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Financial modeling is the task of building an abstract representation (a model) of a real world financial situation. This is a mathematical model designed to represent (a simplified version of) the performance of a financial asset or portfolio of a business, project, or any other investment. Typically, then, financial ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2844974 |
Financial modeling Applications include: To generalize as to the nature of these models: firstly, as they are built around financial statements, calculations and outputs are monthly, quarterly or annual; secondly, the inputs take the form of "assumptions", where the analyst "specifies" the values that will apply in eac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2844974 |
Financial modeling Although purpose-built business software does exist (see also Fundamental Analysis Software), the vast proportion of the market is spreadsheet-based; this is large since the models are almost always company-specific. Also, analysts will each have their own criteria and methods for financial modeling.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2844974 |
Financial modeling , as mentioned, the problems are treated as deterministic in nature — and thus calculate a single value for the asset or project, but without providing information on the range, variance and sensitivity of outcomes. Other critiques discuss the lack of basic computer programming concepts. More serious... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2844974 |
Financial modeling For further discussion here see also: Financial models with long-tailed distributions and volatility clustering; Brownian model of financial markets; Martingale pricing; Extreme value theory; Historical simulation (finance). Modellers are generally referred to as "quants" (quantitative analysts), and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2844974 |
Financial modeling Additionally, for many (of the standard) derivative and portfolio applications, commercial software is available, and the choice as to whether the model is to be developed in-house, or whether existing products are to be deployed, will depend on the problem in question. The complexity of these models... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2844974 |
Solvency Solvency, in finance or business, is the degree to which the current assets of an individual or entity exceed the current liabilities of that individual or entity. can also be described as the ability of a corporation to meet its long-term fixed expenses and to accomplish long-term expansion and growth. This i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2852946 |
Secretariat of Economy In Mexico, the Office for Economic Affairs (Spanish: "Secretaría de Economía"; abbreviated "SE") is the government department in charge of matters related to the economy. The Officer for Economic Affairs is a member of the federal executive cabinet appointed by the President of the Republic. Unti... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2854906 |
Labor market of Japan The labor force in Japan numbered 65.9 million people in 2010, which was 59.6% of the population of 15 years old and older, and amongst them, 62.57 million people were employed, whereas 3.34 million people were unemployed which made the unemployment rate 5.1%. The structure of Japan's labor market... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan However, Japan has shifted to US-type regulation and capitalism after the burst of economic bubble, and Japanese firms have introduced two developments: 1) performance-related pay, and 2) non-regular employment such as part-time, temporary and hiring through human resource agencies. Performance-re... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan 7% (80,730 thousand people) of the total population; most of them are considered as productive population who work and support those who are too old or too young to work, while the percentage of the population aged 65 and over is 23.1% of the total population in 2011 This impacts the shortage of l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan 1% in 2015. Yet a significant portion of female workers are participating in low wage and part-time jobs, while the wage gap was still the third highest in OECD countries in 2017 and women still felt limited in career development. Another changing demographic of Japanese labor market is higher eld... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan This view holds that loyalty to the company has developed as a result of job security and a wage system in which those with the greatest seniority reap the highest rewards. Such corporate structure presumably fostered not only a determined interest in the company but also a low percentage of worke... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan 7 million workers changed jobs in the one-year period beginning October 1, 1986, and the ratio of those who switched jobs to the total labor force matched the previous high recorded in 1974 (one year after the first oil crisis). This survey also showed that the percentage of workers indicating an ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan 3% of Filipinos and others (A labour Ministry survey of Companies). More recent studies suggest that Japan has struggled to attract potential migrants despite immigration laws being relatively lenient (especially for high-skilled workers) compared to other developed countries. This is also apparen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan The outsourcing helped to build local infrastructure and started a technological transfer, and some of the former subsidiaries and joint ventures developed into fierce competitors. China has become an exporter of labor to Japan to perform low wage "3K" jobs: Kitsui (demanding), Kitanai (dirty), an... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan They are mainly located in two less appreciated sectors: 1) comparatively stable but low wage level in small to medium size factories troubled by constant labor shortage, and 2) highly unstable in medium to large size firms needing flexible staffing. The employers prefer Japanese-Brazilians to und... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Labor market of Japan The crisis of the 1990s, the lost decade, reversed the process, and western companies were buying major stakes in big Japanese companies, especially car makers. The process became like that of the 1980s by the early 2000s, when the country experienced a major recovery under the Prime Minister Koiz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2861745 |
Buddhist economics is a spiritual and philosophical approach to the study of economics. It examines the psychology of the human mind and the emotions that direct economic activity, in particular concepts such as anxiety, aspirations and self-actualization principles. In the view of its proponents, aims to clear the con... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Buddhist economics Bhutan's King Jigme Singye Wangchuck and its government have promoted the concept of "gross national happiness" (GNH) since 1972, based on Buddhist spiritual values, as a counter to gauging a nation's development by gross domestic product (GDP). This represents a commitment to building an economy tha... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Buddhist economics From the perspective of a Buddhist, economics and other streams of knowledge cannot be separated. Economics is a single component of a combined effort to fix the problems of humanity and works with it to reach a common goal of societal, individual, and environmental sufficiency. Buddhist ethics was f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Buddhist economics For example, if there were an increase in the consumption of cigarettes, Buddhist economists try to decipher how this increase affects the pollution levels in the environment, its impact on passive smokers and active smokers, and the various health hazards that come along with smoking, thus taking in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Buddhist economics They feel that as a result of this, the focus shifts from the worker to the product of the work, the human to the subhuman, which is wrong. According to them, people are unable to feel liberated not because of wealth but because of their attachment to wealth. In the same way, they say that it is the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Buddhist economics According to them, if the entire population relies on non-renewable resources for their existence, they are behaving parasitically, preying on capital goods instead of income. Adding to this, they feel that this uneven distribution and ever increasing exploitation of natural resources will lead to vi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Buddhist economics The concept of the "middle way" says that time should be divided between working towards consumption and meditation and the optimal allocation between these two activities will be when some meditation is utilized to lower the desire for consumption and to be satisfied with lesser consumption and the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2869356 |
Risk pool A risk pool is one of the forms of risk management mostly practiced by insurance companies. Under this system, insurance companies come together to form a pool, which can provide protection to insurance companies against catastrophic risks such as floods or earthquakes. The term is also used to describe the p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2875461 |
Risk pool Thus, IRPs provide alternative risk financing and transfer mechanisms to their members through self-funding, where particular types of risk are underwritten with contributions (premiums), with losses and expenses shared in agreed ratios. In other words, Intergovernmental Risk Pools are a cooperative group of ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2875461 |
Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework The Heath–Jarrow–Morton (HJM) framework is a general framework to model the evolution of interest rate curves – instantaneous forward rate curves in particular (as opposed to simple forward rates). When the volatility and drift of the instantaneous forward rate are assumed to be determinis... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2876834 |
Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework However, models developed according to the general HJM framework are often non-Markovian and can even have infinite dimensions. A number of researchers have made great contributions to tackle this problem. They show that if the volatility structure of the forward rates satisfy certain cond... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2876834 |
Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework The HJM framework assumes that the dynamics of formula_11 under a risk-neutral pricing measure formula_12 are the following: Where formula_14 is a formula_15-dimensional Wiener process and formula_16, formula_17 are formula_18 adapted processes. Now based on these dynamics for formula_19, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2876834 |
Equity value is the value of a company available to owners or shareholders. It is the enterprise value plus all cash and cash equivalents, short and long-term investments, and less all short-term debt, long-term debt and minority interests. accounts for all the ownership interest in a firm including the value of unexer... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2891127 |
Credit union league A credit union league or credit union central is cooperative federation for credit unions. In Canada there is generally one credit union central per province (with exceptions). Except for the Desjardins Group (primarily operating in Quebec, but also French-speaking areas of New Brunswick and Ontario... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2891456 |
Credit union league From the 1930s until the 1970s, one of the chief duties of the League system was to promote and help facilitate the chartering of new credit unions. However, increased regulation and higher capitalization requirements, combined with the decline in American manufacturing job creation, virtually ended... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2891456 |
National Longitudinal Surveys The (NLS) are a set of surveys sponsored by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor. These surveys have gathered information at multiple points in time on the labor market experiences and other significant life events of several groups of men and women. Each of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys Biennial data collection consists of interviews with the mothers and interviews with the children themselves; from 1994 onward, children turning age 15 and older during the survey year have been administered a Young Adult questionnaire that is similar to the NLSY79 questionnaire. In 2014, ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), the newest survey in the NLS program, is a sample of 8,984 young men and women born during the years 1980 through 1984 and living in the United States when first interviewed. Survey respondents were ages 12 to 17 when first interview... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys The NLSY79 also was designed to help researchers and policymakers evaluate the expanded employment and training programs for youths legislated by the 1977 amendments to the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA). Data are available for this cohort through 2014 when the 7,071 men ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys Beginning in 1988, children age 10 and older have answered a self-administered set of questions about family, friends, jobs, school, after-school activities, computer use, religious attendance, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and more. Starting in 1994, children who have reached age 15 by D... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys The surveys were funded by the Office of Manpower, Automation, and Training (now, the Employment and Training Administration) of the Department of Labor, and conducted by the Center for Human Resource Research (CHRR) of Ohio State University. The NLS of Young Women was a sample of 5,159 wo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys The survey also has included questions on topics specific to the life stage of respondents, such as educational experiences and plans in the earlier years of the survey, childcare issues and fertility expectations a few years later, and health, pension, and retirement information and, fina... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys The NLS of Young Men was a sample of 5,225 men who were ages 14 to 24 in 1966. The survey was one of four original groups first interviewed when the NLS program began in the mid-1960s. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the Young Men cohort to enable research on the employment patterns ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
National Longitudinal Surveys Additional information was collected in 1990 during final interviews with the remaining respondents and the widows or other family members of deceased sample members. The survey covered a variety of topics, including: characteristics of jobs, labor market status, education, health and phys... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2893811 |
IPOD generation The stands for Insecure, Pressured, Over-taxed, and Debt-ridden. The term was first used in the Reform report 'The Class of 2005 - the IPOD generation', written by Professor Nick Bosanquet and Blair Gibbs. Due to diminishing returns for higher education, high-levels of taxation, and a demographic shift ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2905443 |
Private sector development Private Sector Development (PSD) is a term in the international development industry to refer to a range of strategies for promoting economic growth and reducing poverty in developing countries by building private enterprises. This could be through working with firms directly, with membership... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Private sector development The researcher found that the theoretical reasons for intervention were well established by the economics literature, but that the practical approaches and frameworks for delivering subsidies to private sector entities are more complex and less understood. The approaches that do exist vary wi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Private sector development A value chain is a series of activities that enterprises undertake when they produce a good or service, adding value to the inputs at each stage. Value Chain Development thus seeks to maximise the value of any given type of product, whilst incurring the least possible cost to the producers, i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Private sector development Developed countries experience suggests that fees for publicly supported advice was a policy that did not work. In fact, the evidence suggests that subsidised intensive work with relatively few business clients works well, which suggests the requirement for DBS to be self-financing is too one... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Private sector development If managed appropriately, they argue, the challenge of responding to climate change could generate decent jobs and incomes for many millions of poor people. In many parts of the developing world, women are systematically excluded from business opportunities. Discrimination can disadvantage wo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Private sector development Such public-private partnerships or public-private development partnerships cover a wide range of activities. A common characteristic of most PPPs is the aim to leverage the development impact of companies’ core business activities. One increasingly common approach is to create a Challenge Fu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Private sector development On the other hand, where it generates job creation and trade, Private Sector Development can play a vital role in peacebuilding. Industrial policy is broadly defined as selective government intervention to promote a specific economic sector and promote structural change. It may target manufac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2907682 |
Triffin dilemma The or Triffin paradox is the conflict of economic interests that arises between short-term domestic and long-term international objectives for countries whose currencies serve as global reserve currencies. This dilemma was identified in the 1960s by Belgian-American economist Robert Triffin, who pointe... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2911169 |
Triffin dilemma In the wake of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the governor of the People's Bank of China explicitly named the reserve currency status of the US dollar as a contributing factor to global savings and investment imbalances that led to the crisis. As such the Triffin Dilemma is related to the Global Sav... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2911169 |
Triffin dilemma Some economists believed both these tactics, however, would drag the U.S. economy into recession. In support of the Bretton Woods system and to exert control over the exchange rate of gold, the United States initiated the London Gold Pool and the General Agreements to Borrow (GAB) in 1961 which sustaine... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2911169 |
Triffin dilemma Roosevelt and enabled the US Government to confiscate all gold coinage, gold certificates, and gold bullion held by any citizen, did not contribute to the price imbalance and arbitrage opportunity via a wide disparity of gold prices between the US and other markets. A price ceiling had been enacted whic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2911169 |
Triffin dilemma In the wake of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the governor of the People's Bank of China explicitly named the Triffin Dilemma as the root cause of the economic disorder, in a speech titled "Reform the International Monetary System". Zhou Xiaochuan's speech of 29 March 2009 proposed strengthening exi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2911169 |
Triffin dilemma On April 13, 2010, the Strategy, Policy and Review Department of the IMF published a comprehensive report examining these aforementioned problems as well as other world reserve currency considerations, recommending that the world adopt a global reserve currency (bancor) and that a global central bank be... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2911169 |
The New Century Family Money Book is a 1993 financial security self-help book by Jonathan D. Pond. It was first published on March 1, 1993 through Dell Publishing and covers topics such as home ownership, college, investing, careers, insurance, retirement, and income tax and estate planning. The "Chicago Sun-Times" gav... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2913396 |
Market allocation scheme Market allocation or market division schemes are agreements in which competitors divide markets among themselves. In such schemes, competing firms allocate specific customers or types of customers, products, or territories among themselves. For example, one competitor will be allowed to sell to... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2916860 |
A rising tide lifts all boats The aphorism "a rising tide lifts all boats" is associated with the idea that an improved economy will benefit all participants, and that economic policy, particularly government economic policy, should therefore focus on broad economic efforts. The phrase is commonly attributed to John F ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2917174 |
A rising tide lifts all boats The expression also applies to free-market policies, in that comparative-advantage production and subsequent trade would theoretically increase incomes for all participating entities. It is said to be a favorite proverb of former U.S. Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin. However, the term has ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2917174 |
Installment note An installment note is a form of promissory note calling for payment of both principal and interest in specified amounts, or specified minimum amounts, at specific time intervals. This periodic reduction of principal amortizes the loan. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2919683 |
London Club The is an informal group of private creditors on the international stage, and is similar to the Paris Club of public lenders. The is not the only informal group of private payables. The first meeting of the took place in 1976 in response to Zaire's debt payment problems. The of commercial banks has been res... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2920666 |
Style investing is an investment approach in which rotation among different "styles" is supposed to be important for successful investing. As opposed to investing in individual securities, style investors can decide to make portfolio allocation decisions by placing their money in broad categories of assets, such as "la... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2920738 |
Style investing Such groups of securities are often called “asset classes" or “styles”. Portfolio allocation based on selection among styles rather than among individual securities is known as “style investing." The focus on styles enables institutional investors to organize and simplify their portfolio allocation deci... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2920738 |
Style investing ” Other times, a less obvious characteristic is used as the basis for a style, such as securities with that characteristic are found to have performed well historically. “Value investing" in equities emerged as a distinctive style over the last century following the work of Graham and Dodd (1934) on hig... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2920738 |
Style investing “They show that style investing generates excess (too little) co-movement of assets within (across) styles than warranted by fundamentals, implying that reclassification of assets into a new style raises co-movement with respect to that style.” When a stock is added to the S&P 500 index, its co-movement... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2920738 |
Liquidity constraint In economics, a liquidity constraint is a form of imperfection in the capital market which imposes a limit on the amount an individual can borrow, or an alteration in the interest rate they pay. By raising the cost of borrowing or restricting the amount of borrowing, it prevents individuals from fu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2927660 |
Return on net assets The return on net assets (RONA) is a measure of financial performance of a company which takes the use of assets into account. Higher RONA means that the company is using its assets and working capital efficiently and effectively. RONA is used by investors to determine how well management is utiliz... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2928871 |
MONEE Project UNICEF launched the (MONitoring Eastern Europe, officially called “Public Policies and Social Conditions: Monitoring the Transition in Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States") in 1992 to secure evidence-based feedback on the social impact of market reforms, and to advise cou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2929043 |
MONEE Project The Reports were written by a core staff of 3-5 people at Innocenti, using input and data from a network of focal points in each central statistical office in the region and from other policy consultants; altogether about 40-50 people. The Project had many results and a variety of outputs (including a sta... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2929043 |
MONEE Project The MONEE project has demonstrated that by creating a regional monitoring, analytical and advocacy facility, UNICEF can repeatedly and substantially increase awareness on how economic and social policies impact children, women and families and influence how others, including national governments, civil so... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2929043 |
Electronic funds transfer (EFT) are electronic transfer of money from one bank account to another, either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions, via computer-based systems, without the direct intervention of bank staff. According to the United States Electronic Fund Transfer Act of 1978 ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2933543 |
Dual-sector model The dual-sector model is a model in development economics. It is commonly known as the Lewis model after its inventor W. Arthur Lewis. It explains the growth of a developing economy in terms of a labour transition between two sectors, the capitalist sector and the subsistence sector. Initially the dua... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model The "Dual Sector Model" is a theory of development in which surplus labor from traditional agricultural sector is transferred to the modern industrial sector whose growth over time absorbs the surplus labour, promotes industrialization and stimulates sustained development. In the model, the subsistenc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model Since Lewis in his model considers overpopulated labour surplus economies he assumes that the supply of unskilled labour to the capitalist sector is unlimited. This gives rise to the possibility of creating new industries and expanding existing ones at the existing wage rate. A large portion of the un... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model ) Therefore, due to the wage differential between the capitalist and subsistence sector, workers will tend to transition from the agricultural to the manufacturing sector over time to reap the reward of higher wages. However even though the marginal product of labor is zero, it still shares a part in ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model The end result of this transition process is that the agricultural wage equals the manufacturing wage, the agricultural marginal product of labour equals the manufacturing marginal product of labour, and no further manufacturing sector enlargement takes place as workers no longer have a monetary incen... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model To start such a movement, the capitalist sector will have to pay a compensatory payment determined by the wage rate that people can earn outside their present sector, plus a set of other amounts includes the cost of living in the new sector and changes in the level of profits in the existing sector. T... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model When the surplus is reinvested, the total product of labor will rise. The marginal product line shifts upwards to the right, that is to N1. Assuming wages are constant, the industrial sector now provides more employment. Hence employment rises by MM1. The amount of capitalist surplus goes up from WNP ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Dual-sector model The process of economic growth is inextricably linked to the growth of capitalist surplus, that is as long as the capitalist surplus increases, the national income also increases raising the growth of the economy. The increase in capitalist surplus is linked to the use of more and more labor which is ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937104 |
Price book In economics, a price book is a book in which the normal prices of an item are listed for all suppliers. This allows one to determine the lowest price possible. If a group of suppliers adhere to a particular price book, in other words, they set the prices of the price book artificially higher than the market... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2937815 |
Fast Second Fast Second: How Smart Companies Bypass Radical Innovation to Enter and Dominate New Markets is a book written by Paul Geroski and Constantinos Markides and published by Jossey-Bass in 2005. According to the authors, a "fast second company" lets other companies innovate and experiment to create new markets.... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2942385 |
Cost of equity In finance, the cost of equity is the return (often expressed as a rate of return) a firm theoretically pays to its equity investors, i.e., shareholders, to compensate for the risk they undertake by investing their capital. Firms need to acquire capital from others to operate and grow. Individuals and or... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2943432 |
Cost of equity Another method is derived from the Gordon Model, which is a discounted cash flow model based on dividend returns and eventual capital return from the sale of the investment. Another simple method is the Bond Yield Plus Risk Premium (BYPRP), where a subjective risk premium is added to the firm's long-term... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2943432 |
Cost of equity Managers make capital budgeting decisions while capital providers make decisions about lending and investment. Such decisions can be made after quantitative analysis that typically uses a firm's cost of capital as a model input. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2943432 |
Gary Hansen Gary Duane Hansen (born c. 1958) is a macroeconomist at UCLA. He is known for creating the theory of indivisible labor, as part of this doctoral thesis at the University of Minnesota. Hansen graduated from the University of Puget Sound in 1980, and with a doctorate from the University of Minnesota, under su... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2945226 |
Internal labor market Internal labor markets (ILM) are an administrative unit within a firm in which pricing and allocation of labor is governed by a set of administrative rules and procedures. The remainder of jobs within the ILM is filled by the promotion or transfer of workers who have already gained entry. Internal... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2950021 |
Internal labor market Employers benefit from this more stable relationship because they reduce the cost of training. Analysis of Internal Labor Markets concerns the causes of an organization’s (or geography’s) workforce dynamics – attraction, development, and retention as well as the rewards that motivate them. Statist... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2950021 |
Internal labor market Third, within any one job cluster, there exists a hierarchy of skills and capacities such that the demands for application of skills on certain jobs facilitate the development of further skills required for other jobs. In this hierarchy those with lower-level jobs requiring skills are usually avai... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2950021 |
Takis Fotopoulos ( born October 14, 1940) is a political philosopher and economist who founded the Inclusive Democracy movement, aiming at a synthesis of classical democracy with libertarian socialism and the radical currents in the new social movements. He was an academic, and has written many books and over 900 artic... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2951290 |
Takis Fotopoulos During this period, he was a member of the Greek group called Revolutionary Socialist Groups in London, which published the newspaper "Μαμή" ("Midwife", from the Marxian dictum, "violence is the midwife of revolution") for which he wrote several articles. Fotopoulos married Sia Mamareli (a former lawye... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2951290 |
Takis Fotopoulos Since then, a dialogue has followed in the pages of the journal, in which supporters of the autonomy project like Cornelius Castoriadis, social ecology supporters including its founder Murray Bookchin, and Green activists and academics like Steven Best have taken part. The starting point for Fotopoulos... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2951290 |
Takis Fotopoulos Fotopoulos' work has been critically assessed by important activists, theorists and scholars. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2951290 |
Classical dichotomy In macroeconomics, the classical dichotomy is the idea, attributed to classical and pre-Keynesian economics, that real and nominal variables can be analyzed separately. To be precise, an economy exhibits the classical dichotomy if real variables such as output and real interest rates can be complete... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2952353 |
Classical dichotomy This view has serious economic policy consequences. In the long-run, owing to the dichotomy, money is not assumed to be an effective instrument in controlling macroeconomic performance, while in the short-run there is a trade-off between prices and output (or unemployment), but, owing to rational ex... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2952353 |
Post-earnings-announcement drift In financial economics and accounting research, post–earnings-announcement drift, or PEAD (also named the SUE effect) is the tendency for a stock’s cumulative abnormal returns to drift in the direction of an earnings surprise for several weeks (even several months) following an earnings... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2956219 |
Post-earnings-announcement drift Bernard & Thomas (1989) and Bernard & Thomas (1990) provided a comprehensive summary of PEAD research. According to Bernard & Thomas (1990), PEAD patterns can be viewed as including two components. The first component is a positive autocorrelation between seasonal difference (i.e., seas... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2956219 |
Wirtschaftsgeschichte Max Weber's ("General Economic History" in English) (1923 translation 1927) is a book of economic theory which was composed by his students from lecture notes and released three years after his death in 1920. In his "General Economic History", Weber creates an institutional theory of the rise of c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2959103 |
Perpetual succession In company law, perpetual succession is the continuation of a corporation's or other organization's existence despite the death, bankruptcy, insanity, change in membership or an exit from the business of any owner or member, or any transfer of stock,etc. Perpetual succession, along with the common ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2959494 |
Martin Khor Kok Peng (November 9, 1951 – 1 April 2020) was the Executive Director of the South Centre (an intergovernmental organisation of developing countries based in Geneva, Switzerland) from 1 March 2009 to 2018. He replaced Dr. Yash Tandon who was the Executive Director of the South Centre from 2005 to 2009. Khor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2960328 |
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