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Bronze and brass ornamental work Etruscan fabrics approach their Greek originals so closely that it is not possible to separate them in technique or design, and the Etruscan style is no more than provincial Greek. Bronze was quite plentiful in Italy, the earliest Roman coinage was of heavy bronze, and there is literary... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Small household articles, such as lamps, when made of bronze are usually Roman, and a peculiarly Roman class of personal ornaments is a large bronze brooch inlaid with coloured enamels, a technique which seems to have had a Gaulish origin. Bronze statuettes were also made in every perio... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work The little Heracles that Lysippus made for Alexander was a table-ornament ("epitrapezios"): he was reclining on the lion's skin, his club in one hand, a wine-cup in the other. With the invention of hollow casting bronze became the most important medium of monumental sculpture, largely b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Casting was done by the "cire perdue" process in clay moulds, but a great deal of labour was spent on finishing. The casts are very finely chased, and most large pieces contain patches, inserted to make good the flaws. Heads and limbs of statues were cast separately and adjusted to the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Plutarch admires the blue colour of some very ancient statues at Delphi, and wonders how it was produced; Pliny mentions a bitumen wash, but this was doubtless a protective lacquer; and a 4th-century inscription from Chios records the regulations made there for keeping a public statue c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work A number of moorings in the form of finely modelled animal heads, made in the 1st century AD, and recovered from Lake Nemi in the Alban hills some years ago, show a further acquaintance with the skilful working of this metal. The throne of Dagobert in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Some of the craftsmen who were forced to leave Byzantium were welcomed by him in his capitals of Cologne and Aix-la-Chapelle and their influence was also felt in France. Another stream passed by way of the Mediterranean to Italy, where the old classical art had decayed owing to the many... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Mention may be made of the seven-branch candlestick at Essen Cathedral made for the Abbess Matilda about the year 1000, and another at Brunswick completed in 1223; also of the remarkable font of the 13th century made for Hildesheim Cathedral at the charge of Wilbernus, a canon of the ca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Peter Vischer of Nuremberg, and his sons, working on the bronze reliquary of Saint Sebald, a finely conceived monument of architectural form, with rich details of ornament and figures; among the latter appearing the artist in his working dress. The shrine was completed and set up in the... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Bronze was a metal beloved of the Italian craftsman; in that metal he produced objects for every conceivable purpose, great or small, from a door-knob to the mighty doors by Lorenzo Ghiberti at Florence, of which Michelangelo remarked that they would stand well at the gates of Paradise.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Among the former may be mentioned crucifixes, shrines, altar and paschal candlesticks, such as the elaborate examples at the Certosa of Pavia; for secular use, mortars, inkstands, candlesticks and a large number of splendid door-knockers and handles, all executed with consummate skill a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work It was all in keeping with the spirit of the age, and in their own sumptuous setting these fine candelabra, sconces, vases, clocks and rich mountings of furniture are entirely harmonious. The "ciseleur" and the "fondeur", such as Pierre Gouthière and Jacques Caffieri, associated themsel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work The Gloucester Candlestick in the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington, displays the power and imagination of the designer as well as an extraordinary manipulative skill on the part of the founder. According to an inscription on the object, this candlestick, which stands some ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Early bells are of graceful outline, and often have simple but well-designed ornaments and very decorative inscriptions; for the latter a separate stamp or die was used for each letter or for a short group of letters. In every country bell-founders were an important group of the communi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work In early times this metal seems to have been sparingly employed, but from the Middle Ages onward the industry in brass was a very important one, carried out on a vast scale and applied in widely different directions. The term "latten", which is frequently met with in old documents, is r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work The industry flourished for several centuries, but was weakened by quarrels with their rivals at the neighboring town of Bouvignes; in 1466 the town was sacked and destroyed by Charles the Bold. The brass-founders fled to Huy, Namur, Middleburg, Tournai and Bruges, where their work was ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work About a score have been noted in English churches, as at Norwich, St Albans, Croydon and elsewhere. For the most part they follow the same model, and were probably imported from Belgium; fine brass chandeliers exist, at the Temple Church, Bristol (cf. Fig. 3), at St Michael's Mount, Cor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work These differ considerably from the brass dishes in which the central subject —– the Annunciation, St George, St Christopher, the Agnus Dei, a mermaid or flowers — is surrounded by a band of letters, which frequently have no significance beyond that of ornamentation; the rims are stamped... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Countless are the domestic objects: mortars, small candlesticks, warming pans, trivets, fenders; these date mainly from the 17th and 18th centuries, when brass ornamentation was also frequently applied to clockdials, large and small. Two English developments during the 17th century call... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work In the latter half of the 19th century there came an increasing demand for ecclesiastical work in England; lecterns, alms dishes, processional crosses and altar furniture were made of brass; the designs were for the greater part adaptations of older work and without any great originalit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work The early method of filling in the incisions has suggested some connection with the methods of the Limoges enamellers of the 13th century. The art was introduced into England from the Low Countries, and speedily attained a high degree of excellence. For many centuries it remained very p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
Bronze and brass ornamental work Archaeologists working on excavation site at Kosambi in Uttar Pradesh unearthed a bronze figure of a Girl riding two bulls which is dated approximately between 2000 - 1750 BC further reveals the usage of bronze for casting into an art form during the Late Harappan period. Another such i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38918352 |
C20H29NO3 The molecular formula CHNO (molar mass: 331.45 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38919556 |
John C. Tully is a theoretical chemist, a researcher and Sterling Professor emeritus of Chemistry at Yale University. He is known for his development of surface hopping, a method for including excited states in molecular dynamics calculations. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the International Aca... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38921208 |
RSC Advances is an online-only peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on all aspects of the chemical sciences. It was established in 2011 and is published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. The editor-in-chief is Russell J. Cox (Leibniz University Hannover). In 2014, the journal moved to a very high publica... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38925664 |
Copper(III) oxide is a hypothetical inorganic compound with the formula CuO. It has not been isolated as a pure solid. Copper(III) oxides are constituents of cuprate superconductors. Copper(III) is typically stabilized in an ionic environment, e.g. potassium hexafluorocuprate(III). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38930168 |
Localized surface plasmon A localized surface plasmon (LSP) is the result of the confinement of a surface plasmon in a nanoparticle of size comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of light used to excite the plasmon. When a small spherical metallic nanoparticle is irradiated by light, the oscillating electric fiel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38931518 |
Localized surface plasmon Silver is a popular choice in plasmonics, which studies the effect of coupling light to charges, because it can support a surface plasmon over a wide range of wavelengths (300-1200 nm), and its peak absorption wavelength is easily changed. For instance, the peak absorption wavelength of triang... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38931518 |
Localized surface plasmon Some techniques frequently used to characterize surface plasmons are dark-field microscopy, UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). With dark-field microscopy, it is possible to monitor the spectrum of an individual metal nanostructure as the incident light polar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38931518 |
Localized surface plasmon Another interesting area of research in plasmonics is the ability to turn plasmons “on” and “off” via modification of another molecule. The ability to turn plasmons on and off has important consequences for increasing sensitivity in detection methods. Recently, a supramolecular chromophore was... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38931518 |
Calibration gas A calibration gas is a reference gas or gas mixture used as comparative standard in the calibration of analytical instruments, like gas analysers or gas detectors. Therefore, a calibration gas has to be of a precisely defined nature or composition, like zero gas or span gas, for example 500 ppm carbon m... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38936084 |
Calibration gas Certification values are determined statistically, considering the uncertainties accompanied by the international standard (reference standard) to which it is traceable, instrument uncertainty, and instability (reactivity) of gas in the container. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38936084 |
Guide to Pharmacology The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY is an open-access website, acting as a portal to information on the biological targets of licensed drugs and other small molecules. The Guide to PHARMACOLOGY (with GtoPdb being the standard abbreviation) is developed as a joint venture between the International... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38937162 |
Guide to Pharmacology As with the original IUPHAR-DB, the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification (NC-IUPHAR), acts as the scientific advisory and editorial board for the database. Its network of over 500 specialist advisors (organised i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38937162 |
Guide to Pharmacology The Guide to PHARMACOLOGY also includes a list of all ligand molecules included on the site, subdivided into categories including small organic molecules (including mammalian metabolites, hormones and neurotransmitters), synthetic organic molecules, natural products, peptides, inorganic molecules ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38937162 |
Guide to Pharmacology GtoImmuPdb provides a knowledgebase that connects immunology with pharmacology, bringing added value and supporting research and development of drugs targeted at modulating immune, inflammatory or infectious components of disease. The Guide to PHARMACOLOGY includes an online, open-access database ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38937162 |
Palinstrophy is the curl of the vorticity. It is defined as formula_1 where formula_2 is the vorticity. is mainly used in turbulence study, where there is a need to quantify how vorticity is transferred from one direction to the others. It is closely related to enstrophy, the latter being more equivalent to the "power"... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38939393 |
Digalloyl glucose may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38939848 |
Platinum-iridium alloy Platinum-iridium alloys are alloys of the platinum group precious metals platinum and iridium. Typical alloy proportions are 90:10 or 70:30 (Pt:Ir). These have the chemical stability of platinum, but increased hardness. The Vickers hardness of pure platinum is 56 HV while platinum with 50% of iri... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38940991 |
Autapse An autapse is a chemical or electrical synapse from a neuron onto itself. It can also be described as a synapse formed by the axon of a neuron on its own dendrites, "in vivo" or "in vitro". The term "autapse" was first coined in 1972 by Van der Loos and Glaser, who observed them in Golgi preparations of the rab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38946837 |
Autapse Autapses have been used to simulate "same cell" conditions to help researchers make quantitative comparisons, such as studying how "N"-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists affect synaptic versus extrasynaptic NMDARs. Recently, it has been proposed that autapses could possibly form as a result of neur... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38946837 |
Autapse In cell culture, autapses have been shown to contribute to the prolonged activation of B31/B32 neurons, which significantly contribute food-response behavior in "Aplysia". This suggests that autapses may play a role in mediating positive feedback. It is important to note that the B31/B32 autapse was unable to p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38946837 |
Autapse In HR model neurons without autapses, the pattern of firing altered from quiescent to periodic and then to chaotic as DC current was increased. Generally, HR model neurons with autapses have the ability to swap into any firing pattern, regardless of the prior firing pattern. Neurons from several brain regions, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38946837 |
Autapse More recently, in human neocortical tissues of patients with intractable epilepsy, the GABAergic output autapses of fast-spiking (FS) neurons have been shown to have stronger asynchronous release (AR) compared to both non-epileptic tissue and other types of synapses involving FS neurons. The study found similar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38946837 |
Transcriptor A transcriptor is a transistor-like device composed of DNA and RNA rather than a semiconducting material such as silicon. Prior to its invention in 2013, the transcriptor was considered an important component to build biological computers. To function, a modern computer needs three different capabilities: ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38959571 |
Transcriptor " Transcriptors can replicate traditional AND, OR, NOR, NAND, XOR, and XNOR gates with equivalents, which Endy dubbed "Boolean Integrase Logic (BIL) gates", in a single-layer process (i.e., without requiring multiple instances of the simpler gates to build up more complex ones). Like a traditional transist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38959571 |
Fracture in polymers Polymer fracture is the study of the fracture surface of an already failed material to determine the method of crack formation and extension in polymers both fiber reinforced and otherwise. Failure in polymer components can occur at relatively low stress levels, far below the tensile strength becau... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers DMTA can be used for o-rings and gaskets to measure the creep rates. The term fatigue refers to the effect of cyclic or intermittent loads. Cyclic loading due to either oscillating mechanical stress or to alternate heating and cooling, is more detrimental than static loading. Under cyclic load the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers As the temperature within the polymer rises, the stiffness and yield strength will fall, and thermal failure becomes a possibility as deformation levels become excessive. Fracture mechanics in polymers has become an increasingly concerning field as many industries transition to implementing polymer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers The initiation site for fracture in these materials can often occur at inorganic dust particles where the stress exceeds critical value. Under standard linear elastic fracture mechanics, Griffiths law can be used to predict the amount of energy needed to create a new surface by balancing the amount... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers This also creates voids which are known as cavitation and can be seen at a macroscopic level as a stress-whitened region as shown in Figure 1. These voids surround the aligned polymer regions. The stress in the aligned fibrils will carry majority of the stress as the covalent bonds are significantl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers formula_3 "Stress Intensity Equation" As the fibrils in the crack begin to rupture the crack will advance in either a stable, unstable or critical growth depending on the toughness of the material. To accurately determine the stability of a crack growth and R curve plot should be constructed. A uni... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers Polymer fatigue life is affected by multiple factors, including temperature, oxidation, crystallization and so on. Therefore, the need becomes vital for people to study and predict the mechanical performances of polymers under different environments. The experimental methods to study polymer fatigu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers Hence, a lot of researcher design experiments to study the fatigue behaviors of polymers according to these two phases, especially for rubber fatigue. Crack Nucleation Approach The crack nucleation approach considers that polymers will eventually crack under a history of stress and strains. Study u... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers Because of the pre-existing crack, the elastic energy released by fracture will associate with the surface energy at new crack surfaces, and it was found that the crack propagation rate can be described by a function of the energy release rate, depending on which regime of crack propagation this re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers The work inputted into the material (area of the hysteresis loop) is converted to heat raising the temperature of the material, possibly above the glass transition temperature. This creates a localized melting at the crack tip allowing the crack to advance. The magnitude at which the crack front wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers In cases where polymers such as PVC follow the rules of linear elastic fracture mechanics, Paris law may be used to relate the fatigue crack propagation rate to the magnitude of stress intensity being applied. Below a certain stress intensity, crack propagation slowly increases until stable crack p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Fracture in polymers However, amorphous polymers exhibit brittle behaviour under impact, especially if the component is notched or is too thick relative to a corner radius. The occurrence of brittle failure can be decreased by: increasing the molecular weight, inclusion of rubber phase, inducing orientation in the poly... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38966255 |
Zearalanone (ZAN) is a semi-synthetic mycoestrogen that is a derivative of zearalenone (ZEN). is extracted from medical herbs and edible herbs alone with other substance called aflatoxins in the same time by a specific immunoaffinity column. has six analog. They are ZEN, zearalanone, α-zeralanol, β-zeralanol, α-zearale... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38968049 |
C26H26N2 The molecular formula CHN (molar mass: 366.49 g/mol) may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38970482 |
C18H24O5 The molecular formula CHO may refer to: | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991792 |
Single-cell analysis In the field of cellular biology, single-cell analysis is the study of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics at the single cell level. Due to the heterogeneity seen in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell populations, analyzing a single cell makes it possible to discover mechanisms... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Methods currently used for single cell isolation include: Dielectrophoretic digital sorting, enzymatic digestion, FACS, hydrodynamic traps, laser capture microdissection, manual picking, microfluidics, micromanipulation, serial dilution, and Raman tweezers. Manual single cell picking is a method wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Hydrodynamic microfluidics facilitates the development of passive lab-on-chip applications. A latest review gives an account of the recent advances in this field, along with their mechanisms, methods and applications. Dielectrophoretic digital sorting method utilizes a semiconductor controlled arra... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis The following principles outline the various microfluidic processes for single-cell separation: droplet-in-oil based isolation, pneumatic membrane valving, and hydrodynamic cell traps. Droplet-in-oil based microfluidics uses oil-filled channels to hold separated aqueous droplets. This allows the si... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Single-cell genomics is heavily dependent on increasing the copies of DNA found in the cell so there is enough to be sequenced. This has led to the development of strategies for "whole genome amplification" (WGA). Currently WGA strategies can be grouped into three categories: The Adapter Linker PCR... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Bias in this system is reduced by only copying off the original DNA strand instead of making copies of copies. The main draw backs to using MALBA, is it has reduced accuracy compared to DOP-PCR and MDA due to the enzyme used to copy the DNA. Once amplified using any of the above techniques, the DNA... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Alternately, fluorescent compounds attached to RNA hybridization probes are used to identify specific sequences and sequential application of different RNA probes will build up a comprehensive transcriptome. The purpose of single cell transcriptomics is to determine what genes are being expressed i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis The antibody based methods use designed antibodies to bind to proteins of interest, allowing the relative abundance of multiple individual targets to be identified by one of several different techniques. "Imaging:" Antibodies can be bound to fluorescent molecules such as quantum dots or tagged with... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis These techniques can be highly multiplexed for simultaneous quantification of many targets (panels of up to 38 markers) in single cells. Antibody-DNA quantification: another antibody-based method converts protein levels to DNA levels. The conversion to DNA makes it possible to amplify protein level... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis The second generation SCoPE-MS, SCoPE2, increased the throughput by automated and miniaturized sample preparation; one such approach is MAMS (Micro-Arrays for Mass Spectrometry), which achieves aliquoting at high speeds by exploiting differences in wettability between recipient sites and surroundin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis These methods are very similar to those used to quantify the proteome of bulk cells, with modifications to accommodate the very small sample volume. The purpose of studying the proteome is to better understand the activity of cells at the single cells level. Since proteins are responsible for deter... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Mass spectroscopy is becoming the most frequently used method for single cell metabolomics. Its advantages are that there is no need to develop fluorescent proteins for all molecules of interest, and is capable of detecting metabolites in the femtomole range. Similar to the methods discussed in pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Single-cell analysis Branching of these trajectories describes cell differentiation. Various methods have been developed for reconstructing branching developmental trajectories from single-cell transcriptomic data. They use various advanced mathematical concepts from optimal transportation to principal graphs. Some sof... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=38991948 |
Cohesive zone model The cohesive zone model (CZM) is a model in fracture mechanics in which fracture formation is regarded as a gradual phenomenon in which separation of the surfaces involved in the crack takes place across an extended crack tip, or cohesive zone, and is resisted by cohesive tractions. The origin of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39001926 |
Cohesive zone model For each material system, guidelines are to be formed and modelling is done individually. This is how the CZM works. The amount of fracture energy dissipated in the work region depends on the shape of the model considered. Also, the ratio between the maximum stress and the yield stress affects the l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39001926 |
Dolphin WaterCare is a brand of environmentally responsible pulsed-power water treatment technology patented by Clearwater Systems Corporation. The system is designed to control scale, corrosion and biological activity in cooling towers without the use of chemicals, chemical tanks or pumps. The brand is used in various... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39007265 |
Dolphin WaterCare This form of water treatment is designed to provide control of bacteria, scale and corrosion: The system utilizes two methods of controlling microbial populations in cooling systems: encapsulation and electroporation. Encapsulation is a process that involves bacteria attaching themselves to the formin... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39007265 |
Dolphin WaterCare It has also enabled customers of the product to secure Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) points with more than 350 projects achieving LEED certification. solution was also a 2011 recipient of an Artemis Project Award, given to Clearwater Systems Corporation, in recognition of its im... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39007265 |
Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 The (PPPA); (Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670-74) was signed into law by U.S. President Richard Nixon on December 30, 1970. It was enacted by the 91st United States Congress. This law required the use of child-resistant packaging for prescription drugs, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39014540 |
Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 Some of the earliest attempts at controlling the problem of poisonings in children came about after World War II. In 1960, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in association with the American Medical Association (AMA), drafted what became known as the Hazardous Substances Lab... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39014540 |
Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 These substances include, but are not limited to | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39014540 |
Aluminium powder Aluminum powder is powdered aluminum. This was originally produced by mechanical means using a stamp mill to create flakes. Subsequently, a process of spraying molten aluminum to create a powder of droplets was developed by E. J. Hall in the 1920s. The resulting powder might then be processed further i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39022925 |
Metal powder is a metal that has been broken down into a powder form. Metals that can be found in powder form include aluminium powder, nickel powder, iron powder and many more. According to Belmont Metals, their design engineers are turning to metal powders because of the benefits such as cost effectiveness, versatili... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39023855 |
Silanylidene group Silanylidene groups, or silene groups are saturated hydrosilicon functional groups, which means that they consist only of hydrogen and silicon atoms and all bonds are single bonds, except for the joining bond, which is a double bond. By definition, cycles are excluded, so that the silanylidene groups... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39029702 |
Silanylidene group Silanylidene groups with more than two silicon atoms can be arranged in various ways, forming structural isomers. The simplest isomer of a silanylidene group is the one in which the silicon atoms are arranged in a single chain with no branches, and a terminal joinining silicon atom. This isomer is so... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39029702 |
GP5 chip The GP5 is a co-processor accelerator built to accelerate discrete belief propagation on factor graphs and other large-scale tensor product operations for machine learning. It is related to, and anticipated by a number of years, the Google Tensor Processing Unit It is designed to run as a co-processor with ano... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39034242 |
GP5 chip in 2011. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39034242 |
Aluminium granules are fine spherical aggregates of aluminium. are manufactured by the melting of primary or secondary aluminium and blown in air or vacuum, or are cast in sand and then sieved off. Other methods include casting of molten aluminium in water. have been found safer and economical compared to atomized alum... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=39039959 |
Conditioned place preference (CPP) is a form of Pavlovian conditioning used to measure the motivational effects of objects or experiences. By measuring the amount of time an animal spends in an area that has been associated with a stimulus, researchers can infer the animal's liking for the stimulus. This paradigm can a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference As in Pavlovian conditioning, an initially neutral stimulus, in this case environmental cues, is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus that naturally produces a response prior to conditioning (the unconditioned response). Over time and pairings the neutral stimulus will come to e... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference In the habituation procedure the animal is given a chance to explore the apparatus. This is done to reduce the effects of novelty and usually consists of one five-minute trial. In the conditioning phase the unconditioned stimulus (e.g. morphine) is administered to the animal (usually a mous... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference In the standard conditioned place preference procedure, when the unconditioned stimulus is rewarding, rodents will be more likely to approach the compartment that contains cues associated with it. Alternatively, when the unconditioned stimulus is aversive, rodents will be more likely to esc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference Although the protocol is most often used with mice and rats, it can be adapted for use in other species such as birds and other rodents. In drug testing the conditioned reward or aversive effects can be tested in a drug-free state where the animals will not be impaired due to drug use. The ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference Otherwise, for instance when anxiolytic drugs are used as the rewarding agent, we can interpret an only relative place preference to be derived from the anxiolytic effect of the drug. On the other hand, with a biased design, we can distinguish between the anxiolytic and antiaversive effects... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference The extinction process can be used with knockout mice to establish whether certain receptors are particularly involved in the extinction process. Extinction is also used by researchers to study different forms of reinstatement. Reinstatement is a method used in animal testing procedures inc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference Primed induced reinstatement is a test in CPP whereby the unconditioned stimulus is given to the animal after the association between the UCS and CS has been extinguished. Administration of the UCS primes the association with the CS (place compartment) and stimulates the reacquisition of th... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference In the conditioned place preference paradigm, stress has been shown to reinstate conditioned place preferences in rats after the preference had been extinguished. This has implications for research on addiction because of the effect that stress has on human relapse behavior. Stress induced ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference Reinstatement of conditioned place preference has shown to be blocked when antagonists for CRH receptors are injected into the BNST. In other words, the effects of stress on reinstatement can be inhibited by blocking the receptor sites for CRH in certain areas of the brain. The neurotrasmit... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
Conditioned place preference Drug priming is thought to induce relapse in humans because of their effects on the reward circuits of the brain. Repeated drug exposure is thought to sensitize the rewarding effect of the drug and exposure to the drug after extinction can reintroduce this rewarding effect. These effects pl... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=20876681 |
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