sites like Tinychat, or group conversations h... | [
"Third party chat servers were used primarily to host chat rooms on the network. This is because of the improved administration systems in third party servers as well as the ability to host a chat room without having to use the winmx client. Some Third party chat clients also contained useful shortcuts or menus to ... |
How do chemists produce a weakened state of a disease to create vaccines? How can they confidently determine the disease is ready to be used as a vaccination? | It depends on the vaccine.
The simplest to imagine are whole-cell vaccines against bacterial diseases: simply kill off the bacteria. Since they are dead they can no longer infect anyone - but they will still contain all the antigens (structures that antibodies can bind to) that will make the immune system recognize th... | [
"By identifying the antigens responsible for a particular immune response, it is possible to identify viable targets for novel drugs. In addition, specific antigens can further be classified based on immunoreactivity for identification of future potential vaccine preparations. In addition to the identification of v... |
why are / were there flag bearers in armies | It's to accomplish the same thing as radios and computers in today's modern armies. Communication. Imagine a battlefield filled with thousands of people, many wearing the same uniform. But each small unit with a different mission. The flag or more precisely guidon is a point of rally for those in the small unit as well... | [
"Prior to 1956 the Army was the only armed service without a flag, official or otherwise, to represent the entire service. In 1955, prompted by the need for a flag to represent the U.S. Army in joint service ceremonies, Secretary of the Army Wilber M. Brucker requested the creation of an army flag.\n",
"Military ... |
sports eli5: why are sports playoffs like hockey and baseball best out of 7 but american football is single elimination? | football is *way* too demanding physically to be played multiple times a week. this in addition to if they did have a series and it was played out once a week the playoffs would last months. | [
"Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League are three professional sports that feature best-of-seven games series in their playoffs. Coming back to win a seven-game series when down by three games has only been accomplished by four National Hockey League teams and onl... |
I'm an innkeeper during the High Middle Ages in Europe. What is my life like? | As far as customers at your inn are concerned, you would most often see the traveling lords and vassals, members of the church, and possibly a small number of the artisan/merchant class. Serfs themselves were forbidden from leaving their fiefs without explicit permission and instruction from their local lord, and in so... | [
"BULLET::::- \"The Eighteenth-century English Inn: a transient \"Golden Age\" \" in B. Kümin & B.A. Tlusty (Eds.) (2002) \"The World of the Tavern: Public Houses in Early Modern Europe\", Ashgate, Aldershot, pp. 205-226.\n",
"A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries... |
They say as babies our bones are mostly cartilage. How does this change occur as we grow older and why is it advantageous to do so? | Bone growth can occur by one of two processes: endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification. But to understand those in detail you have to understand exactly what bone is.
Bone is a highly active tissue, with important hormonal, structural, hematological, and immunological functions. Your skeleton receiv... | [
"About the time of birth in mammals, a secondary ossification center appears in each end (epiphysis) of long bones. Periosteal buds carry mesenchyme and blood vessels in and the process is similar to that occurring in a primary ossification center. The cartilage between the primary and secondary ossification center... |
Why is physics so goddamn confusing? An acceleration question. | I don't understand what problem you're asking about. It's very possible for a mathematical function to go from zero to nonzero without its derivative jumping to infinity, so if you're modeling velocity as a mathematical function there's no problem here. In addition, there's nothing special about zero velocity; if you d... | [
"Proper acceleration (the acceleration 'felt' by the object being accelerated) is the rate of change of rapidity with respect to proper time (time as measured by the object undergoing acceleration itself). Therefore, the rapidity of an object in a given frame can be viewed simply as the velocity of that object as w... |
My mom inherited a photo album which once belonged to a WW2 German soldier. Can anyone recognize any of these faces? (imgur link) | Ok! I think I have something
Hitler receives a briefing on the tactical situation in Poland from General List (with glasses). Behind Hitler are General Keitel and General Yodl (with forage cap) both of the Supreme Armed Forces HQ. Sept 1939.
_URL_0_
List?
_URL_3_
_URL_4_
Keitel (back) and List?
_URL_2_
Keitel 2nd ... | [
"The album contains 116 photographs, all in black and white, almost all of them featuring German officers. It is believed to have been the property of Höcker because he appears in far more of the images than any other individual. On the title page underneath a picture of Höcker and Baer written is \"With the Comman... |
how will the james webb space telescope look for alien life? where will astronomers look first and what type of life might it detect? | So there are 2 ways we can observe planets:
1) When a planet passes between us and a distant star, the light dims. It also changes the color of the star's light. The difference in color and the amount of dimness tell us about the size of the planet and the chemical composition of it's light reflecting atmosphere (if i... | [
"Interstellar spacecraft may be detectable from hundreds to thousands of light-years away through various forms of radiation, such as the photons emitted by an antimatter rocket or cyclotron radiation from the interaction of a magnetic sail with the interstellar medium. Such a signal would be easily distinguishable... |
What attempts have there been throughout recent history (most likely during genocides) to specifically erase the culture of a group? | Raphael Lemkin, the man who coined the term "genocide", defined it this way:
> Generally speaking, genocide does not necessarily mean the immediate destruction of a nation, except when accomplished by mass killings of all members of a nation. It is intended rather to signify a coordinated plan of different actions ai... | [
"Some scholars, among them Lemkin, have argued that cultural genocide, sometimes called ethnocide, should also be recognized. A people may continue to exist, but if they are prevented from perpetuating their group identity by prohibitions against cultural and religious practices that are the basis of that identity,... |
if everybody has dynamic ip addresses now, how do websites ban people? | Many people don't have dynamic IP's, and there are other ways to determine someone's identity, especially the average child who gets banned and wants back. Having said that, as you can see from the endless parade of "young" accounts in places like T_D, Politics, and anything with "New" in it... there are limits. A dedi... | [
"Although IP addresses of government and business entities are easily added to a list of IP addresses to be blocked, there is no means for PeerGuardian to block access by a government or business using an undocumented IP address to identify people engaged in copyright infringement or other possibly unlawful activit... |
Why was there no invasion by sea of the north of Germany? | While more can be said, I've previously discussed British plans for amphibious assaults during WWI in the following threads:
* [
I was listening to the podcast on the Battle of Jutland, and "..Land a million Russians north of Berlin, and boom..The War's over in a few weeks" caught my ear.](_URL_2_)
* [Why didn't the t... | [
"In the event of invasion, the Royal Navy would have sailed to the landing places, possibly taking several days. It is now known that the Germans planned to land on the southern coast of England; one reason for this site was that the narrow seas of the English Channel could be blocked with mines, submarines and tor... |
what was the quiet revolution in quebec? | "The Quiet Revolution, which is a term applied to the changes that took place in Quebec from the late 1950's to the late 60's, was a time of great change in the province. The politics and social life of Quebec had been dictated by the Provincial Premier Maurice Duplessis since the 1930's and in a sense it was a throw b... | [
"The Quiet Revolution (or \"Révolution tranquille\") began in Quebec when Jean Lesage became premier in 1960. It was, essentially, a peaceful nationalist movement to transform Quebec into a modern secular state. It was characterised by rapid secularization, the creation of a welfare state, and the transformation of... |
so, murdering is pretty illegal. in times of war, why is it not illegal to kill an enemy soldier and why aren't there ramifications for it? is there a special set of laws in place when nations are at war? | Yes, there are certain international 'laws' and treaties that we use to regulate a war. The two most famous ones are the Hague Conventions of 1889 and 1907. In these treaties the participating nations outlined what is wrong (a war crime) during a war, and what is considered to be acceptable. They also tried to distingu... | [
"BULLET::::- Killing of enemy combatants who have not surrendered by lawful combatants, in accordance with lawful orders in war, is also generally not considered murder; although illicit killings within a war may constitute murder or homicidal war crimes. (see the Laws of war article)\n",
"Proper authority is wha... |
Why is veiling a practice done today and in history almost entirely by women? Why isn't veiling done among men? | I'm not sure the premise of the question here is accurate for two reasons.
1) Veiling suggests a covering of the *face*. There is - to my knowledge anyway - no religion that mandates a full face covering. Even the examples you cite are not veils covering the face, but various forms of hair coverings (so hijab, "Chris... | [
"A veil is an article of clothing or hanging cloth that is intended to cover some part of the head or face, or an object of some significance. Veiling has a long history in European, Asian, and African societies. The practice has been prominent in different forms in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The practice of... |
hi, i'm not smart but i know how to read, can someone tell me why rockets/spaceships don't go straight up into space but instead curve ? and are they controlling that or does it happen naturally? | An orbit requires a large sideways velocity in order to avoid falling back to Earth. But air gets in the way of going that fast so they first get high then turn to the side to accelerate. They certainly control every aspect of that curved launch path. | [
"\"And then, once you get beyond a certain scale, you just can't make the plane big enough. When you drop...the rocket, you have the slight problem that you're not going the right direction. If you look at what Orbital Sciences did with Pegasus, they have a delta wing to do the turn maneuver but then you've got thi... |
Has anyone in the CIA faced legal consequences for MKUltra, or for covering up MKUltra? | Project MK-ULTRA was first exposed in 1975 by the Church Committee and Gerald Ford's Rockefeller Commission. It got a lot of bad press, coming on the heels of Watergate at a time when outrage over the executive branch and distrust of gov't officials was already widespread ([you can see the WashPo article for it here.](... | [
"Project MKULTRA was a CIA program which involved, among other projects, research on the use of drugs in behavior modification. One of the most controversial cases arising from the program was the death of Dr. Frank Olson, a scientist who worked in the Special Operations Division of the U.S. Army Biological Center ... |
why do automotive engines idle around the same rpm regardless of number of cylinder count? | So the alternator can charge the battery. And you will have enough torque to move effectively. | [
"Idle speed (or idle) is the rotational speed an engine runs at when the engine is idling, that is when the engine is uncoupled from the drivetrain and the throttle pedal is not depressed. In combustion engines, idle speed is generally measured in revolutions per minute (rpm) of the crankshaft. At idle speed, the e... |
why are there no huge animals? | Oxygen percentage in the atmosphere. When it was about twice as much as it is now, we had dinosaurs and insects as large as dogs. Give it a little higher percentage and who knows what could have roamed the earth | [
"A small bodied animal has a greater capacity to be more abundant than a large bodied one. Purely as a function of geometry many more small things can be packed into a given space than can large things into the same area. However, these limits are generally never reached in ecological systems as other resources bec... |
how to companies benefit from letting you file your taxes for free | E-filing your taxes costs them basically nothing. So while you're doing your 1040EZ for free they can advertise their other services to you.
It's a good way to get your eyeballs on their site for a guaranteed 20-30 minutes. | [
"Individuals have the option of both free and paid tax software. Recently a feature from the IRS called FreeFile allows users to file their individual tax returns for free. It is also possible to go through an authorized efile company that files Form 1040 with a service charge. FreeFile is free, it's an easy step b... |
why do farts sometines feel like bubbles popping when they come out? | The gases that were initially roaming free and occupying the wider breadths of your intestines now have to squeeze into the narrow constriction of your sphincter. This pressurizes them akin to packing into a bubble, and as the sphincter relaxes and contracts that gives you your pop. | [
"Bubbles are generated when two distinct paths start and end at the same nodes. Normally bubbles are caused by errors or biological variants. These errors are removed using the Tour Bus algorithm, which is similar to a Dijkstra's algorithm, a breadth-first search that detects the best path to follow and determines ... |
since we're all moving at very high speed in space caused by the 1.rotation and 2.revolution of our a.planet, b.solar system, c.galaxy, etc.. how do we know that our measurements of distance are accurate? | That's the basis of one of Einsteins biggest theories. The gist of it goes that all observations around you are based off of the Frame of reference you are in.
For example. Two astronauts are next to each other and use a jetpack to move away in opposite directions. To one astronaut it would seem that he is standing s... | [
"The tangential speed of Earth's rotation at a point on Earth can be approximated by multiplying the speed at the equator by the cosine of the latitude. For example, the Kennedy Space Center is located at latitude 28.59° N, which yields a speed of: cos 28.59° × 1674.4 km/h = 1470.2 km/h.\n",
"Thus, for example, i... |
What did Eva Perón actually do for Argentina? | To some extent, I agree with your assessment. The praise lavished on her, going so far as to call her a saint, goes beyond the scope of her accomplishments. She didn’t end poverty in Argentina. She didn’t destroy inequality. She didn’t create an worker-centered economy that withstood the shocks of modernity. And s... | [
"In 1951, Eva Perón announced her candidacy for the Peronist nomination for the office of Vice President of Argentina, receiving great support from the Peronist political base, low-income and working-class Argentines who were referred to as \"descamisados\" or \"shirtless ones\". Opposition from the nation's milita... |
In the High Middle Ages, what sort of unarmed combat training did knights receive? | I actually do some of this!* It's a lot of grappling and what is best compared to judo. You train mostly out of armor, but most of it translates very well to armored combat too. The only differences between armored and unarmored are the places you can hit and your center gravity. Punching someone in plate isn't going t... | [
"In peacetime, knights often demonstrated their martial skills in tournaments, which usually took place on the grounds of a castle. Knights can parade their armour and banner to the whole court as the tournament commenced. Medieval tournaments were made up of martial sports called \"hastiludes\", and were not only ... |
what is the difference between casualty and property insurance? | Casualty is for people and property is for items? | [
"Casualty insurance insures against accidents, not necessarily tied to any specific property. It is a broad spectrum of insurance that a number of other types of insurance could be classified, such as auto, workers compensation, and some liability insurances.\n",
"Casualty insurance is mainly liability coverage o... |
can fighter aircraft detect when they’ve been “locked on” like in the movies, if they can, how do they know? | Yes, it's absolutely possible for a fighter craft to know it's been locked onto.
In order to home in on something, you have to know where it is, and one way to know where things are is to use *radar* -- that is, send out a beam of radio waves that bounces off of objects and comes back to the transmitter, painting a pi... | [
"Just prior to World War II, Royal Air Force tests with the new Chain Home (CH) radars had demonstrated that relaying information to the fighter aircraft directly from the radar sites was not feasible. The radars determined the map coordinates of the enemy, but could generally not see the fighters at the same time.... |
Did flightless birds like ostriches evolve from surviving Dromaesaurs or flying birds? | There was a great article in National Geographic from May of this year that explains this. [Here it is.](_URL_0_)
Here is the basic answer though: all flightless birds likely trace their ancestry back to a flying relative. They likely began in the southern section of Pangea and when that broke up they were dispersed a... | [
"As only tentative inferences can be made about the habits of \"Eremopezus\", it is not clear why it became extinct. Still, nothing even remotely resembling a possible descendant is known or inferred, making it rather likely that its lineage did not progress very far. It is sometimes believed that flightless birds ... |
After decolonization in Africa why did so many nations keep the native language of their colonizers as their official language rather than returning to their historic, local languages? | The borders you see today are not necessarily drawn based off which group of people live where. But more remnants of colonial administrative districts. Two different peoples speaking two different languages will fall back on the common one, regardless of its origins. Therefore the use of ex-colonial languages.
_URL_1_... | [
"After gaining independence, many African countries, in the search for national unity, selected one language, generally the former colonial language, to be used in government and education. However, in recent years, African countries have become increasingly supportive of maintaining linguistic diversity. Language ... |
how do cinemagraphs work? | They are .gifs someone takes a video or a segment of a video and they cut and play with it until it's seamless.
The start of the .gif has to match the end as best the editor can perceive. | [
"Cinemagraphs are made by taking a series of photographs or a video recording, and, using image editing software, compositing the photographs or the video frames into a seamless loop of sequential frames. This is done in such a way that motion in part of the subject between exposures (for example, a person's dangli... |
in gay marriage ban challenges, why is there never a reference to the full faith and credit clause? | Because they are not arguing for their marriages in one state to be recognized in another state (most of the time), they are arguing for the right to be married in that state. Different point on the timeline. For the Full Faith and Credit clause to be in effect, the couple would have to be married already, which is l... | [
"The proposed legislation raises Constitutional questions in relation to the Full Faith and Credit Clause. Joanna Grossman, writing for FindLaw, emphasized \"the need for the federal courts to weigh in\", rather than for states to continue making a public-policy exception when deciding the status of same-sex relati... |
When fish take out oxygen from water, do they leave behind hydrogen? Or how does that work? | Fish take oxygen (O2) that is *[dissolved in the water](_URL_1_)*, not the oxygen from the water (H2O) molecule.
Further, taking out oxygen from water is a chemical reaction, not a nuclear one. While it takes a lot more energy than filtering out oxygen gas from water, [you can do it with a battery](_URL_0_) instead of... | [
"Laboratory tests conducted by fish culturists in recent years have demonstrated that common household hydrogen peroxide can be used safely to provide oxygen for small fish. The hydrogen peroxide releases oxygen by decomposition when it is exposed to catalysts such as manganese dioxide.\n",
"Dissolved oxygen (DO)... |
Why did soldiers in the Civil War assume aliases? | I haven't read much about the use of aliases during the American Civil War, but something called "bounty jumping" was indeed a practice people engaged in, and this would likely involve the use of an alias. So during the war, one could earn a bonus for voluntarily enlisting in the army (the idea being that you might get... | [
"Although it is unknown what led Lanning to use an alias, aliases were common in the Civil War, often used to prevent people's families from finding them. Lanning was additionally estranged from a number of people in his family; in his widow's pension file, Lanning remarks to his aunt about his deceased parents in ... |
how do they get bottles to break over people's heads so easily in movies? | It's usually sugar glass. Here's [the wiki for it](_URL_1_)
IndyMogul also [has a good how-to video](_URL_0_) if you want to make your own. | [
"The vast majority of bottle cages consist of a single hoop of metal tubing or rod bent to hold the bottle snugly and engage the top, or an indentation in the case of larger bottles, to prevent it from bouncing out.\n",
"To shotgun a beverage, a small hole is punched in the side of the can, close to the bottom. I... |
why are we more attracted to a person when they're tan? | Are we? This seems much more like a personal preference than a universal truth. I searched for your question and found an answer [here](_URL_0_). | [
"Improving appearance is the most-cited reason. Studies show that tanned skin has semiotic power, signifying health, beauty, youth and the ability to seduce. Women, in particular, say not only that they prefer their appearance with tanned skin, but that they receive the same message from friends and family, especia... |
The Emperor of China was believed to be the ruler of all under heaven. If so, what were their opinions of foreign rulers? | Your understanding is exactly right. Even until the late 1800s the majority of the Chinese literati felt outraged as the notion that their Emperor is addressed as an equal by foreign entities. I will give you a few examples:
1) The rivalry of China and Japan could be traced to the point where Japanese rulers were proc... | [
"The center of this world view was not exclusionary in nature, and outer groups, such as ethnic minorities and foreign people, who accepted the mandate of the Chinese Emperor were themselves received and included into the Chinese \"tianxia\". In classical Chinese political thought, the \"Son of Heaven\" (Emperor of... |
when a large animal at a zoo dies, what is done with its body? | according to a roommate who worked at a zoo, they are often fed to other animals. | [
"The zoo witnessed a series of animal deaths in 2004 and 2005. In August 2004, a Lion-tailed macaque was found mysteriously dead. An emu and a tiger were also reported to have died mysteriously. On 4 September 2004, an elephant died, reportedly of acute hemorrhagic enteritis and respiratory distress. It was reporte... |
What are the rarest cells in the human body that have an important function? | Long-Term Hematopoetic stem cells - These are hematopoetic stem cells that single-handedly have the power to recreate your entire bone marrow and hematopoetic system; we do not know exactly how many of them are there in each human individual, but in mice, for example they just constitute 0.00019% of the cells in just t... | [
"Due to the different array of markers expressed in these cells, it is difficult to specify their exact cell-type and function. Newer findings propose that pituitary FS cells are made up of groups of cells with disparate immunophenotypes and are not a homogeneous population; however, it still isn't clear if these g... |
why do phone calls consume the most battery on a cell phone? | The answer to both questions is related.
Transmitting a reasonable facsimile of your voice through radio waves is data-intensive. Compare, for example, the size of a digitally-compressed music file (~5 megabytes) to the size of the transcript of its lyrics (1 kilobyte, less than 1/5000 the size). You could send 5000... | [
"The 999 phone charging myth is an urban myth which claims that if a mobile phone has low battery then dialing 999 (or any regional emergency number) charges the phone so it has more power. This was confirmed as a myth by several British police forces who publicly cited the dangers of making such calls.\n",
"The ... |
What are the effects of the smoke generated by the fires in Australia? | Hi! Atmospheric chemistry PhD here. I researched wildfire smoke composition and health effects in graduate school. I'm currently doing postdoctoral research in medicine trying to understand the finer details of air pollution toxicity.
Here's a few quick things about wildfire smoke!
**What's in the smoke?**
A complex... | [
"Haze is caused by \"hotspots\" (zones with high temperature levels as seen via satellite imagery) in Malaysia and Indonesia. Lingering smoke from forest fires on the Indonesian island of Sumatra are identified as the primary cause. Farmers regularly burn scrub and forest to clear land during the dry season for agr... |
scary movie decisions | Understanding this is as simple/complicated as understanding the nature of art and catharsis itself.
If the end goal is to stimulate a psychosomatic response in the viewer, certain tropes prove effective towards that end goal. They're not painting rational life portraits--they're just storytellers, executing their cra... | [
"On working with feature movies: \"You need to be honest, because this way your audience will be able to identify with the topic and the hero. My role, as an artist, is to prepare a text with open questions and hide the fact that I have an answer key. Questions will provoke audience to discuss the film and seek new... |
What happens when a bee or wasp hitches a ride in your car, then gets out of the car a long distance from home? | According to a study by the Australian National University, bees are very good at finding their way home, even over long dustances, and often rely on the position of the sun, the polarisation of light in the sky, the panorama view of the horizon and landmarks including towers, mountains or lakes.
From that article: “I... | [
"If you slowly approach a perched individual during hot weather then it may repeatedly fly up and grab any mosquitoes or freeloader flies circling around you, often returning to its original perch to feed for several minutes after each catch.\n",
"In 2010 the Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) issu... |
Why is it not yet economically viable to genetically engineer an organism to produce motor fuel from waste materials? | There are certainly gas-producing organisms that generate methane from garbage, and in fact there are efforts to commercialize this kind of technology (look up 'biogas').
The problem is these processes are not very efficient. The molecules you are talking about have an extremely high energy density, and it's difficult... | [
"With the potential future creation of man-made unicellular organisms, some are beginning to consider the effect that these organisms will have on biomass already present. Scientists estimate that within the next few decades, organism design will be sophisticated enough to accomplish tasks such as creating biofuels... |
Why can't phone chargers/ charging ports have a higher voltage, thus charging faster? | They do. Various "QuickCharge" technologies use higher voltage output (compared to the default 5V) on the charger to allow for faster charging.
Since almost all phones (and other mobile devices) use a USB port (micro-USB or USB-C) for charging, most manufacturers tended to stick to the USB specifications to prevent co... | [
"Since these currents are larger than in the original standard, the extra voltage drop in the cable reduces noise margins, causing problems with High Speed signaling. Battery Charging Specification 1.1 specifies that charging devices must dynamically limit bus power current draw during High Speed signaling; 1.2 spe... |
What are some historians' opinions on Jan Gross' book Golden Harvest which is about Polish collaboration with Nazi atrocities against Jews? | I'm not a historian, nor have I read the book, but.. Fear makes otherwise decent people do terrible, terrible things, like collaborating with Nazis. You could point fingers at basically any country that was controlled by the Reich for a period of time and find collaborators, even among the Jews themselves. That's not e... | [
"Historian Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe, writing in \"H-Soz-Kult\", reviewed three books: \"Judenjagd\" by Grabowski, \"It Was Such a Beautiful Sunny Day\" by Barbara Engelking, and \"Golden Harvest\" by Jan T. Gross. He wrote that all three studies are noteworthy explorations of the Polish participation in the Holoc... |
how come a sound gets longer the more of it there is? | Sounds dont get longer the more there is, if you look at the video you can see that the videos arent all playing at the same time, there's a delay in some which can be seen by the wave like motion of the videos in the later parts of the video. | [
"Duration is perceived as how \"long\" or \"short\" a sound is and relates to onset and offset signals created by nerve responses to sounds. The duration of a sound usually lasts from the time the sound is first noticed until the sound is identified as having changed or ceased. Sometimes this is not directly relate... |
what would happen if the federal reserve/congress placed a forever permanent "cap" on the amount of dollar bills in circulation? | Just based on a supply and demand logic, I imagine that money would get more valuable...a dollar bill would be equal to a greater amount of commodities. As more "things" were produced but the amount of money remained the same, it would seem to me that one unit of money ($1) would be worth an increasing share of produc... | [
"The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) has stated that discontinuing the dollar bill in favor of the dollar coin would save the U.S. government approximately $5.5 billion over thirty years primarily through seigniorage. The Federal Reserve has refused to order the coin from the mint for distribut... |
how do record players and records work? they constantly spin, but if you lift the needle off and put it back down it knows where it left off, right? or am i way off there and it does actually skip ahead if that happens | It goes down near where it went up but not precisely, the rotation is variable, but the arm is normally still in the position across the record (from the edge to the centre). Basically the needle follows the grove on the record which is a tight spiral moving in towards the centre, with the bumps in the grooves being wh... | [
"The mechanism causes the lower portion of the spindle to rotate clockwise like an ordinary record player, while the top half of the spindle rotates counterclockwise to permit the bottom of the record to be played in the correct direction. The spindle contains three sets of retractable claws which hold the records ... |
What's worse for your body: a bottle of soda, or a bottle of beer | A little bit of alcohol might actually be good for you. | [
"However, the most striking feature of \"Beer Bad\" is the twin moral: Beer and casual sex are bad. In a BBC interview, Petrie states: \"Well, very young people get unlimited access to alcohol and become horrible! We all do it — or most of us do it — and live to regret it, and we wanted to explore that.\"\n",
"Be... |
why do people put gold on food, other than the purpose of showing off how rich they are? | Flaunting wealth is often one reason. However, if you consider food to be an art form, putting gold on the plate could be completely a creative expression of the chef. We eat first with our eyes, gorgeous plating goes a long way towards creating a multisensual dining experience. | [
"Gold has worked to evaluate the hypothesis that hedonistic overeating is a pathological attachment to food like any other addiction. Gold is a co-editor of the 2012 textbook, \"Food and Addiction\", published by Oxford Press. More recently, Gold also co-authored: Why are we consuming so much sugar despite knowing ... |
What happened to people in jail during the Great Depression? If the public could barely afford to live how could prisoners? Did any of them die from starvation or were they all adequately fed? | I have an add-on question. How true was it that the average person 'could barely afford to live'? I've heard anecdotal stories from older relatives of small southern towns being basically unaffected by the depression. | [
"Overcrowding soon became a big concern, as well as poor sanitation. The jails turned into breeding houses of illness. Furthermore, the jails were even unable to fulfill their basic purpose of containing offenders within its walls. Escapes were very frequent. The prisons held not only those who were awaiting trial ... |
Does Earth experience a tidal force from Sun? | Yes, we experience a tidal force from everything, it's just question of magnitude.
[The tidal force from the Sun is about ~~3%~~ 44% as strong as from the Moon](_URL_0_), because unlike the basic gravitational force, the tidal force drops like 1/r^3
Edit: 44% | [
"The tidal force on Earth due to a perturbing body (Sun, Moon or planet) is expressed by Newton's law of universal gravitation, whereby the gravitational force of the perturbing body on the side of Earth nearest is said to be greater than the gravitational force on the far side by an amount proportional to the diff... |
single variable calculus, specifically the differentiation of elementary functions. | Do you mean taking derivatives using the definition, or using the tricks and rules you can memorize to make it easier/faster? | [
"Elementary calculus is the calculus of real-valued functions of one real variable, and the principal ideas of differentiation and integration of such functions can be extended to functions of more than one real variable; this extension is multivariable calculus.\n",
"Elementary Functions- a study of the elementa... |
why after a good long cry can't we take a big deep breath without that huh-huh-huh tracheal contraction? | Intense crying can cause less oxygen to enter the brain, therefore the contractions are like yawning, it’s supposed to allow more oxygen to enter.
Source: I’ve cried once. And took an anatomy class once. | [
"This happens due to elastic properties of the lungs, as well as the internal intercostal muscles which lower the rib cage and decrease thoracic volume. As the thoracic diaphragm relaxes during exhalation it causes the tissue it has depressed to rise superiorly and put pressure on the lungs to expel the air. During... |
why is it ok for generic brands to blatantly rip off brand name companies for their own profit? | Its not, I cant call my cereal frosted flakes. I cant use the image of tony the tiger. But There is nothing to stop me from making "Frosted cereal shards" putting them in a blue box and having my mascot be a lion, why would there be? | [
"Some generic products may try to leverage their existing cost advantage (due to lack of promotion) further by using inferior ingredients for production. This can damage the reputation and lead to customers avoiding future purchase. Prevalence of such acts necessitates the customer crosschecking the crimp for list ... |
Who are some of the better known Chinese artists? | The answer is that we know quite a lot about many of the great Chinese masters. However, the history of art in China goes back a deal further than europe. So provenance becomes a major issue. This is particularly the case with the monumental landscape masters of the 10th and 11th centuries. I will mention a few of them... | [
"Zhang Daqian or Chang Dai-chien (; 10 May 1899 – 2 April 1983) was one of the best-known and most prodigious Chinese artists of the twentieth century. Originally known as a \"guohua\" (traditionalist) painter, by the 1960s he was also renowned as a modern impressionist and expressionist painter. In addition, he is... |
magnet torrent links. what are they? | A magnet torrent link is a unique set of numbers and letters that describe a specific file, like a fingerprint. Torrent clients can use this fingerprint to ask other clients if they have a file with the same fingerprint. If they do, they can send it from them (peer) to you (peer). | [
"the original research are implemented. Other file sharing networks, such as the Kad network, use distributed hash tables to index files and for keyword searches. BitTorrent creates individual overlay networks for sharing individual files (or archives). Searches are \"performed\" by other mechanisms, such as locati... |
How did it come to be that all of the genes relating to sex are on the same chromosome? | They aren't: the genes that **trigger** (specifically, SRY) the male phenotype are on the Y chromosome, but males also have a complete set of female DNA, and ~~many~~ almost all of the distinctly male characteristics are side effects of this trigger alone. And even this is a little bit of a misnomer, as SRY (or lack of... | [
"Many species have so-called sex chromosomes that determine the gender of each organism. In humans and many other animals, the Y chromosome contains the gene that triggers the development of the specifically male characteristics. In evolution, this chromosome has lost most of its content and also most of its genes,... |
Do bra-less women have lower rates of breast cancer? | _URL_0_
*Factors not likely related to risk*
*Although not as well-studied as the factors described above, based on the research to date, the factors below are not likely related to breast cancer risk.*
*Bras/underwire bras*
*Scientific evidence does not support a link between wearing an underwire bra (or any type ... | [
"HRT has been more strongly associated with risk of breast cancer in women with a lower range body mass indices (BMIs). No breast cancer association has been found with BMIs of over 25. It has been suggested by some that the absence of significant effect in some of these studies could be due to selective prescripti... |
why some metals glow brightly when hot (i.e., steel or iron) when others just look like liquid metal (i.e., aluminum or mercury)? | Aluminum and mercury will glow too if you get them hot enough. Pretty much everything glows (incandesces) at the same temperature, aluminum and mercury just happen to melt before that temperature whereas steel melts at a higher temperature. | [
"Iron or steel, when heated to above 900 °F (460 °C), glows with a red color. The color of any heated object changes predictably (due to black-body radiation) from dull red through orange and yellow to white, and can be a useful indicator of its temperature. Good quality iron or steel at and above this temperature ... |
how do wammy bars (on guitars) work? | Basically you use the bar to add extra tension to the strings to shift the pitch as you play. | [
"The \"barbat\" is held similar to a guitar, but care must be taken to have the face vertical so that it is not visible to the player, and to support the weight with the thigh and right arm so that the left hand is free to move around the fingerboard. Note the idiosyncratic manner of holding the \"mizrab\" (Turkish... |
why do some people have no sense of rhythm whatsoever? | As an audio engineer, I've broken this down a few times. There are two types of people: 1. People who dance to the beat (kick drum and snare) 2. People who dance to the vocal melody/lyrics.
| [
"An individual with this condition has an especially difficult time maintaining a steady beat, and even has difficulty following along to a steady rhythm. Before it was a known disorder, it was thought that these individuals were just severely uncoordinated, and therefore were unable to follow along with the music.... |
Does the Cambrian Explosion coincide with the move from ocean-based to land-based life forms? | In general it is presumed that the Cambrian Explosion happened essentially in the ocean and maybe to some degree in lakes and rivers. According to wikipedia (_URL_0_) land plants began spreading 490 mya ago and I am quite sure that multicellular animals on land needed those for nutrition.
Anyways, your theory would not... | [
"The \"Cambrian explosion\" can be viewed as two waves of metazoan expansion into empty niches: first, a coevolutionary rise in diversity as animals explored niches on the Ediacaran sea floor, followed by a second expansion in the early Cambrian as they became established in the water column. The rate of diversific... |
how can rocket boosters push things foreward and navigate in space when there is no atmosphere to use? | You would need an atmosphere for things like paddles and propellers. Because they have to push air to work.
Rocket thrust is different. Equal and opposite reaction, right? The rocket fuel or exhaust goes out the back *and pushes the rocket forward*. The force only has to act on the rocket, not against another medium. | [
"Rocket propellant may be expelled through an expansion nozzle as a cold gas, that is, without energetic mixing and combustion, to provide small changes in velocity to spacecraft by the use of cold gas thrusters.\n",
"The rocket booster would place the vehicle onto a suborbital, but exoatmospheric, trajectory, re... |
Does evolution ever stop? | Correct, since Evolution is a slow process in which the traits of a given generation are passed on (due to their survival), as the Environment changes, so too would the requisites of survival change.
Consider an organism that exists in an ecosystem that is devoid of outside influences:
As the organism evolves thro... | [
"Bateson suggested that all evolution is driven by the double bind, whenever circumstances change: If any environment becomes toxic to any species, that species will die out unless it transforms into another species, in which case, the species becomes extinct anyway.\n",
"According to Thomas S. Ray and others, th... |
What was the average day like for an allied soldier in post WWII Germany before the rise of the Soviet threat? | I've not done research in the matter, but my grandfather volunteered to stay on occupation duty with the Canadian Army.
From what he said the days were fairly boring. He was around Baden, so not a Nazi stronghold like Bavaria. The people were broken, trying to rebuild some semblance of life after the war. He was ... | [
"During World War II, between 1941 and 1944, the german Wehrmacht ran a prisoner-of-war camp (Stalag 333) there for Soviet soldiers. More than 30,000 of them died from harsh treatment and malnutrition.\n",
"During 1945 it was estimated that the average German civilian in the U.S. and the United Kingdom occupation... |
why are some men able to grow a beard and others not? is growing a beard a sign of of wellness? | some of it is diet but more of it is gentics. Asians for example tend to have a lot harder time and are less likely to grow a full on beard as you see it other races
fun fact it was seen as very special if you could in many asian cultures | [
"Many men in Western cultures shave their facial hair, so only a minority of men have a beard, even though fast-growing facial hair must be shaved daily to achieve a clean-shaven or hairless look. Some men shave because they cannot grow a \"full\" beard (generally defined as an even density from cheeks to neck) bec... |
[Physics] Where does the mass come from in fusion or fission? | The mass difference comes from the binding energy of the nuclei, via E=mc^(2). | [
"Due to spontaneous fission a supercritical mass will undergo a chain reaction. For example, a spherical critical mass of pure uranium-235 will have a mass of 52 kg and will experience around 15 spontaneous fission events per second. The probability that one such event will cause a chain reaction depends on how muc... |
why does boiling contaminated water make it drinkable? | The heat kills bacteria and other potentially icky things in the water. It's not fool proof but it's better than nothing. | [
"Water must be purified of harmful living organisms and chemicals. Some commercial filters can remove most organisms and some harmful chemicals, but they are not 100% effective. Distillation filters, purifies, and removes some harmful chemicals. Chemicals with a lower or about equal boiling point of water are not e... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.