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### Instruction: Does oral citrulline supplementation protect female mice from the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD )? ### Response:
Our data suggest that the protective effects of supplementing Cit on the development of NAFLD in mice are associated with a decreased translocation of endotoxin into the portal vein.
### Instruction: Does stress and Coping predict Adjustment and Glycemic Control in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes? ### Response:
The ways in which adolescents with type 1 diabetes cope with diabetes-related stress predict quality of life and symptoms of depression but not glycemic control. Through the use of screening to identify adolescent's diabetes-related stress and targeted interventions to improve coping strategies, there is potential to improve outcomes.
### Instruction: Does cryptosporidium parvum rhomboid1 have an activity in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage? ### Response:
Our results showed that CpROM1 is an active protease that is involved in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage, which lay the foundation for further research on the mechanisms of C. parvum invasion.
### Instruction: Does a negative nontreponemal and/or specific antitreponemal IgM test exclude active infectious syphilis : evidence from a rabbit infectivity test : A case report? ### Response:
The definitive differential diagnosis of active infectious syphilis should be reconsidered. Moreover, selecting the appropriate penicillin preparation is important because T pallidum can reside in sequestered sites. It is necessary to treat a patient with known invasion of the central nervous system with aqueous crystalline penicillin G, if previous treatment for syphilis failed and patients had some clinical neurological presentation that is otherwise unexplained, but that could represent neurosyphilis. Additional studies are needed to confirm the results in other syphilis patients.
### Instruction: Do use and Outcomes of Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients ≥90 Years of Age? ### Response:
The use of intravenous tPA among those aged ≥90 years is lower than in younger patients. When fibrinolytic therapy is used, the risk of symptomatic hemorrhage is not higher than in 66- to 89-year olds; however, mortality is higher and functional outcomes are lower.
### Instruction: Is the transposable element environment of human genes associated with histone and expression changes in cancer? ### Response:
Taken together, these results suggest that the presence of TEs near genes could favor important variation in gene expression when the cell environment is modified.
### Instruction: Does lymph Node Ratio be Less Prognostic in Melanoma When Minimum Node Retrieval Thresholds Are Not Met? ### Response:
LNR provides no prognostic superiority versus counts of examined and positive nodes. Moreover, the prognostic value of LNR diminishes when minimum node retrieval thresholds are not met.
### Instruction: Does weight loss induced by bariatric surgery restore adipose tissue PNPLA3 expression? ### Response:
Weight loss induced by LAGB restored adipose tissue PNPLA3 expression which is suppressed by TNFα. Further studies will be required to determine the functional impact of PNPLA3 and its related genetic variation on adipose tissue inflammation and NAFLD.
### Instruction: Does cystathionine-Gamma-Lyase Gene Deletion protect Mice against Inflammation and Liver Sieve Injury following Polymicrobial Sepsis? ### Response:
Mice with CSE (an H2S synthesising enzyme) gene deletion are less susceptible to CLP-induced sepsis and associated inflammatory response through ERK1/2-NF-κB p65 pathway as evidenced by reduced inflammation, tissue damage, and LSECs defenestration and gaps formation.
### Instruction: Does inosine enhance recovery of grasp following cortical injury to the primary motor cortex of the rhesus monkey? ### Response:
These findings demonstrate that inosine can enhance recovery of function following cortical injury in monkeys.
### Instruction: Is serum gamma-glutamyltransferase associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes? ### Response:
Serum GGT levels were significantly associated with obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and metabolic syndrome, but not with the early and late stages of atherosclerotic vascular changes, in patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum GGT level may not be a reliable marker of subclinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes.
### Instruction: Does molecular characterisation of parvoviruses from domestic cats reveal emergence of newer variants in India? ### Response:
Detection of CPV in both diarrhoeic/healthy cats and the occurrence of FPV infection in a vaccinated cat provide new insights into parvovirus infections in cats in India.
### Instruction: Do patients With Short Bowel on Narcotics During 2 Randomized Trials Have Abdominal Complaints Independent of Teduglutide? ### Response:
These results suggest that patients with short bowel syndrome receiving narcotics have chronic GI complaints independent of teduglutide treatment. Data included in this analysis were derived from ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00081458 and NCT00798967 (EudraCT 2004-000438-35 and 2008-006193-15).
### Instruction: Is urine NGAL useful in the clinical evaluation of renal function in the early course of acute pancreatitis? ### Response:
The measurement of NGAL levels, particularly in urine, is simple, easy to interpret, routinely available, and clinically useful in the assessment of dynamic changes in kidney function for patients with AP.
### Instruction: Does haptoglobin or Hemopexin Therapy prevent Acute Adverse Effects of Resuscitation After Prolonged Storage of Red Cells? ### Response:
In mice, the adverse effects of transfusion with SRBCs after hemorrhagic shock are ameliorated by treatment with either haptoglobin or hemopexin. Haptoglobin infusion prevents kidney injury associated with high plasma hemoglobin concentrations after resuscitation with SRBCs. Treatment with the naturally occurring human plasma proteins haptoglobin or hemopexin may have beneficial effects in conditions of severe hemolysis after prolonged hypotension.
### Instruction: Does decreased Soluble Guanylate Cyclase contribute to Cardiac Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Doxorubicin Treatment in Mice? ### Response:
These data demonstrate that a reduction in cardiac sGC activity worsens doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice and identify sGC as a potential therapeutic target. Various pharmacological sGC agonists are in clinical development or use and may represent a promising approach to limit doxorubicin-associated cardiotoxicity. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
### Instruction: Does changes in lung sound during asthma progression in a guinea pig model? ### Response:
Lung sound intensity in the middle frequency range from 501 to 1000 Hz correlated with peripheral airway wall thickness. Inspiratory sound intensity appeared to be an indicator of morphological changes in small airways in asthma.
### Instruction: Does the Urtica dioica extract enhance sensitivity of paclitaxel drug to MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells? ### Response:
Our results demonstrated that the dichloromethane extract of Urtica dioica inhibit cell growth and migration. Also, Urtica dioica extract substantially increased sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. Therefore, it can be used as a potential candidate for treatment of breast cancer with paclitaxel.
### Instruction: Does miR-622 functions as a tumor suppressor and directly target E2F1 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma? ### Response:
These findings indicate that miR-622 may act as a tumor suppressor in ESCC and would serve as a potential therapy target for this disease.
### Instruction: Does melatonin prevent radiation-induced oxidative stress and periodontal tissue breakdown in irradiated rats with experimental periodontitis? ### Response:
It was found that radiotherapy increased oxidative stress, the periodontal attachment level and alveolar bone loss, and protective melatonin administration significantly reduced the oxidative parameters and prevented periodontal damage in irradiated rats with experimental periodontitis. Further research is needed regarding the use of systemic melatonin administration before radiation therapy.
### Instruction: Is transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 ( TRPA1 ) functionally expressed in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes? ### Response:
The TRPA1 cation channel was found to be functionally expressed in primary human OA chondrocytes, which is an original finding. The presence and inflammatory and catabolic effects of TRPA1 in human OA chondrocytes propose a highly intriguing role for TRPA1 as a pathogenic factor and drug target in OA.
### Instruction: Does amplification of TLK2 induce Genomic Instability via Impairing the G2-M Checkpoint? ### Response:
Targeting TLK2 presents an attractive therapeutic strategy for the TLK2-amplified breast cancers that possess enhanced genomic instability and aggressiveness. Mol Cancer Res; 14(10); 920-7. ©2016 AACR.
### Instruction: Does a Blockade of IGF Signaling sensitize Human Ovarian Cancer Cells to the Anthelmintic Niclosamide-Induced Anti-Proliferative and Anticancer Activities? ### Response:
Niclosamide as a repurposed anticancer agent may be more efficacious when combined with agents that target other signaling pathways such as IGF signaling in the treatment of human cancers including ovarian cancer.
### Instruction: Does inhibition of ADAM10 promote the clearance of Aβ across the BBB by reducing LRP1 ectodomain shedding? ### Response:
These studies demonstrate a role for ADAM10 in the ectodomain shedding of LRP1 in the brain and the clearance of Aβ across the BBB, which may provide a novel strategy for attenuating Aβ accumulation in the AD brain.
### Instruction: Does moderate Physical Activity in Healthy Adults be Associated With Cardiac Remodeling? ### Response:
Exercise-related cardiac remodeling is not confined to athletes, and there is a risk of overdiagnosing cardiac dilatation or hypertrophy in a proportion of active, healthy adults.
### Instruction: Do anthracycline-Associated T1 Mapping Characteristics Are Elevated Independent of the Presence of Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Cancer Survivors? ### Response:
Three years after anthracycline-based chemotherapy, elevations in myocardial T1 and ECV occur independent of underlying cancer or cardiovascular comorbidities, suggesting that imaging biomarkers of interstitial fibrosis in cancer survivors are related to prior receipt of a potentially cardiotoxic cancer treatment regimen.
### Instruction: Is high salt intake associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events : a 7.2-year evaluation of a cohort of hypertensive patients? ### Response:
In a cohort of hypertensive patients, high salt intake independently predicts the occurrence of CV events, particularly of stroke.
### Instruction: Is palliative homecare associated with reduced high- and low-acuity emergency department visits at the end of life : A population-based cohort study of cancer decedents? ### Response:
Receiving homecare nursing with palliative intent may decrease the need for dying cancer patients to visit the emergency department, for both high and low-acuity visits, compared to receiving general homecare nursing. Policy implications include building support for additional training in palliative care to generalist homecare nurses and increasing access to palliative homecare nursing.
### Instruction: Is actual lowering effect of metabolic syndrome on serum prostate-specific antigen levels partly concealed by enlarged prostate : results from a large-scale population-based study? ### Response:
The actual lowering effect of MetS on serum PSA levels was partly concealed by the enlarged prostate in men with MetS, and the presence of MetS was independently associated with lower serum PSA levels. Urologists need to be aware of the effect of MetS on serum PSA levels and should discuss this subject with their patients.
### Instruction: Does leucocyte count indicate carotid plaque instability in stroke patients? ### Response:
The number of Le is associated with the phenomenon of carotid plaque instability and may be a useful additional marker of increased risk for developing acute cerebral infarction.
### Instruction: Does c-type natriuretic peptide and natriuretic peptide receptor B signalling inhibit cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission and autonomic function? ### Response:
C-type natriuretic peptide reduces cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission via a reduction in neuronal calcium signalling and NE release through the NPR-B receptor. Situations impairing CNP-NPR-B signalling lead to hypertension, tachycardia, and impaired left ventricular systolic function secondary to sympatho-excitation.
### Instruction: Does comparative DNA methylation and gene expression analysis identify novel genes for structural congenital heart diseases? ### Response:
By interrogating DNA methylation and gene expression data, we identify two novel mechanism contributing to the phenotypic expression of CHDs: aberrant methylation of promoter CpG islands and methylation alterations leading to differential splicing.
### Instruction: Does postnatal Loss of Kindlin-2 lead to Progressive Heart Failure? ### Response:
Kindlin-2 is required to maintain integrin β1D protein stability. Postnatal loss of Kindlin-2 from cardiac myocytes leads to progressive heart failure, showing the importance of costameric proteins like Kindlin-2 for homeostasis of normal heart function.
### Instruction: Do residency program trainee-satisfaction correlate with results of the European board examination in neurosurgery? ### Response:
With every one-step improvement on the country-specific satisfaction score for theoretical training, the score in the EBE-NS Part 1 increased by 3.8 %. With every one-step improvement on the country-specific satisfaction score for practical training, the score in the EBE-NS Part 2 increased by 9.47 %. Improving training conditions is likely to have a direct positive influence on the knowledge level of trainees, as measured by the EBE-NS. The effect of the actual working time on the theoretical and practical knowledge of neurosurgical trainees appears to be insignificant.
### Instruction: Is esophageal Mucosal Impedance Pattern Distinct in Patients With Extraesophageal Reflux Symptoms and Pathologic Acid Reflux? ### Response:
Patients with symptoms of EER and evidence of acid reflux have an MI lower than those without at 2 cm above the SCJ, with a trend at 5 cm and 10 cm as well. MI may be a tool to assess presence of GERD in patients presenting with EER symptoms.
### Instruction: Does in vivo imaging of antileukemic drug asparaginase reveal a rapid macrophage mediated clearance from the bone marrow? ### Response:
We show that asparaginase is rapidly cleared from the serum by liver, spleen and bone marrow-resident phagocytic cells. As a consequence of this efficient uptake and protease mediated degradation, particularly bone marrow resident macrophages may provide a protective niche to leukemic cells.
### Instruction: Does sodium Hypochlorite inactivate Lipoteichoic Acid of Enterococcus faecalis by Deacylation? ### Response:
NaOCl deacylates the glycolipid moiety of EfLTA, which fails to activate TLR2, leading to the reduced production of inflammatory mediators.
### Instruction: Does trends and correlate of substance use disorders among probationers and parolees in the United States 2002-2014? ### Response:
This study indicates that SUDs are higher among probationer/parolees as compared to their non-supervised counterparts - between four and nine times higher - and these levels have changed little in recent years. Effectively responding to SUDs in this population may enhance adherence to supervision requirements, prevent recidivism, and improve public safety. We may be better served using limited funds for further development of evidence-based policies and programs, such as drug courts, which demonstrate reductions in both drug use and recidivism.
### Instruction: Does post-exercise heart-rate recovery correlate to resting heart-rate variability in healthy men? ### Response:
HRR from the 1st to 5th min post-exercise negatively correlated with parasympathetic modulation in resting orthostatic, but showed no correlation in supine position. At the 3rd and 5th min, a positive correlation with combined sympathetic-parasympathetic modulation in both positions was observed.
### Instruction: Does low dose dietary nitrate improve endothelial dysfunction and plaque stability in the? ### Response:
Low and moderate dose nitrate significantly improved endothelial function and atherosclerotic plaque composition in ApoE
### Instruction: Does uropathogenic Escherichia coli release Extracellular Vesicles That Are Associated with RNA? ### Response:
These data add to the growing evidence of pathogenic bacterial MV being associated a wide range of RNAs. It further raises the plausibility for MV-RNA-mediated cross-kingdom communication whereby they influence host cell function during the infection process.
### Instruction: Are older patients still under-represented in clinical trials of Alzheimer 's disease? ### Response:
Patients enrolled in clinical trials on Alzheimer's disease are far from being representative of actual distribution of the patients in the general population. Clinical research should not be designed and conducted overlooking the fact that the majority of individuals with Alzheimer's disease are likely to be 80 or older.
### Instruction: Does encoding of speech sound at auditory brainstem level in good and poor hearing aid performers? ### Response:
The result of the present study suggests that neural encoding of speech sound at the brainstem level might be mediated distinctly in good hearing aid performers from that of poor hearing aid performers. Thus, it can be inferred that subtle physiological changes are evident at the auditory brainstem in a person who is willing to accept noise from those who are not willing to accept noise.
### Instruction: Is preoperative Statin Use at the Time of Radical Prostatectomy Associated With Biochemical Recurrence or Pathologic Upgrading? ### Response:
Preoperative statin use at the time of radical prostatectomy was not associated with biochemical recurrence or risk of pathologic upgrading in this cohort. These data add to the existing body of literature suggesting that statin use is not associated with more favorable clinical outcomes following radical prostatectomy.
### Instruction: Does dietary beet pulp decrease taurine status in dogs fed low protein diet? ### Response:
These results do not support the hypothesis that RB is likely to be a primary cause of lamb meal and rice diets, increasing the risk of taurine deficiency in large dogs. However these indicate that BP may contribute to a decrease taurine status in dogs by increasing excretion of fecal BA and decreasing protein digestibility, thus decreasing the bioavailability of sulfur amino acids, the precursors of taurine.
### Instruction: Is dietary counseling associated with an improved lipid profile in children with familial hypercholesterolemia? ### Response:
FH children had a higher intake of SFA than recommended and the SFA intake was positively correlated with plasma TC, LDL-C and apo B levels in FH children not using statins. Importantly, the plasma lipid profile was improved in FH children after dietary counseling where focus was on reducing intake of SFA and dietary cholesterol.
### Instruction: Does a tissue-specific protein purification approach in Caenorhabditis elegans identify novel interaction partners of DLG-1/Discs large? ### Response:
The method we present here is able to purify protein complexes from specific tissues. We uncovered a series of DLG-1 interactors, and conclude that ATAD-3 is a biologically relevant interaction partner of DLG-1. Finally, we conclude that MAPH-1.1 is a microtubule-associated protein of the MAP1 family and a candidate neuron-specific interaction partner of DLG-1.
### Instruction: Does invasive aortic pulse wave velocity as a marker for arterial stiffness predict outcome of renal sympathetic denervation? ### Response:
Patients with lower pulse wave velocity showed a significantly better response to denervation. These findings emphasise that pulse wave velocity might be used as a selection criterion for renal denervation.
### Instruction: Is dCLK1 up-regulated and associated with metastasis and prognosis in colorectal cancer? ### Response:
DCLK1 up-regulation may play a contributory role in CRC metastasis and poor prognosis via activation of EMT. DCLK1 may serve as an independent predictor for CRC prognosis.
### Instruction: Is metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the era of modern systemic treatment : C-reactive protein an independent predictor of overall survival? ### Response:
Elevated C-reactive protein >5 mg/L was identified as an independent predictor of survival in a contemporary patient collective undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Future analyses and risk stratification tools for patients undergoing metastasectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma should aim to evaluate and include C-reactive protein. To overcome low patient numbers, multi-institutional studies should be carried out.
### Instruction: Does a pilot study of parent education intervention improve early childhood development among toddlers with sickle cell disease? ### Response:
We report longitudinal results of the first home visitation program within the early childhood SCD population and show significant improvement in cognitive and EL development. Additionally, home environment was a significant predictor of cognitive development. Randomized controlled trials to test the impact of interventions targeting the home environment are warranted for this vulnerable population.
### Instruction: Does stomal maturation increase the rate of tracheocutaneous fistulas? ### Response:
Comparable rates of persistent TCF with stomal maturation (27%) and without maturation (22%) were found in this single institution's 10-year experience.
### Instruction: Is high T2-weighted signal intensity associated with elevated troponin T in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? ### Response:
In this CMR study of patients with HCM, we observed HighT2 in a quarter of patients, and demonstrated that HighT2 was associated with an elevated hs-cTnT. This observation, combined with the very high negative predictive value of an undetectable hs-cTnT for HighT2, provides supportive evidence for the hypothesis that HighT2 is indicative of recently sustained myocyte injury.
### Instruction: Is combination of 5 % phenylephrine and 0.5 % tropicamide eyedrops for pupil dilation in neonates twice as effective as 0.5 % tropicamide eyedrops alone? ### Response:
The dilated pupil surface area for the combination of 5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide was almost twice that for 0.5% tropicamide eyedrops alone and provided significantly superior quality of the eye fundus examination.
### Instruction: Do apitherapy products enhance the recovery of CCL4-induced hepatic damages in rats? ### Response:
Our results suggest that honey, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly significantly enhanced the healing of CCl4-induced liver damage, partially due to their antioxidant properties and bioavailability.
### Instruction: Does intrabone marrow injection enhance placental mesenchymal stem cellmediated support of hematopoiesis in mice? ### Response:
Our results not only elucidated the role of PMSCs in promoting hematopoiesis, but also revealed the therapeutic potential of the combination of PMSCs and IBMI in transplantation.
### Instruction: Does complement C3a predict outcome in cardiac resynchronization therapy of heart failure? ### Response:
In patients with CRT, elevated C3a levels increase the risk of mortality independent of the NT-proBNP levels or other factors. CRT exerts anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the complement activation.
### Instruction: Does over-expression of long noncoding RNA BANCR inhibit malignant phenotypes of human bladder cancer? ### Response:
These data suggested that BANCR represents a tumor suppressor player in bladder cancer, contributes to tumor proliferation, apoptosis and migration, and may serve as a new candidate biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for patients with BC.
### Instruction: Does whole genome sequencing reveal mycobacterial microevolution among concurrent isolates from sputum and blood in HIV infected TB patients? ### Response:
Among HIV-infected patients with poor cellular immunity, infection with multiple strains of M. tuberculosis was found in half of the patients. In those patients with identical strains, whole genome sequencing indicated that M. tuberculosis intra-patient microevolution does occur in a few patients, yet did not reveal a consistent direction of spread between sputum and blood. This suggests that these compartments are highly connected and potentially seed each other repeatedly.
### Instruction: Does imaging mass spectrometry assist in the classification of diagnostically challenging atypical Spitzoid neoplasms? ### Response:
IMS diagnosis of ASN better predicted clinical outcome than histopathology. Diagnosis of Spitzoid melanoma by IMS was strongly associated with aggressive clinical behavior. IMS analysis using a proteomic signature may improve the diagnosis and prediction of outcome/risk stratification for patients with ASN.
### Instruction: Does degenerin channel activation cause caspase-mediated protein degradation and mitochondrial dysfunction in adult C. elegans muscle? ### Response:
Constitutive cationic influx into muscle appears to cause caspase degradation of cytosolic proteins as the result of mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be relevant to ageing and sarcopenia.
### Instruction: Is p62/SQSTM1 but not LC3 accumulated in sarcopenic muscle of mice? ### Response:
Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling.
### Instruction: Does salidroside alleviate cachexia symptoms in mouse models of cancer cachexia via activating mTOR signalling? ### Response:
In the current study, the exciting effect of salidroside on CAC suggested that salidroside supplementation might be a promising approach for a multi-targeted therapy for the treatment of CAC.
### Instruction: Does rAMP1 suppress mucosal injury from dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice? ### Response:
The findings of this study suggest that RAMP1 exerted mucosal protection in DSS-induced colitis via attenuation of recruitment of inflammatory cells and of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
### Instruction: Do biomechanical comparison of sinus floor elevation and alternative treatment methods for dental implant placement? ### Response:
Based on the results of this study, the LSL method should be the first choice among treatment options. Considering its successful results under conditions of oblique forces, the SIP method may be preferable to the TIP method. In contrast, every effort should be made to avoid the use of DCs.
### Instruction: Does lipopolysaccharide-induced preconditioning protect against traumatic spinal cord injury by upregulating Nrf2 expression in rats? ### Response:
LPS preconditioning effectively alleviates TSCI-induced impairment and preserves nervous function in a Nrf2-dependent manner.
### Instruction: Does rACK1 overexpression associate with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growth and poor prognosis? ### Response:
Our results suggest that RACK1 could play an important role in the tumorigenesis of PDAC and serve as a potential therapeutical target in PDAC treatment.
### Instruction: Does imaging-genomics reveal driving pathways of MRI derived volumetric tumor phenotype features in Glioblastoma? ### Response:
GBM volumetric features extracted from MRI are significantly enriched for information about the biological state of a tumor that impacts patient outcomes. Clinical decision-support systems could exploit this information to develop personalized treatment strategies on the basis of noninvasive imaging.
### Instruction: Does exposure of Stored Packed Erythrocytes to Nitric Oxide prevent Transfusion-associated Pulmonary Hypertension? ### Response:
NO treatment of stored packed erythrocytes before transfusion oxidizes cell-free oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin, prevents subsequent NO scavenging in the pulmonary vasculature, and limits pulmonary hypertension. NO treatment increases erythrocyte deformability and erythrocyte survival after transfusion. NO treatment might provide a promising therapeutic approach to prevent pulmonary hypertension and extend erythrocyte survival.
### Instruction: Is fatigue in primary Sjögren 's syndrome associated with lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines? ### Response:
Cytokines, pain and depression appear to be the most powerful predictors of fatigue in pSS. Our data challenge the notion that proinflammatory cytokines directly mediate fatigue in chronic immunological conditions. Instead, we hypothesise that mechanisms regulating inflammatory responses may be important.
### Instruction: Is compliance with the current recommendations for prescribing antibiotics for paediatric community-acquired pneumonia improving : data from a prospective study in a French network? ### Response:
We observed a significant increase in the compliance with recommendations, with a reduction in the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics, efforts to improve antibiotic prescriptions must continue.
### Instruction: Is bnPME progressively induced after microspore reprogramming to embryogenesis , correlating with pectin de-esterification and cell differentiation in Brassica napus? ### Response:
The results show that the change of developmental programme of the microspore involves changes in pectin esterification associated with proliferation and differentiation events, which may cause the cell wall remodeling during the process. The findings indicate pectin-related modifications in the cell wall during microspore embryogenesis, providing new insights into the role of pectin esterification and cell wall configuration in microspore totipotency, embryogenesis induction and progression.
### Instruction: Does n-pentyl-nitrofurantoin induce apoptosis in HL-60 leukemia cell line by upregulating BAX and downregulating BCL-xL gene expression? ### Response:
The results indicate that NFP induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells by upregulating BAX and downregulating BCL-xL.
### Instruction: Does puerarin inhibit the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis via modulation of the NF-κB pathway in a rabbit model? ### Response:
This study indicates that the effect of puerarin on the suppression of atherosclerosis was connected with an inhibited inflammatory response and reduced NF-κB activation.
### Instruction: Does comprehensive repeatome annotation reveal strong potential impact of repetitive elements on tomato ripening? ### Response:
Altogether, our study emphasizes the fractionation as defined by repeat content in the tomato genome and enables to further characterize the specificities of each genomic compartment. Additionally, our results present strong associations between differentially regulated genes, differentially methylated regions and repeats, suggesting a potential adaptive function of repeats in tomato ripening. Our work therefore provides significant perspectives for the understanding of the impact of repeats on the maturation of fleshy fruits.
### Instruction: Do cAMP-Epac Pathway Stimulation Modulate Connexin-43 and MicroRNA-21 Expression in Glioma Cells? ### Response:
These findings demonstrate that low grade astrocytoma cells have better response to our pharmacological interventions.
### Instruction: Does natal habitat imprinting counteract the diversifying effects of phenotype-dependent dispersal in a spatially structured population? ### Response:
Taken together, the current and previous findings that pied flycatchers do not always settle in the habitat to which they are best suited suggest that their strong tendency to return to the natal patch regardless of their body size might lead to maladaptive settlement decisions and thus constrain the potential of phenotype-dependent dispersal to promote microgeographic adaptation.
### Instruction: Does endothelial Jag1-RBPJ signalling promote inflammatory leucocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis? ### Response:
Notch signalling pathway inactivation decreases leucocyte rolling, thereby preventing endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Attenuation of Notch signalling might provide a treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.
### Instruction: Does damage Patterns at the Head-Stem Taper Junction help Understand the Mechanisms of Material Loss? ### Response:
These material loss maps allow us to suggest different mechanisms that dominate the cause of the material loss in each pattern: (1) corrosion, (2) mechanically assisted corrosion, or (3) intraoperative damage or poor size tolerances leading to toggling of trunnion in taper.
### Instruction: Does posttraumatic stress disorder influence the nociceptive and intrathecal cytokine response to a painful stimulus in combat veterans? ### Response:
These findings show significant central nervous system (CNS) differences in the inflammatory response to a deep pain stimulus in combat veterans with and without PTSD. They support the concept that abnormally elevated neuroinflammatory response to pain stimuli may be one CNS mechanism accounting for the high co-occurrence of PTSD and pain.
### Instruction: Do [ EuroSCORE underestimate the mortality risk in cardiac valve surgery of Mexican population ]? ### Response:
In the INCICh 88.7% of patients with cardiac valve surgery had intermediate to high risk and EuroSCORE underestimated the risk of mortality.
### Instruction: Is methadone superior to fentanyl in treating neuropathic pain in patients with head-and-neck cancer? ### Response:
This is the first study to compare the effects of Met to Fen in cancer patients with a neuropathic pain component. Based on the results of this study, Met should be considered in the treatment of oncological pain with a neuropathic component.
### Instruction: Does targeting factor VIII expression to platelets for hemophilia A gene therapy induce an apparent thrombotic risk in mice? ### Response:
Background Targeting factor (F) VIII expression to platelets is a promising gene therapy approach for hemophilia A, and is successful even in the presence of inhibitors. It is well known that platelets play important roles not only in hemostasis, but also in thrombosis and inflammation. Objective To evaluate whether platelet-FVIII expression might increase thrombotic risk and thereby compromise the safety of this approach. Methods In this study, platelet-FVIII-expressing transgenic mice were examined either in steady-state conditions or under prothrombotic conditions induced by inflammation or the FV Leiden mutation. Native whole blood thrombin generation assay, rotational thromboelastometry analysis and ferric chloride-induced vessel injury were used to evaluate the hemostatic properties. Various parameters associated with thrombosis risk, including D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, fibrinogen, tissue fibrin deposition, platelet activation status and activatability, and platelet-leukocyte aggregates, were assessed. Results We generated a new line of transgenic mice that expressed 30-fold higher levels of platelet-expressed FVIII than are therapeutically required to restore hemostasis in hemophilic mice. Under both steady-state conditions and prothrombotic conditions induced by lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation or the FV Leiden mutation, supratherapeutic levels of platelet-expressed FVIII did not appear to be thrombogenic. Furthermore, FVIII-expressing platelets were neither hyperactivated nor hyperactivatable upon agonist activation. Conclusion We conclude that, in mice, more than 30-fold higher levels of platelet-expressed FVIII than are required for therapeutic efficacy in hemophilia A are not associated with a thrombotic predilection.
### Instruction: Is aNGPTL2 associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death in diabetic patients? ### Response:
In patients with type 2 diabetes, serum ANGPTL2 concentrations were independently associated with death and MACE. Therefore, ANGPTL2 is a promising candidate biomarker for improving risk stratification in type 2 diabetes patients, and may prove to be a valuable therapeutic target.
### Instruction: Do aRDS Subphenotypes Respond Differently to Randomized Fluid Management Strategy? ### Response:
This analysis confirms the presence of two ARDS subphenotypes that can be accurately identified with a limited number of variables and that responded differently to randomly-assigned fluid management. These findings support the presence of ARDS subtypes that may require different treatment approaches.
### Instruction: Does a Pleiotropic Missense Variant in SLC39A8 be Associated With Crohn 's Disease and Human Gut Microbiome Composition? ### Response:
Our results suggest that an SLC39A8-dependent shift in the gut microbiome could explain its pleiotropic effects on multiple complex diseases including CD.
### Instruction: Is prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio superior to platelet-lymphocyte ratio for survival in patients who underwent complete resection of thymic carcinoma? ### Response:
The preoperative NLR of >4.1 was significantly associated with larger tumor size, more advanced Masaoka stages and reduced DFS and OS, but was not an independent predictor of survival in thymic carcinoma patients after complete resection.
### Instruction: Does microRNA-21 mediate Angiotensin II-Induced Liver Fibrosis by Activating NLRP3 Inflammasome/IL-1β Axis via Targeting Smad7 and Spry1? ### Response:
Mir-21 mediates AngII-activated NLRP3 inflammasome and resultant HSC activation via targeting Spry1 and Smad7. Ang-(1-7) protected against BDL or AngII infusion-induced hepatic fibrosis and inhibited mir-21 expression. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
### Instruction: Does leukocyte concentration and composition in platelet-rich plasma ( PRP ) influence the growth factor and protease concentrations? ### Response:
These findings demonstrate that leukocytes strongly influence the quality of PRPs. Therefore, modifying the PRP preparation method according to the pathology is essential to achieve better clinical results with PRP therapy.
### Instruction: Is reduction of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in long-term care possible while maintaining patient socialization : A prospective randomized clinical trial? ### Response:
On-site MRSA surveillance with targeted decolonization resulted in a significant decrease in clinical MRSA infection among LTCF residents.
### Instruction: Does hIV Distal Neuropathic Pain be Associated with Smaller Ventral Posterior Cingulate Cortex? ### Response:
The posterior cingulate is thought to be involved in inhibiting the perception of painful stimuli. Mechanistically a smaller posterior cingulate cortex structure may be related to reduced anti-nociception contributing to increased distal neuropathic pain.
### Instruction: Do muscle RING-finger 2 and 3 maintain striated-muscle structure and function? ### Response:
The redundant function of MuRF2 and MuRF3 is important for maintenance of skeletal muscle and cardiac structure and function in vivo.
### Instruction: Does activation of Serotonin 2C Receptors in Dopamine Neurons inhibit Binge-like Eating in Mice? ### Response:
We identified the 5-HT
### Instruction: Does systemic-Pulmonary Shunt facilitate the Growth of the Pulmonary Valve Annulus in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot? ### Response:
SPS facilitates outgrowth of the PVA over somatic growth in patients with TOF. However, preservation of the PVA may not be achieved on staged repair if the initial PVA is too small.
### Instruction: Is diagnostic Ureteroscopy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Independently Associated with Intravesical Recurrence after Radical Nephroureterectomy? ### Response:
Diagnostic ureteroscopy is independently associated with intravesical re¬currence after radical nephroureterectomy.
### Instruction: Is progression of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma driven by alveolar macrophages? ### Response:
Because of the inevitability of failure of targeted therapy in EGFR mutant NSCLC, these data suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting alveolar macrophages in EGFR mutant NSCLC have the potential to mitigate progression and survival in this disease.
### Instruction: Is hyperglycemia associated with increased risk of patient delay in pulmonary tuberculosis in rural areas? ### Response:
Patient delay appears to be a serious problem in this rural area with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. Hyperglycemia is independently associated with an increased probability of patient delay, which, in turn, may result in more serious clinical manifestations.
### Instruction: Is oral decontamination with aminoglycosides associated with lower risk of mortality and infections in high-risk patients colonized with colistin-resistant , KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae? ### Response:
Intestinal decolonization with aminoglycosides is associated with a reduction in crude mortality and KPCKP infections at 180 days after initiating treatment.
### Instruction: Does mST1 coordinately regulate autophagy and apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice? ### Response:
Mst1 knockout restores autophagy and protects against apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, en route to the rescue against DCM.
### Instruction: Does sulforaphane prevent Neuronal Apoptosis and Memory Impairment in Diabetic Rats? ### Response:
SFN could prevent the memory impairment and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in diabetic rat. The possible mechanism was related to the regulation of neurotropic factors and Akt/GSK3β pathway.