id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 442
values | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict | label int64 0 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
573142d9e6313a140071cd99 | Tuvalu | While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga... | What did the Tuvalu Prime Minster say was not enough of an immediate threat to cause evacuation of the population? | {
"text": [
"rising sea levels"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} | 1 |
573142d9e6313a140071cd9a | Tuvalu | While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga... | When did Prime Minster Maatia Toafa make his comments about not evacuating Tuvalu? | {
"text": [
"2006"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} | 1 |
573142d9e6313a140071cd9b | Tuvalu | While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga... | What did Enele Sopoaga think evacuation of the people should be? | {
"text": [
"never be an option"
],
"answer_start": [
429
]
} | 1 |
5730af4a069b53140083224b | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What is the Immaculate Conception a representation of the avoidance of ? | {
"text": [
"original sin only"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} | 1 |
5730af4a069b53140083224c | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What was Mary prevented from having to endure ? | {
"text": [
"Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 1 |
5730af4a069b53140083224d | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | Who was believed to have prevented this from occurring to Mary ? | {
"text": [
"privilege granted by Almighty God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain"
],
"answer_start": [
379
]
} | 1 |
5730af4a069b53140083224e | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What was the outcome of preventing Mary from having to endure such an injustice ? | {
"text": [
"Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain of original sin.\""
],
"answer_start": [
439
]
} | 1 |
5730af4a069b53140083224f | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What normally followed the delivery of a child by a woman in Mary time period ? | {
"text": [
"sanctifying grace that would normally come with baptism after birth."
],
"answer_start": [
648
]
} | 1 |
5a2716bbc93d92001a4003cb | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What is one of the things regarded by the dogma of the immaculate conception? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2716bbc93d92001a4003cc | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What did the Catholic Church prevent Mary from having? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2716bbc93d92001a4003cd | Immaculate_Conception | The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the... | What did Mary receive at baptism? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff1 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | Is it believed that Mary carried no transgression which would require blame ? | {
"text": [
"makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | 1 |
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff2 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | How did the Church view Mary in regards to her personal sins ? | {
"text": [
"the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, \"free from all sin, original or personal"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} | 1 |
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff3 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | What important announcement was made by the ecumenical council in regards to the decision on Mary ? | {
"text": [
"let him be anathema.\""
],
"answer_start": [
620
]
} | 1 |
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff4 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | What was the name of the ecumenical council that made the decision ? | {
"text": [
"The Council of Trent"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} | 1 |
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d1 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | What this a definition say Mary was free from? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d2 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | Who says Mary was only free from Original Sin? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d3 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | Who said that all men were capable of avoiding all sins throughout their life? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d4 | Immaculate_Conception | The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man... | Who declared that God did not give Mary a special privilege? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c714 | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | Is the view of the impregnation of Mary's pregnancy the same as the one held for the birth of her first child ? | {
"text": [
"doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | 1 |
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c715 | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | What is the view held at the Vatican regarding how Mary was actually given life into the world ? | {
"text": [
"Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal conception herself but was the daughter of a human father and mother"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} | 1 |
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c716 | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | Who were the parents of Mary believed to be ? | {
"text": [
"Saint Joachim and Saint Anne"
],
"answer_start": [
418
]
} | 1 |
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c717 | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | When were contradictory views to the belief of Mary's parentage struck down ? | {
"text": [
"1677, the Holy See condemned the belief that Mary was virginally conceived,"
],
"answer_start": [
451
]
} | 1 |
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c718 | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | When did these contradictory views start to emerge ? | {
"text": [
"since the 4th century"
],
"answer_start": [
574
]
} | 1 |
5a271862c93d92001a4003d9 | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | What other event is the immaculate conception similar to? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271862c93d92001a4003da | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | Who often makes a distinction between the conception of Jesus in the conception of Mary? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271862c93d92001a4003db | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | Who believes that Mary is a product of a virginal conception? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271862c93d92001a4003dc | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | Who upheld the belief that Mary was virtually conceived in 1677? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271862c93d92001a4003dd | Immaculate_Conception | The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti... | On what date is the virginal conception of Mary celebrated? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730bc432461fd1900a9d021 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | What did Mary supposedly not require that everyone else also required and why was this so ? | {
"text": [
"Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | 1 |
5730bc432461fd1900a9d022 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | What was explained by the man Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti who later became leader of the Holy Roman Church ? | {
"text": [
"dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} | 1 |
5730bc432461fd1900a9d023 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | What is the child of Mary known to be famous for according to Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti ? | {
"text": [
"Jesus Christ, the Savior of the human race."
],
"answer_start": [
368
]
} | 1 |
5730bc432461fd1900a9d024 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | According to the teaching of the Catholic religion is a savior for the world needed ? | {
"text": [
"Catholic Church has taught that even had man never sinned in the Garden of Eden and was sinless, he would still require God's grace to remain sinless."
],
"answer_start": [
607
]
} | 1 |
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e3 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | Why did Mary not need a Savior? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e4 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | Who said that Mary was cleansed after sin? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e5 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | What is referred to as Mary's redemption by Christ? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e6 | Immaculate_Conception | Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting... | Who said that if humans had never sinned they would not need God's grace? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152c | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | What Empire held Grecian teachers of the virginity of Mary's conception ? | {
"text": [
"Greek theologians of Byzantium"
],
"answer_start": [
135
]
} | 1 |
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152d | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | Who gave a reason for the purging of evil for the Blessed Virgin and her first child ? | {
"text": [
"St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the \"purification\" of Jesus and Mary"
],
"answer_start": [
182
]
} | 1 |
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152e | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | What procedure was being performed while he gave his reasoning ? | {
"text": [
"the circumcision"
],
"answer_start": [
264
]
} | 1 |
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152f | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | Who was compelled to write of this instance that was also an author of one of the book of the Bible ? | {
"text": [
"Luke"
],
"answer_start": [
282
]
} | 1 |
5730c36ab7151e1900c01530 | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | What became associated with the celebration of Mary's inception in the womb ? | {
"text": [
"purification was eventually associated with the feast of Mary's very conception"
],
"answer_start": [
1743
]
} | 1 |
5a271a77c93d92001a4003eb | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | To what theologians was the concept of Mary's complete sinlessness unknown? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ec | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | What is a sinless nature cleansed in a moment of grace? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ed | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | Who did not see the human nature of Jesus and Mary as equally holy? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ee | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | When was Jesus presented in a temple? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ef | Immaculate_Conception | Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th... | The commemoration of what was growing around by Byzantium? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730c671aca1c71400fe5a9d | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | What proof do some believe is offered as to proof of Mary being the ultimate concept of pure? | {
"text": [
"include original sin as well as actual. Thus in the first five centuries such epithets as \""
],
"answer_start": [
456
]
} | 1 |
5730c671aca1c71400fe5a9e | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | What phrases were used to describe Mary ? | {
"text": [
"in every respect holy\", \"in all things unstained\", \"super-innocent\", and \"singularly holy\" are applied to her"
],
"answer_start": [
547
]
} | 1 |
5730c671aca1c71400fe5a9f | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | Who is often held as the model for all things holy and pure that is not Mary ? | {
"text": [
"Eve before the fall"
],
"answer_start": [
677
]
} | 1 |
5730c671aca1c71400fe5aa0 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | Who refused to hear any contradictory views about Mary and her perceived inception ? | {
"text": [
"St. Augustine (d. 430) may be cited: \"As regards the mother of God,\" he says, \"I will not allow any question whatever of sin."
],
"answer_start": [
801
]
} | 1 |
5730c671aca1c71400fe5aa1 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | What did this person also state about all of mankind in regards to wayward transgressions ? | {
"text": [
"his argument is that all men are sinners;"
],
"answer_start": [
1004
]
} | 1 |
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f5 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | What was explicitly mooted before the twelfth century? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f6 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | What can be proved from Scripture? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f7 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | Whose teachings on the sinlessness of Mary only include Original Sin | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f8 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | What terms were only applied to Mary after the fifth century? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f9 | Immaculate_Conception | It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ... | Who is not sure that Mary had sufficient grace to overcome sin? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01536 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | Where did the majority of the concepts of Mary's birth show themselves the most ? | {
"text": [
"Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
} | 1 |
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01537 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | What Byzantine Ruler ho ruled from from 527 to 565 was also a well trained thinker of concepts ? | {
"text": [
"Emperor Justinian I,"
],
"answer_start": [
305
]
} | 1 |
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01538 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | In what way did this Ruler refer to Mary in his writings ? | {
"text": [
"to call Mary \"prepurified\""
],
"answer_start": [
342
]
} | 1 |
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01539 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | What event happened to Theotokos that was of significant religious note ? | {
"text": [
"she was \"purified\" at the Annunciation"
],
"answer_start": [
605
]
} | 1 |
5730ca8fb7151e1900c0153a | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | How did some view the the person whose name includes a Christian rite of passage from the Bible? | {
"text": [
"holier than all 'Men' born of woman"
],
"answer_start": [
707
]
} | 1 |
5a27289cc93d92001a4003ff | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | What doctrine appeared first among the Latin theologies? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27289cc93d92001a400400 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | Whose teachings did Emperor Justinian I augment? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27289cc93d92001a400401 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | Who says that Mary was not immaculate at the Annunciation? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27289cc93d92001a400402 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | Who said that Mary had the honor of being the first to purify the waters of baptism by touching them? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27289cc93d92001a400403 | Immaculate_Conception | Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini... | What uses Mary's absolute holiness is a key for understanding her pre-purification? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453c | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | What was widely observed in the eastern portion of the Byzantine world ? | {
"text": [
"the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} | 1 |
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453d | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | What was the name of this festival ? | {
"text": [
"under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 1 |
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453e | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | Was there anything in similarity that happened in the Western portion of the Empire ? If so who was it supported by? | {
"text": [
"In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans"
],
"answer_start": [
138
]
} | 1 |
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453f | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | Who was against all of the celebrations of Mary 's her birth ? | {
"text": [
"Critics included Saints Bernard of Clairvaux, Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas."
],
"answer_start": [
539
]
} | 1 |
5730e84cf6cb411900e24540 | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | According to some when is is possible for a Sanctified Mary to have emerged ? | {
"text": [
"out that sanctification could be conferred at the first moment of conception in view of the foreseen merits of Christ, a view held especially by Franciscans."
],
"answer_start": [
697
]
} | 1 |
5a272fdbc93d92001a400409 | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | What was widely celebrated in the West by 750? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040a | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | What group in the West was the conception of St. Anne associated with | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040b | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | What did Thomas Aquinas support attaching to the title conception of Mary? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040c | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | When did the Eastern church start to celebrate the conception of Mary? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040d | Immaculate_Conception | By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too... | What is St. Albertus Magnus say could be conferred at the moment of conception? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d0 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What happened on the final day of the month of love that was of significance was authorized by the Holy Roman Church leader ? | {
"text": [
"authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | 1 |
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d1 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | Who was the Holy Roman Church leader that authorized the change ? | {
"text": [
"Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
} | 1 |
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d2 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What document made the authorization official ? | {
"text": [
"with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} | 1 |
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d3 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What word substitution did he use in the authorization to appease all of the worshipers and view points when speaking of the inception of Mary ? | {
"text": [
"but applied instead the adjective \"miraculous\" to her conception."
],
"answer_start": [
555
]
} | 1 |
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d4 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What was the opposite of a sinner who committed a venial type? It would be the most grave type of all . | {
"text": [
"mortally sinful"
],
"answer_start": [
763
]
} | 1 |
5a27329fc93d92001a400413 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | Which Pope authorized dioceses to introduce the feast in the fourteenth century? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27329fc93d92001a400414 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What was introduced to the Roman diocese in 1476? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27329fc93d92001a400415 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What Pope in 1477 included the word immaculate in the name of the feast | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27329fc93d92001a400416 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | Who said it was sinful and heretical to say that the glorious and immaculate mother of God was conceived without the stain of original sin? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a27329fc93d92001a400417 | Immaculate_Conception | On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co... | What term was applied to Mary's conception in 1483? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730ed13497a881900248a5d | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | What did a teacher of religion from the college that was named after a Dominican friar do in 1839 of historical note ? | {
"text": [
"published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 1 |
5730ed13497a881900248a5e | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | Who was the teacher who committed the act ? | {
"text": [
"Mariano Spada"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} | 1 |
5730ed13497a881900248a5f | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | What position was the teacher later given by the Holy Roman Church ? | {
"text": [
"appoint Spada Master of the Sacred Palace in 1867"
],
"answer_start": [
790
]
} | 1 |
5730ed13497a881900248a60 | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | Who gave the teacher the new job ? | {
"text": [
"Pope Pius IX"
],
"answer_start": [
765
]
} | 1 |
5730ed13497a881900248a61 | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | What problem did the teacher's publication solve for the Holy Roman leader with act that was committed to do in response to the actions of the teacher ? | {
"text": [
"Pius IX was relieved of the problem of seeming to foster a doctrine not in agreement with the Aquinas' teaching."
],
"answer_start": [
652
]
} | 1 |
5a2733a3c93d92001a40041d | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | What did Mariano Spada publish in 1872? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2733a3c93d92001a40041e | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | Who asserted that Aquinas was referring to the question of the immaculate conception? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2733a3c93d92001a40041f | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | What work asserted a problem between a doctrine of Pius IX and the teachings of Aquinas? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5a2733a3c93d92001a400420 | Immaculate_Conception | In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A... | Who appointed Spada master of the sacred palace in the eighteenth century? | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} | 0 |
5730ef4105b4da19006bcc60 | Immaculate_Conception | It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit... | Who began to query the position of the conception of Mary following the 11th century ? | {
"text": [
"St Bernard of Clairvaux"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} | 1 |
5730ef4205b4da19006bcc61 | Immaculate_Conception | It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit... | Who did the query starter lay blame upon for the festivals that surrounded Mary's inception ? | {
"text": [
"St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See."
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} | 1 |
5730ef4205b4da19006bcc62 | Immaculate_Conception | It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit... | What did the query starter believe to be the ultimate difficulty in accepting the a virgin conception of Mary ? | {
"text": [
"How can there be absence of sin where there is concupiscence (libido)?"
],
"answer_start": [
762
]
} | 1 |
5730ef4205b4da19006bcc63 | Immaculate_Conception | It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit... | What did the query starter believe had been done by Mary's direct maternal line that contradict the conception theory of immaculate for Mary ? | {
"text": [
"conception in the active sense of the mother's cooperation"
],
"answer_start": [
672
]
} | 1 |
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