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### Instruction: Does n-Acetylcysteine Amide exert Possible Neuroprotective Effects in Newborn Pigs after Perinatal Asphyxia? ### Response:
The reduced levels of the pivotal inflammatory markers IL-1β and TNFα and the transcription factor NF-x03BA;B may indicate that NACA has possible neuroprotective effects after perinatal asphyxia.
### Instruction: Does coaching of patients with an isolated minimally displaced fracture of the radial head immediately increase range of motion? ### Response:
Instruction that stretching exercises are healthy even when painful resulted in immediate improvements in motion. Prospective studies comparing different strategies for coaching patients regarding painful stretches might help clarify the optimal approach.
### Instruction: Do higher HPV16 and HPV18 Penile Viral Loads Are Associated With Decreased Human Papillomavirus Clearance in Uncircumcised Kenyan Men? ### Response:
High versus low HPV viral load was associated with a reduced HPV clearance for HPV16 infections in the glans and shaft, and for HPV18 infections in the glans, among young uncircumcised men. Reduced clearance of high viral load HPV16 and HPV18 infections in men may increase HPV transmission to their female partners as well as enhance the development of penile lesions in comparison to men with low viral load HPV infections.
### Instruction: Is aRT an alternative for restoring occlusoproximal cavities in primary teeth - evidence from an updated systematic review and meta-analysis? ### Response:
ART restorations have similar survival rate compared to conventional treatment and can be considered an option to restore occlusoproximal cavities in primary molars.
### Instruction: Does tERT promoter mutation predict radioiodine refractory in distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer? ### Response:
TERT promoter mutation closely associates with non-RAI-avidity in DM-DTC, and when comparing with BRAF mutation, TERT mutation manifested a worse negative influence on RAI uptake. It could also be used as a predictive marker to early identify refractory to RAI.
### Instruction: Does serum Thyroglobulin Concentration be a Weak Marker of Iodine Status in a Pregnant Population with Iodine Deficiency? ### Response:
Tg cannot be considered as a valid marker of iodine deficiency in pregnancy, at least in a mildly iodine-deficient environment. Further studies in a larger patient cohort with differences in iodine status, as well as studies on Tg changes after improving iodine status in pregnant women, are needed in order to corroborate these results.
### Instruction: Is familiar Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Large Brazilian Family Associated with Succinate Dehydrogenase Defects? ### Response:
Familiar PTC and a GIST were not associated with SDHx mutations; additional genetic defects, yet unknown, may be responsible for the development of tumor.
### Instruction: Does valve interstitial cell tensional homeostasis direct calcification and extracellular matrix remodeling processes via RhoA signaling? ### Response:
Interstitial cell contractility mediates internal stress state and organization of the aortic valve extracellular matrix. Osteogenesis disrupts interstitial cell mechanical phenotype and drives disorganization, nodule formation, and pro-calcific signaling via a RhoA-dependent mechanism.
### Instruction: Does 2-cyclohexylamino-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone inhibit LPS-induced BV2 microglial activation through MAPK/NF-kB signaling pathways? ### Response:
Our findings demonstrate that our newly synthesized compound derived from DMNQ, 2-cyclohexylamino-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (R6), might be a therapeutic agent for the treatment of glia-mediated neuroinflammatory diseases.
### Instruction: Does cLOSING MACULAR hole WITH `` MACULAR PLUG '' WITHOUT GAS TAMPONADE AND POSTOPERATIVE POSTURING? ### Response:
Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with broad ILM peeling, use of ILMR and autologous gluconated blood clumps as a macular plug is effective in achieving satisfactory hole closure with statically significant functional improvement for large Stage 3 and Stage 4 macular holes.
### Instruction: Is palmitate-Induced MMP-9 Expression in the Human Monocytic Cells Mediated through the TLR4-MyD88 Dependent Mechanism? ### Response:
Altogether, these results show that palmitate induces TLR4-dependent activation of MMP-9 gene expression, which requires the recruitment of MyD88 leading to activation of NF-kB/AP-1 transcription factors. Thus, our findings suggest that the palmitate-induced MMP-9 secretion might be an underlying mechanism of its increased levels in obesity and related metabolic inflammation.
### Instruction: Does trans-pQTL study identify immune crosstalk between Parkinson and Alzheimer loci? ### Response:
We find that the rs12456492 PD risk variant affects expression of AD-associated protein CD33 in peripheral monocytes, which suggests that genetic factors for these 2 diseases may converge to influence overlapping innate immune-mediated mechanisms that contribute to neurodegeneration. Furthermore, the effect of the rs12456492(G) PD risk allele on increased CD33 suggests that the inhibition of certain myeloid functions may contribute to PD susceptibility, as is the case for AD.
### Instruction: Does cytosolic phospholipase A2 contribute to innate immune defense against Candida albicans lung infection? ### Response:
The results demonstrate that cPLA2α contributes to immune surveillance and host defense in the lung to prevent infection by the commensal fungus C. albicans and to dampen inflammation.
### Instruction: Is the leishmanicidal activity of oleuropein selectively regulated through inflammation- and oxidative stress-related genes? ### Response:
The ability of Oleuropein to promote a Th1 type immune response in L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice points towards the candidacy of this bioactive compound as an immunomodulatory agent that may complement therapeutic approaches to leishmaniasis.
### Instruction: Does addition of Dexamethasone alter the Bile Acid Composition by Inducing CYP8B1 in Primary Cultures of Human Hepatocytes? ### Response:
Primary human hepatocytes have an increased bile acid synthesis rate when cultured on matrigel as compared to collagen. Exposure to glucocorticoid hormones stimulates the expression of CYP8B1, leading to an increased formation of CA and alteration of the bile acid composition. The effect is most likely mediated through a GR-independent pathway, possibly through ROR α.
### Instruction: Does benzoate fraction from Gentiana rigescens Franch alleviate scopolamine-induced impaired memory in mice model in vivo? ### Response:
n-GS could alleviate impaired memory of the SCO-induced mice model by inhibiting AChE activity and oxidative stress, and regulating the IGF-1R/ERK signaling pathway.
### Instruction: Does silencing Drp1 inhibit glioma cells proliferation and invasion by RHOA/ ROCK1 pathway? ### Response:
Our results demonstrated that silencing DRP1 regulated the cytoskeleton remodeling through inhibiting RHOA/ROCK1 pathway, and thus decreased the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells.
### Instruction: Does specific locations of linear furrow in patients with esophageal eosinophilia? ### Response:
Investigation of these endoscopic characteristics, especially by focusing on linear furrows in esophageal mucosal fold valleys, may provide important clues for more accurate diagnosis of EoE.
### Instruction: Does early remission status predict long-term outcomes in patients with Crohn 's disease treated with certolizumab pegol? ### Response:
In certolizumab pegol-treated patients with CD, ER appears to be an important predictor of long-term clinical remission. Prospective trials are needed to determine whether ER improves other long-term outcomes.
### Instruction: Do distinct resting-state perfusion patterns underlie psychomotor retardation in unipolar vs. bipolar depression? ### Response:
The differences in rCBF and in the localization of the clusters of positive AL/rCBF correlations between BP and UP suggest that different neural impairments may underlie motor symptoms in the two disorders, but finally converge in phenotypically similar manifestations.
### Instruction: Do cpG site methylation in CRYAA promoter affect transcription factor Sp1 binding in human lens epithelial cells? ### Response:
The evidence presented suggests that the methylation of the CpG sites of the CRYAA promotor directly affect Sp1 binding, leading to down expression of CRYAA in human lens epithelial cells. Zebularine treatment could restore CRYAA expression in a dose- dependent and time- dependent pattern.
### Instruction: Does microRNA-34b mediate hippocampal astrocyte apoptosis in a rat model of recurrent seizures? ### Response:
Our findings prove microRNAs play a role in mediating recurrent convulsions-induced astrocyte death and further indicate that miR-34b-5p could acts as a regulator for astrocyte apoptosis induced by recurrent seizures.
### Instruction: Is the POR rs1057868-rs2868177 GC-GT diplotype associated with high tacrolimus concentrations in early post-renal transplant recipients? ### Response:
The CYP3A5*3 and POR rs1057868-rs2868177 GC-GT diplotype accounted for the inter-individual variation of tacrolimus C0D7/D. Genotyping of POR rs1057868-rs2868177 diplotypes would help to differentiate initial tacrolimus dose requirements and to achieve early target C0 ranges in Chinese renal transplant recipients.
### Instruction: Does sweroside ameliorate α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by regulating bile acids and suppressing pro-inflammatory responses? ### Response:
Sweroside attenuates ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by restoring bile acid synthesis and transport to their normal levels, as well as suppressing pro-inflammatory responses.
### Instruction: Is snack intake reduced using an implicit , high-level construal cue? ### Response:
Priming high construal level thinking reduces consumption of high energy dense snacks in the presence of a visual cue-reminder. This may be a practical technique for reducing overeating and has the potential to be extended to other unhealthy behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record
### Instruction: Is pTEN loss associated with a poor response to trastuzumab in HER2-overexpressing gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma? ### Response:
PTEN loss was frequently found in HER2-overexpressing tumors, and was associated with a poor response to trastuzumab-based therapy in patients with GEA.
### Instruction: Does orthogeriatric co-management improve the outcome of long-term care residents with fragility fractures? ### Response:
Despite the generally poor outcomes for fragility fracture patients residing in long-term care facilities, orthogeriatric co-management appears to improve the outcome of high-risk fragility fracture patients. One-year mortality was 29.4 % in this cohort, significantly lower than in comparable trials. Orthogeriatric co-management may also have positive impacts on both functional outcome and the risk of subsequent fractures.
### Instruction: Does lipid Emulsion Formulation of Parenteral Nutrition affect Intestinal Microbiota and Host Responses in Neonatal Piglets? ### Response:
The formulation of parenteral lipid is associated with differences in the gut microbiota and host response of TPN-fed neonatal piglets. Inclusion of ω-3 long-chain PUFAs appears to improve host-microbial interactions at the mucosal surface, although mechanisms are yet to be defined.
### Instruction: Does thrombomodulin enhance complement regulation through strong affinity interactions with factor H and C3b-Factor H complex? ### Response:
TM exhibits significant binding affinity for complement protein FH and C3b-FH complex and its soluble form is capable at physiologically relevant concentrations of inhibiting complement activation in serum.
### Instruction: Do development of myotendinous-like junctions that anchor cardiac valves requires fibromodulin and lumican? ### Response:
The postnatal assembly of the collagen-rich ECM in regions where cardiac valves anchor, that we have designated 'myotendinous-like junctions' (MTLJ) requires the SLRPs FMOD and LUM. Moreover, FMOD and LUM may facilitate mesenchymal cell differentiation in late stages of cardiac valve development. Developmental Dynamics 245:1029-1042, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
### Instruction: Is methylglyoxal associated with changes in kidney function among individuals with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes mellitus? ### Response:
In a population of people with screen-detected Type 2 diabetes, we observed associations between methylglyoxal and markers of renal function: 6-year change in methylglyoxal was inversely associated with 6-year change in eGFR. Also, methylglyoxal at baseline was positively associated with ACR at baseline. Our study lends further support to a role for methylglyoxal in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
### Instruction: Is the induction of CXCR4 expression in human osteoblast-like cells ( MG63 ) by CoCr particles regulated by the PLC-DAG-PKC pathway? ### Response:
The induction of CXCR4-specific mRNA expression in MG63 cells after stimulation with CoCr particles is regulated by the PLC-DAG-PKC pathway and not by the MAPK/ERK pathway. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2016.
### Instruction: Does histological examination confirm clinical clearance of actinic keratoses following treatment with ingenol mebutate 0·05 % gel? ### Response:
Ingenol mebutate achieves histopathological clearance of AKs that correlates with observed clinical clearance. Clinical clearance is a good predictor for histological clearance.
### Instruction: Is acid Sphingomyelinase ( ASM ) a Negative Regulator of Regulatory T Cell ( Treg ) Development? ### Response:
ASM is a negative regulator of natural and iTreg.
### Instruction: Does selective use of the intra-aortic filter in high-risk cardiac surgical patients lead to better postoperative outcomes? ### Response:
The use of the intra-aortic filter reduces postoperative complications after cardiac surgery and should be considered for use in high-risk cases.
### Instruction: Do cUB domain-containing protein 1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor cooperate to induce cell detachment? ### Response:
Together, these results suggest that CDCP1 may facilitate loss of adhesion by promoting activation of EGFR and Src at sites of cell-cell and cell-substratum contact.
### Instruction: Do essential amino acid ratios and mTOR affect lipogenic gene networks and miRNA expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells? ### Response:
The observed up-regulation of lipogenic gene networks and the changes in expression of key miRNA involved in the control of lipogenic balance are indicative of a potentially important role of EAA ratios and mTOR signaling in the regulation of milk fat synthesis.
### Instruction: Does transcription Factor KLF5 bound a Cyclin E1 Polymorphic Intronic Enhancer to Confer Increased Bladder Cancer Risk? ### Response:
A polymorphic KLF5 binding site near the CCNE1 gene explains genetic risk identified through GWAS. Mol Cancer Res; 14(11); 1078-86. ©2016 AACR.
### Instruction: Does cXCL13 inhibit microRNA-23a through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells? ### Response:
CXCL13 inhibits miR-23a expression through modulating PI3K/AKT pathway in AMSCs.
### Instruction: Does a Selective Cell Population From Dermis strengthen Bone Regeneration? ### Response:
Dermal cells are a promising cell population for bone regeneration; unfortunately, the osteogenic potential of unsorted cells was quite low. This study demonstrated that a specific cell population in human dermis-bone morphogenetic protein receptor IB (BmprIB)+ cells-exhibited significantly higher osteogenic potential than unsorted dermal cells by repairing critical-sized calvarial defects in an immunodeficient mouse model. This animal study is an extension of a previous in vitro finding in which BmprIB was proven as a marker for enrichment of osteogenic precursor-like cells in human dermis, indicating that the selective cell population BmprIB from human dermis is a promising osteogenic progenitor cell that can provide a large-quantity and high-quality cell source for bone tissue engineering.
### Instruction: Do smokers exhibit biased neural processing of smoking and affective images? ### Response:
Results suggest that cognitive biases may extend across classes of stimuli among smokers. This raises important questions about the fundamental meaning of cognitive biases, and suggests the need to consider generalized cognitive biases in theories of drug use behavior and interventions based on cognitive bias modification. (PsycINFO Database Record
### Instruction: Are self-reported and automatic cognitions associated with exercise behavior in cancer survivors? ### Response:
Both self-reported cognitions and implicit cognitions may be useful to identify individuals at risk of failing to exercise. Individuals so identified might be provided with a different or more intensive intervention. The data also suggest cognitive targets for intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record
### Instruction: Does global transcriptional analysis suggest Lasiodiplodia theobromae pathogenicity factors involved in modulation of grapevine defensive response? ### Response:
L. theobromae transcriptome was established and validated. Its usefulness was demonstrated through the identification of genes expressed during the infection process. Our results support the hypothesis that heat stress facilitates fungal colonization, because of the fungus ability to use the phenylpropanoid precursors and SA, both compounds known to control host defense.
### Instruction: Are differences in dural penetration of clival chordomas associated with different prognosis and expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β? ### Response:
Clival chordomas have different degrees of dural penetration. Patients with chordomas with serious dural penetration have poorer prognosis. Higher expression of PDGFR-β is related to more serious dural penetration of clival chordomas.
### Instruction: Are copy-number variations enriched for neurodevelopmental genes in children with developmental coordination disorder? ### Response:
These findings suggest that there may be shared susceptibility genes for DCD and other neurodevelopmental disorders and highlight the need for thorough phenotyping when investigating the genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, these data provide compelling evidence supporting a genetic basis for DCD, and further implicate rare CNVs in the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
### Instruction: Do spontaneous ripples in the hippocampus correlate with epileptogenicity and not memory function in patients with refractory epilepsy? ### Response:
Our results suggest that the majority of spontaneous hippocampal ripples, as defined in the present study, may reflect pathological activity, taking into account the association with memory impairment. The absence of negative correlation between memory performance and HFO rates in seizure onset areas could be explained by HFO rates in the SOZ being generally so high that differences between areas with remaining and impaired memory function cannot be seen.
### Instruction: Does mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade improve Insulin Sensitivity in the Rat Heart and a Possible Molecular Mechanism? ### Response:
The above results suggested that aldosterone promoted insulin resistance in the heart and that this effect could be partly reversed by MR blockade through signal transduction in the P38 MAPK pathway and PPARα.
### Instruction: Do birth order and hospitalization for alcohol and narcotics use in Sweden? ### Response:
Later born siblings are more likely to be hospitalized for both alcohol and narcotics use in Sweden. These birth order effects are substantial in size, and larger than the estimated sex differences for the risk of hospitalization related to alcohol and drug use before age 20, and previous estimates for socioeconomic status differences in alcohol and drug abuse.
### Instruction: Is discrete Pathophysiology Uncommon in Patients with Nonspecific Arm Pain? ### Response:
Nonspecific diagnoses are not harmful. Prospective randomized research is merited to determine if nonspecific, descriptive diagnoses are better for patients than specific diagnoses that imply pathophysiology in the absence of discrete verifiable pathophysiology.
### Instruction: States diet quality , risk factors and access to care among low-income uninsured American adults in states expanding Medicaid vs. expanding under the affordable care act? ### Response:
Differences across states in Medicaid coverage under the ACA may lead to widening disparities in health outcomes between expanding and non-expanding states.
### Instruction: Does jAK2 inhibitor combined with DC-activated AFP-specific T-cells enhance antitumor function in a Fas/FasL signal-independent pathway? ### Response:
These results indicate a Fas/FasL-independent pathway for cellular apoptosis in cancer therapies with the treatment of AFP-specific CD8(+) T-cells combined with JAK2 inhibitor.
### Instruction: Does intrathecal synthesis of anti-Hu antibodies distinguish patients with paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy and encephalitis? ### Response:
In conclusion, our results indicate that patients even with one defined antineuronal antibody need to be regarded separately depending on the involved location of the nervous system. We recommend incorporation of anti-Hu analyses in the CSF and calculating the intrathecal synthesis in patients with anti-Hu syndrome.
### Instruction: Is an anterior left ventricular lead position associated with increased mortality and non-response in cardiac resynchronization therapy? ### Response:
An anterior left ventricular lead position is associated with increased all-cause mortality and lower clinical response rate in patients treated with CRT and should be avoided.
### Instruction: Are white matter hyperintensities more highly associated with preclinical Alzheimer 's disease than imaging and cognitive markers of neurodegeneration? ### Response:
WMH volume is more highly associated with preclinical AD than other AD biomarkers.
### Instruction: Are plasma lipoprotein ( a ) levels associated with the severity of coronaryheart disease in Han Chinese people? ### Response:
Our data indicate that Lp(a) might be a useful marker in predicting the severity of coronary heart disease.
### Instruction: Does rectal or intramuscular diclofenac reduce the incidence of pancreatitis afterendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography? ### Response:
Prophylaxis with diclofenac given rectally or intramuscularly is an effective option for the management of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
### Instruction: Is overexpression of β-Catenin and Cyclin D1 Associated with Poor Overall Survival in Patients with Stage IA-IIA Squamous Cell Lung Cancer Irrespective of Adjuvant Chemotherapy? ### Response:
The present study suggests that simultaneous overexpression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 may be associated with poor overall survival irrespective of platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IA-IIA squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
### Instruction: Does dNA hypomethylation of Synapsin II CpG islands associate with increased gene expression in bipolar disorder and major depression? ### Response:
These findings contribute to previous work showing dysregulation of Synapsins, particularly SYN2, in mood disorders and improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that precipitate these changes likely leading to the BD or MDD phenotype.
### Instruction: Does upright posture improve affect and fatigue in people with depressive symptoms? ### Response:
The experiment was only brief and a non-clinical sample was used.
### Instruction: Does simvastatin attenuate Acute Lung Injury Via Regulating Cdc42-PAK4 and Endothelial Microparticles? ### Response:
An increased serous EMP level associated with Cdc42-PAK4 can be deemed as a useful pulmonary injury marker in LPS-treated mice, and our results might be more relevant in guiding the clinical treatment of ALI by intervening Cdc42-PAK4 or EMPs.
### Instruction: Does rpoE promote invasion and intracellular survival by regulating SPI-1 and SPI-2 in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi? ### Response:
RpoE may promote invasion and intracellular survival by regulating the expression of SPI-1 and SPI-2.
### Instruction: Is minor neurological dysfunction in five year old very preterm children associated with lower processing speed? ### Response:
Five year old VP children with c-MND have lower PSQ, slower reaction time, and poorer motor skills, than those without c-MND. Neurological examination should include identification of MND to help identify children at risk for neurocognitive disabilities.
### Instruction: Does engineering high Zn in tomato shoot through expression of AtHMA4 involves tissue-specific modification of endogenous genes? ### Response:
In transgenic tomato plants, the export activity of ectopically expressed AtHMA4 changes the cellular Zn status, which induces coordinated tissue-specific responses of endogenous ethylene-related genes and metal transporters. These changes constitute an important mechanism involved in the generation of the metal-related phenotype of transgenic tomato expressing AtHMA4.
### Instruction: Is recurrent dilatation in resistant benign esophageal strictures : timing significant? ### Response:
Dilatations performed at frequent intervals without waiting for the symptoms of dysphagia can contribute to safer and more effective results in resistant benign esophageal strictures.
### Instruction: Is a persistently low HBV DNA level a predictor of spontaneous HBsAg clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B? ### Response:
These results suggest that a continuously low viral load is the most important factor affecting spontaneous HBsAg seroclearance.
### Instruction: Are verbal memory and search speed in early midlife associated with mortality over 25 years ' follow-up , independently of health status and early life factors : a British birth cohort study? ### Response:
Cognitive capability in early midlife was inversely associated with mortality rates over 25 years and accounted for the associations of family background, childhood cognitive ability and educational attainment with mortality. These findings, in a nationally representative cohort with long-term follow-up, suggest that building cognitive reserve may improve later life health and survival chances.
### Instruction: Is vonoprazan superior to proton pump inhibitors in healing artificial ulcers of the stomach post-endoscopic submucosal dissection : A propensity score-matching analysis? ### Response:
Vonoprazan has a faster post-gastric ESD artificial ulcer contraction rate than esomeprazole. Vonoprazan may supersede PPI in treating post-ESD artificial ulcers of the stomach.
### Instruction: Does hIF-2α Expression regulate Sprout Formation into 3D Fibrin Matrices in Prolonged Hypoxia in Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells? ### Response:
Prolonged culturing of hMVECs at 1% oxygen inhibited endothelial sprouting into fibrin. Two independent mechanisms contribute. Silencing of HIF-2α with si-RNA partially restored the inhibition of endothelial sprouting pointing to a HIF-2α-dependent mechanism. In addition, reduction of uPA contributed to reduced endothelial tube formation in a fibrin matrix during prolonged hypoxia.
### Instruction: Is nR5A1 a novel disease gene for 46 , XX testicular and ovotesticular disorders of sex development? ### Response:
We propose NR5A1, previously associated with 46,XY DSD and 46,XX primary ovarian insufficiency, as a novel gene for 46,XX (ovo)testicular DSD. We hypothesize that p.(Arg92Trp) results in decreased inhibition of the male developmental pathway through downregulation of female antitestis genes, thereby tipping the balance toward testicular differentiation in 46,XX individuals. In conclusion, our study supports a role for NR5A1 in testis differentiation in the XX gonad.Genet Med advance online publication 04 August 2016Genetics in Medicine (2016); doi:10.1038/gim.2016.118.
### Instruction: Does the QuickLine IL-6 lateral flow immunoassay improve the rapid intraoperative diagnosis of suspected periprosthetic joint infections? ### Response:
Taking the limitations of the low sample size as a given this relatively simple point of care (POC) assay showed promising results in our pilot trial and may help diagnosing PJI. It may help physicians and surgeons to choose the best and least invasive treatment strategy for patients presenting with painful arthroplasty.
### Instruction: Does a Randomized Trial of Expanding Choice set to Motivate Advance Directive Completion? ### Response:
These results suggest that although an expanded choice set may initially nudge patients toward completing advance directives without restricting choice, increasing actual completion requires additional interventions that overcome downstream barriers.
### Instruction: Does race predict the development of metastases in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer? ### Response:
The lack of racial differences in the development of metastases and scanning practices observed in this study suggests that, once men have a diagnosis of M0/Mx CRPC, race may not be a prognostic factor. Efforts to understand prostate cancer racial disparities may derive greater benefit by focusing on the risk of developing prostate cancer and on the outcomes of men who have early stage disease. Cancer 2016;122:3848-3855. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
### Instruction: Does dyschloremia be a Risk Factor for the Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients? ### Response:
Dyschloremia is common in critically ill patients, and severe hypochloremia is independently associated with an increased risk of development of acute kidney injury.
### Instruction: Does ginsenoside Rd attenuate DNA Damage by Increasing Expression of DNA Glycosylase Endonuclease VIII-like Proteins after Focal Cerebral Ischemia? ### Response:
Our results indicated that the neuroprotective function of GSRd for acute ischemic stroke might be partially explained by the up-regulation of NEIL1 and NEIL3 expressions.
### Instruction: Is miR-103a targeting Piezo1 involved in acute myocardial infarction through regulating endothelium function? ### Response:
MiR-103a might be a potential biomarker of myocardium infarction and could be used as an index for the diagnosis of AMI. It may be involved in the development of high blood pressure and onset of AMI through regulating the Piezo1 expression.
### Instruction: Does high-Speed Cycling Intervention improve Rate-Dependent Mobility in Older Adults? ### Response:
These results demonstrate that a relatively low dose of speed-based exercise can improve neuromuscular function and tests of mobility in older adults. Such a program serves as a sensible precursor to subsequent, more vigorous training or as an adjunct to a program where a velocity emphasis is lacking.
### Instruction: Does suPAR predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients With Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis? ### Response:
In patients with mild-moderate AS, suPAR is independently associated with the incidence of ICEs, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality.
### Instruction: Is tobacco smoking associated with decreased semen quality? ### Response:
Results demonstrated a decline in semen quality in a dose dependent tobacco smoking manner.
### Instruction: Does bmal1 induce osteoblast differentiation via regulation of BMP2 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells? ### Response:
Taken together, these results demonstrate that Bmal1 promotes osteoblast differentiation by regulating BMP2 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells.
### Instruction: Does adherence to Dietary Recommendations for Food Group Intakes be Low in the Mexican Population? ### Response:
These results reveal the poor dietary quality of the Mexican population and the urgent need to shift these habits. If current intakes continue, the burden of disease due to obesity and noncommunicable chronic diseases will likely remain elevated in the Mexican population.
### Instruction: Is simultaneous CT angiography and whole-body CT an effective imaging approach before multiorgan retrieval? ### Response:
Selection of potential graft donors using whole-body CT is reliable and improves graft selection during MOR.
### Instruction: Does comparative study of the failure rates among 3 implantable defibrillator lead? ### Response:
This study demonstrates a higher failure rate of Linox S/SD high-voltage leads compared to contemporary leads. Although the mechanism of lead failure is unclear, the majority presents with abnormal electrical parameters. Comprehensive monitoring of Linox S/SD high-voltage leads includes remote monitoring to facilitate early detection of lead failure.
### Instruction: Does environment shape the fecal microbiome of invasive carp species? ### Response:
The environment is a dominant factor shaping the fecal bacterial communities of invasive carps. Captivity alters the microbiome community structure relative to wild fish, while species differences are pronounced within habitats. Despite the absence of a true stomach, invasive carp species exhibited a core microbiota that warrants future study.
### Instruction: Does the Decline of Amylase Level of Pancreatic Juice After Pancreaticoduodenectomy predict Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula? ### Response:
Decline of pancreatic amylase level of pancreatic juice can predict POPF after PD.
### Instruction: Is pretreatment quality-of-life score a better discriminator of oesophageal cancer survival than performance status? ### Response:
In patients with Stage II-III oesophageal cancer being considered for curative therapy, pretreatment FACT-E and ECS have better discrimination for survival than does ECOG. The majority of patients were ECOG 0/1. Thus, these patient-derived scores were able to discriminate survivors from non-survivors even within this constrained range of clinician-assigned performance status. This highlights the potential utility of FACT-E and ECS as prognostic tools.
### Instruction: Does algorithmic Approach With Clinical Pathology Consultation improve Access to Specialty Care for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? ### Response:
Clinical pathology intervention and case triaging can improve access to care in a county health care system.
### Instruction: Does use of Estrogen-Containing Contraception be Associated With Increased Concentrations of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D? ### Response:
The increase in 25(OH)D with use of estrogen-containing contraceptives raise mechanistic questions regarding the biological pathways involved, and highlights the need for studies that examine possible endogenous estrogen effects on vitamin D.
### Instruction: Does blood transfusion in preterm infants improve intestinal tissue oxygenation without alteration in blood flow? ### Response:
Pretransfusion baseline splanchnic tissue oximetry and blood flow velocity varied with postnatal age. Blood transfusion improved intestinal tissue oxygenation without altering mesenteric blood flow velocity irrespective of postnatal ages.
### Instruction: Do older people remain on blood pressure agents despite being hypotensive resulting in increased mortality and hospital admission? ### Response:
the results demonstrate that low SBP is associated with adverse events, it is possible that the pursuit of BP control at a population level may lead to over-treatment in certain groups of patients. This may result in an increased incidence of adverse events particularly in older people.
### Instruction: Is decrease of pulmonary blood flow detected by phase contrast MRI correlated with a decrease in lung volume and increase of lung fibrosis area determined by computed tomography in interstitial lung disease? ### Response:
In ILD, reduced pulmonary blood flow is associated with reduced lung volume and increased abnormal lung area.
### Instruction: Does one-stage Revision With Catheter Infusion of Intraarticular Antibiotics Successfully treat Infected THA? ### Response:
Single-stage revision for chronically infected cemented THA and débridement of bone-ingrown cementless THA with late-onset acute infection followed with indwelling catheter antibiotic infusion can result in infection eradication even when resistant organisms are involved. Larger study groups would better assess this technique and prospective comparisons to more traditional one- and two-stage revision techniques for infected THA will likely require multi-institutional approaches.
### Instruction: Is breslow density a novel prognostic feature in cutaneous malignant melanoma? ### Response:
We show a proof of concept that the BD represents a novel morphological prognostic biomarker that is independent of the BT, and that there is potential to combine these into a Breslow score. Larger studies are needed to validate the BD, but the simplicity of this biomarker makes it a strong candidate for translation to clinical practice.
### Instruction: Is survival associated with complete response on MRI after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ER-positive HER2-negative breast cancer? ### Response:
MRI after NAC in ER-positive/HER2-negative tumors may be predictive of recurrence-free survival. A radiological complete response at MRI after NAC is associated with an excellent prognosis.
### Instruction: Does early identification of sepsis in hospital inpatients by ward nurses increase 30-day survival? ### Response:
In a cohort with stable mortality rates, early sepsis recognition by ward nurses may have reduced progression of disease and improved survival for patients in hospital with sepsis.
### Instruction: Does casein glycomacropeptide-derived peptide IPPKKNQDKTE ameliorate high glucose-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells via activation of AMPK signaling? ### Response:
IPPKKNQDKTE prevents high glucose-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells by modulating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through AMPK activation, indicating that IPPKKNQDKTE plays a potential role in the prevention and treatment of hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
### Instruction: Does the early infant gut microbiome vary in association with a maternal high-fat diet? ### Response:
Similar to the primate, independent of maternal body mass index, a maternal high-fat diet is associated with distinct changes in the neonatal gut microbiome at birth which persist through 4-6 weeks of age. Our findings underscore the importance of counseling pregnant mothers on macronutrient consumption during pregnancy and lactation.
### Instruction: Does cholesterol efflux capacity of high-density lipoprotein correlate with survival and allograft vasculopathy in cardiac transplant recipients? ### Response:
Reduced CEC is associated with disease progression and mortality in CAV patients. These findings suggest the hypothesis that interventions to increase CEC may be useful in cardiac transplant patients for prevention or treatment of CAV.
### Instruction: Does exenatide induce Impairment of Autophagy Flux to Damage Rat Pancreas? ### Response:
Exenatide can activate and upregulate its receptor, GLP-1R, then impair autophagy flux and activate apoptosis in the pancreatic acinar cell, thus damaging rat pancreas.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.
### Instruction: Does an integrated community TB-HIV adherence model provide an alternative to DOT for tuberculosis patients in Cape Town? ### Response:
Weekly community-based adherence support was a viable alternative to daily DOT, with no deterioration in anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes and an increase in ART initiation.
### Instruction: Does next-generation sequencing survey of biliary tract cancer reveal the association between tumor somatic variants and chemotherapy resistance? ### Response:
In the largest exploratory analysis of this kind for BTC, 3 prevalent, mutually exclusive mutations represent distinct patient cohorts. These mutations are prognostic and may represent a predictive biomarker for a GP response. Prospective studies to validate these findings are needed, and they should include the incorporation of therapies that exploit the genomic instability observed with these mutations in BTC. Cancer 2016;122:3657-66. © 2016 American Cancer Society.