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573142d9e6313a140071cd99
Tuvalu
While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga...
What did the Tuvalu Prime Minster say was not enough of an immediate threat to cause evacuation of the population?
{ "text": [ "rising sea levels" ], "answer_start": [ 209 ] }
1
573142d9e6313a140071cd9a
Tuvalu
While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga...
When did Prime Minster Maatia Toafa make his comments about not evacuating Tuvalu?
{ "text": [ "2006" ], "answer_start": [ 124 ] }
1
573142d9e6313a140071cd9b
Tuvalu
While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga...
What did Enele Sopoaga think evacuation of the people should be?
{ "text": [ "never be an option" ], "answer_start": [ 429 ] }
1
5730af4a069b53140083224b
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What is the Immaculate Conception a representation of the avoidance of ?
{ "text": [ "original sin only" ], "answer_start": [ 55 ] }
1
5730af4a069b53140083224c
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What was Mary prevented from having to endure ?
{ "text": [ "Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes" ], "answer_start": [ 86 ] }
1
5730af4a069b53140083224d
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
Who was believed to have prevented this from occurring to Mary ?
{ "text": [ "privilege granted by Almighty God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain" ], "answer_start": [ 379 ] }
1
5730af4a069b53140083224e
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What was the outcome of preventing Mary from having to endure such an injustice ?
{ "text": [ "Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain of original sin.\"" ], "answer_start": [ 439 ] }
1
5730af4a069b53140083224f
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What normally followed the delivery of a child by a woman in Mary time period ?
{ "text": [ "sanctifying grace that would normally come with baptism after birth." ], "answer_start": [ 648 ] }
1
5a2716bbc93d92001a4003cb
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What is one of the things regarded by the dogma of the immaculate conception?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2716bbc93d92001a4003cc
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What did the Catholic Church prevent Mary from having?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2716bbc93d92001a4003cd
Immaculate_Conception
The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the...
What did Mary receive at baptism?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff1
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
Is it believed that Mary carried no transgression which would require blame ?
{ "text": [ "makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin" ], "answer_start": [ 15 ] }
1
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff2
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
How did the Church view Mary in regards to her personal sins ?
{ "text": [ "the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, \"free from all sin, original or personal" ], "answer_start": [ 160 ] }
1
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff3
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
What important announcement was made by the ecumenical council in regards to the decision on Mary ?
{ "text": [ "let him be anathema.\"" ], "answer_start": [ 620 ] }
1
5730b8da2461fd1900a9cff4
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
What was the name of the ecumenical council that made the decision ?
{ "text": [ "The Council of Trent" ], "answer_start": [ 259 ] }
1
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d1
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
What this a definition say Mary was free from?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d2
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
Who says Mary was only free from Original Sin?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d3
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
Who said that all men were capable of avoiding all sins throughout their life?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2717adc93d92001a4003d4
Immaculate_Conception
The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man...
Who declared that God did not give Mary a special privilege?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c714
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
Is the view of the impregnation of Mary's pregnancy the same as the one held for the birth of her first child ?
{ "text": [ "doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
1
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c715
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
What is the view held at the Vatican regarding how Mary was actually given life into the world ?
{ "text": [ "Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal conception herself but was the daughter of a human father and mother" ], "answer_start": [ 250 ] }
1
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c716
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
Who were the parents of Mary believed to be ?
{ "text": [ "Saint Joachim and Saint Anne" ], "answer_start": [ 418 ] }
1
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c717
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
When were contradictory views to the belief of Mary's parentage struck down ?
{ "text": [ "1677, the Holy See condemned the belief that Mary was virginally conceived," ], "answer_start": [ 451 ] }
1
5730ba5c8ab72b1400f9c718
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
When did these contradictory views start to emerge ?
{ "text": [ "since the 4th century" ], "answer_start": [ 574 ] }
1
5a271862c93d92001a4003d9
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
What other event is the immaculate conception similar to?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271862c93d92001a4003da
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
Who often makes a distinction between the conception of Jesus in the conception of Mary?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271862c93d92001a4003db
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
Who believes that Mary is a product of a virginal conception?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271862c93d92001a4003dc
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
Who upheld the belief that Mary was virtually conceived in 1677?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271862c93d92001a4003dd
Immaculate_Conception
The doctrine of the immaculate conception (Mary being conceived free from original sin) is not to be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal concepti...
On what date is the virginal conception of Mary celebrated?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730bc432461fd1900a9d021
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
What did Mary supposedly not require that everyone else also required and why was this so ?
{ "text": [ "Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
1
5730bc432461fd1900a9d022
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
What was explained by the man Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti who later became leader of the Holy Roman Church ?
{ "text": [ "dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime" ], "answer_start": [ 111 ] }
1
5730bc432461fd1900a9d023
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
What is the child of Mary known to be famous for according to Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti ?
{ "text": [ "Jesus Christ, the Savior of the human race." ], "answer_start": [ 368 ] }
1
5730bc432461fd1900a9d024
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
According to the teaching of the Catholic religion is a savior for the world needed ?
{ "text": [ "Catholic Church has taught that even had man never sinned in the Garden of Eden and was sinless, he would still require God's grace to remain sinless." ], "answer_start": [ 607 ] }
1
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e3
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
Why did Mary not need a Savior?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e4
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
Who said that Mary was cleansed after sin?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e5
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
What is referred to as Mary's redemption by Christ?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2718fec93d92001a4003e6
Immaculate_Conception
Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
Who said that if humans had never sinned they would not need God's grace?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152c
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
What Empire held Grecian teachers of the virginity of Mary's conception ?
{ "text": [ "Greek theologians of Byzantium" ], "answer_start": [ 135 ] }
1
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152d
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
Who gave a reason for the purging of evil for the Blessed Virgin and her first child ?
{ "text": [ "St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the \"purification\" of Jesus and Mary" ], "answer_start": [ 182 ] }
1
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152e
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
What procedure was being performed while he gave his reasoning ?
{ "text": [ "the circumcision" ], "answer_start": [ 264 ] }
1
5730c36ab7151e1900c0152f
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
Who was compelled to write of this instance that was also an author of one of the book of the Bible ?
{ "text": [ "Luke" ], "answer_start": [ 282 ] }
1
5730c36ab7151e1900c01530
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
What became associated with the celebration of Mary's inception in the womb ?
{ "text": [ "purification was eventually associated with the feast of Mary's very conception" ], "answer_start": [ 1743 ] }
1
5a271a77c93d92001a4003eb
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
To what theologians was the concept of Mary's complete sinlessness unknown?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ec
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
What is a sinless nature cleansed in a moment of grace?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ed
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
Who did not see the human nature of Jesus and Mary as equally holy?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ee
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
When was Jesus presented in a temple?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271a77c93d92001a4003ef
Immaculate_Conception
Mary's complete sinlessness and concomitant exemption from any taint from the first moment of her existence was a doctrine familiar to Greek theologians of Byzantium. Beginning with St. Gregory Nazianzen, his explanation of the "purification" of Jesus and Mary at the circumcision (Luke 2:22) prompted him to consider th...
The commemoration of what was growing around by Byzantium?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730c671aca1c71400fe5a9d
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
What proof do some believe is offered as to proof of Mary being the ultimate concept of pure?
{ "text": [ "include original sin as well as actual. Thus in the first five centuries such epithets as \"" ], "answer_start": [ 456 ] }
1
5730c671aca1c71400fe5a9e
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
What phrases were used to describe Mary ?
{ "text": [ "in every respect holy\", \"in all things unstained\", \"super-innocent\", and \"singularly holy\" are applied to her" ], "answer_start": [ 547 ] }
1
5730c671aca1c71400fe5a9f
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
Who is often held as the model for all things holy and pure that is not Mary ?
{ "text": [ "Eve before the fall" ], "answer_start": [ 677 ] }
1
5730c671aca1c71400fe5aa0
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
Who refused to hear any contradictory views about Mary and her perceived inception ?
{ "text": [ "St. Augustine (d. 430) may be cited: \"As regards the mother of God,\" he says, \"I will not allow any question whatever of sin." ], "answer_start": [ 801 ] }
1
5730c671aca1c71400fe5aa1
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
What did this person also state about all of mankind in regards to wayward transgressions ?
{ "text": [ "his argument is that all men are sinners;" ], "answer_start": [ 1004 ] }
1
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f5
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
What was explicitly mooted before the twelfth century?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f6
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
What can be proved from Scripture?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f7
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
Whose teachings on the sinlessness of Mary only include Original Sin
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f8
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
What terms were only applied to Mary after the fifth century?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a271b60c93d92001a4003f9
Immaculate_Conception
It is admitted that the doctrine as defined by Pius IX was not explicitly mooted before the 12th century. It is also agreed that "no direct or categorical and stringent proof of the dogma can be brought forward from Scripture". But it is claimed that the doctrine is implicitly contained in the teaching of the Fathers. ...
Who is not sure that Mary had sufficient grace to overcome sin?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01536
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
Where did the majority of the concepts of Mary's birth show themselves the most ?
{ "text": [ "Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians" ], "answer_start": [ 25 ] }
1
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01537
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
What Byzantine Ruler ho ruled from from 527 to 565 was also a well trained thinker of concepts ?
{ "text": [ "Emperor Justinian I," ], "answer_start": [ 305 ] }
1
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01538
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
In what way did this Ruler refer to Mary in his writings ?
{ "text": [ "to call Mary \"prepurified\"" ], "answer_start": [ 342 ] }
1
5730ca8fb7151e1900c01539
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
What event happened to Theotokos that was of significant religious note ?
{ "text": [ "she was \"purified\" at the Annunciation" ], "answer_start": [ 605 ] }
1
5730ca8fb7151e1900c0153a
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
How did some view the the person whose name includes a Christian rite of passage from the Bible?
{ "text": [ "holier than all 'Men' born of woman" ], "answer_start": [ 707 ] }
1
5a27289cc93d92001a4003ff
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
What doctrine appeared first among the Latin theologies?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27289cc93d92001a400400
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
Whose teachings did Emperor Justinian I augment?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27289cc93d92001a400401
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
Who says that Mary was not immaculate at the Annunciation?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27289cc93d92001a400402
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
Who said that Mary had the honor of being the first to purify the waters of baptism by touching them?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27289cc93d92001a400403
Immaculate_Conception
Although the doctrine of Mary's Immaculate Conception appears only later among Latin (and particularly Frankish) theologians, it became ever more manifest among Byzantine theologians reliant on Gregory Nazianzen's Mariology in the Medieval or Byzantine East. Although hymnographers and scholars, like the Emperor Justini...
What uses Mary's absolute holiness is a key for understanding her pre-purification?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453c
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
What was widely observed in the eastern portion of the Byzantine world ?
{ "text": [ "the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East" ], "answer_start": [ 8 ] }
1
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453d
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
What was the name of this festival ?
{ "text": [ "under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne" ], "answer_start": [ 81 ] }
1
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453e
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
Was there anything in similarity that happened in the Western portion of the Empire ? If so who was it supported by?
{ "text": [ "In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans" ], "answer_start": [ 138 ] }
1
5730e84cf6cb411900e2453f
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
Who was against all of the celebrations of Mary 's her birth ?
{ "text": [ "Critics included Saints Bernard of Clairvaux, Albertus Magnus and Thomas Aquinas." ], "answer_start": [ 539 ] }
1
5730e84cf6cb411900e24540
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
According to some when is is possible for a Sanctified Mary to have emerged ?
{ "text": [ "out that sanctification could be conferred at the first moment of conception in view of the foreseen merits of Christ, a view held especially by Franciscans." ], "answer_start": [ 697 ] }
1
5a272fdbc93d92001a400409
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
What was widely celebrated in the West by 750?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040a
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
What group in the West was the conception of St. Anne associated with
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040b
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
What did Thomas Aquinas support attaching to the title conception of Mary?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040c
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
When did the Eastern church start to celebrate the conception of Mary?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a272fdbc93d92001a40040d
Immaculate_Conception
By 750, the feast of her conception was widely celebrated in the Byzantine East, under the name of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. In the West it was known as the feast of the Conception (passive) of Mary, and was associated particularly with the Normans, whether these introduced it directly from the East or too...
What is St. Albertus Magnus say could be conferred at the moment of conception?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d0
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What happened on the final day of the month of love that was of significance was authorized by the Holy Roman Church leader ?
{ "text": [ "authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }
1
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d1
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
Who was the Holy Roman Church leader that authorized the change ?
{ "text": [ "Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses" ], "answer_start": [ 21 ] }
1
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d2
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What document made the authorization official ?
{ "text": [ "with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
1
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d3
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What word substitution did he use in the authorization to appease all of the worshipers and view points when speaking of the inception of Mary ?
{ "text": [ "but applied instead the adjective \"miraculous\" to her conception." ], "answer_start": [ 555 ] }
1
5730eac6b7151e1900c015d4
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What was the opposite of a sinner who committed a venial type? It would be the most grave type of all .
{ "text": [ "mortally sinful" ], "answer_start": [ 763 ] }
1
5a27329fc93d92001a400413
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
Which Pope authorized dioceses to introduce the feast in the fourteenth century?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27329fc93d92001a400414
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What was introduced to the Roman diocese in 1476?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27329fc93d92001a400415
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What Pope in 1477 included the word immaculate in the name of the feast
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27329fc93d92001a400416
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
Who said it was sinful and heretical to say that the glorious and immaculate mother of God was conceived without the stain of original sin?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a27329fc93d92001a400417
Immaculate_Conception
On 28 February 1476, Pope Sixtus IV, authorized those dioceses that wished to introduce the feast to do so, and introduced it to his own diocese of Rome in 1477, with a specially composed Mass and Office of the feast. With his bull Cum praeexcelsa of 28 February 1477, in which he referred to the feast as that of the Co...
What term was applied to Mary's conception in 1483?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730ed13497a881900248a5d
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
What did a teacher of religion from the college that was named after a Dominican friar do in 1839 of historical note ?
{ "text": [ "published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria" ], "answer_start": [ 97 ] }
1
5730ed13497a881900248a5e
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
Who was the teacher who committed the act ?
{ "text": [ "Mariano Spada" ], "answer_start": [ 8 ] }
1
5730ed13497a881900248a5f
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
What position was the teacher later given by the Holy Roman Church ?
{ "text": [ "appoint Spada Master of the Sacred Palace in 1867" ], "answer_start": [ 790 ] }
1
5730ed13497a881900248a60
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
Who gave the teacher the new job ?
{ "text": [ "Pope Pius IX" ], "answer_start": [ 765 ] }
1
5730ed13497a881900248a61
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
What problem did the teacher's publication solve for the Holy Roman leader with act that was committed to do in response to the actions of the teacher ?
{ "text": [ "Pius IX was relieved of the problem of seeming to foster a doctrine not in agreement with the Aquinas' teaching." ], "answer_start": [ 652 ] }
1
5a2733a3c93d92001a40041d
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
What did Mariano Spada publish in 1872?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2733a3c93d92001a40041e
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
Who asserted that Aquinas was referring to the question of the immaculate conception?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2733a3c93d92001a40041f
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
What work asserted a problem between a doctrine of Pius IX and the teachings of Aquinas?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5a2733a3c93d92001a400420
Immaculate_Conception
In 1839 Mariano Spada (1796 - 1872), professor of theology at the Roman College of Saint Thomas, published Esame Critico sulla dottrina dell’ Angelico Dottore S. Tommaso di Aquino circa il Peccato originale, relativamente alla Beatissima Vergine Maria [A critical examination of the doctrine of St. Thomas Aquinas, the A...
Who appointed Spada master of the sacred palace in the eighteenth century?
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
0
5730ef4105b4da19006bcc60
Immaculate_Conception
It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit...
Who began to query the position of the conception of Mary following the 11th century ?
{ "text": [ "St Bernard of Clairvaux" ], "answer_start": [ 22 ] }
1
5730ef4205b4da19006bcc61
Immaculate_Conception
It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit...
Who did the query starter lay blame upon for the festivals that surrounded Mary's inception ?
{ "text": [ "St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instituting such a festival without the permission of the Holy See." ], "answer_start": [ 246 ] }
1
5730ef4205b4da19006bcc62
Immaculate_Conception
It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit...
What did the query starter believe to be the ultimate difficulty in accepting the a virgin conception of Mary ?
{ "text": [ "How can there be absence of sin where there is concupiscence (libido)?" ], "answer_start": [ 762 ] }
1
5730ef4205b4da19006bcc63
Immaculate_Conception
It seems to have been St Bernard of Clairvaux who, in the 12th century, explicitly raised the question of the Immaculate Conception. A feast of the Conception of the Blessed Virgin had already begun to be celebrated in some churches of the West. St Bernard blames the canons of the metropolitan church of Lyon for instit...
What did the query starter believe had been done by Mary's direct maternal line that contradict the conception theory of immaculate for Mary ?
{ "text": [ "conception in the active sense of the mother's cooperation" ], "answer_start": [ 672 ] }
1