id int64 5 1.93M | title stringlengths 0 128 | description stringlengths 0 25.5k | collection_id int64 0 28.1k | published_timestamp timestamp[s] | canonical_url stringlengths 14 581 | tag_list stringlengths 0 120 | body_markdown stringlengths 0 716k | user_username stringlengths 2 30 |
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1,876,314 | Visual programming quick start | Summary Many subjective traders are interested in quantitative trading, at first, they... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:35:14 | https://dev.to/fmzquant/visual-programming-quick-start-2gei | visualization, fmzquant, trading, programming | ## Summary
Many subjective traders are interested in quantitative trading, at first, they begin with full confidence. After learning the basic grammar, data operations, data structure, logic control of traditional programming languages and the lengthy and complicated code, they start to confused. That's why the visual programming language may be more suitable for getting started.
## Complete strategy
In order to help you quickly understand the key points of this section, before introducing the FMZ Quant visual programming, let's figure out what is the strategy logic? And have a preliminary understanding of the noun concept in this section. We use the simplest closing price to open long position when it is greater than the 50-period moving average and to open short position when it is less than the 50-period moving average.
- Opening Long position: If there is currently no position, and the closing price is greater than the 50-period moving average.
- Opening Short position: If there is currently no position, and the closing price is less than the 50-period moving average.
- Closing Long position: If currently hold long position, and the closing price is less than 50-period moving average.
- Closing Short position: If currently hold short position, and the closing price is greater than the 50-period moving average.
If you write the above strategy logic in the visual programming, as shown below:
As shown above, the entire design process is : setting market varieties, acquires an array of K-line, acquires pervious K line's 50-period average price, obtain pervious K line's closing price, obtain an array of holding positions, determine the status of holding position, judge wether the closing price it is greater than or less than the moving average, and finally, perform opening or closing position.
Here you need to pay attention to the concept of "array", which is one of the important data structures for every programming language. An array is like a container, which holds a series of values. For example: call the API that gets the K-line array, and the result returned is:
```
//This is a K-line array. There are 3 data in it: the data of the one before pervious K line, the data of the pervious K line, the data of the current K line, and assigned these values to the "arr" variable.
arr = [{"Time":1540137600000，"Open":4013,"High":4116,"Low":4013,"Close":4085,"Volume":4124040}，
{"Time":1540224000000,"Open":4087,"High":4106,"Low":4068,"Close":4076,"Volume":3252216},
{Time":1540310400000,"Open":4064,"High":4123,"Low":4050,"Close":4120,"Volume":3642856}]
```
The above code is a K-line array of a total of three data, There are 3 data in it: the data of the one before pervious K line, the data of the pervious K line, the data of the current K line, and assigned these values to the "arr" variable. If we want to get the last value of this array (current K line data) we can write it like this (see lines 4 and 5 ):
```
//This is a K-line array. There are 3 data in it: the data of the one before pervious K line, the data of the pervious K line, the data of the current K line, and assigned these values to the "arr" variable.
arr = [{"Time":1540137600000，"Open":4013,"High":4116,"Low":4013,"Close":4085,"Volume":4124040}，
{"Time":1540224000000,"Open":4087,"High":4106,"Low":4068,"Close":4076,"Volume":3252216},
{Time":1540310400000,"Open":4064,"High":4123,"Low":4050,"Close":4120,"Volume":3642856}]
k0_1 = arr[2]; // get the data of current k line, this is the first method
k0_2 = arr[arr.length - 1]; // get the data of current k line, this is the second method
k1 = arr[arr.length - 2]; // get the data of pervious k line
```
We should use the second ( 5th line) method, because there are hundreds of K- line data in reality, and the new K-line is continuously increasing. So you should get the length of the array first, "arr.length" means to get the length of the array, and then subtract 1, which is the latest K line data. If you want to get the data of the pervious K line, subtract 2.
You may find that these data in "{}" with English name are correspond respectively meaning: the time, the opening price, the highest price, the lowest price, closing price, trading volume. If you want to get the closing price of the pervious K line, add "." then follow by the required value. Refer to lines 8~10 in the code below.
```
//This is a K-line array. There are 3 data in it: the data of the one before pervious K line, the data of the pervious K line, the data of the current K line, and assigned these values to the "arr" variable.
arr = [{"Time":1540137600000，"Open":4013,"High":4116,"Low":4013,"Close":4085,"Volume":4124040}，
{"Time":1540224000000,"Open":4087,"High":4106,"Low":4068,"Close":4076,"Volume":3252216},
{Time":1540310400000,"Open":4064,"High":4123,"Low":4050,"Close":4120,"Volume":3642856}]
k0_1 = arr[2]; // get the data of current k line, this is the first method
k0_2 = arr[arr.length - 1]; // get the data of current k line, this is the second method
k1 = arr[arr.length - 2]; // get the data of pervious k line
k1.Close; // get the pervious k line closing price
k2.Time; // get the pervious k line time
k1.Volume; // get the pervious k line trading volume
```
## Why use a visual programming language?
With these concepts above, let's write an output "hello, world" program with the Java programming language, to feel the traditional programming, as shown below:
```
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(string[] ages) {
system.out.println("hello world!");
}
}
```
Output just a "hello world!" String program, need five lines of code. I believe that most beginners only know the English word " hello, world! " in brackets, and others are just confused as hell. Therefore, it is better to use visual programming as a starting point.
## What is visual programming?
Visual programming has been around for a long time. This kind of "what you see is what you get" programming idea, equipped with a variety of control modules, just by drag and drop, you can build code logic, complete the trading strategy design, the process is like building blocks.
As shown above, the same program, the visual programming requires only one line of "code". This greatly reduces the programming threshold, especially for those who know nothing about programming, this is an excellent operating experience.
## What are the characteristics of visual programming languages?
Blockly(the name of this visual programming tool) is not a programming toy, it is like a kind of editor, not the kind of operating system disguised editor, supports many basic elements of programming, such as: variables, functions, arrays, and easy to extend custom blocks, you can use it to complete complex programming tasks. Designed in line with the Unix philosophy: "Do one thing."
The FMZ Quant visual programming tool "Blockly" was published by Google. Similar to the design of "Scratch", which launched by the University of Massachusetts, the real zero threshold for programming (see below).
In the FMZ Quant visual programming interface, there are hundreds of common trading modules built-in, and more trading modules will be added later to support the trader's new ideas and new applications, which will be jointly developed and maintained by the developers.
Although the syntax is simple and does not lose performance. It can satisfy almost all simple quantitative trading strategy development. No matter in function or speed, it is as good as regular programming languages such as Python and JavaScript. in the future, it will support logically complex financial applications.
## How to use
Write a hello, world program
Run, print " hello , world "
## To sum up
From the beginning of a complete visual programming strategy, to the introduction and characteristics of the visual programing language, we showed you how to use this tool on the FMZ Quant platform, and wrote an example of " hello world ". However, we need to remind everyone that as an step stone to quantitative trading, it currently has only a limited API interface on the FMZ Quant platform. For quantitative trading, it is better to treat it as a tool, which for helping you to sort out the logic of your strategy.
## Next section notice
Visual programming is no different from the basics of high-level programming languages, and even some places are universal. Learning visual programming is a step forward to learning advanced programming. In the next section we will delve into the advanced learning of visual programming, including how to write commonly used quantitative trading modules on the FMZ Quant platform and how to develop a complete intraday trading strategy.
## After-school exercises
1. On the FMZ quant platform visual programming interface, use the API and understand what they mean.
2. Get the latest opening price by the visual programming language and output it to the log.
From: https://blog.mathquant.com/2019/04/23/3-4-visual-programming-quick-start.html | fmzquant |
1,876,313 | Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment: Meeting Diverse Industry Needs | Conference Varied Market Requirements: The Many Benefits Of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices Trying... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:34:56 | https://dev.to/nmark_sullivan_236be81a79/shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-meeting-diverse-industry-needs-3hdg | details, product |
Conference Varied Market Requirements: The Many Benefits Of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Trying to find a dependable in addition to equipment that is ingenious addition to devices for the company? Look no further compared to Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices Our business was dedicated towards offering stamping mould quality that is top as well as devices towards different markets for many years. we'll talk about the benefits of our items, our dedication towards security, ways to utilize our devices as well as our commitment towards offering solution that is outstanding our clients
Benefits of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Our equipment as well as devices deal a number that is true of towards our clients. Our items are actually developed to become resilient, dependable, as well as simple towards run. Our team comprehend that every market has demands that are actually distinct which is actually why our items could be personalized towards satisfy your company requirements. Our designers as well as specialists are actually skilled as well as constantly offered towards offer technological sustain for your devices
Development in Equipment as well as Devices
At Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices, our team are actually constantly innovating as well as enhancing our items. Our r & d group constantly research researches the innovation that is most that is recent guarantee that our items are actually updated, while innovating brand-brand new ones towards satisfy potential company needs. This dedication towards development guarantees that our customers stay affordable as well as effective in their fields that are respective
Security and safety
Security and safety is our concern that is best. Our company understand the importance of roll feeder machine protection in the place of work, which is why our experts style our items towards fulfill safety that is security that is international. Our products undergo strenuous security inspections to make sure they are actually secure for our clients to make use of
Utilizing Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Our equipment as well as devices are actually developed to become easy to use. Our items include a individual that is comprehensive to assist you run it properly. If you require support, our customer support group is actually constantly offered to assist you
Solution
At Shenzhen Lihao, our company are actually committed towards offering our customers along with superb service. Our customer that is devoted support is actually available 24/7 towards response your concerns as well as offer support that is technical. Our group are going to make sure that you get prompt and customer that is also satisfying after purchasing our products
High premium that is top also Application
At Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Tools, our experts just utilize high-quality coil handling equipment materials to produce our machinery as well as tools. This makes sure that our products are resilient as well as dependable. Our items have already been actually commonly employed in different markets like meals handling, pharmaceutical, chemical, in addition to manufacturing that is cosmetic. Our items are versatile and in addition may be individualized to meet your unique business needs
| nmark_sullivan_236be81a79 |
1,876,041 | How to setup a free, self-hosted AI model for use with VS Code | You have probably heard about GitHub Co-pilot. It's an AI assistant that helps you code. There are a... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:34:31 | https://dev.to/glsolaria/how-to-setup-a-free-self-hosted-ai-model-for-use-with-vs-code-4704 | ai, vscode | You have probably heard about GitHub [Co-pilot](https://github.com/features/copilot). It's an AI assistant that helps you code. There are a few AI coding assistants out there but most cost money to access from an IDE. But did you know you can run self-hosted AI models for free on your own hardware? All you need is a machine with a supported GPU.
## Before we begin
We are going to use an [ollama docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama) to host [AI models] (https://ollama.com/library) that have been pre-trained for assisting with coding tasks. We are going to use the VS Code extension [Continue](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Continue.continue) to integrate with VS Code. If you are running VS Code on the same machine as you are hosting ollama, you could try [CodeGPT](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=DanielSanMedium.dscodegpt) but I could not get it to work when ollama is self-hosted on a machine remote to where I was running VS Code (well not without modifying the extension files). There are currently open issues on [GitHub with CodeGPT](https://github.com/davila7/code-gpt-docs) which may have fixed the problem now.
## System requirements
This guide assumes you have a [supported NVIDIA GPU] (https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/gpu.md) and have installed Ubuntu 22.04 on the machine that will host the ollama docker image. [AMD is now supported](https://ollama.com/blog/amd-preview) with ollama but this guide does not cover this type of setup.
## Installing the NVIDIA CUDA drivers
The NVIDIA CUDA drivers need to be installed so we can get the best response times when chatting with the AI models. On the machine you want to host the AI models...
```bash
sudo apt install nvidia-cuda-toolkit
```
Now check the status of the CUDA drivers by running ...
```bash
nvidia-smi
```
You should see something like this ...
Next run a check to ensure the CUDA drivers are available to for use ...
```bash
nvcc --version
```
You should see something like this ...
## Install Docker and enable Docker images to access the GPU
Follow the instructions to install [Docker on Ubuntu](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/).
Now we install and configure the NVIDIA Container Toolkit by following [these instructions](https://docs.nvidia.com/datacenter/cloud-native/container-toolkit/latest/install-guide.html#installation).
Next we double check that any docker images can access the NVIDI GPU...
```bash
docker run --runtime=nvidia --gpus all --rm nvidia/cuda:12.2.0-base-ubuntu22.04 nvidia-smi
```
Note you should select the NVIDIA Docker image that matches your [CUDA driver version](https://hub.docker.com/r/nvidia/cuda). Look in the [unsupported list](https://gitlab.com/nvidia/container-images/cuda/blob/master/doc/unsupported-tags.md) if your driver version is older.
## Run the ollama Docker image
Now we are ready to start hosting some AI models.
First, download and run the [ollama Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/ollama/ollama)...
```bash
docker run -d --gpus=all -v ollama:/root/.ollama -p 11434:11434 --name ollama ollama/ollama
```
Next check ollama is running by...
```bash
curl http://localhost:11434
```
You should see the output "Ollama is running".
We can now download and run any model easily by running ...
```bash
docker exec -it ollama ollama run deepseek-coder:6.7b
```
This version of deepseek-coder is a 6.7 billon parameter model. The model will be automatically downloaded the first time it is used then it will be run. After it has finished downloading you should end up with a chat prompt when you run this command.
While it responds to a prompt, use a command like [btop](https://packages.ubuntu.com/noble/btop) to check if the GPU is being used successfully. Also note if you do not have enough VRAM for the size model you are using, you may find using the model actually ends up using CPU and swap.
## Picking a pre-trained coding model
You may have to have a play around with this one. The best model will vary but you can check out the [Hugging Face Big Code Models leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/bigcode/bigcode-models-leaderboard) for some guidance. You will also need to be careful to pick a model that will be responsive using your GPU and that will depend greatly on the specs of your GPU.
## Setting up VS Code
On the machine you want to run VS Code on, check you can see the ollama API address (note x.x.x.x is the IP address of your machine that is hosting the Docker image)...
```bash
curl http://x.x.x.x:11434
```
You should get the output "Ollama is running".
Next [Download and install VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/download) on your developer machine.
Now we need the [Continue VS Code extension](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Continue.continue).
Make sure you only install the official Continue extension.
Click cancel if it asks you to sign in to GitHub.
Now configure Continue by opening the command palette (you can select "View" from the menu then "Command Palette" if you don't know the keyboard shortcut). Type "Continue: Open config.json"
Open the config file and modify it to be like what I have entered below:
Note again that x.x.x.x is the IP of your machine hosting the ollama docker container.
Save the file and click on the Continue icon in the left side-bar and you should be ready to go. Note you can toggle tab code completion off/on by clicking on the continue text in the lower right status bar. Also note that if the model is too slow, you might want to try a smaller model like "deepseek-coder:latest". Refer to the [Continue VS Code page](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=Continue.continue) for details on how to use the extension.
| glsolaria |
1,876,312 | Navigate with Confidence: Off-Road Towing Solutions by Shanghai Jinli Special Rope Co., Ltd | Navigate with Confidence: Off-Road Towing Options Have you been tired of getting stuck in dirty or... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:33:55 | https://dev.to/hdweyd_djjehhe_94b0dba4fc/navigate-with-confidence-off-road-towing-solutions-by-shanghai-jinli-special-rope-co-ltd-a20 | Navigate with Confidence: Off-Road Towing Options
Have you been tired of getting stuck in dirty or terrains being rocky towing? Fear maybe not because Shanghai Jinli Special Rope Co., Ltd has introduced their off-road towing solutions that will make your towing experience smoother and safer. Their innovative product, Navigate with full confidence, is popularity gaining drivers for the efficiency, quality, and safety. Let's explore more about Navigate with full confidence and exactly how you will be aided by it on off-road towing adventures.
Features of Navigate with Confidence
Navigate with Confidence expertly engineers ropes that are special are formulated with premium quality materials, designed for high durability, and strong enough to withstand varied temperatures along with other conditions. The quality premium used in every item ensure that it lasts much longer than most old-fashioned ropes. In addition, Navigate with Confidence towing solutions have better shock-absorbing capabilities that can significantly reduce jerks caused due to unexpected stops, increasing safety and reducing use and tear in towing equipment.
Innovation in Off-Road Towing
Innovation is just a foundation of Navigate with Confidence towing solutions. The business has invested in cutting-edge technology, higher level research, and industry knowledge to create a range of Off-Road towing solutions that outshine other conventional ropes through the years. The technology revolutionary in Navigate with full confidence helps to ensure that its items have better flexibility and elasticity, enabling it to withstand more strain and remain effective even under harsh conditions.
Safety of Navigate with Confidence
Security is vital in most industry, as well as in the towing industry, it is even more critical. With Navigate with full confidence, security is really a concern top. All their services and PRODUCT, including ropes, straps, and shackles, are explicitly designed to make sure safety maximum the operator and the ones around them. For instance, the ropes are manufactured in that real method which they do not recoil or overstretch, substantially reducing the possibility of accidents during towing. With Navigate with Confidence, it is possible to safely tow your car or truck to security during emergencies without worrying about dangers to yourself or other drivers on the way.
Provider and Quality
Shanghai Jinli Special Rope Co., Ltd recognize that their customers require prompt service whenever they require towing solutions. Consequently, they provide excellent customer care directed at supplying quick and help that works well. Besides, Navigate with full confidence heavy ropes products are created to last long, supported by thorough quality control checks to make sure that every towing item satisfies requirements that are high-quality.
Applications of Navigate with Confidence
Navigate with full confidence isn't only limited by off-road automobiles; it has applications in other machinery, including big vehicles, construction equipment, and equipment agricultural. The organization provides solutions being custom made are tailor-made to meet up with various clients' unique needs. So, whether you're a vehicle motorist, a farmer, or perhaps a construction worker, Navigate with full confidence includes a towing solution that will properly keep you moving and efficiently.
Source: https://www.cneema.com/application/heavy-ropes
| hdweyd_djjehhe_94b0dba4fc | |
1,876,311 | Project GenAI Url Digest | Project Description:- GenAI-Url-Digest is a simple GenAI-RAG web app built with the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:33:37 | https://dev.to/gkemhcs/project-genai-url-digest-5do8 | googlecloud, kubernetes, opentelemetry, terraform | ## Project Description:-
GenAI-Url-Digest is a simple GenAI-RAG web app built with the LangChain framework and deployed in GKE as a microservice, including both frontend and backend. We improved observability with OpenTelemetry distributed tracing and set up continuous integration with Jenkins pipelines and continuous deployment with Argo CD. Ansible configured the Jenkins master node, and Terraform deployed the infrastructure. A pgvector database stores vector embeddings, allowing LangChain to perform vector searches. The project supports both local and cloud deployment.
## Tools Used
- Langchain Framework with RAG
- Google Kubernetes Engine
- Opentelemetry Tracing
- Ansible
- Terraform
- Jenkins
- Docker Compose
## Website Images
Website Architecture
Url Post Route
Question & Answer page
Cloud trace dashboard
Here is the small intro to project.For full project setup visit below github repo once.
[PROJECT_GITHUB_REPO](https://github.com/Gkemhcs/genai-url-digest.git)
**
Sample Docker Compose File for Local Deployment **
```
name: "urldigest"
version: '3.8'
services:
frontend:
build: ./src/frontend
environment:
- BACKEND_SERVER_URL=http://backend:5001
- REDIS_SERVER_URL=redis
- REDIS_AUTH_STRING=gkem1234
- OTLP_ENDPOINT=otelcol
depends_on:
- backend
ports:
- "5000:5000"
networks:
- frontend
- backend
- redis
- otelcol
backend:
build: ./src/backend
ports:
- "5001:5001"
environment:
- GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/run/secrets/key.json
- PGVECTOR_HOST_URL=pgvector
- PGVECTOR_USER=gkem
- PGVECTOR_PASSWORD=gkem1234
- PGVECTOR_DATABASE=urldigest
- OTLP_ENDPOINT=otelcol
secrets:
- key.json
depends_on:
- redis
- pgvector
- otelcol
networks:
- backend
- otelcol
- pgvector
redis:
image: redis:latest
command: redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf --requirepass gkem1234
volumes:
- ./config/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
ports:
- 6379:6379
networks:
- redis
otelcol:
image: otel/opentelemetry-collector:latest
command: --config /etc/otelcol/config.yaml
volumes:
- ./collector.yaml:/etc/otelcol/config.yaml
ports:
- 4317:4317
- 4318:4318
- 55681:55681
- 55680:55680
depends_on:
- zipkin
networks:
- otelcol
- zipkin
pgvector:
image: pgvector/pgvector:pg16
environment:
- POSTGRES_USER=gkem
- POSTGRES_PASSWORD=gkem1234
- POSTGRES_DB=urldigest
ports:
- 5432:5432
networks:
- pgvector
zipkin:
image: openzipkin/zipkin
ports:
- 9411:9411
networks:
- zipkin
secrets:
key.json:
file: ./key.json
networks:
zipkin:
redis:
frontend:
backend:
otelcol:
pgvector:
```
| gkemhcs |
1,876,310 | Why Traditional API Testing Falls Short: A Comparison of Shadow, Production, and Replay Techniques | I want to share the story of how our team at a fast-paced startup tackled the challenge of API... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:31:56 | https://keploy.io/blog/technology/why-traditional-api-testing-fails-comparing-shadow-production-replay-techniques | webdev, api, testing, beginners |
I want to share the story of how our team at a fast-paced startup tackled the challenge of API testing without any dedicated QA team, the roadblocks that we encountered, and how we ultimately addressed these issues.
**Baseline Challenge**
We had 15-day sprints including mandatory unit and API testing.
Strict Timelines (2 weeks)
80% unit test and API test mandate
Initially, we relied on automated testing. Unit tests were stable, but API scripts quickly outdated due to frequent data changes and complex scenarios. Lacking a clear evaluation metric like code-coverage in unit tests, we wanted to cover as many user-scenarios possible for APIs. I suggested the record-replay technique for creating disposable API tests. In short, for API tests I wanted:
Close to real-world API tests (ideally from prod)
Easy disposable tests - quickly create/discard
Automatic Infrastructure spin-up or service/dependency virtualization..
Writing test automation script was not an option since we got only 15 days to ship.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-6.png
**Exploring Various Shadow Testing Approaches**
Since we wanted real + disposable test scenarios we thought of directly testing in production, we knew it was risky, but it promised the most realistic test environment..
**Pros** that we saw with testing in production were:
Low code approach
Easy to achieve high coverage
Discovering unexpected user flows
We started discussions to **mirroring live traffic to new versions** of our application to **compare the responses**.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-9.png
This method was useful for stateless applications but failed to address the complexities of our stateful application, which involved multiple interactions with databases and other services.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-4.png
As seen below we rejected the idea in the early discussions, majorly because of the risks involved - all APIs were not idempotent so prod data will be altered if we duplicate traffic, which can lead to downtime or potential data leak or loss.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image.png
Meanwhile we also discussed replaying just the READ operations by filtering out the WRITE calls with help of a proxy, but that's not a full proof solution since testing will not be completed. Not worth the effort...
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-2.png
We also thought of maintaining a DB Replica in sync but that was way too expensive and there was a replication lag, leading to additional problems.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-1.png
Our discussions came down to lower(Non-Prod) environment - Database Replication and Traffic Replay - we IMPLEMENTED THIS!
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-3.png
We created a regularly-updating snapshot of prod dB and also tried replaying duplicated 10% of the traffic. While this method allowed for high-fidelity testing, it took a big operational effort, cost of the test environment shot up. We solved 2 of the requirements, however service-infra state challenge remained the same and tests were still flaky.
✅ Close to real-world API tests (ideally from prod)
✅ Easy disposable(quick create/discard) tests
📛 Automatic Infrastructure spin-up works for a simple service but it's not scalable(Slow and Expensive) where there are multiple services.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/post-1490-665234af8de20.
Final approach! - If Database is the problem, get rid of the database!
Record and Replay with Service Virtualisation - Eventually, we realised that we don't need the complete snapshot and we can just record the particular query being made for that API call. This allowed us to simulate user behaviour accurately and conduct effective tests without the overhead of maintaining a complete database replica. Running our tests became lightweight and cheap.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-7.png
**Developing Keploy**
We did explore a combination of open-source tools built to make record-replay testing easier - vcr, and pact, and and wiremock, and a variety of other tried and true projects. There are all great tools for their intended use case but didn’t work for me, these are the shortfalls we encountered -
VCR: I explored multiple VCR libraries.
Most require code changes to get integrated.
Dont support DBs like MySQL, Postgres, Redis, etc.
The call never went out of the applications and so stubbed out at the client interface level.
Pact:
To use Pact, I need to first integrate the SDK on frontend to record the expected contracts.
Deploy a broker that tracks these recorded contract recordings across environment deployments.
Then run those tests on the backend, which may fail because I need to also ensure details like Auth are handled - which can again require lots of work to get it to work reliably.
After all this plumbing and changing my code - The benefit is contract testing. My goal was to achieve more than just contracts - test behaviour.
Wiremock:
Again no DBs.
Correlating incoming calls to outgoing calls is left to the user.
If I want to record/replay the calls, intercepting or directing calls is also left to the user. I wanted something which can achieve this transparently without application awareness and code changes.
[Edit] Mountebank - This one is new to me, somehow didn’t pop in my initial research. Got to know from this reddit-comment. Seems to be similar to wire mock though:
Again no DBs, although there seems to be some provisions to add custom protocols.
Transparent record and replay not possible. This problem becomes exponentially harder when trying to do for DBs.
Incoming and outgoing correlation is left to the user.
Since we wanted to record and replay everything (DB, internal/external APIs) at the wire level without code changes - we started writing a different implementation. From these experiences, Keploy open source project was born. Idea was to capture API requests and database responses during normal operation and creates test cases that can be replayed in any environment including CI/CD.
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-8-1024x593.png
https://keploy.io/wp/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/image-8-1024x593.png
We continue to refine Keploy, aiming to reduce the maintenance burden and increase its adaptability to changes in the application. Our goal is to make API testing as seamless and efficient as possible. One of the hidden advantage with this approach was to identify performance issues. Shadow testing has uncovered hard-to-detect performance issues, such as excessive network calls. For example, we did have usecases where we uncovered some very hard to performance issues. Eg: Recently one of users recorded the application locally via keploy and saw there were 3000+ Redis mocks for single request to the API. After deeper inspection it was discovered that there was aggregation logic in the application which fetches 3000 entries in separate network calls from the Redis server. This problem is very hard to find locally, because simple lookups are very fast in Redis, there is also no latency locally and Redis also does pipelining. After identifying this, the user converted this to a single batch call. I'm not claiming this to be a performance monitor, but its been very useful to see all the network requests data that my application does to databases and other services to understand what data exchanges are actually happening and also how many :)
**Limitations of Testing in Production**
Since our use case was to mainly use these as regression tests that are initially validated manually, and inform me about changes in application behavior and force me to normalize them if they are expected.
Adopting production: it might take some time to gain confidence to record from production, but recording API calls locally to create test and stubs also solved the purpose upto good extent. Infact! running these tests locally went quite well because the tests didn't require any infra spin-up and ran very fast (eg: 1000 test in ~1 min for a medium size app ).
Effort Required to Develop Parsers for Mocking/Stubbing Out Dependencies: was high. However, it was clear that there can be high confidence on the mocks, if:
Not done at any library interface level but at the wire level.
Transparent to the application and without any config/behiviour change to the application.
Created from recordings of the real Dependency like DBs or other services. I have seen issues with mocks that are manually created and so may not be "realisitic".
Update-able easily when the mocked system changes.
**Tested for flakiness**
Over reliance: Developers might become overly reliant on shadow tests to detect regressions. This can lead to issues if the system fails to catch some regressions, requiring a recalibration of expectations. Integration with Code Coverage Libraries to minimize over-reliance has been explored, providing transparency about covered branches in addition to lines of code. Future integration with mutation coverage is also considered.
Data Privacy: Since shadow testing starts during development, identifying keys related to personally identifiable information (PIi) is crucial. These filters need to propagate to production to maintain privacy
The Oracle Problem: where determining the correctness of test results is challenging. Can be partially solved by finding duplicate test cases based on branch/line coverage. While it might filter some legitimate use-cases, it saves the users from reviewing 1000s of mostly redundant tests.
Handling Test Noise: Strategies to handle noise include running tests multiple times to identify inconsistent fields and using techniques like time freezing to prevent session token expiration. https://keploy.io/docs/keploy-cloud/time-freezing/
In my next blog I'll be writing about our journey of further challenges we faced with the SDK we built to record and replay APIs along with stubs and then moving on to the eBPF approach. The core requirement I had was, how can I iterate quickly with my applications when I make small code changes without having to invest in writing tests scripts and maintaining test data or env. Would love to hear more thoughts :)
**Invitation to Collaborate**
If you find these challenges familiar or are interested in Keploy, we encourage you to join our community. We believe in solving problems together and are eager to share insights and improvements with developers facing similar issues.
This journey taught us the importance of adapting testing strategies to fit the development environment and the invaluable role of automation in maintaining software quality under tight deadlines. Thank you for reading, and we look forward to your feedback and collaboration in making API testing better for everyone. | keploy |
1,876,308 | Learn Data Structures and Algorithms with Java: A Starter's Guide | Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) form the backbone of computer science, playing a crucial role in... | 27,590 | 2024-06-04T07:30:00 | https://raajaryan.tech/learn-data-structures-and-algorithms-with-java-a-starters-guide | java, beginners, programming, tutorial | Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) form the backbone of computer science, playing a crucial role in writing efficient and optimized code. For Java developers, mastering DSA is essential for solving complex problems and enhancing performance. This blog will introduce you to the basics of data structures and algorithms, their importance, and a brief overview of commonly used data structures and algorithms in Java.
### Why Data Structures and Algorithms Matter
In software development, writing code that works is not enough; it must be efficient in terms of time and space complexity. Here’s why DSA is critical:
- **Efficiency:** Proper use of data structures and algorithms can significantly reduce the time complexity of your code, making it faster.
- **Scalability:** Efficient algorithms and data structures ensure that your code can handle large amounts of data gracefully.
- **Optimization:** They help in optimizing resources, leading to better performance and lower costs.
- **Problem-Solving:** Understanding DSA improves your problem-solving skills, enabling you to tackle a wide range of computational problems.
### Commonly Used Data Structures
Let's look at some fundamental data structures in Java:
1. **Arrays**
- **Description:** A collection of elements identified by index or key.
- **Use Cases:** Suitable for scenarios where the size of the collection is fixed.
- **Example:**
```java
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
```
2. **Linked Lists**
- **Description:** A linear collection of nodes, where each node points to the next node.
- **Use Cases:** Useful when frequent insertion and deletion of elements are required.
- **Example:**
```java
class Node {
int data;
Node next;
Node(int d) { data = d; next = null; }
}
```
3. **Stacks**
- **Description:** A collection of elements with LIFO (Last In, First Out) access.
- **Use Cases:** Ideal for problems like balancing parentheses, function call management.
- **Example:**
```java
Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
stack.push(10);
stack.push(20);
int top = stack.pop(); // returns 20
```
4. **Queues**
- **Description:** A collection of elements with FIFO (First In, First Out) access.
- **Use Cases:** Useful in scenarios like order processing, scheduling tasks.
- **Example:**
```java
Queue<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<>();
queue.add(10);
queue.add(20);
int front = queue.poll(); // returns 10
```
5. **Trees**
- **Description:** A hierarchical structure with nodes connected by edges.
- **Use Cases:** Suitable for representing hierarchical data like file systems.
- **Example:**
```java
class TreeNode {
int data;
TreeNode left, right;
TreeNode(int d) { data = d; left = right = null; }
}
```
6. **Graphs**
- **Description:** A collection of nodes (vertices) connected by edges.
- **Use Cases:** Useful for representing networks, such as social networks or transportation systems.
- **Example:**
```java
class Graph {
private int V;
private LinkedList<Integer> adjListArray[];
Graph(int V) {
this.V = V;
adjListArray = new LinkedList[V];
for (int i = 0; i < V; i++) {
adjListArray[i] = new LinkedList<>();
}
}
}
```
### Key Algorithms
Here are some fundamental algorithms you should know:
1. **Sorting Algorithms**
- **Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort.**
- **Use Cases:** Sorting data to make searching and analysis easier.
- **Example: Quick Sort Implementation:**
```java
public class QuickSort {
int partition(int arr[], int low, int high) {
int pivot = arr[high];
int i = (low-1);
for (int j = low; j < high; j++) {
if (arr[j] <= pivot) {
i++;
int temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
}
}
int temp = arr[i+1];
arr[i+1] = arr[high];
arr[high] = temp;
return i+1;
}
void sort(int arr[], int low, int high) {
if (low < high) {
int pi = partition(arr, low, high);
sort(arr, low, pi-1);
sort(arr, pi+1, high);
}
}
}
```
2. **Searching Algorithms**
- **Linear Search, Binary Search.**
- **Use Cases:** Finding an element in a collection.
- **Example: Binary Search Implementation:**
```java
public class BinarySearch {
int binarySearch(int arr[], int x) {
int l = 0, r = arr.length - 1;
while (l <= r) {
int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
if (arr[m] == x) return m;
if (arr[m] < x) l = m + 1;
else r = m - 1;
}
return -1;
}
}
```
3. **Dynamic Programming**
- **Fibonacci Sequence, Knapsack Problem.**
- **Use Cases:** Solving problems by breaking them down into simpler subproblems.
- **Example: Fibonacci Sequence Implementation:**
```java
public class Fibonacci {
int fib(int n) {
if (n <= 1) return n;
return fib(n-1) + fib(n-2);
}
}
```
### Conclusion
Mastering data structures and algorithms in Java is essential for developing efficient and scalable applications. This introduction has provided a glimpse into the fundamental data structures and algorithms, showcasing their importance and basic implementations. By understanding and utilizing these concepts, you'll be better equipped to solve complex problems and optimize your code effectively.
In future posts, we'll dive deeper into each data structure and algorithm, providing detailed explanations, real-world applications, and advanced techniques. Stay tuned and happy coding!
--- | raajaryan |
1,876,305 | Next-auth App Router Credentials - An Annotated Guide | This is an annotated guide on implementing Auth.js (NextAuth 5) on NextJS (app router). We will... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:28:56 | https://dev.to/rafaatxyz/next-auth-app-router-credentials-an-annotated-guide-4dmm | beginners, javascript, nextjs, webdev | This is an annotated guide on implementing Auth.js (NextAuth 5) on NextJS (app router). We will follow official steps outlined in respective docs.
We want to implement
- a email+password based login system,
- set custom login pages
- protect routes, and
- add roles (ie extend user objects for additional vaues)
Tldr: Git repo - https://github.com/kaizenworks/nextjs-authjs-example
## NextJS Install
Source - https://nextjs.org/docs/getting-started/installation
> Create project
```bash
npx create-next-app@latest
```
> Project name and options
```bash
What is your project named? my-app
Would you like to use TypeScript? Yes
Would you like to use ESLint? Yes
Would you like to use Tailwind CSS? Yes
Would you like to use `src/` directory? Yes
Would you like to use App Router? (recommended) Yes
Would you like to customize the default import alias (@/*)? No
```
On fresh install (ts version), every page inside `/src/app` will throw `module not found` errors on imports.
This is probably because in `tsconfig.json`, `moduleResoultion` is set to `bundler`. More here - https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/41189
Setting `moduleResoultion: "node"` solves the issue.
## Auth.js / NextAuth install
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/installation
> Package install
```bash
npm install next-auth@beta
```
> Setup enironment
```bash
npx auth secret
```
Supposed to create a `.env.local` file with `AUTH_SECRET=` value, but didn't. So had to manullay save the outputted value to `.env.local`.
> Create auth.js at the root of the project (ie `/src`)
```ts
// path: ./src/auth.ts
import NextAuth from "next-auth"
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
providers: [],
})
```
> Set auth related route handlers
```ts
// path: ./src/app/api/auth/[...nextauth]/route.ts
import { handlers } from "@/auth" // Referring to the auth.ts we just created
export const { GET, POST } = handlers
```
> Add middleware
```ts
//path: ./src/middleware.ts
export { auth as middleware } from "@/auth"
```
I expected it would protect all the routes by default. But you would have to define guard rules separately. This version will keep the session values updated.
## Credential (Email+Password) Authentication Setup
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/authentication/credentials
> Setup Credential Provider in `auth.ts` file
```ts
import NextAuth from "next-auth"
import Credentials from "next-auth/providers/credentials"
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
providers: [
Credentials({
name: "Email",
credentials: {
email: { label: "Email", type: "email " },
password: { label: "Password", type: "password" },
},
authorize: async (credentials) => {
let {email,password} = credentials;
if(email==process.env.ADMIN_EMAIL
&& password==process.env.ADMIN_PASS) {
return {
id: '1',
name: 'Admin'
}
}
return null;
},
}),
],
})
```
Define database lookup and password matching inside the authorize callback. I have used static env variables to keep things simple.
NextAuth uses a default user type, but you can extend it (more on that later)
## Signin and Signout
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/session-management/login
> Create signin button
```tsx
'use client'
import { signIn } from "next-auth/react"
export const SignInButton = ({children}:any) => {
return (
<button className="[redacted]." type="button" onClick={()=>signIn()}>
{children}
</button>
)
}
```
Clicking this button takes user to default sign in page.
Note there are two ways of importin signin/out functions
- Your `auth.js` file or `@/auth` for server-side use
- `next-auth/react` for client-side use
Define component render boundaries with `use client` and `use server`
> Create signout button
Signout button is the same, but using `signOut` method.
> Add buttons to Home
```tsx
//.... imports
export default async function Home() {
const session = await auth();
return (
...
<div>
{ session
? (
<>
<h1>{session.user?.name}</h1>
<SignOutButton>Sign Out</SignOutButton>
</>
)
: (
<>
<h1>Guest</h1>
<SignInButton>Sign In</SignInButton>
</>
)}
</div>
...
)
}
```
## Protecting routes
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/session-management/protecting
To demonstrate this, we will add another route `/dashboard` and make it protected (ie only visible to logged in users)
> Add middleware with routh matcher config
```ts
export { auth as middleware } from "@/auth"
export const config = {
matcher: ["/((?!api|_next/static|_next/image|favicon.ico).*)"],
}
```
This did not work out for me.
But defining it inside a custom auth function works:
```ts
import { auth } from "@/auth"
export default auth((req) => {
if (!req.auth) {
const url = new URL( "/login", req.url );
// here "/login" is a custom login page, we havent defined it yet
return Response.redirect(url)
}
})
```
Another way is to define in the page.tsx of the specific route, in our case `/dashboard`
```tsx
import { auth, signIn } from "@/auth";
export default async function Dashboard() {
const session = await auth();
if (!session) return signIn();
return (
...
);
}
```
## Custom Login Page
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/session-management/custom-pages
> Define custom signIn path in `auth.ts`
```ts
import NextAuth from "next-auth"
import Credentials from "next-auth/providers/credentials"
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
pages: {
signIn: "/login",
},
...
})
```
> Create a Login page and implement signin()
We will do this using server actions -
1. create signin request action
2. create signin form component (client side). Bind reqeuestSignIn using `useFormState`
3. create login page on `login/page.tsx` that holds the form component
`@/actions/request-sign-in.ts`
```ts
"use server"
import { signIn } from "@/auth";
import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
type FormState = {
error: string;
};
export async function requestSignIn(formState:FormState,formData: FormData) {
try{
const email = formData.get('email') as string;
const password = formData.get('password') as string;
await signIn("credentials", {email,password, redirect:false});
} catch(error){
return {error: "Invalid login"};
}
redirect('http://localhost:3000/');
}
````
When called from `useFormState` the first param is the state and the second on is FormData. Got it mixed up.
Its weird that you have to pass `reidirect` or `reidrectTo` inside the data param in `signIn`.
But it throws a `NEXT_REDIRECT` error. Keeping `redirect` out of try/catch works somehow.
*@/components/sign-in-form.client.tsx*
```jsx
"use client"
import { requestSignIn } from "@/actions/request-sign-in";
import { useEffect } from "react";
import { useFormState } from "react-dom";
const initState = { error: '' };
export const SignInForm = () => {
const [fstate, action] = useFormState(requestSignIn, initState);
useEffect(() => {
let { error } = fstate;
if (error) alert(error);
}, [fstate])
return (
<form
action={action}
>
<label>
Email
<input name="email" type="email" />
</label>
<br />
<label>
Password
<input name="password" type="password" />
</label>
<br />
<button>Sign In</button>
</form>
)
}
```
*@/app/login/page.tsx*
```tsx
import { SignInForm } from "@/components/sign-in-form.client";
export default function SignInPage() {
return (
<div className="flex flex-col gap-2">
<SignInForm />
</div>
)
}
```
## Session Data
Source : Extending Session - https://authjs.dev/guides/extending-the-session
Source: Role Based Access Example - https://authjs.dev/guides/role-based-access-control
*@/auth.ts*
```ts
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
providers: [
Credentials({
...
authorize: async (credentials) => {
let { email, password } = credentials;
if (email == process.env.ADMIN_EMAIL
&& password == process.env.ADMIN_PASS) {
return {
id: '1',
name: 'Admin',
role: 'staff'
}
}
return null;
},
}),
],
callbacks: {
jwt({ token, user }) {
if (user) {
token.role = user.role;
}
return token;
},
session({ session, token }) {
session.user.role = token.role
return session
},
}
})
```
We defined two callbacks here
`jwt`
> During sign-in, the jwt callback exposes the user’s profile information coming from the provider. You can leverage this to add the user’s id to the JWT token.
Here will will add the user role to token data
`session`
> This callback is called whenever a session is checked. (i.e. when invoking the /api/session endpoint, using useSession or getSession). The return value will be exposed to the client, so be careful what you return here! If you want to make anything available to the client which you've added to the token through the JWT callback, you have to explicitly return it here as well.
In our case we are exposing role in session.
### Typescript error
When extending user with role field, there will be a type error in the callbacks.
> Property `role` does not exist on type `User | AdapterUser`
Solution is to extend the User and Session tyoes from Next Auth
`@/types/next-auth.d.ts`
```ts
import { DefaultUser } from 'next-auth';
declare module 'next-auth' {
interface Session {
user?: DefaultUser & { id: string; role: string };
}
interface User extends DefaultUser {
role: string;
}
}
```
Source - https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74425533/property-role-does-not-exist-on-type-user-adapteruser-in-nextauth
## Additional resources -
1. (Youtube) Next.js App Router Authenication - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJvM2lSPn6w
2. Practical overview of Nextjs forms and server actions - https://www.robinwieruch.de/next-forms/
| rafaatxyz |
1,876,304 | Next-auth App Router Credentials - An Annotated Guide | This is an annotated guide on implementing Auth.js (NextAuth 5) on NextJS (app router). We will... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:28:56 | https://dev.to/rafaatxyz/next-auth-app-router-credentials-an-annotated-guide-4ijp | beginners, javascript, nextjs, webdev | This is an annotated guide on implementing Auth.js (NextAuth 5) on NextJS (app router). We will follow official steps outlined in respective docs.
We want to implement
- a email+password based login system,
- set custom login pages
- protect routes, and
- add roles (ie extend user objects for additional vaues)
Tldr: Git repo - https://github.com/kaizenworks/nextjs-authjs-example
## NextJS Install
Source - https://nextjs.org/docs/getting-started/installation
> Create project
```bash
npx create-next-app@latest
```
> Project name and options
```bash
What is your project named? my-app
Would you like to use TypeScript? Yes
Would you like to use ESLint? Yes
Would you like to use Tailwind CSS? Yes
Would you like to use `src/` directory? Yes
Would you like to use App Router? (recommended) Yes
Would you like to customize the default import alias (@/*)? No
```
On fresh install (ts version), every page inside `/src/app` will throw `module not found` errors on imports.
This is probably because in `tsconfig.json`, `moduleResoultion` is set to `bundler`. More here - https://github.com/vercel/next.js/discussions/41189
Setting `moduleResoultion: "node"` solves the issue.
## Auth.js / NextAuth install
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/installation
> Package install
```bash
npm install next-auth@beta
```
> Setup enironment
```bash
npx auth secret
```
Supposed to create a `.env.local` file with `AUTH_SECRET=` value, but didn't. So had to manullay save the outputted value to `.env.local`.
> Create auth.js at the root of the project (ie `/src`)
```ts
// path: ./src/auth.ts
import NextAuth from "next-auth"
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
providers: [],
})
```
> Set auth related route handlers
```ts
// path: ./src/app/api/auth/[...nextauth]/route.ts
import { handlers } from "@/auth" // Referring to the auth.ts we just created
export const { GET, POST } = handlers
```
> Add middleware
```ts
//path: ./src/middleware.ts
export { auth as middleware } from "@/auth"
```
I expected it would protect all the routes by default. But you would have to define guard rules separately. This version will keep the session values updated.
## Credential (Email+Password) Authentication Setup
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/authentication/credentials
> Setup Credential Provider in `auth.ts` file
```ts
import NextAuth from "next-auth"
import Credentials from "next-auth/providers/credentials"
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
providers: [
Credentials({
name: "Email",
credentials: {
email: { label: "Email", type: "email " },
password: { label: "Password", type: "password" },
},
authorize: async (credentials) => {
let {email,password} = credentials;
if(email==process.env.ADMIN_EMAIL
&& password==process.env.ADMIN_PASS) {
return {
id: '1',
name: 'Admin'
}
}
return null;
},
}),
],
})
```
Define database lookup and password matching inside the authorize callback. I have used static env variables to keep things simple.
NextAuth uses a default user type, but you can extend it (more on that later)
## Signin and Signout
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/session-management/login
> Create signin button
```tsx
'use client'
import { signIn } from "next-auth/react"
export const SignInButton = ({children}:any) => {
return (
<button className="[redacted]." type="button" onClick={()=>signIn()}>
{children}
</button>
)
}
```
Clicking this button takes user to default sign in page.
Note there are two ways of importin signin/out functions
- Your `auth.js` file or `@/auth` for server-side use
- `next-auth/react` for client-side use
Define component render boundaries with `use client` and `use server`
> Create signout button
Signout button is the same, but using `signOut` method.
> Add buttons to Home
```tsx
//.... imports
export default async function Home() {
const session = await auth();
return (
...
<div>
{ session
? (
<>
<h1>{session.user?.name}</h1>
<SignOutButton>Sign Out</SignOutButton>
</>
)
: (
<>
<h1>Guest</h1>
<SignInButton>Sign In</SignInButton>
</>
)}
</div>
...
)
}
```
## Protecting routes
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/session-management/protecting
To demonstrate this, we will add another route `/dashboard` and make it protected (ie only visible to logged in users)
> Add middleware with routh matcher config
```ts
export { auth as middleware } from "@/auth"
export const config = {
matcher: ["/((?!api|_next/static|_next/image|favicon.ico).*)"],
}
```
This did not work out for me.
But defining it inside a custom auth function works:
```ts
import { auth } from "@/auth"
export default auth((req) => {
if (!req.auth) {
const url = new URL( "/login", req.url );
// here "/login" is a custom login page, we havent defined it yet
return Response.redirect(url)
}
})
```
Another way is to define in the page.tsx of the specific route, in our case `/dashboard`
```tsx
import { auth, signIn } from "@/auth";
export default async function Dashboard() {
const session = await auth();
if (!session) return signIn();
return (
...
);
}
```
## Custom Login Page
Source - https://authjs.dev/getting-started/session-management/custom-pages
> Define custom signIn path in `auth.ts`
```ts
import NextAuth from "next-auth"
import Credentials from "next-auth/providers/credentials"
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
pages: {
signIn: "/login",
},
...
})
```
> Create a Login page and implement signin()
We will do this using server actions -
1. create signin request action
2. create signin form component (client side). Bind reqeuestSignIn using `useFormState`
3. create login page on `login/page.tsx` that holds the form component
`@/actions/request-sign-in.ts`
```ts
"use server"
import { signIn } from "@/auth";
import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
type FormState = {
error: string;
};
export async function requestSignIn(formState:FormState,formData: FormData) {
try{
const email = formData.get('email') as string;
const password = formData.get('password') as string;
await signIn("credentials", {email,password, redirect:false});
} catch(error){
return {error: "Invalid login"};
}
redirect('http://localhost:3000/');
}
````
When called from `useFormState` the first param is the state and the second on is FormData. Got it mixed up.
Its weird that you have to pass `reidirect` or `reidrectTo` inside the data param in `signIn`.
But it throws a `NEXT_REDIRECT` error. Keeping `redirect` out of try/catch works somehow.
*@/components/sign-in-form.client.tsx*
```jsx
"use client"
import { requestSignIn } from "@/actions/request-sign-in";
import { useEffect } from "react";
import { useFormState } from "react-dom";
const initState = { error: '' };
export const SignInForm = () => {
const [fstate, action] = useFormState(requestSignIn, initState);
useEffect(() => {
let { error } = fstate;
if (error) alert(error);
}, [fstate])
return (
<form
action={action}
>
<label>
Email
<input name="email" type="email" />
</label>
<br />
<label>
Password
<input name="password" type="password" />
</label>
<br />
<button>Sign In</button>
</form>
)
}
```
*@/app/login/page.tsx*
```tsx
import { SignInForm } from "@/components/sign-in-form.client";
export default function SignInPage() {
return (
<div className="flex flex-col gap-2">
<SignInForm />
</div>
)
}
```
## Session Data
Source : Extending Session - https://authjs.dev/guides/extending-the-session
Source: Role Based Access Example - https://authjs.dev/guides/role-based-access-control
*@/auth.ts*
```ts
export const { handlers, signIn, signOut, auth } = NextAuth({
providers: [
Credentials({
...
authorize: async (credentials) => {
let { email, password } = credentials;
if (email == process.env.ADMIN_EMAIL
&& password == process.env.ADMIN_PASS) {
return {
id: '1',
name: 'Admin',
role: 'staff'
}
}
return null;
},
}),
],
callbacks: {
jwt({ token, user }) {
if (user) {
token.role = user.role;
}
return token;
},
session({ session, token }) {
session.user.role = token.role
return session
},
}
})
```
We defined two callbacks here
`jwt`
> During sign-in, the jwt callback exposes the user’s profile information coming from the provider. You can leverage this to add the user’s id to the JWT token.
Here will will add the user role to token data
`session`
> This callback is called whenever a session is checked. (i.e. when invoking the /api/session endpoint, using useSession or getSession). The return value will be exposed to the client, so be careful what you return here! If you want to make anything available to the client which you've added to the token through the JWT callback, you have to explicitly return it here as well.
In our case we are exposing role in session.
### Typescript error
When extending user with role field, there will be a type error in the callbacks.
> Property `role` does not exist on type `User | AdapterUser`
Solution is to extend the User and Session tyoes from Next Auth
`@/types/next-auth.d.ts`
```ts
import { DefaultUser } from 'next-auth';
declare module 'next-auth' {
interface Session {
user?: DefaultUser & { id: string; role: string };
}
interface User extends DefaultUser {
role: string;
}
}
```
Source - https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74425533/property-role-does-not-exist-on-type-user-adapteruser-in-nextauth
## Additional resources -
1. (Youtube) Next.js App Router Authenication - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJvM2lSPn6w
2. Practical overview of Nextjs forms and server actions - https://www.robinwieruch.de/next-forms/
| rafaatxyz |
1,876,274 | Mastering Mapped Types in TypeScript and it's Practical Applications | Introduction When I was new to typescript, I used to write basic interfaces and object... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:28:52 | https://dev.to/keyurparalkar/leveraging-mapped-types-in-typescript-practical-applications-1i0h | typescript, tutorial, javascript, webdev | ## Introduction
When I was new to typescript, I used to write basic interfaces and object types. I didn’t you use to pay much attention towards the reason of these types and nor use to think it from scabality perspective.
I later on decided to level up myself in the TS game. So I started with the [typescript challenges](https://github.com/type-challenges/type-challenges?tab=readme-ov-file) where I began with easy problems then went on to the complex ones. The challenges are well structured so that you can learn the basics. But what helped me the most was to analyze the solution of other folks on [Github Issues](https://github.com/type-challenges/type-challenges/issues) and [Michgan Typescript’s youtube channel](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLOlZuxYbPik180vcJfsAM6xHYLVxrEgHC). This increased my understand of Typescript by 10x.
These challenges has inspired me to write code that is:
- Scalable
- Structured
- Typesafe
- Less error prone
I started to understand Typescript in a deeper way. All these challenges has inspired me to write this blog post about mapped types in Typescript. So in this blogpost, I am going to talk about Mapped typescript type in brief and explains its real-life applications in detail.
<aside>
💡 **NOTE:** These application of mapped types can be found in the challenges of typescript shared above.
</aside>
## What are Mapped Types in Typescript?
Mapped types in TS is nothing but a way through which you can traverse the properties of the typescript object type and modify them as you require.
To quote the [TS cheatsheet](https://www.typescriptlang.org/cheatsheets/):
*Mapped Types acts like a map statement for the type system, allowing an input to change the structure of the new type*
Consider the following the following type:
```tsx
type Vehicle = {
type: 'Car',
noOfWheels: 4,
color: 'white'
}
```
Now imagine that you need to generate a new type from the `Vehicle` type such that all the parameters are optional. Here mapped types can be used to effectively get this requirement right like below:
```tsx
type Car = {
[P in keyof Vehicle]?: Vehicle[P]
}
```
This would generate all the properties that are optional. This is a simple use case but mapped types can do a lot more exciting stuffs. You can read how you can modify the properties in the mapped typed in this section of the TS docs: https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/mapped-types.html#mapping-modifiers
With this understanding of mapped types, let us start with some real life uses cases
## Usecase #1: OmitByType
If you are a typescript dev then you most certainly have used this TS utility called [Omit](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/utility-types.html#omittype-keys). It helps you to construct a new type from the existing type by removing the keys mentioned in the second parameter of `Omit`.
Take a look at our `Vehicle` example with `Omit` utility:
```tsx
type Vehicle = {
type: 'Car',
noOfWheels: 4,
color: 'white'
}
// Let us Omit noOfWheels
type OmmitedVehicle = Omit<Vehicle, 'noOfWheels'>
/*
type OmmitedVehicle = {
type: 'Car',
color: 'white'
}
*/
```
Here we are removing the property `noOfWheels` from `Vehicle` i.e. we are removing properties based on a property name. What if we wanted to remove a property based on the type we pass as second argument to `Omit`
For example, we would like to remove all the properties from `Vehicle` who’s values are string i.e. remove `type` and `color` property.
At this moment TS doesn’t have any such utility to Omit by Type. But we can build this easily with the help of Mapped types and Generics
Let us first define what we want here. We want are utility to:
1. It should accept 2nd argument that tells the properties to remove based on type.
2. Traverse through each property of the type
3. If the value of the property is equal to the 2nd argument it should exclude it
But before we start our implementation we should take a look at how the original `Omit` utility type works:
```tsx
type Omit<T, U> = {
[K in keyof T as Exclude<K, U>]: T[K]
}
```
It first traverses through each key of the `T` type with the help of:
```tsx
K in keyof T
```
In terms of our `Vehicle` example, K here is the property name that the mapped type will traverse i.e. `type` `noOfWheels` `color`. Next, with the help of `as` clause we remap the key such that we exclude the key K if it matches the 2nd parameter of the `Omit` Utility. Again if you see the internal working of the `Exclude` utility provided by TS it is as follows:
```tsx
type Exclude<T, U> = T extends U ? never : T
```
This means that if `T` and `U` matches then it returns `never` or else it returns the type `T`. This also means that on the match of both the type we don’t want to return anything which is `never`. This becomes useful in the `Omit` case as follows:
If key `K` in the above mapped type matches with the 2nd parameter i.e. `U` then we should not include it in the mapped type. This case can be visualised as follows:
```tsx
type Vehicle = {
type: 'Car',
noOfWheels: 4,
color: 'white'
}
type OmmitedVehicle = Omit<Vehicle, 'noOfWheels'>
/*
Internally this happens:
type OmittedVehicle = {
['noOfWheels' in keyof T as Exclude<'noOfWheels', 'noOfWheels'>]: T[K]
}
which truns into:
type OmittedVehicle = {
['noOfWheels' in keyof T as never]: T[K]
}
and a key in mapped type that is mapped to never becomes excluded from the mapping.
Ideally this would return a blank object like `{}`
*/
```
So this gives a new type constructed by omitting properties by name. Getting this understanding was important so that you can easily grasp the concept of our utility: `OmitByType`. Here is the utility:
```tsx
type OmitByType<Type, DataType> = {
[K in keyof Type as Exclude<K, Type[K] extends DataType ? K : never>]: Type[K]
}
```
Just watch this utility type carefully. Isn’t it pretty similar to the original `Omit` type. Yes, indeed it is but there is a small change which is in the Exclude’s 2nd parameter:
```tsx
Type[K] extends DataType ? K : never
```
Earlier in the `Omit` type we directly put `U` as the 2nd parameter to exclude. But here we are doing the following things:
1. Since we are accepting the type to omit is `DataType` in our `OmitByType` utility, we compare it with the current property’s value. Here the current property is `Type[K]`
2. If it matches with `DataType` we pass this property K to the exclude or else we return never.
Things will get clearer when do the dry run. For the dry run let us again take the `Vehicle` example from above:
```tsx
type Vehicle = {
type: 'Car',
noOfWheels: 4,
color: 'white'
}
type OmitByType<Type, DataType> = {
[K in keyof Type as Exclude<K, Type[K] extends DataType ? K : never>]: Type[K]
}
type OmittedCarByType = OmitByType<Vehicle, string>
```
For the above give code the dry run will look like below:
| Key | Value | Value Type | Condition Check (Value Type extends string?) | Exclude<K, Condition> | Action |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| type | 'Car' | string | Yes | Exclude type | Exclude type |
| noOfWheels | 4 | number | No | Include noOfWheels | Include noOfWheels |
| color | 'white' | string | Yes | Exclude color | Exclude color |
This utility type was a solution to the following typescript challenge: https://github.com/type-challenges/type-challenges/blob/main/questions/02852-medium-omitbytype/README.md
## Usecase #2: PartialByKeys
This utility is again very similar to the Omit utility. `PartialByKeys` will take second argument as union of keys that needs to be made partial/optional in the Type argument T.
Here is how this utility will look like:
```tsx
type Flatten<T> = {
[K in keyof T]: T[K]
}
type PartialByKeys<T extends {}, K extends keyof T = keyof T> = [K] extends [''] ? Partial<T> : Flatten<Omit<T, K> & Partial<Pick<T, K>>>
```
Let me simplify this a bit and explain you guys the working of it:
- Here we have created a generic utility called `PartialByKeys` that take in two arguments `T` and `k`. `T` is expected to be of type object and `K` is expected to be of keys of `T` and is initialised with keys of `T` object type.
- Next, we first check that if Keys `K` are blank or not. If it is then we should return an object type who’s all the keys are optional.
- Notice this syntax here that is used:
```tsx
[K] extends ['']
```
- The purpose of using square bracket here is because we don’t want to have [distributed conditional types](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/conditional-types.html#distributive-conditional-types).
- If `K` keys are not blank then we should return a new object type with the specified keys as optional/partial.
- Here we do a clever trick by separating out the keys that are not needed to be partial we keep it with the help of `Omit<T, K>`
- The ones which we want to make partial we first construct a new object type with the keys that needs to be partial. We do that with the help of `Pick`.
```tsx
Pick<T, K>
```
- Next me this entire pick partial with the help of `Partial<Pick<T, K>>`.
- Lastly we combine these both objects into one.
- Quick note: We also make use of Flatten utility so that you can get a clear type annotation instead of a messed up partial + Pick keys
Here is the Dry run of this Utility with the `Vehicle` example:
| Key | Value | Included in Omit<Vehicle, 'color'>? | Included in Partial<Pick<Vehicle, 'color'>>? | Final Inclusion | Optional? |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| type | 'Car' | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| noOfWheels | 4 | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| color | 'white' | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
## Usecase #3: PickByType
In `PickByType`, we pick all the properties of object type who’s value matches with the type specified in the utility as the second argument.
Here is how `PickByType` looks like:
```tsx
type PickByType<T, U> = {
[P in keyof T as T[P] extends U ? P : never]: T[P]
}
```
The only thing that differentiates this with `OmitByType` is the way we make use of the `as` clause. Here we make use of `as` clause such that only the keys will be shown who value of `T[P]` matches with `U` i.e. second parameter.
Here is the dry run of this utility on the `Vehicle` type:
| Key | Value | Value Type | Matches string? | Include Key in Result? |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| type | 'Car' | string | Yes | Yes |
| noOfWheels | 4 | number | No | No |
| color | 'white' | string | Yes | Yes |
## Summary
At first typescript might look crazy difficult to understand, to follow and might look like some wizardry. But trust me it gets simpler when you learn the basics and start practicing.
So in this blog post we learned about Mapped types and its crazy ass use cases. We also learned some internal workings of the existing TS utility types such as `Omit` and `Exclude`.
Thanks a lot for reading my blogpost.
You can follow me on [twitter](https://twitter.com/keurplkar), [github](http://github.com/keyurparalkar), and [linkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/keyur-paralkar-494415107/). | keyurparalkar |
1,876,303 | REQUEST | Hello fellow Developer, can I work with you guys? | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:28:33 | https://dev.to/ethan_justice101/request-56pc | Hello fellow Developer, can I work with you guys? | ethan_justice101 | |
1,876,300 | 5 Benefits of Continuous Performance Testing | Delivering high-performing applications is now more than simply a goal in a dynamic world of... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:22:31 | https://www.thehansindia.com/tech/5-benefits-of-continuous-performance-testing-873460 | continuous, performance, testing | 
Delivering high-performing applications is now more than simply a goal in a dynamic world of software development. As competition heats up and customer expectations rise, businesses need to adopt strategies that guarantee their software systems can survive the rigors of contemporary computing environments. Presenting continuous performance testing, a revolutionary method that smoothly incorporates performance assessment into the process of developing software. Businesses who embrace this paradigm can gain a plethora of advantages that strengthen a competitive advantage and improve the quality of their products.
1. **Early Detection and Resolution of Performance Bottlenecks**
Finding performance bottlenecks early in the development process is one of continuous performance testing’s main benefits. Performance review is frequently left for later in the process by traditional testing methods, when fixing problems can be expensive and time-consuming. However, teams may identify and quickly address performance issues by testing and monitoring application performance continually throughout the development cycle. Early identification enables engineers to optimize code, make well-informed architectural decisions, and make the required adjustments before problems worsen and become deeply ingrained in the system.
2. **Improved Resource Utilization and Scalability**
Ensuring scalability and optimal resource use is critical in today’s dynamic computing settings. Organizations can systematically assess how their applications use and react to different amounts of system resources, like CPU, memory, and network bandwidth, by implementing continuous performance testing. Teams may detect possible resource bottlenecks and optimize their apps to function well under a variety of workloads by simulating real-world scenarios and load circumstances.
3. **Enhanced User Experience and Customer Satisfaction**
In the current competitive market, maintaining and gaining new consumers depends critically on providing an outstanding user experience. Ensuring that apps continuously meet or surpass user expectations, even in circumstances with limited resources or high load, requires continuous performance testing. Development teams can spot any performance problems and fix them before they affect end users by routinely assessing important performance metrics including response times, throughput, and resource usage. This proactive strategy reduces the likelihood of slow applications, long load times, or unplanned outages, all of which can cause annoyance, disengagement, and eventually, unhappy customers.
4. **Facilitated Collaboration and Increased Transparency**
The process of a performance evaluation can be actively participated in and contributed to by stakeholders from different disciplines, including developers, testers, operators, and business analysts, thanks to continuous performance testing, which creates a collaborative environment. Teams may exchange real-time data, examine performance patterns, and jointly pinpoint areas for improvement by integrating performance testing into the continuous integration and delivery pipeline. Enhanced openness and mutual comprehension of the performance attributes of the application help make well-informed decisions and allow cross-functional teams to better coordinate their activities.
5. **Reduced Operational Costs and Risks**
Continuous performance testing can be used to lower operational expenses and risk of problems connected to performance. Early identification and resolution of performance bottlenecks throughout the development cycle can help organizations save money by preventing the need to rectify performance issues after deployment, when they may have already affected end customers and damaged the reputation of the brand. Furthermore, by optimizing resource utilization, continuous performance testing helps firms avoid over-provisioning or needless infrastructure investments.
**Conclusion**
Continuous performance testing is becoming essential in the ever-changing digital landscape. It is no longer a choice. Opkey revolutionizes performance testing with a highly automated, user-friendly approach catering to diverse enterprise needs. Its no-code interface bridges the gap between technical and non-technical specialists, enabling anyone to create automated tests effortlessly. Opkey maintains consistent quality across all use cases, from ERP implementations to end-to-end business processes, making it ideal for scenarios like Oracle performance testing during Cloud migrations. Seamlessly converting functional tests into performance tests eliminates redundancy, while automatic updates keep tests aligned with changes. Opkey fosters collaboration among teams with varying skill sets, empowering rapid application performance analysis from a single interface, saving time and effort. | rohitbhandari102 |
1,876,298 | Build a telegram bot to sell gift cards and Mobile top-up | ReloadmeTelegram A Telegram bot that integrates Binance Pay, Crypt Pay, and Reloadly APIs. It allows... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:21:50 | https://dev.to/poissac9/build-a-telegram-bot-to-sell-gift-cards-and-mobile-top-up-ebb | ReloadmeTelegram
A Telegram bot that integrates Binance Pay, Crypt Pay, and Reloadly APIs. It allows Telegram users to top up their phones and purchase digital gift cards directly within the chat interface.
Welcome to ReloadMe Bot! 🚀
TELEGRAM BOT FOR SALE🤖💰
Hey there! Looking to own this incredible Telegram bot and take your customer’s digital transactions to the next level?
You're in the right place!
Why ReloadMe?
ReloadMe is your ticket to seamless mobile top-ups, gift card shopping, and crypto payments—all from within Telegram.
This bot is ready to revolutionize how you handle transactions online.
What's Included?
Mobile Top-Up: Instant recharges powered by the Reloadly API.
Gift Cards Galore: Access to a massive catalog of over 15,000 gift cards.
Crypto Payments: Embrace the future with Binance Pay and Crypt Pay integration.
Ready to Buy?
For just $25, you can own this impressive project and customize it to your needs.
Contact Me!
Got questions or ready to make a deal?
Reach out directly: Email: POISSAC9@GMAIL.COM
Telegram: username is BerlyOge
Phone: +1 829 252 1576 (English only)
Let's talk about payment methods and get you set up with ReloadMe Bot today! 💬🌟
Supported Payment Methods: Binance Pay & Crypt Pay: Secure your transactions using crypto payment solutions.
Become a Binance-verified merchant to access API credentials for Binance Pay.
CryptPay offers a straightforward account setup on their website.
The bot is built with Python + Flask
Supported Languages:
🇬🇧 English (Default)
🇫🇷 French
🇪🇸 Spanish
🇦🇪 Arabic
🇮🇩 Indonesian
🇵🇹 Portuguese (Brazilian)
🇷🇺 Russian
🇹🇷 Turkish
Ready to Buy?
For just $25, you can own this impressive project and customize it to your needs.
Contact Me!
Got questions or ready to make a deal?
Reach out directly: Email: POISSAC9@GMAIL.COM
Telegram: username is BerlyOge
Phone: +1 829 252 1576 (English only)
Let's talk about payment methods and get you set up with ReloadMe Bot today! 💬🌟
| poissac9 | |
1,876,296 | Setting Sail for Success: Marine Rope Excellence from Shanghai Jinli Special Rope Co., Ltd | The Waves of Innovation: Marine line materials for Adventuring. Are you currently moving out to sea... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:20:00 | https://dev.to/hdweyd_djjehhe_94b0dba4fc/setting-sail-for-success-marine-rope-excellence-from-shanghai-jinli-special-rope-co-ltd-4dcd | The Waves of Innovation: Marine line materials for Adventuring.
Are you currently moving out to sea for the adventure on a motorboat? Or are you a thing planning committed such as a surf trip? In any case might be Shanghai that is, Jinli Rope Co., Ltd has you covered. With their innovative rope marine, you can drive the waves like nothing you've seen prior. Let us take a closer examine why is Jinli ropes the clear answer perfect marine activities.
Benefits of Jinli Marine Ropes
Jinli marine ropes have a amount of advantages which make them the choice perfect anyone who loves playing into the water. One of the primary advantages is the durability. Whenever you're away in the water, a rope will become necessary by you that may withstand the current weather. Jinli ropes are made from top-quality materials that are designed to be tough, strong, and resistant to wear and tear. Another advantage of Jinli marine ropes is their versatility. These ropes are designed for any challenge you throw their means whether you are with them for sailing, fishing, or surfing. They truly are flexible and easy to handle, making them the option perfect any water sports enthusiast.
Innovative Features of Jinli Marine Ropes
Jinli marine ropes are designed with innovation in mind. These winch rope have a quantity of features that make them unique and very practical unlike old-fashioned ropes. For instance, many of them are made with unique coatings that make them water-resistant and more durable than other ropes. Other Jinli ropes are made to be stretchy, that can be specially beneficial in high-wind situations. This gives you more control of your board or motorboat, making it simpler to navigate the waves.
Health and safety first with Jinli Marine Ropes
Whenever you're away in the water, security is your top regularly priority. Fortunately, Jinli marine ropes have safety features integrated to make sure that there is a safe and adventure enjoyable.
Some of these security features include reflective coatings, vibrant colored ropes, and grip extra the handles. These features make it easier you an improved grip, even though your hands are wet for you yourself to spot your rope in low-light conditions, and present.
Quality and Provider from Jinli Aquatic Ropes
At Jinli, quality is paramount. They pride on their own on only using the very best materials and operations which can be manufacturing create synthetic winch rope which are not just practical but additionally beautiful. They stay behind their services and products and offer consumer exceptional to make sure that you're completely satisfied with your purchase.
Applications for Jinli Marine Ropes
Jinli marine ropes are incredibly versatile, and can be used in a number of various applications. Whether you're with them for sailing, fishing, or searching, they're up to the job. A few of the most applications which can be typical Jinli marine ropes including Towing ships or boards, Securing boats to docks or buoys, Rigging sails, Anchoring boats, Rescue situations. Regardless of what your water recreations adventure entails, Jinli marine ropes would be the solution perfect all your needs.
Ride the Waves with Self-esteem
With Jinli marine ropes, you can drive the waves with full confidence. Their innovative features, durability, and safety features make them the option perfect anyone who loves hanging out regarding the water. So, whether you are planning per day of fishing, a cruise leisurely or an extreme surfing adventure, simply take Jinli's winch rope synthetic along for the ride. You won't be disappointed.
Source: https://www.cneema.com/application/winch-rope | hdweyd_djjehhe_94b0dba4fc | |
1,875,110 | Mask Sensitive Data using Python Built-in Logging Module | Logging is an essential and common topic in software development, which play a vital role in... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:19:12 | https://dev.to/camillehe1992/mask-sensitive-data-using-python-built-in-logging-module-45fa | python, logging | Logging is an essential and common topic in software development, which play a vital role in monitoring, debugging and troubleshooting applications. If logs are not properly secured or managed, they can become a target for hackers and other malicious actors who may attempt to gain access to this sensitive data. By keeping sensitive data out of logs, you can help protect users' privacy and reduce the risk of data breaches or other security incidents.
There are lots of best practices for logging for different programming languages, and this article only focus on masking sensitive data in python using python built-in module - [logging](https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html).
Here is the demo [source code](https://github.com/camillehe1992/python-practice/tree/master/python-toolkit/central_logging) in GitHub.
Let's get started.
## Initialize Logging Configuration
First of all, we create a file named **log.py** with a log configuration as below. The outputs are formatted according to the formatter argument. The default is "console".
```python
# import modules
import re
import time
import logging
import logging.config
def init_logging(
log_level: str = "DEBUG", formatter: str = "console"
) -> logging.Logger:
LOG_CONFIG = {
"version": 1,
"handlers": {
"stdout": {
"class": "logging.StreamHandler",
"stream": "ext://sys.stdout",
"formatter": formatter,
}
}, "formatters": {
"json": {
"format": (
'{"msg":"%(message)s","level":"%(levelname)s",'
'"file":"%(filename)s","line":%(lineno)d,'
'"module":"%(module)s","func":"%(funcName)s"}'
),
"datefmt": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ",
},
"console": {
"format": "%(asctime)s %(levelname)s : %(message)s",
"datefmt": "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ",
},
},
"root": {"handlers": ["stdout"], "level": log_level},
}
logging.Formatter.converter = time.gmtime
logging.config.dictConfig(LOG_CONFIG)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
return logger
```
Then, create a file named **main.py** with below code.
```python
from log import init_logging
LOG = init_logging()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_case = (
"John [513-84-7329] made a payment with credit card 1234-5678-9012-3456."
)
LOG.info(test_case)
```
Outputs:
```text
2024-06-03T06:45:38Z INFO : John [513-84-7329] made a payment with credit card 1234-5678-9012-3456.
```
Obviously, there are sensitive data in logs. **513-84-7329** is U.S. social security number, **1234-5678-9012-3456** is a credit card number. These data are highly confidential and should be masked or redacted with a series of asterisks or replace them with a hash value.
> Although filters are used primarily to filter records based on more sophisticated criteria than levels, they get to see every record which is processed by the handler or logger they’re attached to: this can be useful if you want to do things like counting how many records were processed by a particular logger or handler, or adding, changing or removing attributes in the LogRecord being processed.
_From logging.Filter https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#filter-objects_
According to the above description, I use **logging.Filter** to mask sensitive data in logs.
## Setup logging.Filter in Logger Configuration
Create a filter and configure it in log configuration. Add below code in **log.py** file.
```python
# 1. Define the regex patterns of sensitive data
regex_patterns = [
# U.S. Social Security numbers
r"\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}",
# Credit card numbers
r"\d{4}-\d{4}-\d{4}-\d{4}",
]
# 2. Define a filter class to mask sensitive data that match the pre-defined regex patterns
class SensitiveDataFilter(logging.Filter):
patterns = regex_patterns
def filter(self, record):
record.msg = self.mask_sensitive_data(record.msg)
return True
def mask_sensitive_data(self, message):
for pattern in self.patterns:
message = re.sub(pattern, "******", message)
return message
# 3. Add filter configuration in LOG_CONFIG
LOG_CONFIG = {
"version": 1,
"handlers": {
"stdout": {
...
# setup filters
"filters": ["sensitive_data_filter"],
}
},
# add filters in configuration
"filters": {
"sensitive_data_filter": {
"()": SensitiveDataFilter,
}
},
"formatters": {...},
"root": {...},
}
```
Replace **main.py** with below code. We print message to console using three string formatting methods for comparison. All work.
> Read [Python String Formatting Best Practices](https://realpython.com/python-string-formatting/) if you are interested in string formatting in python.
```python
from log import init_logging
LOG = init_logging()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_case = (
"John [513-84-7329] made a payment with credit card 1234-5678-9012-3456."
)
LOG.debug(f"use f-string: {test_case}")
LOG.debug("use str.format: {}".format(test_case))
LOG.debug("use string modulo method: %s" % (test_case))
```
Outputs:
```text
2024-06-03T07:05:26Z DEBUG : use f-string: John [******] made a payment with credit card ******.
2024-06-03T07:05:26Z DEBUG : use str.format: John [******] made a payment with credit card ******.
2024-06-03T07:05:26Z DEBUG : use string modulo method: John [******] made a payment with credit card ******.
```
Updates:
1. Define the regex patterns of sensitive data
2. Define a filter class **SensitiveDataFilter** to mask sensitive data that match the regex patterns
3. Add and setup filter configuration in **LOG_CONFIG**
The masking process is clear. We define the regex patterns for sensitive data, and replace them with asterisks.
## Mask sensitive data in the values of dictionary
In above examples, the sensitive data have regex patterns that can be defined easily. However, sometimes our sensitive data is a random string, for example, we need to print test_case as below and mask the password only. We cannot define a regex pattern for password string 'fFwpUd!CJT4'.
```python
test_case = {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': 'fFwpUd!CJT4'}
```
After diving into logging module, I found two solutions to mask sensitive data in a dictionary. They may not be the best, but they did solve my problem.
### Option 1. Mask sensitive data in record.msg matching regex pattern
The first solution use regex pattern as well, but this time the sensitive data is located by it's key in dictionary.
Let's update class **SensitiveDataFilter**. Add below code in **log.py file**.
```python
# Define a list of keys that values are sensitive data
sensitive_keys = (
"headers",
"credentials",
"Authorization",
"token",
"password",
)
# mask sensitive data in record.msg
class SensitiveDataFilter2(logging.Filter):
patterns = regex_patterns
sensitive_keys = sensitive_keys
def filter(self, record):
record.msg = self.mask_sensitive_msg(record.msg)
return True
def mask_sensitive_msg(self, message):
for pattern in self.patterns:
message = re.sub(pattern, "******", message)
# replace sensitive data with asterisks
for key in self.sensitive_keys:
pattern_str = rf"'{key}': '[^']+'"
replace = f"'{key}': '******'"
message = re.sub(pattern_str, replace, message)
return message
```
Updates:
1. Define a list of keys that values are sensitive data. These keys are used to locate the sensitive data in dictionary.
2. Mask sensitive data in dictionary.values() by processing record.msg. In function _mask_sensitive_msg_, we define the pattern string **'{key}': '[^']+'**. And replace the match string with **'{key}': ********.
Outputs:
```text
2024-06-03T07:33:15Z DEBUG : use f-string: {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': '******'}
2024-06-03T07:33:15Z DEBUG : use str.format: {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': '******'}
2024-06-03T07:33:15Z DEBUG : use string modulo method: {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': '******'}
```
In the solution, the dictionary object is treated as a part of log message essentially. The only difference is the regex patterns. However, it's not stable from my perspective, causes errors for special scenarios. So I tried another solution.
### Option 2. Mask sensitive data in record.args
When going through the logging module documentation, I found that, for a **LogRecord**, the primary information is passed in _msg_ and _args_, which are combined using _msg % args_ to create the message attribute of the record. With _args_, we can process the sensitive data before being merged into _msg_. Here is the description of _msg_ and _args_ fields in a **LogRecord** object.
- **msg (Any)** – The event description message, which can be a %-format string with placeholders for variable data, or an arbitrary object (see Using arbitrary objects as messages).
- **args (tuple | dict[str, Any])** – Variable data to merge into the msg argument to obtain the event description.
Interesting, right? Let's update class **SensitiveDataFilter** as below to make it work.
```python
class SensitiveDataFilter(logging.Filter):
patterns = regex_patterns
sensitive_keys = sensitive_keys
def filter(self, record):
try:
record.args = self.mask_sensitive_args(record.args)
record.msg = self.mask_sensitive_msg(record.msg)
return True
except Exception as e:
return True
def mask_sensitive_args(self, args):
if isinstance(args, dict):
new_args = args.copy()
for key in args.keys():
if key in sensitive_keys:
new_args[key] = "******"
else:
# mask sensitive data in dict values
new_args[key] = self.mask_sensitive_msg(args[key])
return new_args
# when there are multi arg in record.args
return tuple([self.mask_sensitive_msg(arg) for arg in args])
def mask_sensitive_msg(self, message):
# mask sensitive data in multi record.args
if isinstance(message, dict):
return self.mask_sensitive_args(message)
if isinstance(message, str):
for pattern in self.patterns:
message = re.sub(pattern, "******", message)
for key in self.sensitive_keys:
pattern_str = rf"'{key}': '[^']+'"
replace = f"'{key}': '******'"
message = re.sub(pattern_str, replace, message)
return message
```
Replace **main.py** with below code.
```python
from log import init_logging
LOG = init_logging()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_case = {"username": "John Doe", "password": "xyz"}
LOG.debug("use args: %s", test_case)
LOG.debug("use multi args: %s %s", test_case, test_case)
```
Outputs:
```text
2024-06-03T09:41:02Z DEBUG : use args: {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': '******'}
2024-06-03T09:41:02Z DEBUG : use multi args: {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': '******'} {'username': 'John Doe', 'password': '******'}
```
Let's go through the updates.
1. I created a new function named _mask_sensitive_args_ to process variable data in **record.arg**:
- When args is dictionary: Iterate all key, value pair of dict. replace the sensitive value if the key in the **sensitive_keys**.
- When args is a tuple: Iterate tuple. The item of each tuple may be string or dict.
* If item is a string, mask sensitive data using regex patterns
* If item is a dict, use mask_sensitive_args
2. Modify existing function _mask_sensitive_msg_ in order to support multiple args scenarios.
3. Wrap the filter function with a try-catch block. We catch all exception when masking data, and print the data without masking if there is any error occur during masking.
### Summary
1. When masking sensitive data in logs, choose regex pattern if the data match common pattern, for example SSN, or credit card.
2. When masking sensitive data (random string) in a dictionary, utilize sensitive key name to locate sensitive value or leverage **record.args**.
3. Always put an eye on your logs.
References:
[Keep sensitive information out of logs](https://betterstack.com/community/guides/logging/python/python-logging-best-practices/#8-keep-sensitive-information-out-of-logs)
Thanks for reading. Looking forward to your comments and ideas. | camillehe1992 |
1,875,874 | Three Key Concepts to Build Future-Proof AI Applications | Current AI models won't reach AGI. Not even larger ones. GPT-5, GPT-6, Llama 4, Llama 5, Gemini Ultra... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:18:41 | https://richardkovacs.dev/blog/three-key-concepts-to-build-future-proof-ai-applications | ai, rag, embedding, finetuning | Current AI models won't reach AGI. Not even larger ones. GPT-5, GPT-6, Llama 4, Llama 5, Gemini Ultra Pro Max, it doesn't matter. We are currently living in the age of mixed computing. Deterministic computing is still the dominant type, as the majority of humanity isn't even aware of the capabilities of probabilistic computing, aka Artificial Intelligence.
As the age of commercial chatbots has just started, many feel that current state-of-the-art language models aren't capable enough to remove significant weight from our shoulders. Hallucinations are frequent, calculations are incorrect, and running inference on problems that don't require AI just because it is the buzzword nowadays is expensive compared to running deterministic algorithms.
Current chatbots are simply not powerful enough. However, future models will also be insufficient, as they will just combine and rephrase information from their training set faster and better.
But what if they don't even have to be more powerful? What if I told you that a model today is just enough if you know how to give it some steroids? And these steroids are RAG, fine-tuning, and function calling.
This post is not about the _how_ but the _why_. I won't go into _how_ to fine-tune a model, embed documents, or add tools to the model's hands because each is a large enough topic to cover in a separate post later. What I want to answer below is the _why_.
## "That's Just an AI Wrapper"
Many indie developers have heard at least one of the following phrases:
- _"Your product is just a frontend for ChatGPT."_
- _"That's just an AI wrapper."_
- _"Why would I use your product if Llama is free and open source?"_
And so on. This post is not about deciding whether an AI wrapper is a valid product. Although there are indeed apps that are really just a better frontend before the OpenAI API, I want to point out a different kind. I am speaking about the apps that offer much more than a better UI and some folders for your prompts. These are the apps that will survive the next OpenAI release or the emergence of a better model.
In fact, these apps will be among the first to utilize it. When an app offers more than a better design that OpenAI will probably ship sometime in the future, it is protected against future releases. When a language model is not the product itself but just a tool to augment something happening in the background, it becomes harder replaceable.
The following points also answer comments from larger companies, such as _"Why should I start using ChatGPT? It just steals my company data."_ or _"Llama is our preference since you can self-host it, but it isn't powerful enough for our use cases yet."_
Well, it _is_ already powerful enough. You just lack some information about the best ways to augment it. Lucky for you, this post contains exactly what you need.
## Fine-Tuning
Depending on how long you have used ChatGPT or any other chatbot, you probably have developed a perfect sense to detect whether it wrote a piece of text or was human-written. By the way, the same is true for image models, but let's stay at language models for now. Another useful test to conduct on raw models is using them in languages other than English. They probably won't be as capable since less information was found on the internet written in that language when the providers trained the model.
But this must not necessarily be the case. With fine-tuning, you can change the default style of the model to suit your needs better. Since I am Hungarian, I have plenty of use cases requiring a fine-tuned model for the Hungarian language. Since it is an extremely rare language (only official in Hungary), the sources on the internet that can be used for training are minimal compared to English. Large providers probably won't care about improving their global models in Hungarian, but they usually offer the ability to fine-tune them for ourselves.
A fine-tuned Hungarian GPT-4 model would probably handle Hungarian questions much better than the base model. The same is true for programming languages. Let's say you want to build a coding assistant for Python programmers. Meta did exactly this with [Code Llama](https://ai.meta.com/blog/code-llama-large-language-model-coding/). This model will perform much better in answering Python-related questions than the Llama foundation model.
But languages are not the only thing you can fine-tune for. The standard guideline is that if you require a specific style from your model, you should fine-tune it for that style. Some examples are:
- Sarcasm
- Formal style
- Short answers
- Viral tweets
- Texts without the word "delve"
This is a non-exhaustive list. Of course, you could write these in the system prompt as well, but you would waste countless precious tokens (not to mention the cost) in every message. When you fine-tune a model, it will _inherently_ know the style you want to achieve without further prompting. You achieve better results for less money.
A fine-tuned model is also less susceptible to new model releases. If your application's added value lies in a well-constructed training set, you can easily fine-tune a new model on it and switch to that one when released.
Fine-tuning will help you tailor the style of any model, but it won't extend its knowledge. You need something else for that.
## Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)
Public chatbots have plenty of knowledge about the world. However, one thing they don't have access to is private documents. Whether they are your private files or the internal files of the company you work for, these files could not have been part of any commercial model's training set because they are inaccessible on the open internet. And unless you don't know about Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), you might think that the time of personal and private company assistants is still far away.
With RAG, this hypothesis quickly becomes false. Imagine that you have a bunch of internal software documentation, financial statements, legal documents, design guidelines, and much more in your company that employees frequently use. Since these are internal documents, any commercial chatbot without RAG would be unusable for any question regarding these files. However, you can give the model access to these documents with RAG.
First, you have to embed every document into a vector database. Then, when a user asks something, related sentences from the embedded documents can be retrieved with the help of the same embedding model that was used to embed them. In the next step, these sentences must be injected into the model's context, and voilà, you just extended a foundation model's knowledge with thousands of documents without requiring a larger model or fine-tuning.
Of course, you can combine these if you want. It makes perfect sense to do so. When you have a dataset ready for fine-tuning and a knowledge base embedded in a vector database, the model you use in the background matters less. Let's say you use a fine-tuned GPT-3.5 and have 1000 documents embedded. Then, OpenAI releases GPT-4. Two things can happen in this case:
- Either your use case is so unique that the fine-tuned model performs much better than GPT-4 or
- You fine-tune the new model on your dataset and switch to it immediately.
In neither case did you have to change your embedding logic since a different model handles that (an embedding model). Also, in neither of the cases did the new model's release pose any danger to your application, regardless of whether it is an internal or a SaaS application.
At this point, hopefully, I could convince you that smaller models with some extensions can be more than enough for a variety of use cases. Also, these use cases can be completely outside the normal capabilities of state-of-the-art foundation models.
However, you might still think that today's models lack a crucial feature: the ability to interact with the outside world. This is what the next section is about.
## Function Calling
I first encountered function calling in the OpenAI API, but today, they aren't the only ones offering this capability. In fact, you could also try it yourself with a small model. Just write a prompt that tells the model to return a JSON object that you will use to call a function in the next step.
Yes, OpenAI doesn't really _call_ any function with their models. The way function calling works is that they fine-tuned some of their models to recognize when they face a problem for which a better tool is available. The available tools are functions that you, the developer, wrote and provided the documentation for. When the model decides it is time to call a function for a given task, it will return a specific message containing the function's name to call and its parameters. What you do with that information is up to you, but your implementation will probably pass these parameters to the chosen function. Then, you have to pass the function's response back to the model, based on which it will create the answer.
Here is a simplified example of a message history with function calls.
1. You ask the model for the price of Bitcoin.
2. The model has access to a function named `get_price(symbol)`. The model will return a message telling you to call the `get_price` function with "BTC" as the symbol. It will also give you a unique ID that represents this function call.
3. You call the function in your application. It returns 64,352. You must add a message to the message history with the unique ID from the previous step and the returned price, 64,352. The model will know from the unique ID that this number answers its previous question.
4. Based on the previous three messages, the model answers: "The current price of Bitcoin is $64,352."
This is how a typical function calling scenario looks like with a simple tool or function. When the model has access to more tools, it may return multiple tool calls, and your job is to call each function and provide the answers. Note that the model never calls any function. It is _your_ job to do so. What the model is capable of depends on your implementation. You can write your functions with the least possible privileges (as you should), and the model won't cause any trouble.
## Putting It All Together
Let's stop for a moment and consider the implications of the above examples. Let's say you are using a simpler model like GPT-3.5. (Crazy how GPT-3.5 is now considered a _simpler_ model, right?) Many more capable models are out there, but you are still using GPT 3.5. It has no access to the internet, has a knowledge cutoff a few months back in the past, speaks too vaguely, and cannot do anything else than provide textual answers. Sounds pretty limited compared to the newest alternatives.
> Unless...
We give it some superpowers in the form of the above concepts. I currently have an idea in my pipeline that is ideal for demonstration purposes. It's time to build a financial analyst chatbot.
GPT 3.5 out of the box is pretty far from this dream. My first step was to add some tools in its hand to fetch real-time market information such as the actual price of stocks, dividends, well-known ratios, financial statements, analyst recommendations, etc. I could implement this for free since the `yfinance` Python module is more than enough for a simple purpose like mine.
At this point, the model could tell from the numbers the actual state of each company. The amount of information available for the model was only dependent on me since the API can handle 128 functions, more than enough for most use cases.
However, one key input of financial analysis was still missing: news. For that, I needed something up-to-date and free for experimentation. I found Tavily to be the perfect candidate because it has access to real-time information from the web, such as news and blog articles. By the way, Tavily uses RAG under the hood.
One last flaw in my application is that the answers are too vague. It doesn't provide specific insights; it just summarizes what it retrieves with the configured functions and RAG. Also, it usually never answers direct questions like "Which stock should I buy out of these two"? This behavior is the result of OpenAI's training. It looks like one of the key points of alignment is that it won't provide financial advice no matter how you ask. Of course, I could write a long system prompt to convince it to answer, but sending it at the start of every conversation would probably cost more in the long run than creating a fine-tuned model that behaves exactly as I desire.
Fine-tuning is still ahead of me, but that is the missing piece in my chatbot. When I have my dataset ready, it won't matter if OpenAI releases a stronger model next week. I can still use Tavily for news, and the new model will still be able to call my functions. I can still fine-tune it with my dataset to fit my needs.
This way, the app will offer much more than just a chat frontend, meaning it will be future-proof for longer than simple API wrappers. Any application utilizing these techniques will quadruple the underlying model's capabilities.
Also, Tavily is just one specific example that is ideal for my use case. It's not the only one and definitely won't suit everyone's needs. There are other providers out there. You could also build a vector database and integrate RAG into your application using your custom records.
## Case Studies
The concepts I explained above aren't new. Two excellent examples of apps that utilize at least some of them are [Perplexity](https://www.perplexity.ai/) and [Consensus](https://consensus.app/). In my honest opinion, Perplexity nailed the combination of language model answers and web browsing. It uses RAG under the hood and probably also utilizes function calls and fine-tuning.
Consensus is well-known for providing scientific paper references to user questions. It also provides a consensus based on multiple retrieved papers. As you probably have guessed, they also use RAG in the background.
Neither of these apps is in danger of future model releases because their use case is very specific, and both of them offer much more than the underlying model's raw answer.
There is literally no limit to what you can already do with current models if you are creative enough.
Let's build!
| richardkovacs |
1,875,726 | Building a CRUD Application with Node.js, Express, and MongoDB | In this blog, we will build a simple CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) application using Node.js,... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:16:00 | https://dev.to/manthanank/building-a-crud-application-with-nodejs-express-and-mongodb-25o2 | webdev, javascript, beginners, programming | In this blog, we will build a simple CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) application using Node.js, Express, and MongoDB. CRUD applications are fundamental in web development and provide a solid foundation for understanding how to interact with databases.
## Project Setup
### Step 1: Setting Up the Project
First, create a new directory for your project and initialize it with npm:
```bash
mkdir crud-nodejs
cd crud-nodejs
npm init -y
```
Next, install the necessary dependencies:
```bash
npm install express mongoose cors dotenv body-parser
npm install --save-dev nodemon
```
Create the following project structure:
```
crud-nodejs
├── config
│ └── database.js
├── controllers
│ └── todoController.js
├── middleware
│ └── errorMiddleware.js
├── models
│ └── todo.js
├── routes
│ └── todoRoutes.js
├── .env.example
├── index.js
└── package.json
```
### Step 2: Configuring Environment Variables
Create a `.env` file (copy from `.env.example`):
```bash
cp .env.example .env
```
Fill in your MongoDB credentials in the `.env` file:
```
PORT=3000
CLIENT_URL=http://localhost:3000
MONGODB_USER=your_mongodb_user
MONGODB_PASSWORD=your_mongodb_password
MONGODB_DBNAME=crud
```
### Step 3: Connecting to MongoDB
In `config/database.js`, we set up the MongoDB connection using Mongoose:
```js
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
require('dotenv').config();
const dbUser = process.env.MONGODB_USER;
const dbPassword = process.env.MONGODB_PASSWORD;
const dbName = process.env.MONGODB_DBNAME || 'crud';
const mongoURI = `mongodb+srv://${dbUser}:${dbPassword}@cluster0.re3ha3x.mongodb.net/${dbName}?retryWrites=true&w=majority`;
module.exports = async function connectDB() {
try {
await mongoose.connect(mongoURI, {
useNewUrlParser: true, useUnifiedTopology: true
});
console.log('MongoDB connected');
} catch (error) {
console.error('MongoDB connection failed');
console.error(error);
}
};
```
### Step 4: Creating the Express Server
In `index.js`, we configure the Express server and connect to MongoDB:
```js
const express = require('express');
const cors = require("cors");
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const connectDB = require('./config/database');
const todoRoutes = require('./routes/todoRoutes');
const errorMiddleware = require('./middleware/errorMiddleware');
require('dotenv').config();
const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;
app.use(
cors({
origin: "*",
})
);
// Middleware
app.use(bodyParser.json());
// Connect to MongoDB
connectDB();
// Routes
app.use('/todos', todoRoutes);
// Error middleware
app.use(errorMiddleware);
// Start the server
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`Server started on port ${PORT}`);
});
```
### Step 5: Defining the Todo Model
In `models/todo.js`, we define the Todo schema using Mongoose:
```js
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const todoSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
title: {
type: String,
required: true
},
completed: {
type: Boolean,
default: false
}
});
module.exports = mongoose.model('Todo', todoSchema);
```
### Step 6: Creating the Controller
In `controllers/todoController.js`, we define the logic for handling CRUD operations:
```js
const Todo = require('../models/todo');
const { validateTodo } = require('../utils/validationUtils');
exports.createTodo = async (req, res) => {
const todo = req.body;
if (!validateTodo(todo)) {
return res.status(400).json({ message: 'Invalid todo object' });
}
try {
const newTodo = new Todo(todo);
await newTodo.save();
res.status(201).json({ message: 'Todo created successfully' });
} catch (error) {
res.status(500).json({ message: error.message });
}
};
exports.getAllTodos = async (req, res) => {
try {
const todos = await Todo.find();
res.send(todos);
} catch (err) {
res.status(500).send(err);
}
};
exports.getTodoById = async (req, res) => {
try {
const todo = await Todo.findById(req.params.id);
if (!todo) return res.status(404).send('Todo not found');
res.send(todo);
} catch (err) {
res.status(500).send(err);
}
};
exports.updateTodo = async (req, res) => {
try {
const todo = await Todo.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, req.body, { new: true });
if (!todo) return res.status(404).send('Todo not found');
res.status(200).send({ message: 'Todo updated successfully'});
} catch (err) {
res.status(400).send(err);
}
};
exports.deleteTodo = async (req, res) => {
try {
const todo = await Todo.findByIdAndDelete(req.params.id);
if (!todo) return res.status(404).send('Todo not found');
res.status(200).json({ message: 'Todo deleted successfully' });
} catch (err) {
res.status(500).send(err);
}
};
```
### Step 7: Defining Routes
In `routes/todoRoutes.js`, we set up the routes for the Todo API:
```js
const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();
const todoController = require('../controllers/todoController');
// Routes
router.post('/', todoController.createTodo);
router.get('/', todoController.getAllTodos);
router.get('/:id', todoController.getTodoById);
router.patch('/:id', todoController.updateTodo);
router.delete('/:id', todoController.deleteTodo);
module.exports = router;
```
### Step 8: Error Handling Middleware
In `middleware/errorMiddleware.js`, we define a simple error handling middleware:
```js
module.exports = function errorHandler(err, req, res, next) {
console.error(err.stack);
res.status(500).send('Something broke!');
};
```
### Step 9: Running the Application
Add the following scripts to `package.json`:
```json
"scripts": {
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
"dev": "nodemon index.js",
"start": "node index.js"
}
```
Start the application in development mode:
```bash
npm run dev
```
## Conclusion
You now have a fully functional CRUD application built with Node.js, Express, and MongoDB. This application allows you to create, read, update, and delete Todo items. This basic structure can be expanded and customized to fit more complex requirements. Happy coding!
## Exploring the Code
Visit the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/manthanank/crud-nodejs/tree/mongodb) to explore the code in detail.
---
| manthanank |
1,876,294 | The Impact of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment on Industrial Efficiency | Introduction Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is an organization that creates equipment which have... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:15:54 | https://dev.to/nmark_sullivan_236be81a79/the-impact-of-shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-on-industrial-efficiency-2m0m | design, product | Introduction
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is an organization that creates equipment which have a huge effect on industrial efficiency. The organization provides innovative machinery and equipment which are not only efficient but in addition safe to utilize
Advantages
The main advantage of using Shenzhen Lihao Machinery coil handling equipment would be that they are created to help companies increase productivity while reducing costs. This is accomplished by creating machines which can be simple to use and continue maintaining, helping to make them very inexpensive over time. The machines may also be built to be environmentally friendly, that will be a thing that is vital to numerous companies today
Innovation
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment has a group of very skilled engineers who will be constantly developing new and innovative equipment. The organization uses the newest technology to produce machines which are not only efficient but in addition smart. This means the machines can sense if they need maintenance, or if they are planning to break up, and additionally they alert the operator straight away
Safety
Safety is a premier priority for Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment. All machines were created with safety features at heart. The apparatus comes with sensors that detect when an operator is certainly not use that is making of machine properly, in addition they stop the device immediately, preventing accidents from occurring. All coil cutting machine may be built to also be very easy to maintain, which further enhances safety by making sure the machines are often in good working order
Use
The machines generated by Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment are created to be applied in an array of industries. This can include anything from manufacturing to food processing to agriculture. The machines are user-friendly, and operators do not require specialized training to utilize them. The machines may also be built to be very easy to move about, helping to make them very versatile with regards to their application
Simple tips to Use
Using Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is simple. Each machine is sold with an in depth user manual that delivers instructions about how to utilize the machine safely and efficiently. Operators should proceed with the instructions carefully to make sure that the device is employed correctly and they get the benefit that is maximum the jawhorse
Service
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment offers service that is excellent its customers. The organization provides a number that is thorough of services to make sure that its cut to length machine operate at peak performance. This can include anything from installation to maintenance to fix. The organization also provides training services to assist operators discover how to utilize the machines correctly
Quality
The standard of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is exceptional. The organization uses the quality materials that are best in addition to most advanced technology to create machines which can be robust, reliable, and long-lasting. All machines are afflicted by rigorous testing to make sure that they meet with the highest standards for gratification and quality
Application
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment would work for usage in an array of industries, including manufacturing, food processing, agriculture, and many other things. The machines are created to be versatile and certainly will be customized to accommodate the precise needs of each and every industry. This is why them a investment that is fantastic almost any company this is certainly trying to increase productivity and lower costs
| nmark_sullivan_236be81a79 |
1,876,293 | DeFi Security Enhancements Safer Blockchain Transactions in 2024 | Decentralized Finance (DeFi) represents a shift from traditional financial systems to... | 27,548 | 2024-06-04T07:15:35 | https://dev.to/aishikl/defi-security-enhancements-safer-blockchain-transactions-in-2024-1c9f | # Decentralized Finance (DeFi) represents a shift from traditional financial systems to peer-to-peer finance enabled by blockchain technology, primarily on the Ethereum network. DeFi offers a wide array of financial services such as lending, borrowing, and trading without intermediaries, leveraging smart contracts for automation and transparency. However, the decentralized nature of DeFi introduces significant security challenges, including smart contract vulnerabilities, impermanent loss, and oracle manipulation. To address these, innovations like Layer 2 solutions, interoperability protocols, and enhanced consensus mechanisms are being developed, alongside best practices such as rigorous auditing, risk management, and user education. The future of DeFi security will likely involve predictive AI tools, regulatory frameworks, and robust community governance to ensure a safer and more reliable ecosystem.
#rapidinnovation#DeFi #BlockchainSecurity #SmartContracts #Layer2Solutions #CryptoRegulation
link: http://www.rapidinnovation.io/post/defi-security-enhancements-safer-blockchain-transactions-in-2024 | aishikl | |
1,876,292 | What is manual testing ? what are the benefits and drawbacks of manual testing ? | Manual testing is a software testing technique where testers manually execute test cases without the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:09:28 | https://dev.to/nandhini_manikandan_/what-is-manual-testing-what-are-the-benefits-and-drawbacks-of-manual-testing--1lgc | Manual testing is a software testing technique where testers manually execute test cases without the use of automation tools. It involves human intervention to ensure that the software meets the specified requirements and functions correctly.
**Benefits of Manual Testing**:
1. **Cost-Effective for Small Projects**: Manual testing can be more cost-effective for small-scale projects or projects with limited resources. Since it doesn't require investment in automation tools or frameworks, manual testing can be a budget-friendly option for startups or projects with tight budgets.
2. **Flexibility and Adaptability**: Manual testing offers flexibility in adapting to changes in the software requirements or user interface. Testers can quickly modify test cases or explore unexpected scenarios during testing without the constraints of pre-defined automation scripts.
3. **Exploratory Testing**: Manual testing allows testers to perform exploratory testing, where they can uncover defects or issues that may not be identified through scripted test cases. Testers can simulate real-world usage scenarios and provide valuable insights into the software's usability and user experience.
4. **Early Detection of Usability Issues**: Manual testing enables testers to evaluate the software's usability from an end-user perspective. Testers can identify usability issues such as confusing user interfaces, unclear instructions, or inefficient workflows, helping developers address these issues early in the development lifecycle.
**Drawbacks of Manual Testing**:
1. **Time-Consuming and Labor-Intensive**: Manual testing can be time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially for complex software systems or large-scale projects. Testers need to execute test cases manually, which can result in slower testing cycles and delays in the software release process.
2. **Prone to Human Errors**: Manual testing is susceptible to human errors and inconsistencies. Testers may overlook certain test scenarios, execute test cases incorrectly, or misinterpret test results, leading to missed defects or false-positive/negative results.
3. **Limited Reusability and Scalability**: Manual test cases are typically not reusable across different releases or iterations of the software. As the software evolves and new features are added, testers need to create and execute new test cases manually, which can be time-consuming and inefficient. Additionally, manual testing may not be scalable for projects with frequent releases or continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipelines.
4. **Difficulties in Regression Testing**: Regression testing, which involves retesting the software after code changes to ensure that existing functionality remains intact, can be challenging to perform manually. Testers may struggle to cover all regression test scenarios and may require significant effort to validate the software's stability after each code change.
**Example**:
Consider a web-based e-commerce application undergoing manual testing before its launch. Testers manually navigate through the application's various functionalities, such as browsing products, adding items to the cart, and completing the checkout process. They validate the accuracy of product prices, shipping calculations, and payment processing by entering test data and verifying the expected outcomes.
During manual testing, testers discover a usability issue where the checkout button is not prominently displayed on the mobile version of the website, leading to user confusion and cart abandonment. This finding prompts the development team to redesign the mobile checkout flow to improve usability and enhance the overall user experience.
In this example, manual testing helps identify a critical usability issue that may have gone unnoticed during automated testing, demonstrating the importance of human intervention in ensuring software quality. However, manual testing also highlights the potential drawbacks, such as time-consuming execution and the possibility of overlooking certain test scenarios. | nandhini_manikandan_ | |
1,876,291 | Android Application Keep-Alive Strategies and Practices | Preface In the Android ecosystem, keeping applications alive in the background has always... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:09:18 | https://dev.to/happyer/android-application-keep-alive-strategies-and-practices-3ngf | android, development, mobile, developer | ### Preface
In the Android ecosystem, keeping applications alive in the background has always been a challenge for developers. As the Android system places increasing emphasis on user privacy and device performance, the operation of background applications has faced more and more restrictions. However, for some applications that need to run continuously, such as real-time message push and location services, keep-alive strategies become particularly important. This article will explore some current keep-alive solutions on the Android platform and provide some practical suggestions. Here are 30 common Android keep-alive methods to help you overcome background restrictions:
### 1. Foreground Service
Foreground service is one of the most direct keep-alive methods. By setting the service to the foreground, the system will consider the service crucial to the user and will not easily reclaim it. Foreground services need to display a notification to inform the user that the service is running. You can set a service to the foreground by calling the `startForeground(int id, Notification notification)` method.
### 2. Dual Process Daemon
Create two Services running in different processes. When one process is reclaimed by the system, the other process can detect this through the `onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name)` method and restart the killed process. This mutual guarding can improve the application's survival rate.
### 3. Third-Party Push Services
Use third-party push services like JPush, Xiaomi Push, etc. These push services often employ keep-alive techniques to ensure real-time message delivery.
### 4. Static Broadcast Receivers
Register static broadcast receivers in the AndroidManifest.xml to listen for system broadcasts such as battery status changes and screen unlocks. When a broadcast is received, check if the application process is alive, and if it has been killed, restart the application. Note that from Android 8.0 onwards, the use of static broadcasts has been restricted, and some implicit broadcasts cannot be received through static registration.
### 5. Using System Broadcasts to Revive
Listen to system broadcasts such as boot completed, network changes, and app installation/uninstallation. When a broadcast is received, check if the application process is alive, and if it has been killed, restart the application.
### 6. JobScheduler
Use JobScheduler to periodically start the application. JobScheduler, introduced in Android 5.0, is a task scheduling mechanism that can execute tasks under specific conditions, such as when the device is charging or connected to Wi-Fi. By creating a Job, setting the trigger conditions, and submitting the Job to the JobScheduler, the JobScheduler will start the application when the conditions are met.
### 7. Whitelist
Guide users to add the application to the system's whitelist, such as the power-saving whitelist or auto-start whitelist. Applications added to the whitelist are not subject to system restrictions and can continue running in the background.
### 8. Proper Use of Activity
When necessary, set the application's Activity to `singleTask` or `singleInstance` mode to ensure that only one instance of the application exists in the background. This can reduce system restrictions on the application and improve its survival rate in the background.
### 9. Using AlarmManager for Periodic Wake-Up
Use AlarmManager to periodically wake up the application. By setting a timed task, the application can be started using a PendingIntent when the specified time is reached. Note that from Android 6.0 onwards, AlarmManager's behavior has been restricted, and timed tasks may be delayed when the device is in low-power mode.
### 10. Properly Setting Process Priority
The Android system decides whether to reclaim a process based on its priority. By properly setting the process priority, you can reduce the likelihood of the system reclaiming the process. For example, you can set a Service as a foreground service or bind the process to an Activity that the user is interacting with.
### 11. Using Sticky Broadcasts
Using sticky broadcasts can, to some extent, increase the priority of the broadcast receiver. When a sticky broadcast is sent, the system stores the broadcast in memory, allowing the application to receive it even if it has been killed and restarted. However, note that from Android 5.0 onwards, the use of sticky broadcasts has been restricted, and some broadcasts cannot be sent in sticky mode.
### 12. Using WorkManager
WorkManager is part of the Android Architecture Components and provides a unified solution for background tasks. WorkManager can automatically choose the best execution method and ensure that tasks are completed even if the application exits or the device restarts. While WorkManager may not be as effective in keep-alive as other methods, it is a solution that aligns more closely with Android system guidelines and can help avoid system restrictions and user experience issues.
### 13. Proper Use of WakeLock
In certain scenarios, you can use WakeLock to prevent the CPU from entering sleep mode, ensuring that the application can continue running in the background. However, be cautious with WakeLock as it can lead to increased battery consumption. Always release the lock as soon as it is no longer needed.
### 14. Proper Use of SyncAdapter
SyncAdapter is an Android framework for handling data synchronization operations. SyncAdapter can automatically schedule sync tasks based on the device's network status, battery status, and other conditions. Although SyncAdapter is not specifically designed for keep-alive purposes, it can improve the application's survival rate in the background.
### 15. Using AccountManager
By adding an account to the application and associating it with SyncAdapter, you can improve the application's survival rate to some extent. When the system triggers a sync operation, it will start the application process associated with the account. However, be cautious with this method as it may cause inconvenience to users.
### 16. Using Multiple Processes
In the AndroidManifest.xml, set the `android:process` attribute for Services or Activities to run them in separate processes. This way, even if the main process is killed, other processes can still survive.
### 17. Using ContentProvider
Register a ContentProvider in the AndroidManifest.xml and access this ContentProvider from other applications through `ContentResolver`. This way, even if your application is in the background, as long as other applications access the ContentProvider, your application can remain alive.
### 18. Performance Optimization
Optimize your application's performance to reduce memory, CPU, and battery consumption. By doing so, the system is more likely to reclaim other resource-intensive applications first, thereby increasing your application's survival rate in the background.
### 19. Using NotificationListenerService
By implementing a `NotificationListenerService` and registering it in the AndroidManifest.xml, you can listen for changes in the system notification bar. When a new notification is received, check if the application process is alive, and if it has been killed, restart the application. Note that to use `NotificationListenerService`, users need to grant notification access permission to the application in the settings.
### 20. Adapting to Doze Mode and App Standby
Starting from Android 6.0 (API level 23), the system introduced Doze mode and App Standby to optimize battery usage. In these modes, the system restricts background applications' network access and CPU usage. To ensure your application runs normally in these modes, you need to adapt to these features, such as using high-priority Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) messages to wake up the application.
### 21. Using Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM)
For applications that require real-time message push, Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) is a reliable solution. FCM is a cross-platform messaging service that ensures efficient and reliable message delivery. By using FCM, you can ensure that your application receives real-time messages even when it is in the background, without needing excessive keep-alive measures.
### 22. Timely Adaptation to New System Versions
As the Android system evolves, the restrictions on background applications may change. To ensure that your application runs smoothly on new system versions, you need to timely adapt to these changes and adjust your keep-alive strategies accordingly.
### 23. Using Binder Mechanism
Binder is an inter-process communication (IPC) mechanism in Android. By creating a Binder object in a Service and obtaining this Binder object in another process, you can establish a connection between the two processes, thereby improving the Service's survival rate.
### 24. Using Native Processes
Using JNI (Java Native Interface) technology, you can create a native process to guard the application process. When the application process is killed, the native process can detect this event and restart the application process. This method requires knowledge of C/C++ and may increase the complexity and maintenance cost of the application.
### 25. Using Reflection to Call Hidden APIs
There are some hidden APIs and system services in the Android system that can be used to improve the application's survival rate. For example, by using reflection to call the `ActivityManager`'s `addPersistentProcess` method, you can set the application as a system process, thereby increasing its priority. However, this method carries significant risks and may cause the application to malfunction on certain devices or system versions.
### 26. Monitoring System UI
Monitor changes in the system UI, such as the status bar and navigation bar. When the system UI changes, check if the application process is alive, and if it has been killed, restart the application.
### Conclusion
When designing keep-alive strategies for Android applications, developers need to balance system resources, user experience, and application requirements. By effectively utilizing the APIs and services provided by the system, adhering to Android best practices, and building trust with users, you can achieve background keep-alive without violating system guidelines. As the Android system continues to evolve, developers need to stay updated and adapt to new system features and restrictions to ensure stable operation and a good user experience.
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| happyer |
1,876,289 | VVIP namah nh 24 Ghaziabad | VVIP Namah Ghaziabad | VVIP Namah where every apartment is tailored for the discerning buyer. These homes boast expansive... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:07:46 | https://dev.to/narendra_kumar_5138507a03/vvip-namah-nh-24-ghaziabad-vvip-namah-ghaziabad-1gnh | realestate, realestateagent, realestateinvestment, vvipnamah | VVIP Namah where every apartment is tailored for the discerning buyer. These homes boast expansive layouts, premium finishes, and breathtaking views, perfectly balancing comfort and sophistication.
VVIP Namah offers 3 & 4 BHK luxury apartments starting at ₹ 1.25 Cr*. Enjoy a range of top-tier amenities, including a cutting-edge gym, a pristine swimming pool, lush parks, and dedicated play areas for children, all designed to elevate your lifestyle.
Situated on NH 24 in Ghaziabad, VVIP Namah offers seamless connectivity to Delhi, Noida, and other major areas, ensuring hassle-free daily commutes. Its proximity to renowned educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and shopping centers further enhances its appeal.
Discover a tranquil and sophisticated lifestyle at VVIP Namah NH 24 Ghaziabad, where every aspect is meticulously crafted to provide an unparalleled living experience.
Enter your new home, where comfort and convenience merge to form the ideal sanctuary for you and your family.
Contact us: 8595808895 | narendra_kumar_5138507a03 |
1,876,287 | How to Add this style ? | Hello, I want to add this style in my website which is providing CapCut Mod Apk This style is very... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:05:32 | https://dev.to/adios_khos_4917042407cd77/how-to-add-this-style--10ah | Hello,
I want to add this style in my website which is providing [CapCut Mod Apk](https://capcutapkapp.pro/)
This style is very unique and looks very beautiful. I want to AI and ask them to provide me html / CSS of this but whenever I put this css in my website. The result will not be same. So, please tell me anything about it. | adios_khos_4917042407cd77 | |
1,876,286 | The Hottest Mobile Hentai Games of the Year 2024 | Popular mobile hentai games that have gained traction in recent years and may continue to be popular... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:03:06 | https://dev.to/vsprovider_5529dc404/the-hottest-mobile-hentai-games-of-the-year-2024-2613 | Popular [mobile hentai games](https://gamcore.com/mobile) that have gained traction in recent years and may continue to be popular in 2024 based on current trends:
**1. "Pocket Waifu”: **
This interactive dating simulator game allows players to care for and interact with their own digital companion, engaging in conversations, activities, and intimate moments. With a wide range of customization options and interactive features, “Pocket Waifu” has been a hit among adult gamers.
**
2. "Booty Calls”: **
Dive into a world of romance and seduction in this dating sim game where players interact with various characters and build relationships through engaging conversations and activities. With stunning visuals and adult content, “Booty Calls” has captured the attention of players looking for a mix of storytelling and sensuality.
**3. "Sakura Dungeon”: **
Embark on an epic adventure in this dungeon-crawling RPG game where players navigate challenging mazes, battle enemies, and encounter captivating characters. With a blend of gameplay elements and adult content, “Sakura Dungeon” offers a unique and immersive experience for fans of fantasy and sensuality.
**4. "Cunt Wars”: **
This strategy game combines card battles and adult content, allowing players to collect and upgrade characters, build their deck, and engage in strategic battles to conquer opponents. With a mix of gameplay mechanics and adult themes, “Cunt Wars” provides a thrilling and addictive experience for adult gamers.
**5. "Kamihime Project R”:**
Enter a world of magic and adventure in this turn-based RPG game where players collect and train powerful heroines, battle evil forces, and uncover a rich storyline. With stunning visuals, engaging gameplay, and adult content, “Kamihime Project R” offers a captivating and immersive experience for fans of fantasy and erotica.
These [mobile hentai games](https://gamcore.com/mobile) have been popular choices for players seeking adult-themed content and immersive gaming experiences. While I can’t predict the specific hottest mobile hentai games of 2024, these titles have demonstrated staying power and may continue to be popular in the coming years.
| vsprovider_5529dc404 | |
1,876,285 | Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment: Advancing Manufacturing Capabilities | Advancing Your Capability which will make Stuff Better Do you want to bring your manufacturing... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:02:38 | https://dev.to/darlene_ballardg_27f941ff/shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-advancing-manufacturing-capabilities-2l3p | design, product | Advancing Your Capability which will make Stuff Better
Do you want to bring your manufacturing capabilities to a complete level that is new? Take a look at Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment. Our products that are innovative numerous advantages that produce manufacturing safer, easier, and much more efficient. Listed here is why should you choose Lihao
1. Innovation
Lihao is consistently pushing the boundaries of what exactly is possible. All of us of experts is aimed at finding new and creative techniques to improve processes that are manufacturing. We utilize the most technology coil cutting machine that is advanced almost every product we create, making sure you have the essential advanced options available
2. Safety
Our priority that is main is that both you and your team are safe when using our equipment. Every Lihao product was created with safety at heart. We perform rigorous testing to make sure that our machines meet or exceed safety standards. You can easily trust that your team that is particular should protected, it doesn't matter what types of manufacturing operation you may be running
3. Use
We understand that manufacturing may be a process that is complex so in retrospect we make our equipment roll feeder machine as simple to utilize as you are able to. Our designs that are user-friendly that one may quickly train operators that are new. You are going to save your time on training, therefore you could possibly get your merchandise to advertise faster
4. How to utilize
Using our equipment is not difficult. We offer clear instructions with every product, and that means you'll know precisely what you should do. We also offer video lessons as well as other resources to acquire the most from your equipment. Should anyone ever have questions or need assistance, all of us of experts is often thrilled to help
5. Service and Quality
Lihao is invested in providing customer care that is excellent. We stand behind every product we make, and we also're always here to assist. Should anyone ever have a concern or need assistance, just write to us. We also prioritize the standard of our products, making sure they meet or exceed your expectations
6. Application
You could be wondering if Lihao equipment is suitable for your needs that are specific are manufacturing. The answer that is clear virtually certainly yes. You can expect an array of products which are suited to a complete lot of different applications. We now have options which can help you streamline your manufacturing process whether you are producing press feeding line electronics, automobiles, or another thing entirely
| darlene_ballardg_27f941ff |
1,876,284 | What is difference between functional and non functional testing ? | Functional testing and non-functional testing are two fundamental approaches used in software... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:01:56 | https://dev.to/nandhini_manikandan_/what-is-difference-between-functional-and-non-functional-testing--37kf | Functional testing and non-functional testing are two fundamental approaches used in software testing, each serving distinct purposes in ensuring the quality and reliability of software systems.
**Functional Testing**:
Functional testing primarily focuses on verifying that the software functions as expected according to its specifications. It ensures that the software meets the functional requirements outlined in the design and functional specification documents. This type of testing evaluates what the system does and whether it does what it's supposed to do.
**Examples**:
1. **Unit Testing**: This is a type of functional testing where individual units or components of the software are tested in isolation. For instance, in a banking application, a unit test might verify that the function responsible for transferring funds between accounts works correctly.
2. **Integration Testing**: Integration testing ensures that individual software modules work together as intended. For example, in an e-commerce platform, integration testing might validate that the product catalog module integrates seamlessly with the payment processing module.
3. **System Testing**: This involves testing the entire system as a whole to ensure that all components work together as expected. For instance, in a healthcare management system, system testing would verify that patient records are correctly created, updated, and retrieved across different modules.
**Non-Functional Testing**:
Non-functional testing evaluates the performance aspects of a system, such as its reliability, scalability, usability, and security. Unlike functional testing, which focuses on what the system does, non-functional testing assesses how well the system performs under various conditions.
**Examples**:
1. **Performance Testing**: This type of testing evaluates how the system performs under different load conditions. For instance, load testing determines how the system behaves when subjected to normal, peak, and overload conditions, ensuring it can handle the expected number of users without degradation in performance.
2. **Usability Testing**: Usability testing assesses the ease of use and user-friendliness of the software. For example, in a mobile banking application, usability testing might involve evaluating the intuitiveness of the user interface, the clarity of instructions, and the efficiency of completing common tasks like transferring funds or checking account balances.
3. **Security Testing**: Security testing identifies vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the software's security mechanisms. For instance, penetration testing involves simulating cyber-attacks to identify potential entry points for hackers and ensure that sensitive data is adequately protected.
4. **Reliability Testing**: Reliability testing assesses the stability and robustness of the software under normal and abnormal conditions. For example, in an online reservation system, reliability testing might involve verifying that the system can handle unexpected errors gracefully without crashing or losing data.
5. **Scalability Testing**: Scalability testing evaluates how well the system can handle increasing loads by adding resources such as users, transactions, or data volume. For instance, in a social media platform, scalability testing might determine how the system responds as the number of active users grows over time.
In summary, while functional testing focuses on verifying what the software does according to its specifications, non-functional testing assesses how well the software performs in terms of various quality attributes such as performance, usability, security, reliability, and scalability. Both types of testing are essential for ensuring the overall quality and reliability of software systems. | nandhini_manikandan_ | |
1,876,283 | Exploring the Global Reach of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment | Discovering the Worldwide Get to of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Tools... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:00:34 | https://dev.to/darlene_ballardg_27f941ff/exploring-the-global-reach-of-shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-1gnf | design, product | Discovering the Worldwide Get to of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Tools is actually a business that focuses on producing top quality equipment. Their items are utilized in lots of industries, like furnishings, electronic devices, as well as vehicles. This business is actually understood for its own development, high top premium, as well as security. we'll check out the worldwide get to of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices, as well as why this business is actually a trustworthy resource for your machinery requirements
Benefits of Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Among the benefits of Shenzhen Lihao roll feeder machine Devices is actually its dedication towards utilizing ingenious innovation. The business has actually purchased r & d towards produce advanced equipment that can easily accommodate different markets. This development has actually led to devices that are actually effective, easy to use, as well as can easily create top quality items
Another benefit of this particular company is actually its own concentrate on safety and security. Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices has actually a group of professionals that guarantees each device is actually evaluated carefully for security as well as dependability This dedication has actually made the company a credibility as a reliable service company of equipment that fulfills security requirements
Development in Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Equipment's technology appears in its own machines. The business invests a considerable amount of sources in r & d towards produce ingenious devices that can easily accommodate various markets. For instance, the business has actually designed devices that can easily create household home furniture, electronic devices, automotive components, as well as other items with accuracy as well as effectiveness
The company's equipment is actually likewise easy to use. Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices has actually developed its own devices along with user friendly manages that create it simple stamping mould for drivers towards manage. This style leads to devices that are actually risk-free as well as effective, as employees can easily manage all of them easily
Security in Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Security is actually a leading concern for Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices. The business is actually dedicated towards guaranteeing that each device goes through extensive screening towards satisfy security requirements. The business has actually purchased innovation as well as proficiency towards ensure that each device is actually risk-free as well as dependable
Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Equipment's dedication towards security has made the provider awards. The provider was acknowledged for its own initiatives in producing dependable equipment that satisfies market requirements. Because of this, the business is actually a suitable resource for equipment that advertises security in the work environment
The Use Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Equipment's machinery could be utilized in different markets. The business has actually designed devices that could be utilized towards produce furnishings, electronic devices, as well as vehicle components, among others. The equipment is actually effective, reliable, as well as creates high-quality items
Ways to Utilize Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment's equipment is actually developed to be easy to use. The company has actually helped make its own devices along with user friendly manages that create it simple for drivers towards manage all of them. The manages are actually identified plainly, as well as drivers can easily effortlessly comply with the guidelines towards create top quality items
Solution coming from Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Equipment Devices offers excellent solution towards its own clients. The business has a group of professionals that are actually devoted to assisting customers along with their equipment requirements. The group can easily deal guidance on the appropriate use slitting machine equipment as well as assist customers determine the greatest devices for their needs
The business likewise supplies post-sales sustain to its own clients. Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment's team can easily help customers along with fixing issues as well as responding to concerns around their equipment This degree of service guarantees that customers obtain one of the absolute most away from the equipment they buy from the business
Quality of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Devices is actually popular for its own quality equipment. The company invests in modern technology as well as proficiency towards produce devices that create top quality items. The equipment is actually dependable, risk-free, as well as effective, which is actually why the company's items have actually made a credibility as some of the very best on the market
Application of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Devices
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment's equipment could be applied in different markets. The provider has actually developed devices that can easily create furnishings, electronic devices, vehicle components, as well as various other items that need accuracy as well as effectiveness. The company's development has led to equipment that's versatile, effective, and also trustworthy, creating it perfect for lots of markets.
| darlene_ballardg_27f941ff |
1,876,282 | How to Create a Weather App: A Step-by-Step Guide | Project:- 4/500 Weather App Project LiveRun Description This is a simple... | 27,575 | 2024-06-04T07:00:27 | https://dev.to/raajaryan/how-to-create-a-weather-app-a-step-by-step-guide-1apf | javascript, beginners, opensource, react | ### Project:- 4/500 Weather App Project [LiveRun](https://deepakkumar55.github.io/ULTIMATE-JAVASCRIPT-PROJECT/Basic%20Projects/3-weather_app)
## Description
This is a simple weather app that allows users to get current weather information for any location. The app uses an external weather API to fetch real-time weather data and displays it in a user-friendly interface. This project is ideal for learning how to work with APIs and building interactive web applications using JavaScript, HTML, and CSS.
## Features
- **Real-time Weather Data**: Fetch and display current weather information for any location.
- **Search Functionality**: Allow users to search for weather information by city name.
- **Responsive Design**: Ensure the app works well on various devices, including mobile phones and tablets.
## Technologies Used
- **JavaScript**: For fetching data from the weather API and updating the DOM.
- **HTML**: For structuring the app's interface.
- **CSS**: For styling the app and making it responsive.
## Setup
Follow these steps to set up and run the project on your local machine:
1. **Clone the repository**:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/deepakkumar55/ULTIMATE-JAVASCRIPT-PROJECT.git
```
2. **Navigate to the project directory**:
```bash
cd Basic Projects/3-weather_app
```
3. **Open `index.html` in your web browser**:
You can open the `index.html` file directly in your web browser by double-clicking on it or by using a live server extension in your code editor (like Live Server for VSCode).
4. **Obtain an API Key**:
Sign up for a free API key from a weather service provider, such as OpenWeatherMap.
5. **Add Your API Key**:
Update the JavaScript file with your API key in the appropriate place.
## Contribution
We welcome contributions to enhance the functionality and design of the weather app. Follow these steps to contribute:
1. **Fork the repository**: Click on the 'Fork' button at the top right corner of the repository page.
2. **Clone the forked repository**:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/deepakkumar55/ULTIMATE-JAVASCRIPT-PROJECT.git
```
3. **Create a new branch**: Make sure your fork is up-to-date with the latest changes.
```bash
git checkout -b feature-yourfeature
```
4. **Make your changes**: Implement your new feature or bug fix.
5. **Commit your changes**:
```bash
git add .
git commit -m "Description of your changes"
```
6. **Push to your branch**:
```bash
git push origin feature-yourfeature
```
7. **Open a Pull Request**: Navigate to the original repository and open a pull request from your forked repository. Provide a detailed description of your changes and any relevant information.
## Get in Touch
If you have any questions or need further assistance, feel free to open an issue on GitHub or contact us directly. Your contributions and feedback are highly appreciated!
---
Thank you for your interest in the Weather App project. Together, we can build a more robust and feature-rich application. Happy coding! | raajaryan |
1,863,374 | Level Up Your Contribution Guidelines | Gamification and Insights with Vaunt Table of contents 1. Codify... | 0 | 2024-06-04T07:00:00 | https://blog.vaunt.dev/level-up-your-contribution-guidelines | opensource, github, productivity, startup | ## Gamification and Insights with Vaunt
---
## Table of contents
- [1. Codify Contributing Guidelines](#1-codify-contributing-guidelines)
- [2. Track Contribution Activity](#2-track-contribution-activity)
- [3. Foster a Collaborative Community with Gamification](#3-foster-a-collaborative-community-with-gamification)
- [Real-World Example: Codifying Our Own Contributing.md File](#real-world-example-codifying-our-own-contributingmd-file)
- [Creating Achievement](#creating-achievement)
- [Automatic Badge Awards](#automatic-badge-awards)
- [Community Boards](#community-boards)
---
Tech writers are the unsung heroes of open-source projects, meticulously crafting the roadmaps that guide contributions toward success. The creation of contributing guidelines is just the beginning; the true challenge lies in ensuring that these carefully curated instructions are followed. How can tech writers confirm that developers are adhering to the guidelines they’ve so thoughtfully composed?
Enter Vaunt, the beacon for tech writers in the open-source sea. Vaunt breathes life into static contributing.md files, transforming them into dynamic, interactive, and trackable components of open-source projects. With Vaunt, tech writers have a robust solution at their fingertips to codify their contribution guidelines and gain valuable insights into developer behavior through gamification elements. Let’s delve into how Vaunt revolutionizes the way we think about contribution guidelines.
## 1\. Codify Contributing Guidelines
Vaunt enables you to transform your contributing.md file into a structured, interactive format. Instead of static text, you can:
* **Create clear steps:** Break down contribution processes into clear, actionable steps that developers can easily follow.
* **Define contribution types:** Differentiate various types of contributions, such as bug fixes, feature enhancements, and documentation improvements.
* **Set expectations:** Clearly outline the expectations for code quality, formatting, and testing procedures.
This codified format makes your contributing guidelines more user-friendly and ensures that developers have a clear understanding of what’s required.
## 2\. Track Contribution Activity
Vaunt goes beyond simply presenting the guidelines. It actively tracks how developers interact with them, incorporating gamification elements to enhance engagement so you can:
* **Identify common issues:** Analyze developer activity to see which parts of the contributing guidelines are frequently overlooked or misunderstood.
* **Monitor contribution types:** Gain insights into the types of contributions developers are making, allowing you to identify areas that need more focus or support.
By analyzing this data, tech writers can:
* **Refine contributing guidelines:** Identify areas for improvement and update the guidelines to address common issues or confusion.
* **Provide targeted support:** Focus their efforts on areas where developers need more guidance or clarification.
* **Demonstrate the impact of their work:** Showcase the value of clear contributing guidelines in ensuring project quality and efficiency.
## 3\. Foster a Collaborative Community with Gamification
Vaunt fosters a collaborative environment by:
* **Encouraging open communication:** Developers can easily ask questions and clarify doubts directly within the codified guidelines, promoting open communication with maintainers.
* **Providing recognition:** Vaunt allows you to create custom badges to recognize developers for their diligence in following the Contributing.md file.
* **Gamification elements:** Vaunt incorporates additional gamification elements, such as leaderboards, points systems, and community boards, to further incentivize participation and make contributing a more engaging experience.
## Real-World Example: Codifying Our Own Contributing.md File
Here’s an example of how we codified our contributing.md file using Vaunt:
## Creating Achievement
First, we utilized [Contributing.md generator](https://generator.contributing.md/) to start our documentation—but we didn’t stop there. Next, we customized the documentation, codifying our [contributing.md file](https://github.com/VauntDev/tqla/blob/main/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md#earn-badges) by adding these three achievements:
**Star the Repo 🌟**
Earn the Mas Tqla badge by starring Tqla. It’s a simple yet powerful way to support our project.
**Report a Bug 🐛**
Spot a bug? Add a bug label to your issue report. Once confirmed, you’ll be awarded the Bug Hunter badge as a thank you for keeping Tqla robust.
**Suggest an Enhancement ⚡**
Have a feature in mind? Label your enhancement suggestion with enhancement. If we implement it, you’ll receive the Innovator badge for your visionary input.
## Automatic Badge Awards
Secondly, we configure Vaunt achievements to track your impact and award developers’ contributions. Our system automatically awards developers who reach those achievements.
```yaml
version: 0.0.1
achievements:
- achievement:
name: Mas Tqla!
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/VauntDev/tqla/main/.vaunt/mas_tqla.png
description: uno mas, dba..., one more, mas tqla!
triggers:
- trigger:
actor: author
action: star
condition: starred = true
- achievement:
name: Tqla Honey Bee
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/VauntDev/tqla/main/.vaunt/tqla_honey_bee.png
description: We bee-lieve in you! This achievement celebrates your first bug report, helping make Tqla sweeter than ever.
triggers:
- trigger:
actor: author
action: issue
condition: labels in ['bug'] & reactors in ['elewis787', 'jeff10110322', 'simonmazzaroth']
- achievement:
name: Mojito Tqla
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/VauntDev/tqla/main/.vaunt/mojito_tqla.png
description: Your enhancement's a delight! Thanks for making Tqla even brighter than night.
triggers:
- trigger:
actor: author
action: issue
condition: labels in ['enhancement'] & reactors in ['elewis787', 'jeff10110322', 'simonmazzaroth']
```
The above example can be found in our [TQLA repository](https://github.com/VauntDev/tqla/blob/main/.vaunt/config.yaml). You can also learn more about how to set up your own [achievements](https://blog.vaunt.dev/vauntdev-blasts-off#heading-custom-achievements).
## Community Boards
Third, we utilize [Vaunt Community Boards](https://blog.vaunt.dev/community-boards) to provide community statistics, repository insights, and a view into repository achievements.
Vaunt Community Boards provide a powerful platform for:
* **Tracking project growth:** Monitor key metrics like commits, issues closed, and stars to gauge the overall health and popularity of your open-source project.
* **Identifying community trends:** Gain insights into developer behavior and contribution patterns to understand how your community is evolving.
* **Showcasing individual contributions:** Recognize and celebrate the contributions of individual developers and teams through achievements and leaderboards.
[](https://community.vaunt.dev/board/VauntDev/repository/tqla)
[https://community.vaunt.dev/board/VauntDev/repository/tqla](https://community.vaunt.dev/board/VauntDev/repository/tqla)
In a nutshell, Vaunt is revolutionizing the way tech writers support and interact with open-source communities. By turning static guidelines into dynamic tools for collaboration, encouraging engagement through gamification, and providing a platform for recognition, Vaunt ensures that the expertise of tech writers doesn’t just inform—it also inspires and transforms. Dive into the future of open-source contribution with Vaunt, where every guideline is a gateway to greater impact and every contribution is an opportunity for celebration.
[Sign up for Vaunt today](https://github.com/marketplace/vaunt-dev) and shine a spotlight on your developer contributions!
To stay in the loop on future developments, follow us on [X](https://twitter.com/VauntDev) or join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/mn29Xkvry2)! And don’t hesitate to make feature requests. | vauntdev |
1,876,281 | C# Attributes In Practice — Building A Payment Terminal | Attributes act as markers in the .NET platform. It is with their use that it is possible to write... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:59:31 | https://dev.to/turalsuleymani/c-attributes-in-practice-building-a-payment-terminal-2ofa | Attributes act as markers in the .NET platform. It is with their use that it is possible to write aspect-oriented business processes. Attributes are one of the most successful practices of Aspect Oriented Programming.
In this article and the next few articles, we will try to describe Attributes practically. Attributes write additional information to the metadata. By reading those data with reflection, it is possible to form logic in the program, thereby performing several operations. One thing to remember about attributes is that it works with reflection. Validation, authorization, authentication, role system, the definition of contracts, etc. on the .NET platform. such processes can be done through attributes. In one of our previous lessons, we developed a dynamic provider system by applying interface and reflection (link here). We’ll rewrite that system using attributes instead of interfaces.
The description of our technical task is as follows: We need to develop a payment terminal for our company. The basic code structure of that payment terminal is already written. As new providers are added, we need to be able to dynamically add providers to the application without making any changes to the underlying code structure. That is, when a new provider is written, we should not enter and change the code of the main program. Each of the providers will be in .dll format and will be placed in a separate folder (the libs folder in our example) after being written. The program should read these DLLs from that folder and build a provider corresponding to each DLL on the screen.
First, we create a new solution and create 4 projects there. 1 of the project will be WinForm(MainApplicationUI), and the other 3 will be DLLs(class library).
(You can download the project from here.)
All application logic will be centralized in the ProviderProtocol.DLL. All other projects must keep a reference to that DLL. Here, the main application (MainApplicationUI) and providers (AzercellProject, MegaSigortaProject) communication contract is given through attributes.
The ProviderProtocol DLL holds 2 attributes. With ProviderNameAttribute we will specify the name of each provider, while ProviderOperationAttribute stores the event that will occur in the graphical interface and its implementation.
By writing the ProviderNameAttribute to each provider, we specify the name under which that provider will appear in the UI.
```
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ProviderProtocol {
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class, Inherited = false, AllowMultiple = false)]
public sealed class ProviderNameAttribute: Attribute {
public string ProviderName {
get;
private set;
}
public ProviderNameAttribute(string providerName) {
ProviderName = providerName;
}
}
}
```
With **ProviderOperationAttribute**, we show what action will happen when each provider is clicked or double-clicked. We have also created a separate enum for the type of operation.
```
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ProviderProtocol {
public enum EventType {
Click,
DblClick,
MouseMove
}
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = false, AllowMultiple = false)]
public sealed class ProviderOperationAttribute: Attribute {
public EventType EventType {
get;
private set;
}
// This is a positional argument
public ProviderOperationAttribute(EventType eventType) {
EventType = eventType;
}
}
}
```
The code inside **AzercellProject **is very simple. Here we have just marked our class with the necessary attributes.
```
using ProviderProtocol;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace AzercellProject {
[ProviderName("Azercell")]
public class AzercellProvider {
[ProviderOperation(EventType.Click)]
public void OnButtonClicked() {
//implementation simplified for learning..
MessageBox.Show("This is Azercell provider");
}
}
}
```
The Mega Insurance project is also in the same form. The goal is simply to emulate the operation. Once the template is ready, you can write more elaborate business processes.
```
using ProviderProtocol;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace AzercellProject {
[ProviderName("MegaSigorta")]
public class MegaSigortaProvider {
[ProviderOperation(EventType.Click)]
public void OnButtonClicked() {
//implementation simplified for learning..
MessageBox.Show("This is Mega Sigorta provider");
}
}
}
```
After our DLLs are ready, we build the general project and drop the received DLLs into the libs folder in the MainApplicationUI project.
And MainApplicationUI reads all the DLLs in the libs folder and applies reflection to them. It Checks if the classes and their methods in those DLLs implement the ProviderNameAttribute and ProviderOperationAttribute attributes. If the class implements the ProviderNameAttribute attribute, it creates a button on the interface with that name. If any method of the class has implemented the ProviderOperationAttribute attribute, then it binds that method to the corresponding event and activates it.
```
namespace MainApplicationUI {
public partial class MainForm: Form {
ProviderVisualizer _providerVisualizer;
public MainForm() {
InitializeComponent();
_providerVisualizer = new ProviderVisualizer(grbx_providers);
}
private void MainForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) {
//get path to libs folder
string libsPath = ApplicationPath.PathTo("libs");
_providerVisualizer.LoadFrom(libsPath);
}
}
}
```
As you can see, the main processes are concentrated in the **ProviderVisualizer** class. Let’s look at the internal code of that class. The main job of ProviderVisualizer is to find DLLs and add them to the system in a provider way.
```
namespace MainApplicationUI.Core {
public class ProviderVisualizer {
private readonly Control _control;
private int _locationX;
private int _locationY;
public ProviderVisualizer(Control control) {
_control = control;
InitializeDefaultParams();
}
public void ClearProviders() {
_control.Controls.Clear();
InitializeDefaultParams();
}
private void InitializeDefaultParams() {
_locationX = 20;
_locationY = 34;
}
public void AddProvider(string providerName, Action operation, EventType eventType) {
Button button = new Button {
Text = providerName,
Size = new Size(150, 100),
Location = new Point(_locationX, _locationY)
};
if (eventType == EventType.Click) {
button.Click += (sndr, args) => {
operation();
};
} else
if (eventType == EventType.DblClick) {
button.DoubleClick += (sndr, args) => {
operation();
};
}
_locationX += 150;
_control.Controls.Add(button);
}
public void LoadFrom(string path) {
//get path to libs folder
string libsPath = path;
//get only DLL files
string[] providers = Directory.GetFiles(libsPath, "*.dll");
//for simplicity excaped LINQ query...
//for every provider ....
foreach(string provider in providers) {
//load it into application RAM..
Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(provider);
//get all types in assembly
Type[] assemblyTypes = assembly.GetTypes();
foreach(Type assemblyType in assemblyTypes) {
//get provider name
ProviderNameAttribute providerNameAttr = (ProviderNameAttribute) assemblyType.GetCustomAttribute(typeof(ProviderNameAttribute));
// get the method
var method = assemblyType.GetMethods().Where(x => x.GetCustomAttribute(typeof(ProviderOperationAttribute)) != null).FirstOrDefault();
//if provider name and method exist
if (providerNameAttr != null && method != null) {
//create object of the class
object instance = Activator.CreateInstance(assemblyType);
//provider operation for eventType
var providerOperationAttr = method.GetCustomAttribute < ProviderOperationAttribute > ();
this.AddProvider(providerNameAttr.ProviderName, () => {
method.Invoke(instance, null);
}, providerOperationAttr.EventType);
}
}
}
}
}
}
```
Now, after building the project, we drop both providers into the libs folder of the main app and when we run the app, we see both providers appear in the UI.
You can download the project from [here](https://github.com/TuralSuleymani/AttributesInPractice).
**Want to dive deeper?**
Regularly, I share my senior-level expertise on my **[TuralSuleymaniTech](https://www.youtube.com/@TuralSuleymaniTech)** YouTube channel, breaking down complex topics like .NET, Microservices, Apache Kafka, Javascript, Software Design, Node.js, and more into easy-to-understand explanations. Join us and level up your skills! | turalsuleymani | |
1,876,277 | what is manual testing, Benefits and drawbacks of manual testing? | MANUAL TESTING: Manual testing is a software testing process in which test cases are executed... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:55:54 | https://dev.to/gokila_selvaraj_8a3278587/what-is-manual-testing-benefits-and-drawbacks-of-manual-testing-g3h | MANUAL TESTING:
1. Manual testing is a software testing process in which test cases are executed manually without using any automated tool. All test cases are executed by the tester manually according to the end user's perspective. It ensures whether the application is working, as mentioned in the requirement document or not. Test cases are planned and implemented to complete almost 100 percent of the software application. Test case reports are also generated manually.
2. Manual Testing is one of the most fundamental testing processes as it can find both visible and hidden defects of the software. The difference between the expected output and the output, given by the software, is defined as a defect. The developer fixed the defects and handed it to the tester for retesting.
3. Manual testing is mandatory for every newly developed software before automated testing. This testing requires great effort and time, but it gives the surety of bug-free software. Manual Testing requires knowledge of manual testing techniques but not of any automated testing tool.
WHY WE NEED MANUAL TESTING:
Whenever an application comes into the market, and it is unstable or has a bug or issues or creates a problem while end-users are using it.
If we don't want to face these kinds of problems, we need to perform one round of testing to make the application bug-free and stable and deliver a quality product to the client, because if the application is bug-free, the end-user will use the application more conveniently.
If the test engineer does manual testing, he/she can test the application from an end-user perspective and get more familiar with the product, which helps them to write the correct test cases of the application and give quick feedback on the application.
TYPES OF MANUAL TESTING:
White Box Testing
Black Box Testing
Gray Box Testing
WHITE BOX TESTING:
The white box testing is done by the Developer, who checks every line of code before giving it to the Test Engineer. Since the code is visible to the Developer during the testing, that's why it is also known as White box testing.
BLACK BOX TESTING:
The black box testing is done by the Test Engineer, who can check the functionality of an application or the software according to the customer /client's needs. In this, the code is not visible while performing the testing; that's why it is known as black-box testing.
GRAY BOX TESTING:
Gray box testing is a combination of white box and Black box testing. It can be performed by a person who knew both coding and testing. And if a single person performs white box, as well as black-box testing for the application, is known as Gray box testing.
ADVANTAGE OF MANUAL TESTING:
1. It does not require programming knowledge while using the Black box
method.
2. It is used to test dynamically changing GUI designs.
3. Tester interacts with software as a real user so that they can
discover usability and user interface issues.
4. It ensures that the software is a hundred percent bug-free.
5. It is cost-effective.
6. Easy to learn for new testers.
DISADVANTAGE OF MANUAL TESTING:
1. It requires a large number of human resources.
2. It is very time-consuming.
3. Tester develops test cases based on their skills and experience. There is no evidence that they have covered all functions or not.
4. Test cases cannot be used again. Need to develop separate test cases for each new software.
5. It does not provide testing on all aspects of testing.
6. Since two teams work together, sometimes it is difficult to understand each other's motives, which can mislead the process.
EXAMPLES:
1. Jira
2. Bugzilla
3. Mantis
4. ZapNUnit
5. Tessy
6. LoadRunner
7. Citrus
8. SonarQube
| gokila_selvaraj_8a3278587 | |
1,876,276 | Articles publishing Request and link insertion | Hey Ever wondered what one killer backlink strategy could do for your website's success? Ready for... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:55:09 | https://dev.to/affanali_offpageseo_a5ec6/articles-publishing-request-and-link-insertion-5aja | home | Hey
Ever wondered what one killer backlink strategy could do for your website's success?
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Could we grab a quick 5-10 minutes to email OR WhatsApp chat?
I'd love to explore how we can sprinkle some of our magic on your SEO journey.
We are waiting to Work with you ! | affanali_offpageseo_a5ec6 |
1,875,257 | Zamanlanmış Görevler Politikası | Liman MYS'de Zamanlanmış Görevler Politikası Nasıl Uygulanır Zamanlanmış görevler,belirli... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:53:20 | https://dev.to/aciklab/zamanlanmis-gorevler-politikasi-1gik | kaptan, tayfa, liman, linux | # Liman MYS'de Zamanlanmış Görevler Politikası Nasıl Uygulanır
Zamanlanmış görevler,belirli bir zaman diliminde otomatik olarak gerçekleştirilen komutlar veya işlemler olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu görevlerin her biri için belirlenen politika değerleri, bu görevlerin ne zaman ve nasıl yürütüleceğini belirler.
**Domain** Eklentimiz ile karşımıza çıkan ekrandan **Nesne Ekle **butonuna tıkladığımızda bizi karşılayan seçim ekranından tip bölümünü **Politika** seçerek politikamıza isim vererek **Ekle** butonuna bastığımızda politikamız eklenmiş olacaktır.
Politikaları görüntülediğimizde eklediğimiz politikayı görebiliriz.
**NOT:** Politikanızı nerede oluşturmak istiyorsanız o bölümün üstüne tıkladıktan sonra nesne oluşturma işleminizi yapınız.
# Politika Ayarları
## Politika Değerleri
Oluşturduğumuz politikayı açtığımızda karşılaştığımız başlıklar:
**Detaylar:** Politikamızın adı, oluşturma tarihi, versiyonu, ID bilgisi gibi temel bilgiler bizi karşılamaktadır.
**Uygulanan Politikalar: ** Makine ve Kullanıcı bazında uygulanan politikalar sergilenmektedir.
**Kullanıcı:** Kullanıcı bazında politikaları yönetebileceğimiz alan bu kısımda yer almaktadır.
**Makine:** Makine bazında politikaları yönetebileceğimiz alan bu kısımda yer almaktadır.
**Filtreleme:** Oluşturduğumuz politikamızın hangi kullanıcılarda veya gruplar uygulanmasını ya da uygulanmamasını seçebildiğimiz alandır.
**Zamanlanmış Görevler** politikası oluşturmak için de şu adımları izleyebiliriz:
**Zamanlanmış Görevler** politika ekranı şu şekildedir:
- **Komut**
**Açıklama:** Bu alan, zamanlanmış görevin çalıştıracağı komutu veya işlemi belirler.
**Örnek:** backup.sh gibi bir yedekleme scripti.
- **Dakika Değeri**
**Açıklama:** Görevin hangi dakikada çalışacağını belirtir. **0-59 **arasında bir değer alabilir.
**Örnek:** 15 değeri, görevin her saat 15. dakikasında çalıştırılacağını ifade eder.
- **Saat Değeri**
**Açıklama:** Görevin hangi saatte çalışacağını belirtir. **0-23 **arasında bir değer alabilir.
**Örnek:** 3 değeri, görevin her gün saat 03:00'te çalıştırılacağını ifade eder.
- **Ayın Günü**
**Açıklama:** Görevin ayın hangi gününde çalışacağını belirtir. **1-31** arasında bir değer alabilir.
**Örnek:** 1 değeri, görevin her ayın 1. gününde çalıştırılacağını ifade eder.
- **Ay Değeri**
**Açıklama:** Görevin hangi ayda çalışacağını belirtir. **1-12** arasında bir değer alabilir.
**Örnek:** 12 değeri, görevin Aralık ayında çalıştırılacağını ifade eder.
- **Haftanın Günü**
**Açıklama:** Görevin haftanın hangi gününde çalışacağını belirtir. **0-6** arasında bir değer alabilir.
**Örnek:** 5 değeri, görevin Cuma günü çalıştırılacağını ifade eder.
- Bu girdiler, **crontab** standartlarına uygun oalrak zamanlanmış görevlerinizi tanımlamak için kullanılır.
# Politika Çalışması ve Kontrolü
**Zamanlanmış Görevler** politikası ile oluşturacağımız senaryolar Pardus 23 üzerinde test edilmiştir.
Bu senaryoda **test.log** dosyasına belirlediğimiz tarih ve saatte **date** yazdırmış oluyoruz. Siz kendi senaryonuzu yaratabilirsiniz.
| Komut | Dakika Değeri | Saat Değeri | Ayın Günü | Ay Değeri | Haftanın Günü |
|---------------------------------|---------------|-------------|-----------|-----------|---------------|
| echo "$(date)" >> /tmp/test.log | 14 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 1 |
Sonrasında grubumuzun üyesi olan kullanıcı ile giriş yaptığımız Pardus makinamız üzerinde **gpupdate -v** komutu ile politikamızı tetikliyoruz.
test.log dosyasımızı kontrol sağladığımızda politikamızın çalıştığını doğrulayabiliriz.
| yarensari |
1,876,272 | Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment: Innovating for Tomorrow's Challenges | screenshot-1717219862051.png Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment: Building for the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:52:24 | https://dev.to/darlene_ballardg_27f941ff/shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-innovating-for-tomorrows-challenges-5gjf | design, product |
screenshot-1717219862051.png
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment: Building for the future
Introduction
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is a company that specializes in the design, development, and production of industrial automation roll feeder machine. They are dedicated to providing their customers with innovative solutions that improve safety, quality, and efficiency while also ensuring high levels of customer satisfaction.
Benefits
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery gear products has advantages being several its competitors
First, they've a grouping like little of designers that might be specialists that are skilled work relentlessly to build up cutting-edge solutions that cater to the particular needs with this consumers
Second, they typically just utilize materials being top-quality components of their products or services, which ensures longevity and reliability
Finally, they function competitive prices, making their products or solutions available to a myriad of customers
Innovation
Innovation have reached the core of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery gear's philosophy
Their group of designers and specialists are constantly researching, brainstorming, and experimenting with brand-new and technologies which are growing procedures in order to make things that aren't simply efficient and in addition eco-friendly
Additionally it works closely with their consumers to learn their challenges which are extremely demands that are own letting them develop solutions that are personalized meet their demands
Protection
Safety is actually an issue like Shenzhen Lihao Machinery like gear like top
Their things are manufactured and beautifully made with safety in your mind
They undergo rigorous evaluation and inspections to ensure that they meet all safety demands and laws
Also, the ongoing company provides training like support like considerable their customers to ensure which they learn how to make use of their products or services or services precisely
Provider
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery gear is dedicated to customer like providing like excellent
They've a united band of trained specialists who can be acquired to aid consumers with any dilemmas or dilemmas they could have
More over, the continuing business like ongoing upkeep and repair solutions to ensure that their slitting machine products or services or solutions or solutions continue to work at top performance
Quality
Quality is actually a concern like Shenzhen Lihao Machinery like gear like high
They ordinarily utilize this is the item quality materials being greatest and elements of the items to create longevity like reliability like sure
Also, their products undergo strict quality control procedures to be sure they meet the greatest requirements of satisfaction and quality
Application
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery gear's items are ideal for a variety of applications
They are often utilized to put together, test, and examine elements, in addition to to carry out and transport materials
Their products or services have become customizable, permitting them be tailored to meet up using the complete requirements of a organizations being few
Conclusion
In conclusion, Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is a company that is dedicated to providing innovative solutions to meet the challenges of the coil handling equipment future. They offer a range of products and services that are designed to improve safety, quality, and efficiency while also ensuring high levels of customer satisfaction. With their commitment to innovation, safety, and quality, Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is well-positioned to remain a leader in the industrial automation industry for years to come.
| darlene_ballardg_27f941ff |
1,876,271 | Napa Valley Wine Academy | Whether you’re looking to advance in your career with a WSET certification or just be more confident... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:52:00 | https://dev.to/napavalleywineacadem/napa-valley-wine-academy-16fl | Whether you’re looking to advance in your career with a WSET certification or just be more confident in the wine aisle, we offer the instruction and support you need to achieve your wine education goals. [](https://napavalleywineacademy.com/
 | napavalleywineacadem | |
1,876,270 | Brown Kitchen Cabinets: The Perfect Impersonation of Natural Wood | The kitchen is the heart of the home, and the choice of cabinetry plays a crucial role in defining... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:49:53 | https://dev.to/fjji/brown-kitchen-cabinets-the-perfect-impersonation-of-natural-wood-l7n | The kitchen is the heart of the home, and the choice of cabinetry plays a crucial role in defining its aesthetic and functional qualities. Among the various options available, [brown kitchen cabinets ](https://www.kitchencabinetdesign.us/kitchen-cabinets/color/brown-cabinets/)stand out as a timeless and versatile choice. Our premium brown kitchen cabinets offer the closest "impersonation" of natural wood, bringing warmth, elegance, and a touch of nature into your culinary space. Here’s why brown kitchen cabinets are an excellent choice and how they can transform your kitchen.
The Appeal of Brown Kitchen Cabinets
Natural Wood Impersonation
Our premium brown kitchen cabinets are crafted to perfectly mimic the look and feel of natural wood. The rich, earthy tones and intricate grain patterns provide a warm and inviting ambiance that enhances the overall aesthetic of your kitchen. This natural wood impersonation not only adds a touch of elegance but also creates a cozy and welcoming environment.
Timeless Elegance
Brown kitchen cabinets are a timeless choice that never goes out of style. The classic appeal of brown tones can complement a variety of design styles, from traditional to modern. Whether you prefer a rustic farmhouse look or a sleek contemporary design, brown cabinets provide a versatile foundation that can be easily adapted to suit your taste.
Warmth and Comfort
The warm hues of brown kitchen cabinets create a comfortable and inviting atmosphere. This warmth makes your kitchen a pleasant place to cook, dine, and gather with family and friends. The natural wood appearance of our cabinets enhances this effect, adding depth and character to your space.
Versatility in Design
Brown kitchen cabinets offer incredible versatility in design. They can be paired with a wide range of colors, materials, and finishes to create a unique and personalized kitchen. Whether you choose to pair them with light countertops for a bright, airy feel or with dark accents for a dramatic look, brown cabinets serve as a versatile backdrop that enhances any design scheme.
Durability and Quality
Our premium brown kitchen cabinets are crafted from high-quality materials, ensuring durability and longevity. The robust construction and superior finishes ensure that your cabinets will withstand daily use while maintaining their beauty. The impersonation of natural wood is not only visually appealing but also provides the durability needed for a busy kitchen environment.
Transforming Your Kitchen with Brown Kitchen Cabinets
Assess Your Space
The first step in transforming your kitchen with brown cabinets is to assess your space. Consider the size of your kitchen, the layout, and the existing design elements. Understanding your space will help you choose the right style and configuration of brown cabinets to best complement your kitchen.
Choose the Right Shade
Brown kitchen cabinets come in a variety of shades, from light oak to deep walnut. Choose a shade that matches your design vision and complements your kitchen’s overall color scheme. Lighter shades can make a small kitchen feel more spacious, while darker shades add a sense of richness and depth.
Pair with Complementary Materials
To enhance the natural wood look of your brown cabinets, pair them with complementary materials. Natural stone countertops, stainless steel appliances, and ceramic tile backsplashes are excellent choices that work well with brown cabinetry. These materials highlight the beauty of the cabinets and create a cohesive design.
Incorporate Functional Elements
In addition to their aesthetic appeal, our premium brown kitchen cabinets are designed with functionality in mind. Consider incorporating features such as pull-out shelves, lazy Susans, and soft-close drawers to enhance the usability of your kitchen. These functional elements ensure that your kitchen is not only beautiful but also practical and efficient.
Professional Installation
For the best results, opt for professional installation of your brown kitchen cabinets. Skilled installers ensure that the cabinets are fitted correctly and securely, maximizing their functionality and aesthetic appeal. Professional installation guarantees that your cabinets will perform well and maintain their integrity over time.
Conclusion
Our premium brown kitchen cabinets offer the perfect impersonation of natural wood, bringing warmth, elegance, and a touch of nature into your kitchen. With their timeless appeal, versatility in design, and superior craftsmanship, brown cabinets are an excellent choice for any kitchen renovation. By choosing our brown kitchen cabinets, you invest in a product that enhances both the beauty and functionality of your kitchen, creating a space that you will enjoy for years to come. Embrace the natural elegance of brown kitchen cabinets and transform your kitchen into the heart of your home. | fjji | |
1,876,269 | Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment: Delivering Quality and Reliability | screenshot-1717219862051.png Marketing is all about promoting what a company offers, and that's... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:49:52 | https://dev.to/darlene_ballardg_27f941ff/shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-delivering-quality-and-reliability-165k | design, product | screenshot-1717219862051.png
Marketing is all about promoting what a company offers, and that's exactly what Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment products is doing! This company is all about delivering high-quality machinery to help their customers get things done. We'll explore some of the advantages that come with choosing Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment.
Benefits
One of the greatest benefits of using the ongoing services of Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment products is innovation
The organization is often searching for brand new and methods are enhanced help their customers get things done
They are constantly focusing on new designs and tips to make their slitting machine an entire many more effective and efficient
Another advantage is safety Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment takes security really
Almost all their devices are made with safety in your mind, that will help you trust that you are utilizing gear this is certainly safe and reliable
Innovation
Innovation have reached one's heart of just what Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment does
They have been constantly hunting for brand new and better and ways that are improved assist their clients get things done
This means they often times show up with brand new designs and ideas that create their devices a whole lot more efficient and effective
Certainly one of their many services that are revolutionary products is the welding machine like automatic
This machine had been made to make welding quicker, easier, and many other things efficient than previously
Using this machine, you may get the working task effected easily and rapidly, with no need to be concerned about errors or mistakes
Safety
Safety is actually a priority like Shenzhen Lihao Machinery like premier Equipment
Almost all their machines are produced with safety in your mind
They normally use top-notch materials and test their devices very carefully to ensure they are typically safe and reliable
Whenever using any one of their equipment, it is vital to follow all security directions very carefully
This suggests security like using is suitable and after all operational guidelines
If any queries are had by you or concerns about security, never hesitate to reach out with their customer care team
Usage
Utilizing Shenzhen Lihao Machinery gear is not hard! Most coil cutting machine include clear and directions that are simple to begin right away
A multitude is given by them of things that are worthy of plenty of applications
One popular machine could be the press like hydraulic
This device is fantastic for pressing materials into different shapes and forms
You to definitely work whether you are dealing with metal, plastic, or any other product, the hydraulic press allows
How to Use
When utilizing some of their equipment, you will carefully need to very follow directions
This can help make sure that you're utilizing the device precisely and safely
If you are not sure how to use a machine that's certain contact their customer service group for assistance
It is in addition crucial to wear safety like acceptable whenever using any equipment
This might include things like security spectacles, gloves, and clothes like protective
Constantly operate in a certain area like well-ventilated never leave machinery unattended whilst it is getting used
Provider
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment provides customer care like very good
These are typically constantly very happy to respond to any queries or issues you may have about their products or services or services or solutions
Their customer service group can help with such a thing from deciding on the machine like best to meet up with your preferences to assisting you to to troubleshoot any dilemmas you could be having
Quality
Quality is just a concern like Shenzhen Lihao Machinery like top Equipment
They normally use high-quality materials and test their roll feeder machine carefully to generally make sure these are safe and reliable
They also provide a warranty to their products, that will help you trust that you're getting machinery like quality might last
Application
Shenzhen Lihao Machinery gear offers machinery for the variety like wide of
They usually have actually gear that can help you get the duty done whether you are dealing with steel, plastic, or every other material
Plus, along with their dedication to innovation, you can trust that you will be gear like utilizing is advanced makes your job easier and more economical
In conclusion, Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment is an excellent choice for anyone looking for quality, reliable machinery. Whether you're working with metal, plastic, or another material, they have equipment that can help you get the job done quickly and easily. Plus, with their commitment to innovation and safety, you can trust that you're using the best equipment available.
| darlene_ballardg_27f941ff |
1,876,267 | My Game | This is how you make good stuff more good here's how to do it A Play | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:47:05 | https://dev.to/ishaan_singhal_f3b6b687f3/my-game-25op | This is how you make good stuff more good here's how to do it
A Play | ishaan_singhal_f3b6b687f3 | |
1,876,266 | Interview: Eugene Capon on The Future of Metaverse and Asset Tokenization | Eugene Capon – co-founder of Studio Capon and creator of Metaverse media campaigns – dives... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:47:03 | https://dev.to/endeo/interview-eugene-capon-on-the-future-of-metaverse-and-asset-tokenization-3670 | interview, web3, blockchain, webdev | #### [Eugene Capon](https://hightechinfluencer.com/index.html#about) – co-founder of Studio Capon and creator of Metaverse media campaigns – dives into the Web3 and Extended Reality prospects.
Web3 is slowly yet steadily gaining its global impact. Ethereum, Solana, Whitechain, NEAR – all these titles stand for decentralized networks while being only the tip of the iceberg among the diversity of protocols and innovations they present.
As this signifies a potential for accelerated Web3 implementation into all walks of life, I asked [Eugene Capon](https://x.com/CaponDesign) to share a bigger picture on the Metaverse, Web3, and asset tokenization.
Below – exclusive insights by XR expert, creator of Metaverse content for Microsoft and High Fidelity, and Metaverse educational advisor for the United Nations.
## Introduction
– Seeing that you are a keen Metaverse expert, I would really love to know what got you into that realm. How did your path in Web3 begin?
– How I got into Web3 and XR (Extended Reality) is a long, drawn-out story with many roadblocks along the way.
I have a BA in Social Media Innovation from Evergreen State College, which I earned after obtaining two associate degrees in Visual Communications. This education equipped me to study the internet's evolution, focusing on social media and technology's impact on people, communities, and governments.
I discovered XR in a big way before major VR headsets were released. A designer showed me a 360-degree experience prototype he had created using Google Cardboard and his smartphone. This was my "Eureka" moment. After seeing this, I saved up for three months while working as a creative director at a YouTube consulting agency, then quit to explore XR full-time. It was the best decision I ever made.
– What is the future of Metaverse? Will it obtain the overall success that is expected from it? Why/why not?
– The question of what the future of the metaverse holds is definitely putting the cart before the horse because the metaverse is not a thing yet.
The metaverse is a byproduct of the third generation of the internet, an era that has not come to be yet. For the crypto community, when they say Web3, they are usually specifically talking about cryptocurrency and blockchain, even though Web3 should be referring to third-generation web technologies, including cryptocurrency and blockchain.
Web 3 should refer to the third generation of the internet, encompassing technologies that will become massively adopted in this era. That generation is at least six years away. I think it will succeed because it’s the natural progression to the next generation of the internet; it’s just waiting for the rest of society to catch up.
– You were a CEO at Studio Capon – a Metaverse creative studio. From an expert point of view, could you assume that media and communication will be fully transferred from the IRL dimension to Metaverse?
– I was the CEO at Studio Capon, which we shut down in November 2023. I believe there is a place for communication in XR, but there is also a time and place for normal communication without using technology in everyday conversations. There will definitely be a point when newer technologies will come along to replace the current technologies we use for communication. It’s hard to believe, but there will be a time when smartphones are replaced by some other technology.
## Fundamentals
– Can real-life asset tokenization seek its use in Metaverse? How?
– People get too caught up in the use of blockchain because it’s so widely used to facilitate financial transactions, overlooking its broader functionality. The use cases for blockchain are much more extensive. For example, blockchain could be used to keep track of receipts every time you go to the grocery store, which is a much better system than printing out tiny pieces of paper that will get lost in your wallet or purse.
It blows my mind a little that there is such a large community around transactional ledger technology. I’ve always felt that while blockchain is immensely useful, it is also overhyped. Blockchain in the metaverse also has several uses one to facilitate Financial marketplaces that assets might be sold through, keeping track of digital assets from one platform to another, keeping track of the behavior of those digital assets and what they mean in a game engine, keeping a virtual Ledger made to impact persistence in Virtual Worlds which is a requirement for the Metaverse to be a exist and so fourth.
– We’re currently introduced to a wide array of asset tokenization technologies and consensus mechanisms. Is there any chance asset tokenization will be solidified into a single technological stack?
– I don't believe there will ever be a single blockchain used for everything because the use cases for blockchain are so vast. For instance, one chain might be better for moving assets from one virtual world to another, while another chain might be optimized for keeping track of text files or records. Another thing to consider is that the point of a public ledger system is its public aspect, but the things you are keeping track of might be things you don't want to be public. This very fact can create a disconnect for a lot of people.
– How do you see asset tokenization transforming traditional financial markets and institutions?
– Asset tokenization can be powerful for many businesses that are too small to take their companies to the public market. It's a great way to get initial investment for an idea, concept, or working model. It also allows investors to pull out their money at either a loss or a gain if the business does not show promising results. In many cases, when a business doesn't succeed as expected, investors typically lose everything.
## About regulatory framework and compliance
– How do current regulatory frameworks impact the adoption and growth of asset tokenization? Are there any notable jurisdictions leading the way? What are the crucial barriers to the widespread adoption of asset tokenization, and how can they be overcome?
– Getting the public to adopt digital currency shouldn't be an issue because much of our society has already digitized money through apps for payments, virtual credit cards, and online banking to track our finances. I believe there will come a time when physical money is phased out in favor of digital money. However, there will always be a small group that believes financial institutions will one day be destroyed, leaving only physical money and minerals like gold or silver as a measure of wealth. These are the people who hide money in walls or under the mattress, so to speak.
There are a number of institutions taking a stance on tokenized assets. The SEC sets the criteria for what is considered an investment, particularly those offered to institutional investors. The CFTC (U.S. Commodities Futures Trading Commission) regulates cryptocurrencies classified as commodities. Then, of course, there is the IRS (U.S. Internal Revenue Service), which regulates cryptocurrencies for tax purposes, viewing them as property.
– How is security and compliance of tokenized assets ensured, especially considering the decentralized nature of Web3?
– Just like fiat currency, security and compliance can be an issue with tokenized assets. However, in the decentralized nature of Web3, decentralized doesn't mean hidden—it means public. It's often easier to track people who have stolen cryptocurrency than those who have stolen virtual money in a centralized system. It has taken a while for governmental institutions to acknowledge the legitimacy of tokenized assets in the same way they do fiat money.
– Are there challenges in getting traditional legal systems to accept digital ownership?
– The biggest challenge I see society facing with the adoption of digital ownership is getting physical locations to accept digital currency as a proper form of payment, especially given the market's volatility. Now that governmental institutions recognize that tokenized assets can be taxed, legal systems have become more accepting of this shift.
## Conclusion
– Will digital ownership replace traditional one? Why/why not?
– I don't think digital ownership will replace all aspects of ownership which I feel like that's what you're actually asking. There will be a time and place where digital ownership through blockchain technology will be far superior than not using blockchain but we have to remember it's not the solution all in the world.
| endeo |
1,876,265 | What is accessToken & refreshToken? How to use it? | Access Tokens and Refresh Tokens Access Tokens and Refresh Tokens are used in... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:46:36 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/what-is-accesstoken-refreshtoken-how-to-use-it-2j8f | ### Access Tokens and Refresh Tokens
**Access Tokens** and **Refresh Tokens** are used in authentication and authorization to provide secure access to resources in a web application.
**Access Token**:
- A short-lived token that allows access to certain resources.
- It is usually included in the headers of API requests to authenticate the client.
- It typically has an expiration time (e.g., 15 minutes to 1 hour).
**Refresh Token**:
- A long-lived token that is used to obtain a new access token after the previous one expires.
- It is usually stored securely and sent to the server to get a new access token when needed.
- It typically has a longer expiration time (e.g., several days to months).
### How to Use Access Tokens and Refresh Tokens
#### 1. Authentication Flow
1. **User Logs In**:
- The user sends their credentials (username and password) to the server.
2. **Server Validates Credentials**:
- The server validates the credentials and, if valid, generates an access token and a refresh token.
3. **Tokens Sent to Client**:
- The server sends both tokens to the client.
4. **Client Stores Tokens**:
- The client stores the access token (e.g., in memory or local storage) and the refresh token (e.g., in a secure HTTP-only cookie).
5. **Accessing Protected Resources**:
- The client includes the access token in the Authorization header of requests to access protected resources.
- Example:
```http
GET /protected-resource
Authorization: Bearer <access_token>
```
6. **Token Expiration**:
- If the access token expires, the client uses the refresh token to obtain a new access token.
7. **Refreshing the Access Token**:
- The client sends the refresh token to the server to request a new access token.
- Example:
```http
POST /refresh-token
Content-Type: application/json
{
"refreshToken": "<refresh_token>"
}
```
8. **Server Validates Refresh Token**:
- The server validates the refresh token and, if valid, generates a new access token (and optionally a new refresh token) and sends them to the client.
9. **Client Uses New Access Token**:
- The client uses the new access token to continue accessing protected resources.
#### 2. Implementation Example with Express.js
Here’s an example of implementing access token and refresh token in an Express.js application:
**Dependencies**:
```bash
npm install express jsonwebtoken bcryptjs body-parser
```
**Server Setup**:
1. **Server Setup**:
- Create a simple Express.js server with endpoints for login, accessing protected resources, and refreshing tokens.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
const bcrypt = require('bcryptjs');
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
const app = express();
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;
app.use(bodyParser.json());
// Dummy user data
const users = [
{
id: 1,
username: 'user1',
password: bcrypt.hashSync('password1', 8), // hashed password
},
];
// Secret keys
const accessTokenSecret = 'youraccesstokensecret';
const refreshTokenSecret = 'yourrefreshtokensecret';
const refreshTokens = [];
// Login endpoint
app.post('/login', (req, res) => {
const { username, password } = req.body;
const user = users.find(u => u.username === username);
if (!user || !bcrypt.compareSync(password, user.password)) {
return res.status(401).send('Username or password incorrect');
}
const accessToken = jwt.sign({ userId: user.id }, accessTokenSecret, { expiresIn: '20m' });
const refreshToken = jwt.sign({ userId: user.id }, refreshTokenSecret, { expiresIn: '7d' });
refreshTokens.push(refreshToken);
res.json({ accessToken, refreshToken });
});
// Protected resource endpoint
app.get('/protected', authenticateToken, (req, res) => {
res.send('This is a protected resource');
});
// Refresh token endpoint
app.post('/refresh-token', (req, res) => {
const { refreshToken } = req.body;
if (!refreshToken || !refreshTokens.includes(refreshToken)) {
return res.status(403).send('Refresh token not found, login again');
}
jwt.verify(refreshToken, refreshTokenSecret, (err, user) => {
if (err) return res.status(403).send('Invalid refresh token');
const newAccessToken = jwt.sign({ userId: user.userId }, accessTokenSecret, { expiresIn: '20m' });
res.json({ accessToken: newAccessToken });
});
});
// Middleware to authenticate token
function authenticateToken(req, res, next) {
const authHeader = req.headers['authorization'];
const token = authHeader && authHeader.split(' ')[1];
if (!token) return res.sendStatus(401);
jwt.verify(token, accessTokenSecret, (err, user) => {
if (err) return res.sendStatus(403);
req.user = user;
next();
});
}
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`Server running on port ${PORT}`);
});
```
**Explanation**:
1. **User Login**:
- User sends a POST request to `/login` with their username and password.
- Server validates the credentials and, if valid, generates an access token and a refresh token.
- Server sends the tokens to the client.
2. **Accessing Protected Resource**:
- Client sends a GET request to `/protected` with the access token in the Authorization header.
- Server validates the access token using the `authenticateToken` middleware and grants access if the token is valid.
3. **Refreshing the Access Token**:
- Client sends a POST request to `/refresh-token` with the refresh token.
- Server validates the refresh token and, if valid, generates a new access token and sends it to the client.
This example covers the basic implementation of using access tokens and refresh tokens in an Express.js application. You can further enhance security by storing tokens securely, implementing additional validation checks, and following best practices for handling sensitive data.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,264 | Did You Know the Simplest Way to Upload Your Project Directly to Main Branch of Your GitHub Repository is Shown at the Bottom? | If you’ve ever found yourself googling "How to upload my project to GitHub repository?" every time... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:46:05 | https://dev.to/ryoichihomma/did-you-know-that-github-kindly-shows-the-simplest-way-to-upload-your-project-directly-to-main-branch-of-your-repository-3k6o | github, repository, git, developer | If you’ve ever found yourself googling "How to upload my project to GitHub repository?" every time you need to push a new project, you're not alone. Many developers spend minutes, if not hours, sifting through various websites and YouTube tutorials looking for the best way to get their code onto GitHub. However, there’s a simpler, more direct way that’s often overlooked: the instructions provided right at the bottom of your GitHub repository page.
## Step-by-Step Guide
Here’s a quick and easy guide to upload your project to GitHub using command-line instructions provided by GitHub itself:
**1. Create a New Repository on GitHub**
First, log in to your GitHub account and create a new repository. You can do this by clicking the green “New” button on your repositories page or via the “+” icon in the top right corner of GitHub.
**2. Copy the Repository URL**
Once your repository is created, you’ll see a URL for your repository. It will look something like this:
`https://github.com/your-username/your-repository-name.git`
**3. Follow the Instructions at the Bottom of the Page**
At the bottom of the repository page, GitHub provides a set of command-line instructions tailored specifically for your repository. These instructions are designed to help you quickly and easily upload your project. They typically look like this:
For a new project:
`echo "# YourRepositoryName" >> README.md
git init
git add README.md
git commit -m "first commit"
git branch -M main
git remote add origin https://github.com/your-username/your-repository-name.git
git push -u origin main`
For an existing project:
`git remote add origin https://github.com/your-username/your-repository-name.git
git branch -M main
git push -u origin main
`
**4. Execute the Commands in Your Terminal**
Open your terminal (Command Prompt, PowerShell, Terminal, etc.) and navigate to your project directory. Then, execute the commands provided by GitHub one by one.
**5. Verify Your Repository**
After pushing your code, go back to your GitHub repository page and refresh it. You should now see your project files uploaded to the repository.
**Quick Tips**
- **Commit Messages:** Use descriptive commit messages. This helps you and others understand the changes you’ve made.
- **.gitignore:** Don’t forget to create a .gitignore file to exclude files you don’t want to upload, like build files or sensitive information.
- **Branch Management:** Learn about branching for better code management and collaboration.
**Conclusion**
By using the commands provided directly by GitHub at the bottom of your repository page, you can save time and ensure that you’re following the best practices recommended by GitHub itself. The next time you’re ready to upload a project, give this method a try and streamline your workflow.
Happy coding! | ryoichihomma |
1,876,261 | How to learn Express JS? | Learning Express.js can be a rewarding experience as it is a minimal and flexible Node.js web... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:44:35 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-learn-express-js-cm8 | Learning Express.js can be a rewarding experience as it is a minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework that provides a robust set of features for building web and mobile applications. Here's a structured guide to help you get started with Express.js:
### Step 1: Understand the Basics of Node.js
Before diving into Express.js, make sure you have a solid understanding of Node.js.
1. **Node.js Basics**:
- Understand the event-driven architecture.
- Learn how to create a basic server using Node.js.
- Familiarize yourself with asynchronous programming using callbacks, promises, and async/await.
### Step 2: Set Up Your Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Initialize a New Node.js Project**:
Create a new directory for your project and initialize it with npm.
```bash
mkdir my-express-app
cd my-express-app
npm init -y
```
3. **Install Express.js**:
```bash
npm install express
```
### Step 3: Create a Simple Express.js Server
1. **Create the Server**:
Create an `index.js` file in your project directory.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send('Hello, Express!');
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Server is running at http://localhost:${port}`);
});
```
2. **Run the Server**:
```bash
node index.js
```
Open your browser and navigate to `http://localhost:3000`. You should see "Hello, Express!".
### Step 4: Learn the Basics of Express.js
1. **Routing**:
Express uses routing to determine how an application responds to a client request.
```javascript
app.get('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Hello World!');
});
app.post('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Got a POST request');
});
app.put('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Got a PUT request');
});
app.delete('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Got a DELETE request');
});
```
2. **Middleware**:
Middleware functions are functions that have access to the request object, the response object, and the next middleware function in the application’s request-response cycle.
```javascript
app.use((req, res, next) => {
console.log('Time:', Date.now());
next();
});
```
3. **Serving Static Files**:
Express can serve static files, such as images, CSS, and JavaScript.
```javascript
app.use(express.static('public'));
```
### Step 5: Create a RESTful API
Let's create a simple RESTful API to manage a list of users.
1. **Set Up a Basic Structure**:
Create a new directory for routes and a file for the users route.
```bash
mkdir routes
touch routes/users.js
```
2. **Define Routes for Users**:
Open `routes/users.js` and define the routes.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();
let users = [
{ id: 1, name: 'John Doe' },
{ id: 2, name: 'Jane Smith' },
];
// Get all users
router.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.json(users);
});
// Get a user by ID
router.get('/:id', (req, res) => {
const user = users.find(u => u.id === parseInt(req.params.id));
if (!user) return res.status(404).send('User not found');
res.json(user);
});
// Create a new user
router.post('/', (req, res) => {
const user = {
id: users.length + 1,
name: req.body.name,
};
users.push(user);
res.status(201).json(user);
});
// Update a user
router.put('/:id', (req, res) => {
const user = users.find(u => u.id === parseInt(req.params.id));
if (!user) return res.status(404).send('User not found');
user.name = req.body.name;
res.json(user);
});
// Delete a user
router.delete('/:id', (req, res) => {
const userIndex = users.findIndex(u => u.id === parseInt(req.params.id));
if (userIndex === -1) return res.status(404).send('User not found');
users.splice(userIndex, 1);
res.status(204).send();
});
module.exports = router;
```
3. **Use the Users Route in Your App**:
Open `index.js` and use the users route.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
const usersRouter = require('./routes/users');
app.use(express.json()); // for parsing application/json
app.use('/users', usersRouter);
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Server is running at http://localhost:${port}`);
});
```
4. **Test the API**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the API endpoints.
### Step 6: Learn More Advanced Express.js Features
1. **Error Handling**:
Middleware for handling errors.
```javascript
app.use((err, req, res, next) => {
console.error(err.stack);
res.status(500).send('Something broke!');
});
```
2. **Templating Engines**:
Use templating engines like Pug or EJS for rendering dynamic HTML pages.
```bash
npm install pug
```
```javascript
app.set('view engine', 'pug');
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.render('index', { title: 'Hey', message: 'Hello there!' });
});
```
3. **Database Integration**:
Connect your application to a database like MongoDB or PostgreSQL.
- For MongoDB, use Mongoose:
```bash
npm install mongoose
```
```javascript
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/mydatabase', {
useNewUrlParser: true,
useUnifiedTopology: true,
});
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
name: String,
});
const User = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);
app.post('/users', async (req, res) => {
const user = new User({ name: req.body.name });
await user.save();
res.status(201).json(user);
});
```
### Step 7: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing**:
Use Mocha and Chai for unit testing.
```bash
npm install mocha chai
```
```javascript
const chai = require('chai');
const chaiHttp = require('chai-http');
const server = require('../index');
chai.should();
chai.use(chaiHttp);
describe('Users API', () => {
it('should get all users', (done) => {
chai.request(server)
.get('/users')
.end((err, res) => {
res.should.have.status(200);
res.body.should.be.a('array');
done();
});
});
});
```
2. **End-to-End Testing**:
Use Supertest for end-to-end testing.
```bash
npm install supertest
```
```javascript
const request = require('supertest');
const app = require('../index');
describe('GET /users', () => {
it('responds with json', (done) => {
request(app)
.get('/users')
.set('Accept', 'application/json')
.expect('Content-Type', /json/)
.expect(200, done);
});
});
```
### Step 8: Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [Express.js Official Documentation](https://expressjs.com/)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [The Complete Node.js Developer Course (Udemy)](https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-nodejs-developer-course-2/)
3. **Books**:
- "Express.js Guide" by Azat Mardan
4. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [Scotch.io Express.js Tutorials](https://scotch.io/tutorials/getting-started-with-node-express)
- [MDN Web Docs Express Tutorial](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs)
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/express)
- [Reddit - r/node](https://www.reddit.com/r/node/)
### Step 9: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**:
- Build applications like a blog, e-commerce site, or social media app.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**:
- Contribute to open source Express.js projects on GitHub.
### Step 10: Stay Updated
1. **Follow Node.js and Express.js Updates**:
- Follow the [Node.js blog](https://nodejs.org/en/blog/)
- Join Node.js and Express.js newsletters
- Attend Node.js and Express.js conferences and meetups
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in Express.js, enabling you to create powerful and efficient server-side applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Sure! Let's dive into learning Express.js, a popular Node.js framework for building web and mobile applications. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you get started with Express.js:
### Step 1: Set Up Your Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Initialize a New Node.js Project**:
Create a new directory for your project and initialize it with npm.
```bash
mkdir my-express-app
cd my-express-app
npm init -y
```
3. **Install Express.js**:
```bash
npm install express
```
### Step 2: Create a Simple Express.js Server
1. **Create the Server**:
Create an `index.js` file in your project directory.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send('Hello, Express!');
});
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Server is running at http://localhost:${port}`);
});
```
2. **Run the Server**:
```bash
node index.js
```
Open your browser and navigate to `http://localhost:3000`. You should see "Hello, Express!".
### Step 3: Learn the Basics of Express.js
1. **Routing**:
Express uses routing to determine how an application responds to a client request.
```javascript
app.get('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Hello World!');
});
app.post('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Got a POST request');
});
app.put('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Got a PUT request');
});
app.delete('/hello', (req, res) => {
res.send('Got a DELETE request');
});
```
2. **Middleware**:
Middleware functions are functions that have access to the request object, the response object, and the next middleware function in the application’s request-response cycle.
```javascript
app.use((req, res, next) => {
console.log('Time:', Date.now());
next();
});
```
3. **Serving Static Files**:
Express can serve static files, such as images, CSS, and JavaScript.
```javascript
app.use(express.static('public'));
```
### Step 4: Create a RESTful API
Let's create a simple RESTful API to manage a list of users.
1. **Set Up a Basic Structure**:
Create a new directory for routes and a file for the users route.
```bash
mkdir routes
touch routes/users.js
```
2. **Define Routes for Users**:
Open `routes/users.js` and define the routes.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();
let users = [
{ id: 1, name: 'John Doe' },
{ id: 2, name: 'Jane Smith' },
];
// Get all users
router.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.json(users);
});
// Get a user by ID
router.get('/:id', (req, res) => {
const user = users.find(u => u.id === parseInt(req.params.id));
if (!user) return res.status(404).send('User not found');
res.json(user);
});
// Create a new user
router.post('/', (req, res) => {
const user = {
id: users.length + 1,
name: req.body.name,
};
users.push(user);
res.status(201).json(user);
});
// Update a user
router.put('/:id', (req, res) => {
const user = users.find(u => u.id === parseInt(req.params.id));
if (!user) return res.status(404).send('User not found');
user.name = req.body.name;
res.json(user);
});
// Delete a user
router.delete('/:id', (req, res) => {
const userIndex = users.findIndex(u => u.id === parseInt(req.params.id));
if (userIndex === -1) return res.status(404).send('User not found');
users.splice(userIndex, 1);
res.status(204).send();
});
module.exports = router;
```
3. **Use the Users Route in Your App**:
Open `index.js` and use the users route.
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = 3000;
const usersRouter = require('./routes/users');
app.use(express.json()); // for parsing application/json
app.use('/users', usersRouter);
app.listen(port, () => {
console.log(`Server is running at http://localhost:${port}`);
});
```
4. **Test the API**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the API endpoints.
### Step 5: Learn More Advanced Express.js Features
1. **Error Handling**:
Middleware for handling errors.
```javascript
app.use((err, req, res, next) => {
console.error(err.stack);
res.status(500).send('Something broke!');
});
```
2. **Templating Engines**:
Use templating engines like Pug or EJS for rendering dynamic HTML pages.
```bash
npm install pug
```
```javascript
app.set('view engine', 'pug');
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.render('index', { title: 'Hey', message: 'Hello there!' });
});
```
3. **Database Integration**:
Connect your application to a database like MongoDB or PostgreSQL.
- For MongoDB, use Mongoose:
```bash
npm install mongoose
```
```javascript
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/mydatabase', {
useNewUrlParser: true,
useUnifiedTopology: true,
});
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
name: String,
});
const User = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);
app.post('/users', async (req, res) => {
const user = new User({ name: req.body.name });
await user.save();
res.status(201).json(user);
});
```
### Step 6: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing**:
Use Mocha and Chai for unit testing.
```bash
npm install mocha chai
```
```javascript
const chai = require('chai');
const chaiHttp = require('chai-http');
const server = require('../index');
chai.should();
chai.use(chaiHttp);
describe('Users API', () => {
it('should get all users', (done) => {
chai.request(server)
.get('/users')
.end((err, res) => {
res.should.have.status(200);
res.body.should.be.a('array');
done();
});
});
});
```
2. **End-to-End Testing**:
Use Supertest for end-to-end testing.
```bash
npm install supertest
```
```javascript
const request = require('supertest');
const app = require('../index');
describe('GET /users', () => {
it('responds with json', (done) => {
request(app)
.get('/users')
.set('Accept', 'application/json')
.expect('Content-Type', /json/)
.expect(200, done);
});
});
```
### Step 7: Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [Express.js Official Documentation](https://expressjs.com/)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [The Complete Node.js Developer Course (Udemy)](https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-nodejs-developer-course-2/)
3. **Books**:
- "Express.js Guide" by Azat Mardan
4. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [Scotch.io Express.js Tutorials](https://scotch.io/tutorials/getting-started-with-node-express)
- [MDN Web Docs Express Tutorial](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Server-side/Express_Nodejs)
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/express)
- [Reddit - r/node](https://www.reddit.com/r/node/)
### Step 8: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**:
- Build applications like a blog, e-commerce site, or social media app.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**:
- Contribute to open source Express.js projects on GitHub.
### Step 9: Stay Updated
1. **Follow Node.js and Express.js Updates**:
- Follow the [Node.js blog](https://nodejs.org/en/blog/)
- Join Node.js and Express.js newsletters
- Attend Node.js and Express.js conferences and meetups
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in Express.js, enabling you to create powerful and efficient server-side applications. If you have any
specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,260 | Benefits of Regression Testing Automation | It is crucial to guarantee the quality and functionality of apps in the dynamic field of software... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:42:34 | https://gamedev.net/blogs/blog/10966-benefits-of-regression-testing-automation/ | regression, testing, automation | 
It is crucial to guarantee the quality and functionality of apps in the dynamic field of software development. There is a greater chance of creating errors or breaking previously functional components when new features are added or old ones are changed. Regression testing, an essential procedure that confirms the software's continued functionality following modifications, enters the picture here. A regression testing automation may be made more efficient and effective, which has a number of advantages that can greatly raise team output and software quality.
1. **Unmatched Efficiency and Time Savings**
The significant time savings that come with automating regression testing are among its most alluring benefits. Manual testing involves executing the same test cases over and over again after every software update or modification, which is a tedious and repetitive work for testers. The whole testing cycle time can be decreased by using automation to carry out these tests fast and reliably. Regression tests that are automated can run continuously, even at night or outside of regular business hours, which facilitates faster feedback loops and more effective use of resources.
2. **Enhanced Test Coverage and Thoroughness**
Human mistake, weariness, and neglect are inherent risks of manual testing, which can result in coverage gaps. By ensuring thorough and consistent test execution, automated regression testing, on the other hand, lowers the possibility of ignored edge cases or missed situations. Due to time and resource limitations, manual testing frequently overlooked or deprioritized negative test cases, complex workflows, and boundary conditions. However, automated tests can be created to cover a broad range of scenarios.
3. **Improved Repeatability and Consistency**
The variability and inconsistencies that can result from human testing procedures are eliminated by automated regression testing. Unreliable and inconsistent results might arise from human testers unintentionally introducing differences in test execution, data inputs, or result interpretation. Reliable and reproducible results are ensured by automated tests, which follow the same exact and consistent steps each time. This consistency guarantees that the software operates as intended in many contexts, which is especially useful when testing across platforms, settings, or configurations.
4. **Increased Productivity and Cost-Effectiveness**
Although there are initial time and resource costs associated with automating operations, there are significant long-term benefits in the form of higher productivity and cost savings. Testing professionals may focus on more crucial tasks like exploratory testing, usability testing, and test case design by automating time-consuming and repetitive tasks. Furthermore, considerable manual testing efforts, which can be expensive and resource-intensive, especially for large-scale projects, are less necessary when automated regression testing is used.
5. **Rapid Feedback and Continuous Integration**
In contemporary software development methodologies, including Agile and DevOps, quick feedback loops and continuous integration are essential to producing software that meets quality standards quickly. These approaches easily incorporate automated regression testing, allowing for continuous testing and quick feedback on the stability and quality of the program. Any bugs or regressions introduced by code changes can be promptly found and fixed using automated tests operating as part of a continuous integration pipeline, preventing them from spreading further down a development cycle.
**Conclusion**
Automation of regression testing has become a vital tool in the ever-changing field of software development, helping to ensure the quality, efficiency, and dependability of software. Opkey revolutionizes regression testing with its AI-powered automation platform. The companies can convert manual tests to automated ones with one click using the no-code test creation tool and leverage the 30,000+ pre-built test cases for instant coverage. The change impact analysis identifies areas needing regression testing after updates. Self-healing capabilities fix broken tests instantly, reducing maintenance by 80%. Comprehensive end-to-end testing ensures seamless ERP integrations post-changes. Leading companies like Just Group reduced regression testing cycles by 68% while achieving optimal coverage with Opkey. Overall, Opkey's innovative solution can help companies streamline regression testing, cut costs and expedite releases. | rohitbhandari102 |
1,876,259 | Terraform Init – Command Overview | In this post, we will explain what the terraform init command is used for, what it does, and when to... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:40:19 | https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-init | terraform, infrastructureascode, devops | In this post, we will explain what the `terraform init` command is used for, what it does, and when to run it. We will explore the options available and give an example of when to use it in automation using Azure DevOps.
##What is Terraform init?
After writing your [Terraform](https://spacelift.io/blog/what-is-terraform) code or cloning your existing Terraform code from source control, the `terraform init` command is the first step you should take to prepare your working directory.
`Terraform init` is a CLI command that initializes the Terraform environment by installing the necessary provider plugins and modules and setting up the configuration according to your code. `Terraform init` enables you to run further commands like `terraform plan` and `terraform apply`.
##How does Terraform init work?
In order to prepare the working directory for use with Terraform, the `terraform init` command performs the following steps:
- Backend initialization
- Child module installation
- Plugin installation
We will look at each of these in more detail in this article.
##Quick usage examples: Terraform init command flags
If you are looking for some quick examples on how to use the `terraform init` command, some of the more common usage flags are listed below. Later in the article, we will deep dive into some of these and provide examples.
Quick usage examples
`terraform init` - Initialize the working directory, install required provider plugins and modules, and set up the backend.
`terraform init -lock=false` - Initialize the working directory; don't hold a state lock during backend migration.
`terraform init -input=false` - Initialize the working directory and disable interactive prompts.
`terraform init -migrate-state` - Reconfigure a backend and attempt to [migrate any existing Terraform state](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-migrate-state).
`terraform init -upgrade` - Ensure you're using the latest compatible versions of your providers
`terraform init -reconfigure` - Use the -reconfigure flag to force Terraform to forget any previous configuration and reinitialize.
`terraform init -get=false` - Disable downloading modules for this configuration
`terraform init -plugin-dir=/path/to/custom/plugins` - Point Terraform to custom or manually downloaded provider plugins
`terraform init -input` - Provide values for required input variables during initialization
##How to initialize a Terraform file - example configuration files
The example files we will use in this article will create a specified number of groups in [Azure AD](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-active-directory).
### 1\. Set main.tf file
These files are contained in a directory called az-ad-group. Within it, I have my Terraform configuration files, named `main.tf`, `variables.tf` and `terraform.tfvars`, as well as a `.gitignore`file, which will specify which file extensions within the folder the git source control should ignore.
I have a subfolder (or module) within this which holds a `main.tf` and `variables.tf` file.
Lastly, the `azure-pipeline.yml` file specifies the pipeline settings to run `terraform init` and [`terraform plan`](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-plan).
```
provider "azurerm" {
features {}
}
terraform {
required_providers {
azurerm = {
source = "hashicorp/azurerm"
version = ">=2.95.0"
}
azuread = {
source = "hashicorp/azuread"
}
}
backend "azurerm" {
resource_group_name = "tf-rg"
storage_account_name = "jacktfstatesa"
container_name = "terraform"
key = "adgroups.tfstate"
}
}
module "ad_group" {
source = "./ad_group"
ad_group_names = var.ad_group_names
}
```
Note that the main.tf file contains the `required_providers` and `backend` blocks. I also call a module called `ad_group`.
Since this article focuses on the `terraform init` command, and everything relevant to that command is shown in the above code, I will not publish the rest of the files here, but they can be found in the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/spacelift-io-blog-posts/Blog-Technical-Content/tree/master/az-ad-group-module) should you wish to try the example out yourself or delve deeper into the setup.
### 2\. Initialize backend
My `main.tf` file is configured to use a storage account I have set up in Azure to store the Terraform state file. This is known as the 'backend'.
When `terraform init` runs, it will first attempt to initialize the backend.
```
backend "azurerm" {
resource_group_name = "tf-rg"
storage_account_name = "jacktfstatesa"
container_name = "terraform"
key = "adgroups.tfstate"
}
```
Before that can happen successfully I will need to login to Azure using the Azure CLI. If I run it without first authenticating, Terraform complains that the resource group containing the storage account cannot be found.
To login to Azure, use the following commands. The `--tenant` flag does not need to be specified if you have only one Azure AD tenant linked to your login. If you have multiple tenants linked to your login, you should specify this to avoid confusion.
```
az login --tenant <tenant ID>
az account set --subscription <subscription ID>
```
Once authenticated successfully, run the `terraform init` command again:
This time we see the backend was initialized successfully.
In the storage account in Azure, in my terraform container, I can see that the `adgroups.tfstate` file has been created successfully.
Any changes to the backend configuration will be detected by Terraform. When `terraform init` is run, Terraform will throw an error alerting you to the change.
In this scenario, there are two options:
- `terraform init -migrate-state` -- To reconfigure the backend and attempt to migrate any existing state.
- `terraform init -reconfigure` -- To reconfigure a backend while ignoring any saved configuration.
💡 You might also like:
- [The Impact of Terraform License Change](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-license-change)
- [What is Terraform Map Variable?](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-map-variable)
- [24 Most Useful Terraform Tools](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-tools)
### 3\. Initialize the Terraform child module
A [*Terraform module*](https://spacelift.io/blog/what-are-terraform-modules-and-how-do-they-work) is a container for multiple resources that are used together.
In my example code, my `main.tf` calls my child module `ad_group`.
```
module "ad_group" {
source = "./ad_group"
ad_group_names = var.ad_group_names
}
```
When `terraform init` is run we can see it being installed:
If you have any `module` blocks defined in your configuration files, these will be installed when executing the init command. The location of the source code for the referenced modules is defined in the `source` argument of the module block. All modules require a `source` argument.
The `source` of a module block can point to a local module, or a remote source such as a module held in a central repository, GitHub, Bitbucket, or a module in the public terraform registry. If the code is remote, it will be downloaded from the source specified to a local directory so it can be used by other [Terraform commands](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-commands-cheat-sheet).
After adding, removing, or modifying module blocks, `terraform init` must be run again in order for Terraform to make the necessary adjustments that have been defined in the configuration.
Re-running the `terraform init` command will not amend any modules that have already been installed if the configuration of those modules has not been changed. It will, however, install any modules added since the last time `terraform init` was executed. To force all modules to be re-installed, the `-upgrade` flag can be specified.
Child module installation can also be skipped by using the `-get=false` flag, this should only be used if the child modules have already been installed and no additions, deletions, or changes to the modules have been made. Note that Terraform builds an internal 'module tree' when `terraform init` is run, and if this is not complete, then other steps performed by `terraform init` will not complete successfully. It is, for this reason, the `-get=false` flag should be used with caution.
### 4\. Initialize the Terraform plugin
Most Terraform providers are published separately from Terraform as plugins. There are hundreds of available providers which allow Terraform to be used with different services. Common providers include `azurerm` for Microsoft Azure, `azuread` for Azure Active Directory, and `aws` for Amazon Web Services. A full list of available providers can be browsed using the [Terraform registry](https://registry.terraform.io/browse/providers).
During `terraform init` the registry is searched for those providers that are specified directly in the configuration files but also searches for providers that are not specified directly (indirect). They will be automatically found, downloaded, and installed if they are present in the registry.
As well as searching the public [Terraform registry](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-registry) for providers, it is also possible to use a third-party registry, by specifying the `-plugin-dir=PATH` flag.
If you do not wish to use these options, a `provider_installation` block can be configured in your code to override Terraforms default provider installation behavior, allowing the use of a local mirror for some or all of your required providers.
When I run `terraform init` with my example code, I see the following output:
Terraform searches the registry for the required `azuread` and `azurerm` providers and installs the appropriate versions as specified in my configuration files.
If I do not specify the version for a particular provider, Terraform will look for the latest version. It is recommended to always *pin *the provider version as upgrades may cause unexpected behavior over time. For example, the `azuread` v2.18.0 provider will have introduced many changes compared to v2.17.0.
Refer to the `main.tf` file at the beginning of the article for an example of this at line 9, which pins the version of the `azurerm` provider.
### 5\. Create dependency lock file - terraform.lock.hcl
Once providers have been successfully installed, Terraform creates a dependency lock file and writes information about the providers to it. This file will be named `.terraform.lock.hcl` and should ideally be committed to your repository in your version control system to ensure that the same provider versions are used when `terraform init` is run again in the future.
Using my example configuration code, once `terraform init` has been run, Terraform will advise that the `.terraform.lock.hcl` file has been created.
The contents of the `.terraform.lock.hcl` file will look like this:
```
# This file is maintained automatically by "terraform init".
# Manual edits may be lost in future updates.
provider "registry.terraform.io/hashicorp/azuread" {
version = "2.18.0"
hashes = [
"h1:cpppwljjeyqTnwNlQGHK+o1Jb5Tf4UAnJiInNkN6P38=",
"zh:04b2b5e09dedd45316cd47d21d2ed7e3cd7a4e5f3c8b6e8fba0a10e7eb2a1ca9",
"zh:232440381b60d918e0da0ea8e8a2e8a78a4fe1ae785b3f829f2f965464ab79a2",
"zh:688111a9cb8d9ffec2ccabacb27456d275bf1d404dd5f85e681715abbdd64654",
"zh:7f37b7be7859170f077c58e74be42b5571e364c52aac0a2df3a6a14fbe48d3c5",
"zh:a385743bfae40f6a01bf6662a3c7a71035113c33965e0dbf421997a015734d08",
"zh:a97b7430647d7b449441e5515f11a4d123f6d6a383a8fbca5c0a4086be407358",
"zh:be6d40d1431e8e71a96cce2099a259ef5a8dfb0e849817875d9ee4bb8cf59d40",
"zh:db3b541d90881d620111fdae0efe90d1e0972fc80a2b4346d4af8d96e1fc1195",
"zh:e6d9e0481f2bdc16ee69aa00001d9713282daccfbc621e0143c53d9f6dbdb537",
"zh:ee5b724ca78301057059eff18062fa88d8b24ac7b39f52eb17b8609634427ce0",
"zh:fdb169f89551f97f6b0bf90d61d5fda166a25cce6867ec16f63c3bfb4d90a0a2",
]
}
provider "registry.terraform.io/hashicorp/azurerm" {
version = "2.98.0"
constraints = ">= 2.95.0"
hashes = [
"h1:8Sg08lYcJC12Y8EH5oFfgBhIR9OhZFKF633NjOMjilY=",
"zh:025f656a6d3ecc30f7cc2279bc41969789987b405e3fa8a7c1eb5f74e3ee1140",
"zh:23c54b330678a16378156193d709bbddce3ba76ee827fd65fb751ce90790af9e",
"zh:2d28d359ce6881918bd6c03701f6ec4fd90215abfce9b863cfd3172e28c1acb3",
"zh:31df88584d39cf876fa45ff6de92e67e03814a0985d34c7671bd6989cda22af8",
"zh:36019109790b9a905770355e5bbb57b291a9689a8b9beac5751dcbdb1282d035",
"zh:5fb4a277331c459db9e1b150d79b7c7157a176ceca871195e81225e949141b72",
"zh:7ec304afa1b60dc84257a54cea68e97f85df3feb405d25a9226a4f593ed00744",
"zh:bac469f104b8ad2c8b5ddc88ddae3b0bc27ae5f9c2ccf03f14a001a5c3ed6ae1",
"zh:d860b0ec60a978fe3f08d695326e9051a61cd3f60786fc618a61fbdb5d6a4f15",
"zh:ebcb2911ee27587f63df7eff3836c9a206181a931357c6b9a380124be4241597",
"zh:f37fae57bf7d05c30fda6e5414ad5a4aad1b34d41a5f2465a864736f92ded1ac",
]
}
```
Notice that the versions are specified, as well as any version constraints. In my `main.tf` file I specified a constraint for the `azurerm` provider, but not my `azuread` provider.
If you want to force Terraform to look for newer versions than those contained in the lock file, you can specify the `--upgrade` option, an example of which can be found in the 'terraform init options' section of this article.
##What is the difference between Terraform init and plan?
Both `terraform init` and `terraform plan` are among Terraform's foundational commands.
The init command prepares the Terraform working directory by installing all the necessary provider plugins, downloading modules, and setting up state storage. In contrast, the plan command generates an execution plan showing infrastructure changes without implementing them.
While init prepares the environment for Terraform, plan previews potential adjustments based on the defined configuration against the current state.
##Do you need to run Terraform init before every Terraform plan?
`terraform init` is the first command you should run in the workflow, however, if you know that no changes have been made to the modules, backend, or provider installations, you can go ahead and run `terraform plan` without running `terraform init` first. In automation, it is always best practice to put in a `terraform init` stage first to make sure the modules, providers, and backend are always up-to-date as specified in your configuration files.
##Is it safe to run Terraform init multiple times?
It is always safe to run `terraform init`. It will never modify the configuration or destroy any resources. If it is run multiple times, it will simply update the working directory with the changes in the configuration. This will be required if the configuration changes include the addition of a new provider block or a change to the backend storage location, for example.
##Running Terraform init in automation
`terraform init` will be the first step in configuring your Terraform workflow in an automation pipeline. To set this up using [Azure DevOps](https://spacelift.io/blog/what-is-azure-devops) pipelines, we will use the `azure-pipelines.yml` file contained in the example code repository.
```
stages:
- stage: Build
displayName: Terraform-Plan
jobs:
- job: TerraformPlan
displayName: Terraform-Plan
pool:
name: Private-Build-Agents
steps:
- checkout: self
- script: ls $(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)
- task: TerraformInstaller@0
displayName: 'Use Terraform latest'
- task: TerraformCLI@0
displayName: Terraform-Init
inputs:
command: 'init'
workingDirectory: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)'
backendType: 'azurerm'
backendServiceArm: 'IAC Service Connection-Azure'
backendAzureRmResourceGroupName: 'tf-rg'
backendAzureRmStorageAccountName: 'jacktfstatesa'
backendAzureRmContainerName: 'terraform'
backendAzureRmKey: 'adgroups.tfstate'
- task: TerraformCLI@0
displayName: Terraform-Plan
inputs:
command: 'plan'
workingDirectory: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)'
environmentServiceName: 'RG Service Connection'
```
This file specifies the pipeline in YAML format. As the pipeline is defined as code rather than set up manually through the Azure DevOps GUI, it can be considered 'pipeline-as-code', whereas terraform configuration files themselves would be considered 'infrastructure-as-code'.
The pipeline file specifies two stages, the `terraform init` stage and a `terraform plan` stage.
The `terraform init` stage is specified starting at line 15. Note the backend details are specified here. They can also be specified in the `main.tf` configuration file, but if they were committed from the file, the pipeline would still run using the values specified in the `azure-pipelines.yml` file.
During the pipeline run, Azure DevOps will run the Terraform CLI task with the Azure DevOps plugin which it will set up during the 'initialize job' phase.
In some cases where you have lots of providers specified and want to avoid them being installed repeatedly on each pipeline run by `terraform init`, you may wish to make the providers available locally. This is possible and is covered in this advanced ['Terraform in automation'](https://learn.hashicorp.com/tutorials/terraform/automate-terraform?in=terraform/automation&utm_source=WEBSITE&utm_medium=WEB_IO&utm_offer=ARTICLE_PAGE&utm_content=DOCS) tutorial.
##Terraform init options
There are multiple options that can be used with the `terraform init` command that can be viewed using the `--help` flag. Below are some examples of the more useful and commonly used options.
### 1\. `terraform init -backend=false`
`Terraform init backend=false` lets you disable backend or Terraform Cloud initialization for this configuration and use what what was previously initialized instead. aliases: `-cloud=false`.
As you might infer, this option does not create a local backend
### 2\. `terraform init -backend-config=path`
When you use `terraform init -backend-config=path`, your configuration will be merged with that in the configuration file's 'backend' block. This option allows you to dynamically configure the backend by passing in a file path or key/value pairs during the initialization process, separating potentially sensitive values from your main Terraform code.
### 3\. terraform init -force-copy
`terraform init -force-copy` is used to suppress prompts about copying state data when initializing a new state backend. It allows you to initialize a new backend and migrate the state data from the previous backend automatically, without any interactive prompts for confirmation. This enables smoother backend switching in automated workflows. However, it can potentially cause data loss if the state is being copied incorrectly.
### 4\. `terraform init -from-module=SOURCE`
With `terraform -init from-module=SOURCE` you can initialize the current working directory with the contents of the specified module source.
### 5\. `terraform init -get=false`
`terraform init -get=false` initialize a Terraform working directory by installing providers but skipping automatically downloading any declared modules. This can be useful in certain workflows where you want more control over when modules are downloaded or updated
If the working directory has been previously initialized without any further changes, this can be used to prevent child modules from being re-downloaded.
### 6\. `terraform init -input=false`
`terraform init -input=false` command is used to initialize the Terraform working directory without prompting for any input.
This is useful in automation pipelines where the run may simply hang and time out waiting for input. For example, if your code had an error that prompted for a value for a missing variable, the pipeline would prompt for this rather than erroring and finishing the run.
### 7\. ``terraform init -lock=false``
`terraform init -lock=false` disables the locking of the state file during the initialization step. When Terraform runs, it locks the state file so it cannot be modified by other processes.
If a Terraform run ends unexpectedly (crashes or is canceled mid-run), or multiple pipelines have been running simultaneously using the same state file, then the state file remains locked. On the next run, you may see any error as pictured below, showing that the 'state blob is already locked'.
Error message: State blob is already locked
The easiest fix for this issue is to navigate to the storage account and then to the container in the Azure portal that holds the state file. The blob will show as 'Leased' under the leased state column. Select the state file and hit the 'break lease' button.
Lease state on the state file blob should then show as 'broken', and you can kick off the next Terraform run.
You can also use Azure CLI to do this, e.g.
```
az storage blob lease break -b terraform.tfstate -c myAzureStorageAccountContainerName --account-name "myAzureStorageAccountName" --account-key "myAzureStorageAccountAccessKey"
```
Or, using [Terraform you can force the unlock](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-force-unlock), (get the LockID from the error) e.g.
```
terraform force-unlock <LockId>
```
You can also specify the `lock=false` option which as mentioned might be dangerous if others might be concurrently running against the same state file, so it is better to fix the issue using the steps above.
### 8\. `terraform init -lock-timeout=<duration>`
With `terraform init -lock-timeout=<duration>` you can specify the maximum time Terraform should wait to acquire a lock on the state file during initialization.
### 9\. `terraform init -no-color`
`terraform init -no-color` initializes the Terraform working directory as usual, but with all color codes removed from the command output.
For example, when [using Terraform in an Azure DevOps release pipeline](https://spacelift.io/blog/terraform-azure-devops), you may notice that the encoding on the console output has annoying characters displayed. This is caused by Terraform attempting to output colors to the console to signify additions, deleting, changes, etc. Azure DevOps can't handle this. Examples are as follows:
### 10\. `terraform init -plugin-dir`
You can use `terraform init` with the `-plugin-dir` option to specify an alternate directory for Terraform to install and look for provider plugins*.*
You can use pre-installed plugins by either putting them in the same directory as the Terraform binary or by setting the `-plugin-dir` flag. This might be desirable when you have connectivity issues or restrictions to [https://releases.hashicorp.com](https://releases.hashicorp.com/).
### 11\. `terraform init -upgrade`
`terraform init -upgrade` is useful when any pinned provider versions have been changed and you want to force Terraform to search for the latest version.
For example, if I pin my provider version for `azuread` to version 2.17.0, on running `terraform init` for the first time, this is the version that will be installed.
```
azuread = {
source = "hashicorp/azuread"
version = "=2.17.0"
}
```
If I then proceed to remove the version constraint from the `azuread` provider:
```
azuread = {
source = "hashicorp/azuread"
}
```
Then re-run `terraform init` you will notice that Terraform reports that it will use the previously installed version (still version 2.17.0) rather than searching again for the latest version.
When re-runnig with the upgrade flag, you will notice that Terraform searches for the latest version of the `azuread` provider (v2.18.0 at the time of writing). Notice that any modules in the configuration have also been upgraded.
### 12\. `terraform init -migrate-state`
`terraform init -migrate-state` lets you migrate your Terraform state data from one backend to another when changing backend configurations
### 13\. `terraform init -reconfigure`
`terraform init -reconfigure` option is used to reconfigure the backend for an existing Terraform working directory while ignoring any previously saved configuration.
### 14\. `terraform init -ignore-remote-version`
`terraform init -ignore-remote-version` command is a rarely used option that lets you override checking that the local and remote Terraform versions agree when using the remote backend, allowing an operation to proceed even when there is a version mismatch.
##Key points
The `terraform init` command is the first command you should use to prepare the working directory. `terraform init` specifically performs the following actions:
- Backend Initialization
- Child Module Installation
- Plugin Installation
It is always safe to run `terraform init`. It can be used in automation and comes with a myriad of options that can be used to further control its behavior.
**Note**: New versions of Terraform will be placed under the BUSL license, but everything created before version 1.5.x stays open-source. [OpenTofu](https://opentofu.org/) is an open-source version of Terraform that will expand on Terraform's existing concepts and offerings. It is a viable alternative to HashiCorp's Terraform, being forked from Terraform version 1.5.6.
Don't forget to take a look at how [Spacelift helps you manage the complexities and compliance challenges of using Terraform](https://docs.spacelift.io/vendors/terraform/). It brings with it a GitOps flow, so your infrastructure repository is synced with your Terraform Stacks, and pull requests show you a preview of what they're planning to change. It also has an extensive selection of policies, which lets you automate compliance checks and build complex multi-stack workflows. You may also check how [initialization policies work with Spacelift](https://docs.spacelift.io/concepts/policy/run-initialization-policy).
_Written by Jack Roper and Flavius Dinu._ | spacelift_team |
1,876,258 | How to learn Nest JS? | Learning NestJS can be a rewarding experience as it is a powerful framework for building efficient... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:39:00 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-learn-nest-js-20nc | Learning NestJS can be a rewarding experience as it is a powerful framework for building efficient and scalable server-side applications. Here's a structured guide to help you get started with NestJS:
### Step 1: Understand the Basics of Node.js and TypeScript
Before diving into NestJS, make sure you have a solid understanding of Node.js and TypeScript.
1. **Node.js Basics**:
- Understand the event-driven architecture.
- Learn how to create a basic server using Node.js and Express.js.
- Familiarize yourself with asynchronous programming using callbacks, promises, and async/await.
2. **TypeScript Basics**:
- Learn the basic syntax and features of TypeScript.
- Understand interfaces, classes, and modules.
- Learn about decorators and their usage.
### Step 2: Set Up Your Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Nest CLI**:
The Nest CLI is a powerful tool to initialize, develop, and maintain NestJS applications.
```bash
npm install -g @nestjs/cli
```
### Step 3: Create a New NestJS Project
1. **Create a New Project**:
```bash
nest new my-nestjs-app
cd my-nestjs-app
```
2. **Run the Application**:
```bash
npm run start
```
This will start the development server and your application will be running on `http://localhost:3000`.
### Step 4: Understand the Project Structure
When you create a new NestJS project, you'll see the following structure:
```
my-nestjs-app/
├── src/
│ ├── app.controller.spec.ts
│ ├── app.controller.ts
│ ├── app.module.ts
│ ├── app.service.ts
│ ├── main.ts
├── test/
├── node_modules/
├── .eslintrc.js
├── .prettierrc
├── nest-cli.json
├── package.json
├── README.md
├── tsconfig.build.json
└── tsconfig.json
```
### Step 5: Learn the Basics of NestJS
1. **Modules**:
- Modules are the building blocks of a NestJS application. They help in organizing the application structure.
- Example: `app.module.ts`
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
@Module({
imports: [],
controllers: [AppController],
providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule {}
```
2. **Controllers**:
- Controllers handle incoming requests and return responses to the client.
- Example: `app.controller.ts`
```typescript
import { Controller, Get } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
@Controller()
export class AppController {
constructor(private readonly appService: AppService) {}
@Get()
getHello(): string {
return this.appService.getHello();
}
}
```
3. **Services**:
- Services are used to handle business logic.
- Example: `app.service.ts`
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
@Injectable()
export class AppService {
getHello(): string {
return 'Hello World!';
}
}
```
### Step 6: Create a Simple Application
Let's create a simple CRUD application to manage users.
1. **Generate a New Module**:
```bash
nest generate module users
```
2. **Generate a Controller**:
```bash
nest generate controller users
```
3. **Generate a Service**:
```bash
nest generate service users
```
4. **Update Users Service**:
Open `src/users/users.service.ts` and implement basic CRUD operations.
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
interface User {
id: number;
name: string;
age: number;
}
@Injectable()
export class UsersService {
private users: User[] = [];
findAll(): User[] {
return this.users;
}
findOne(id: number): User {
return this.users.find(user => user.id === id);
}
create(user: User): void {
this.users.push(user);
}
update(id: number, updatedUser: User): void {
const userIndex = this.users.findIndex(user => user.id === id);
if (userIndex > -1) {
this.users[userIndex] = updatedUser;
}
}
delete(id: number): void {
this.users = this.users.filter(user => user.id !== id);
}
}
```
5. **Update Users Controller**:
Open `src/users/users.controller.ts` and implement the endpoints.
```typescript
import { Controller, Get, Post, Body, Param, Put, Delete } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UsersService } from './users.service';
@Controller('users')
export class UsersController {
constructor(private readonly usersService: UsersService) {}
@Get()
findAll() {
return this.usersService.findAll();
}
@Get(':id')
findOne(@Param('id') id: number) {
return this.usersService.findOne(id);
}
@Post()
create(@Body() user: { id: number; name: string; age: number }) {
this.usersService.create(user);
}
@Put(':id')
update(@Param('id') id: number, @Body() user: { id: number; name: string; age: number }) {
this.usersService.update(id, user);
}
@Delete(':id')
remove(@Param('id') id: number) {
this.usersService.delete(id);
}
}
```
6. **Update Users Module**:
Open `src/users/users.module.ts` and import the service and controller.
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UsersService } from './users.service';
import { UsersController } from './users.controller';
@Module({
controllers: [UsersController],
providers: [UsersService],
})
export class UsersModule {}
```
7. **Integrate Users Module in App Module**:
Open `src/app.module.ts` and import the UsersModule.
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
import { UsersModule } from './users/users.module';
@Module({
imports: [UsersModule],
controllers: [AppController],
providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule {}
```
8. **Run the Application**:
```bash
npm run start
```
9. **Test the Application**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the CRUD endpoints.
### Step 7: Learn More Advanced NestJS Features
1. **Middleware**:
- Middleware functions are executed before the route handler.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Injectable, NestMiddleware } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Request, Response, NextFunction } from 'express';
@Injectable()
export class LoggerMiddleware implements NestMiddleware {
use(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) {
console.log(`Request...`);
next();
}
}
```
2. **Interceptors**:
- Interceptors are used to transform the response or handle exceptions.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Injectable, NestInterceptor, ExecutionContext, CallHandler } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { map } from 'rxjs/operators';
@Injectable()
export class TransformInterceptor implements NestInterceptor {
intercept(context: ExecutionContext, next: CallHandler): Observable<any> {
return next.handle().pipe(map(data => ({ data })));
}
}
```
3. **Guards**:
- Guards are used for authentication and authorization.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Injectable, CanActivate, ExecutionContext } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
@Injectable()
export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate {
canActivate(
context: ExecutionContext,
): boolean | Promise<boolean> | Observable<boolean> {
const request = context.switchToHttp().getRequest();
return validateRequest(request);
}
}
```
4. **Pipes**:
- Pipes are used to transform and validate data.
- Example:
```typescript
import { PipeTransform, Injectable, ArgumentMetadata, BadRequestException } from '@nestjs/common';
@Injectable()
export class ParseIntPipe implements PipeTransform<string, number> {
transform(value: string, metadata: ArgumentMetadata): number {
const val = parseInt(value, 10);
if (isNaN(val)) {
throw new BadRequestException('Validation failed');
}
return val;
}
}
```
### Step 8: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing**:
- NestJS uses Jest for unit testing.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Test, TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
import
{ UsersService } from './users.service';
describe('UsersService', () => {
let service: UsersService;
beforeEach(async () => {
const module: TestingModule = await Test.createTestingModule({
providers: [UsersService],
}).compile();
service = module.get<UsersService>(UsersService);
});
it('should be defined', () => {
expect(service).toBeDefined();
});
});
```
2. **End-to-End Testing**:
- Use Supertest for end-to-end testing.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Test, TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
import { INestApplication } from '@nestjs/common';
import * as request from 'supertest';
import { AppModule } from './../src/app.module';
describe('AppController (e2e)', () => {
let app: INestApplication;
beforeEach(async () => {
const moduleFixture: TestingModule = await Test.createTestingModule({
imports: [AppModule],
}).compile();
app = moduleFixture.createNestApplication();
await app.init();
});
it('/ (GET)', () => {
return request(app.getHttpServer())
.get('/')
.expect(200)
.expect('Hello World!');
});
});
```
### Step 9: Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [NestJS Official Documentation](https://docs.nestjs.com/)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [NestJS - A Progressive Node.js Framework (Udemy)](https://www.udemy.com/course/nestjs-a-progressive-nodejs-framework/)
3. **Books**:
- "Mastering NestJS" by Kamil Myśliwiec
4. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [Scotch.io NestJS Tutorials](https://scotch.io/tutorials/building-a-simple-app-using-nestjs)
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [NestJS Discord Community](https://discord.com/invite/G7Qnnhy)
- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/nestjs)
### Step 10: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**:
- Build applications like an e-commerce platform, blog, or social media app.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**:
- Contribute to open source NestJS projects on GitHub.
### Step 11: Stay Updated
1. **Follow NestJS Updates**:
- Follow the [NestJS blog](https://trilon.io/blog)
- Join NestJS newsletters
- Attend NestJS conferences and meetups
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in NestJS, enabling you to create powerful and efficient server-side applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Sure! Let's dive into NestJS, a powerful, efficient, and scalable server-side Node.js framework built with TypeScript. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you get started with NestJS:
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Nest CLI**:
The Nest CLI is a powerful tool to initialize, develop, and maintain NestJS applications.
```bash
npm install -g @nestjs/cli
```
### Step 2: Create a New NestJS Project
1. **Create a New Project**:
```bash
nest new my-nestjs-app
cd my-nestjs-app
```
2. **Run the Application**:
```bash
npm run start
```
This will start the development server and your application will be running on `http://localhost:3000`.
### Step 3: Understand the Project Structure
When you create a new NestJS project, you'll see the following structure:
```
my-nestjs-app/
├── src/
│ ├── app.controller.spec.ts
│ ├── app.controller.ts
│ ├── app.module.ts
│ ├── app.service.ts
│ ├── main.ts
├── test/
├── node_modules/
├── .eslintrc.js
├── .prettierrc
├── nest-cli.json
├── package.json
├── README.md
├── tsconfig.build.json
└── tsconfig.json
```
### Step 4: Learn the Basics of NestJS
1. **Main Entry Point**:
- `src/main.ts` is the entry point of the application.
```typescript
import { NestFactory } from '@nestjs/core';
import { AppModule } from './app.module';
async function bootstrap() {
const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule);
await app.listen(3000);
}
bootstrap();
```
2. **Modules**:
- Modules are the building blocks of a NestJS application.
- `src/app.module.ts`:
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
@Module({
imports: [],
controllers: [AppController],
providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule {}
```
3. **Controllers**:
- Controllers handle incoming requests and return responses to the client.
- `src/app.controller.ts`:
```typescript
import { Controller, Get } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
@Controller()
export class AppController {
constructor(private readonly appService: AppService) {}
@Get()
getHello(): string {
return this.appService.getHello();
}
}
```
4. **Services**:
- Services are used to handle business logic.
- `src/app.service.ts`:
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
@Injectable()
export class AppService {
getHello(): string {
return 'Hello World!';
}
}
```
### Step 5: Create a Simple Application
Let's create a simple CRUD application to manage users.
1. **Generate a New Module**:
```bash
nest generate module users
```
2. **Generate a Controller**:
```bash
nest generate controller users
```
3. **Generate a Service**:
```bash
nest generate service users
```
4. **Update Users Service**:
Open `src/users/users.service.ts` and implement basic CRUD operations.
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
interface User {
id: number;
name: string;
age: number;
}
@Injectable()
export class UsersService {
private users: User[] = [];
findAll(): User[] {
return this.users;
}
findOne(id: number): User {
return this.users.find(user => user.id === id);
}
create(user: User): void {
this.users.push(user);
}
update(id: number, updatedUser: User): void {
const userIndex = this.users.findIndex(user => user.id === id);
if (userIndex > -1) {
this.users[userIndex] = updatedUser;
}
}
delete(id: number): void {
this.users = this.users.filter(user => user.id !== id);
}
}
```
5. **Update Users Controller**:
Open `src/users/users.controller.ts` and implement the endpoints.
```typescript
import { Controller, Get, Post, Body, Param, Put, Delete } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UsersService } from './users.service';
@Controller('users')
export class UsersController {
constructor(private readonly usersService: UsersService) {}
@Get()
findAll() {
return this.usersService.findAll();
}
@Get(':id')
findOne(@Param('id') id: number) {
return this.usersService.findOne(id);
}
@Post()
create(@Body() user: { id: number; name: string; age: number }) {
this.usersService.create(user);
}
@Put(':id')
update(@Param('id') id: number, @Body() user: { id: number; name: string; age: number }) {
this.usersService.update(id, user);
}
@Delete(':id')
remove(@Param('id') id: number) {
this.usersService.delete(id);
}
}
```
6. **Update Users Module**:
Open `src/users/users.module.ts` and import the service and controller.
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UsersService } from './users.service';
import { UsersController } from './users.controller';
@Module({
controllers: [UsersController],
providers: [UsersService],
})
export class UsersModule {}
```
7. **Integrate Users Module in App Module**:
Open `src/app.module.ts` and import the UsersModule.
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
import { UsersModule } from './users/users.module';
@Module({
imports: [UsersModule],
controllers: [AppController],
providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule {}
```
8. **Run the Application**:
```bash
npm run start
```
9. **Test the Application**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the CRUD endpoints.
### Step 6: Learn More Advanced NestJS Features
1. **Middleware**:
Middleware functions are executed before the route handler.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Injectable, NestMiddleware } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Request, Response, NextFunction } from 'express';
@Injectable()
export class LoggerMiddleware implements NestMiddleware {
use(req: Request, res: Response, next: NextFunction) {
console.log(`Request...`);
next();
}
}
```
2. **Interceptors**:
Interceptors are used to transform the response or handle exceptions.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Injectable, NestInterceptor, ExecutionContext, CallHandler } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { map } from 'rxjs/operators';
@Injectable()
export class TransformInterceptor implements NestInterceptor {
intercept(context: ExecutionContext, next: CallHandler): Observable<any> {
return next.handle().pipe(map(data => ({ data })));
}
}
```
3. **Guards**:
Guards are used for authentication and authorization.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Injectable, CanActivate, ExecutionContext } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
@Injectable()
export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate {
canActivate(
context: ExecutionContext,
): boolean | Promise<boolean> | Observable<boolean> {
const request = context.switchToHttp().getRequest();
return validateRequest(request);
}
}
```
4. **Pipes**:
Pipes are used to transform and validate data.
- Example:
```typescript
import { PipeTransform, Injectable, ArgumentMetadata, BadRequestException } from '@nestjs/common';
@Injectable()
export class ParseIntPipe implements PipeTransform<string, number> {
transform(value: string, metadata: ArgumentMetadata): number {
const val = parseInt(value, 10);
if (isNaN(val)) {
throw new BadRequestException('Validation failed');
}
return val;
}
}
```
### Step 7: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing**:
- NestJS uses Jest for unit testing.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Test, TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
import { UsersService } from './users.service';
describe('UsersService', () => {
let service: UsersService;
beforeEach(async () => {
const module: TestingModule = await Test.createTestingModule({
providers: [Users
Service],
}).compile();
service = module.get<UsersService>(UsersService);
});
it('should be defined', () => {
expect(service).toBeDefined();
});
});
```
2. **End-to-End Testing**:
- Use Supertest for end-to-end testing.
- Example:
```typescript
import { Test, TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
import { INestApplication } from '@nestjs/common';
import * as request from 'supertest';
import { AppModule } from './../src/app.module';
describe('AppController (e2e)', () => {
let app: INestApplication;
beforeEach(async () => {
const moduleFixture: TestingModule = await Test.createTestingModule({
imports: [AppModule],
}).compile();
app = moduleFixture.createNestApplication();
await app.init();
});
it('/ (GET)', () => {
return request(app.getHttpServer())
.get('/')
.expect(200)
.expect('Hello World!');
});
});
```
### Step 8: Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [NestJS Official Documentation](https://docs.nestjs.com/)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [NestJS - A Progressive Node.js Framework (Udemy)](https://www.udemy.com/course/nestjs-a-progressive-nodejs-framework/)
3. **Books**:
- "Mastering NestJS" by Kamil Myśliwiec
4. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [Scotch.io NestJS Tutorials](https://scotch.io/tutorials/building-a-simple-app-using-nestjs)
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [NestJS Discord Community](https://discord.com/invite/G7Qnnhy)
- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/nestjs)
### Step 9: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**:
- Build applications like an e-commerce platform, blog, or social media app.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**:
- Contribute to open source NestJS projects on GitHub.
### Step 10: Stay Updated
1. **Follow NestJS Updates**:
- Follow the [NestJS blog](https://trilon.io/blog)
- Join NestJS newsletters
- Attend NestJS conferences and meetups
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in NestJS, enabling you to create powerful and efficient server-side applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
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#### Understanding Environment Variable Precedence
Docker Compose uses the following order of precedence for environment variables:
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2. **Environment variables defined in the `docker-compose.yml` file**.
3. **Environment variables defined in the `.env` file**.
To ensure that the environment variables from the `.env` file are used, you need to unset any conflicting environment variables in your shell.
#### Step-by-Step Guide
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```bash
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```
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```bash
docker compose up -d --build
```
3. **Automate the Process with a Script**:
To streamline the process, you can create a script that unsets the environment variables and then runs Docker Compose. Here’s an example script named `restart.sh`:
```shell:scripts/restart.sh
#!/usr/bin/env sh
set -e
# Unset environment variables that might be set in the shell
unset BACKEND_CORS_ORIGINS
# Stop and remove existing containers, volumes, and networks
docker compose down -v --remove-orphans
# Build and start the containers
docker compose up -d --build
```
Save this script and run it whenever you update the `.env` file:
```bash
sh scripts/restart.sh
```
4. **Verify the Environment Variables**:
After starting the containers, you can verify that the environment variables are set correctly inside the running container:
```bash
docker compose exec backend env | grep BACKEND_CORS_ORIGINS
```
#### Conclusion
By unsetting environment variables in your shell before running Docker Compose, you can ensure that the variables defined in your `.env` file are used. This approach helps avoid conflicts and ensures that your Docker containers are configured correctly. Automating the process with a script can save time and reduce the risk of errors.
By following these steps, you can avoid common pitfalls and ensure that your Docker Compose environment is set up correctly. | mochafreddo |
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1,876,254 | Intro to React Native | This blog is a comprehensive guide for beginners who are looking to use react software for their... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:34:28 | https://dev.to/ajgamer/intro-to-react-native-3b4g | beginners, tutorial, react, javascript | This blog is a comprehensive guide for beginners who are looking to use react software for their wants and needs. First, before we dive into the code, let's complete a quick history lesson about what react is exactly.
## **What is React Native?**
React Native was developed by Facebook as an open-source framework that allows developers to create cross-platform apps using JavaScript and React. This software has emerged as one of the most popular frameworks for building mobile applications and it enables developers to use the same codebase to create applications for both iOS and Android. Unlike other cross-platform frameworks that use WebView, React Native directly translates components into native ones, resulting in better performance and a more native feel.
**Environment Set Up**
Now before we start, you need to set up your development environment. Ensure you have [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/learn/getting-started/introduction-to-nodejs) installed, then install the React Native CLI by running:
```
npm install -g react-native-cli
```
You can then create a new project with:
```
react-native init MyNewProject
cd MyNewProject
```
Congratulations, you've successfully installed React and created your first project with the framework!
**Say Hello**
As usual a quick and easy way to familiarize yourself with a new environment is to start with a hello function. So now open the App.js file and replace its contents with the following code:
```
import React from 'react';
import { StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native';
const App = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Hello, World!</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
});
export default App;
```
**Explanation**
**1. Imports:**
```
import React from 'react';
import { StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native';
```
Here, we're importing the core components from React and React Native. _View_ is similar to div in HTML, _Text_ is used to display text, and _StyleSheet_ is used for styling.
**2. App Component:**
```
const App = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Hello, World!</Text>
</View>
);
};
```
The _App_ component returns a _View_ component that contains a _Text_ component. The _Text_ component displays "Hello, World!" on the screen.
**3. Styling:**
```
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#F5FCFF',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
});
```
The `StyleSheet.create` method is used to create styles for the components instead of CSS. The _container style_ centers the content both vertically and horizontally, and the _text style_ sets the font size and text alignment.
**Core Components**
React Native offers several core components for building user interfaces. Here are a few essential ones:
1. View: The fundamental building block for UI, similar to div in HTML.
2. Text: For displaying text.
3. Image: For displaying images.
4. TextInput: For input fields.
5. Button: For clickable buttons.
Here is an example of using some of the core components:
```
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { View, Text, TextInput, Button, Image, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const App = () => {
const [name, setName] = useState('');
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Welcome to React Native!</Text>
<TextInput
style={styles.input}
placeholder="Enter your name"
onChangeText={text => setName(text)}
value={name}
/>
<Button title="Greet" onPress={() => alert(`Hello, ${name}!`)} />
<Image
style={styles.image}
source={{ uri: 'https://reactnative.dev/img/tiny_logo.png' }}
/>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 24,
marginBottom: 20,
},
input: {
height: 40,
borderColor: 'gray',
borderWidth: 1,
marginBottom: 20,
padding: 10,
width: '80%',
},
image: {
width: 100,
height: 100,
},
});
export default App;
```
**Explanation: Part 2**
**1. State Management**
```
const [name, setName] = useState('');
```
We use the `useState` hook to create a state variable name and a function `setName` to update it. Initially, _name_ is an empty string.
**2. Text Component**
```
<Text style={styles.text}>Welcome to React Native!</Text>
```
Displays a welcome message. The style prop applies the text style defined in the `StyleSheet`.
**3. TextInput Component**
```
<TextInput
style={styles.input}
placeholder="Enter your name"
onChangeText={text => setName(text)}
value={name}
/>
```
Creates an input field. The onChangeText prop updates the name state with the text entered by the user. The value prop sets the current value of the input to name.
**4. Button Component**
```
<Button title="Greet" onPress={() => alert(`Hello, ${name}!`)} />
```
Displays a button that, when pressed, shows an alert with the message "Hello, {name}!".
**5. Image Component**
```
<Image
style={styles.image}
source={{ uri: 'https://reactnative.dev/img/tiny_logo.png' }}
/>
```
Displays an image from a URL. The _source_ prop takes an object with a _uri_ key pointing to the image URL.
**6. Styling (Never forget this part.)**
```
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 24,
marginBottom: 20,
},
input: {
height: 40,
borderColor: 'gray',
borderWidth: 1,
marginBottom: 20,
padding: 10,
width: '80%',
},
image: {
width: 100,
height: 100,
},
});
```
The _container_ style centers the content, the _text_ style sets the font size and margin, the _input_ style defines the input field's dimensions and appearance, and the _image_ style sets the image size.
## **Navigation**
Navigation in React Native is handled by libraries like React Navigation. To get started, install React Navigation:
```
npm install @react-navigation/native
npm install @react-navigation/stack
npm install react-native-screens react-native-safe-area-context
```
Here's a basic example of navigation:
```
import * as React from 'react';
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/stack';
import { View, Text, Button } from 'react-native';
const HomeScreen = ({ navigation }) => {
return (
<View style={{ flex: 1, justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center' }}>
<Text>Home Screen</Text>
<Button
title="Go to Details"
onPress={() => navigation.navigate('Details')}
/>
</View>
);
};
const DetailsScreen = () => {
return (
<View style={{ flex: 1, justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center' }}>
<Text>Details Screen</Text>
</View>
);
};
const Stack = createStackNavigator();
const App = () => {
return (
<NavigationContainer>
<Stack.Navigator initialRouteName="Home">
<Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
<Stack.Screen name="Details" component={DetailsScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
</NavigationContainer>
);
};
export default App;
```
**Explantion**
**1. Navigation Components**
```
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/stack';
```
We import the `NavigationContainer` and `createStackNavigator` from React Navigation. The `NavigationContainer` manages our app's navigation state, while `createStackNavigator` helps us create a _stack-based_ navigation system.
**2. HomeScreen Component**
```
const HomeScreen = ({ navigation }) => {
return (
<View style={{ flex: 1, justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center' }}>
<Text>Home Screen</Text>
<Button
title="Go to Details"
onPress={() => navigation.navigate('Details')}
/>
</View>
);
};
```
This component displays a "Home Screen" message and a button. When the button is pressed, it navigates to the "Details" screen using the navigate method from the navigation prop.
**3. DetailsScreen Component**
```
const DetailsScreen = () => {
return (
<View style={{ flex: 1, justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center' }}>
<Text>Details Screen</Text>
</View>
);
};
```
This component displays a "Details Screen" message.
**4. Stack Navigator**
```
const Stack = createStackNavigator();
```
Here we create a stack navigator instance for our code.
**5. App Component**
```
const App = () => {
return (
<NavigationContainer>
<Stack.Navigator initialRouteName="Home">
<Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
<Stack.Screen name="Details" component={DetailsScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
</NavigationContainer>
);
};
```
The _App_ component sets up the navigation container and the stack navigator. The `initialRouteName` prop specifies the initial screen to display. Each `Stack.Screen` component defines a route, associating a name with a component.
**In Conclusion**
React Native simplifies mobile app development by allowing developers to use a single codebase for both iOS and Android. With core components, easy setup, and extensive documentation, it's a great choice for building high-performance mobile applications.
For further reading, check out the official [React Native documentation](https://reactnative.dev/docs/getting-started) and the [React Navigation guide](https://reactnavigation.org/docs/getting-started/). | ajgamer |
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1,876,252 | Luxury Wedding Resorts in Bangalore: The Perfect Venue for Your Big Day | ` Introduction to Bangalore and its growing popularity as a wedding destination Welcome to the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:30:31 | https://dev.to/area83/luxury-wedding-resorts-in-bangalore-the-perfect-venue-for-your-big-day-48en | weddingvenue, weddingresorts | `<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction to Bangalore and its growing popularity as a wedding destination</strong></h2>
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Factors to consider when choosing a wedding resort in Bangalore</strong></h2>
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Unique features and amenities offered by each resort</strong></h2>
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong></h2>
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<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>` | area83 |
1,875,898 | ArchitectAI for SharePoint | Imagine a new addition to your SharePoint toolbox: ArchitectAI for SharePoint. This innovative... | 26,452 | 2024-06-04T06:30:00 | https://intranetfromthetrenches.substack.com/p/architectai-for-sharepoint | sharepoint, ai | Imagine a new addition to your SharePoint toolbox: **ArchitectAI for SharePoint**. This innovative application leverages the power of Generative AI (Gen AI) to go beyond just answering questions.
*ArchitectAI for SharePoint* acts as your conversational guide, helping you design an optimized information layout for your SharePoint Online site.
The beauty of *ArchitectAI for SharePoint*? It even generates a bit of PowerShell code to streamline the setup process for administrators and advanced users.
I hope the prospect of building a conversational assistant like *ArchitectAI for SharePoint*, or a similar application using the techniques outlined here, excites you as much as it did me while developing it!
{% embed https://youtu.be/j0g0B-s9_tY?si=wbQPISYh9PIdfgYV %}
## Prompt Engineering
Building effective Gen AI applications hinges on providing the right background information. Think of it as giving Gen AI a clear roadmap. We need to tell it:
- **Its Mission:** What's the task at hand? Is it generating content, making recommendations, or something else entirely?
- **The Information Highway:** What specific details does Gen AI need to access to complete the task?
- **The Destination:** What kind of answer are we expecting? Structured data (like JSON), plain text, or something else?
Fortunately, Gen AI is multilingual – it understands various prompt formats. One popular method is TAG (Task, Action, Goal):
- **Task:** The overall objective (e.g., "Generate document outlines").
- **Action:** How Gen AI should achieve the task (e.g., "Analyze keywords").
- **Goal:** The desired outcome (e.g., "Create outlines with relevant sections").
While TAG is a powerful tool, there are other options like APE, CARE, TRACE, etc. (These are specific prompt formats and exploring them individually might be outside the scope of this blog post).
**Specifying the Answer Format is Key**
Crucially, we need to be very clear about the format we want the answer in. Remember, our application interacts with Gen AI, not us directly. For ArchitectAI for SharePoint, the desired answer format might be:
```TypeScript
{
explanation: string,
architecture: {
site: 'Communication site' | 'Team site',
lists: [
{
name: string,
description: string,
columns: [
{
name: string,
description: string
}
]
}
],
libraries: [
{
name: string,
description: string,
columns: [
{
name: string,
description: string
}
]
}
]
},
question: string,
code: {
powershell: string
}
}
```
By providing clear instructions and specifying the desired answer format, we empower Gen AI to deliver the most valuable and actionable results for applications like ArchitectAI for SharePoint.
## What else
We've discussed how crafting clear prompts is crucial for guiding Gen AI to generate the information we need. However, the power of Gen AI extends far beyond simply providing answers to questions.
Think beyond *question-and-answer formats*. Imagine an application where you can have a natural conversation with Gen AI to troubleshoot a technical problem. You describe the issue, and Gen AI asks clarifying questions, analyzes the information, and guides you through solutions in a step-by-step dialogue.
*Learning and training* can also benefit from the conversational approach. Imagine a platform that personalizes content and explanations based on your specific learning style. Through conversation, Gen AI assesses your knowledge level, identifies areas for improvement, and provides tailored resources, making the learning process more engaging and effective.
These are just a few examples, and the possibilities are constantly expanding. As Gen AI continues to evolve, we can expect even more innovative ways to leverage the power of conversation in building applications that are not only informative but also engaging and interactive.
## References
- *ArchitectAI for SharePoint: [https://youtu.be/j0g0B-s9_tY?si=wbQPISYh9PIdfgYV](https://youtu.be/j0g0B-s9_tY?si=wbQPISYh9PIdfgYV)*
- *9 ChatGPT Frameworks To Master Prompt Engineering: [https://aiforspecialists.com/9-chatgpt-frameworks-master-prompt-engineering/](https://aiforspecialists.com/9-chatgpt-frameworks-master-prompt-engineering/)* | jaloplo |
1,876,251 | Essential Tips for Launching a Startup on Magento Development | Introduction In today's digital age, launching a successful startup requires careful planning and... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:29:17 | https://dev.to/hirelaraveldevelopers/essential-tips-for-launching-a-startup-on-magento-development-22ib | <h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>In today's digital age, launching a successful startup requires careful planning and execution. With the e-commerce market booming, selecting the right platform for your online business is crucial. Magento, a powerful and customizable e-commerce platform, offers a plethora of features tailored for startups. However, to maximize its potential, you need to implement effective strategies right from the start.</p>
<h3>Understanding Magento Development</h3>
<p>Magento stands out as a leading e-commerce platform due to its scalability, flexibility, and extensive customization options. Understanding the intricacies of Magento development is essential for harnessing its full potential. Its robust architecture and vast community support make it an ideal choice for startups looking to establish a strong online presence.</p>
<h3>Market Research and Analysis</h3>
<p>Before diving into development, conduct comprehensive market research to understand your target audience and competitors. Analyze market trends and identify gaps that your startup can fill. This insight will help you tailor your Magento store to meet the specific needs of your target market.</p>
<h3>Defining Your Niche</h3>
<p>Identify your niche and define your unique selling proposition (USP) to differentiate your startup from competitors. Understanding what sets you apart will not only attract customers but also guide your development process.</p>
<h3>Creating a Solid Business Plan</h3>
<p>A well-defined business plan is crucial for guiding your startup's growth. Outline your objectives, target audience, and financial projections. Having a clear roadmap will keep you focused and help secure funding if needed.</p>
<h3>Choosing the Right Magento Version</h3>
<p>Decide whether Magento Community or Magento Enterprise is the right fit for your startup. Consider factors like scalability, support, and budget when making your decision.</p>
<h3>Hiring Experienced Magento Developers</h3>
<p>Invest in skilled <a href="https://www.aistechnolabs.com/hire-magento-developers/">Hire Magento developers</a> who have experience in building successful e-commerce websites. A competent development team will ensure your Magento store is built to the highest standards.</p>
<h3>Designing a User-Friendly Website</h3>
<p>User experience is paramount in e-commerce. Design a visually appealing and intuitive website that makes navigation easy for customers. Ensure your website is responsive across all devices to cater to mobile users.</p>
<h3>Optimizing for SEO</h3>
<p>Implement SEO best practices to improve your website's visibility in search engine results. Optimize product descriptions, meta tags, and URLs to drive organic traffic to your Magento store.</p>
<h3>Integration of Essential Features</h3>
<p>Integrate essential features like payment gateways, shipping options, and security measures seamlessly into your Magento store. Choose reliable third-party extensions and modules to enhance functionality.</p>
<h3>Testing and Quality Assurance</h3>
<p>Thoroughly test your Magento website to identify and fix any bugs or glitches before launch. Conduct quality assurance checks to ensure a smooth user experience for your customers.</p>
<h3>Launching Your Magento Startup</h3>
<p>Plan a strategic launch timeline and execute effective marketing strategies to generate buzz around your brand. Leverage social media, email marketing, and content marketing to reach your target audience.</p>
<h3>Monitoring and Analytics</h3>
<p>Utilize analytics tools to track website performance and monitor key metrics such as traffic, conversion rates, and sales. Analyze user behavior to make data-driven decisions for optimizing your Magento store.</p>
<h3>Customer Support and Feedback</h3>
<p>Provide excellent customer support to address any inquiries or issues promptly. Encourage customer feedback to gain valuable insights and improve your products and services continuously.</p>
<h3>Scaling Your Magento Startup</h3>
<p>As your business grows, scale your operations accordingly. Expand your product offerings, explore new markets, and invest in marketing efforts to sustain momentum and drive continued growth.</p>
<hr />
<h4>Conclusion</h4>
<p>Launching a startup on Magento development requires careful planning and execution. By following these essential tips, you can set your Magento startup on the path to success and establish a strong online presence in the competitive e-commerce landscape.</p>
<hr />
<h4>FAQs</h4>
<ol>
<li>
<p><strong>Why choose Magento for startup development?</strong> Magento offers scalability, flexibility, and extensive customization options tailored for startups.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>How can I ensure my Magento website is SEO-optimized?</strong> Implement SEO best practices such as optimizing product descriptions, meta tags, and URLs.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>What factors should I consider when choosing between Magento Community and Magento Enterprise?</strong> Consider scalability, support, and budget when deciding which version is right for your startup.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>How important is market research for launching a Magento startup?</strong> Market research helps you understand your target audience and identify gaps in the market that your startup can fill.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>What role does customer feedback play in the success of a Magento startup?</strong> Customer feedback provides valuable insights for improving products and services and enhancing the overall customer experience.</p>
</li>
</ol> | hirelaraveldevelopers | |
1,872,374 | Php Serialização | Serialização e Desserialização em PHP O que é Serialização? Serialização é o... | 0 | 2024-05-31T19:16:58 | https://dev.to/slns/php-serializacao-54o0 | php, serialização, desserialização | # Serialização e Desserialização em PHP
## O que é Serialização?
Serialização é o processo de converter um objeto ou uma estrutura de dados em uma string. Esta string pode ser armazenada em um arquivo, transmitida pela rede ou armazenada em um banco de dados. A principal vantagem da serialização é que ela permite salvar o estado de um objeto de uma forma que possa ser facilmente recuperada mais tarde.
## O que é Desserialização?
Desserialização é o processo inverso da serialização. Ela converte uma string serializada de volta em um objeto ou estrutura de dados original. Isso é útil para recuperar o estado de um objeto que foi salvo anteriormente.
## Funções de Serialização em PHP
PHP fornece funções embutidas para serialização e desserialização:
### `serialize()`
A função `serialize()` converte um valor PHP em uma string serializada.
```php
$dados = array('nome' => 'João', 'idade' => 30);
$string_serializada = serialize($dados);
echo $string_serializada;
```
Saída:
```
a:2:{s:4:"nome";s:4:"João";s:5:"idade";i:30;}
```
### `unserialize()`
A função `unserialize()` converte uma string serializada de volta ao seu valor original.
```php
$string_serializada = 'a:2:{s:4:"nome";s:4:"João";s:5:"idade";i:30;}';
$dados = unserialize($string_serializada);
print_r($dados);
```
Saída:
```
Array
(
[nome] => João
[idade] => 30
)
```
## Casos de Uso Comuns
### Armazenamento de Sessões
A serialização é frequentemente usada para armazenar dados de sessão. Quando um utilizador faz login em um site, seus dados podem ser armazenados em uma sessão usando `serialize()`. Quando o utilizador retorna, os dados da sessão podem ser recuperados com `unserialize()`.
### Cache de Dados
Serialização é útil para cache de dados complexos. Por exemplo, uma resposta de API pode ser serializada e armazenada em cache para evitar fazer a mesma chamada repetidamente.
### Persistência de Objetos
Objetos em PHP podem ser serializados e armazenados em um banco de dados. Quando necessário, eles podem ser recuperados e desserializados para restaurar seu estado original.
## Considerações de Segurança
Ao utilizar `unserialize()`, é importante ter cuidado, especialmente com dados vindos de fontes não confiáveis. Um dado malicioso pode explorar vulnerabilidades no código e levar à execução de código arbitrário. Portanto, evite desserializar dados não confiáveis ou valide e sanitize adequadamente os dados antes de desserializar.
## Exemplo Prático
Aqui está um exemplo completo de serialização e desserialização de um objeto.
### Classe Exemplo
```php
class Pessoa {
public $nome;
public $idade;
public function __construct($nome, $idade) {
$this->nome = $nome;
$this->idade = $idade;
}
}
// Criar um objeto
$pessoa = new Pessoa("Maria", 25);
// Serializar o objeto
$serializado = serialize($pessoa);
echo "Serializado: " . $serializado . "\n";
// Desserializar o objeto
$pessoa_desserializada = unserialize($serializado);
echo "Desserializado: " . $pessoa_desserializada->nome . ", " . $pessoa_desserializada->idade . "\n";
```
### Saída
```
Serializado: O:6:"Pessoa":2:{s:4:"nome";s:5:"Maria";s:5:"idade";i:25;}
Desserializado: Maria, 25
```
## Conclusão
A serialização e desserialização em PHP são técnicas poderosas para persistir e transmitir dados. Ao entender e utilizar corretamente `serialize()` e `unserialize()`, você pode facilmente salvar e restaurar o estado de dados complexos em suas aplicações PHP. | slns |
1,876,250 | How to implement strategies in Mylanguage | Summary In the previous article, we explained the premise of realizing the trading... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:28:29 | https://dev.to/fmzquant/how-to-implement-strategies-in-mylanguage-5k7 | mylanguage, strategy, trading, cryptocurrency | ## Summary
In the previous article, we explained the premise of realizing the trading strategy from the aspects of the introduction of the M language , the basic grammar, the model execution method, and the model classification. In this article, we will continue the previous part, from the commonly used strategy modules and technologies. Indicators, step by step to help you achieve a viable intraday quantitative trading strategy.
## Strategy Module
Think about it, how do you build a robot with Lego pieces? You can not always from top to bottom or from bottom to top, put together piece by piece. People with a little common sense know that they should put their heads, arms, legs, wings, etc. together, and then combine them into a complete robot. The same is true for writing programs, writing the required functions into single strategy module, and then combining these individual strategy modules into a complete trading strategy. Below I will list some common strategy modules:
## Stage Increase
Stage increase is calculating the percentage of current K line's closing price compare with previous N periods of closing price's difference. For example: Computing the latest 10 K-lines stage increases, can be written:
```
CLOSE_0:=CLOSE; //get the current K-line's closing price, and save the results to variable CLOSE_0.
CLOSE_10:=REF(CLOSE,10); //get the pervious 10 K-lines' closing price, and save the results to variable CLOSE_10
(CLOSE_0-CLOSE_10)/CLOSE_10*100;//calculating the percentage of current K line's closing price compare with previous N periods of closing price's difference.
```
## New high price
The new high price is calculated by whether the current K line is greater than N cycles' highest price. For example: calculating whether the current K line is greater than the latest 10 K-lines' highest price, can be written:
```
HHV_10:=HHV(HIGH,10); //Get the highest price of latest 10 K-lines, which includes the current K-line.
HIGH>REF(HHV_10,1); //Judge whether the current K-line's highest price is greater than pervious K-lines' HHV_10 value.
```
## Price raise with massive trading volume increase
For example: If the current K line's closing price is 1.5 times of the closing price of the previous 10 K-lines, which means in 10 days, the price has risen 50%; and the trading volume also increased more than 5 times of the pervious 10 K-lines. can be written:
```
CLOSE_10:=REF(CLOSE,10); //get the 10th K-line closing price
IS_CLOSE:=CLOSE/CLOSE_10>1.5; //Judging whether the current K Line closing price is 1.5 times greater than the value of CLOSE_10
VOL_MA_10:=MA(VOL,10); //get the latest 10 K-lines' average trading volume
IS_VOL:=VOL>VOL_MA_10*5; //Judging whether the current K-line's trading volume is 5 times greater than the value of VOL_MA_10
IS_CLOSE AND IS_VOL; //Judging whether the condition of IS_CLOSE and IS_VOL are both true.
```
## Price narrow-shock market
Narrow-shock market means that the price is maintained within a certain range in the recent period. For example: If the highest price in 10 cycles minus the lowest price in 10 cycles, the result divided by the current K-line's closing price is less than 0.05. can be written:
```
HHV_10:=HHV(CLOSE,10); //Get the highest price in 10 cycles(including current K-line)
LLV_10:=LLV(CLOSE,10); //Get the lowest price in 10 cycles(including current K-line)
(HHV_10-LLV_10)/CLOSE<0.05; //Judging whether the difference between HHV_10 and LLV_10 divided by current k-line's closing price is less than 0.05.
```
## Moving average indicates bull market
Moving Average indicates long and short direction, K line supported by or resisted by 5，10，20，30，60 moving average line, Moving average indicates bull market or bear market. can be written:
```
MA_5:=MA(CLOSE,5); //get the moving average of 5 cycle closing price.
MA_10:=MA(CLOSE,10);//get the moving average of 10 cycle closing price.
MA_20:=MA(CLOSE,20);//get the moving average of 20 cycle closing price.
MA_30:=MA(CLOSE,30);//get the moving average of 30 cycle closing price.
MA_5>MA_10 AND MA_10>MA_20 AND MA_20>MA_30; //determine wether the MA_5 is greater than MA_10, and MA_10 is greater than MA_20, and MA_20 is greater than MA_30.
```
## Previous high price and its locations
To obtain the location of the previous high price and its location, you can use FMZ Quant API directly. can be written:
```
HHV_20:=HHV(HIGH,20); //get the highest price of 20 cycle(including current K line)
HHVBARS_20:=HHVBARS(HIGH,20); //get the number of cycles from the highest price in 20 cycles to current K line
HHV_60_40:REF(HHV_20,40); //get the highest price between 60 cycles and 40 cycles.
```
## Price gap jumping
The price gap is the case where the highest and lowest prices of the two K lines are not connected. It consists of two K lines, and the price gap is the reference price of the support and pressure points in the future price movement. When a price gap occurs, it can be assumed that an acceleration along the trend with original direction has begun. can be written:
```
HHV_1:=REF(H,1); //get the pervious K line's highest price
LLV_1:=REF(L,1); //get the pervious K line's lowest price
HH:=L>HHV_1; //judging wether the current K line's lowest price is greater than pervious K line's highest price (jump up)
LL:=H<LLV_1; //judging wether the current K line's highest price is greater than pervious K line's lowest price (jump down)
HHH:=L/REF(H,1)>1.001; //adding additional condition, the bigger of the price gap, the stronger the signal (jump up)
LLL:=H/REF(L.1)<0.999; //adding additional condition, the bigger of the price gap, the stronger the signal (jump down)
JUMP_UP:HH AND HHH; //judging the overall condition, whether it is a jump up
JUMP_DOWN:LL AND LLL; //judging the overall condition, whether it is a jump down
```
## Common technical indicators
Moving average
From a statistical point of view, the moving average is the arithmetic average of the daily price, which is a trending price trajectory. The moving average system is a common technical tool used by most analysts. From a technical point of view, it is a factor that affects the psychological price of technical analysts. The decision-making factor of thinking trading is a good reference tool for technical analysts. The FMZ Quant tool supports many different types of moving averages, as shown below:
```
MA_DEMO:MA(CLOSE,5); // get the moving average of 5 cycle
MA_DEMO:EMA(CLOSE,15); // get the smooth moving average of 15 cycle
MA_DEMO:EMA2(CLOSE,10);// get the linear weighted moving average of 10 cycle
MA_DEMO:EMAWH(CLOSE,50); // get the exponentially weighted moving average of 50 cycle
MA_DEMO:DMA(CLOSE,100); // get the dynamic moving average of 100 cycle
MA_DEMO:SMA(CLOSE,10,3); // get the fixed weight of 3 moving average of closing price in 10 cycle
MA_DEMO:ADMA(CLOSE,9,2,30); // get the fast-line 2 and slow-line 30 Kaufman moving average of closing price in 9 cycle.
```
## Bollinger Bands
Bollinger bands is also based on the statistical principle. The middle rail is calculated according to the N-day moving average, and the upper and lower rails are calculated according to the standard deviation. When the BOLL channel starts changing from wide to narrow, which means the price will gradually returns to the mean. When the BOLL channel is changing from narrow to wide, it means that the market will start to change. If the price is up cross the upper rail, it means that the buying power is enhanced. If the price down cross the lower rail, it indicates that the selling power is enhanced.
Among all the technical indicators, Bollinger Bands calculation method is one of the most complicated, which introduces the concept of standard deviation in statistics, involving the middle trajectory ( MB ), the upper trajectory ( UP ) and the lower trajectory ( DN ). luckily, you don't have to know the calculation details, you can use it directly on FMZ Quant platform as follows:
```
MID:MA(CLOSE,100); //calculating moving average of 100 cycle, call it Bollinger Bands middle trajectory
TMP2:=STD(CLOSE,100); //calculating standard deviation of closing price of 100 cycle.
TOP:MID+2*TMP2; //calculating middle trajectory plus 2 times of standard deviation, call it upper trajectory
BOTTOM:MID-2*TMP2; //calculating middle trajectory plus 2 times of standard deviation, call it lower trajectory
```
## MACD Indicator
The MACD indicator is a double smoothing operation using fast (short-term) and slow (long-term) moving averages and their aggregation and separation. The MACD developed according to the principle of moving averages removes the defect that the moving average frequently emits false signals, and also retains the effect of the other good aspect. Therefore, the MACD indicator has the trend and stability of the moving average. It was used to study the timing of buying and selling stocks and predicts stock price change. You can use it as follows:
```
DIFF:EMA(CLOSE,10)-EMA(CLOSE,50); //First calculating the difference between short-term moving average and long-term moving average.
DEA:EMA(DIFF,10); //Then calculating average of the difference.
```
The above is the commonly used strategy module in the development of quantitative trading strategies. In addition, there are far more than that. Through the above module examples, you can also implement several trading modules that you use most frequently in subjective trading. The methods are the same. Next, we began to write a viable intraday trading strategy.
## Strategy Writing
In the Forex spot market, there is a wellknown strategy called HANS123. Its logic are basically judging wether the price breaks through the highest or lowest price of the number of K lines after the market opening
## Strategy logic
- Ready to enter the market after 30 minutes of opening;
- Upper rail = 30 minutes high after opening ;
- Lower rail = 30 minutes low after opening ;
- When the price breaks above the upper limit, buy and open the position;
- When the price falls below the lower rail, the seller opens the position.
- Intraday trading strategy, closing before closing;
## Strategy code
```
// Data Calculation
Q:=BARSLAST(DATA<>REF(DATA,1))+1; //Calculating the number of period from
the first K line of the current trading day to current k line, and assign the results to N
HH:=VALUEWHEN(TIME=0930,HHV(H,Q)); //when time is 9:30, get the highest price of N cycles, and assign the results to HH
LL:=VALUEWHEN(TIME=0930,LLV(L,Q)); //When time is 9:30, get the lowest price of N cycles, and assign the results to LL
//Placing Orders
TIME>0930 AND TIME<1445 AND C>HH,BK; //If the time is greater than 9:30 and lesser than 14:45, and the closing price is greater than HH, opening long position.
TIME>0930 AND TIME<1445 AND C<LL,SK; //If the time is greater than 9:30 and lesser than 14:45, and the closing price is lesser than LL, opening short position.
TIME>=1445,CLOSEOUT; //If the time is greater or equal to 14:45, close all position.
//Filtering the signals
AUTOFILTER; //opening the filtering the signals mechanism
```
## To sum up
Above we have learned the concept of the strategy module. Through several commonly used strategy module cases, we had a general idea of the FMZ Quant programming tools, it can be said that learning to write strategy modules and improve programming logic thinking is a key step in advanced quantitative trading. Finally, we used the FMZ Quant tool to implement the trading strategy according a classical Forex trading strategy.
## Next section notice
Maybe there are still some confusion for some people, mainly because of the coding part. Don't worry, we have already thought of that for you. On the FMZ Quant platform, there is another even easier programming tool for beginners. It is the visual programming, let's learn it soon!
## After-school exercises
1. Try to implement several trading modules that you use most often in subjective trading.
2. Try to implement the KDJ index algorithm using the Mylanguage on the FMZ Quant platform.
From: https://blog.mathquant.com/2019/04/22/3-3-how-to-implement-strategies-in-m-language.html | fmzquant |
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1,876,247 | Innovative Designs in Gabion Fencing | Innovative Gabion Fencing for a Brighter Future Are you tired of the old-fashioned, boring fence in... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:27:34 | https://dev.to/brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a/innovative-designs-in-gabion-fencing-3jd1 | chain, designs | Innovative Gabion Fencing for a Brighter Future
Are you tired of the old-fashioned, boring fence in your backyard? Look no further than innovative gabion fencing! This modern fencing design offers a plethora of advantages, including safety, durability, and versatility. Let's explore how this innovative design brings a new level of quality and service to your home.
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Gabion Chain Link Fence/Diamond Fence brings a standpoint like fresh fencing like conventional
This kind of fencing is manufactured with cable cages packed with rocks or other materials and contains a look like adds which are unique and texture to your yard
Gabion fencing shall work for people who want a more natural and look like austere and it's also incredibly durable, durable, and affordable
Unlike antique fencing choices that may be restricted in easily design, gabion fencing may nearly be produced in any size or form to meet any need and attain any look
Innovation at its Best
Gabion fencing's innovation hails through the materials utilized to fill the cages
Many natural like materials which are different are artificial be utilized to fill the cages, such as for example stones, bricks, timber, or cup containers even
This kind of fencing will continue to work for eco-friendly homeowners which are looking at a sustainable and alternate like mainstream like eco-conscious wood like being
By simply using recycled materials that could otherwise grow to be eliminated, this design like innovative waste like reduce reduced its general effect like ecological
This can be a win-win for home owners plus the environment!
Protection First
In addition to its artistic and benefits which can be gabion like environmental are often a security function like great
This type of fencing is resistant to weather like extreme, including floods and landslides
It perfect to work well with in areas at risk of erosion because it is built with sturdy materials, gabion fencing may also keep lots which can be hefty water or soil force, rendering
It is actually a technique like assistance like very good maintaining your home secure whilst also safeguarding against normal catastrophes
Using Gabion Fencing
Installing Welded gabion fencing is not at all difficult, also it shall probably be a DIY task or completed by specialists
The cages can be obtained in numerous sizes, forms, and colors, with choices for modification to accommodate your personal style that is which is unique
The cages are assembled in interlocking sections to produce the length like required your fence, along side product like filling added final
Gabion fencing is maintenance like low-to-zero and there isn't any reliance on regular painting, staining, or repairs, making it a selection like ideal busy homeowners
Quality and Service
Them solution and quality for any gabion fencing rely in the maker you select
A good idea is to choose a brand like reputable you with high-quality items and help like great
When choosing a company like ongoing is consistent check their reviews online and research their tips
A company like in means of a long time and possesses friends like expert will answer your issues while offering guidance is really a option like superb
Applications for Gabion Fencing
Steel Grating Gabion fencing is versatile and contains applications being many
It truly is great for both domestic and properties that are commercial integrating however associated with:
- Boundary marking
- maintaining walls
- attractive yard features
- sound reduction barriers
- Embankment stabilization
In addition to function, gabion fencing is actually an answer and cutting-edge like smart may add a flair like authentic your premises
Conclusion
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Source: https://www.lwiremesh.com/welded-gabion | brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a |
1,876,245 | Trends in Industrial Valve Automation | photo_6262407354221968426_w.jpg What Industrial Valve Automation? Have you ever wondered how... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:25:48 | https://dev.to/darlene_ballardg_27f941ff/trends-in-industrial-valve-automation-eo2 | design, product | photo_6262407354221968426_w.jpg
What Industrial Valve Automation?
Have you ever wondered how manufacturing facilities and equipment work so efficiently? Among the key factors that are accountable for this is valve industrial automation. In simple terms, commercial shutoff automation describes the use technology to control and manage valves in devices and systems. Valves And Instruments are crucial elements in machines as they control the flow of gases or fluids. Commercial shutoff automation enables these shutoffs to be opened up, closed, or changed accurately and exactly, leading to improved effectiveness and efficiency.
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Industrial valve automation comes with lots of advantages. Firstly, it improves safety by enabling machines to be controlled, from another location decreasing the risk of accidents triggered by manual procedure. Furthermore, it improves accuracy and precision, prominent to better effectiveness and efficiency. Industrial valve automation can also decrease downtime, as it enables problems to be detected and dealt with quickly, preventing interruptions prolonged the manufacturing process.
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Technology is constantly developing, and valve industrial staying up to date with the trends. Current developments in industrial valve automation consist of the integration of sensing units, which can spot changes in temperature level, pressure, and flow prices, and change Diverters valves accordingly. Automation systems currently offer more options for personalization, enabling greater control over manufacturing processes. Another innovation is the use artificial knowledge and artificial intelligence, which can optimize manufacturing processes to improve effectiveness and decrease costs.
How to Use Industrial Valve Automation
The first step being used industrial valve automation is to determine which valves need to be automated. This involves evaluating the manufacturing process, determining locations where automation can improve effectiveness and efficiency. Once the valves have been determined, the step beside select the automation system appropriate. Industrial valve automation systems come in various kinds, consisting of pneumatic, hydraulic, and electrical, and the choice depends on the specific needs of the manufacturing process. Once the system functional is installed, it must be calibrated to ensure precision and decrease downtime.
Service and Quality of Industrial Valve Automation
When it comes to valve industrial, quality and service is essential. Industrial valve automation systems complex and require routine maintenance and upkeep to ensure efficiency ideal. Provider should be chosen, carefully based upon their experience and expertise, to ensure the automation system maintained and serviced effectively. Quality is also crucial, as substandard systems can lead to machines malfunctioning, leading to expensive downtime and repairs.
Applications of Industrial Valve Automation
Industrial valve automation has a wide variety of applications throughout various markets, consisting of oil and gas, chemical, and manufacturing. It's used in the manufacturing of chemicals, oil items, and pharmaceuticals, to name a few. In the oil and gas industry, industrial valve automation used in Drilling & Workover Rigs drilling, fine-tuning, and transport. In the manufacturing industry, it's used in the manufacturing of cars, appliances, and various other consumer goods. Its versatility makes it an element essential lots of markets, adding to enhanced effectiveness, accuracy, and safety.
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Trust your intuition; skepticism towards deals that appear overly advantageous or sellers who raise red flags is warranted. It is always wise to prioritize caution and explore alternative avenues if uncertainties arise.\n\nConclusion\nEnhance your online financial transactions with verified Cash App accounts, a secure and convenient option for all individuals. By purchasing these accounts, you can access exclusive features, benefit from higher transaction limits, and enjoy enhanced protection against fraudulent activities. Streamline your financial interactions and experience peace of mind knowing your transactions are secure and efficient with verified Cash App accounts.\n\nChoose a trusted provider when acquiring accounts to guarantee legitimacy and reliability. In an era where Cash App is increasingly favored for financial transactions, possessing a verified account offers users peace of mind and ease in managing their finances. Make informed decisions to safeguard your financial assets and streamline your personal transactions effectively.\n\nContact Us / 24 Hours Reply\nTelegram:dmhelpshop\nWhatsApp: +1 (980) 277-2786\nSkype:dmhelpshop\nEmail:dmhelpshop@gmail.com" | diwes68311 |
1,876,240 | Buy verified cash app account | Buy verified cash app account Cash app has emerged as a dominant force in the realm of mobile banking... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:22:51 | https://dev.to/jerzy_wohlgemuthl_5ced9e5/buy-verified-cash-app-account-dnn | Buy verified cash app account
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In today’s digital age, the significance of verified Cash App accounts cannot be overstated, as they serve as a cornerstone for secure and trustworthy online transactions.
By acquiring verified Cash App accounts, users not only establish credibility but also instill the confidence required to participate in financial endeavors with peace of mind, thus solidifying its status as an indispensable asset for individuals navigating the digital marketplace.
When considering purchasing a verified Cash App account, it is imperative to carefully scrutinize the seller’s pricing and payment methods. Look for pricing that aligns with the market value, ensuring transparency and legitimacy. Buy verified cash app account.
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Conclusion
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Choose a trusted provider when acquiring accounts to guarantee legitimacy and reliability. In an era where Cash App is increasingly favored for financial transactions, possessing a verified account offers users peace of mind and ease in managing their finances. Make informed decisions to safeguard your financial assets and streamline your personal transactions effectively.
Contact Us / 24 Hours Reply
Telegram:dmhelpshop
WhatsApp: +1 (980) 277-2786
Skype:dmhelpshop
Email:dmhelpshop@gmail.com | jerzy_wohlgemuthl_5ced9e5 | |
1,876,236 | Should you consider switching from brand-name to generics? | Choosing generic medicines can save money while ensuring safe and effective treatment. Generic drugs... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:20:13 | https://dev.to/bhise8862/should-you-consider-switching-from-brand-name-to-generics-2edd | onlinepharmcy, medicine, usa, genric | Choosing generic medicines can save money while ensuring safe and effective treatment. Generic drugs are identical to brand-name drugs in dosage, safety, and strength, meeting the same rigorous FDA standards. They are often much cheaper because they don't carry the high development costs of brand-name drugs. At DiRx, we help you find affordable generic options, ensuring you get the best value for your healthcare needs.
[](https://shorturl.at/FEiyH) | bhise8862 |
1,875,015 | Kaptan ve Tayfa - Kaptan Sunucu Kurulumu | Database Hazırlanması Kullanıcı Oluşturma sudo -u postgres createuser... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:20:12 | https://dev.to/aciklab/kaptan-ve-tayfa-kaptan-sunucu-kurulumu-3a82 | kaptan, tayfa, liman, server | # Database Hazırlanması
### Kullanıcı Oluşturma
```
sudo -u postgres createuser kaptan
```
Bu örnekte _kaptan_ adında bir kullanıcı oluşturmuş olduk.
### Database Oluşturma
```
sudo -u postgres createdb kaptan
```
Bu örnekte _kaptan_ adında bir database oluşturmuş olduk.
### Kullanıcıya Şifre Verme
```
sudo -u postgres psql
psql=# alter user <username> with encrypted password '<password>';
```
Komuttaki **username** oluşturduğunuz kullanıcı adıdır. Bizim örneğimizde bu kaptan'dır.
Komuttaki **password** oluşturduğumuz kullanıcıya atamak istediğiniz şifredir.
Bu örnekte _kaptan_ adında kullanıcıya şifre ataması gerçekleştirdik.
Sonrasında **Kaptan** sunucumuzda şu komut ile PostgreSQL bilgileri eklenir:
```
kaptan -q postgresql_username
```
Bizim örneğimizde _postgresql_username_ = kaptan olarak belirlenmişti. (_kaptan -q kaptan_)
- Bu komut girildikten sonra şifre istenecektir, db oluşturulurken girilien şifre girilir.
# Kaptan Kurulumu
- Öncelikle .deb uzantılı paket şu komut ile indirilir:
```
sudo apt install ./kaptan.deb
```
Paket isimlendirmenize göre _kaptan.deb_ değişkenlik gösterebilir.
- Paket indirildikten sonra **/usr/share/kaptan/kaptan.conf** dosyasının içine girilir:
```
sudo nano /usr/share/kaptan/kaptan.conf
```
**kaptan.conf** dosyamıza kendi yapılandırmalarımıza göre aşağıdaki satırları ekleyelim.
```
[kaptan]
hostname-check = n
postgresql-server-ip = 127.0.0.1
ad-server-address = 192.168.122.1
key-path=/usr/share/kaptan/
db-path=/usr/share/kaptan/
log-dir=/usr/share/kaptan/log/
client-log-dir = /usr/share/kaptan/clientlogs/
db-type=postgresql
```
**postgresql-server-ip:** Kaptan için PostgreSQL database'i kullanılacak makinenin IP adresi yazılır.
**ad-server-address:** AD için kullanacağınız makinenin IP adresi yazılır.
**kaptan.conf** dosyamız şu şekilde gözükecektir:
# Lisans İşlemleri
- Şu komut ile makinenin ID'si kontrol edilir ve ardından HAVELSAN A.Ş.'den veya yetkili bir satıcıdan alınan lisans istenir:
```
kaptan -i
```
- **/usr/share/kaptan/licence** dosyasının içine girilir ve lisans eklenip kaydedilir:
```
nano /usr/share/kaptan/licence
```
- Son olarak şu komut ile lisans'ın yolu verilerek lisans eklenir:
```
kaptan -l /usr/share/kaptan/licence
```
- Ayrıca **Kaptan**'ın sağlık durumunu kontrol edebilirsiniz:
```
root@test:/home/test# kaptan -a
Postgresql connection is ok
Current licence is valid
This server is master
All controls passed successfully
``` | yarensari |
1,876,234 | Freeble - Discover the Best Free Resources and Tools Online | Freeble is your go-to platform for finding high-quality, free resources across various fields.... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:18:30 | https://dev.to/freeble_in/freeble-discover-the-best-free-resources-and-tools-online-3836 | digitalworkplace, business, productivity, discuss | Freeble is your go-to platform for finding high-quality, free resources across various fields. Explore a curated selection of free tools, software, courses, and more to enhance your skills, boost productivity, and fuel creativity without spending a dime. Navigate easily through comprehensive categories and unlock a world of possibilities with Freeble. Join our community today at [www.freeble.in](url) and access the best free resources the internet has to offer. | freeble_in |
1,876,233 | Development: Focusing on Ideas/Solutions Over Code | I just created a website with CSS and JavaScript for appearance and functionality that I will use for... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:17:06 | https://dev.to/jojomondag/development-focusing-on-ideassolutions-over-code-2odn | webdev, javascript, programming, ai | I just created a website with CSS and JavaScript for appearance and functionality that I will use for another project I'm working on.
I believe that the workflow will increasingly focus less on written code and more on ideas/solutions. If you have tools like [CodePen ](https://codepen.io/your-work)or [SVG Viewer](https://www.svgviewer.dev/), and if there is a bcompiler that allows you to see the idea in practice, see the results, and test it, making the development cycle much faster. This way, you can focus on solving problems or getting the product prototype to work and behave as intended.
What do you think about this?
[In the example here](https://codepen.io/jojomondag/pen/LYoyRvR), I had an idea that I wouldn't care about files/folders above the line, but I would care about those below the line. Just CodePen, where I can see the code and the results together, significantly speeds up the development cycle.
Personally, my way of coding has completely changed. What do you feel/think about this? | jojomondag |
1,876,232 | How to learn Vue JS? | Learning Vue.js can be a rewarding experience as it is a progressive framework for building user... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:15:35 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-learn-vue-js-90f | Learning Vue.js can be a rewarding experience as it is a progressive framework for building user interfaces. Here's a structured guide to help you get started with Vue.js:
### Step 1: Understand the Basics of Web Development
Before diving into Vue.js, ensure you have a good understanding of the basics of web development, including:
1. **HTML**: Learn the structure of web pages.
2. **CSS**: Learn how to style web pages.
3. **JavaScript**: Learn the basics of programming in JavaScript.
### Step 2: Learn the Basics of Vue.js
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Vue CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g @vue/cli
```
3. **Create a New Vue Project**:
```bash
vue create my-vue-app
cd my-vue-app
```
4. **Run the Application**:
```bash
npm run serve
```
This will start a development server and open your new Vue.js application in your browser.
### Step 3: Understand the Project Structure
When you create a new Vue.js project, you'll see the following structure:
```
my-vue-app/
├── node_modules/
├── public/
│ └── index.html
├── src/
│ ├── assets/
│ ├── components/
│ ├── views/
│ ├── App.vue
│ ├── main.js
├── .gitignore
├── babel.config.js
├── package.json
├── README.md
├── vue.config.js
```
### Step 4: Learn the Basics of Vue.js
1. **Vue Instance**:
- The root Vue instance is created in `src/main.js`.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
2. **Single File Components**:
- Components in Vue.js are written in `.vue` files that encapsulate HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- Example component `src/components/HelloWorld.vue`:
```html
<template>
<div class="hello">
<h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'HelloWorld',
props: {
msg: String,
},
};
</script>
<style scoped>
h1 {
font-weight: normal;
}
</style>
```
3. **Template Syntax**:
- Interpolation, directives, and event handling.
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>{{ message }}</h1>
<input v-model="message" />
<button @click="showAlert">Click me</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
message: 'Hello, Vue.js!',
};
},
methods: {
showAlert() {
alert(this.message);
},
},
};
</script>
```
### Step 5: Learn Vue.js Essentials
1. **Components**:
- Creating reusable components and passing data using props.
```javascript
// src/components/ChildComponent.vue
<template>
<div>
<h2>{{ title }}</h2>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
props: ['title'],
};
</script>
```
2. **Directives**:
- Built-in directives like `v-if`, `v-for`, `v-bind`, and `v-model`.
```html
<div v-if="isVisible">This is visible</div>
<ul>
<li v-for="item in items" :key="item.id">{{ item.name }}</li>
</ul>
```
3. **Vue Router**:
- Set up routing for single-page applications.
```bash
npm install vue-router
```
- Configure the router.
```javascript
// src/router/index.js
import Vue from 'vue';
import Router from 'vue-router';
import Home from '@/views/Home.vue';
import About from '@/views/About.vue';
Vue.use(Router);
export default new Router({
mode: 'history',
routes: [
{ path: '/', component: Home },
{ path: '/about', component: About },
],
});
```
- Use the router in your main.js.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
import router from './router';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
router,
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
4. **State Management with Vuex**:
- Vuex is a state management pattern + library for Vue.js applications.
```bash
npm install vuex
```
- Set up Vuex store.
```javascript
// src/store/index.js
import Vue from 'vue';
import Vuex from 'vuex';
Vue.use(Vuex);
export default new Vuex.Store({
state: {
count: 0,
},
mutations: {
increment(state) {
state.count++;
},
},
actions: {
increment({ commit }) {
commit('increment');
},
},
getters: {
count: state => state.count,
},
});
```
- Use Vuex in your main.js.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
import store from './store';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
store,
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
### Step 6: Advanced Vue.js Concepts
1. **Custom Directives**:
- Create your own custom directives.
```javascript
Vue.directive('focus', {
inserted: function(el) {
el.focus();
},
});
```
2. **Mixins**:
- Reuse logic across components.
```javascript
export const myMixin = {
created() {
console.log('Mixin hook called');
},
methods: {
logMessage() {
console.log('This is a mixin method');
},
},
};
```
3. **Filters**:
- Format or transform data in the template.
```javascript
Vue.filter('capitalize', function(value) {
if (!value) return '';
value = value.toString();
return value.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
});
```
### Step 7: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing with Jest**:
- Vue CLI comes with Jest for unit testing.
```bash
npm run test:unit
```
2. **End-to-End Testing with Cypress**:
- Vue CLI also supports Cypress for end-to-end testing.
```bash
npm install cypress --save-dev
npm run test:e2e
```
### Step 8: Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [Vue.js Official Documentation](https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [Vue Mastery](https://www.vuemastery.com/)
- [Vue School](https://vueschool.io/)
- [Udemy Vue.js Courses](https://www.udemy.com/courses/search/?q=vuejs)
3. **Books**:
- "The Vue.js Handbook" by Flavio Copes
- "Vue.js: Up and Running" by Callum Macrae
4. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [CSS-Tricks Vue.js Guide](https://css-tricks.com/guides/vue/)
- [Scotch.io Vue.js Tutorials](https://scotch.io/tag/vue)
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [Vue.js Forum](https://forum.vuejs.org/)
- [Vue.js Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/vuejs/)
### Step 9: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**:
- Build applications like a to-do list, e-commerce site, blog platform, or social media app.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**:
- Contribute to open source Vue.js projects on GitHub.
### Step 10: Stay Updated
1. **Follow Vue.js Updates**:
- Follow the [Vue.js blog](https://blog.vuejs.org/)
- Join Vue.js newsletters
- Attend Vue.js conferences and meetups
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in Vue.js, enabling you to create powerful and efficient web applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Sure! Let's go through the basics of Vue.js and build a simple application to understand the framework better. We'll cover setting up the environment, creating a new project, understanding Vue.js architecture, and creating components, services, and routing.
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Vue CLI**:
Vue CLI is a command-line tool for scaffolding and managing Vue.js projects.
```bash
npm install -g @vue/cli
```
### Step 2: Create a New Vue Project
1. **Create a New Project**:
```bash
vue create my-vue-app
cd my-vue-app
```
2. **Run the Application**:
```bash
npm run serve
```
This will start a development server and open your new Vue.js application in your browser at `http://localhost:8080`.
### Step 3: Understand the Project Structure
When you create a new Vue.js project, you'll see the following structure:
```
my-vue-app/
├── node_modules/
├── public/
│ └── index.html
├── src/
│ ├── assets/
│ ├── components/
│ ├── views/
│ ├── App.vue
│ ├── main.js
├── .gitignore
├── babel.config.js
├── package.json
├── README.md
├── vue.config.js
```
### Step 4: Learn the Basics of Vue.js
1. **Vue Instance**:
The root Vue instance is created in `src/main.js`.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
2. **Single File Components**:
Components in Vue.js are written in `.vue` files that encapsulate HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
- Example component `src/components/HelloWorld.vue`:
```html
<template>
<div class="hello">
<h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'HelloWorld',
props: {
msg: String,
},
};
</script>
<style scoped>
h1 {
font-weight: normal;
}
</style>
```
3. **Template Syntax**:
- Interpolation, directives, and event handling.
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>{{ message }}</h1>
<input v-model="message" />
<button @click="showAlert">Click me</button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
message: 'Hello, Vue.js!',
};
},
methods: {
showAlert() {
alert(this.message);
},
},
};
</script>
```
### Step 5: Learn Vue.js Essentials
1. **Components**:
Creating reusable components and passing data using props.
```javascript
// src/components/ChildComponent.vue
<template>
<div>
<h2>{{ title }}</h2>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
props: ['title'],
};
</script>
```
2. **Directives**:
Built-in directives like `v-if`, `v-for`, `v-bind`, and `v-model`.
```html
<div v-if="isVisible">This is visible</div>
<ul>
<li v-for="item in items" :key="item.id">{{ item.name }}</li>
</ul>
```
3. **Vue Router**:
Set up routing for single-page applications.
```bash
npm install vue-router
```
Configure the router.
```javascript
// src/router/index.js
import Vue from 'vue';
import Router from 'vue-router';
import Home from '@/views/Home.vue';
import About from '@/views/About.vue';
Vue.use(Router);
export default new Router({
mode: 'history',
routes: [
{ path: '/', component: Home },
{ path: '/about', component: About },
],
});
```
Use the router in your `main.js`.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
import router from './router';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
router,
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
### Step 6: Create a Simple Application
Let's create a simple to-do list application to understand how Vue.js works in a real-world scenario.
1. **Create Components**:
- **TodoList.vue**:
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>Todo List</h1>
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.text }}
<button @click="removeTodo(todo.id)">Remove</button>
</li>
</ul>
<input v-model="newTodo" @keyup.enter="addTodo" placeholder="Add a todo" />
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
todos: [
{ id: 1, text: 'Learn Vue.js' },
{ id: 2, text: 'Build a to-do list' },
],
newTodo: '',
};
},
methods: {
addTodo() {
if (this.newTodo.trim() !== '') {
this.todos.push({ id: Date.now(), text: this.newTodo.trim() });
this.newTodo = '';
}
},
removeTodo(id) {
this.todos = this.todos.filter(todo => todo.id !== id);
},
},
};
</script>
<style scoped>
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 0;
}
li {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
padding: 0.5rem;
background: #f9f9f9;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}
input {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
```
2. **Update App.vue**:
- Modify `src/App.vue` to include the new component.
```html
<template>
<div id="app">
<TodoList />
</div>
</template>
<script>
import TodoList from './components/TodoList.vue';
export default {
name: 'App',
components: {
TodoList,
},
};
</script>
<style>
#app {
font-family: Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
text-align: center;
color: #2c3e50;
margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>
```
3. **Run the Application**:
- Run `npm run serve` and navigate to `http://localhost:8080` to see your to-do list application in action.
### Step 7: Learn More Advanced Vue.js Features
1. **Custom Directives**:
Create your own custom directives.
```javascript
Vue.directive('focus', {
inserted: function(el) {
el.focus();
},
});
```
2. **Mixins**:
Reuse logic across components.
```javascript
export const myMixin = {
created() {
console.log('Mixin hook called');
},
methods: {
logMessage() {
console.log('This is a mixin method');
},
},
};
```
3. **Filters**:
Format or transform data in the template.
```javascript
Vue.filter('capitalize', function(value) {
if (!value) return '';
value = value.toString();
return value.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + value.slice(1);
});
```
### Step 8: State Management with Vuex
1. **Install Vuex**:
```bash
npm install vuex
```
2. **Set Up Vuex Store**:
- Configure the Vuex store in `src/store/index.js`.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import Vuex from 'vuex';
Vue.use(Vuex);
export default new Vuex.Store({
state: {
todos: [],
},
mutations: {
addTodo (state, todo) {
state.todos.push(todo);
},
removeTodo (state, id) {
state.todos = state.todos.filter(todo => todo.id !== id);
},
},
actions: {
addTodo ({ commit }, todo) {
commit('addTodo', todo);
},
removeTodo ({ commit }, id) {
commit('removeTodo', id);
},
},
getters:
{
allTodos: state => state.todos,
},
});
```
3. **Use Vuex Store in Components**:
- Modify `TodoList.vue` to use Vuex.
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>Todo List</h1>
<ul>
<li v-for="todo in todos" :key="todo.id">
{{ todo.text }}
<button @click="removeTodo(todo.id)">Remove</button>
</li>
</ul>
<input v-model="newTodo" @keyup.enter="addTodo" placeholder="Add a todo" />
</div>
</template>
<script>
import { mapState, mapActions } from 'vuex';
export default {
data() {
return {
newTodo: '',
};
},
computed: {
...mapState(['todos']),
},
methods: {
...mapActions(['addTodo', 'removeTodo']),
addTodo() {
if (this.newTodo.trim() !== '') {
this.addTodo({ id: Date.now(), text: this.newTodo.trim() });
this.newTodo = '';
}
},
},
};
</script>
<style scoped>
ul {
list-style-type: none;
padding: 0;
}
li {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
padding: 0.5rem;
background: #f9f9f9;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}
input {
width: 100%;
padding: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
```
4. **Update main.js**:
- Use the Vuex store in your `main.js`.
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
import store from './store';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
store,
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
### Step 9: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing with Jest**:
- Vue CLI comes with Jest for unit testing.
```bash
npm run test:unit
```
2. **End-to-End Testing with Cypress**:
- Vue CLI also supports Cypress for end-to-end testing.
```bash
npm install cypress --save-dev
npm run test:e2e
```
### Step 10: Additional Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [Vue.js Official Documentation](https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [Vue Mastery](https://www.vuemastery.com/)
- [Vue School](https://vueschool.io/)
- [Udemy Vue.js Courses](https://www.udemy.com/courses/search/?q=vuejs)
3. **Books**:
- "The Vue.js Handbook" by Flavio Copes
- "Vue.js: Up and Running" by Callum Macrae
4. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [CSS-Tricks Vue.js Guide](https://css-tricks.com/guides/vue/)
- [Scotch.io Vue.js Tutorials](https://scotch.io/tag/vue)
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [Vue.js Forum](https://forum.vuejs.org/)
- [Vue.js Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/vuejs/)
### Step 11: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**:
- Build applications like a to-do list, e-commerce site, blog platform, or social media app.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**:
- Contribute to open source Vue.js projects on GitHub.
### Step 12: Stay Updated
1. **Follow Vue.js Updates**:
- Follow the [Vue.js blog](https://blog.vuejs.org/)
- Join Vue.js newsletters
- Attend Vue.js conferences and meetups
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in Vue.js, enabling you to create powerful and efficient web applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,231 | Compressors: Enabling Air Tools for Automotive Repair and Maintenance | Exactly how Compressors Allow Sky Devices for Automobile Repair work as well as Upkeep Compressors... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:15:34 | https://dev.to/brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a/compressors-enabling-air-tools-for-automotive-repair-and-maintenance-50i | tools | Exactly how Compressors Allow Sky Devices for Automobile Repair work as well as Upkeep
Compressors are actually devices that are effective offer atmospheric pressure towards sky devices utilized for automobile repair work as well as upkeep. This post that is short certainly talk about the benefits of utilization compressors, developments in compressor innovation, security factors to consider, ways to utilize a compressor, as well as the significance of solution as well as high top premium for these gadgets
Benefits of Utilizing Compressors for Automobile Repair work as well as Upkeep
Air Tank Compressors are actually an device that is essential automobile repair work as well as upkeep experts. They are actually utilized towards energy devices like effect wrenches, ratchets, as well as sky hammers, allowing repair to become finished rapidly as well as effectively. They can easily likewise be actually utilized towards pump up tires as well as tidy up particles coming from workshops as well as garages
A compressor is actually that it offers constant atmospheric pressure towards sky devices among the considerable benefits of utilization. This guarantees that devices run at complete capability, decreasing the danger of damages towards devices as well as creating function much a complete lot extra effective Compressors are actually likewise extremely mobile as well as could be quickly transferred to places that are various creating all of them perfect for auto technicians that function on the move
Developments in Compressor Innovation
Stainless Steel Air Tank Compressor innovation has actually happened a very way that is long, leading to advanced as well as effective gadgets. Contemporary compressors are actually smaller sized, quieter, as well as much a lot energy-efficient that is extra to their precursors. They likewise have actually progressed functions like electronic manages, incorporated sky clothes dryers, as well as multi-stage filtering bodies
These developments have actually created compressors simpler as well as easier towards utilize. Auto technicians can easily currently function much a complete lot extra effectively along with quieter devices that need much less upkeep. These advancements likewise offer reduced sets that are manufacturing back, creating compressors available towards small companies that will have actually been actually not able towards pay for all of them formerly
Security Factors to consider
When utilizing a compressor, security ought to be actually the issue that is main anybody in the workshop Compressors can easily produce higher degrees of atmospheric pressure that could be harmful if mishandled It is towards that are essential the dangers associated with utilizing a compressor as well as towards get actions towards reduce all of them
Towards decrease the danger of trauma, it is actually important towards utilize safety that is individual like security safety glasses, hand wear covers, as well as ear security. It is actually likewise essential towards comply with the manufacturer's directions for the compressor being actually utilized. They'll offer assistance on problems like electric security, ways to securely replenish the gadget, as well as ways to prevent overloading the compressor
Ways to Utilize a Compressor
Utilizing a Aluminum Air Tank compressor could be a procedure that is simple the appropriate actions are actually complied with. The step that is initial actually towards guarantee that the compressor is actually put on a level, steady surface area which the sky consumption filter is actually cleanse. When this is actually performed, load the storage container along with the quantity that is needed of. Guarantee that the storage container is actually properly linked towards the hose pipe that will provide sky towards certainly the sky device. Switch on the compressor, as well as it shall certainly start towards load the storage container along with sky
When the preferred pressure that is atmospheric actually gotten to, it is opportunity towards utilize the sky device. Link the sky device towards the hose pipe as well as transform it on. The sky device will certainly start towards work at complete capability, powered due to the sky that is pressed due to the compressor
Significance of Solution as well as High premium that is top
A compressor is actually a considerable financial assets for any type of automobile repair work or company that is even upkeep. That is why it is necessary to get actions towards guarantee that it lasts a very time that is long. Routine upkeep as well as maintenance are actually important towards the durability of the compressor, in addition to its own security. Producers typically suggest that compressors are actually serviced a minimum of yearly
Towards guarantee that a compressor lasts provided that feasible, it deserves buying quality that is top to begin with. This will certainly offer much a complete lot better efficiency, less upkeep problems, as well as enhanced durability. Buying reduced high premium that is top might show to become much a lot extra costly over time, needing much a lot extra regular maintenance as well as possibly enhancing repair work sets you back
Requests of Compressors in Automobile Repair work as well as Upkeep
Compressors are actually utilized in different requests in the automobile repair work as well as upkeep market. Among one of the absolute most utilizes that are considerable actually towards energy sky devices, as talked about previously. Nevertheless, they can easily likewise be actually utilized towards pump up car tires as well as towards vehicles
Pumping up tires along with a compressor is actually an effective as well as efficient method towards guarantee that tire stress goes to ideal degrees. This is actually important for car security, as under inflated tires can add to mishaps easily. Recoat splashing along with a compressor is actually likewise an method that is efficient accomplish an expert surface when paint vehicles, offering also protection as well as decreasing the moment it requires to finish a task
Source: https://www.youchengzhixin.com/aluminum-air-tank | brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a |
1,876,224 | How to learn React Native? | Learning React Native can be an exciting and rewarding experience as it allows you to build mobile... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:07:36 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-learn-react-native-4og7 | Learning React Native can be an exciting and rewarding experience as it allows you to build mobile applications using JavaScript and React. Here's a structured guide to help you get started with React Native:
### Step 1: Understand the Basics of JavaScript and React
Before diving into React Native, make sure you have a solid understanding of JavaScript and React.
1. **JavaScript Basics**:
- Variables and Data Types
- Functions and Scope
- Arrays and Objects
- Asynchronous JavaScript (Promises, async/await)
2. **React Basics**:
- Components (Functional and Class)
- JSX
- Props and State
- Lifecycle Methods (for Class Components)
- Hooks (useState, useEffect)
### Step 2: Set Up Your Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install React Native CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g react-native-cli
```
3. **Set Up Android Studio and/or Xcode**:
- For Android development, download and install [Android Studio](https://developer.android.com/studio).
- For iOS development, ensure you have [Xcode](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/) installed (macOS only).
4. **Install Additional Dependencies**:
- For Android: Configure the Android SDK and emulator in Android Studio.
- For iOS: Ensure you have CocoaPods installed (`sudo gem install cocoapods`).
### Step 3: Create a New React Native Project
1. **Create the Project**:
```bash
npx react-native init MyApp
cd MyApp
```
2. **Run the Application**:
- **Run on Android**:
```bash
npx react-native run-android
```
- **Run on iOS**:
```bash
npx react-native run-ios
```
### Step 4: Explore the Project Structure
When you create a new React Native project, you will have a basic project structure like this:
```
MyApp/
├── android/
├── ios/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ ├── components/
│ ├── screens/
│ └── App.js
├── App.js
├── package.json
└── .gitignore
```
### Step 5: Create Basic Components
1. **App.js**:
Replace the contents of `App.js` with the following code to set up a basic structure:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const App = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Hello, React Native!</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#f5fcff',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
});
export default App;
```
2. **Create a Component**:
Create a directory named `components` in `src` and add a new component:
`src/components/HelloWorld.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const HelloWorld = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Hello, World!</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
export default HelloWorld;
```
3. **Use the Component in App.js**:
Update `App.js` to use the `HelloWorld` component:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
import HelloWorld from './src/components/HelloWorld';
const App = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<HelloWorld />
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#f5fcff',
},
});
export default App;
```
### Step 6: Navigation
1. **Install React Navigation**:
```bash
npm install @react-navigation/native
npm install @react-navigation/stack
npm install @react-navigation/bottom-tabs
npm install react-native-screens react-native-safe-area-context
```
2. **Install Dependencies for Navigation**:
```bash
npm install react-native-gesture-handler react-native-reanimated
```
3. **Link Native Dependencies**:
```bash
npx react-native link
```
4. **Set Up Navigation**:
Create a directory named `navigation` and set up navigation files:
`src/navigation/AppNavigator.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/stack';
import HomeScreen from '../screens/HomeScreen';
import DetailsScreen from '../screens/DetailsScreen';
const Stack = createStackNavigator();
const AppNavigator = () => {
return (
<NavigationContainer>
<Stack.Navigator initialRouteName="Home">
<Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
<Stack.Screen name="Details" component={DetailsScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
</NavigationContainer>
);
};
export default AppNavigator;
```
### Step 7: Create Screens
1. **Create HomeScreen**:
Create a directory named `screens` in `src` and add a new screen:
`src/screens/HomeScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, Button, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const HomeScreen = ({ navigation }) => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Home Screen</Text>
<Button
title="Go to Details"
onPress={() => navigation.navigate('Details')}
/>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
export default HomeScreen;
```
2. **Create DetailsScreen**:
`src/screens/DetailsScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const DetailsScreen = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Details Screen</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
export default DetailsScreen;
```
3. **Update `App.js` to Use AppNavigator**:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import AppNavigator from './src/navigation/AppNavigator';
const App = () => {
return <AppNavigator />;
};
export default App;
```
### Step 8: Styling
1. **Use StyleSheet for Consistent Styling**:
```javascript
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#f5fcff',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
});
```
2. **Use Flexbox for Layout**:
```javascript
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
```
### Step 9: Managing State
1. **Use React's useState and useEffect Hooks**:
```javascript
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
const MyComponent = () => {
const [data, setData] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
fetchData();
}, []);
const fetchData = async () => {
const response = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data');
const result = await response.json();
setData(result);
};
return (
<View>
<Text>{data ? data.value : 'Loading...'}</Text>
</View>
);
};
export default MyComponent;
```
### Step 10: Testing and Debugging
1. **Use the React Native Debugger**:
- Open the in-app developer menu and select "Debug JS Remotely".
2. **Test on Physical Devices
**:
- Use `npx react-native run-android` or `npx react-native run-ios` to test on connected devices.
### Step 11: Additional Learning Resources
1. **React Native Documentation**: [https://reactnative.dev/docs/getting-started](https://reactnative.dev/docs/getting-started)
2. **React Navigation Documentation**: [https://reactnavigation.org/docs/getting-started](https://reactnavigation.org/docs/getting-started)
3. **React Native Express**: [https://www.reactnative.express/](https://www.reactnative.express/)
4. **Online Courses**:
- [Udemy React Native Courses](https://www.udemy.com/courses/search/?q=react%20native&src=ukw)
- [Coursera React Native Courses](https://www.coursera.org/courses?query=react%20native)
- [Pluralsight React Native Path](https://www.pluralsight.com/paths/react-native)
5. **Books**:
- "Learning React Native" by Bonnie Eisenman
- "React Native in Action" by Nader Dabit
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in React Native, enabling you to create powerful and efficient mobile applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
React Native is a popular framework for building mobile applications using JavaScript and React. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you get started with React Native:
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install React Native CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g react-native-cli
```
3. **Set Up Android Studio and/or Xcode**:
- For Android development, download and install [Android Studio](https://developer.android.com/studio).
- For iOS development, ensure you have [Xcode](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/) installed (macOS only).
4. **Install Additional Dependencies**:
- For Android: Configure the Android SDK and emulator in Android Studio.
- For iOS: Ensure you have CocoaPods installed (`sudo gem install cocoapods`).
### Step 2: Create a New React Native Project
1. **Create the Project**:
```bash
npx react-native init MyApp
cd MyApp
```
### Step 3: Run the Application
1. **Run on Android**:
```bash
npx react-native run-android
```
2. **Run on iOS**:
```bash
npx react-native run-ios
```
### Step 4: Project Structure
When you create a new React Native project, you will have a basic project structure like this:
```
MyApp/
├── android/
├── ios/
├── node_modules/
├── src/
│ ├── components/
│ ├── screens/
│ └── App.js
├── App.js
├── package.json
└── .gitignore
```
### Step 5: Create Basic Components
1. **App.js**:
Replace the contents of `App.js` with the following code to set up a basic structure:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const App = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Hello, React Native!</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#f5fcff',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
});
export default App;
```
2. **Create a Component**:
Create a directory named `components` in `src` and add a new component:
`src/components/HelloWorld.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const HelloWorld = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Hello, World!</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
export default HelloWorld;
```
3. **Use the Component in App.js**:
Update `App.js` to use the `HelloWorld` component:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
import HelloWorld from './src/components/HelloWorld';
const App = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<HelloWorld />
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#f5fcff',
},
});
export default App;
```
### Step 6: Navigation
1. **Install React Navigation**:
```bash
npm install @react-navigation/native
npm install @react-navigation/stack
npm install @react-navigation/bottom-tabs
npm install react-native-screens react-native-safe-area-context
```
2. **Install Dependencies for Navigation**:
```bash
npm install react-native-gesture-handler react-native-reanimated
```
3. **Link Native Dependencies**:
```bash
npx react-native link
```
4. **Set Up Navigation**:
Create a directory named `navigation` and set up navigation files:
`src/navigation/AppNavigator.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/stack';
import HomeScreen from '../screens/HomeScreen';
import DetailsScreen from '../screens/DetailsScreen';
const Stack = createStackNavigator();
const AppNavigator = () => {
return (
<NavigationContainer>
<Stack.Navigator initialRouteName="Home">
<Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
<Stack.Screen name="Details" component={DetailsScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
</NavigationContainer>
);
};
export default AppNavigator;
```
### Step 7: Create Screens
1. **Create HomeScreen**:
Create a directory named `screens` in `src` and add a new screen:
`src/screens/HomeScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, Button, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const HomeScreen = ({ navigation }) => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Home Screen</Text>
<Button
title="Go to Details"
onPress={() => navigation.navigate('Details')}
/>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
export default HomeScreen;
```
2. **Create DetailsScreen**:
`src/screens/DetailsScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, StyleSheet } from 'react-native';
const DetailsScreen = () => {
return (
<View style={styles.container}>
<Text style={styles.text}>Details Screen</Text>
</View>
);
};
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
export default DetailsScreen;
```
3. **Update `App.js` to Use AppNavigator**:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import AppNavigator from './src/navigation/AppNavigator';
const App = () => {
return <AppNavigator />;
};
export default App;
```
### Step 8: Styling
1. **Use StyleSheet for Consistent Styling**:
```javascript
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
backgroundColor: '#f5fcff',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
textAlign: 'center',
margin: 10,
},
});
```
2. **Use Flexbox for Layout**:
```javascript
const styles = StyleSheet.create({
container: {
flex: 1,
justifyContent: 'center',
alignItems: 'center',
},
text: {
fontSize: 20,
},
});
```
### Step 9: Managing State
1. **Use React's useState and useEffect Hooks**:
```javascript
import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
const MyComponent = () => {
const [data, setData] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
fetchData();
}, []);
const fetchData = async () => {
const response = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data');
const result = await response.json();
setData(result);
};
return (
<View>
<Text>{data ? data.value : 'Loading...'}</Text>
</View>
);
};
export default MyComponent;
```
### Step 10: Testing and Debugging
1. **Use the React Native Debugger**:
- Open the in-app developer menu and select "Debug JS Remotely".
2. **Test on Physical Devices**:
- Use `npx react-native run-android` or `npx react-native run-ios` to test on connected devices.
### Step 11: Additional Learning Resources
- **React Native Documentation**: [https://reactnative.dev/docs/getting-started](https://reactnative.dev/docs/getting-started)
- **React Navigation Documentation**: [https://reactnavigation.org/docs/getting-started](https://reactnavigation.org/docs/getting-started)
- **React Native Express**: [https://www.reactnative.express/](https://www.reactnative.express
/)
This guide provides a foundational approach to building a mobile application with React Native. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
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[https://www.ymin.cn/news/ymin-laminated-capacitors-performance-accelerators-in-notebook-computers/](https://www.ymin.cn/news/ymin-laminated-capacitors-performance-accelerators-in-notebook-computers/) | yolosaki |
1,876,228 | Navigating the Roads: The Evolution of Automobiles and Motorcycles in Transport Campaigns | In the bustling tapestry of modern life, transport stands as the silent sentinel, weaving threads of... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:12:23 | https://dev.to/transportpartner/navigating-the-roads-the-evolution-of-automobiles-and-motorcycles-in-transport-campaigns-32bh | In the bustling tapestry of modern life, transport stands as the silent sentinel, weaving threads of connectivity across vast distances. Among the myriad modes of transportation, automobiles and motorcycles emerge as the dynamic duo, perpetually evolving to meet the changing needs of society. From the advent of the first motorized vehicles to contemporary campaigns advocating for sustainable mobility, the journey of automobiles and motorcycles in transport has been one of innovation, adaptation, and advocacy.
Visit us- https://nouw.com/transportlogistics/empty-38541396
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1,875,363 | Unleashing the Power 💪 of JavaScript: Embrace "use strict" 🚫 | Introduction to "use strict" What is "use strict"? Definition: "use strict"... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:10:50 | https://dev.to/dharamgfx/unleashing-the-power-of-javascript-embrace-use-strict-20fp | webdev, javascript, beginners, programming |
## Introduction to "use strict"
### What is "use strict"?
- **Definition**: "use strict" is a directive introduced in ECMAScript 5 (ES5) to enforce a stricter parsing and error handling in your JavaScript code.
- **Purpose**: It helps to catch common coding bloopers, prevents the use of unsafe actions, and makes JavaScript code more secure and robust.
### How to Enable "use strict"?
- **Global Scope**: Place `"use strict";` at the top of your script.
```javascript
"use strict";
// Your code here
```
- **Function Scope**: Place `"use strict";` at the beginning of a function.
```javascript
function myFunction() {
"use strict";
// Your code here
}
```
## Where to Use "use strict"
### In Scripts
- **Use Case**: When you want to ensure the entire script adheres to strict mode.
```javascript
"use strict";
// Your script code here
```
### In Functions
- **Use Case**: When integrating strict mode into existing code, applying it incrementally.
```javascript
function example() {
"use strict";
// Function code here
}
```
### In Modules
- **Use Case**: Modules in ES6 and beyond are in strict mode by default.
```javascript
export function example() {
// This function is in strict mode automatically
}
```
## Why Use "use strict"
### Prevents Accidental Globals
- **Problem**: Without strict mode, assigning a value to an undeclared variable automatically creates a global variable.
```javascript
x = 10; // Implicitly creates a global variable
```
- **Solution**: In strict mode, this throws an error.
```javascript
"use strict";
x = 10; // ReferenceError: x is not defined
```
### Eliminates `this` Defaulting to Global
- **Problem**: In non-strict mode, `this` inside functions refers to the global object (`window` in browsers) when not explicitly set.
```javascript
function f() {
console.log(this); // window
}
f();
```
- **Solution**: In strict mode, `this` is `undefined` when not set.
```javascript
"use strict";
function f() {
console.log(this); // undefined
}
f();
```
### Prevents Duplicate Property Names
- **Problem**: Non-strict mode allows duplicate property names in object literals.
```javascript
var obj = {
p: 1,
p: 2
};
console.log(obj.p); // 2
```
- **Solution**: In strict mode, duplicate property names throw an error.
```javascript
"use strict";
var obj = {
p: 1,
p: 2 // SyntaxError: Duplicate data property in object literal not allowed
};
```
### Disallows Octal Syntax
- **Problem**: Octal literals (e.g., `012`) can cause confusion.
```javascript
var num = 010; // 8 in non-strict mode
```
- **Solution**: Strict mode disallows octal syntax.
```javascript
"use strict";
var num = 010; // SyntaxError: Octal literals are not allowed in strict mode
```
### Requires Variable Declarations
- **Problem**: Using undeclared variables can lead to unpredictable behavior.
```javascript
foo = "bar"; // Creates a global variable foo
```
- **Solution**: Strict mode enforces variable declaration.
```javascript
"use strict";
foo = "bar"; // ReferenceError: foo is not defined
```
### Secure JavaScript Code
- **Disallows `with` Statement**: The `with` statement is forbidden in strict mode to prevent scope ambiguity.
```javascript
"use strict";
with (obj) { // SyntaxError: Strict mode code may not include a with statement
// code
}
```
- **Disallows Deleting Plain Names**: Deleting variables or functions is not allowed.
```javascript
"use strict";
var x = 1;
delete x; // SyntaxError: Delete of an unqualified identifier in strict mode
```
### Simplifies `eval()`
- **Problem**: `eval()` can create variables in the surrounding scope in non-strict mode.
```javascript
eval("var x = 2;");
console.log(x); // 2
```
- **Solution**: Strict mode confines `eval()` variables to the local scope.
```javascript
"use strict";
eval("var x = 2;");
console.log(x); // ReferenceError: x is not defined
```
## Best Practices for Using "use strict"
### Apply "use strict" Consistently
- **Tip**: Use strict mode at the beginning of your scripts and functions to ensure all code runs under strict rules.
### Linting Tools
- **Tip**: Utilize tools like ESLint to automatically enforce strict mode and other coding standards.
### Legacy Code Integration
- **Tip**: When working with legacy code, apply strict mode incrementally to avoid breaking existing functionality.
## Conclusion
"Use strict" is a powerful feature in JavaScript that enhances code quality and security. By enforcing stricter parsing and error handling, it helps developers write cleaner, more reliable, and maintainable code. Embrace "use strict" in your JavaScript projects to leverage these benefits and avoid common pitfalls. | dharamgfx |
1,876,227 | How to learn Angular? | Learning Angular can be a rewarding experience as it is a powerful and popular framework for building... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:10:03 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-learn-angular-2ieg | Learning Angular can be a rewarding experience as it is a powerful and popular framework for building web applications. Here’s a structured guide to help you learn Angular:
### Step 1: Understand the Basics of Web Development
Before diving into Angular, ensure you have a good understanding of the basics of web development, including:
1. **HTML**: Learn the structure of web pages.
2. **CSS**: Learn how to style web pages.
3. **JavaScript**: Learn the basics of programming in JavaScript.
### Step 2: Learn TypeScript
Angular is built with TypeScript, a superset of JavaScript that adds static typing. Familiarize yourself with TypeScript:
1. **TypeScript Basics**:
- Variables and Data Types
- Functions
- Classes and Interfaces
- Modules
2. **Resources**:
- [TypeScript Official Documentation](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/)
- [TypeScript Handbook](https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/intro.html)
- Online courses and tutorials on platforms like Udemy, Coursera, or freeCodeCamp.
### Step 3: Set Up Your Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**: Angular requires Node.js and npm.
```bash
Download and install Node.js from https://nodejs.org/
```
2. **Install Angular CLI**: The Angular Command Line Interface (CLI) is a powerful tool to initialize, develop, and maintain Angular applications.
```bash
npm install -g @angular/cli
```
### Step 4: Create Your First Angular Application
1. **Create a New Angular Project**:
```bash
ng new my-angular-app
cd my-angular-app
```
2. **Run the Application**:
```bash
ng serve --open
```
### Step 5: Learn Angular Fundamentals
1. **Angular Architecture**:
- Modules
- Components
- Templates
- Services and Dependency Injection
2. **Data Binding**:
- Interpolation
- Property Binding
- Event Binding
- Two-way Binding
3. **Directives**:
- Structural Directives (`*ngIf`, `*ngFor`)
- Attribute Directives (`ngClass`, `ngStyle`)
4. **Services and Dependency Injection**:
- Creating and using services
- Understanding dependency injection
5. **Routing**:
- Setting up and configuring routes
- Navigation
- Route guards
### Step 6: Build a Simple Application
Create a simple Angular application to solidify your understanding. For example, a to-do list or a basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) application.
### Step 7: Explore Advanced Topics
1. **Forms**:
- Template-driven forms
- Reactive forms
2. **HTTP Client**:
- Making HTTP requests
- Handling responses and errors
3. **Pipes**:
- Built-in pipes
- Creating custom pipes
4. **State Management**:
- Using services for state management
- Introduction to NgRx for larger applications
5. **Testing**:
- Unit testing with Jasmine and Karma
- End-to-end testing with Protractor
### Step 8: Utilize Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [Angular Official Documentation](https://angular.io/docs)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [Angular - The Complete Guide (Udemy)](https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-guide-to-angular-2/)
- [Frontend Masters Angular Courses](https://frontendmasters.com/)
3. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [Angular Blog](https://blog.angular.io/)
- [FreeCodeCamp Angular Tutorial](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/tag/angular/)
4. **Books**:
- "Pro Angular" by Adam Freeman
- "ng-book: The Complete Guide to Angular"
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/angular)
- [Angular Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/Angular2/)
- [Angular GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/angular/angular/discussions)
### Step 9: Build Real-World Projects
1. **Choose Real-World Projects**: Build real-world applications to apply your knowledge. Examples include a task manager, e-commerce site, or blog platform.
2. **Contribute to Open Source**: Contribute to open source Angular projects on GitHub.
### Step 10: Stay Updated
1. **Follow Angular Updates**: Angular is actively developed, so stay updated with the latest features and best practices.
- Follow the [Angular blog](https://blog.angular.io/)
- Join Angular newsletters
- Attend Angular conferences and meetups
By following this structured approach, you'll gradually build up your knowledge and skills in Angular, enabling you to create powerful and efficient web applications.
Sure! Let's go through the basics of Angular and build a simple application to understand the framework better. We'll cover setting up the environment, creating a new project, understanding Angular architecture, and creating components, services, and routing.
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**: Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Angular CLI**: The Angular Command Line Interface (CLI) is a powerful tool to initialize, develop, and maintain Angular applications.
```bash
npm install -g @angular/cli
```
### Step 2: Create a New Angular Project
1. **Create a New Angular Project**:
```bash
ng new my-angular-app
cd my-angular-app
```
2. **Run the Application**:
```bash
ng serve --open
```
This will open the default Angular app in your browser at `http://localhost:4200`.
### Step 3: Angular Project Structure
When you create a new Angular project, you'll see the following structure:
```
my-angular-app/
├── e2e/ # End-to-end tests
├── node_modules/ # Project dependencies
├── src/ # Source files
│ ├── app/ # Application files
│ │ ├── app-routing.module.ts
│ │ ├── app.component.html
│ │ ├── app.component.scss
│ │ ├── app.component.ts
│ │ ├── app.module.ts
│ └── assets/ # Static assets
│ └── environments/ # Environment settings
│ └── index.html # Main HTML file
│ └── main.ts # Main entry point
│ └── styles.scss # Global styles
├── angular.json # Angular CLI configuration
├── package.json # npm configuration
├── README.md # Project README file
└── tsconfig.json # TypeScript configuration
```
### Step 4: Angular Components
1. **Generate a New Component**:
```bash
ng generate component hello-world
```
This creates four files: `hello-world.component.ts`, `hello-world.component.html`, `hello-world.component.scss`, and `hello-world.component.spec.ts`.
2. **Modify the Component**:
Open `src/app/hello-world/hello-world.component.html` and add:
```html
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
```
3. **Use the Component**:
Open `src/app/app.component.html` and add:
```html
<app-hello-world></app-hello-world>
```
### Step 5: Angular Services
1. **Generate a New Service**:
```bash
ng generate service data
```
2. **Modify the Service**:
Open `src/app/data.service.ts` and add:
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class DataService {
getMessage() {
return 'Hello from DataService!';
}
}
```
3. **Use the Service in a Component**:
Open `src/app/hello-world/hello-world.component.ts` and modify:
```typescript
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { DataService } from '../data.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-hello-world',
templateUrl: './hello-world.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./hello-world.component.scss']
})
export class HelloWorldComponent implements OnInit {
message: string;
constructor(private dataService: DataService) {}
ngOnInit(): void {
this.message = this.dataService.getMessage();
}
}
```
4. **Display the Message**:
Modify `src/app/hello-world/hello-world.component.html` to display the message:
```html
<h1>{{ message }}</h1>
```
### Step 6: Angular Routing
1. **Set Up Routing**:
Modify `src/app/app-routing.module.ts`:
```typescript
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
import { HelloWorldComponent } from './hello-world/hello-world.component';
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: 'hello', component: HelloWorldComponent }
];
@NgModule({
imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule { }
```
2. **Add Router Outlet**:
Open `src/app/app.component.html` and add:
```html
<nav>
<a routerLink="/hello">Hello World</a>
</nav>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
```
3. **Navigate to the Route**:
Click the "Hello World" link in the navigation bar to see the `HelloWorldComponent`.
### Step 7: Forms in Angular
1. **Create a New Component for the Form**:
```bash
ng generate component student-form
```
2. **Modify the Form Component**:
Open `src/app/student-form/student-form.component.html` and add:
```html
<h2>Student Form</h2>
<form (ngSubmit)="onSubmit()">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input id="name" [(ngModel)]="student.name" name="name" required>
<label for="age">Age:</label>
<input id="age" [(ngModel)]="student.age" name="age" required>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
```
3. **Handle Form Submission**:
Open `src/app/student-form/student-form.component.ts` and modify:
```typescript
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
@Component({
selector: 'app-student-form',
templateUrl: './student-form.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./student-form.component.scss']
})
export class StudentFormComponent {
student = {
name: '',
age: ''
};
onSubmit() {
console.log('Student:', this.student);
}
}
```
4. **Add Routing for the Form Component**:
Modify `src/app/app-routing.module.ts` to include the new route:
```typescript
import { StudentFormComponent } from './student-form/student-form.component';
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: 'hello', component: HelloWorldComponent },
{ path: 'student-form', component: StudentFormComponent }
];
```
5. **Add Link to the Form Component**:
Modify `src/app/app.component.html` to include a link to the form:
```html
<nav>
<a routerLink="/hello">Hello World</a>
<a routerLink="/student-form">Student Form</a>
</nav>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
```
### Step 8: Fetch Data from an API
1. **Generate a Service for API Calls**:
```bash
ng generate service api
```
2. **Implement the API Service**:
Open `src/app/api.service.ts` and add:
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class ApiService {
private apiUrl = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts';
constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
getPosts(): Observable<any> {
return this.http.get<any>(this.apiUrl);
}
}
```
3. **Display Data in a Component**:
Create a new component `ng generate component post-list` and modify:
`src/app/post-list/post-list.component.ts`:
```typescript
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { ApiService } from '../api.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-post-list',
templateUrl: './post-list.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./post-list.component.scss']
})
export class PostListComponent implements OnInit {
posts: any[] = [];
constructor(private apiService: ApiService) { }
ngOnInit(): void {
this.apiService.getPosts().subscribe(data => {
this.posts = data;
});
}
}
```
`src/app/post-list/post-list.component.html`:
```html
<h2>Posts</h2>
<ul>
<li *ngFor="let post of posts">
<h3>{{ post.title }}</h3>
<p>{{ post.body }}</p>
</li>
</ul>
```
4. **Add Routing for the Post List Component**:
Modify `src/app/app-routing.module.ts` to include the new route:
```typescript
import { PostListComponent } from './post-list/post-list.component';
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: 'hello', component: HelloWorldComponent },
{ path: 'student-form', component: StudentFormComponent },
{ path: 'posts', component: PostListComponent }
];
```
5. **Add Link to the Post List Component**:
Modify `
src/app/app.component.html` to include a link to the posts:
```html
<nav>
<a routerLink="/hello">Hello World</a>
<a routerLink="/student-form">Student Form</a>
<a routerLink="/posts">Posts</a>
</nav>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
```
### Step 9: Testing and Debugging
1. **Unit Testing with Jasmine and Karma**:
- Angular uses Jasmine and Karma for unit testing. You can run tests using:
```bash
ng test
```
2. **End-to-End Testing with Protractor**:
- Protractor is used for end-to-end testing. You can run e2e tests using:
```bash
ng e2e
```
### Step 10: Additional Learning Resources
1. **Official Documentation**:
- [Angular Official Documentation](https://angular.io/docs)
2. **Online Courses**:
- [Angular - The Complete Guide (Udemy)](https://www.udemy.com/course/the-complete-guide-to-angular-2/)
- [Frontend Masters Angular Courses](https://frontendmasters.com/)
3. **Tutorials and Articles**:
- [Angular Blog](https://blog.angular.io/)
- [FreeCodeCamp Angular Tutorial](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/tag/angular/)
4. **Books**:
- "Pro Angular" by Adam Freeman
- "ng-book: The Complete Guide to Angular"
5. **Community and Forums**:
- [Stack Overflow](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/angular)
- [Angular Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/Angular2/)
- [Angular GitHub Discussions](https://github.com/angular/angular/discussions)
By following this structured guide and practicing regularly, you'll build up your knowledge and skills in Angular, enabling you to create powerful and efficient web applications. If you have any specific questions or need further details on any step, feel free to ask!
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,226 | Flutter App Architecture with Riverpod: An Introduction | While developing or building complex apps, there should be a need for flutter app architecture with... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:08:46 | https://dev.to/rubengrey/flutter-app-architecture-with-riverpod-an-introduction-23h2 | flutter, riverpod, softwaredevelopment | While developing or building complex apps, there should be a need for flutter app architecture with Riverpod. Many flutter experts should know how to manage good architecture by focusing on complexity. For this, you can also [hire a Flutter developer](https://flutteragency.com/hire-flutter-developer/) from Flutter Agency.
It should undergo certain things to explore and code to validate on a codebase. Certain things should be examined by focusing on excess use, which leads to over-engineering. It makes it hard to execute simple changes.
In general, certain things should be operated based on practice and experience. With the right balance, it will introduce Riverpod with packages. They come for flutter app development and the best comparison with a popular architect. It is fully based on the concepts and notices about the ideas.
## Overview of Existing Architectures
Getting into MVC, MVP, and MVVM should be necessary. Of course, it should come with a popular app architect based on the introduced results. A flutter development should notice changes in the built-in options. The flutter app development is vital for enrolling with attempts and bringing the fluttering world in front of you.
## Popular Flutter App Architectures: Bloc and Stacked
In addition, the bloc architect is assumed to work in good adoption. They are being adaptive about the rules to be followed well. The flutter apps must get into large companies and gain some good adoption. It will change a lot and mainly focus on the structure to be held with stack architecture.
It includes promising solutions and getting back with inspired results. However, it should be under the MVVM provider with recommended packages. For [state management architecture](https://flutteragency.com/which-flutter-app-state-management-architecture-is-best-in-2024/), it works under official flutter documentation purposes. It acts with an impossible solution and can explore stacked architecture designs.
Everything is fine, and we established a new goal in setting about Riverpod. The Riverpod in flutter should operate on a solution by focusing on dependency injection. It works based on the power of decisions and architecture with dependencies. Of course, block or stacked options should be noted with the Riverpod package to assume dependent injection with state control needs.
## Take on Flutter App Architecture (using Riverpod)
While building flutter apps includes experimented results and a focus on development. They deeply understand the limits and work well on different names. It will identify the similar concepts by working with clean architecture. The things that should be admired about the different names and explored about flutter apps.
Clean architecture must be gathered with UI and concepts for the directional flow of data. It should be necessary for one to get core design principles in modern apps. They update well by focusing on data sources in the UI. It will design with a proper outcome and is mainly applicable for noticing controllers and gateways to be assumed.
The outer layer should be evaluated based on the UI and DB. Of course, they come with Riverpod architecture that designs with a framework and drivers for outer layers. It should be admiring and hence suits the added mental overhead and solution to be fixed. It must be identified with the clean architect and explore the conceptual model.
**Comparison with MVC**
- Model–view–controller (MVC) is a software design pattern made of 3 types of components:
- Model: directly manages the data, logic, and rules of the application
- View: UI components (widgets)
- Controller: Accepts input and converts it to commands for the model or view
On the other hand, the MVC should be loaded with too much logic and meant to carry about service. They will develop an MVC+S and explore the logic model. It should operate mainly by adapting to service options.
They work with MVC which is adaptive to controller needs. In general, a change notifier has to come with widgets and be able to adapt to changes with user inputs. It should be applicable to monitor and control by mainly working on the model directly.
**Comparison with MVVM**
MVVM pattern should be locked with business and handled by the flutter developers. Of course, the application should include a user interface, and the view cannot be accessed on the model directly. It works with reliable ones, and separate things should be done with model view options. So, it won’t affect the coding.
It is just a design pattern and is able to explore concepts of data. They work with services and repositories in accessing data access and caching. It should be amazing access with quite similar options to consider Riverpod architecture.
**Comparison with Bloc Architecture**
The Bloc Architecture page contains this diagram that defines three layers:
1. Presentation
2. Business Logic
3. Data (Repository & Data Provider)
There is a primary difference that should be noticed and changed with blocs. It should meet changes in the state of Riverpod architecture. They come with distinction and work with services by managing the application state. It must be adaptive for primary reasons and focus on blocs reacting to the Riverpod architecture.
**Comparison with Stacked Architecture**
They will work with stacked results similar to working on three major pieces. They are a proper goal and mainly applicable for Riverpod with the following needs. It is wonderful and explores changes in the map quite on the quiet view widgets and controller options.
- View→ Widgets
- ViewModel → Controller
- Service → Service
They will define an overall solution and easily control it well by stacked base architecture. They work by useful widgets and work on the view model option. It allows developers to access the point and explore bind options with useful widgets.
## Other Popular Architectures
App architecture should be properly managed with implementation. The design patterns can always handle the architect by focusing on popular state management packages. It should operate well and mainly work on flutter to get into the box. They work well by assigning value and being a listenable builder. Learn more about [clean architecture in Flutter](https://flutteragency.com/clean-architecture-in-flutter/).
## Conclusion
Thus, you have a clear understanding of flutter app architecture with Riverpod. It should be efficient in dealing with a few differences. It is easy for developers to notice changes and manage the coding in distinct ways. Flutter apps should be designed and developed with a nice architecture based on the requirements. | rubengrey |
1,872,668 | Valid Parentheses | LeetCode | Java | class Solution { public boolean isValid(String s) { Stack<Character> stack = new... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:07:16 | https://dev.to/tanujav/valid-parentheses-leetcode-java-14np | java, beginners, leetcode, algorithms |
``` java
class Solution {
public boolean isValid(String s) {
Stack<Character> stack = new Stack<>();
for(char ch : s.toCharArray()){
if(stack.isEmpty())
stack.add(ch);
else if(!stack.isEmpty()){
if(ch==']' && stack.peek()=='[')
stack.pop();
else if(ch=='}' && stack.peek()=='{')
stack.pop();
else if(ch==')' && stack.peek()=='(')
stack.pop();
else
stack.push(ch);
}
}
return stack.isEmpty();
}
}
```
_Thanks for reading :)
Feel free to comment and like the post if you found it helpful
Follow for more 🤝 && Happy Coding 🚀_
If you enjoy my content, support me by following me on my other socials:
https://linktr.ee/tanujav7
| tanujav |
1,876,223 | Buy Negative Google Reviews | https://dmhelpshop.com/product/buy-negative-google-reviews/ Buy Negative Google Reviews Negative... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:06:41 | https://dev.to/hoselim868/buy-negative-google-reviews-5g7i | nextjs, android, angular, go | ERROR: type should be string, got "https://dmhelpshop.com/product/buy-negative-google-reviews/\n\n\n\n\nBuy Negative Google Reviews\nNegative reviews on Google are detrimental critiques that expose customers’ unfavorable experiences with a business. These reviews can significantly damage a company’s reputation, presenting challenges in both attracting new customers and retaining current ones. 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Our team of qualified and experienced computer experts has successfully handled similar cases before, and we are committed to providing a solution tailored to your specific needs. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help your business thrive.\n\nBuy Google 5 Star Reviews\nReviews represent the opinions of experienced customers who have utilized services or purchased products from various online or offline markets. These reviews convey customer demands and opinions, and ratings are assigned based on the quality of the products or services and the overall user experience. Google serves as an excellent platform for customers to leave reviews since the majority of users engage with it organically. When you purchase Buy Google 5 Star Reviews, you have the potential to influence a large number of people either positively or negatively. 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Therefore, investing in Buy Google 5 Star Reviews can significantly influence a large number of people in a positive way.\n\nHow to generate google reviews on my business profile?\nFocus on delivering high-quality customer service in every interaction with your customers. By creating positive experiences for them, you increase the likelihood of receiving reviews. These reviews will not only help to build loyalty among your customers but also encourage them to spread the word about your exceptional service. It is crucial to strive to meet customer needs and exceed their expectations in order to elicit positive feedback. If you are interested in purchasing affordable Google reviews, we offer that service.\n\n\n\n\n\nContact Us / 24 Hours Reply\nTelegram:dmhelpshop\nWhatsApp: +1 (980) 277-2786\nSkype:dmhelpshop\nEmail:dmhelpshop@gmail.com" | hoselim868 |
1,876,222 | Easily replace your hard drive | Recently, I encountered the issue that my 512GB SSD was gradually filling up. Naturally, the first... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:06:18 | https://dev.to/eddykaya/easily-replace-your-hard-drive-5396 | linux, harddrive, bash | Recently, I encountered the issue that my 512GB SSD was gradually filling up. Naturally, the first step is to manually clean up. Under Linux, there’s a useful tool called **du** that allows you to determine how much disk space each directory occupies. This helps identify space-consuming culprits quickly:
```bash
# The `max-depth` parameter specifies the depth of the output breakdown.
du -h --max-depth=1 /
```
In my case, there was no obvious space hog that I could easily eliminate, so I decided to upgrade to a new SSD.
Now, how can you switch to a new disk without the hassle of a complete laptop reinstallation? Well, I took the lazy route and used the **dd** tool to create a byte-wise copy of my old hard drive onto the new one. This saved me the time-consuming process of setting up my laptop from scratch, and I was done in about an hour (including installing the new drive).
##Here’s a step-by-step guide:
###Create a Bootable Ubuntu USB Stick
Make sure you have a bootable USB stick with Ubuntu on it. You’ll need it to create a copy of your hard drive. Ensure that the old hard drive is not mounted; otherwise, the process won’t work.
###Install the New Hard Drive in an External Enclosure
I ordered the Samsung EVO 990 2TB hard drive. For compatibility, I paired it with [this external enclosure](
https://www.amazon.de/Geh%C3%A4use-NVMe-Geh%C3%A4use-kompatibel-Thunderbolt-Aluminiumlegierung/dp/B08X9YTWJC/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_product_top?ie=UTF8). I opted for a more expensive enclosure because the cheaper ones had poor reviews regarding speed and support for the Samsung drive.
###Connect the New Hard Drive via USB
The new disk doesn’t need to be formatted, simply install it and connect it via USB.
###Create a Byte-Wise Copy
Use the following command to create the copy:
```bash
# List all installed HDDs
lshw -class disk
# Replace `<old disk>` with something like `/dev/nvme0n1`, and `<new disk>` with `/dev/sdb` or similar (you'll recognize it by the disk size). Use `status=progress` to track the progress.
dd if=<old disk> of=<new disk> bs=64m status=progress
```
The copying process took less than 20 minutes for me, with the enclosure achieving around 700MB/s write speed to the new drive.
###Installing the New Hard Drive
Open the laptop case, remove the old drive, insert the new drive, and close the case.
With my Lenovo T14s, the screw securing the SSD was quite tight. I had to apply significant force to loosen it and ended up using pliers to make it easier. I suspect that too much screw-locking adhesive was used. Ideally, the screw shouldn’t be tighter than the case screws.
###Boot the Laptop and Resize Partitions if Necessary
The laptop should boot normally with the new hard drive.
If the new drive is larger than the old one, you’ll need to adjust your partitions to utilize the entire space. The steps depend on your existing partition setup. In my Ubuntu installation, I chose the default partitioning. Here’s what I did to resize the partition:
Open GParted and right-click on the largest partition to resize it to the maximum size.
Since my partition is a LVM partition (Logical Volume Manager), I needed the following command to expand it:
```bash
# First, check which parameter to append to `lvextend`:
df -h
# Then, execute this command to ultimately resize the partition:
lvextend -l +100%FREE -r /dev/mapper/vgubuntu-root
```
And that’s it—the hard drive replacement is complete! | eddykaya |
1,876,221 | Engineering the Future: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Vision | Shanghai Jinli Unique Rope Carbon monoxide., Ltd: Your Partner for Off-Road Hauling as well as... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:06:16 | https://dev.to/brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a/engineering-the-future-shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-co-ltds-vision-3nf9 | equipments | Shanghai Jinli Unique Rope Carbon monoxide., Ltd: Your Partner for Off-Road Hauling as well as Aquatic Rope Services
Carry out you truly like being actually outdoors as well as location that's taking experiences which could be off-road? Time or even possibly you choose a fantastic out concerning the sprinkle? This is actually definitely trustworthy assist you tow your devices or even protect your boat because situation, you might require a companion
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Our products are actually made along with the top quality products which could be greatest as a result they are actually developed towards endure severe problems like for instance hefty tons, wetness, as well as survive that's severe
You can easily anticipate a range of ropes towards choose coming from, consisting of winch this is actually definitely artificial, UHMWPE ropes, as well as aquatic ropes
Development in Rope Production
Shanghai Jinli Unique Rope Carbon monoxide., Ltd is actually purchased technology as well as constantly enhances on its own rope-making procedure
Our team use the innovation this is actually definitely newest towards guarantee our ropes are actually solid, light-weight, as well as easy towards operate well along with
Our ropes might be actually designed towards likewise final as a result they are actually immune towards abrasion, extending, as well as UV damages
You might be actually specific you select our items that you will certainly obtain the absolute best quality ropes in the market-place when
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Security is actually a concern this is actually Shanghai that's definitely best Jinli Rope Carbon monoxide., Ltd. Our team acknowledge that off-road aquatic as well as hauling tasks might threaten, as well as that is the great main cause our team place security as well as health and wellness very initial
Our ropes are actually carefully evaluated towards surpass market security requirements, as well as our team likewise offer described directions around ways to correctly utilize as well as proceed maintaining our items
Our Power Press team additionally deal certified suggestions around ways to choose the rope that's appropriate your requirements that are actually distinct
Easy suggestions towards Make use of Our Items
Utilizing our hauling this is actually definitely off-road as well as ropes is actually easy
Our ropes include outlined directions that reveal you with the technique this is actually definitely setup that's whole upkeep
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Shanghai Jinli Unique Rope Carbon monoxide., Ltd is actually purchased offering client treatment this is actually definitely outstanding
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Request of Our Items
Our hauling this is actually definitely off-road as well as Uncoilers ropes have actually various requests
They might be used for off-road cars like for instance vehicles, Jeeps, as well as ATVs
They may be capable likewise be actually utilized for aquatic tasks like as an example docking, anchoring, as well as pulling
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Source: https://www.lihao-machine.com/sanitary-fittingsferrules | brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a |
1,876,220 | Error:E2020 | Hi I am getting below mentioned error while compiling C++ code in visual studio 2022. Error:E2020... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:05:47 | https://dev.to/anbu10/errore2020-4ffi | help | Hi I am getting below mentioned error while compiling C++ code in visual studio 2022.
Error:E2020
the managed nullptr type cannot be used here
Help us to resolve the error. | anbu10 |
1,876,218 | How to create a Student Management System in Vue JS? | Creating a Student Management System in Vue.js involves setting up the Vue.js project, creating the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:04:54 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-create-a-student-management-system-in-vue-js-1c2b | Creating a Student Management System in Vue.js involves setting up the Vue.js project, creating the necessary components, and implementing the functionality to manage students. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Vue CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g @vue/cli
```
### Step 2: Create a New Vue Project
1. **Create the Project**:
```bash
vue create student-management-system
cd student-management-system
```
2. **Choose the default Vue CLI settings** or customize according to your preference.
### Step 3: Set Up Routing
1. **Install Vue Router**:
```bash
npm install vue-router
```
2. **Configure Vue Router**:
Create a `router.js` file in the `src` directory:
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import Router from 'vue-router';
import Home from './views/Home.vue';
import AddStudent from './views/AddStudent.vue';
import StudentDetails from './views/StudentDetails.vue';
Vue.use(Router);
export default new Router({
mode: 'history',
base: process.env.BASE_URL,
routes: [
{
path: '/',
name: 'home',
component: Home,
},
{
path: '/add-student',
name: 'add-student',
component: AddStudent,
},
{
path: '/student/:id',
name: 'student-details',
component: StudentDetails,
},
],
});
```
3. **Update `main.js` to Use Router**:
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
import router from './router';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
router,
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
### Step 4: Create Views
1. **Create Home View**:
Create `src/views/Home.vue`:
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>Student List</h1>
<ul>
<li v-for="student in students" :key="student.id">
{{ student.name }} - {{ student.email }}
<button @click="deleteStudent(student.id)">Delete</button>
<router-link :to="'/student/' + student.id">Details</router-link>
</li>
</ul>
<router-link to="/add-student">Add Student</router-link>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
students: [
{ id: 1, name: 'John Doe', email: 'john@example.com' },
{ id: 2, name: 'Jane Smith', email: 'jane@example.com' },
],
};
},
methods: {
deleteStudent(id) {
this.students = this.students.filter(student => student.id !== id);
},
},
};
</script>
<style>
/* Add styles here */
</style>
```
2. **Create AddStudent View**:
Create `src/views/AddStudent.vue`:
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>Add Student</h1>
<form @submit.prevent="addStudent">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" v-model="name" required />
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input type="email" v-model="email" required />
<button type="submit">Add</button>
</form>
<router-link to="/">Back</router-link>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
name: '',
email: '',
};
},
methods: {
addStudent() {
const newStudent = {
id: Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9),
name: this.name,
email: this.email,
};
this.$router.push({ path: '/', query: { newStudent: JSON.stringify(newStudent) } });
},
},
};
</script>
<style>
/* Add styles here */
</style>
```
3. **Create StudentDetails View**:
Create `src/views/StudentDetails.vue`:
```html
<template>
<div>
<h1>Student Details</h1>
<div v-if="student">
<p>Name: {{ student.name }}</p>
<p>Email: {{ student.email }}</p>
</div>
<router-link to="/">Back</router-link>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
student: null,
};
},
created() {
const id = this.$route.params.id;
const students = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('students')) || [];
this.student = students.find(student => student.id === id);
},
};
</script>
<style>
/* Add styles here */
</style>
```
### Step 5: Implement State Management (Optional)
For a more robust application, consider using Vuex for state management:
1. **Install Vuex**:
```bash
npm install vuex
```
2. **Configure Vuex**:
Create a `store.js` file in the `src` directory:
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import Vuex from 'vuex';
Vue.use(Vuex);
export default new Vuex.Store({
state: {
students: [],
},
mutations: {
setStudents(state, students) {
state.students = students;
},
addStudent(state, student) {
state.students.push(student);
},
deleteStudent(state, id) {
state.students = state.students.filter(student => student.id !== id);
},
},
actions: {
fetchStudents({ commit }) {
const students = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('students')) || [];
commit('setStudents', students);
},
addStudent({ commit }, student) {
commit('addStudent', student);
const students = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('students')) || [];
students.push(student);
localStorage.setItem('students', JSON.stringify(students));
},
deleteStudent({ commit }, id) {
commit('deleteStudent', id);
const students = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('students')) || [];
const updatedStudents = students.filter(student => student.id !== id);
localStorage.setItem('students', JSON.stringify(updatedStudents));
},
},
});
```
3. **Update `main.js`**:
```javascript
import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';
import router from './router';
import store from './store';
Vue.config.productionTip = false;
new Vue({
router,
store,
render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app');
```
4. **Use Vuex in Components**:
Update the components to use Vuex actions and getters instead of local data.
### Step 6: Run the Application
1. **Run the Vue App**:
```bash
npm run serve
```
2. **Navigate to the App**:
Open a browser and go to `http://localhost:8080`.
### Step 7: Test the Application
1. **Add, View, and Delete Students**:
- Use the app to add, view, and delete students.
- Ensure that the data updates correctly and that the UI reflects the changes.
This guide provides a foundational approach to creating a Student Management System in Vue.js. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,217 | Demystifying Mobile Number Verification: How It Works and Why It Matters | In today's digital age, where online interactions and transactions have become an integral part of... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:04:14 | https://dev.to/rameshchauhan/demystifying-mobile-number-verification-how-it-works-and-why-it-matters-1b11 | mobilenumberverification | In today's digital age, where online interactions and transactions have become an integral part of our daily lives, ensuring security and authenticity is paramount. One crucial aspect of this is **[mobile number verification](https://numverify.com/)**. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of mobile number verification, shedding light on how it works and why it holds significant importance in safeguarding various online platforms.
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1,876,216 | How to Build a Developer Metrics Dashboard? | A developer’s dashboard serves as a comprehensive central system for displaying the relevant KPIs and... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:03:20 | https://dev.to/anshul_kichara/how-to-build-a-developer-metrics-dashboard-3gab | devops, technology, trending, software | A developer’s dashboard serves as a comprehensive central system for displaying the relevant KPIs and metrics for your engineering team. From code quality and deployment frequency to team velocity and bug resolution time, a well-designed developer metrics dashboard offers detailed insights into your teams’ performance, helping to drive continuous growth.
## Why do you need a Developer Metrics Dashboard?
In a highly dynamic software world, monitoring the real-time performance of your team is very important. A developer metrics dashboard allows you to,
**Track Progress:** Ability to track the progress of developers, teams and projects on a real-time basis.
Identify Bottlenecks: Identify the constraints or inefficiencies that are connected to the development process and manage to do well by responding to them almost immediately.
**Measure Quality:** Be it code coverage, code churn, or technical debt; track these code quality metrics to make sure your codebase remains bug-free.
**Improve Collaboration:** Encourage and promote teamwork as well as data transparency by giving everyone access to the same data. This can be easily achieved by implementing DevOps as a Service solution.
**Drive Accountability:** Maintain and enforce the accountability of your teammates by setting clear metrics and objectives.
Businesses can consult a reputed DevOps solution provider for leveraging DevOps services alongwith a customized development dashboard to reach their maximum business potential.
**[Good Read: [The Synergy Of DevOps And FinOps](https://dev.to/anshul_kichara/optimizing-cloud-spending-the-synergy-of-devops-and-finops-4632) ]
**
## Designing Developer Metrics Dashboard
Performing a developer metrics dashboard development success requires proper planning and negotiations. Here are some key steps to help you get started,
**Identify Key Metrics:** Begin by picking out the most important metrics that reflect your team’s intentions and aspirations. They could involve measures such as quality of code, efficiency of performance, throughput and team output.
**Choose the Right Tools:** Choose a dashboarding tool or platform that fits your team and it should not be a strain when used with your development works and tools. Select the right tool for platform engineering that seamlessly integrates with other tools. When it comes to visibility tools, prominent options include Grafana, Datadog, and self-made solutions constructed using frameworks such as Django or Flask.
**Design for Clarity:** Make sure your dashboard is clean and easy to understand by using charts, graphs and tables that are structured clearly and concisely. Ensure that the dashboard remains uncluttered with no less useful or too complicated visualisations.
Customize for Your Team: Individualise your dashboard to the specific requirements and preferences. Enable users to have personalized views and use triggers to receive alerts, in case of an event or a threshold.
**Iterate and Improve:** Continuously monitor and measure the impact of your dashboard and feel free to make those revisions that would make your dashboard more well-functioning. Ask for input from your team members and users to keep your dashboard fresh and tailored to their requirements. You can also implement DevOps as a Service solution to achieve this.
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| anshul_kichara |
1,876,215 | How to create a Student Management System in Angular? | Creating a Student Management App in Angular involves several steps, including setting up the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:03:13 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-create-a-student-management-system-in-angular-5dd8 | Creating a Student Management App in Angular involves several steps, including setting up the development environment, creating the Angular project, designing the app structure, and implementing the features. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install Angular CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g @angular/cli
```
### Step 2: Create a New Angular Project
1. **Create the Project**:
```bash
ng new student-management-app
cd student-management-app
```
### Step 3: Generate Components and Services
1. **Generate Components**:
```bash
ng generate component student-list
ng generate component student-details
ng generate component add-student
```
2. **Generate Services**:
```bash
ng generate service student
```
### Step 4: Set Up Routing
1. **Configure Routing**:
Open `src/app/app-routing.module.ts` and set up the routes:
```typescript
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
import { StudentListComponent } from './student-list/student-list.component';
import { StudentDetailsComponent } from './student-details/student-details.component';
import { AddStudentComponent } from './add-student/add-student.component';
const routes: Routes = [
{ path: '', redirectTo: '/students', pathMatch: 'full' },
{ path: 'students', component: StudentListComponent },
{ path: 'students/add', component: AddStudentComponent },
{ path: 'students/:id', component: StudentDetailsComponent },
];
@NgModule({
imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule { }
```
2. **Update `app.module.ts`**:
```typescript
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { StudentListComponent } from './student-list/student-list.component';
import { StudentDetailsComponent } from './student-details/student-details.component';
import { AddStudentComponent } from './add-student/add-student.component';
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent,
StudentListComponent,
StudentDetailsComponent,
AddStudentComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
AppRoutingModule,
FormsModule,
HttpClientModule
],
providers: [],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
```
### Step 5: Implement the Service
1. **Update `student.service.ts`**:
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
export interface Student {
id: number;
name: string;
email: string;
}
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class StudentService {
private apiUrl = 'http://localhost:3000/students'; // Adjust the URL based on your backend
constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
getStudents(): Observable<Student[]> {
return this.http.get<Student[]>(this.apiUrl);
}
getStudent(id: number): Observable<Student> {
return this.http.get<Student>(`${this.apiUrl}/${id}`);
}
addStudent(student: Student): Observable<Student> {
return this.http.post<Student>(this.apiUrl, student);
}
updateStudent(id: number, student: Student): Observable<Student> {
return this.http.put<Student>(`${this.apiUrl}/${id}`, student);
}
deleteStudent(id: number): Observable<void> {
return this.http.delete<void>(`${this.apiUrl}/${id}`);
}
}
```
### Step 6: Implement Components
1. **Update `student-list.component.ts`**:
```typescript
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { StudentService, Student } from '../student.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-student-list',
templateUrl: './student-list.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./student-list.component.css']
})
export class StudentListComponent implements OnInit {
students: Student[] = [];
constructor(private studentService: StudentService) { }
ngOnInit(): void {
this.getStudents();
}
getStudents(): void {
this.studentService.getStudents().subscribe(students => this.students = students);
}
deleteStudent(id: number): void {
this.studentService.deleteStudent(id).subscribe(() => {
this.students = this.students.filter(student => student.id !== id);
});
}
}
```
**Update `student-list.component.html`**:
```html
<h2>Student List</h2>
<ul>
<li *ngFor="let student of students">
{{ student.name }} - {{ student.email }}
<button (click)="deleteStudent(student.id)">Delete</button>
<a [routerLink]="['/students', student.id]">Details</a>
</li>
</ul>
<a routerLink="/students/add">Add Student</a>
```
2. **Update `student-details.component.ts`**:
```typescript
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';
import { StudentService, Student } from '../student.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-student-details',
templateUrl: './student-details.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./student-details.component.css']
})
export class StudentDetailsComponent implements OnInit {
student: Student | undefined;
constructor(
private route: ActivatedRoute,
private studentService: StudentService
) { }
ngOnInit(): void {
this.getStudent();
}
getStudent(): void {
const id = Number(this.route.snapshot.paramMap.get('id'));
this.studentService.getStudent(id).subscribe(student => this.student = student);
}
}
```
**Update `student-details.component.html`**:
```html
<div *ngIf="student">
<h2>{{ student.name }}</h2>
<p>Email: {{ student.email }}</p>
<a routerLink="/students">Back</a>
</div>
```
3. **Update `add-student.component.ts`**:
```typescript
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
import { StudentService, Student } from '../student.service';
@Component({
selector: 'app-add-student',
templateUrl: './add-student.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./add-student.component.css']
})
export class AddStudentComponent {
name: string = '';
email: string = '';
constructor(
private studentService: StudentService,
private router: Router
) { }
addStudent(): void {
const newStudent: Student = {
id: 0,
name: this.name,
email: this.email,
};
this.studentService.addStudent(newStudent).subscribe(() => {
this.router.navigate(['/students']);
});
}
}
```
**Update `add-student.component.html`**:
```html
<h2>Add Student</h2>
<form (ngSubmit)="addStudent()">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input id="name" [(ngModel)]="name" name="name" required>
<label for="email">Email:</label>
<input id="email" [(ngModel)]="email" name="email" required>
<button type="submit">Add Student</button>
</form>
<a routerLink="/students">Back</a>
```
### Step 7: Set Up a Simple Backend (Optional)
If you don't have a backend yet, you can quickly set up a simple backend using JSON Server.
1. **Install JSON Server**:
```bash
npm install -g json-server
```
2. **Create a `db.json` File**:
```json
{
"students": [
{ "id": 1, "name": "John Doe", "email": "john@example.com" },
{ "id": 2, "name": "Jane Smith", "email": "jane@example.com" }
]
}
```
3. **Start JSON Server**:
```bash
json-server --watch db.json --port 3000
```
### Step 8: Run the Angular Application
1. **Run the Angular App**:
```bash
ng serve
```
2. **Navigate to the App**:
Open a browser and go to `http://localhost:4200`.
### Step 9: Test the Application
1. **Add, View, and Delete Students**:
- Use the app to add, view, and delete students.
- Ensure that the data updates correctly and that the UI reflects the changes
.
This guide provides a foundational approach to creating a Student Management App in Angular. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,214 | Impact of Studying Abroad on Career Prospects | Hey everyone! I wanted to chat about something super exciting – the impact of studying abroad on... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:03:06 | https://dev.to/henrywilliam/impact-of-studying-abroad-on-career-prospects-949 | Hey everyone!
I wanted to chat about something super exciting – the impact of studying abroad on your career prospects. If you're on the fence about studying abroad or just curious about how it might help your career, this post is for you!
Studying abroad is more than just an adventure (although it's that too). It's a game-changer for your career. First off, it shows employers that you're adaptable. You've navigated a new culture, maybe even learned a new language, and handled all sorts of challenges. That’s a huge plus in any job.
Then there's the network you build. You meet people from all over the world – friends, professors, and industry contacts. These connections can be invaluable when you’re looking for jobs. Imagine having a friend in another country who can give you the inside scoop on job openings or industry trends.
Plus, studying abroad can give you access to top-notch education. Many universities abroad offer courses and research opportunities that might not be available at home.
This specialized knowledge can make you a standout candidate.
Don't forget the personal growth aspect. Living in a new country pushes you out of your comfort zone. You become more independent, confident, and culturally aware. These are qualities that employers love to see.
Another perk is language skills. Even if you’re not fluent, being able to converse in another language is a huge asset. It shows you’re willing to put in the effort to communicate and understand different perspectives.
Also, companies today are more global than ever. They value employees who have international experience and can bring diverse viewpoints to the table. Your study abroad experience can make you that much more appealing to these companies.
If you're thinking about studying abroad but don’t know where to start, I highly recommend AnA Overseas. They’re one of the **best study abroad consultancies** out there. They can help you find the **right program**, navigate the application process, and even assist with visas and accommodation. With their help, the whole process becomes a lot less stressful.
So, if you want to **boost your career prospects** and have an amazing adventure at the same time, consider studying abroad. It might just be the best decision you ever make!
| henrywilliam | |
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Invest in verified Paxful accounts to take advantage of a leading platform in the online trading landscape.\n\n \n\nHow Old Paxful ensures a lot of Advantages?\n\nExplore the boundless opportunities that Verified Paxful accounts present for businesses looking to venture into the digital currency realm, as companies globally witness heightened profits and expansion. These success stories underline the myriad advantages of Paxful’s user-friendly interface, minimal fees, and robust trading tools, demonstrating its relevance across various sectors.\n\nBusinesses benefit from efficient transaction processing and cost-effective solutions, making Paxful a significant player in facilitating financial operations. Acquire a USA Paxful account effortlessly at a competitive rate from usasmmonline.com and unlock access to a world of possibilities. Buy Verified Paxful Account.\n\nExperience elevated convenience and accessibility through Paxful, where stories of transformation abound. Whether you are an individual seeking seamless transactions or a business eager to tap into a global market, buying old Paxful accounts unveils opportunities for growth.\n\nPaxful’s verified accounts not only offer reliability within the trading community but also serve as a testament to the platform’s ability to empower economic activities worldwide. Join the journey towards expansive possibilities and enhanced financial empowerment with Paxful today. Buy Verified Paxful Account.\n\n \n\nWhy paxful keep the security measures at the top priority?\nIn today’s digital landscape, security stands as a paramount concern for all individuals engaging in online activities, particularly within marketplaces such as Paxful. It is essential for account holders to remain informed about the comprehensive security protocols that are in place to safeguard their information.\n\nSafeguarding your Paxful account is imperative to guaranteeing the safety and security of your transactions. Two essential security components, Two-Factor Authentication and Routine Security Audits, serve as the pillars fortifying this shield of protection, ensuring a secure and trustworthy user experience for all. Buy Verified Paxful Account.\n\nConclusion\nInvesting in Bitcoin offers various avenues, and among those, utilizing a Paxful account has emerged as a favored option. Paxful, an esteemed online marketplace, enables users to engage in buying and selling Bitcoin. Buy Verified Paxful Account.\n\nThe initial step involves creating an account on Paxful and completing the verification process to ensure identity authentication. Subsequently, users gain access to a diverse range of offers from fellow users on the platform. Once a suitable proposal captures your interest, you can proceed to initiate a trade with the respective user, opening the doors to a seamless Bitcoin investing experience.\n\nIn conclusion, when considering the option of purchasing verified Paxful accounts, exercising caution and conducting thorough due diligence is of utmost importance. It is highly recommended to seek reputable sources and diligently research the seller’s history and reviews before making any transactions.\n\nMoreover, it is crucial to familiarize oneself with the terms and conditions outlined by Paxful regarding account verification, bearing in mind the potential consequences of violating those terms. By adhering to these guidelines, individuals can ensure a secure and reliable experience when engaging in such transactions. Buy Verified Paxful Account.\n\n \n\nContact Us / 24 Hours Reply\nTelegram:dmhelpshop\nWhatsApp: +1 (980) 277-2786\nSkype:dmhelpshop\nEmail:dmhelpshop@gmail.com" | hoselim868 |
1,876,212 | Implementation of Perceptron... | Hi! Today, I will implement the fundamental building block of neural networks: the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:02:18 | https://dev.to/pranjal_ml/implementation-of-perceptron-26en | ai, deeplearning, machinelearning, python | Hi! Today, I will implement the fundamental building block of neural networks: the Perceptron.
---
The perceptron is a foundational unit in neural networks and serves as a basic building block for more complex architectures. Understanding the perceptron is essential for grasping how neural networks function.
### 1. **Introduction to Perceptrons**
A perceptron is a simple model of a biological neuron. Introduced by Frank Rosenblatt in 1958, it is one of the earliest models of artificial neural networks. The perceptron takes several input signals, processes them, and produces an output signal.
### 2. **Structure of a Perceptron**
A perceptron consists of:
- **Input Nodes:** Represent the input features. Each input node corresponds to a feature in the dataset.
- **Weights:** Associated with each input node. These weights determine the importance of each input in making the decision.
- **Bias:** Added to the weighted sum of the inputs to allow the activation function to shift.
- **Activation Function:** Processes the weighted sum of the inputs and the bias. Common activation functions include the step function, sigmoid, and ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit).
### 3. **Mathematical Representation**
Mathematically, a perceptron can be represented as follows:
Where:
- \( y \) is the output of the perceptron.
- \( x_i \) are the input features.
- \( w_i \) are the weights associated with the inputs.
- \( b \) is the bias term.
- \( f \) is the activation function.
## Implementation
We'll start with a basic implementation using Python. Here, we'll create a `Perceptron` class with weights and an activation function (a simple step function).
```python
import numpy as np
class Perceptron:
def __init__(self, input_size, learning_rate=0.001, epochs=1000):
self.weights = np.zeros(input_size + 1)
self.learning_rate = learning_rate
self.epochs = epochs
def activation(self, x):
return 1 if x > 0 else 0
def predict(self, x):
z = self.weights.T.dot(x)
return self.activation(z)
def train(self, training_inputs, labels):
for _ in range(self.epochs):
for x, y in zip(training_inputs, labels):
x = np.insert(x, 0, 1) # Adding bias term
prediction = self.predict(x)
self.weights += self.learning_rate * (y - prediction) * x
def accuracy(self, test_inputs, test_labels):
correct_predictions = 0
for x, y in zip(test_inputs, test_labels):
x = np.insert(x, 0, 1) # Adding bias term
if self.predict(x) == y:
correct_predictions += 1
return correct_predictions / len(test_inputs)
# Sample data for training
training_inputs = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0], [1, 1]])
labels = np.array([0, 0, 0, 1])
# Create and train the perceptron
perceptron = Perceptron(input_size=2)
perceptron.train(training_inputs, labels)
# Test the perceptron
test_inputs = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0], [1, 1]])
test_labels = np.array([0, 0, 0, 1])
for test_input in test_inputs:
test_input_with_bias = np.insert(test_input, 0, 1) # Adding bias term
print(f"Input: {test_input}, Predicted Output: {perceptron.predict(test_input_with_bias)}")
# Calculate and print the accuracy
accuracy = perceptron.accuracy(test_inputs, test_labels)
print(f"Accuracy: {accuracy * 100:.2f}%")
```
This basic implementation is straightforward but may not be suitable for more complex tasks.
## TensorFlow Implementation
Let's implement the perceptron using TensorFlow, which provides a more beginner-friendly syntax.
```python
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense
# Sample data
X = tf.constant([[0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 0.0], [1.0, 1.0]], dtype=tf.float32)
y = tf.constant([[0.0], [1.0], [1.0], [1.0]], dtype=tf.float32)
# Define the Perceptron model
model = Sequential([Dense(1, input_dim=2, activation='sigmoid')])
# Compile the model
model.compile(optimizer='sgd', loss='binary_crossentropy')
# Train the model
epochs = 1000
history = model.fit(X, y, epochs=epochs, verbose=0)
# Print the final loss
final_loss = history.history['loss'][-1]
print(f'Final Loss: {final_loss:.4f}')
# Test the model
predictions = model.predict(X).round()
print(f'Predictions:\n{predictions}')
```
## PyTorch Implementation
Now, let's implement the perceptron using PyTorch, which offers more flexibility to developers.
```python
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
class Perceptron(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, input_dim):
super(Perceptron, self).__init__()
self.fc = nn.Linear(input_dim, 1)
def forward(self, x):
x = self.fc(x)
return torch.sigmoid(x)
# Sample data
X = torch.tensor([[0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 0.0], [1.0, 1.0]], dtype=torch.float32)
y = torch.tensor([[0.0], [1.0], [1.0], [1.0]], dtype=torch.float32)
# Define model, loss function, and optimizer
input_dim = X.shape[1]
model = Perceptron(input_dim)
criterion = nn.BCELoss()
optimizer = optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.001)
# Train the model
epochs = 10000
for epoch in range(epochs):
model.train()
optimizer.zero_grad()
outputs = model(X)
loss = criterion(outputs, y)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
if (epoch + 1) % 100 == 0:
print(f'Epoch [{epoch + 1}/{epochs}], Loss: {loss.item():.4f}')
# Test the model
model.eval()
with torch.no_grad():
test_output = model(X)
predictions = test_output.round()
print(f'Predictions:\n{predictions}')
```
---
Stay tuned for the next blog where we'll delve into Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP).
Stay connected! Visit my [GitHub](https://github.com/Pranjal-sharma-SDE/AI_Mind_Hub).
[Code](https://github.com/Pranjal-sharma-SDE/AI_Mind_Hub/blob/main/DeepLearning/Perceptron.ipynb)
Join our [Telegram Channel](https://t.me/+J2qk3bDFR-piZmU1) and let the adventure begin! See you there, Data Explorer! 🌐🚀 | pranjal_ml |
1,876,211 | How to create a Student Management App in React Native? | Creating a Student Management App in React Native involves several steps, including setting up the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:01:18 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-create-a-student-management-app-in-react-native-2a03 | Creating a Student Management App in React Native involves several steps, including setting up the development environment, creating the React Native project, designing the app structure, and implementing the features. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:
### Step 1: Set Up the Development Environment
1. **Install Node.js**:
Download and install Node.js from [nodejs.org](https://nodejs.org/).
2. **Install React Native CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g react-native-cli
```
3. **Set Up Android Studio and/or Xcode**:
- For Android development, download and install [Android Studio](https://developer.android.com/studio).
- For iOS development, ensure you have [Xcode](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/) installed (macOS only).
4. **Install Additional Dependencies**:
- For Android: Configure the Android SDK and emulator in Android Studio.
- For iOS: Ensure you have CocoaPods installed (`sudo gem install cocoapods`).
### Step 2: Create a New React Native Project
1. **Create the Project**:
```bash
npx react-native init StudentManagementApp
cd StudentManagementApp
```
### Step 3: Set Up Navigation
1. **Install React Navigation**:
```bash
npm install @react-navigation/native
npm install @react-navigation/stack
npm install @react-navigation/bottom-tabs
npm install react-native-screens react-native-safe-area-context
```
2. **Link Native Dependencies**:
```bash
npx react-native link
```
3. **Install Dependencies for Navigation**:
```bash
npm install react-native-gesture-handler react-native-reanimated
npm install react-native-vector-icons
```
4. **Configure Navigation**:
Create a `navigation` directory and set up navigation files.
`src/navigation/AppNavigator.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { NavigationContainer } from '@react-navigation/native';
import { createStackNavigator } from '@react-navigation/stack';
import { createBottomTabNavigator } from '@react-navigation/bottom-tabs';
import HomeScreen from '../screens/HomeScreen';
import AddStudentScreen from '../screens/AddStudentScreen';
import StudentDetailsScreen from '../screens/StudentDetailsScreen';
const Stack = createStackNavigator();
const Tab = createBottomTabNavigator();
const HomeStack = () => (
<Stack.Navigator>
<Stack.Screen name="Home" component={HomeScreen} />
<Stack.Screen name="StudentDetails" component={StudentDetailsScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
);
const AddStudentStack = () => (
<Stack.Navigator>
<Stack.Screen name="AddStudent" component={AddStudentScreen} />
</Stack.Navigator>
);
const AppNavigator = () => (
<NavigationContainer>
<Tab.Navigator>
<Tab.Screen name="Home" component={HomeStack} />
<Tab.Screen name="AddStudent" component={AddStudentStack} />
</Tab.Navigator>
</NavigationContainer>
);
export default AppNavigator;
```
### Step 4: Create Screens
1. **Create a `screens` Directory**:
Create `src/screens` directory and add the following screens.
`src/screens/HomeScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, Button, FlatList } from 'react-native';
const HomeScreen = ({ navigation }) => {
const [students, setStudents] = React.useState([
{ id: '1', name: 'John Doe' },
{ id: '2', name: 'Jane Smith' },
]);
return (
<View>
<Text>Student List</Text>
<FlatList
data={students}
keyExtractor={(item) => item.id}
renderItem={({ item }) => (
<View>
<Text>{item.name}</Text>
<Button
title="View Details"
onPress={() => navigation.navigate('StudentDetails', { student: item })}
/>
</View>
)}
/>
</View>
);
};
export default HomeScreen;
```
`src/screens/AddStudentScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text, TextInput, Button } from 'react-native';
const AddStudentScreen = ({ navigation }) => {
const [name, setName] = React.useState('');
const handleAddStudent = () => {
// Logic to add student
navigation.navigate('Home');
};
return (
<View>
<Text>Add Student</Text>
<TextInput
placeholder="Name"
value={name}
onChangeText={setName}
/>
<Button title="Add" onPress={handleAddStudent} />
</View>
);
};
export default AddStudentScreen;
```
`src/screens/StudentDetailsScreen.js`:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import { View, Text } from 'react-native';
const StudentDetailsScreen = ({ route }) => {
const { student } = route.params;
return (
<View>
<Text>Student Details</Text>
<Text>Name: {student.name}</Text>
{/* Add more details here */}
</View>
);
};
export default StudentDetailsScreen;
```
### Step 5: Set Up App Entry Point
1. **Update `App.js`**:
```javascript
import React from 'react';
import AppNavigator from './src/navigation/AppNavigator';
const App = () => {
return <AppNavigator />;
};
export default App;
```
### Step 6: Run the Application
1. **Run on Android**:
```bash
npx react-native run-android
```
2. **Run on iOS**:
```bash
npx react-native run-ios
```
### Step 7: Add Additional Features
1. **Enhance the App**:
- Add state management using Context API or Redux.
- Connect to a backend API for storing and retrieving student data.
- Implement authentication if needed.
2. **Style the App**:
- Use `StyleSheet` in React Native to style your components.
- Consider using a UI library like `react-native-paper` or `native-base`.
This guide provides a foundational approach to creating a Student Management App in React Native. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,210 | Creative Split Sign Up Page with Testimonial Slider | This pen showcases a creative split sign-up page design with integrated testimonials. The page is... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:01:05 | https://dev.to/creative_salahu/creative-split-sign-up-page-with-testimonial-slider-42h7 | codepen | This pen showcases a creative split sign-up page design with integrated testimonials. The page is divided into two sections: the left column contains the sign-up form, while the right column displays client testimonials. The design is modern and visually appealing, with a clean and intuitive user interface.
The sign-up form features input fields for username, email, and password, along with a call-to-action button. The form is user-friendly and responsive, providing a seamless experience across different devices.
The testimonial section showcases glowing reviews from satisfied clients, adding credibility and trust to the sign-up page. The testimonials are displayed in a visually appealing slider, allowing users to navigate through the reviews with ease.
This pen combines both functionality and aesthetics to create an engaging sign-up experience for users, while also highlighting the positive feedback from previous clients.
{% codepen https://codepen.io/CreativeSalahu/pen/YzRKeEK %} | creative_salahu |
1,876,209 | Introducing llama-github: Enhance Your AI Agents with Smart GitHub Retrieval | Hello Dev Community! I'm excited to introduce llama-github, a powerful tool designed to enhance LLM... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:00:42 | https://dev.to/jet_xu/introducing-llama-github-enhance-your-ai-agents-with-smart-github-retrieval-2nph | rag, ai, python, github | Hello Dev Community!
I'm excited to introduce [llama-github](https://github.com/JetXu-LLM/llama-github), a powerful tool designed to enhance LLM Chatbots, AI Agents, and Auto-dev Agents by retrieving relevant code snippets, issues, and repository information from GitHub. Whether you're working on complex coding tasks or need quick access to relevant code, llama-github is here to help.
## High level architecture
## Key Features
- **Efficient GitHub Retrieval**: Quickly find relevant code snippets, issues, and repository information.
- **Empowers AI Agents**: Enhances LLM Chatbots, AI Agents, and Auto-dev Agents for complex coding tasks.
- **Advanced Caching**: Speeds up searches and saves API tokens with innovative repository pool caching.
- **Smart Query Analysis**: Leverages state-of-the-art language models to understand and process complex queries.
- **Asynchronous Processing**: Handles multiple requests concurrently for improved performance.
- **Flexible Integration**: Easily integrates with various LLM providers and models.
- **Robust Authentication**: Supports personal access tokens and GitHub App authentication.
- **Comprehensive Logging**: Provides detailed logging and error handling for smooth operations.
## Installation
You can install llama-github using pip:
```bash
pip install llama-github
```
## Quick Start Guide
Here's a quick example to get you started with llama-github:
```python
from llama_github import GithubRAG
# Initialize GithubRAG with your credentials
github_rag = GithubRAG(
github_access_token="your_github_access_token",
openai_api_key="your_openai_api_key", # Optional in Simple Mode
jina_api_key="your_jina_api_key" # Optional - unless you want high concurrency production deployment (s.jina.ai API will be used in llama-github)
)
# Retrieve context for a coding question (simple_mode is default set to False)
query = "How to create a NumPy array in Python?"
context = github_rag.retrieve_context(
query, # In professional mode, one query will take nearly 1 min to generate final contexts. You could set log level to INFO to monitor the retrieval progress
# simple_mode = True
)
print(context)
```
## Get Involved
We would love to hear your feedback and suggestions! Please feel free to try out llama-github and let us know your thoughts. You can find more information and contribute to the project on our [GitHub repository](https://github.com/JetXu-LLM/llama-github).
If you like this project or believe it has potential, please give it a ⭐️. Your support is our greatest motivation!
Happy coding!
---
*Jet Xu*
``` | jet_xu |
1,872,363 | Php Closure | Closure em PHP Uma closure em PHP é uma função anônima que pode capturar variáveis do seu... | 0 | 2024-05-31T19:02:38 | https://dev.to/slns/php-closure-502 | php, closure | ### Closure em PHP
Uma closure em PHP é uma função anônima que pode capturar variáveis do seu escopo circundante. Isso permite que a função acesse essas variáveis mesmo depois que o escopo externo tenha terminado. As closures são úteis para criar funções dinâmicas e encapsular comportamentos.
#### Exemplo Básico
```php
<?php
$mensagem = "Olá, mundo!";
$minhaClosure = function() use ($mensagem) {
echo $mensagem;
};
$minhaClosure(); // Saída: Olá, mundo!
?>
```
No exemplo acima:
- A variável `$mensagem` é capturada pela closure através da cláusula `use`.
- A closure é chamada mais tarde e ainda pode acessar `$mensagem`.
#### Usando Closure Dentro de uma Função
```php
<?php
function criarSaudacao($nome) {
$mensagem = "Olá, $nome!";
// Definindo uma closure dentro da função
$saudacao = function() use ($mensagem) {
echo $mensagem;
};
// Retornando a closure
return $saudacao;
}
$saudacaoParaJoao = criarSaudacao("João");
$saudacaoParaJoao(); // Saída: Olá, João!
?>
```
Neste exemplo, a closure é criada dentro da função `criarSaudacao` e captura a variável `$mensagem` do seu escopo.
#### Passando Variáveis por Referência
Por padrão, as variáveis são passadas por valor para a closure. Para passá-las por referência, use o operador `&`:
```php
<?php
$contador = 10;
$minhaClosure = function() use (&$contador) {
$contador++;
};
$minhaClosure();
echo $contador; // Saída: 11
?>
```
Aqui, a variável `$contador` é passada por referência, permitindo que a closure modifique seu valor original.
As closures em PHP são uma ferramenta poderosa para encapsular lógica e criar funções dinâmicas, mantendo o acesso a variáveis do escopo onde foram definidas. | slns |
1,875,442 | Are Passkeys SCA-Compliant? | Introduction: SCA Compliance and Passkeys Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) is a... | 0 | 2024-06-04T06:00:00 | https://www.corbado.com/blog/passkeys-sca-compliance | cybersecurity, authentication, identity, banking | ## Introduction: SCA Compliance and Passkeys
Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) is a critical requirement for enhancing the security of online banking applications. This article explains how passkeys can meet SCA requirements, providing secure and user-friendly authentication solutions. With the rise of fintech and mobile banking, understanding the role of passkeys in SCA compliance is essential for developers and product managers alike.
**_[Read full blog post here](https://www.corbado.com/blog/passkeys-sca-compliance)_**
## Current SCA Architecture in Online Banking
Online banking can be divided into traditional banks and neo-banks. Traditional banks often rely on desktop access with multiple authentication factors like PINs and SMS TANs, while neo-banks use native mobile apps with more advanced authentication methods. Despite these advancements, traditional methods still pose risks, such as phishing attacks, which underscore the need for more secure authentication methods like passkeys.
## Device-Binding in Banking Apps
Banking apps have traditionally used device-binding for secure authentication. This involves generating a public/private key pair during registration, with the private key stored securely on the device. Device-binding ensures that authentication is tied to a specific device, enhancing security but complicating user experience during device changes.
## Storing Private Keys Securely
To comply with SCA, private keys in banking apps must be stored in hardware security modules (HSMs), such as secure enclaves or TPMs. These modules prevent unauthorized access and ensure that keys are not included in backups, thereby reducing the risk of compromise.
## Passkeys and SCA Compliance
Passkeys fulfill generic authentication requirements by providing two distinct authentication factors: possession and inherence. The private key, stored in a hardware security module, ensures possession, while biometric authentication (fingerprint or facial recognition) provides inherence. This combination meets SCA requirements for two independent authentication factors.
## Possession Factor Analysis
For passkeys to be SCA-compliant, they must securely associate with the user, provide proof of possession, and ensure secure key storage. Passkeys achieve this by generating a cryptographically verifiable signature for each authentication attempt, proving possession of the private key.
## Synced Passkeys: Meeting SCA Requirements
Synced passkeys, stored in cloud services like Apple's iCloud or Google's equivalent, also meet SCA requirements despite not being device-bound. These keys are encrypted and synced across devices securely, ensuring that the private key remains protected during transit and storage.
## Security of Synced Passkeys
Synced passkeys rely on advanced security measures to protect against unauthorized access. For instance, Apple's iCloud Keychain uses encryption and multi-factor authentication (MFA) to secure passkeys. This ensures that even if a device is compromised, the private keys remain protected.
## Recommendations for Financial Institutions
Financial institutions should consider integrating passkeys as a part of their authentication strategy. Here are some starting points:
1. **Replace PINs and Passwords:** Use passkeys as the first-factor authentication to eliminate phishable credentials.
2. **Combine Passkeys with SMS OTPs:** Enhance security and user experience by combining passkeys with SMS OTPs for device recovery.
By adopting passkeys, banks can significantly reduce the risk of cyber-attacks and improve user experience.
## Conclusion
Passkeys, whether device-bound or synced, provide a robust and SCA-compliant authentication solution. Their ability to combine possession and inherence factors makes them ideal for securing online banking applications. As technology evolves, it is crucial for financial institutions to adopt passkeys to stay ahead in the ever-changing landscape of digital security.
Find out more on [What SCA Requirements Mean for Passkeys](https://www.corbado.com/blog/passkeys-sca-compliance).
This concise guide ensures that even those new to the concept can understand the importance and implementation of passkeys in meeting SCA compliance, providing a secure and seamless user experience. | vdelitz |
1,876,208 | How to use Express JS with Mongoose? | Using Express.js with Mongoose is a common setup for building applications with MongoDB. Here's a... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:59:25 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-use-express-js-with-mongoose-94o | Using Express.js with Mongoose is a common setup for building applications with MongoDB. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you get started:
### Step 1: Set Up a New Express.js Project
1. **Initialize a New Project**:
```bash
mkdir express-mongoose-app
cd express-mongoose-app
npm init -y
```
2. **Install Required Packages**:
```bash
npm install express mongoose
npm install dotenv
```
### Step 2: Configure Environment Variables
1. **Create a `.env` File**:
Create a `.env` file in the root of your project to store environment variables:
```plaintext
PORT=3000
MONGODB_URI=mongodb://localhost:27017/mydatabase
```
2. **Load Environment Variables**:
Create a `config.js` file to load environment variables:
```javascript
require('dotenv').config();
module.exports = {
port: process.env.PORT || 3000,
mongodbUri: process.env.MONGODB_URI,
};
```
### Step 3: Set Up Mongoose
1. **Create a Directory Structure**:
```bash
mkdir -p src/models src/controllers src/routes src/config
```
2. **Create Mongoose Connection**:
Create `src/config/mongoose.js` to handle the connection to MongoDB:
```javascript
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const config = require('../../config');
const connectDB = async () => {
try {
await mongoose.connect(config.mongodbUri, {
useNewUrlParser: true,
useUnifiedTopology: true,
useCreateIndex: true,
useFindAndModify: false,
});
console.log('MongoDB connected');
} catch (error) {
console.error('MongoDB connection failed:', error.message);
process.exit(1);
}
};
module.exports = connectDB;
```
### Step 4: Create Mongoose Models
1. **Create a User Model**:
Create `src/models/User.js`:
```javascript
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
name: {
type: String,
required: true,
},
email: {
type: String,
required: true,
unique: true,
},
password: {
type: String,
required: true,
},
});
const User = mongoose.model('User', userSchema);
module.exports = User;
```
### Step 5: Create Controllers
1. **Create User Controller**:
Create `src/controllers/userController.js`:
```javascript
const User = require('../models/User');
exports.getUsers = async (req, res) => {
try {
const users = await User.find();
res.json(users);
} catch (error) {
res.status(500).json({ message: error.message });
}
};
exports.getUser = async (req, res) => {
try {
const user = await User.findById(req.params.id);
if (!user) {
return res.status(404).json({ message: 'User not found' });
}
res.json(user);
} catch (error) {
res.status(500).json({ message: error.message });
}
};
exports.createUser = async (req, res) => {
const { name, email, password } = req.body;
const userExists = await User.findOne({ email });
if (userExists) {
return res.status(400).json({ message: 'User already exists' });
}
const user = new User({
name,
email,
password,
});
try {
const newUser = await user.save();
res.status(201).json(newUser);
} catch (error) {
res.status(400).json({ message: error.message });
}
};
exports.updateUser = async (req, res) => {
try {
const user = await User.findById(req.params.id);
if (!user) {
return res.status(404).json({ message: 'User not found' });
}
user.name = req.body.name || user.name;
user.email = req.body.email || user.email;
user.password = req.body.password || user.password;
const updatedUser = await user.save();
res.json(updatedUser);
} catch (error) {
res.status(400).json({ message: error.message });
}
};
exports.deleteUser = async (req, res) => {
try {
const user = await User.findById(req.params.id);
if (!user) {
return res.status(404).json({ message: 'User not found' });
}
await user.remove();
res.json({ message: 'User deleted' });
} catch (error) {
res.status(500).json({ message: error.message });
}
};
```
### Step 6: Create Routes
1. **Create User Routes**:
Create `src/routes/userRoutes.js`:
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const { getUsers, getUser, createUser, updateUser, deleteUser } = require('../controllers/userController');
const router = express.Router();
router.get('/users', getUsers);
router.get('/users/:id', getUser);
router.post('/users', createUser);
router.put('/users/:id', updateUser);
router.delete('/users/:id', deleteUser);
module.exports = router;
```
### Step 7: Set Up the Express Server
1. **Create the Server**:
Create `src/index.js`:
```javascript
const express = require('express');
const connectDB = require('./config/mongoose');
const userRoutes = require('./routes/userRoutes');
const config = require('../config');
const app = express();
// Connect to MongoDB
connectDB();
// Middleware to parse JSON
app.use(express.json());
// Routes
app.use('/api', userRoutes);
const PORT = config.port;
app.listen(PORT, () => {
console.log(`Server running on http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});
```
### Step 8: Run the Application
1. **Start the Express Application**:
```bash
node src/index.js
```
### Step 9: Test the API
1. **Test Endpoints**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the RESTful API endpoints:
- `GET /api/users`: Retrieve all users.
- `GET /api/users/:id`: Retrieve a user by ID.
- `POST /api/users`: Create a new user.
```json
{
"name": "John Doe",
"email": "john@example.com",
"password": "password"
}
```
- `PUT /api/users/:id`: Update a user by ID.
- `DELETE /api/users/:id`: Delete a user by ID.
This guide provides a foundational approach to integrating Mongoose with an Express.js application. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,207 | TryParse C# | Int32. Uzbek | Salom barchaga. Bugun biz TryParse haqida gaplashamiz. Va shu o'rinda quyidagi savollar bilan bog'liq... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:58:14 | https://dev.to/ozodbek_soft/tryparse-c-int32-uzbek-e1j | tryparse, csharp, uzbek, integer | **Salom barchaga. Bugun biz TryParse haqida gaplashamiz. Va shu o'rinda quyidagi savollar bilan bog'liq miflarni sindiramiz.**
```
- TryParse o'zi nima ?
- TryParsening turlari ham bormi ?
- TryParse C# da qanday ishlaydi ?
- Amaliyot qilib ko'ramizmi ?
```
_**Boshladik🚀**_
> TryParse bu Parse qilishga harakat qiladigan bir method deb olsak ham bo'ladi. Misol uchun Int.Parse() methodi bizga int tipiga parse qilib beradigan bo'lsa TryParse parse qilishga harakat qiladi, qila olmasa false qaytradi. TryParse C# dasturlash tilida System kutubxonasining methodi hisoblanadi. Ishga tushirilishi esa System.Runtime.dll orqali amalga oshiriladi. Mantiqiy qiymat qaytaradi.
_Boshqa methodlar kabi TryParse() methodining o'ziga yarasha Overloadinglari ham bor. Overloading bu parametrlarni joylash, Yani qancha parametr va qanday shaklda olishi. Ularni ham birma bir ko'rib chiqamiz._
1 - `TryParse(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, IFormatProvider, Int32)` - _[UTF-8](https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+utf-8+in+c%23&sca_esv=6b733a51577a6574&ei=AKVeZtesFZSj3QPWvYi4DA&oq=what+is+utf-8+in+C&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiEndoYXQgaXMgdXRmLTggaW4gQyoCCAIyBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yCBAAGBYYHhgPMgYQABgWGB4yBhAAGBYYHjIGEAAYFhgeMgYQABgWGB4yChAAGBYYChgeGA8yBhAAGBYYHkjyGVC3A1ivCXABeAGQAQCYAY8BoAGRBaoBAzAuNbgBAcgBAPgBAZgCBqACrAXCAgoQABiwAxjWBBhHwgINEAAYgAQYsAMYQxiKBcICBRAAGIAEmAMAiAYBkAYKkgcDMS41oAfhHA&sclient=gws-wiz-serp) belgilar oraligida qiymatga ajratishga harakat qiladi. _
2 - `TryParse(ReadOnlySpan<Char>, Int32)` -_ Belgilangan methodni **Int32** ga Parse qilishga harakat qilib ko'radi. Agar **Parse** qila olsa natijani qaytaradi. Yokida **False** qaytaradi(Yoki methodning return typega bog'liq)._
3 - `TryParse(String, Int32)` - _String orqali kiritgan ma'lumotni tekshiradi, Agar kiritgan ma'lumot raqam ko'rinishida bo'lsa natijani qaytaradi. Aks holda False._
4 - `TryParse(ReadOnlySpan<Char>, IFormatProvider, Int32)` - _Belgilar oralig'ini qiymatga ajratishga harakat qiladi._
5 - `TryParse(String, IFormatProvider, Int32)` - _Qatorni qiymatga ajratishga harakat qiladi. _
6 - `TryParse(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>, NumberStyles, IFormatProvider, Int32)` - _UTF-8 belgilar oralig'ini qiymatga ajratishga harakat qiladi. _
7 - `Shu ko'rinishda ketaveradi. O'zingiz har bir harakatlar qilib ko'rasiz, hali pastda o'rganadigan narsalar ko'p :) `
C# dasturlash tilida yozilishi
```
public static bool TryParse (ReadOnlySpan<byte> utf8Text, IFormatProvider? provider, out int result);
```
`.NET 8` & `.NET 9`_ ga tegishli Method hisoblanadi_.
Agar method orqali kelgan qiymat `null` bo'lsa, Convert qilish bajarilmaydi.
Kelinglar bir Misollar orqali ko'rib chiqamiz.
public static void Main()
{
string[] sonlar = { null, "1244", "-8595", "+550", "23.5", "(102);", "01FR"}
foreach(var i in sonlar)
{
int son;
bool omad = int.TryParse(i, out son);
if (omad)
Console.WriteLine($"{i} Convert qilindi >> {son}");
else
Console.WriteLine("Convert qilishda xatolik, null qiymatlarni ham tekshiring!");
}
}
Bu yerda Code Convert qila olmaydi, Sababi ?
- Birinchi qiymatda Null qiymat oldi. Failed❌
- 1244 Bunisi ishlaydi✅
- -8595 Bunisi ishlaydi✅
- +550 Bunisi ishlaydi✅
- 23.5 Failed ❌
- (102); Faied. Sababi ortiqcha belgilar ham qo'shilgan.
- 01FR - Failed❌, Raqam va Sonlar aralashib ketdi.
Qisqacha bo'lsa ham tushuntira oldin degan umiddaman.
| ozodbek_soft |
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1,876,205 | How to use Nest JS with Prisma? | Using NestJS with Prisma is a great choice for working with databases in a type-safe manner. Here's a... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:57:54 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-use-nest-js-with-prisma-52c0 | Using NestJS with Prisma is a great choice for working with databases in a type-safe manner. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to set up NestJS with Prisma:
### Step 1: Set Up a New NestJS Project
1. **Install Nest CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g @nestjs/cli
```
2. **Create a New Project**:
```bash
nest new project-name
cd project-name
```
### Step 2: Install Prisma and Generate Client
1. **Install Prisma CLI**:
```bash
npm install @prisma/cli --save-dev
```
2. **Initialize Prisma**:
```bash
npx prisma init
```
This will create a `prisma` directory with a `schema.prisma` file and a `.env` file.
3. **Edit the `.env` file**:
Configure your database connection in the `.env` file. For example, for a PostgreSQL database:
```plaintext
DATABASE_URL="postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/mydb?schema=public"
```
4. **Define your data model**:
Edit `prisma/schema.prisma` to define your data model. For example:
```prisma
datasource db {
provider = "postgresql"
url = env("DATABASE_URL")
}
generator client {
provider = "prisma-client-js"
}
model User {
id Int @id @default(autoincrement())
name String
email String @unique
}
```
5. **Generate the Prisma Client**:
```bash
npx prisma generate
```
### Step 3: Install and Configure Prisma in NestJS
1. **Install Prisma Client and Dependencies**:
```bash
npm install @prisma/client
npm install @nestjs/config
```
2. **Create a Prisma Module**:
Create a `prisma` directory inside `src` and add `prisma.service.ts` and `prisma.module.ts` files.
3. **Prisma Service**:
Create `src/prisma/prisma.service.ts`:
```typescript
import { Injectable, OnModuleInit, OnModuleDestroy } from '@nestjs/common';
import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';
@Injectable()
export class PrismaService extends PrismaClient implements OnModuleInit, OnModuleDestroy {
async onModuleInit() {
await this.$connect();
}
async onModuleDestroy() {
await this.$disconnect();
}
}
```
4. **Prisma Module**:
Create `src/prisma/prisma.module.ts`:
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { PrismaService } from './prisma.service';
@Module({
providers: [PrismaService],
exports: [PrismaService],
})
export class PrismaModule {}
```
### Step 4: Create a User Module
1. **Generate User Module, Controller, and Service**:
```bash
nest g module user
nest g controller user
nest g service user
```
2. **Update User Service**:
Open `src/user/user.service.ts` and use Prisma to interact with the database:
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { PrismaService } from '../prisma/prisma.service';
@Injectable()
export class UserService {
constructor(private prisma: PrismaService) {}
async getUsers() {
return this.prisma.user.findMany();
}
async getUser(id: number) {
return this.prisma.user.findUnique({ where: { id } });
}
async createUser(name: string, email: string) {
return this.prisma.user.create({ data: { name, email } });
}
async deleteUser(id: number) {
return this.prisma.user.delete({ where: { id } });
}
}
```
3. **Update User Controller**:
Open `src/user/user.controller.ts` and define the endpoints:
```typescript
import { Controller, Get, Param, Post, Body, Delete } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UserService } from './user.service';
@Controller('users')
export class UserController {
constructor(private userService: UserService) {}
@Get()
async getUsers() {
return this.userService.getUsers();
}
@Get(':id')
async getUser(@Param('id') id: number) {
return this.userService.getUser(id);
}
@Post()
async createUser(@Body('name') name: string, @Body('email') email: string) {
return this.userService.createUser(name, email);
}
@Delete(':id')
async deleteUser(@Param('id') id: number) {
return this.userService.deleteUser(id);
}
}
```
4. **Update User Module**:
Open `src/user/user.module.ts` and import the PrismaModule:
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UserService } from './user.service';
import { UserController } from './user.controller';
import { PrismaModule } from '../prisma/prisma.module';
@Module({
imports: [PrismaModule],
providers: [UserService],
controllers: [UserController],
})
export class UserModule {}
```
### Step 5: Integrate User Module into App Module
1. **Update App Module**:
Open `src/app.module.ts` and import the UserModule and PrismaModule:
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { ConfigModule } from '@nestjs/config';
import { UserModule } from './user/user.module';
import { PrismaModule } from './prisma/prisma.module';
@Module({
imports: [
ConfigModule.forRoot({ isGlobal: true }),
UserModule,
PrismaModule,
],
})
export class AppModule {}
```
### Step 6: Run the Application
1. **Start the NestJS Application**:
```bash
npm run start:dev
```
### Step 7: Test the Application
1. **Test Endpoints**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the RESTful API endpoints:
- `GET /users`: Retrieve all users.
- `GET /users/:id`: Retrieve a user by ID.
- `POST /users`: Create a new user.
```json
{
"name": "John Doe",
"email": "john@example.com"
}
```
- `DELETE /users/:id`: Delete a user by ID.
This guide provides a foundational approach to integrating Prisma with a NestJS application. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,203 | The Great Web Dev Showdown: React or Next.js for Your Next Project? | The realm of web development is a constantly evolving landscape, with new frameworks and libraries... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:56:51 | https://dev.to/akaksha/the-great-web-dev-showdown-react-or-nextjs-for-your-next-project-1e2d | The realm of web development is a constantly evolving landscape, with new frameworks and libraries emerging all the time. When it comes to building modern web applications, two titans stand out: React and Next.js. But with both boasting impressive features, choosing the champion for your next project can be a head-scratcher. Fear not, fellow developers! This guide will delve into the strengths and weaknesses of [React and Next.js](https://www.clariontech.com/blog/react-vs-next.js), equipping you to pick the perfect partner for your web development showdown.
React, the brainchild of Facebook, has become the ubiquitous library for crafting user interfaces. Its core strength lies in its component-based architecture. Imagine building your application with Lego bricks – each component is a self-contained, reusable piece that interacts with others to form the complete picture. This approach promotes code maintainability, scalability, and a clean separation of concerns.
Next.js steps in as a React framework built on top of the core React library. Think of it as a pre-configured React environment with additional features and opinions on how to structure your application. These pre-built features streamline the development process, letting you focus on building your app rather than setting up the groundwork.
**Choose React if:**
You need maximum flexibility and control over your application's architecture.
Your project is a complex application with specific requirements that might not fit well with Next.js' structure.
Your team has a strong understanding of React and the necessary libraries for building a full-fledged application.
**Choose Next.js if:**
You prioritize performance and SEO for your web application.
You value a streamlined development experience with pre-built features and opinions.
Your project is a relatively standard web application or website that can benefit from the built-in features of Next.js.
Both React and Next.js are powerful tools that can elevate your web development projects. By understanding their strengths, weaknesses, and ideal use cases, you can make an informed decision and pick the perfect partner for your specific project needs. Remember, the champion isn't React or Next.js itself, but the one that empowers you to build the best possible web application in the most efficient way. So, analyze your project requirements, consider your team's skillset, and choose your champion wisely!
| akaksha | |
1,876,202 | How to use Nest JS with TypeORM? | Using NestJS with TypeORM is a common setup for building scalable applications. Here’s a step-by-step... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:56:41 | https://dev.to/nadim_ch0wdhury/how-to-use-nest-js-with-typeorm-4bbk | Using NestJS with TypeORM is a common setup for building scalable applications. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to integrate TypeORM into a NestJS project:
### Step 1: Set Up a New NestJS Project
1. **Install Nest CLI**:
```bash
npm install -g @nestjs/cli
```
2. **Create a New Project**:
```bash
nest new project-name
cd project-name
```
### Step 2: Install TypeORM and Database Driver
1. **Install TypeORM and the database driver**:
For MySQL:
```bash
npm install @nestjs/typeorm typeorm mysql2
```
For PostgreSQL:
```bash
npm install @nestjs/typeorm typeorm pg
```
### Step 3: Configure TypeORM
1. **Create a `ormconfig.json` File**:
```json
{
"type": "mysql", // or 'postgres'
"host": "localhost",
"port": 3306, // or 5432 for PostgreSQL
"username": "root", // or your PostgreSQL username
"password": "password", // or your PostgreSQL password
"database": "test",
"entities": ["dist/**/*.entity{.ts,.js}"],
"synchronize": true
}
```
2. **Configure TypeORM Module in `app.module.ts`**:
Open `src/app.module.ts` and configure the TypeORM module:
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { UserModule } from './user/user.module';
@Module({
imports: [
TypeOrmModule.forRoot(),
UserModule,
],
})
export class AppModule {}
```
### Step 4: Create a User Module, Entity, and Service
1. **Generate a User Module**:
```bash
nest g module user
```
2. **Generate a User Entity**:
```bash
nest g class user/user.entity --no-spec
```
3. **Define the User Entity**:
Open `src/user/user.entity.ts` and define the entity:
```typescript
import { Entity, Column, PrimaryGeneratedColumn } from 'typeorm';
@Entity()
export class User {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: number;
@Column()
name: string;
@Column()
email: string;
}
```
4. **Generate a User Service**:
```bash
nest g service user
```
5. **Implement User Service**:
Open `src/user/user.service.ts` and implement the service methods:
```typescript
import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
import { User } from './user.entity';
@Injectable()
export class UserService {
constructor(
@InjectRepository(User)
private usersRepository: Repository<User>,
) {}
findAll(): Promise<User[]> {
return this.usersRepository.find();
}
findOne(id: number): Promise<User> {
return this.usersRepository.findOneBy({ id });
}
async remove(id: number): Promise<void> {
await this.usersRepository.delete(id);
}
create(user: Partial<User>): Promise<User> {
const newUser = this.usersRepository.create(user);
return this.usersRepository.save(newUser);
}
}
```
### Step 5: Create a User Controller
1. **Generate a User Controller**:
```bash
nest g controller user
```
2. **Implement User Controller**:
Open `src/user/user.controller.ts` and define the controller methods:
```typescript
import { Controller, Get, Post, Delete, Param, Body } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UserService } from './user.service';
import { User } from './user.entity';
@Controller('users')
export class UserController {
constructor(private readonly userService: UserService) {}
@Get()
findAll(): Promise<User[]> {
return this.userService.findAll();
}
@Get(':id')
findOne(@Param('id') id: number): Promise<User> {
return this.userService.findOne(id);
}
@Post()
create(@Body() user: Partial<User>): Promise<User> {
return this.userService.create(user);
}
@Delete(':id')
remove(@Param('id') id: number): Promise<void> {
return this.userService.remove(id);
}
}
```
### Step 6: Integrate User Module into App Module
1. **Update `user.module.ts`**:
Open `src/user/user.module.ts` and configure the module:
```typescript
import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { UserService } from './user.service';
import { UserController } from './user.controller';
import { User } from './user.entity';
@Module({
imports: [TypeOrmModule.forFeature([User])],
providers: [UserService],
controllers: [UserController],
})
export class UserModule {}
```
### Step 7: Run the Application
1. **Start the NestJS Application**:
```bash
npm run start:dev
```
### Step 8: Test the Application
1. **Test Endpoints**:
Use a tool like Postman or curl to test the RESTful API endpoints:
- `GET /users`: Retrieve all users.
- `GET /users/:id`: Retrieve a user by ID.
- `POST /users`: Create a new user.
- `DELETE /users/:id`: Delete a user by ID.
This guide provides a foundational approach to integrating TypeORM into a NestJS application. You can further expand and customize it based on your application's requirements.
Disclaimer: This content is generated by AI. | nadim_ch0wdhury | |
1,876,201 | "Building Better Communities: How Construction Impacts Urban Development" | Urban development in Malappuram, a bustling district in Kerala, is intricately linked to the... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:54:01 | https://dev.to/beanbuzz/building-better-communities-how-construction-impacts-urban-development-kni | Urban development in Malappuram, a bustling district in Kerala, is intricately linked to the construction industry. With the rapid expansion of urban areas, the demand for residential, commercial, and infrastructure projects has surged, driving the construction sector to the forefront of shaping the city's landscape. As one of the best builders in Malappuram, Mak Builders has played a pivotal role in this transformation, spearheading projects that not only meet the growing needs of the population but also contribute to the overall development of the region.
Construction activities in Malappuram have a multifaceted impact on urban development. Firstly, they provide essential infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and utilities, which are the backbone of a thriving urban environment. Mak Builders, with its expertise in infrastructure development, has been instrumental in enhancing connectivity and accessibility across Malappuram, laying the groundwork for sustainable growth. Moreover, the construction of residential complexes and commercial buildings by top builders like Mak Builders has addressed the housing shortage in urban areas, providing modern living spaces and fostering economic activity.
Furthermore, construction projects have a ripple effect on various sectors of the economy, driving employment, and generating revenue. As one of the leading [builders in Malappuram](urlhttps://makbuilders.in/), Mak Builders has created job opportunities for skilled and unskilled laborers, engineers, architects, and other professionals, thereby contributing to the socio-economic development of the region. Additionally, the economic stimulus generated by construction activities fuels ancillary industries such as manufacturing, transportation, and retail, further bolstering the local economy. In essence, the construction industry serves as a catalyst for urban development, driving progress and prosperity in Malappuram and beyond. | beanbuzz | |
1,876,200 | 🚀 Advanced Tech Courses for IT Professionals: Elevate Your Expertise 🚀 | Unlock new career opportunities and boost your skills with advanced tech courses designed for IT... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:52:07 | https://dev.to/meandertraining/advanced-tech-courses-for-it-professionals-elevate-your-expertise-1fn4 | webdev, beginners, react, devops | Unlock new career opportunities and boost your skills with advanced tech courses designed for IT professionals. Stay ahead in the fast-paced tech world with courses that cover advanced cybersecurity techniques, cloud computing, machine learning, and blockchain development. Whether you want to dive deeper into data science, master network administration, or learn cutting-edge AI skills, our curated selection has you covered.
👩💻 Expert Instructors: Learn from industry leaders and gain real-world experience.
📈 Career Growth: Enhance your resume and open doors to high-demand tech roles.
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Additionally, explore our meander training sessions, designed to help you navigate and integrate various technologies seamlessly. These sessions are perfect for seasoned IT pros looking to advance their careers or tech enthusiasts eager to tackle complex problems.
Join us today and transform your professional skills with our advanced tech courses! 🌟
For more info visit our website: https://www.meander.training/
| meandertraining |
1,864,672 | Essential Docker Commands for Developers | Docker has revolutionized the way we build, ship, and run applications. In this article, we’ll... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:52:00 | https://dev.to/idsulik/essential-docker-commands-for-developers-3i8o | docker, developer, dockercompose | [Docker](https://www.docker.com/) has revolutionized the way we build, ship, and run applications.
In this article, we’ll explore the most useful Docker commands every developer should know.
## 1. Installation and Setup
Before diving into Docker commands, ensure Docker is installed on your machine. You can download Docker Desktop from the official [Docker website](https://www.docker.com/get-started).
## 2. Basic Docker Commands
### `docker run`
Run a Docker container from an image. If the image is not present locally, Docker will pull it from the Docker Hub.
```sh
docker run hello-world
```
### `docker pull`
Download an image from a Docker registry.
```sh
docker pull nginx
```
### `docker ps`
List running Docker containers.
```sh
docker ps
```
To include stopped containers, use:
```sh
docker ps -a
```
### `docker stop`
Stop a running container.
```sh
docker stop <container_id>
```
### `docker rm`
Remove a stopped container.
```sh
docker rm <container_id>
```
### `docker rmi`
Remove an image.
```sh
docker rmi <image_id>
```
## 3. Image Management
### `docker build`
Build an image from a Dockerfile.
```sh
docker build -t myapp .
```
### `docker images`
List all Docker images on your machine.
```sh
docker images
```
### `docker tag`
Tag an image for a specific repository.
```sh
docker tag myapp myrepo/myapp:latest
```
### `docker push`
Push an image to a Docker registry.
```sh
docker push myrepo/myapp:latest
```
## 4. Container Management
### `docker exec`
Run a command in a running container. This is useful for debugging and inspection.
```sh
docker exec -it <container_id> /bin/bash
```
### `docker logs`
View the logs of a container.
```sh
docker logs <container_id>
```
### `docker inspect`
Inspect the details of a container or image.
```sh
docker inspect <container_id>
```
### `docker-compose`
[Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/) is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. Define your services in a `docker-compose.yml` file, and then use the following commands:
#### `docker-compose up`
Start and run your entire application defined in `docker-compose.yml`.
```sh
docker-compose up
```
#### `docker-compose down`
Stop and remove all containers defined in `docker-compose.yml`.
```sh
docker-compose down
```
## 5. Networking and Volumes
### `docker network ls`
List all Docker networks.
```sh
docker network ls
```
### `docker network create`
Create a new Docker network.
```sh
docker network create mynetwork
```
### `docker volume ls`
List all Docker volumes.
```sh
docker volume ls
```
### `docker volume create`
Create a new Docker volume.
```sh
docker volume create myvolume
```
### `docker run` with Networking and Volumes
Run a container with a specific network and volume.
```sh
docker run -d --name mycontainer --network mynetwork -v myvolume:/data myimage
```
## 6. Cleanup Commands
### `docker system prune`
Clean up unused Docker objects (containers, images, networks, and volumes).
```sh
docker system prune
```
### `docker volume prune`
Remove all unused volumes.
```sh
docker volume prune
```
### `docker network prune`
Remove all unused networks.
```sh
docker network prune
``` | idsulik |
1,876,199 | Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment | "Have ready to Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's... | 0 | 2024-06-04T05:51:06 | https://dev.to/brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a/redefining-standards-shenzhen-lihao-machinery-equipment-co-ltds-commitment-2l31 | machinery |
"Have ready to Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment
Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitmentcan be a services which are ongoing causes equipment starting {specific things like|things that are specific} drilling, cutting, plus welding. They truly are exceptional at whatever they are doing given that they need commitment to equipment which are producing are excellent. This {short article which|article that is short} was brief most likely tell you about items that are cool do and exactly why you need to take advantage of their gear.
Advantages of Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment
Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment carries a {complete levels which|levels that are complete} was big of which will make them rise above the crowd. They build products which can be certainly great at just what it shall, and it's completed our them quickly. Their equipment are safer furthermore, {you have them|they are had by you} to make sure you do not need to concern yourself with getting harmed whenever.
Innovation are foundational
Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment or Power Press are brand name which is certainly considering plus better and {improved ways to|ways that are improved} make their equipment. This suggests your shall have the best of the most extremely effective! These are typically exceptional at keeping the most {up-to-date kinds plus|kinds that are up-to-date} ensuring they're at the conclusion which was front the pack. They do not just lead to the {precise equipment which|equipment that is precise} can be exact same is older more do: they push the boundaries creating their devices a lot better than anybody else’s.
Health plus {health and safety|safety and health} first
You could be yes its safer if you buy unit from Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Straightener Commitment. They put an overall {total levels which|levels that are total} are big of into making sure their gear is safer to utilize. This implies you'll feeling confident plus safer when you're using their products.
Using Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment products
UsingRedefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment products is effortless and they are happy to show with it. All you need to do is ask, along with shall guidelines being current exactly how better to utilize unit you've got bought. They wish to make sure you can correctly take advantage of their gear plus efficiently.
Quality gear
Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment Products bring about the gear which can {be best around|around be best}. They ordinarily make use of the most {reliable elements and|elements that are reliable} put a complete levels which are big of into ensuring their equipment are up to clean. In addition they do checks in the products to make sure they've been working properly before they truly are delivered away.
Application
The devices that Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment {creating works extremely|works that are creating} well for the entire levels which are big of. They could drill, cut plus weld many {different things, |things that are different} meaning they are versatile. You could make usage of their products in many forms of industries like metalworking, woodworking, plus fabrication that has been plastic.
In conclusion, Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co. Ltd is a {|combined} group that have their commitment to products which are producing was great. They have a whole levels which was big of, like being revolutionary, safer, plus an {easy task to|task that is easy} use. They {creating quality which|quality that is creating} was high that has been versatile that can be used in many businesses. Then Redefining Standards: Shenzhen Lihao Machinery Equipment Co., Ltd's Commitment will be the {|ongoing} company getting if you're searching for equipment which are top to!
Source: https://www.lihao-machine.com/Straightener | brenda_hernandezg_26bd74a |
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