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### Instruction:
Does inhibition of CYP4A reduce hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and features of diabetes in mice?
### Response:
| CYP4A proteins are up-regulated in livers of mice with genetically induced and diet-induced diabetes. Inhibition of CYP4A in mice reduces hepatic ER stress, apoptosis, insulin resistance, and steatosis. Strategies to reduce levels or activity of CYP4A proteins in liver might be developed for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Are levels of cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein oligomers increased in Parkinson 's disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies compared to Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| The levels of α-synuclein oligomers were increased in the CSF from α-synucleinopathy patients with dementia compared with AD cases. |
### Instruction:
Is autophagy induction a survival response against oxidative stress in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that autophagy is critical for the survival of BMSCs under oxidative conditions. Importantly, we also suggest that the early induction of autophagic flux is possibly a self-defensive mechanism common in oxidant-tolerant cells. |
### Instruction:
Are mismatch and lexical retrieval gestures associated with visual information processing , verbal production , and symptomatology in youth at high risk for psychosis?
### Response:
| Taken together these findings indicate that gesture abnormalities are present in individuals at high risk for psychosis. While mismatch gestures may be closely related to disease processes, retrieval gestures may be employed as a compensatory mechanism. |
### Instruction:
Are familial psychological factors associated with encopresis?
### Response:
| Family functioning may be screened in children with encopresis, especially when standard interventions have had limited success. Identification and treatment of familial factors may enhance the treatment efficacy in encopresis. |
### Instruction:
Does reliable reconstruction of HIV-1 whole genome haplotypes reveal clonal interference and genetic hitchhiking among immune escape variants?
### Response:
| Phylogenetic analysis shows that the HIV-1 population undergoes selection driven evolution, with successive replacement of the viral population by novel dominant strains. We demonstrate that immune escape mutants evolve in a dependent manner with various mutations hitchhiking along with others. As a consequence of this clonal interference, selection coefficients have to be estimated for complete haplotypes and not for individual immune escapes. |
### Instruction:
Does homozygous loss-of-function mutation in ALMS1 cause the lethal disorder mitogenic cardiomyopathy in two siblings?
### Response:
| Alström syndrome is characterized by a typically transient dilating cardiomyopathy in infancy, suggesting that mitogenic cardiomyopathy represents the extreme phenotype, resulting in demise before the other clinical symptoms become evident. This observation further illustrates the role of ALMS1 and cell cycle regulation. |
### Instruction:
Do mutLα heterodimers modify the molecular phenotype of Friedreich ataxia?
### Response:
| Both MutLα components, PMS2 and MLH1, have now been shown to modify the molecular phenotype of FRDA. We propose that upregulation of MLH1 or PMS2 could be potential FRDA therapeutic approaches to increase FXN transcription. |
### Instruction:
Does claudin-1 overexpression in intestinal epithelial cells enhance susceptibility to adenamatous polyposis coli-mediated colon tumorigenesis?
### Response:
| Taken together, these results confirm the role of claudin-1 as a promoter of colon tumorigenesis and further identify the role of the dysregulated antigen-tumor interaction and inflammation in claudin-1-dependent upregulation of colon tumorigenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin protect renal tubular epithelial cells in hypoxia-reperfusion by reducing apoptosis?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that NGAL reduces apoptosis by regulating the four apoptosis factors Bcl-2, Bax, Fas and FasL through its two receptors 24p3R and megalin. These results also suggest that ectopic expression of NGAL in renal cells might provide a therapeutic strategy in ischemia-reperfusion by reducing apoptosis and promoting renal cell proliferation. |
### Instruction:
Does exome sequencing identify a CHKB mutation in Spanish patient with megaconial congenital muscular dystrophy and mtDNA depletion?
### Response:
| Our data confirm the role of CHKB in MDCMC and point to this gene as unique candidate for the combined deficiency of respiratory chain and mtDNA depletion observed in this patient. |
### Instruction:
Does lack of blinding of outcome assessors in animal model experiments imply risk of observer bias?
### Response:
| Lack of blinding of outcome assessors in animal model experiments with subjective outcomes implies a considerable risk of observer bias. |
### Instruction:
Does evaluation of a predictive model for pancreatic fistula based on amylase value in drain after pancreatic resection?
### Response:
| AVD-based model for predicting PF after pancreatic resection is an accurate tool, although AVD cutoffs should be evaluated for each type of operation. |
### Instruction:
Are decidual polyps associated with preterm delivery in cases of attempted uterine cervical polypectomy during the first and second trimester?
### Response:
| The risk of abortion and preterm delivery associated with polypectomy during pregnancy is greater in patients with decidual polyps. It might be safer not to remove cervical polyps during pregnancy, except in cases in which the polyps are suspected to be malignant. |
### Instruction:
Do investigation into the applicability and optimization of the Dutch matrix sentence test for use with cochlear implant users?
### Response:
| The results of the study suggest that the homogeneity of the sentences is not the prime component underlying the test-retest reliability. The Dutch matrix speech material and the selected subsets of sentences were equally suitable for speech intelligibility testing in CI users. |
### Instruction:
Are low serum vitamin D levels associated with severe histological features and poor response to therapy in patients with autoimmune hepatitis?
### Response:
| Low 25(OH)D levels are associated with advance fibrosis and severe inflammation in AIH. Our study suggests that vitamin D may be a potential biomarker that predicts response to therapy and histological features in AIH. |
### Instruction:
Are restrictive blood transfusion practices associated with improved patient outcomes?
### Response:
| Improved blood utilization is associated with improved clinical patient outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Is claudin-2 downregulation by KSHV infection involved in the regulation of endothelial barrier function?
### Response:
| Claudin-2 expression is decreased in KS tumors from patients co-infected with KSHV and HIV. Decreased claudin-2 enhances endothelial barrier function and may play a role in the prolonged survival of patients with KSHV and HIV co-infection. |
### Instruction:
Does helium preconditioning protect mouse liver against ischemia and reperfusion injury through the PI3K/Akt pathway?
### Response:
| HPC may be a promising strategy leading to a decrease in I/R induced liver injury in clinical settings. Additionally, the PI3K/Akt pathway plays an essential role in the protective effects of HPC in hepatic I/R injury. |
### Instruction:
Does increased osteoprotegerin predict poor virological outcome during anticytomegalovirus therapy in solid organ transplant recipients?
### Response:
| Our finding indicates that elevated osteoprotegerin levels in solid organ transplant recipients with CMV infection may reflect vascular inflammation and is associated with late virological outcome in these patients. |
### Instruction:
Do adipose tissue-derived stem cells suppress acute cellular rejection by TSG-6 and CD44 interaction in rat kidney transplantation?
### Response:
| Our findings clearly showed that ADSCs attenuated acute rejection by secreting TSG-6 as well as through direct cell interaction. These findings contribute to the clinical application of these cells in solid organ transplantation. |
### Instruction:
Does cryptogenic subtype predict reduced survival among cancer patients with ischemic stroke?
### Response:
| Cryptogenic stroke is independently associated with reduced survival in patients with active cancer and ischemic stroke. |
### Instruction:
Do lower rates of EMR use in rural hospitals represent a previously unexplored child health disparity?
### Response:
| Children hospitalized in a rural hospital are less than half as likely to be treated using advanced-stage EMRs. A focus of government and hospital policies to expand the use of EMRs among rural hospitals may reduce this child health care disparity. |
### Instruction:
Does out-of-hours exercise treadmill testing reduce length of hospital stay for chest pain admissions?
### Response:
| The availability of out-of-hours ETT facilitates safe early discharge and reduced LOS for low-to-moderate-risk patients admitted with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Are acute ischemic events frequent after primary coronary stenting?
### Response:
| The present study shows that acute ischemic events are frequent after primary PCI and occur earlier compared with elective PCI. Particular attention should be directed towards optimal stent selection and implantation technique. |
### Instruction:
Does whole-genome sequencing reveal novel insights into sulfur oxidation in the extremophile Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans?
### Response:
| Sulfur oxidation model of A. thiooxidans A01 has been constructed based on previous studies from other sulfur oxidizing strains and its genome sequence analyses, providing insights into our understanding of its physiology and further analysis of potential functions of key sulfur oxidation genes. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide DNA methylation study identify significant epigenomic changes in osteoarthritic cartilage?
### Response:
| Our data implicate epigenetic dysregulation of a host of genes and pathways in OA, including a number of OA susceptibility genes. Furthermore, we identified correlations between CpG methylation and histologic severity in OA. |
### Instruction:
Is patient perception of treatment burden high in celiac disease compared with other common conditions?
### Response:
| Participants with CD have high treatment burden but also excellent overall health status in comparison with other chronic medical conditions. The significant burden of dietary therapy for CD argues for the need for safe adjuvant treatment, as well as interventions designed to lower the perceived burden of the GFD. |
### Instruction:
Does a large French case-control study emphasize the role of rare Mc1R variants in melanoma risk?
### Response:
| This work confirms the role of R and r alleles in melanoma risk in the French population and proposes a novel class of rare D variants as important melanoma risk factors. These findings may improve the definition of high-risk subjects that could be targeted for melanoma prevention and screening. |
### Instruction:
Is exposure to Varicella Zoster Virus higher in children with autism spectrum disorder than in healthy controls . Results from a case-control study?
### Response:
| In the present case-control study, exposure to VZV was found to be independently associated with ASD. |
### Instruction:
Is chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and without nasal polyps associated with increased expression of lysophosphatidic acid-related molecules?
### Response:
| LPA in human sinus mucosa may play important roles in the pathogenesis of CRS, contributing to produce CRS-related cytokines. LPA-related molecules were increased in CRS, which may attribute to CRS-related cytokines. |
### Instruction:
Is in the ( sub ) tropics allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma classification of allergic rhinitis more useful than perennial-seasonal classification?
### Response:
| In a (sub)tropical country the SAR-PAR classification seems of limited value and bears poor relation with the INT-PER classification. INT is more frequent in the tropical zone. Because PER has been shown to relate to AR severity, clinical trials should select patients based on INT-PER combined with the severity cataloging because these make for a better treatment guide than SAR-PAR. |
### Instruction:
Is the 80-kb DNA duplication on BTA1 the only remaining candidate mutation for the polled phenotype of Friesian origin?
### Response:
| We conclude that the 80-kb duplication, as the only remaining variant within the shortened Friesian haplotype, represents the most likely causal mutation for the polled phenotype of Friesian origin. |
### Instruction:
Does hMGB1-mediated autophagy promote docetaxel resistance in human lung adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrated that HMGB1-regulated autophagy is a significant contributor to docetaxel resistance in LAD cells. Suppression of HMGB1 or limiting HMGB1 cytosolic translocation diminished autophagic protection in response to docetaxel in LAD cells. |
### Instruction:
Is calcinosis in juvenile dermatomyositis influenced by both anti-NXP2 autoantibody status and age at disease onset?
### Response:
| Children diagnosed at a young age have a high risk of calcinosis regardless of autoantibody status. However, the presence of anti-NXP2 autoantibodies substantially increases the risk of calcinosis across all ages and is associated with disease severity. |
### Instruction:
Is high waist circumference associated with elevated blood pressure in non-Hispanic White but not Hispanic children in a cohort of pre-adolescent children?
### Response:
| Potential racial/ethnic differences in the association between high WC and elevated blood pressure may impact identification of children at risk for elevated blood pressure, especially among Hispanics. |
### Instruction:
Does joint assembly and genetic mapping of the Atlantic horseshoe crab genome reveal ancient whole genome duplication?
### Response:
| Comparison with other metazoan genomes shows that the L. polyphemus genome preserves ancestral bilaterian linkage groups, and that a common ancestor of modern horseshoe crabs underwent one or more ancient whole genome duplications 300 million years ago, followed by extensive chromosome fusion. These results provide a counter-example to the often noted correlation between whole genome duplication and evolutionary radiations. The new, low-cost genetic mapping method for obtaining a chromosome-scale view of non-model organism genomes that we demonstrate here does not require laboratory culture, and is potentially applicable to a broad range of other species. |
### Instruction:
Are early-life factors associated with nocturnal cortisol and glucose effectiveness in Afro-Caribbean young adults?
### Response:
| Gestational age is associated with higher nocturnal cortisol, which in turn is associated with lower glucose effectiveness in adulthood. Higher glucose effectiveness could therefore be a compensatory mechanism to improve glucose uptake. |
### Instruction:
Are genomic responses during acute human anaphylaxis characterized by upregulation of innate inflammatory gene networks?
### Response:
| PBL genomic responses during human anaphylaxis are characterized by dynamic expression of innate inflammatory modules. Upregulation of these modules was observed in patients with different reaction triggers. Our findings indicate a role for innate immune pathways in the pathogenesis of human anaphylaxis, and the hub genes identified in this study represent logical candidates for follow-up studies. |
### Instruction:
Is unilateral cervical nodal metastasis an independent prognostic factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy : a retrospective study?
### Response:
| Compared to other distant metastases, unilateral CLNM is associated with longer OS in esophageal SCC and should be regarded as a regional disease. Sex, T stage, concurrent chemotherapy modality and cervical lymph node involvement are independent predictors of survival in esophageal SCC. |
### Instruction:
Does opioid receptors blockade modulate apoptosis in a rat model of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| Apoptosis occurs during cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and endogenous opioid receptors blockade using naltrexone decreases its amount, but cardiac function may not be improved. |
### Instruction:
Does p53MVA therapy in patients with refractory gastrointestinal malignancies elevate p53-specific CD8+ T-cell responses?
### Response:
| p53MVA was well tolerated and induced robust CD8+ T-cell responses. Combination of p53MVA with immune checkpoint inhibition could help sustain immune responses and lead to enhanced clinical benefit. |
### Instruction:
Does femoroacetabular impingement negate the acetabular labral seal during pivoting maneuvers but not gait?
### Response:
| The acetabular seal, quantified by the maximum intraarticular pressure, was reduced during pivoting; however, the seal was maintained during simulated gait and stooping. |
### Instruction:
Does impaired functional capacity predict mortality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?
### Response:
| In our OSA population, IFC was a strong predictor of increased mortality. Among those with normal DTS, IFC identified a cohort at increased risk of mortality. |
### Instruction:
Does pedicle screw reinsertion using previous pilot hole and trajectory reduce fixation strength?
### Response:
| Despite a significant reduction in pedicle screw IT, there was no significant difference in pedicle screw POS with reinsertion. Therefore, when surgeons must completely remove a pedicle screw for tract inspection, reinsertion along the same trajectory may be performed without significantly compromising fixation strength. |
### Instruction:
Is altered FXR signalling associated with bile acid dysmetabolism in short bowel syndrome-associated liver disease?
### Response:
| We propose a pathological scenario in which microbial dysbiosis following SBR results in significant BA dysmetabolism and consequent outcomes including steatorrhoea, persistent diarrhoea and liver damage. Furthermore alterations in BA composition may have contributed to the observed disturbance in FXR-mediated signalling pathways. These findings provide an insight into the complex mechanisms mediating the development of liver disease in patients with SBS. |
### Instruction:
Does microRNA-146 inhibit thrombin-induced NF-κB activation and subsequent inflammatory responses in human retinal endothelial cells?
### Response:
| We uncovered a novel negative feedback regulatory mechanism on thrombin-induced GPCR-mediated NF-κB activation by miR-146. In combination with the negative feedback regulation of miR-146 on the IL-1R/toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated NF-κB activation in RECs that we reported previously, our results underscore a pivotal, negative regulatory role of miR-146 on multiple NF-κB activation pathways and related inflammatory processes in DR. |
### Instruction:
Does mitochondrial oxidative stress in the retinal pigment epithelium lead to localized retinal degeneration?
### Response:
| Conditional tissue-specific reduction in MnSOD induced oxidative stress in mouse RPE, leading to RPE dysfunction, damage to the choroid, and death of photoreceptor cells. The RPE oxidative stress did not cause drusen-like deposits, but the model recapitulated certain key aspects of the pathology of dry AMD and may be useful in testing therapies. |
### Instruction:
Do relationship between anthropometric or functional characteristics and maximal serve velocity in professional tennis players?
### Response:
| Height was confirmed to be the main anthropometric determinant of serves speed in professional tennis players. |
### Instruction:
Does barefoot running improve economy at high intensities and peak treadmill velocity?
### Response:
| Barefoot running improves RE at high exercise intensities and increases vVO2max and vmax, but further research is required to clarify the influence of very light shoe weights on RE. |
### Instruction:
Is interferon regulatory factor 1 an independent predictor of platinum resistance and survival in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma?
### Response:
| Transcriptome analysis identifies IRF1, a transcription factor that functions both in immune regulation and as a tumor suppressor, as being associated with platinum sensitivity and an independent predictor of both PFS and OS in HGSOC. |
### Instruction:
Are memory deficits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exclusively caused by executive dysfunction : a comparative neuropsychological study of amnestic mild cognitive impairment?
### Response:
| The presented results indicate that the interpretation of neuropsychological scores needs to take the distinct cognitive profiles in ALS and aMCI into consideration. Importantly, the observed memory deficits in ALS were distinctly different from those observed in aMCI and can be explained only to some extent in the context of comorbid (coexisting) executive dysfunction. These findings highlight the qualitative differences in temporal lobe dysfunction between ALS and aMCI patients, and support temporal lobe dysfunction as a mechanism underlying the distinct cognitive impairments observed in ALS. |
### Instruction:
Does lung function after cold-water dive with a standard scuba regulator or full-face-mask during wintertime?
### Response:
| Cold-water dives during wintertime can be associated with airway narrowing. During cold-water dives, the use of a FFM appears to reduce the cold sensation and enhance the well-being of the divers. However, a FFM does not appear to prevent airway narrowing in healthy, non-asthmatic subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does a functional polymorphism of the MAOA gene modulate spontaneous brain activity in pons?
### Response:
| Lower spontaneous brain activity in the pons of the MAOA-L male adolescents may provide a neural mechanism by which boys with the MAOA-L genotype confers risk for impulsivity and aggression. |
### Instruction:
Is radial primary percutaneous coronary intervention independently associated with decreased long-term mortality in high-risk ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients?
### Response:
| Patients undergoing PPCI via the femoral route are at a higher risk of adverse short-term and long-term outcomes than patients undergoing PPCI via the radial route. Patients with a high baseline risk may benefit most from radial access, and future outcome studies should focus on the most at-risk patients. |
### Instruction:
Does pharmacist involvement in the patient care improve outcome in hypertension patients?
### Response:
| Results from our study showed that applying pharmaceutical care to hypertensive patients can help in the control of these patients' blood pressure, and consequently lower the risk that hypertension poses in cardiovascular disease. Successful implementation of pharmaceutical care has the potential to increase patients' satisfaction with their pharmacists' activities and may increase patients' expectations that pharmacists will work on their behalf to assist them with their healthcare needs. |
### Instruction:
Is total Phenytoin concentration well correlated with active free drug in critically-ill head trauma patients?
### Response:
| Our results indicated that total phenytoin serum concentration is not a reliable therapeutic goal for drug monitoring in severely-ill head trauma patients even in the absence of hypoalbuminemia, renal and hepatic failure. It seems justifiable to measure free phenytoin concentration in all severely ill neurotrauma patients. |
### Instruction:
Do the use of technology to reduce radiation exposure in trauma patients transferred to a level I trauma center?
### Response:
| In West Virginia, the use of image archival systems such as ImageGrid appears to result in less repeat CT imaging upon arrival at a tertiary trauma center. Given risks associated with ionizing radiation and costs of repeat imaging the benefits have important implications for patient safety and cost containment. |
### Instruction:
Does thymoquinone induce cell death in human squamous carcinoma cells via caspase activation-dependent apoptosis and LC3-II activation-dependent autophagy?
### Response:
| These findings indicated that TQ induced cell death in oral cancer cells via two distinct anti-neoplastic activities that can induce apoptosis and autophagy. Therefore, TQ is a promising candidate in phytochemical-based, mechanistic, and pathway-targeted cancer prevention strategies. |
### Instruction:
Are you the danger : attenuated insula response in methamphetamine users during aversive interoceptive decision-making?
### Response:
| AI/IFG attenuations in METH are suggestive of an executive functioning deficit, particularly in users with low anxiety, reflecting reduced resources allocated to choice selection. In contrast, PI/ACC reductions in METH appear specific to impairments in registering and evaluating interoceptive experiences. Taken together, inadequate activation of brain areas that are important for regulating when one does not feel well may be the neural basis for poor decision-making by METH. |
### Instruction:
Are non-invasive fibrosis tests correlated with necroinflammatory actvity of liver in patients with chronic hepatitis B?
### Response:
| APRI, APGA and GUCI tests may be helpful in prediction of necroinflammatory scores in the liver. |
### Instruction:
Is exercise counseling of primary care physicians in metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases associated with their specialty and exercise habits?
### Response:
| The primary care physicians whose specialties were internal medicine and general medicine significantly more often recommended exercise in diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, heart failure, and hypertension cases. In addition, their own exercise habits were positively associated with their recommendation of exercise in hyperlipidemia, heart failure, and hypertension cases. |
### Instruction:
Does a genome-wide association study suggest an association of Chr8p21.3 ( GFRA2 ) with diabetic neuropathic pain?
### Response:
| This genome-wide association study on diabetic neuropathic pain suggests new evidence for the involvement of variants near GFRA2 with the disorder, which needs to be verified in an independent cohort and at the molecular level. |
### Instruction:
Do experimental appendicitis and appendectomy modulate the CCL20-CCR6 axis to limit inflammatory colitis pathology?
### Response:
| Teasing out the pathways involved in the changes induced by AA on the colon in clinical studies and, most importantly, in our unique murine AA model will lead to the development of techniques to manipulate different components of the CCL20-CCR6 axis and Th17 system resulting in significant advances in IBD management. |
### Instruction:
Does myeloid knockout of HIF-1 α markedly affect hemorrhage/resuscitation-induced inflammation and hepatic injury?
### Response:
| Here, deleting HIF-1 α in myeloid cells and thereby in Kupffer cells was not protective after H/R. This data indicates that other factors, such as NF- κB, due to its upregulated phosphorylation in WT and KO mice, contrary to HIF-1 α, are rather key modulators of inflammation after H/R in our model. |
### Instruction:
Does mRNA-Seq reveal novel molecular mechanisms and a robust fingerprint in Graves ' disease?
### Response:
| These data reveal an active immune defense system in Graves' disease, which involves novel molecular mechanisms in its pathogenesis and development. |
### Instruction:
Do finger-stick whole blood HIV-1/-2 home-use tests are more sensitive than oral fluid-based in-home HIV tests?
### Response:
| An evaluation of candidates for HIV self-testing revealed unexpected differences in performance of the rapid tests: the FSB test showed a far greater reliability than OF tests. |
### Instruction:
Does failure of acute procedural success predict adverse outcome after percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair with MitraClip?
### Response:
| The failure of acute procedural success proved to have the most important impact on outcome after MitraClip implantation. |
### Instruction:
Are atherosclerotic risk factors and atherosclerotic postoperative events associated with low inflammation in abdominal aortic aneurysms?
### Response:
| Low amount of inflammation in AAAs is associated with more atherosclerotic risk factors, more advanced local atherosclerotic lesions and more postoperative atherosclerotic adverse events. This observation supports the view that AAA development is a multi-factorial process in which part of the patient population has a closer relation with systemic atherosclerotic disease, while in other patients local inflammatory reactions might play a larger role. |
### Instruction:
Is health care contact higher in the week preceding a first myocardial infarction : A review of medical records in Northern Sweden in 2007?
### Response:
| Both women and men with a first MI are in contact more frequently than the general population in the week prior to the event. |
### Instruction:
's it what you think , it 's how you relate to it : dispositional mindfulness moderates the relationship between psychological distress and the cortisol awakening response?
### Response:
| These findings are consistent with the idea that the tendency to describe and accept experiences may buffer the impact of psychological distress on physiological arousal. These metacognitive processes may be important moderators in unraveling the complex relationship between psychological distress and physiological stress reactivity. Further research is recommended to replicate this approach in other populations. |
### Instruction:
Is leftward bulging of atrial septum provoked by nitroglycerin and by sustained valsalva strain?
### Response:
| Unloading of the left ventricle by nitroglycerin administration and by sustained Valsalva strain independently provoked LBA. The combination of these two interventions further intensified the effect. |
### Instruction:
Does prehospital end-tidal carbon dioxide differentiate between cardiac and obstructive causes of dyspnoea?
### Response:
| Lower levels of ETCO2 were associated with CHF, and may serve as an objective diagnostic adjunct to predict this cause of dyspnoea in the prehospital setting. |
### Instruction:
Does european survey of imaging in non-accidental injury demonstrate a need for a consensus protocol?
### Response:
| There is a need for a European consensus protocol to imaging in suspected non-accidental injury. We recommend implementing the joint RCR/RCPCH guidance, a move supported by the ESPR. |
### Instruction:
Is left-ventricular hypertrophy associated better with 24-h aortic pressure than 24-h brachial pressure in hypertensive patients : the SAFAR study?
### Response:
| These data suggest that aortic ABPM, when compared to brachial ABPM, improves the individualized assessment of the BP-associated heart damage. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of GPR40 attenuate chronic inflammation induced impact on pancreatic β-cells health and function?
### Response:
| In this study, we provide evidences that CNX-011-67, a GPR40 agonist, reduces inflammatory signaling and apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells while promoting insulin secretion and synthesis. Activation of GPR40 leads to attenuation of β-cell dysfunction caused by chronic inflammation and thus could be of immense clinical value to improve insulin secretion and β-cell survival. |
### Instruction:
Is tanshinone II-A protective against human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury after exposure to serum from preeclampsia patients?
### Response:
| TII-A has a protective effect against PE sera, likely through regulation of the CD40/CD40L signal transduction pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does integrative exercise and lifestyle intervention increase leisure-time activity in breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| This integrated intervention may produce lifestyle changes in breast cancer patients and survivors using the teachable moment to increase their leisure-time physical activity and, thereby, their QoL. |
### Instruction:
Does polyglycolic acid sheet with fibrin glue potentiate the effect of a fibrin-based haemostat in cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| Adding a PGA sheet and fibrin glue increased the adhesive strength of TachoComb in two experimental models, suggesting that this method might be effective for achieving haemostasis in difficult clinical situations. |
### Instruction:
Does bone marrow cell transplantation time-dependently abolish efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after stroke in hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| G-CSF improved functional recovery in spontaneously hypertensive rats, but this effect was abolished by cotransplantation of BM MNC after 48 hours. In the spleen, transplanted cells may hinder the clearance of granulocytes that were massively increased by G-CSF. Increased circulation and infiltration of granulocytes into the ischemic brain may be detrimental for stroke outcome. |
### Instruction:
Is bone strength related to muscle volume in ambulant individuals with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy?
### Response:
| Bending and compressional strength of the femur, estimated from Zp and cortical bone CSA respectively, is associated with reduced thigh muscle volume. Increasing muscle volume by strength training may have a positive effect on bone mechanics in individuals with CP. |
### Instruction:
Does physical exercise improve arterial stiffness after spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| Athletes with SCI exhibited improved central arterial stiffness compared to non-athletes, which is in agreement with the previous able-bodied literature. This finding implies that chronic exercise training may improve arterial health and potentially lower cardiovascular disease risk in the SCI population. |
### Instruction:
Do point-of-care lateral flow assays for tuberculosis and cryptococcal antigenuria predict death in HIV infected adults in Uganda?
### Response:
| In hospitalized HIV-infected patients, LAM or CRAG LFA positivity was associated with subsequent death within 2 months. Further studies are warranted to examine the impact of POC diagnostic 'test and treat' approach on patient-centered outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does reorganization of visual processing in age-related macular degeneration depend on foveal loss?
### Response:
| We conclude that complete loss of foveal function may be a necessary condition for large-scale reorganization of visual processing in individuals with MD. |
### Instruction:
Do why parents use the emergency department during evening hours for nonemergent pediatric care?
### Response:
| Many parents who expect outpatient treatment prefer to take their child to a primary care pediatrician during evening hours, but present to the ED because of lack of primary care access. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg ) provide protection against endothelial cell dysfunction and death in ischemic stroke?
### Response:
| IVIg protects endothelial cells from ischemic insult. These studies support the use of IVIg as a pharmacological intervention for stroke therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does eZH2 promote tumor progression by increasing VEGF expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| EZH2 correlates positively with VEGF and associates with adverse clinicopathologic characteristics and shorter survival time in CCRCC patients. EZH2 accelerates antiapoptosis and cell cycle in 786-O cells. |
### Instruction:
Does ketoconazole inhibit ovulation as a result of arrest of follicular steroidogenesis in the rat ovary?
### Response:
| These results suggest that KCZ-mediated inhibition of follicular maturation probably results from impaired steroidogenesis at early phase of follicular development toward ovulation. Hence, attenuation of folliculogenesis by KCZ may be harnessed to modulate gonadotropin-ovarian stimulation in fertility treatments. |
### Instruction:
Does aGO1 control arabidopsis inflorescence architecture possibly by regulating TFL1 expression?
### Response:
| The results identify AGO1 as a repressor of TFL1 expression. Moreover, they reveal a novel role for AGO1 in inflorescence development, controlling the production of coflorescences. AGO1 seems to play this role through regulating TFL1 expression. |
### Instruction:
Does the CRC orthologue from Pisum sativum show conserved functions in carpel morphogenesis and vascular development?
### Response:
| The data support the conserved roles of CRC orthologues in carpel fusion, style/stigma development and nectary development. In addition, an intriguing new aspect of CRC function in legumes was the unexpected role in vascular development, which could be shared by other species from widely diverged clades within the angiosperms, suggesting that this role could be ancestral rather than derived, as so far generally accepted. |
### Instruction:
Is inhibition of STAT3 acetylation associated with angiotesin renal fibrosis in the obstructed kidney?
### Response:
| STAT3 acetylation plays an important role in activation of STAT3 signaling pathway and consequent renal fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Are human herpes viruses associated with classic fever of unknown origin ( FUO ) in Beijing patients?
### Response:
| HHVs are associated with Chinese patients (especially for children) with classic FUO. Our study adds perspective to the aetiological and clinical characteristics of classic FUO in beijing patients. |
### Instruction:
Does epicutaneous immunization with TNP-Ig and Zymosan induce TCRαβ+ CD4+ contrasuppressor cells that reverse skin-induced suppression via IL-17A?
### Response:
| Our work strongly suggests that EC immunization with protein antigen and zymosan reverses skin-induced suppression and that this approach may be a potential tool to increase the immunogenicity of weakly immunogenic antigens. |
### Instruction:
Are fetal and maternal angiotensin ( 1-7 ) associated with preterm birth?
### Response:
| Lower concentrations of maternal and fetal Ang (1-7) are independently associated with preterm birth - a risk factor of hypertension in later life. |
### Instruction:
Does gastrin mediate resistance to hypoxia-induced cell death in xenografts of the human colorectal cancer cell line LoVo?
### Response:
| These results provide evidence that non-amidated gastrins are involved in the adaptation of CRCs to hypoxic microenvironments through increasing resistance to apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Does any Cortical Bridging predict Healing of Tibial Shaft Fractures?
### Response:
| Assessment for any cortical bridging by four months postoperatively is a reliable, accurate predictor of tibial shaft fracture-healing. This relatively early radiographic finding discriminates between fractures that will undergo late union with observation alone and those destined for nonunion. |
### Instruction:
Does insurance status predict curve magnitude in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at first presentation to an orthopaedic surgeon?
### Response:
| Patients with private insurance presenting for evaluation of idiopathic adolescent scoliosis were significantly more likely to present as a second opinion than those with government insurance. In this group of 642 patients, no significant differences were found in major Cobb angle at presentation or eventual need for surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does multifocal electroretinogram contribute to differentiation of various clinical pictures within a family with Bardet-Biedl syndrome?
### Response:
| The mfERG is a useful adjunct to full-field ERG in the paediatric population and in family studies. |
### Instruction:
Does early use of thiopurines or methotrexate reduce major abdominal and perianal surgery in Crohn 's disease?
### Response:
| Early IM use with thiopurines or methotrexate was significantly associated with the reduced need for abdominal and perianal surgery in CD. |
### Instruction:
Is adiponectin associated with bone strength and fracture history in paralyzed men with spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| Based on these findings, strength estimates may improve fracture risk prediction and detection of response to osteogenic therapies following spinal cord injury. Furthermore, our findings suggest that circulating adiponectin may indeed be a feasible biomarker for bone health and osteoporotic fracture risk in paralyzed individuals with spinal cord injury. |
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