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Question: Fossils of clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains. Which of these statements best explains why the clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains? Answer: The mountain range was once under water.
Question: When a formula unit of magnesium sulfide, MgS, is separated into magnesium and sulfur particles, the particles are called Answer: ions.
Question: Which action is an example of an exothermic process? Answer: making ice cubes
Question: Which best explains why some reptiles and amphibians lay an abundance of eggs? Answer: It increases the chance of some eggs surviving to hatch.
Question: Which is the best example of recycling? Answer: using aluminum cans to make new products
Question: When two objects are touching, heat is transferred from the warmer object to the cooler one by Answer: conduction.
Question: Genes code for specifically structured Answer: proteins.
Question: What is the repeating monomer of a DNA molecule? Answer: nucleotide
Question: The range of all forms of radiant energy is called the Answer: electromagnetic spectrum.
Question: Which of the following is one reason that quartz is classified as a mineral? Answer: It has a specific crystal structure.
Question: Which of the following activities is the best example of instinctive behavior in an animal? Answer: A newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean.
Question: If wolves prey on deer for food, what will most likely happen to the deer population if wolves are removed from an area where deer live? Answer: The population of deer will increase.
Question: Which is a feedback mechanism the human body uses to maintain homeostasis? Answer: perspiring to lower the body temperature
Question: Changes to Earth's surface can happen slowly or quickly. Which of these changes happens the most quickly? Answer: a storm moving a sandbar
Question: What event happens in a daily cycle? Answer: high and low tides
Question: The burning of fossil fuels has added pollutants that contain sulfur atoms to the air. These pollutants have contributed to which of the following? Answer: acid rain
Question: A scientist was examining a large boulder that was covered with lichens (a combination of fungi and algae). He chipped a piece of the rock and placed it under a microscope. He observed that the surface of the rock was breaking down underneath the lichen. Which was the scientist most likely observing? Answer: the effects of chemical weathering
Question: Which organism belongs in the kingdom Protista? Answer: paramecium
Question: How is the structure of an atom best described? Answer: a positive core surrounded by mostly empty space
Question: What do producers need to make food? Answer: sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
Question: Fish can live in lakes that are frozen because liquid water remains below the ice at the surface. Which of these describes a property of water that allows some liquid water to remain in frozen lakes? Answer: Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
Question: A certain disease of the spinal cord can be passed on from a dog to its offspring. This disease can result in the dog's muscles becoming weak, leading to paralysis. This is an example of Answer: an inherited disease.
Question: Paula determines a property of a marble using a balance and a graduated cylinder. What property is Paula most likely determining by using both tools? Answer: density
Question: Why do satellites and spacecraft launched from Earth need to reach a specific speed to escape Earth's surface? Answer: to overcome Earth's gravitational force
Question: Which of these is a nonliving part of a forest? Answer: Soil
Question: Which change increases the rate of a chemical reaction? Answer: increasing the reaction temperature
Question: Which characteristic is found ONLY in mammals? Answer: glands that make milk
Question: The relationship between an owl and a mouse is a Answer: predator-prey relationship.
Question: The heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries make up which organ system? Answer: circulatory
Question: Some kinds of fish live most of their lives in salt water but lay their eggs in freshwater. Their ability to survive in different environments is an example of Answer: adaptation
Question: Which of the following statements applies to all states of matter? Answer: Matter is made up of particles called atoms.
Question: Which process in the water cycle returns water from the surface of Earth to the atmosphere? Answer: evaporation
Question: Which of the following organisms have the greatest effect on an ecosystem because of the changes they make to their environment? Answer: beavers building a dam across a stream
Question: Which inventor had the greatest impact on the development of artificial light? Answer: Thomas Edison
Question: Mounds and ridges in the Snake Range area of Nevada are composed of boulders, sand, and gravel. These landforms were most likely formed by Answer: melting glaciers.
Question: Noah studied different systems in the human body. Which best describes a function of veins in the circulatory system? Answer: carrying blood from the body to the heart
Question: A genetic mutation has caused the fur color of field mice to contrast with their environment. This type of mutation will most likely Answer: harm the mice.
Question: Ella has several wooden blocks. When Ella holds the blocks in her hand, she feels that they are rough. Which term best describes what Ella feels? Answer: an observation
Question: Which is most likely a cancer treatment? Answer: a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells
Question: What happens to the physical state of water when it freezes? Answer: expands
Question: When electric current flows through the metal filament of a light bulb, electrical energy is converted to Answer: heat and light energy.
Question: At night, the Moon is the brightest object in the sky. Where does the Moon's light come from? Answer: The Moon reflects light from the Sun.
Question: Strong winds have the ability to uproot large trees in a wooded area. Which of these organisms would most likely benefit from this change in a habitat? Answer: a plant that needs sunlight to grow
Question: Residential construction is expanding in Florida. The expansion has caused fragmentation of habitats. One of the results of the increased construction is a decrease in the number of large predators such as the coyote, black bear, and panther. Which will be the most immediate local result of this fragmentation? Answer: increase in population of prey species
Question: Which of these resources is renewable? Answer: wind
Question: Which property of air does a barometer measure? Answer: pressure
Question: Which measurement represents the mass of an object? Answer: 35 grams
Question: The primary function of insulin in our bodies is to Answer: regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.
Question: Which type of organism is the best at fixing nitrogen? Answer: bacteria
Question: A scientist studies how weathering and erosion can change the shape of a mountain. The scientist needs to collect information over what period of time to gather the most accurate information? Answer: years
Question: Many types of organisms live in a meadow. With the introduction of a large, swift-moving predator into the meadow ecosystem, which group of organisms will MOST likely have an advantage of surviving and reproducing? Answer: rabbits that can run the fastest
Question: The systems of the human body work together. Which system works with the skeletal system by pulling on the bones to create movement? Answer: muscular
Question: Scientists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey sealed water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen in a flask, to simulate Earth's early environment. They exposed the chemicals to electric charges to simulate lighting. What did the process produce? Answer: amino acids
Question: Many birds fly south for the winter. This adaptation is called Answer: migration
Question: Air is made up of many gases. Which gas is found in the greatest amount? Answer: Nitrogen
Question: Biotic forces can cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which is the best example of living organisms causing weathering? Answer: Tree seedlings growing and forming cracks in rocks.
Question: The digestion process begins in which of the following? Answer: mouth
Question: Certain fossils can be used to help determine the age of the rock layer in which the fossils are found. Which type of fossil is best to use when making this determination? Answer: index fossil
Question: In pea plants, tall is dominant over short. What size pea plants will result when a pure tall plant is crossed with a pure short plant? Answer: tall plants
Question: One way animals usually respond to a sudden drop in temperature is by Answer: shivering
Question: The continental crust floats on top of the mantle because the crust is Answer: less dense than the mantle.
Question: Joanne wants to investigate factors that affect different patterns of the flight of bees. Which step in the scientific method must she follow before forming a hypothesis? Answer: gather information about flight patterns
Question: Which set contains kingdoms that contain only heterotrophs? Answer: Animals, Fungi
Question: Chromosomes contain the genetic information of an organism. Fruit flies reproduce by sexual reproduction. Most of the cells of a fruit fly have 8 chromosomes. Which statement best explains the source of the chromosomes in a normal fertilized fruit fly egg? Answer: The sperm cell provides 4 chromosomes and the egg cell provides 4 chromosomes.
Question: Which weather instrument measures air pressure? Answer: barometer
Question: A volcano under the ocean slowly releases lava over time. As the lava is released, it cools and hardens on the ocean floor. Which feature will most likely form from the release and cooling of the lava on the ocean floor over time? Answer: an island
Question: The main function of a duck's webbed feet is to help the duck Answer: swim in water
Question: Which is a quick process that can form new land near an ocean? Answer: volcano erupting
Question: Which of these features of Earth's crust are caused by the shifting of tectonic plates? Answer: mid-ocean ridges
Question: Which of the following helps the leaves break down after they have fallen off the tree? Answer: decomposers
Question: Where are proteins synthesized? Answer: ribosomes
Question: When compared to current average conditions, which term would best describe conditions in Earth's lower atmosphere if greenhouse gases were absent? Answer: cooler
Question: Plumes of water vapor have been observed rising from the southern polar region of Enceladus, one of the moons of Saturn. A team of scientists proposed an explanation for the plumes and developed a model. They also published calculations based on their model. These calculations would most likely be used for which purpose in future research? Answer: evaluating similar events
Question: If water gets into the crack of a rock and then freezes, the rock will MOST likely Answer: break apart
Question: Which organisms form the base of all ecosystems? Answer: producers
Question: Martin is writing a report for science class about how the tilt of Earth affects living organisms. Which subject should Martin include in his report that is directly affected by Earth's tilt? Answer: changing of the seasons
Question: In what way do transit systems, such as buses, benefit society? Answer: by reducing the amount of pollution
Question: Increased nutrient levels in lakes can cause ecological changes that result in the death of many fish. At what point in the hydrological cycle are most nutrients deposited into lakes? Answer: runoff
Question: Which of these cell parts contain instructions for the passage of traits from one generation to the next? Answer: chromosomes
Question: Which action causes a chemical change? Answer: leaves being burned in a fire
Question: Which type of organism would most likely benefit directly from increased levels of CO_{2}? Answer: tree
Question: When the lighted half of the Moon faces the Sun and the dark half faces Earth, the phase of the Moon viewed from Earth is called the Answer: new moon.
Question: The flower petals of a hydrangea plant change color as the acidity of the soil changes. The color changes are directly related to which factor? Answer: environmental conditions
Question: What is significant about the discovery of water on Mars? Answer: It provides evidence there may be life on Mars.
Question: A teacher places an item in a box. The item takes the shape of the entire container. This item is most likely Answer: air.
Question: In New York State, the shortest period of daylight occurs during which month? Answer: December
Question: During which of the processes below does water vapor change to liquid water? Answer: condensation
Question: Which technological advancement has done the most to improve the accuracy of weather predictions? Answer: satellites
Question: An important rule for students to know when heating a test tube is to Answer: point the mouth of the test tube away from others.
Question: How would a drought most likely affect the plants of a grassy plain? Answer: There would be shorter plants.
Question: The brain and spinal cord are parts of which body system? Answer: nervous
Question: Chromosome mutations involve the deletion or duplication of many genes. The effects of chromosome mutations are often much greater than mutations within a single gene, because chromosome mutations Answer: can cause abnormal development of the offspring.
Question: What will most likely result when the jet stream moves south of North Carolina? Answer: North Carolina will experience cold weather.
Question: Estuaries in Florida often have mangrove trees growing in them. The roots of the mangrove trees slow the flow of the water, which allows soil particles to settle. If people were allowed to remove the mangrove trees, how would the estuary environment most likely be affected? Answer: The amounts of nutrients in the water would decrease.
Question: Which sense can be used to determine an object's ability to reflect light? Answer: sight
Question: The North America Nebula is named for its similarity in shape to the North American continent. It was discovered within the Milky Way by astronomer William Herschel in 1790. What was Mr. Herschel most likely observing? Answer: a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust where stars are born
Question: Which animals are most likely to carry the seeds found in berries from the parent plant to another area? Answer: birds
Question: All rocks are composed of Answer: minerals
Question: In some dry areas, large amounts of water have been pumped from underground sources where water has been naturally stored for thousands of years. If the water is not replaced, what type of land feature is most likely to result? Answer: desert
Question: Which scientist studied biology by traveling by ship to different islands observing animal life, and developed a hypothesis about how species change? Answer: Charles Darwin