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Employers' Association of Greater Chicago Driscoll claimed that he had taken at least $10,000 in bribes from Thorne and executives at other companies to force the unions out on strike. Driscoll also alleged that the Teamsters and other unions had demanded bribes to end the strike, and that Driscoll had skimmed portions...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago The focus on illegal activities by unions proved so effective that the EA's main priority became attacking labor racketeering. The term "racketeering" was, in fact, coined by the Employers' Association of Chicago in June 1927 in a statement about the influence of organized crim...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago A year later, organized crime figures bombed Breen's home for fear that the ongoing investigation might lead to Breen's indictment and that he might inform on his associates. But Breen was never indicted, however. The Employers' Association made its first foray into legislative...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago The bombing campaign only intensified, however, with another 30 bombings in August and September 1929. In 1931, the Association went public with a report which estimated the cost of bombings at $500 million ($6.8 billion in 2007 dollars), and the cost of racketeering at $145 mi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation" 301 U.S. 1 (1937). The EA rarely attacked the act for the remainder of the 1930s or during World War II. However, in the post-war period it once more blasted unions and the federal government's labor policies. The EA undertook a campaign to i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago No indictments or grand jury investigations occurred, either. By November 1951, the EA dropped its pretense of "fair play" and announced it openly opposed unionization of every workplace. But this militaristic stand did little to revive the group. The EA tried again to focus pu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago As its anti-union campaigns flagged, the organization began to become more of a human resources consulting agency for its members. In 1941, it released its first survey of workforce needs. Some of its human resources educational efforts remained linked to its traditional anti-u...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Employers' Association of Greater Chicago But the EA abandoned most of its anti-union programs. The organization's membership, which had hovered at the 1,000-member mark for 60 years, remained stable. But the Association became less and less of an important political and workplace player in Chicago. In 1971, EA preside...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14305450
Good moral character is an ideal state of a person's beliefs and values that is considered most beneficial to society. In United States law, good moral character can be assessed through the requirement of virtuous acts or by principally evaluating negative conduct. Whether the assessment of good moral character depends...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14308109
Good moral character Many laws create a paradox by placing the burden of proof of good moral character on the applicant while such a proof, but not the law, necessitates that the evaluators assess the beliefs and values of the applicant. is the opposite of moral turpitude, another legal concept in the United States use...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14308109
Good moral character According to some moral character assessors, virtually all crimes such as city ordinance violations, misdemeanors, as well as felonies are considered to be de facto evidence that a person does not have good moral character. However, many states exclude minor traffic violations as part of a person's...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14308109
Good moral character On May 14, 2019, Oklahoma enacted a law to remove the good moral character clauses from their licensure requirements and implemented more objective standards. In 2019, Mississippi enacted legislation to limit the use of “vague” terms such as “moral turpitude” and “good character” by state agencies....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14308109
Kiddie tax The kiddie tax rule exists in the United States of America and can be found in Internal Revenue Code § 1(g), which "taxes certain unearned income of a child at the parent's marginal rate, no matter whether the child can be claimed as a dependent on the parent's return". The United States federal income tax s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14310490
Kiddie tax Under §1(g)(2), the kiddie tax applies to a child if either of the following two conditions are true: (1) the child has not reached age 18 by the end of the taxable year; (2) the child has not reached age 24, their earned income is not more than one-half of their support, and they must be a full-time student...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14310490
Kiddie tax To qualify, those ages 19 to 23 who are full-time students must have earned income that is less than 50 percent of their support.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14310490
Broadwater Energy is a Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal proposed to be built in Long Island Sound between New York State and Connecticut. The project has received vociferous objections from Connecticut officials and some New York state officials. New York state officials had yet to decide whether to issue permits for the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14310639
Broadwater Energy It would have the capability to stockpile eight billion cubic feet of gas. The project also involves the laying of a long pipeline from the platform to the Iroquois line (off the shore the village of Nissequogue, New York). Broadwater's website notes advantages to consumers of cutting the cost of natu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14310639
Broadwater Energy " Broadwater however does have the right to appeal to the US Department of Commerce.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14310639
Equity home bias puzzle The is the term given to describe the fact that individuals and institutions in most countries hold only modest amounts of foreign equity. This is since observed returns on national equity portfolios suggest substantial benefits from international diversification. The home bias in equities was f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14311702
Equity home bias puzzle The home bias, which was prevalent in the 1970s and 1980s, is still present in emerging market countries, but there are some recent data showing some support for the decline in the equity home bias in developed market countries. The benefit from holding a more equally diversified portfolio of do...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14311702
Equity home bias puzzle The effect of an increase in trade and the development of the Internet support the hypothesis about information immobility as well as information asymmetry. In some countries, like Belgium, holding stocks of foreign companies implies a double taxation on dividends, once in the country of the com...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14311702
Productivity model Productivity in economics is usually measures as the ratio of what is produced (an aggregate output) to what is used in producing it (an aggregate input). Productivity is closely related to the measure of production efficiency. A productivity model is a measurement method which is used in practice fo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model The comparison reveals some differences that can mainly be seen to result from differences in measuring accuracy. It has been possible to develop the productivity model of business so as to be more accurate than that of national economy for the simple reason that in business the measuring data are mu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model The differences play an insignificant role, and the solutions that are optional can be recommended for good reasons. Productivity measurement models can differ in characteristics from another in six ways. Based on the variables used in the productivity model suggested for measuring business, such mod...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model PPPR is the abbreviation for the following function: "Profitability = f (Productivity, Price Recovery)" In this model, the variables of profitability are productivity and price recovery. Only the productivity is a variable of the production function. The model lacks the variable of volume, and for th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model Calculating methods differ in the use of either output volume or input volume for measuring the volume of activity. The former solution complies with the cost function and the latter with the production function. It is obvious that the calculation produces different results from the same material. A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model (Saari 2006b) The productivity model Saari is the only model with alterable characteristics. Hence, it is an adjustable model. A comparison between other models has been feasible by exploiting this particular characteristic of this model. In order to measure productivity of a nation or an industry, i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model In national economy, the total production is measured as the sum of value added whereas in business it is measured by the total output value. When the output is calculated by the value added, all purchase inputs (energy, materials etc.) and their productivity impacts are excluded from the examination...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model The problem of aggregating or combining the output and inputs is purely measurement technical, and it is caused by the fixed grouping of the items. In national accounting, data need to be fed under fixed items resulting in large items of output and input which are not homogeneous as provided in the m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Productivity model For reasons of market economy, relative values of output and inputs alter while the relative prices of the basic year do not react to these changes in any way. Structural changes like this will be wrongly evaluated. Short life-cycle products will not have any basis of evaluation because they are born...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14317806
Home bias in trade puzzle The is a widely discussed problem in macroeconomics and international finance, first documented by John T. McCallum in an article from 1995. McCallum showed that for the United States and Canada, inter-province trade is 20 times larger than international trade, holding other determinants of tr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14323856
Basis of accounting A basis of accounting is the time various financial transactions are recorded. The cash basis (EU VAT vocabulary "Cash accounting") and the accrual basis is the two primary methods of tracking income and expenses in accounting. Both can be used in a range of situations, from the accounts of a whole ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14332621
Basis of accounting Under the "earlier-of test", an accrual basis taxpayer receives income when (1) the required performance occurs, (2) payment therefor is due, or (3) payment therefor is made, whichever happens earliest. Under the earlier of test outlined in Revenue Ruling 74–607, an accrual basis taxpayer may be tre...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14332621
Mainland (cheese) Mainland Cheese is a brand of cheese now owned by Fonterra Co-operative Group that is sold throughout Australasia and parts of the Americas. It began as a family business in the South Island of New Zealand (which is jocularly known as the "mainland" of New Zealand because it is larger than the North I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14343312
Mainland (cheese) Mainland's advertising in Australia has been largely focused on playing on the New Zealand accent. For example, "your frind in the frudge" ("your friend in the fridge"), and confusing the sound of "cheese day" with "Tuesday".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14343312
Hicks-neutral technical change is change in the production function of a business or industry which satisfies certain economic neutrality conditions. The concept of Hicks neutrality was first put forth in 1932 by John Hicks in his book "The Theory of Wages". A change is considered to be Hicks neutral if the change does...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14348925
Epesi is an open source, PHP/Ajax framework for rapid development of web based, database driven applications. The framework includes the CRM (customer relationship management) multiuser application. It requires PHP 5.x and MySQL or PostgreSQL database server on the server side and can be accessed using any modern brows...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14353968
Epesi At the beginning of 2006, Teknaspan Corporation was acquired by another IT consulting company. Janusz Tylek left Teknaspan and formed Telaxus LLC, a small software startup company focusing on development of web-based applications. The framework using latest standards like AJAX, HTML5 and CSS3 was born. The origin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14353968
Epesi Dashboard Calendar Record browser EPESI framework takes advantage of some third party libraries like database driver ADOdb or jQuery. The framework allows development of new modules, especially when utilizing Record Browser - a module that automatically generates views, limits queries, stores historical data, etc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14353968
Epesi This reduces e-mail traffic - instead of forwarding coworkers an e-mail with attachment resulting in wasted space a single instance of this e-mail is sufficient. Additionally, reference links can be created in as many modules as needed (for example, a meeting or a task can have reference links to this e-mail). EP...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14353968
Euro Banking Association The (EBA) is an industry forum for the European payments industry with close to 200 member banks and organisations from the European Union and across the world aimed at fostering and driving pan-European payment initiatives. Through its industry initiatives and the euro payment systems it has d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14357424
Euro Banking Association As the largest network of payment practitioners with a pan-European mindset and vision, the EBA provides a country-neutral forum for discussing and driving payment initiatives. Based on the support of its unique membership, the EBA contributes to the development and improvement of pan-European ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14357424
Shared Check Authorization Network (SCAN) is a comprehensive database of bad check writers in the United States. The database is used by retailers in order to reduce the number of bad checks received. The database keeps track of those who have written outstanding bad checks to any retailer using the system, and retaile...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14363774
Peacemaking criminology is a non-violent movement against oppression, social injustice and violence as found within criminology, criminal justice and society in general. With its emphasis on inter-personal, intra-personal and spiritual integration, it is well connected to the emerging perspective of positive criminolog...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14368137
Associação Empresarial de Portugal The (AEP) (Portuguese Business Association) is a Portuguese chamber of commerce, based in Porto, Portugal and founded in 1849. Its first statutes, however, date from 1838. In 1996, the was officially upgraded to Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Norte Region (decree no. 58/96 of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14369251
Month-to-date (MTD) is a period starting at the beginning of the current calendar month and ending at the current date. is used in many contexts, mainly for recording results of an activity in the time between a date (exclusive, since this day may not yet be "complete") and the beginning of the current month. In the co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14370006
Executive summary An executive summary (or management summary) is a short document or section of a document produced for business purposes. It summarizes a longer report or proposal or a group of related reports in such a way that readers can rapidly become acquainted with a large body of material without having to rea...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14371951
Executive summary For example, members of Texas A&M University Department of Agricultural Economics observe that "An executive summary is an initial interaction between the writers of the report and their target readers: decision makers, potential customers, and/or peers. A business leader’s decision to continue readin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14371951
Executive summary Similarly Colin Leys, writing in The Socialist Register, argues that executive summaries are used to present dumbed down arguments: "there is remarkably little adverse comment on the steep decline that has occurred since 1980 in the quality of government policy documents, whose level of argumentation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14371951
Official function An official function is either an event, such as a convention, that has an official purpose for one's employment, vocation or profession-whether run by a person, institution or governmental agency-or an official duty. Attending events with official purposes is one of the duties of many persons in many...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14372472
Generalized Ozaki cost function In economics the generalized-Ozaki cost is a general description of cost described by Shuichi Nakamura. For output "y", at date "t" and a vector of "m" input prices "p", the generalized-Ozaki cost, "c", is In econometrics it is often desirable to have a model of the cost of production of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14394227
Generalized Ozaki cost function This means they can be expressed as a function, and that function can be broken into an outer part and an inner part. The inner part will appear once as a term in the outer part, and the inner part will be monotonically increasing, or to say it another way, it never goes down. However, e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14394227
Backus–Smith puzzle In economics, the or consumption – real-exchange-rate anomaly is the observation that the correlations between consumption and real exchange rates are zero or negative. This is contrary to economic theory which predicts that with full risk sharing, relative consumption should be perfectly correlated...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14408484
Accounting ethics is primarily a field of applied ethics and is part of business ethics and human ethics, the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to accountancy. It is an example of professional ethics. Accounting introduced by Luca Pacioli, and later expanded by government groups, professional organizati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics Knowledge of ethics can help accountants and auditors to overcome ethical dilemmas, allowing for the right choice that, although it may not benefit the company, will benefit the public who relies on the accountant/auditor's reporting. Most countries have differing focuses on enforcing accounting laws....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics In 1887, the American Association of Public Accountants (AAPA) was created; it was the first step in developing professionalism in the United States accounting industry. By 1905, the AAPA's first ethical codes were formulated to educate its members. During its twentieth anniversary meeting in October ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics When developing the ethical principles, the AICPA also considered how the profession would be viewed by those outside of the accounting industry. Courses on this subject have grown significantly in the last couple of decades. Teaching accountants about ethics can involve role playing, lectures, case s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics There has been debate on whether ethics should be taught in a university setting. Supporters point out that ethics are important to the profession, and should be taught to accountants entering the field. In addition, the education would help to reinforce students' ethical values and inspire them to pr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics has been deemed difficult to control as accountants and auditors must consider the interest of the public (which relies on the information gathered in audits) while ensuring that they remained employed by the company they are auditing. They must consider how to best apply accounting standards even whe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics From the 1980s to the present there have been multiple accounting scandals that were widely reported on by the media and resulted in fraud charges, bankruptcy protection requests, and the closure of companies and accounting firms. The scandals were the result of creative accounting, misleading financi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics Several studies have proposed that a firm's corporate culture as well as the values it stresses may negatively alter an accountant's behavior. This environment could contribute to the degradation of ethical values that were learned from universities. Until 1977, ethics rules prevented accounting and a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics The factors include (in order of most significant): "self-interest, failure to maintain objectivity and independence, inappropriate professional judgment, lack of ethical sensitivity, improper leadership and ill-culture, failure to withstand advocacy threats, lack of competence, lack of organizational...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics According to recent studies, many believe that the principles-based approach in financial reporting would not only improve but would also support an auditor upon dealing with client’s pressure. As a result, financial reports could be viewed with fairness and transparency. When the U.S. switched to Int...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics Since the major accounting scandals, new reforms, regulations, and calls for increased higher education have been introduced to combat the dangers of unethical behavior. By educating accountants on ethics before entering the workforce, such as through higher education or initial training at companies,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics The PCAOB was developed through the Act, and replaced the POB. In 2003, the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) released a report entitled "Rebuilding Public Confidence in Financial Reporting: An International Perspective". By studying the international company collapses as a result of acco...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Accounting ethics The highlights of the legislation are consumer protections with authority and independence, ends too big to fail bail outs, advance warning system, transparency and accountability for exotic instruments, executive compensation and corporate governance, protects investors, and enforces regulations on t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417025
Soreen is a brand of malt loaf and a subsidiary of Samworth Brothers, a food manufacturing company based in Leicestershire. The creator of Soreen, John Rahbek Sorenson, arrived in England in 1920. He purchased a property in Manchester two years before setting up John Sorenson Bakery Equipment & Co. Over the course of t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14417091
Capital (newspaper) Capital () is a weekly newspaper in Bulgaria. The first issue of Capital was put out in 1993. A redesign in 2006 has left the main body of the newspaper structured into four parts. Various business-to-business events are organized under the Capital brand. "Capital" was established in 1993. As of 200...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14421776
Pevsner v. Commissioner Pevsner v. Commissioner, 628 F.2d 467 (5th Cir. 1980) is a United States federal income tax case before the Fifth Circuit. It dealt with the issue of whether clothes purchased solely for use at work could be treated as a business expense deduction on a taxpayer's return. HELD: Sandra J. Pevsner ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14429347
Pevsner v. Commissioner The general rule is that the cost of clothing is deductible as a business expense only if: (1) the clothing is of a type specifically required as a condition of employment, (2) it is not adaptable to general usage as ordinary clothing, and (3) it is not so worn. The court held that the question ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14429347
Pevsner v. Commissioner These sections must always be looked at together, because § 162 generally allows a deduction for ordinary and necessary expenses incurred in a trade or business while § 262 disallows deductions for all personal, living, or family expenses. Specifically, § 162(a) states that "there shall be allow...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14429347
Pevsner v. Commissioner This decision explains why, for example, a young lawyer who buys a new suit exclusively for work and never dresses in a suit outside of work would not be able to deduct the suit on his or her tax return. Courts will find that the suit is generally suitable for ordinary wear, regardless of the pa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14429347
Master of Business and Law A is a two-year master's degree that aims to familiarize the students with the business skills and knowledge of commercial elements of law that might be considered useful for a career in business and/or as an entrepreneur.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14435993
Business Centre Australia is a business news television program that was broadcast on CNBC Asia. The program served as a round-up to the trading day in Australia. During its debut in late January 2001, it initially aired only to viewers on CNBC Asia's Australian feed but later that year it was made available across the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14444898
Michael Perry (footballer) Michael Wykeham Perry (16 May 1944 —) is a former Australian rules football player who played in the VFL between 1965 and 1969 for the Richmond Football Club. The son of Charles Wykeham William Perry (1910-), and Edith Rhoda Jean Perry (1916-), née McLeod, Michael Wykeham Perry was born at th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14445483
Michael Perry (footballer) He played the entire 1968 and 1969 seasons for Richmond's senior side, missing Richmond's 1969 Grand Final winning team because of a four-game suspension for striking Footscray's Tad Joniec in the last home-and-away match of the 1969 season. Although he was unable to play any more senior grad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14445483
Reuters 3000 Xtra was an electronic trading platform which was released by Reuters in 1999 and supported until the end of 2013. It was typically used by professional traders and financial analysts in trading rooms. It was superseded by the Eikon platform, first released in 2010. 3000 Xtra provided real-time market data...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452467
Reuters 3000 Xtra It went on to become the de facto platform on traders' desks in banks and financial institutions due to the breadth of the information available, despite the significant cost and dedicated infrastructure required. Its main rival was the Bloomberg Terminal, although in many cases both systems were used...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452467
Reuters 3000 Xtra From version 5 onwards, it was qualified for Citrix thin client delivery, which became a common way to access the software.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452467
Account manager An account manager (AM) is a person who works for a company and is responsible for the management of sales and relationships with particular customers. An account manager maintains the company's existing relationships with a client or group of clients, so that they will continue using the company for bu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452587
Account manager Each customer account can vary in demands and an account manager may work with brand managers for one account and a media department for another. Account managers usually report directly to the account director or agency director of the activity and status of accounts and transactions. An account manage...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452587
Account manager Key account management includes sales but also includes planning and managing the full relationship between a business and its most important customers. An account manager who works in this role will engage in a variety of tasks including project management, coordination, strategic planning, relationshi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452587
Account manager Travel is usually included in the job description. National or global account managers will very likely experience extra travel. Although personality and an aptitude for sales is key, a degree in business, marketing, or related field is typically required and depending on the nature of the account, a ba...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14452587
Outline of accounting The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to accounting: Accounting – measurement, statement or provision of assurance about financial information primarily used by managers, investors, tax authorities and other decision makers to make resource allocation decisions with...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14463785
E24 Næringsliv E24 Næringsliv, formerly N24, is a Norwegian, online business newspaper launched on 18 April 2006. During the first three years of operation, the newspaper was owned 60% by "Aftenposten" and 40% by "Verdens Gang" ("VG"), both fully owned by public media company Schibsted. "Verdens Gang" ("VG") owns 100% ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14466332
Finansavisen is a Norwegian business newspaper published by Hegnar Media in Oslo, Norway. "Finansavisen" was first published on 1 October 1992 by Trygve Hegnar, who is also editor-in-chief. The paper has its headquarters in Oslo. It has also an associated online edition called Hegnar Online, with a homepage located at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=14466701
Business cluster A business cluster is a geographic concentration of interconnected businesses, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular field. Clusters are considered to increase the productivity with which companies can compete, nationally and globally. Accounting is a part of the business cluster. In u...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster Now, competitive advantage—how companies make productive use of inputs, requiring continual innovation—is more important. Porter argues that economic activities are embedded in social activities; that 'social glue binds clusters together'. This is supported by recent research showing that particularly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster ) Following development of the concept of interorganizational networks in Germany and practical development of clusters in the United Kingdom; many perceive there to be four methods by which a cluster can be identified: It is also expected – particularly in the German model of organizational networks –...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster In other words, venture capitalists (sellers of finance) and dot-com startups (buyers of finance) "clustered" in and around a geographical area. The cluster effect in the capital market also led to a cluster effect in the labor market. As an increasing number of companies started up in Silicon Valley, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster The cluster of its digital media-related, high-tech firms spawned partnerships which in turn leveraged both human and social capital in the area. Eventually, DMC fed the innovation of more than 10,000 small-scale Internet, game, and telecommunication firms located in Seoul. In development of DMC, the S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster The cohesive connection of industry, cultural centers, infrastructure, and human capital has fostered Seoul as a strong metropolitan economy and South Korea, the Miracle on the Han River, as a storied nation transitioning from a manufacturing to an innovation economy. The cluster effect can be more eas...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster In France, the national industrial policy includes support for a specific form of business clusters, called "Pôles de Compétitivité", such as Cap Digital. Another good example is the Nano/Microelectronics and Embedded Systems" or in short "mi-Cluster" that was facilitated by "Corallia Cluster Initiativ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
Business cluster In the case of Silicon Valley as stated above for example, increased crowding in the valley led to severe shortage of office and residential space which in turn forced many companies to move to alternative locations such as Austin, Texas and Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina even though they would have li...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6330236
The City in Europe and the World () is a 2005 collection of essays examining the relationship between the City of London's financial markets, politics, government, and Europe, edited by Stephen Barber and with a foreword by Peter Mandelson. The book covers topics such as the political economy of the City, the Lisbon st...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6334286
LRIC or LRAIC (the distinction between the two is presented below) is an abbreviation for "Long-Run Average Incremental Cost". A model is often used in telecommunications regulation to determine the price paid by competitors for services provided by an operator with significant market power, usually the incumbent (form...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6370127
LRIC However, these increments can effectively be grouped into three different categories: 1. a small change in the volume of a particular service; 2. the addition of a whole service; or 3. the addition of a whole group of services. The first definition of the increment is equivalent to a measurable version of marginal...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6370127
NCDEX Commodity Index The is an equal-weighted spot price index of 10 agricultural commodities covering different goods such as oils and oilseeds, fibres, etc. It is the first such index to be launched in India. Based on the components of the spot price index, NCDEX also displays the national index futures- essentially...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6395870
X tax The is an approach to taxation, suggested in the United States, that can be described as a standard European-style credit-invoice value added tax (VAT), except that wages are deducted by businesses and taxed at progressive rates to workers. Businesses are taxed on gross receipts and individuals taxed on wages, wi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6402219
International Stability Operations Association The (ISOA), formerly known as the International Peace Operations Association (IPOA), is a trade association founded in April 2001. IPOA was created to support the private military and disaster relief industries, and is based in Washington, D.C., United States.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=6413886