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Molybdenum bronze This report also called attention to the marked anisotropic resistivity of the purple lithium bronze and its metal-to-insulator transition at about 24 K. Hydrogen bronzes were obtained in 1950 by Glemser and Lutz, by ambient-temperature reactions. The hydrogen in these compounds can be replaced by alk... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38609955 |
Pioneer factor Pioneer factors are transcription factors that can directly bind condensed chromatin. They can have positive and negative effects on transcription and are important in recruiting other transcription factors and histone modification enzymes as well as controlling DNA methylation. They were first discovere... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
Pioneer factor This is a common trait of fork head box factors (which contain a winged helix DNA-binding domain that mimics the DNA-binding domain of the linker H1 histone), and NF-Y (whose NF-YB and NF-YC subunits contain histone-fold domains similar to those of the core histones H2A/H2B). The similarity to histone H1... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
Pioneer factor NF-YA's unique DNA-binding mode and NF-YB/NF-YC's nucleosome-like properties of non-specific DNA binding impose sufficient spatial constraints to induce flanking nucleosomes to slide outward, making nearby recognition sites for other transcription factors accessible. Pioneer factors can function passivel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
Pioneer factor This is a mechanism for the cell to switch a gene on was observed with glucocorticoid receptor recruiting modification factors that then modify the site to bind activated estrogen receptor which was coined as a “bait and switch” mechanism. Pioneer factors can exhibit their greatest range of effects on tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
Pioneer factor Enzymes that modify H3K4 with mono and di-methylation are associated with increasing transcription and have been shown to bind pioneer factors. In B cell differentiation PU.1 is necessary to signal specific histones for activating H3K4me1 modifications that differentiate hematopoietic stem cells into eit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
Pioneer factor The protection of cytosine methylation can be quickly removed allowing for rapid induction when a signal is present. A well studied pioneer factor family is the Groucho-related (Gro/TLE/Grg) transcription factors that often have a negative effect on transcription. These chromatin binding domains can span... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
Pioneer factor In the breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, it was found that FoxA1 was bound to 50% of estrogen receptor binding sites independent of estrogen presence. High expression of pioneer factors is associated with poor prognosis with the exception of breast cancer where FoxA1 is associated with a stronger outcome. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38664703 |
DNase I hypersensitive site In genetics, DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) are regions of chromatin that are sensitive to cleavage by the DNase I enzyme. In these specific regions of the genome, chromatin has lost its condensed structure, exposing the DNA and making it accessible. This raises the availability of DNA ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38669910 |
DNase I hypersensitive site The remaining 95% represented distal DHSs, divided in a uniform way between intronic and intergenic regions. The data gives an idea of the great complexity regulating the genetic expression in the human genome and the quantity of elements that control this regulation. The high-resolution map... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38669910 |
DNase I hypersensitive site In this way, it was determined that human genes with more interactions with distal DHSs, and with at least one more complex regulation, corresponded with those genes with functions in the immune system. This indicates that the complexly of cellular and environmental signals processed by the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38669910 |
Enhancer RNA Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) represent a class of relatively short non-coding RNA molecules (50-2000 nucleotides) transcribed from the DNA sequence of enhancer regions. They were first detected in 2010 through the use of genome-wide techniques such as RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. eRNAs can be subdivided into two main cl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Enhancer RNA These eRNAs, unlike messenger RNAs (mRNAs), lacked modification by polyadenylation, were generally short and non-coding, and were bidirectionally transcribed. Later studies revealed the transcription of another type of eRNAs, generated through unidirectional transcription, that were longer and contained a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Enhancer RNA Not all enhancers are transcribed, with non-transcribed enhancers greatly outnumbering the transcribed ones in the order of magnitude of dozens of thousands in every given cell type. In most cases, unidirectional transcription of enhancer regions generates long (>4kb) and polyadenylated eRNAs. Enhancers th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Enhancer RNA Furthermore, eRNAs can easily be degraded through exosomes and nonsense-mediated decay, which limits their potential as important transcriptional regulators. To date, four main models of eRNA function have been proposed, each supported by different lines of experimental evidence. Since multiple studies hav... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Enhancer RNA In this model, eRNAs can locally recruit regulatory proteins at their own site of synthesis. Supporting this hypothesis, transcripts originating from enhancers upstream of the Cyclin D1 gene are thought to serve as adaptors for the recruitment of histone acetyltransferases. It was found that depletion of t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Enhancer RNA Although some data remain controversial, the consensus in the literature is that the best combination of histone post-translational modifications at active enhancers is made of H2AZ, H3K27ac, and a high ratio of H3K4me1 over H3K4me3. ChIP experiments can also be conducted with antibodies that recognize RNA... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Enhancer RNA Furthermore, eRNAs generated by the activation of p53BERs are shown to be required for efficient transcription of the p53 target genes, indicating the likely important regulatory role of eRNAs in tumor suppression and cancer. Variations in enhancers have been implicated in human disease but a therapeutic a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38674471 |
Frederick Mason Brewer CBE FRIC (1903 – 11 February 1963) was an English chemist. He was Head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Oxford and Mayor of Oxford during 1959–60. Frederick Brewer was born in Kensal Rise (aka Kensal Green), Middlesex, England. He was the son of Frederick Charles Brewer ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38676345 |
Frederick Mason Brewer However, a week after collecting his CBE at Buckingham Palace, at the age of 60, he died at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford. He was married with a son and a daughter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38676345 |
C40H58 The molecular formula CH may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38676583 |
Jumping library Jumping libraries or junction-fragment libraries are collections of genomic DNA fragments generated by chromosome jumping. These libraries allow us to analyze large areas of the genome and overcome distance limitations in common cloning techniques. A jumping library clone is composed of two stretches of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library A DNA marker (such as the amber suppressor tRNA gene supF) can be included at this time point within the covalently linked circle to allow for selection of junction fragments. Circles are subsequently fully digested with a second restriction enzyme (such as EcoRI) to generate a large number of fragments... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library The main concern was with avoiding non-circularized fragments. Two solutions were suggested: either screening junction fragments with a given probe or adding a second size-selection step after the ligation to separate single circular clones (monomers) from clones ligated to each other (multimers). The a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library This approach included the use of two separate λ vectors for library construction, and a partial filling-in reaction that removes the need for a selectable marker. This filling-in reaction worked by destroying the specific cohesive ends (resulting from restriction digests) of the DNA fragments that were... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library Alternatively, jumping library can be used with NGS for the mapping of structural variation and scaffolding of de novo assemblies. Jumping Libraries can be categorized according to the length of the incorporated DNA fragments. 3 kb genomic DNA fragments are ligated with biotinylate ends and circularized... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library The circularized DNA was digested and the fragments with biotynylated adaptors were selected for(See Figure 3). The EcoP15I recognition site and barcode help to distinguish junction fragments from nonjump fragments. These targeted fragments should contain 25 to 27bp of genomic DNA, the EcoP15I recogniti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library Different assembly tools have been developed to handle jumping library data. One example is DELLY. DELLY was developed to discover genomic structural variants and “integrates short insert paired-ends, long-range mate-pairs and split-read alignments” to detect rearrangements at sequence level. An example... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library Balanced chromosomal rearrangements can have a significant contribution to diseases, as demonstrated by the studies of leukemia. However, many of them are undetected by chromosomal microarray. Karyotyping and FISH can identify balanced translocations and inversions but are labor-intensive and provide lo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Jumping library With Custom Barcoded Jumping Libraries, the percentage of chimeric pairs further increased to 1.49%. Conventional cytogenetic testing cannot offer the gene-level resolution required to predict the outcome of a pregnancy and whole genome deep sequencing is not practical for routine prenatal diagnosis. Wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38679864 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act The (HMTA), enacted in 1975, is the principal federal law in the United States regulating the transportation of hazardous materials. Its purpose is to "protect against the risks to life, property, and the environment that are inherent in the transportation of hazardous material in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act At the same time, increased accidents and incidents with hazardous materials during transportation was a growing problem, causing damage to property and the environment, injury, and death. At the time, the U.S. Department of Transportation estimated that 75% of all hazardous waste... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act Accidents that occurred in the transportation of hazardous materials resulted in injury, death, and the destruction of property and the environment. However, the accidents were not limited to the road. The number of incidents regarding hazardous wastes was second in railway accide... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act A "hazardous material", as defined by the Secretary, is any particular quantity or form of a material that may pose an unreasonable risk to health and safety or property during transportation in commerce. This includes materials that are explosive, radioactive, infectious, flammab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act Carriers are only required to ensure that required information accompanying hazardous materials packages is immediately available to personnel who would respond to an incident or conduct a hazardous materials investigation, per the amendments enforced in the Hazardous Materials Tr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act " The is implemented through various agencies based on the mode of transportation and the type of hazardous material being transported: §5117 provides that the Secretary may "issue, modify, or terminate" a special permit authorizing a variance to regulations prescribed under §5103... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act If more time is needed, the Secretary must publish a statement to the Federal Register addressing the reason for the delay in the Secretary's decision on the permit, along with an estimate for when the decision will be made. The Secretary, after completing a review of the circumst... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act Violations resulting from training activities must be at least $450. In determining the amount of the civil penalty, the Secretary must consider — An opportunity for a hearing must be granted to the violator, along with a written notice from the Secretary specifying the amount of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act ), can be found under this provision. Under §5106, the Secretary of Transportation may prescribe criteria for handling hazardous material, including— Under §5107, the hazmat employee training requirements and grants are summarized: (A) Training Requirements— The Secretary shall pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (C) Certification of Training— After completing the training, each hazmat employer shall certify, with documentation the Secretary may require by regulation, that the hazmat employees of the employer have received training and have been tested on appropriate transportation areas o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act The papers must include— Additionally, the hazardous material must be accompanied by an EPA manifest, a sheet that tracks the transportation of the hazardous material. Each "package, freight container, and transport vehicle" carrying the hazardous material must have markings that ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act Packaging material must fulfill a set of testing requirements before being authorized to store hazardous materials for transportation to endure the physical stress and environmental changes that may result in phase changes of the packaging contents during transportation. All packa... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act Department of Transportation. Operational rules cover the entire transportation process from pick-up to delivery within all known modes of transportation subject to interstate and intrastate commerce. 49 CFR §171- General Information, Regulations, and North American Shipments 49 C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act " The amendment also outlined two types of emergency response information: Under the HMTUSA, the Secretary continues to enforce regulations for the safe transport of hazardous material in intrastate, interstate, and foreign commerce in the same manner as the HMTA. The Secretary al... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act After the September 11 attacks, Congress considered new security measures to the Act, including background checks for truck drivers, requiring shipping companies to create alternative security plans, the use of electronic tracking devices to pinpoint exact locations of hazardous m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38688637 |
Plastid terminal oxidase or plastoquinol terminal oxidase (PTOX) is an enzyme that resides on the thylakoid membranes of plant and algae chloroplasts and on the membranes of cyanobacteria. The enzyme was hypothesized to exist as a photosynthetic oxidase in 1982 and was verified by sequence similarity to the mitochondri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38689987 |
Plastid terminal oxidase Plants deficient in the "IMMUTANS" gene that encodes the oxidase are especially susceptible to photooxidative stress during early plastid development. The knockout plants exhibit a phenotype of variegated leaves with white patches that indicate a lack of pigmentation or photodamage. This effect... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38689987 |
Plastid terminal oxidase The most confirmed function of plastid terminal oxidase in developed chloroplasts is its role in chlororespiration. In this process, NADPH dehydrogenase (NDH) reduces the quinone pool and the terminal oxidase oxidizes it, serving the same function as cytochrome c oxidase from mitochondrial elec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38689987 |
Plastid terminal oxidase is an integral membrane protein, or more specifically, an integral monotopic protein and is bound to the thylakoid membrane facing the stroma. Based on sequence homology, the enzyme is predicted to contain four alpha helix domains that encapsulate a di-iron center. The two iron atoms are ligate... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38689987 |
Plastid terminal oxidase In the first step common to all proposed mechanisms, one plastoquinone is oxidized and both irons are reduced from iron(III) to iron(II). Four different mechanisms are proposed for the next step, oxygen capture. One mechanism proposes a peroxide intermediate, after which one oxygen atom is used... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38689987 |
Plastid terminal oxidase Sequenced genomes of various plant and algae species shows that the amino acid sequence is more than 25% conserved, which is a significant amount of conservation for an oxidase. This sequence conservation further supports the theory that both the alternative and plastid oxidases evolved before ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38689987 |
Indium(III) hydroxide is the chemical compound with the formula In(OH), its prime use is as a precursor to indium(III) oxide, InO. It is sometimes found as the rare mineral dzhalindite. In(OH) has a cubic structure, space group Im3, a distorted ReO structure. Neutralising a solution of an In salt such as In(NO), indium... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38693735 |
John C. Lechleiter (born 1952) is an American businessman and chemist. He serves as the President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Eli Lilly and Company. was born in Louisville, Kentucky, on August 17, 1952. He is the eldest of nine children of Jeanne and John H. Lechleiter. Lechleiter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38710489 |
John C. Lechleiter Lechleiter became Vice President for development and regulatory affairs in 1996, and Senior Vice President of pharmaceutical products in 1998. In 2001, he was appointed Executive Vice President for pharmaceutical products and corporate development. In a 2003 e-mail, he discussed the use of the anti-s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38710489 |
John C. Lechleiter His advice to others is "We like to move quickly, but the most important thing is to be patient, resolute, and be guided by the data." Lechleiter is a member of the American Chemical Society, the Business Roundtable and The Business Council. He is Chairman of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufactu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38710489 |
John C. Lechleiter He has received Honorary Doctorates from Marian University (2006), the University of Indianapolis (2012), and the National University of Ireland (2012). In 2012, he was awarded the inaugural Global Health Partner Award from Project HOPE. In 2014, he was named as the August M. Watanabe Life Sciences C... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38710489 |
C10H18O2 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38718264 |
Andersen thermostat The is a proposal in molecular dynamics simulation for maintaining constant temperature conditions. It is based on the reassignment of a chosen atom or molecule's velocity. The new velocity is given by Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics for the given temperature. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38719998 |
Explosive boiling or phase explosion In thermodynamics, explosive boiling or phase explosion is a method whereby a superheated metastable liquid undergoes an explosive liquid-vapor phase transition into a stable two-phase state because of a massive homogeneous nucleation of vapor bubbles. This concept was pioneered by ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38721699 |
Explosive boiling or phase explosion Near the critical temperature thermodynamic properties like specific heat, density varies rapidly as shown on the figure at right. Density and entropy undergoes largest fluctuation. During this time it is possible to have a large density fluctuation in a very small volume. This fluc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38721699 |
Robert Hurst (scientist) Robert Hurst, (3 January 1915 – 16 May 1996) was a New Zealand-born scientist. He was the first director of the experimental fast-breeder reactor complex at Dounreay, and later the director of the British Ship Research Association. During World War II he worked in bomb disposal and mine detecti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38728918 |
Robert Hurst (scientist) It took the team a week of painstaking work to successfully complete the task, made more difficult by toxic fumes from the explosive and ongoing bombing raids. As a result, Hurst was awarded the George Medal: his citation noted his "sustained courage when engaged in hazardous operations". At th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38728918 |
Boom method (aka Boom nucleic acid extraction method) is a solid phase extraction method for isolating nucleic acid from a biological sample. This method is characterized by "absorbing the nucleic acids (NA) to the silica beads". (Boom nucleic acid extraction method) is a solid phase extraction method for "isolating nu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Boom method Especially amorphous silicon oxide and glass powder, alkylsilica, aluminum silicate (zeolite), or, activated silica with -NH, are suitable as nucleic acid binding solid phase material according to this method. Today, the embodyments of Boom method, characterized by "utilizing the magnetic beads (silica bead... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Boom method Process of washing of the silica-nucleic acid complexes (silica beads) typically consists of following steps, (d) Separating the bonded nucleic acids Separating the bonded nucleic acids from the silica beads. Pure NA are eluted into buffer by decreasing the concentration of chaotropic substance. NA presente... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Boom method Therefore, in this article, "silica beads" are intended to mean silica coated magnetic beads unless stated otherwise. The silica coated beads coated various magnetic particles (magnetic carrier) with silica are often used. Maghemite particle (γ-FeO) and magnetite particle (FeO), as well as an intermediate i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Boom method In a broad sense, "chaotropic agent" stands for any substance capable of altering the secondary, tertiary and/or quaternary structure of proteins and nucleic acids, but leaving at least the primary structure intact. Aqueous solution of chaotropic salt is a chaotropic agent. Chaotropic anion increase the ent... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Boom method provides OEM product based on this technology (for example MagNA Pure(R) ) for several leading reagent manufacturers such as Hoffmann-La Roche, Life Technologies, ... and so on. After Tajima et al. was filed, similar applications such as have also been filed by other parties. The Tajima pipette performs mag... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Boom method In accordance with Tajima, the preferable suction height of the mixture liquid is such that At this time, because the magnetic particles are wet, they stay attached to the inner surface of the separation region of the liquid passage of the pipette tip. If the pipette tip P is moved or transported, the magne... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731303 |
Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada) Low-impact development (LID) is a term used in Canada and the United States to describe a land planning and engineering design approach to manage stormwater runoff as part of green infrastructure. LID emphasizes conservation and use of on-site natural features to protect water q... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731925 |
Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada) , a non-profit water resources research organization, was formed in 1998 to work with government agencies and institutions to further the science, understanding,and implementation of LID and other sustainable environmental planning and design approaches, such as Green Infrastruc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731925 |
Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada) Design using LID principles follows four simple steps. The basic processes used to manage stormwater include pretreatment, filtration, infiltration, and storage and reuse. Pre-treatment is recommended to remove pollutants such as trash, debris, and larger sediments. Incorporatio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731925 |
Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada) The soil texture and structure, vegetation types and cover, water content of the soil, soil temperature, and rainfall intensity all play a role in controlling infiltration rate and capacity. Infiltration plays a critical role in LID site design. Some of the benefits of infiltrat... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731925 |
Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada) Frequently used practices include: Urban areas are especially prone to create barriers for LID practices. The most common limits are: LID has multiple benefits, such as protecting animal habitats, improving management of runoff and flooding, and reducing impervious surfaces. For... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731925 |
Low-impact development (U.S. and Canada) It is an attempt for people in different disciplines to synergistically think about how to mitigate UHI effects, which is conducive to the generation of holistic policies, guidelines and regulations. Furthermore, the inclusion of UHI mitigation can be a driver to public particip... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38731925 |
Systems pharmacology is the application of systems biology principles to the field of pharmacology. It seeks to understand how drugs affect the human body as a single complex biological system. Instead of considering the effect of a drug to be the result of one specific drug-protein interaction, systems pharmacology co... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38736538 |
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermal depolymerization process used to convert wet biomass into crude-like oil -sometimes referred to as bio-oil or biocrude- under moderate temperature and high pressure. The crude-like oil (or bio-oil) has high energy density with a lower heating value of 33.8-36.9 MJ/kg and 5-2... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38754240 |
Hydrothermal liquefaction Other organizations that have previously demonstrated HTL of biomass include Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Hamburg, Germany, SCF Technologies in Copenhagen, Denmark, EPA’s Water Engineering Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, and Changing World Technology Inc. (CWT), Philade... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38754240 |
Hydrothermal liquefaction The exact conversion of biomass to bio-oil is dependent on several variables: Theoretically, any biomass can be converted into bio-oil using hydrothermal liquefaction regardless of water content, and various different biomasses have been tested, from forestry and agriculture residues, sewage s... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38754240 |
Hydrothermal liquefaction Pressure (along with temperature) determines the super- or subcritical state of solvents as well as overall reaction kinetics and the energy inputs required to yield the desirable HTL products (oil, gas, chemicals, char etc.). is a fast process, resulting in low residence times for depolymeriz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38754240 |
Hydrothermal liquefaction The plant materials used to produce bio-oils use photosynthesis to grow, and as such consume carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The burning of the biofuels produced releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, but is nearly completely offset by the carbon dioxide consumed from growing the pla... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38754240 |
Hydrothermal liquefaction Typical pyrolysis processes require a water content of less than 40% to suitably convert the biomass to bio-oil. This requires considerable pretreatment of wet biomass such as tropical grasses, which contain a water content as high as 80-85%, and even further treatment for aquatic species, whi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38754240 |
Primary (chemistry) Primary is a term used in organic chemistry to classify various types of compounds (e.g. alcohols, alkyl halides, amines) or reactive intermediates (e.g. alkyl radicals, carbocations). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38761097 |
Secondary (chemistry) Secondary is a term used in organic chemistry to classify various types of compounds (e. g. alcohols, alkyl halides, amines) or reactive intermediates (e. g. alkyl radicals, carbocations). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38761099 |
Tertiary (chemistry) Tertiary is a term used in organic chemistry to classify various types of compounds (e. g. alcohols, alkyl halides, amines) or reactive intermediates (e. g. alkyl radicals, carbocations). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38761100 |
Quaternary (chemistry) Quaternary is a term used in organic chemistry to classify various types of compounds (e. g. amines and ammonium salts). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38761101 |
Giuliana Tesoro Dr. ("née" Cavaglieri) (June 1, 1921 – September 29, 2002), moved to the U.S. in 1939 during the Benito Mussolini era. She was a prolific organic chemist with more than 125 U.S. patents. She made a number of contributions to the fiber and textile industry. Perhaps one of her most well-known inventions i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38765878 |
Giuliana Tesoro Late she moved to the Textile Research Institute for two years. In 1969, she accepted a position as senior chemist at Burlington Industries and was appointed director of chemical research in 1971. In 1972 she accepted a post as Visiting Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38765878 |
2-Furoic acid is a heterocyclic carboxylic acid, consisting of a five-membered aromatic ring and a carboxylic acid group. Its name is derived from the Latin word "furfur", meaning bran. The salts and esters of furoic acids are known as furoates. is an organic compound most widely found in food products as a preservativ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38776376 |
2-Furoic acid In industrial use, 2-furoic acid is a preservative, acting as a bactericide and fungicide. It is also considered an acceptable flavoring ingredient and achieved a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status in 1995 by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). is characterized as a white to o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38776376 |
2-Furoic acid This could mean that the crystals may act as paraelectrics in the temperature range before 318 K and ferroelectrics in temperature ranges after 318 K. These qualities indicate that 2-furoic acid crystals will have enhanced optical quality with less defects, which is important in the application of optical... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38776376 |
C7H10O The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38782187 |
Heavy liquid A heavy liquid is a solution or liquid chemical substance with a high density and a relatively low viscosity. Heavy liquids are often used for determination of density in mineralogy, for density gradient centrifugation and for separating mixtures. Common applications of heavy liquids include: The classical... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38784238 |
History of catecholamine research The catecholamines comprise the endogenous substances dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and adrenaline (epinephrine) as well as numerous artificially synthesized compounds such as isoprenaline. Their investigation constitutes a prominent chapter in the history of physiology, bio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
History of catecholamine research Even more impressive, however, was the response to ″strong mental emotion″: ″The cure of asthma by violent emotion is more sudden and complete than by any other remedy whatever; indeed, I know few things more striking and curious in the whole history of therapeutics. ... The cure ... t... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
History of catecholamine research This peristalis was promptly abolished by electrical stimulation of the adrenals. The experiment has been called "the first indirect demonstration of the role of the adrenal medulla as an endocrine organ <and> actually a more sophisticated demonstration of the adrenal medullary functio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
History of catecholamine research He appears to have used his family in his experiments, and a young son was the subject of a series, in which Dr Oliver measured the diameter of the radial artery, and observed the effect upon it of injecting extracts of various animal glands under the skin. … We may picture, then, Prof... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
History of catecholamine research So Professor Schafer makes the injection, expecting a triumphant demonstration of nothing, and finds himself standing ′like some watcher of the skies, when a new planet swims into his ken,′ watching the mercury rise in the manometer with amazing rapidity and to an astounding height. Ho... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
History of catecholamine research On March 10, 1894, Oliver and Schäfer presented their findings to the Physiological Society in London. A 47-pages account followed a year later, in the style of the time without statistics, but with precise description of many individual experiments and 25 recordings on kymograph smoke... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
History of catecholamine research The use was based, not on the bronchodilator effect, which was discovered later, but on the vasoconstrictor effect, which was hoped to alleviate the “turgidity of the bronchial mucosa” – presumably vascular congestion and edema. Also as of 1903, adrenaline was added to local anesthetic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38791208 |
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