text
stringlengths
47
621
Question: What happens to water molecules during the boiling process? Answer: They move faster and move farther apart as they absorb heat.
Question: Evidence suggests that there is a relationship between ancient dinosaurs and modern birds. Through time, each occurrence of a new trait most likely resulted from which of the following? Answer: mutation of genes
Question: Which of the following can cause erosion? Answer: flowing water
Question: Living things are classified as producers or consumers according to Answer: how they obtain food
Question: A hydrologist studies the location, movement, and quality of water. A hydrologist recognizes the importance that water exists as ___. Answer: a solid, a liquid, and a gas (vapor)
Question: Which of these can be recycled in an attempt to conserve resources? Answer: aluminum
Question: This in turn causes the average temperature on Earth to rise. Which of the following observations supports that theory? Answer: Carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere absorbs and re-emits heat radiated from Earth's surface.
Question: Which of these can be mined from Earth and used as an energy source? Answer: Coal
Question: Which tool is used to determine how long it takes warm water to melt an ice cube? Answer: a stopwatch
Question: Two scientists doing the same experiment got different results. Which would be the best way to figure out which result might be correct? Answer: More scientists should do the experiment.
Question: A lipid bilayer allows certain molecules to pass through and blocks other molecules. Which structure is most often protected by a lipid bilayer? Answer: cell
Question: Traits are transferred from generation to generation through the Answer: sperm and the egg
Question: Many scientists theorize that global warming will melt the polar ice caps. What would most likely happen if the polar ice caps melted? Answer: Ocean levels would increase.
Question: Which of the following groups of organisms uses sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen? Answer: producers
Question: What is the first step in designing a product? Answer: identify the need or want
Question: Solids that are combined together and maintain their physical properties are best labeled as a Answer: mixture.
Question: A group of vertebrates has lungs, a body covered with scales, internal fertilization, and amniotic eggs. Which group of vertebrates does this describe? Answer: reptiles
Question: The brain, spinal cord, and nerves are organs that perform which primary function? Answer: conducting messages to coordinate body functions
Question: Mammals must eliminate waste products that their bodies produce. Which organ helps mammals eliminate bodily waste? Answer: kidney
Question: A pot is heated on a stove. Which process causes the metal handle of the pot to also become hot? Answer: conduction
Question: In making a pizza, which process involves a chemical change? Answer: baking the dough to form the crust
Question: Base your answers on the information below. One hot, summer day it rained very heavily. After the rain, a plastic pan on a picnic table had 2 cm of rainwater in it. Four hours later, all the rainwater in the pan was gone. Which process caused the rainwater in the pan to disappear as it sat outside in the hot air? Answer: evaporation
Question: Which process must occur for clouds to form? Answer: condensation
Question: In 1918, an outbreak of influenza infected 500,000 people all over the world. Tens of millions of those infected died. In 1994, an outbreak of pneumonic plague spread quickly through the city of Surat in India, killing 52 people. Which statement best describes the two events? Answer: The influenza outbreak was a pandemic. The plague outbreak was an epidemic.
Question: On the periodic table, the elements in group 18 (8A) (helium, neon, argon, etc.) are grouped together because Answer: they have full outer electron shells.
Question: Which of the following is a consumer? Answer: rabbit
Question: Which statement explains why light from the Sun can warm up water in a glass? Answer: Water absorbs light energy.
Question: Which characteristic is an example of learned behavior? Answer: a dog scratching at a door to go out
Question: Which of these is a negative effect associated with some types of new technology? Answer: decreased physical activity
Question: What is the main source of energy for the water cycle? Answer: sunlight
Question: Sharpening a pencil and tearing paper are examples of physical changes. Which statement describes why these are physical changes? Answer: There is a change in the appearance of the objects.
Question: Air in the atmosphere is heated unevenly by the sun, causing Answer: wind patterns.
Question: Which sense is used to determine an object's texture? Answer: touch
Question: Which statement describes a method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants? Answer: Seeds are produced from the flower of the plant.
Question: Campers shouted toward a canyon wall. What characteristic of sound best explains why the campers heard an echo? Answer: Sound waves reflected off the canyon wall.
Question: A recent scientific study funded by a medical corporation concluded that its product is not as harmful as consumers have reported. Identify a possible problem with this study. Answer: The results of the study may be influenced by bias.
Question: Nerve cells transmitting messages to the body best demonstrate which primary function? Answer: the transfer of energy
Question: A drinking water reservoir for a small town develops a blue-green algae bloom. The town hires a company to eliminate the problem. Which of the following should the company investigate first as a likely source of the problem? Answer: a neighborhood where lawn chemicals are used
Question: What travels through the stem of a plant? Answer: water and food
Question: Which of these is an inherited behavior? Answer: a spider spinning a web
Question: In 1987, a supernova was detected in the Large Magellanic Cloud galaxy, which is approximately 169,000 light years from Earth. Which event produces a supernova? Answer: the explosion of a massive star
Question: Extinction of a species is most likely to occur as a result of Answer: environmental changes
Question: When water vapor rises and cools, the liquid water in the air comes together forming Answer: clouds.
Question: Which of the following allows materials to enter and leave a cell? Answer: cell membrane
Question: Sandy and Keith plan to move a 6-kilogram block. If they wanted to calculate the mechanical energy required to move the block, what units would they use to report their answer? Answer: joules
Question: DNA stores the genetic instructions transferred from one generation to the next. What is DNA? Answer: a molecule
Question: Which list is correctly ordered from smallest to largest? Answer: Organism, population, community, ecosystem
Question: Which of the following has the greatest effect on the ability of soil to hold water? Answer: the size of the soil particles
Question: The Water Quality Act of 1987 required the development of standards that would prevent toxic pollutants from reaching dangerous levels in bodies of water. This act affected the amounts of toxic chemicals that could be discharged into bodies of water. Which of the following would have been most regulated by this act? Answer: paper mills
Question: Which element is necessary for the formation of coal? Answer: decaying vegetation
Question: Some ancient Greeks tried to discover the laws of the universe through thought and logic. Which part of the scientific process were these scientists missing? Answer: experiment
Question: Which best describes a characteristic of the jet stream? Answer: It forms a boundary between a cold air mass and a warm air mass.
Question: Single-celled organisms can reproduce and create cells exactly like themselves without combining genes from two different parent cells. When they do this, they use a type of Answer: asexual reproduction.
Question: Most stars are similar to each other in Answer: composition.
Question: Which BEST explains why green marine algae are most often restricted to the top 100 meters of the ocean? Answer: They can live only where there is light.
Question: Which of these locations in the solar system contains the most asteroids? Answer: between Mars and Jupiter
Question: The body is able to detect pressure on its surface by which direct means? Answer: signaling by sensory neurons
Question: Which of these is an organism that is unicellular? Answer: amoeba
Question: Mark wants to make lemonade for his friends. He uses water, lemon juice, and sugar. Which of these best describes the lemonade? Answer: a mixture
Question: Sandra puts some pill bugs into an open box. She covers half the box with a piece of cardboard. She then places the box outside on a summer day, and all the pill bugs move under the cardboard. The pill bugs are most likely responding to which of the following? Answer: bright light
Question: During science class, students combined 1 kg of iron filings with 1 kg of sand to create a mixture. Which of the following methods would be best for separating the iron filings from the sand? Answer: Drag a magnet through the mixture to attract the iron filings.
Question: Which is the thickest layer of Earth? Answer: mantle
Question: Wind can cause erosion that changes the surface of the Earth. Wind erosion can have negative effects on the environment by removing soil and polluting the air during dust storms. Which of the following land forms are created by wind erosion? Answer: sand dunes and arches
Question: Deer eat different types of plants in an ecosystem. Which method would best show the percentages of the plant types in the deer diet? Answer: pie chart
Question: How does a human body get energy? Answer: Food and oxygen combine to deliver energy.
Question: Some birds fly south before winter each year. This is an example of Answer: migration
Question: Which system supports the body, protects internal organs, and makes blood cells? Answer: skeletal system
Question: The smallest particle of an element is Answer: an atom.
Question: A student is writing a report on volcanoes. What should the student include to best help explain how a volcano works? Answer: a diagram showing the structure of a volcano
Question: Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of science. A baseball strikes the roof of a car and dents it. The paint on the roof begins to crack and chip, exposing the metal. The exposed metal on the roof rusts, eventually causing a small hole in the roof. Which event is a chemical change? Answer: The exposed metal rusts.
Question: Which energy resource is renewable? Answer: wind
Question: Which energy conversion process occurs whenever coal is burned? Answer: chemical to thermal
Question: Claudia's teacher places a photograph of an organism on the board. He asks Claudia to determine if the organism is a plant or an animal. The answer to which question will best help Claudia determine if the organism is a plant or an animal? Answer: Does the organism make its own food?
Question: Based on analysis of deep ice cores from the Arctic, scientists theorize that early humans caused air pollution. These scientists can make sure their data is correct by Answer: analyzing more than one ice core.
Question: When a volcano erupts, dust and ash are blown into the atmosphere. The eruption directly reduces the transfer of energy from Answer: the Sun to plants.
Question: Which change would most likely cause deer to die or leave a woodland? Answer: a forest fire
Question: A student observes a glowing band across the night sky. This glowing band is most likely Answer: a partial view of the Milky Way galaxy.
Question: What is the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element? Answer: an atom
Question: The longitude of a location determines which time zone it is in. Different time zones are the result of Answer: Earth's rotation
Question: Which of these structures form when materials are deposited, buried, and cemented? Answer: sedimentary rocks
Question: Earth is made of different layers that have varying characteristics. Which is the thickest layer? Answer: the mantle
Question: Which are examples of inherited traits? Answer: nose shape
Question: An object has a weight of 10 kg on the surface of Earth. If the same object were transported to the surface of Mars, the object would have a weight of 3.8 kg. Which best explains why the weight of the object changed when transported from Earth to Mars? Answer: Gravitational force is greater on Earth than it is on Mars.
Question: Which characteristic can a puppy inherit from its parents? Answer: spotted fur
Question: According to Darwin's theory of evolution, the variations among finches that he observed in the Galapagos Islands resulted from Answer: natural selection.
Question: Jennifer has collected rocks while hiking. As she attempts to classify her rocks, which will she put in the pile of sedimentary rocks? Answer: Rocks with visible pieces of shells in them
Question: Which form of energy is found in food? Answer: chemical
Question: The Sun is a medium-sized star and is expected to continue to perform nuclear fusion for five billion years. What is most likely to be the final stage of the Sun? Answer: white dwarf
Question: Which statement is the best description of the Milky Way galaxy? Answer: a group of stars, dust, and planets held together by gravity
Question: When specific hormones are present in the blood of a hen, an egg is released from an ovary. Which two systems are involved with the release of an egg? Answer: endocrine and reproductive systems
Question: Fossil records indicate that Earth was first inhabited by bacteria-like organisms. These organisms Answer: were single-celled.
Question: Onions can reproduce from bulbs. One parent bulb generates daughter bulbs with duplicate genetic information. Which is the most likely advantage of this kind of reproduction? Answer: Large quantities of individuals can be produced rapidly.
Question: Which action involving a pulley system requires the least amount of force? Answer: using several pulleys together instead of a single pulley
Question: In which environment would a white rabbit be best protected from predators? Answer: a snowy field
Question: Which form of energy is needed to change water from a liquid to a gas? Answer: heat
Question: Which of these is a function of a leaf? Answer: Converting solar energy into sugar
Question: Which of these is most likely to be spread when two people drink from the same water bottle? Answer: strep throat
Question: The sum of all chemical reactions in the human body is known as Answer: metabolism
Question: The water contained in a geyser system gains energy from the underground material surrounding it. The water molecules gain kinetic energy and this results in an increase in the pressure of the water. Eventually the geyser erupts and expels water into the air above ground. Which of the following types of energy is the source for the initial energy gain of the water? Answer: thermal
Question: In a laboratory activity, four different types of rock were placed in identical acid solutions for one week. Each sample was then measured to see if any of the rock mass was dissolved by the acid solution. Which is the dependent (responding) variable in this activity? Answer: the amount of dissolved rock