title string | abstract string | url string | arxiv_id string | date string | category string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2BP: 2-Stage Backpropagation | As Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) grow in size and complexity, they often exceed the memory capacity of a single accelerator, necessitating the sharding of model parameters across multiple accelerators. Pipeline parallelism is a commonly used sharding strategy for training large DNNs. However, current implementations of p... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.18047v1 | 2405.18047 | 2024-05-28 | computer-graphics |
2-branes with Arnold-Beltrami Fluxes from Minimal D=7 Supergravity | We describe this paper as a Sentimental Journey from Hydrodynamics to
Supergravity. Beltrami equation in three dimensions that plays a key role in
the hydrodynamics of incompressible fluids has an unsuspected relation with
minimal supergravity in seven dimensions. We show that just D=7 supergravity
and no other theory ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.06802v1 | 1504.06802 | 2015-04-26 | computer-graphics |
2by2: Weakly-Supervised Learning for Global Action Segmentation | This paper presents a simple yet effective approach for the poorly investigated task of global action segmentation, aiming at grouping frames capturing the same action across videos of different activities. Unlike the case of videos depicting all the same activity, the temporal order of actions is not roughly shared am... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.12829v1 | 2412.12829 | 2024-12-17 | computer-graphics |
2-Calabi-Yau categories with a directed cluster-tilting subcategory | As a generalization of acyclic 2-Calabi-Yau categories, we consider
2-Calabi-Yau categories with a directed cluster-tilting subcategory; we study
their cluster-tilting subcategories and the cluster combinatorics that they
encode. We show that such categories have a cluster structure.
Triangulated 2-Calabi-Yau categor... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.03836v1 | 1611.03836 | 2016-11-11 | computer-graphics |
2-Cartesian fibrations I: A model for $\infty$-bicategories fibred in $\infty$-bicategories | In this paper, we provide a notion of $\infty$-bicategories fibred in $\infty$-bicategories which we call 2-Cartesian fibrations. Our definition is formulated using the language of marked biscaled simplicial sets: Those are scaled simplicial sets equipped with an additional collection of triangles containing the scaled... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03606v1 | 2106.03606 | 2021-06-07 | computer-graphics |
2-Cartesian fibrations II: A Grothendieck construction for $\infty$-bicategories | In this work, we conclude our study of fibred $\infty$-bicategories by providing a Grothendieck construction in this setting. Given a scaled simplicial set $S$ (which need not be fibrant) we construct a 2-categorical version of Lurie's straightening-unstraightening adjunction, thereby furnishing an equivalence between ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.09589v3 | 2201.09589 | 2022-01-24 | computer-graphics |
2-categorical affine symmetries of quantum enveloping algebras | We produce 2-representations of the positive part of affine quantum enveloping algebras on their finite-dimensional counterparts in type $A_n$. These 2-representations naturally extend the right-multiplication 2-representation of $U_q^+(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})$ on itself and are closely related to evaluation morphisms of ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.08039v2 | 2502.08039 | 2025-02-12 | computer-graphics |
2-categorical approach to unifying constructions of precoverings and its applications | Throughout this paper $G$ is a fixed group, and $k$ is a fixed field. All categories are assumed to be $k$-linear. First we give a systematic way to induce $G$-precoverings by adjoint functors using a 2-categorical machinery, which unifies many similar constructions of $G$-precoverings. Now let $\mathcal{C}$ be a skele... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.04680v1 | 2402.04680 | 2024-02-07 | computer-graphics |
2-categorical opfibrations, Quillen's Theorem B, and $S^{-1}S$ | In this paper we show that the strict and lax pullbacks of a 2-categorical opfibration along an arbitrary 2-functor are homotopy equivalent. We give two applications. First, we show that the strict fibers of an opfibration model the homotopy fibers. This is a version of Quillen's Theorem B amenable to applications. Sec... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11173v2 | 2010.11173 | 2020-10-21 | computer-graphics |
2-categories and cyclic homology | The topic of this thesis is the application of distributive laws between
comonads to the theory of cyclic homology. Explicitly, our main aims are: 1) To
study how the cyclic homology of associative algebras and of Hopf algebras in
the original sense of Connes and Moscovici arises from a distributive law, and
to clarify... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.08992v1 | 1605.08992 | 2016-05-29 | computer-graphics |
$2$-Categories from a Gray Perspective | In this paper we present $2$-category theory from the perspective of Gray-categories using the graphical calculus of separated surface diagrams. As an extended example we consider cones and limits of $2$-functors. Then we use the canonical adjunction between $2$-computads and $2$-categories to interpret the comparison ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.08783v1 | 2203.08783 | 2022-03-16 | computer-graphics |
2-categories of symmetric bimodules and their 2-representations | In this article we analyze the structure of $2$-categories of symmetric
projective bimodules over a finite dimensional algebra with respect to the
action of a finite abelian group. We determine under which condition the
resulting $2$-category is fiat (in the sense of \cite{MM1}) and classify simple
transitive $2$-repre... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.05798v1 | 1904.05798 | 2019-04-11 | computer-graphics |
2 Category of FRBSU Monoidal Categories and Crossed Modules | In that paper, we prove that the collection of all FRBSU monoidal categories
and the collection of all crossed modules form a 2 category. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.06981v1 | 1512.06981 | 2015-12-22 | computer-graphics |
2-Category of Topological Quantum Computation | Unitary Ribbon Fusion Categories (URFC) formalize anyonic theories. It has been widely assumed that the same category formalizes a topological quantum computing model. However, in previous work, we addressed and resolved this confusion and demonstrated while the former could be any fusion category, the latter is always... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22171v1 | 2505.22171 | 2025-05-28 | computer-graphics |
2-Cats: 2D Copula Approximating Transforms | Copulas are powerful statistical tools for capturing dependencies across data dimensions. Applying Copulas involves estimating independent marginals, a straightforward task, followed by the much more challenging task of determining a single copulating function, $C$, that links these marginals. For bivariate data, a cop... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.16391v5 | 2309.16391 | 2023-09-28 | computer-graphics |
$2\cdot 10^{-13}$ fractional laser frequency stability with a 7-cm unequal-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer | To achieve sub-picometer sensitivities in the millihertz band, laser interferometric inertial sensors rely on some form of reduction of the laser frequency noise, typically by locking the laser to a stable frequency reference, such as the narrow-linewidth resonance of an ultra-stable optical cavity or an atomic or mole... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.11325v2 | 2308.11325 | 2023-08-22 | computer-graphics |
2CET-GAN: Pixel-Level GAN Model for Human Facial Expression Transfer | Recent studies have used GAN to transfer expressions between human faces. However, existing models have many flaws: relying on emotion labels, lacking continuous expressions, and failing to capture the expression details. To address these limitations, we propose a novel CycleGAN- and InfoGAN-based network called 2 Cycl... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.11570v1 | 2211.11570 | 2022-11-18 | computer-graphics |
2-chains: an interesting family of posets | We introduce a new family of finite posets which we call 2-chains. These
first arose in the study of 0-Hecke algebras, but they admit a variety of
different characterisations. We give these characterisations, prove that they
are equivalent and derive some numerical results concerning 2-chains. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.07574v2 | 1809.07574 | 2020-01-29 | computer-graphics |
2-charge circular fuzz-balls and their perturbations | We perform a detailed study of perturbations around 2-charge circular fuzz-balls and compare the results with the ones obtained in the case of 'small' BHs. In addition to the photon-sphere modes that govern the prompt ring-down, we find a new branch of long-lived QNMs localised inside the photon-sphere at the (meta)sta... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.07504v1 | 2212.07504 | 2022-12-14 | computer-graphics |
$2$-class groups of cyclotomic towers of imaginary biquadratic fields and applications | Let $d$ be a positive square-free integer. In this paper we shall investigate
the structure of the $2$-class group of the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_2$-extension
of the imaginary biquadratic number field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d},\sqrt{-1})$.
Furthermore, we deduce the structure of the $2$-class group of cyclotomic
$\mathbb{Z}_... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.03602v3 | 2002.03602 | 2020-06-15 | computer-graphics |
2-classifiers via dense generators and Hofmann-Streicher universe in stacks | We expand the theory of 2-classifiers, that are a 2-categorical generalization of subobject classifiers introduced by Weber. The idea is to upgrade monomorphisms to discrete opfibrations. We prove that the conditions of 2-classifier can be checked just on a dense generator. The study of what is classified by a 2-classi... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.16900v3 | 2401.16900 | 2024-01-30 | computer-graphics |
2-CLUB is NP-hard for distance to 2-club cluster graphs | We show that 2-CLUB is NP-hard for distance to 2-club cluster graphs. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.05425v1 | 1903.05425 | 2019-03-13 | computer-graphics |
2-Cluster Fixed-Point Analysis of Mean-Coupled Stuart-Landau Oscillators in the Center Manifold | We reduce the dynamics of an ensemble of mean-coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators close to the synchronized solution. In particular, we map the system onto the center manifold of the Benjamin-Feir instability, the bifurcation destabilizing the synchronized oscillation. Using symmetry arguments, we describe the structure ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.06221v2 | 2010.06221 | 2020-10-13 | computer-graphics |
2CoBel : An Efficient Belief Function Extension for Two-dimensional Continuous Spaces | This paper introduces an innovative approach for handling 2D compound
hypotheses within the Belief Function Theory framework. We propose a
polygon-based generic rep- resentation which relies on polygon clipping
operators. This approach allows us to account in the computational cost for the
precision of the representati... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1803.08857v1 | 1803.08857 | 2018-03-23 | computer-graphics |
2-coherent and 2-convex Conditional Lower Previsions | In this paper we explore relaxations of (Williams) coherent and convex
conditional previsions that form the families of $n$-coherent and $n$-convex
conditional previsions, at the varying of $n$. We investigate which such
previsions are the most general one may reasonably consider, suggesting
(centered) $2$-convex or, i... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.06043v1 | 1606.06043 | 2016-06-20 | computer-graphics |
2-Coherent Internal Models of Homotopical Type Theory | The program of internal type theory seeks to develop the categorical model theory of dependent type theory using the language of dependent type theory itself. In the present work we study internal homotopical type theory by relaxing the notion of a category with families (cwf) to that of a wild, or precoherent higher c... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.05790v1 | 2503.05790 | 2025-02-28 | computer-graphics |
2-Co-lacunary sequences in noncommutative symmetric Banach spaces | We characterize noncommutative symmetric Banach spaces for which every
bounded sequence admits either a convergent subsequence, or a $2$-co-lacunary
subsequence. This extends the classical characterization, due to R\"abiger. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.04258v1 | 1909.04258 | 2019-09-10 | computer-graphics |
2-Colorable Perfect Matching is NP-complete in 2-Connected 3-Regular Planar Graphs | The 2-colorable perfect matching problem asks whether a graph can be colored with two colors so that each node has exactly one neighbor with the same color as itself. We prove that this problem is NP-complete, even when restricted to 2-connected 3-regular planar graphs. In 1978, Schaefer proved that this problem is NP-... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.09786v1 | 2309.09786 | 2023-09-18 | computer-graphics |
2-colored Rogers-Ramanujan partition identities | In this paper, we combined two types of partitions and introduced 2-colored Rogers-Ramanujan partitions. By finding some functional equations and using a constructive method, some identities have been found. Some Overpartition identities coincide with our findings. A correspondence between colored partitions and overpa... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.15378v1 | 2203.15378 | 2022-03-29 | computer-graphics |
2-complexes with large 2-girth | The 2-girth of a 2-dimensional simplicial complex $X$ is the minimum size of
a non-zero 2-cycle in $H_2(X, \mathbb{Z}/2)$. We consider the maximum possible
girth of a complex with $n$ vertices and $m$ 2-faces. If $m = n^{2 + \alpha}$
for $\alpha < 1/2$, then we show that the 2-girth is at most $4 n^{2 - 2
\alpha}$ and ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.03871v2 | 1509.03871 | 2017-07-10 | computer-graphics |
$2$-complexes with unique embeddings in 3-space | A well-known theorem of Whitney states that a 3-connected planar graph admits an essentially unique embedding into the 2-sphere. We prove a 3-dimensional analogue: a simply-connected $2$-complex every link graph of which is 3-connected admits an essentially unique locally flat embedding into the 3-sphere, if it admits ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.04085v1 | 2109.04085 | 2021-09-09 | computer-graphics |
2-complex symmetric composition operators on $H^2$ | In this paper, we study 2-complex symmetric composition operators with the conjugation $J$ on the Hardy space $H^2$. More precisely, we obtain the necessary and sufficient condition for the composition operator $C_\phi$ to be 2-complex symmetric when the symbols $\phi$ is an automorphism of $\mathbb D$. We also charact... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.11184v1 | 2110.11184 | 2021-10-21 | computer-graphics |
2-connected claw-free chordal graphs are cycle extendable | A cycle $C$ of length $k$ in graph $G$ is extendable if there is another
cycle $C'$ in $G$ with $V(C) \subset V(C')$ and length $k+1$. A graph is cycle
extendable if every non-Hamiltonian cycle is extendable. In 1990 Hendry
conjectured that any Hamiltonian chordal graph (a Hamiltonian graph with no
induced cycle of len... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.2901v4 | 1310.2901 | 2016-02-28 | computer-graphics |
2-Coupon Coloring of Cubic Graphs Containing 3-Cycle or 4-Cycle | Let $G$ be a graph. A total dominating set in a graph $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices of $G$ such that every vertex in $G$ is adjacent to a vertex in $S$. Recently, the following question was proposed: "Is it true that every connected cubic graph containing a $3$-cycle has two vertex disjoint total dominating sets?" In th... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.15114v1 | 2308.15114 | 2023-08-29 | computer-graphics |
2-covers of wide Young diagrams | A Young diagram $Y$ is called wide if every sub-diagram $Z$ formed by a subset of the rows of $Y$ dominates $Z'$, the conjugate of $Z$. A Young diagram $Y$ is called Latin if its squares can be assigned numbers so that for each $i$, the $i$th row is filled injectively with the numbers $1, \ldots ,a_i$, where $a_i$ is t... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.17670v2 | 2311.17670 | 2023-11-29 | computer-graphics |
2CP: Decentralized Protocols to Transparently Evaluate Contributivity in Blockchain Federated Learning Environments | Federated Learning harnesses data from multiple sources to build a single model. While the initial model might belong solely to the actor bringing it to the network for training, determining the ownership of the trained model resulting from Federated Learning remains an open question. In this paper we explore how Block... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.07516v1 | 2011.07516 | 2020-11-15 | computer-graphics |
2-Cycles on Higher Fano Hypersurfaces | Let F(X_d) be a smooth Fano variety of lines of a hypersurface X_d of degree
d. In this paper, we prove the Griffiths group Griff_1(F(X_d)) is trivial if
the hypersurface X_d is of 2-Fano type. As a result, we give a positive answer
to a question of Professor Voisin about the first Griffiths groups of Fano
varieties in... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.01721v3 | 1512.01721 | 2016-10-12 | computer-graphics |
2d (0,2) Gauge Theories from Branes: Recent Progress in Brane Brick Models | We discuss the realization of $2d$ $(0,2)$ gauge theories in terms of branes focusing on Brane Brick Models, which are T-dual to D1-branes probing toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. These brane setups fully encode the infinite class of $2d$ $(0,2)$ quiver gauge theories on the worldvolume of the D1-branes and substantially stre... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.06993v1 | 2402.06993 | 2024-02-10 | computer-graphics |
2d (0,2) Quiver Gauge Theories and D-Branes | We initiate a systematic study of 2d (0,2) quiver gauge theories on the
worldvolume of D1-branes probing singular toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. We present
an algorithm for efficiently calculating the classical mesonic moduli spaces of
these theories, which correspond to the probed geometries. We also introduce a
systematic... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.03818v2 | 1506.03818 | 2015-06-30 | computer-graphics |
2D, 2.5D, or 3D? An Exploratory Study on Multilayer Network Visualisations in Virtual Reality | Relational information between different types of entities is often modelled by a multilayer network (MLN) -- a network with subnetworks represented by layers. The layers of an MLN can be arranged in different ways in a visual representation, however, the impact of the arrangement on the readability of the network is a... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10674v2 | 2307.10674 | 2023-07-20 | computer-graphics |
2D2C, 2D3C, 2C2Dcw1C3D, 3D3C, rotating turbulence, thin-layer flows, quasi-static magnetohydrodynamics (QSMHD), and beyond | More serious works on 2D2C, 2D3C, 2C2Dcw1C3D, 3D3C, rotating turbulence,
thin-layer flows, quasi-static magnetohydrodynamics (QSMHD), and all that are
wanted, but we report timely here some studies on locally and globally
2C2Dcw1C3D flows, with the hope to promote smarter and deeper works. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1503v5 | 1408.1503 | 2018-03-30 | computer-graphics |
2D-2FA: A New Dimension in Two-Factor Authentication | We propose a two-factor authentication (2FA) mechanism called 2D-2FA to address security and usability issues in existing methods. 2D-2FA has three distinguishing features: First, after a user enters a username and password on a login terminal, a unique $\textit{identifier}$ is displayed to her. She $\textit{inputs}$ t... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.15872v1 | 2110.15872 | 2021-10-29 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Attention and Entropy for Pose Robust 2D Facial Recognition | Despite recent advances in facial recognition, there remains a fundamental issue concerning degradations in performance due to substantial perspective (pose) differences between enrollment and query (probe) imagery. Therefore, we propose a novel domain adaptive framework to facilitate improved performances across large... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09073v1 | 2505.09073 | 2025-05-14 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D crossover in a dense electron liquid in silicon | Doping of silicon via phosphene exposures alternating with molecular beam
epitaxy overgrowth is a path to Si:P substrates for conventional
microelectronics and quantum information technologies. The technique also
provides a new and well-controlled material for systematic studies of
two-dimensional lattices with a half-... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1802.05208v2 | 1802.05208 | 2018-02-15 | computer-graphics |
2D/3D Deep Image Registration by Learning 3D Displacement Fields for Abdominal Organs | Deformable registration of two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) images of abdominal organs is a complicated task because the abdominal organs deform significantly and their contours are not detected in two-dimensional X-ray images. We propose a supervised deep learning framework that achieves 2D/3D deformable imag... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.05445v1 | 2212.05445 | 2022-12-11 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Deformable Image Registration of Histology Slide and Micro-CT with ML-based Initialization | Recent developments in the registration of histology and micro-computed tomography ({\mu}CT) have broadened the perspective of pathological applications such as virtual histology based on {\mu}CT. This topic remains challenging because of the low image quality of soft tissue CT. Additionally, soft tissue samples usuall... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14343v1 | 2410.14343 | 2024-10-18 | computer-graphics |
2D+3D Facial Expression Recognition via Discriminative Dynamic Range Enhancement and Multi-Scale Learning | In 2D+3D facial expression recognition (FER), existing methods generate multi-view geometry maps to enhance the depth feature representation. However, this may introduce false estimations due to local plane fitting from incomplete point clouds. In this paper, we propose a novel Map Generation technique from the viewpoi... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.08333v1 | 2011.08333 | 2020-11-16 | computer-graphics |
2D+3D facial expression recognition via embedded tensor manifold regularization | In this paper, a novel approach via embedded tensor manifold regularization for 2D+3D facial expression recognition (FERETMR) is proposed. Firstly, 3D tensors are constructed from 2D face images and 3D face shape models to keep the structural information and correlations. To maintain the local structure (geometric info... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.12506v1 | 2201.12506 | 2022-01-29 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Cardiac MR Segmentation | In this paper, we develop a 2D and 3D segmentation pipelines for fully
automated cardiac MR image segmentation using Deep Convolutional Neural
Networks (CNN). Our models are trained end-to-end from scratch using the ACD
Challenge 2017 dataset comprising of 100 studies, each containing Cardiac MR
images in End Diastole ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1707.09813v1 | 1707.09813 | 2017-07-31 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Geometric Fusion Network using Multi-Neighbourhood Graph Convolution for RGB-D Indoor Scene Classification | Multi-modal fusion has been proved to help enhance the performance of scene classification tasks. This paper presents a 2D-3D Fusion stage that combines 3D Geometric Features with 2D Texture Features obtained by 2D Convolutional Neural Networks. To get a robust 3D Geometric embedding, a network that uses two novel laye... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.11154v3 | 2009.11154 | 2020-09-23 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Interlaced Transformer for Point Cloud Segmentation with Scene-Level Supervision | We present a Multimodal Interlaced Transformer (MIT) that jointly considers 2D and 3D data for weakly supervised point cloud segmentation. Research studies have shown that 2D and 3D features are complementary for point cloud segmentation. However, existing methods require extra 2D annotations to achieve 2D-3D informati... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.12817v2 | 2310.12817 | 2023-10-19 | computer-graphics |
2D3D-MatchNet: Learning to Match Keypoints Across 2D Image and 3D Point Cloud | Large-scale point cloud generated from 3D sensors is more accurate than its
image-based counterpart. However, it is seldom used in visual pose estimation
due to the difficulty in obtaining 2D-3D image to point cloud correspondences.
In this paper, we propose the 2D3D-MatchNet - an end-to-end deep network
architecture t... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09742v1 | 1904.09742 | 2019-04-22 | computer-graphics |
2D3D-MATR: 2D-3D Matching Transformer for Detection-free Registration between Images and Point Clouds | The commonly adopted detect-then-match approach to registration finds difficulties in the cross-modality cases due to the incompatible keypoint detection and inconsistent feature description. We propose, 2D3D-MATR, a detection-free method for accurate and robust registration between images and point clouds. Our method ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.05667v2 | 2308.05667 | 2023-08-10 | computer-graphics |
2D/3D Megavoltage Image Registration Using Convolutional Neural Networks | We presented a 2D/3D MV image registration method based on a Convolutional
Neural Network. Most of the traditional image registration method
intensity-based, which use optimization algorithms to maximize the similarity
between to images. Although these methods can achieve good results for
kilovoltage images, the same d... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1811.11816v1 | 1811.11816 | 2018-11-28 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Pose Consistency-based Conditional Random Fields for 3D Human Pose Estimation | This study considers the 3D human pose estimation problem in a single RGB
image by proposing a conditional random field (CRF) model over 2D poses, in
which the 3D pose is obtained as a byproduct of the inference process. The
unary term of the proposed CRF model is defined based on a powerful heat-map
regression network... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.03986v2 | 1704.03986 | 2017-04-13 | computer-graphics |
2D/3D Pose Estimation and Action Recognition using Multitask Deep Learning | Action recognition and human pose estimation are closely related but both
problems are generally handled as distinct tasks in the literature. In this
work, we propose a multitask framework for jointly 2D and 3D pose estimation
from still images and human action recognition from video sequences. We show
that a single ar... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1802.09232v2 | 1802.09232 | 2018-02-26 | computer-graphics |
2D-3D Pose Tracking with Multi-View Constraints | Camera localization in 3D LiDAR maps has gained increasing attention due to its promising ability to handle complex scenarios, surpassing the limitations of visual-only localization methods. However, existing methods mostly focus on addressing the cross-modal gaps, estimating camera poses frame by frame without conside... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.11335v1 | 2309.11335 | 2023-09-20 | computer-graphics |
2D Active Brownian run-and-tumble particles moment analysis | We study an active Brownian run-and-tumble particle (ABRTP) model, that consists of an active Brownian run state during which the active velocity of the particle diffuses on the unit circle, and a tumble state during which the active velocity is zero, both with exponentially distributed time. Additionally we add a harm... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.20352v1 | 2504.20352 | 2025-04-29 | computer-graphics |
2D additive small-world network with distance-dependent interactions | In this work, we have employed Monte Carlo calculations to study the Ising model on a 2D additive small-world network with long-range interactions depending on the geometric distance between interacting sites. The network is initially defined by a regular square lattice and with probability $p$ each site is tested for ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.02033v1 | 2409.02033 | 2024-09-03 | computer-graphics |
2D Ambipolar Vertical Transistors as Control-free Reconfigurable Logic Devices | As transistor footprint scales down to sub-10 nm regime, the process development for advancing to further technology nodes has encountered slowdowns. Achieving greater functionality within a single chip requires concurrent development at the device, circuit, and system levels. Reconfigurable transistors possess the cap... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.08746v1 | 2309.08746 | 2023-09-15 | computer-graphics |
2D Amodal Instance Segmentation Guided by 3D Shape Prior | Amodal instance segmentation aims to predict the complete mask of the occluded instance, including both visible and invisible regions. Existing 2D AIS methods learn and predict the complete silhouettes of target instances in 2D space. However, masks in 2D space are only some observations and samples from the 3D model i... | https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-19818-2_10 | null | 2022-06-01 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D CNN-Based Fusion Approach for COVID-19 Severity Prediction from 3D CT-Scans | Since the appearance of Covid-19 in late 2019, Covid-19 has become an active research topic for the artificial intelligence (AI) community. One of the most interesting AI topics is Covid-19 analysis of medical imaging. CT-scan imaging is the most informative tool about this disease. This work is part of the 3nd COV19D ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.08740v1 | 2303.08740 | 2023-03-15 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D Computer Graphics Algorithms under MorphoSys | This paper presents new mappings of 2D and 3D geometrical transformation on
the MorphoSys (M1) reconfigurable computing (RC) prototype [2]. This improves
the system performance as a graphics accelerator [1-5]. Three algorithms are
mapped including two for calculating 2D transformations, and one for 3D
transformations. ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.12609v1 | 1904.12609 | 2019-04-11 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D convective Brinkman-Forchheimer equations perturbed by a subdifferential and applications to control problems | The following convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (CBF) equations (or damped Navier-Stokes equations) with potential \begin{equation*} \frac{\partial \boldsymbol{y}}{\partial t}-\mu \Delta\boldsymbol{y}+(\boldsymbol{y}\cdot\nabla)\boldsymbol{y}+\alpha\boldsymbol{y}+\beta|\boldsymbol{y}|^{r-1}\boldsymbol{y}+\nabla p+\Psi(\b... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.01527v2 | 2301.01527 | 2023-01-04 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D CT Radiomic Features Performance Comparison in Characterization of Gastric Cancer: A Multi-center Study | Objective: Radiomics, an emerging tool for medical image analysis, is potential towards precisely characterizing gastric cancer (GC). Whether using one-slice 2D annotation or whole-volume 3D annotation remains a long-time debate, especially for heterogeneous GC. We comprehensively compared 2D and 3D radiomic features' ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.16640v1 | 2210.16640 | 2022-10-29 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D Deep Learning Models for MRI-based Parkinson's Disease Classification: A Comparative Analysis of Convolutional Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Graph Convolutional Networks | Parkinson's Disease (PD) diagnosis remains challenging. This study applies Convolutional Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (ConvKANs), integrating learnable spline-based activation functions into convolutional layers, for PD classification using structural MRI. The first 3D implementation of ConvKANs for medical imaging is pr... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17380v2 | 2407.17380 | 2024-07-24 | computer-graphics |
2-D and 3-D Models of Convective Turbulence and Oscillations in Intermediate-Mass Main-Sequence Stars | We present multidimensional modeling of convection and oscillations in
main-sequence stars somewhat more massive than the Sun, using three separate
approaches: 1) Using the 3-D planar StellarBox radiation hydrodynamics code to
model the envelope convection zone and part of the radiative zone. Our goals
are to examine t... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.04455v1 | 1605.04455 | 2016-05-14 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D Segmentation of uncertain local collagen fiber orientations in SHG microscopy | Collagen fiber orientations in bones, visible with Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy, represent the inner structure and its alteration due to influences like cancer. While analyses of these orientations are valuable for medical research, it is not feasible to analyze the needed large amounts of local orientat... | https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12868v1 | 1907.12868 | 2019-07-30 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D topological phases in BiTe$X$ compounds | Recently, it was shown that quantum spin Hall insulator (QSHI) phase with a
gap wide enough for practical applications can be realized in the ultra thin
films constructed from two inversely stacked structural elements of trivial
band insulator BiTeI. Here, we study the edge states in the free-standing
Bi$_2$Te$_2$I$_2$... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1706.08127v1 | 1706.08127 | 2017-06-25 | computer-graphics |
2D and 3D Vascular Structures Enhancement via Multiscale Fractional Anisotropy Tensor | The detection of vascular structures from noisy images is a fundamental
process for extracting meaningful information in many applications. Most
well-known vascular enhancing techniques often rely on Hessian-based filters.
This paper investigates the feasibility and deficiencies of detecting
curve-like structures using... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1902.00550v1 | 1902.00550 | 2019-02-01 | computer-graphics |
2D Anderson Localization and KPZ sub-Universality Classes : sensitivity to boundary conditions and insensitivity to symmetry classes | We challenge two foundational principles of localization physics by analyzing conductance fluctuations in two dimensions with unprecedented precision: (i) the Thouless criterion, which defines localization as insensitivity to boundary conditions, and (ii) that symmetry determines the universality class of Anderson loca... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.17010v1 | 2504.17010 | 2025-04-23 | computer-graphics |
2D antiscatter grid and scatter sampling based CBCT pipeline for image guided radiation therapy | Poor tissue visualization and quantitative accuracy in CBCT is a major barrier in expanding the role of CBCT imaging from target localization to quantitative treatment monitoring and plan adaptations in radiation therapy sessions. To further improve image quality in CBCT, 2D antiscatter grid based scatter rejection was... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.09095v1 | 2308.09095 | 2023-08-17 | computer-graphics |
2D-AoI: Age-of-Information of Distributed Sensors for Spatio-Temporal Processes | The freshness of sensor data is critical for all types of cyber-physical systems. An established measure for quantifying data freshness is the Age-of-Information (AoI), which has been the subject of extensive research. Recently, there has been increased interest in multi-sensor systems: redundant sensors producing samp... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.12789v1 | 2412.12789 | 2024-12-17 | computer-graphics |
2D Attentional Irregular Scene Text Recognizer | Irregular scene text, which has complex layout in 2D space, is challenging to most previous scene text recognizers. Recently, some irregular scene text recognizers either rectify the irregular text to regular text image with approximate 1D layout or transform the 2D image feature map to 1D feature sequence. Though thes... | https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.05708v1 | 1906.05708 | 2019-06-13 | computer-graphics |
2D attractive almost-bosonic anyon gases | In two-dimensional space, we consider a system of $N$ anyons interacts via a short range attractive two-body interaction. In the stable regime, we derive the average-field Pauli functional as the mean-field limit of many-body quantum mechanics. Furthermore, we investigate the collapse phenomenon in the collapse regime ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.00409v1 | 2409.00409 | 2024-08-31 | computer-graphics |
2D Azimuthal Space for Au + Au Mid-Central Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 200 GeV | In this paper we will show that one can summarize the major two particle
reaction plane azimuthal correlations for Au + Au mid-central collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 200 GeV by defining a 2D azimuthal space which is a summary
of the event by event average. | http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.07597v1 | 1910.07597 | 2019-10-16 | computer-graphics |
2D BAO vs 3D BAO: Hints for new physics? | In the era of tensions, when precision cosmology is blooming, numerous new theoretical models are emerging. However, it's crucial to pause and question the extent to which the observational data we rely on are model-dependent. In this work, we study the comoving position of the acoustic peak, a cornerstone standard rul... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.05453v1 | 2406.05453 | 2024-06-08 | computer-graphics |
2D BAO vs 3D BAO: solving the Hubble tension with an alternative cosmological model | Ordinary 3D Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data are model-dependent, requiring the assumption of a cosmological model to calculate comoving distances during data reduction. Throughout the present-day literature, the assumed model is $\Lambda$CDM. However, it has been pointed out in several recent works that this as... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.04322v3 | 2407.04322 | 2024-07-05 | computer-graphics |
2D Basement Relief Inversion using Sparse Regularization | Basement relief gravimetry is crucial in geophysics, especially for oil exploration and mineral prospecting. It involves solving an inverse problem to infer geological model parameters from observed data. The model represents basement relief with constant-density prisms, and the data reflect gravitational anomalies fro... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14942v1 | 2410.14942 | 2024-10-19 | computer-graphics |
2D Bayesian automated tilted-ring fitting of disk galaxies in large HI galaxy surveys: 2DBAT | We present a novel algorithm based on a Bayesian method for 2D tilted-ring analysis of disk galaxy velocity fields. Compared to the conventional algorithms based on a chi-squared minimisation procedure, this new Bayesian-based algorithm suffers less from local minima of the model parameters even with highly multi-modal... | https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.02049v1 | 1709.02049 | 2017-09-07 | computer-graphics |
2D Beam Domain Statistical CSI Estimation for Massive MIMO Uplink | In this paper, we investigate the beam domain statistical channel state information (CSI) estimation for the two dimensional (2D) beam based statistical channel model (BSCM) in massive MIMO systems.The problem is to estimate the beam domain channel power matrices (BDCPMs) based on multiple receive pilot signals. A rece... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.04695v1 | 2207.04695 | 2022-07-11 | computer-graphics |
2D beam shaping via 1D spatial light modulation | Many emerging reconfigurable optical systems are limited by routing complexity when producing dynamic, two-dimensional (2D) electric fields. Using a gradient-based inverse designed, static phase-mask doublet, we propose an optical system to produce 2D intensity wavefronts using a one-dimensional (1D) intensity Spatial ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.04085v1 | 2101.04085 | 2021-01-11 | computer-graphics |
2D BEM modeling of a singular thermal diffusion free boundary problem with phase change | We report a 2D Boundary Element Method (BEM) modeling of the thermal
diffusion-controlled growth of a vapor bubble attached to a heating surface
during saturated pool boiling. The transient heat conduction problem is solved
in a liquid that surrounds a bubble with a free boundary and in a semi-infinite
solid heater. Th... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.07196v1 | 1601.07196 | 2016-01-25 | computer-graphics |
2D bidirectional gated recurrent unit convolutional Neural networks for end-to-end violence detection In videos | Abnormal behavior detection, action recognition, fight and violence detection in videos is an area that has attracted a lot of interest in recent years. In this work, we propose an architecture that combines a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) and a 2D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to detect violence in v... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.07588v1 | 2409.07588 | 2024-09-11 | computer-graphics |
2D Black Holes, Bianchi I Cosmologies, and $α'$ | We report two surprising results on $\alpha'$ corrections in string theory restricted to massless fields. First, for critical dimension Bianchi type I cosmologies with $q$ scale factors only $q-1$ of them have non-trivial $\alpha'$ corrections. In particular, for FRW backgrounds all $\alpha'$ corrections are trivial. S... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.06763v2 | 2304.06763 | 2023-04-13 | computer-graphics |
2D Black Phosphorus Carbide: Rippling and Formation of Nanotubes | The allotropes of a new layered material, phosphorus carbide (PC), have been
predicted recently and a few of these predicted structures have already been
successfully fabricated. Herein, by using first-principles calculations we
investigated the effects of rippling a PC monolayer, one of the most stable
modifications o... | http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.08093v1 | 2002.08093 | 2020-02-19 | computer-graphics |
2D-Block Geminals: a non 1-orthogonal and non 0-seniority model with reduced computational complexity | We present a new geminal product wave function ansatz where the geminals are not constrained to be strongly orthogonal nor to be of seniority zero. Instead, we introduce weaker orthogonality constraints between geminals which significantly lower the computational effort, without sacrificing the indistinguishability of ... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.00834v4 | 2209.00834 | 2022-09-02 | computer-graphics |
2D capsid formation within an oscillatory energy landscape: orderly self-assembly depends on the interplay between a dynamic potential and intrinsic relaxation times | Multiple dissipative self-assembly protocols designed to create novel structures or to reduce kinetic traps have recently emerged. Specifically, temporal oscillations of particle interactions have been shown effective at both aims, but investigations thus far have focused on systems of simple colloids or their binary m... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.11765v2 | 2404.11765 | 2024-04-17 | computer-graphics |
2D Car Detection in Radar Data with PointNets | For many automated driving functions, a highly accurate perception of the vehicle environment is a crucial prerequisite. Modern high-resolution radar sensors generate multiple radar targets per object, which makes these sensors particularly suitable for the 2D object detection task. This work presents an approach to de... | https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.08414v3 | 1904.08414 | 2019-04-17 | computer-graphics |
2d Cardy-Rabinovici model with the modified Villain lattice: Exact dualities and symmetries | The Cardy-Rabinovici model is a toy model of the lattice $U(1)$ gauge theories to study various oblique confinement states associated with the nonzero $\theta$ angles. We reformulate the $2$d version of this model using the modified Villain lattice formalism, and we establish the exact $\theta$ periodicity for the Witt... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.19412v1 | 2505.19412 | 2025-05-26 | computer-graphics |
2D cellular automaton model for the evolution of active region coronal plasmas | We study a 2D cellular automaton (CA) model for the evolution of coronal loop
plasmas. The model is based on the idea that coronal loops are made of
elementary magnetic strands that are tangled and stressed by the displacement
of their footpoints by photospheric motions. The magnetic stress accumulated
between neighbor... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.03883v1 | 1607.03883 | 2016-07-13 | computer-graphics |
2D CFT Partition Functions at Late Times | We consider the late time behavior of the analytically continued partition
function $Z(\beta + it) Z(\beta - it)$ in holographic $2d$ CFTs. This is a
probe of information loss in such theories and in their holographic duals. We
show that each Virasoro character decays in time, and so information is not
restored at the ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.04592v1 | 1611.04592 | 2016-11-14 | computer-graphics |
2D CFTs - Large Charge is not enough | In this note we study two-dimensional CFTs at large global charge. Since the large-charge sector decouples from the dynamics, it does not control the dynamics and an EFT construction that works in higher-dimensional theories fails. It is however possible to use large charge in a double-scaling limit when another contro... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.03286v2 | 2112.03286 | 2021-12-06 | computer-graphics |
2D chemical evolution models II. Effects of multiple spiral arm patterns on O, Eu, Fe and Ba abundance gradients | According to observations and numerical simulations, the Milky Way could exhibit several spiral arm modes with multiple pattern speeds, wherein the slower patterns are located at larger Galactocentric distances. Our aim is to quantify the effects of the spiral arms on the azimuthal variations of the chemical abundances... | https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.11504v1 | 2310.11504 | 2023-10-17 | computer-graphics |
2D chemical evolution model: the impact of galactic disc asymmetries on azimuthal chemical abundance variations | Galactic disc chemical evolution models generally ignore azimuthal surface
density variation that can introduce chemical abundance azimuthal gradients.
Recent observations, however, have revealed chemical abundance changes with
azimuth in the gas and stellar components of both the Milky Way and external
galaxies. To qu... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1811.11196v3 | 1811.11196 | 2019-06-24 | computer-graphics |
2-D Cluster Variation Method Free Energy: Fundamentals and Pragmatics | Despite being invented in 1951 by R. Kikuchi, the 2-D Cluster Variation Method (CVM), has not yet received attention. Nevertheless, this method can usefully characterize 2-D topographies using just two parameters; the activation enthalpy and the interaction enthalpy. This Technical Report presents 2-D CVM details, incl... | https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.09366v1 | 1909.09366 | 2019-09-20 | computer-graphics |
2-D Coherence Factor for Sidelobe and Ghost Suppressions in Radar Imaging | The coherence factor (CF) is defined as the ratio of coherent power to
incoherent power received by the radar aperture. The incoherent power is
computed by the multi-antenna receiver based on only the spatial variable. In
this respect, it is a one-dimensional (1-D) CF, and thereby the image sidelobes
in down-range cann... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.10119v1 | 1903.10119 | 2019-03-25 | computer-graphics |
2-D Compass Codes | The compass model on a square lattice provides a natural template for
building subsystem stabilizer codes. The surface code and the Bacon-Shor code
represent two extremes of possible codes depending on how many gauge qubits are
fixed. We explore threshold behavior in this broad class of local codes by
trading locality ... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.01193v2 | 1809.01193 | 2018-11-19 | computer-graphics |
2D condensate of electrons and holes in ultrathin MoTe$_2$ photocells | The electron-hole liquid, which features a macroscopic population of
correlated electrons and holes, may offer a path to room temperature
semiconductor devices that harness collective electronic phenomena. We report
on the gas-to-liquid phase transition of electrons and holes in ultrathin
molybdenum ditelluride photoce... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.06917v1 | 1711.06917 | 2017-11-18 | computer-graphics |
2D Constrained Navier-Stokes Equations | We study 2D Navier-Stokes equations with a constraint on $L^2$ energy of the
solution. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a global solution for the
constrained Navier-Stokes equation on $\R^2$ and $\T$, by a fixed point
argument. We also show that the solution of constrained Navier-Stokes converges
to the solutio... | http://arxiv.org/abs/1606.08360v1 | 1606.08360 | 2016-06-27 | computer-graphics |
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