Datasets:
vgainullin
/
xciting_data

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
paragraph_index
int64
sec
string
p_has_citation
int64
cites
string
citeids
list
pmid
int64
cited_id
string
sentences
string
all_sent_cites
list
sent_len
int64
sentence_batch_index
int64
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float64
qc_fail
bool
cited_sentence
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cites_in_sentence
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cln_sentence
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__index_level_0__
int64
6
INTRODUCTION
1
14
[ "B16", "B17", "B14", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B18", "B17" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
Furthermore, the X-ray structure of the adenine-sensing riboswitch bound to adenine revealed five well-defined Mg2+-binding sites (14) whereas 11 bound Co(NH3)63+-ions were found in the X-ray structure of the guanine-sensing riboswitch in complex with hypoxanthine (13).
[ "16", "17", "14", "13", "14", "15", "18", "17" ]
270
10,500
1
false
Furthermore, the X-ray structure of the adenine-sensing riboswitch bound to adenine revealed five well-defined Mg2+-binding sites whereas 11 bound Co(NH3)63+-ions were found in the X-ray structure of the guanine-sensing riboswitch in complex with hypoxanthine.
[ "14", "13" ]
Furthermore, the X-ray structure of the adenine-sensing riboswitch bound to adenine revealed five well-defined Mg2+-binding sites whereas 11 bound Co(NH3)63+-ions were found in the X-ray structure of the guanine-sensing riboswitch in complex with hypoxanthine.
true
true
true
true
true
1,674
6
INTRODUCTION
1
16
[ "B16", "B17", "B14", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B18", "B17" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
In contrast, NMR studies found ligand binding to be independent of the presence of Mg2+ for both the adenine and the guanine-sensing riboswitch (14,15).
[ "16", "17", "14", "13", "14", "15", "18", "17" ]
152
10,501
0
false
In contrast, NMR studies found ligand binding to be independent of the presence of Mg2+ for both the adenine and the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "14,15" ]
In contrast, NMR studies found ligand binding to be independent of the presence of Mg2+ for both the adenine and the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,674
6
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B16", "B17", "B14", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B18", "B17" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
In addition, in the xpt–pbuX guanine-sensing riboswitch from B. subtilis the loop–loop interaction between loops 2 and 3 is preformed in the free form of the riboswitch and becomes strengthened in the presence of Mg2+ but is stable enough to exist even outside the context of the riboswitch (18).
[ "16", "17", "14", "13", "14", "15", "18", "17" ]
296
10,502
1
false
In addition, in the xpt–pbuX guanine-sensing riboswitch from B. subtilis the loop–loop interaction between loops 2 and 3 is preformed in the free form of the riboswitch and becomes strengthened in the presence of Mg2+ but is stable enough to exist even outside the context of the riboswitch.
[ "18" ]
In addition, in the xpt–pbuX guanine-sensing riboswitch from B. subtilis the loop–loop interaction between loops 2 and 3 is preformed in the free form of the riboswitch and becomes strengthened in the presence of Mg2+ but is stable enough to exist even outside the context of the riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,674
6
INTRODUCTION
1
17
[ "B16", "B17", "B14", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B18", "B17" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
Given the high degree of sequence identity between the guanine- and adenine-sensing riboswitch (Figure 1A) the requirement for Mg2+ for the formation of the loop–loop interactions in the adenine-sensing riboswitch as reported in the FRET studies (17) is surprising.
[ "16", "17", "14", "13", "14", "15", "18", "17" ]
265
10,503
1
false
Given the high degree of sequence identity between the guanine- and adenine-sensing riboswitch (Figure 1A) the requirement for Mg2+ for the formation of the loop–loop interactions in the adenine-sensing riboswitch as reported in the FRET studies is surprising.
[ "17" ]
Given the high degree of sequence identity between the guanine- and adenine-sensing riboswitch the requirement for Mg2+ for the formation of the loop–loop interactions in the adenine-sensing riboswitch as reported in the FRET studies is surprising.
true
true
true
true
true
1,674
7
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
Specifically, with respect to the loop sequences the guanine- and the adenine–sensing riboswitch differ only at the position 32 (Figure 1A) in loop 2.
[ "13", "14" ]
150
10,504
0
false
Specifically, with respect to the loop sequences the guanine- and the adenine–sensing riboswitch differ only at the position 32 (Figure 1A) in loop 2.
[]
Specifically, with respect to the loop sequences the guanine- and the adenine–sensing riboswitch differ only at the position 32 in loop 2.
true
true
true
true
true
1,675
7
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
At position 32, the guanine-sensing riboswitch bears a guanosine whereas it is an adenosine in the adenine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "13", "14" ]
126
10,505
0
false
At position 32, the guanine-sensing riboswitch bears a guanosine whereas it is an adenosine in the adenine-sensing riboswitch.
[]
At position 32, the guanine-sensing riboswitch bears a guanosine whereas it is an adenosine in the adenine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,675
7
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
The X-ray structures of both riboswitches show that the purine at position 32 stacks between the apical closing base pair of helix II and A33 without making any stabilizing hydrogen bonds and that the residue at position 62 loops out into the solvent (13,14).
[ "13", "14" ]
259
10,506
0
false
The X-ray structures of both riboswitches show that the purine at position 32 stacks between the apical closing base pair of helix II and A33 without making any stabilizing hydrogen bonds and that the residue at position 62 loops out into the solvent.
[ "13,14" ]
The X-ray structures of both riboswitches show that the purine at position 32 stacks between the apical closing base pair of helix II and A33 without making any stabilizing hydrogen bonds and that the residue at position 62 loops out into the solvent.
true
true
true
true
true
1,675
7
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
In addition, there are differences in the closing base pairs of helices II and III in the two riboswitches.
[ "13", "14" ]
107
10,507
0
false
In addition, there are differences in the closing base pairs of helices II and III in the two riboswitches.
[]
In addition, there are differences in the closing base pairs of helices II and III in the two riboswitches.
true
true
true
true
true
1,675
7
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
The base pair adjacent to loop 2 is an asymmetric U:U base pair in the adenine-sensing riboswitch and a Watson–Crick G:C base pair in the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "13", "14" ]
165
10,508
0
false
The base pair adjacent to loop 2 is an asymmetric U:U base pair in the adenine-sensing riboswitch and a Watson–Crick G:C base pair in the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[]
The base pair adjacent to loop 2 is an asymmetric U:U base pair in the adenine-sensing riboswitch and a Watson–Crick G:C base pair in the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,675
7
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
The closing base pair of helix III is a non-canonical A:A base pair in the adenine-sensing riboswitch but a Watson–Crick A:U base pair in the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "13", "14" ]
169
10,509
0
false
The closing base pair of helix III is a non-canonical A:A base pair in the adenine-sensing riboswitch but a Watson–Crick A:U base pair in the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[]
The closing base pair of helix III is a non-canonical A:A base pair in the adenine-sensing riboswitch but a Watson–Crick A:U base pair in the guanine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,675
8
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
The reported discrepancies in the behavior of the closely related adenine- and guanine-sensing riboswitches prompted us to investigate the binding of divalent metal ions to the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch and their influence on ligand-induced RNA folding in solution by high-resolution NMR methods in this study.
null
316
10,510
0
false
null
null
The reported discrepancies in the behavior of the closely related adenine- and guanine-sensing riboswitches prompted us to investigate the binding of divalent metal ions to the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch and their influence on ligand-induced RNA folding in solution by high-resolution NMR methods in this study.
true
true
true
true
true
1,676
0
DISCUSSION
1
37
[ "B37" ]
17,686,787
pmid-9228948
Divalent cation binding plays a prominent role for RNA folding and stabilization.
[ "37" ]
81
10,511
0
false
Divalent cation binding plays a prominent role for RNA folding and stabilization.
[]
Divalent cation binding plays a prominent role for RNA folding and stabilization.
true
true
true
true
true
1,677
0
DISCUSSION
1
37
[ "B37" ]
17,686,787
pmid-9228948
Mg2+-ions in particular are often required for the proper folding of complex RNA structures giving rise to the notion of an Mg2+-ion-core (37) in highly structured globular RNAs in analogy to the hydrophobic core of protein structures.
[ "37" ]
235
10,512
1
false
Mg2+-ions in particular are often required for the proper folding of complex RNA structures giving rise to the notion of an Mg2+-ion-core in highly structured globular RNAs in analogy to the hydrophobic core of protein structures.
[ "37" ]
Mg2+-ions in particular are often required for the proper folding of complex RNA structures giving rise to the notion of an Mg2+-ion-core in highly structured globular RNAs in analogy to the hydrophobic core of protein structures.
true
true
true
true
true
1,677
0
DISCUSSION
1
37
[ "B37" ]
17,686,787
pmid-9228948
The X-ray structures of the aptamer domains of the closely related guanine- and adenine-sensing riboswitches are good examples for such intricate globular RNA structures.
[ "37" ]
170
10,513
0
false
The X-ray structures of the aptamer domains of the closely related guanine- and adenine-sensing riboswitches are good examples for such intricate globular RNA structures.
[]
The X-ray structures of the aptamer domains of the closely related guanine- and adenine-sensing riboswitches are good examples for such intricate globular RNA structures.
true
true
true
true
true
1,677
0
DISCUSSION
1
37
[ "B37" ]
17,686,787
pmid-9228948
Not surprisingly, those structures revealed a number of well-defined binding sites for either hexahydrated Mg2+-ions or its structural analog the Co(NH3)63+-ion.
[ "37" ]
161
10,514
0
false
Not surprisingly, those structures revealed a number of well-defined binding sites for either hexahydrated Mg2+-ions or its structural analog the Co(NH3)63+-ion.
[]
Not surprisingly, those structures revealed a number of well-defined binding sites for either hexahydrated Mg2+-ions or its structural analog the Co63+-ion.
true
true
true
true
true
1,677
0
DISCUSSION
1
37
[ "B37" ]
17,686,787
pmid-9228948
Furthermore, an important role for Mg2+-ions for the folding and ligand binding of the adenine-sensing riboswitch was reported.
[ "37" ]
127
10,515
0
false
Furthermore, an important role for Mg2+-ions for the folding and ligand binding of the adenine-sensing riboswitch was reported.
[]
Furthermore, an important role for Mg2+-ions for the folding and ligand binding of the adenine-sensing riboswitch was reported.
true
true
true
true
true
1,677
0
DISCUSSION
1
37
[ "B37" ]
17,686,787
pmid-9228948
On the other hand, our own NMR investigations of the guanine-sensing riboswitch despite revealing a number of well-defined divalent cation-binding sites in solution showed that Mg2+ binding was not required for ligand binding and that in the free state of the RNA important tertiary interactions were already pre-organiz...
[ "37" ]
352
10,516
0
false
On the other hand, our own NMR investigations of the guanine-sensing riboswitch despite revealing a number of well-defined divalent cation-binding sites in solution showed that Mg2+ binding was not required for ligand binding and that in the free state of the RNA important tertiary interactions were already pre-organiz...
[]
On the other hand, our own NMR investigations of the guanine-sensing riboswitch despite revealing a number of well-defined divalent cation-binding sites in solution showed that Mg2+ binding was not required for ligand binding and that in the free state of the RNA important tertiary interactions were already pre-organiz...
true
true
true
true
true
1,677
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
pmid-15811793|pmid-9751704
Here, we investigated the binding of divalent cations to the aptamer domain of the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch in solution and its importance for ligand binding and folding of this RNA.
null
189
10,517
0
false
null
null
Here, we investigated the binding of divalent cations to the aptamer domain of the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch in solution and its importance for ligand binding and folding of this RNA.
true
true
true
true
true
1,678
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
pmid-15811793|pmid-9751704
We found that although adenine binding to the aptamer domain is independent of the presence of divalent cations there are a number of well-defined binding sites for divalent cations on the adenine–RNA complex in solution.
null
221
10,518
0
false
null
null
We found that although adenine binding to the aptamer domain is independent of the presence of divalent cations there are a number of well-defined binding sites for divalent cations on the adenine–RNA complex in solution.
true
true
true
true
true
1,678
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
pmid-15811793|pmid-9751704
In contrast to the related guanine-sensing riboswitch, the free state of the adenine-sensing riboswitch is conformationally heterogeneous and displays alternative base-pairing patterns detrimental to ligand binding.
null
215
10,519
0
false
null
null
In contrast to the related guanine-sensing riboswitch, the free state of the adenine-sensing riboswitch is conformationally heterogeneous and displays alternative base-pairing patterns detrimental to ligand binding.
true
true
true
true
true
1,678
1
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
pmid-15811793|pmid-9751704
The addition of Mg2+-ions induces the formation of a crucial tertiary interaction, the formation of base-pairing interactions between nucleotides in loops 2 and 3, and in turn destabilizes the alternative base pairs thereby pre-organizing the structure of the RNA for ligand binding.
null
283
10,520
0
false
null
null
The addition of Mg2+-ions induces the formation of a crucial tertiary interaction, the formation of base-pairing interactions between nucleotides in loops 2 and 3, and in turn destabilizes the alternative base pairs thereby pre-organizing the structure of the RNA for ligand binding.
true
true
true
true
true
1,678
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Possible divalent cation-binding sites in solution were identified by using four different techniques: Mg2+-induced CSP, paramagnetic line broadening induced by Mn2+-ions, CSP induced by Co(NH3)63+-ions and intermolecular NOEs between Co(NH3)63+-ions and RNA protons.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
267
10,521
0
false
Possible divalent cation-binding sites in solution were identified by using four different techniques: Mg2+-induced CSP, paramagnetic line broadening induced by Mn2+-ions, CSP induced by Co(NH3)63+-ions and intermolecular NOEs between Co(NH3)63+-ions and RNA protons.
[]
Possible divalent cation-binding sites in solution were identified by using four different techniques: Mg2+-induced CSP, paramagnetic line broadening induced by Mn2+-ions, CSP induced by Co(NH3)63+-ions and intermolecular NOEs between Co(NH3)63+-ions and RNA protons.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Despite differences in their inherent sensitivity these experiments yielded consistent results.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
95
10,522
0
false
Despite differences in their inherent sensitivity these experiments yielded consistent results.
[]
Despite differences in their inherent sensitivity these experiments yielded consistent results.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Three distinct Mg2+-binding sites were identified in all four experiments.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
74
10,523
0
false
Three distinct Mg2+-binding sites were identified in all four experiments.
[]
Three distinct Mg2+-binding sites were identified in all four experiments.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Apparently, in all three binding sites the ion binds through ‘outer shell’ coordination since Mg2+ titrations and Co(NH3)63+-binding experiments show similar effects.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
166
10,524
0
false
Apparently, in all three binding sites the ion binds through ‘outer shell’ coordination since Mg2+ titrations and Co(NH3)63+-binding experiments show similar effects.
[]
Apparently, in all three binding sites the ion binds through ‘outer shell’ coordination since Mg2+ titrations and Co(NH3)63+-binding experiments show similar effects.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Two of those binding sites are also seen in the X-ray structure and were also found in solution for the structurally very similar xpt–pbuX guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
166
10,525
0
false
Two of those binding sites are also seen in the X-ray structure and were also found in solution for the structurally very similar xpt–pbuX guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[]
Two of those binding sites are also seen in the X-ray structure and were also found in solution for the structurally very similar xpt–pbuX guanine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
The third binding site identified in all experiments was not seen in the X-ray structure.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
89
10,526
0
false
The third binding site identified in all experiments was not seen in the X-ray structure.
[]
The third binding site identified in all experiments was not seen in the X-ray structure.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
It is located close to nucleotides involved in tertiary base-pairing interactions between the loops 2 and 3.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
108
10,527
0
false
It is located close to nucleotides involved in tertiary base-pairing interactions between the loops 2 and 3.
[]
It is located close to nucleotides involved in tertiary base-pairing interactions between the loops 2 and 3.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
This is consistent with FRET results showing that Mg2+ binding promotes the formation of this loop–loop interaction already in the absence of ligand (17,38) and with our own results that show Mg2+-dependent formation of the tertiary base-pairing interactions between nucleotides in these two loops.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
298
10,528
0
false
This is consistent with FRET results showing that Mg2+ binding promotes the formation of this loop–loop interaction already in the absence of ligand and with our own results that show Mg2+-dependent formation of the tertiary base-pairing interactions between nucleotides in these two loops.
[ "17,38" ]
This is consistent with FRET results showing that Mg2+ binding promotes the formation of this loop–loop interaction already in the absence of ligand and with our own results that show Mg2+-dependent formation of the tertiary base-pairing interactions between nucleotides in these two loops.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
18
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
A divalent cation-binding site at this position was also identified in solution for the structurally highly similar guanine-sensing riboswitch (18).
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
148
10,529
1
false
A divalent cation-binding site at this position was also identified in solution for the structurally highly similar guanine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "18" ]
A divalent cation-binding site at this position was also identified in solution for the structurally highly similar guanine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
A fourth possible binding site was only identified in the line-broadening experiments with Mn2+ and the Co(NH3)63+-binding experiments.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
135
10,530
0
false
A fourth possible binding site was only identified in the line-broadening experiments with Mn2+ and the Co(NH3)63+-binding experiments.
[]
A fourth possible binding site was only identified in the line-broadening experiments with Mn2+ and the Co(NH3)63+-binding experiments.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Interestingly, this binding site also corresponds to the position of a bound Mg2+-ion in the X-ray structure.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
109
10,531
0
false
Interestingly, this binding site also corresponds to the position of a bound Mg2+-ion in the X-ray structure.
[]
Interestingly, this binding site also corresponds to the position of a bound Mg2+-ion in the X-ray structure.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Probably the affinity of this site is lower and the magnitude of the Mg2+-induced CSP is too small to identify this site in the Mg2+ experiments.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
145
10,532
0
false
Probably the affinity of this site is lower and the magnitude of the Mg2+-induced CSP is too small to identify this site in the Mg2+ experiments.
[]
Probably the affinity of this site is lower and the magnitude of the Mg2+-induced CSP is too small to identify this site in the Mg2+ experiments.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Two Mg2+-binding sites found in the X-ray structure (Mg3 and Mg5) were not found in solution.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
93
10,533
0
false
Two Mg2+-binding sites found in the X-ray structure (Mg3 and Mg5) were not found in solution.
[]
Two Mg2+-binding sites found in the X-ray structure (Mg3 and Mg5) were not found in solution.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
One of those is created by crystal packing interactions (Mg3).
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
62
10,534
0
false
One of those is created by crystal packing interactions (Mg3).
[]
One of those is created by crystal packing interactions (Mg3).
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
14
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
In principle, the failure to detect the Mg2+-binding site corresponding to Mg5 (14) of the X-ray structure might be due to our exclusive use of guanosine and uridine imino groups as probes for metal-induced chemical shift changes.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
230
10,535
1
false
In principle, the failure to detect the Mg2+-binding site corresponding to Mg5 of the X-ray structure might be due to our exclusive use of guanosine and uridine imino groups as probes for metal-induced chemical shift changes.
[ "14" ]
In principle, the failure to detect the Mg2+-binding site corresponding to Mg5 of the X-ray structure might be due to our exclusive use of guanosine and uridine imino groups as probes for metal-induced chemical shift changes.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
This would prevent the detection of metal ion binding in A, C-rich regions of the structure due to the lack of suitable probes.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
127
10,536
0
false
This would prevent the detection of metal ion binding in A, C-rich regions of the structure due to the lack of suitable probes.
[]
This would prevent the detection of metal ion binding in A, C-rich regions of the structure due to the lack of suitable probes.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
However, Mg5 is close in space to the imino groups of U74 and U75.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
66
10,537
0
false
However, Mg5 is close in space to the imino groups of U74 and U75.
[]
However, Mg5 is close in space to the imino groups of U74 and U75.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
2
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B18", "B14" ]
17,686,787
NA|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-17175531|pmid-15610857
Thus, our results suggest that this binding site is apparently not or only rarely occupied by a divalent cation in solution.
[ "17", "38", "18", "14" ]
124
10,538
0
false
Thus, our results suggest that this binding site is apparently not or only rarely occupied by a divalent cation in solution.
[]
Thus, our results suggest that this binding site is apparently not or only rarely occupied by a divalent cation in solution.
true
true
true
true
true
1,679
3
DISCUSSION
1
39
[ "B39", "B40" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16871614|pmid-15862294|pmid-16962976|pmid-16728979|pmid-16675665|pmid-16484375|pmid-16990543|pmid-10373367|pmid-16351072
On the other hand, Co(NH3)63+-ions in solution seem to bind to a site in helix I in an area with a high density of uridine carbonyl groups where neither the X-ray structure nor the Mg2+- and Mn2+-titration experiments showed a binding site.
[ "39", "40" ]
240
10,539
0
false
On the other hand, Co(NH3)63+-ions in solution seem to bind to a site in helix I in an area with a high density of uridine carbonyl groups where neither the X-ray structure nor the Mg2+- and Mn2+-titration experiments showed a binding site.
[]
On the other hand, Co63+-ions in solution seem to bind to a site in helix I in an area with a high density of uridine carbonyl groups where neither the X-ray structure nor the Mg2+- and Mn2+-titration experiments showed a binding site.
true
true
true
true
true
1,680
3
DISCUSSION
1
39
[ "B39", "B40" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16871614|pmid-15862294|pmid-16962976|pmid-16728979|pmid-16675665|pmid-16484375|pmid-16990543|pmid-10373367|pmid-16351072
Due to their higher charge density Co(NH3)63+-ions have an ∼10-fold higher affinity (39) than divalent ions and induce larger CSPs than divalent ions so it seems likely that in this experiment a very weak binding site was detected.
[ "39", "40" ]
231
10,540
1
false
Due to their higher charge density Co(NH3)63+-ions have an ∼10-fold higher affinity than divalent ions and induce larger CSPs than divalent ions so it seems likely that in this experiment a very weak binding site was detected.
[ "39" ]
Due to their higher charge density Co63+-ions have an ∼10-fold higher affinity than divalent ions and induce larger CSPs than divalent ions so it seems likely that in this experiment a very weak binding site was detected.
true
true
true
true
true
1,680
3
DISCUSSION
1
40
[ "B39", "B40" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16871614|pmid-15862294|pmid-16962976|pmid-16728979|pmid-16675665|pmid-16484375|pmid-16990543|pmid-10373367|pmid-16351072
The value of the Co(NH3)63+-ion as a structural mimic of hexahydrated Mg2+-ions has been questioned recently (40).
[ "39", "40" ]
114
10,541
1
false
The value of the Co(NH3)63+-ion as a structural mimic of hexahydrated Mg2+-ions has been questioned recently.
[ "40" ]
The value of the Co(NH3)63+-ion as a structural mimic of hexahydrated Mg2+-ions has been questioned recently.
true
true
true
true
true
1,680
3
DISCUSSION
1
39
[ "B39", "B40" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16871614|pmid-15862294|pmid-16962976|pmid-16728979|pmid-16675665|pmid-16484375|pmid-16990543|pmid-10373367|pmid-16351072
Our results indicate that it is a useful probe as long as ion binding occurs through outer shell coordination but also that exclusive reliance on Co(NH3)63+-ions as a probe might lead to an overestimation of the amount of divalent cation binding.
[ "39", "40" ]
246
10,542
0
false
Our results indicate that it is a useful probe as long as ion binding occurs through outer shell coordination but also that exclusive reliance on Co(NH3)63+-ions as a probe might lead to an overestimation of the amount of divalent cation binding.
[]
Our results indicate that it is a useful probe as long as ion binding occurs through outer shell coordination but also that exclusive reliance on Co63+-ions as a probe might lead to an overestimation of the amount of divalent cation binding.
true
true
true
true
true
1,680
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Whereas Mg2+ binding does not influence the structure of the RNA–ligand complex it has a significant influence on the conformation of the free state of the adenine-sensing riboswitch.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
183
10,543
0
false
Whereas Mg2+ binding does not influence the structure of the RNA–ligand complex it has a significant influence on the conformation of the free state of the adenine-sensing riboswitch.
[]
Whereas Mg2+ binding does not influence the structure of the RNA–ligand complex it has a significant influence on the conformation of the free state of the adenine-sensing riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
In contrast to our findings for the aptamer domain of the closely related guanine-sensing riboswitch in the absence of Mg2+ the free aptamer domain of the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch studied here does not show a pre-organized stable tertiary interaction between the loops 2 and 3.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
284
10,544
0
false
In contrast to our findings for the aptamer domain of the closely related guanine-sensing riboswitch in the absence of Mg2+ the free aptamer domain of the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch studied here does not show a pre-organized stable tertiary interaction between the loops 2 and 3.
[]
In contrast to our findings for the aptamer domain of the closely related guanine-sensing riboswitch in the absence of Mg2+ the free aptamer domain of the pbuE adenine-sensing riboswitch studied here does not show a pre-organized stable tertiary interaction between the loops 2 and 3.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Instead, an alternative base-pairing pattern is observed that most likely involves loop nucleotides and competes with the formation of this loop–loop interaction and ultimately ligand binding.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
192
10,545
0
false
Instead, an alternative base-pairing pattern is observed that most likely involves loop nucleotides and competes with the formation of this loop–loop interaction and ultimately ligand binding.
[]
Instead, an alternative base-pairing pattern is observed that most likely involves loop nucleotides and competes with the formation of this loop–loop interaction and ultimately ligand binding.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Mg2+ promotes the formation of this crucial tertiary interaction and directly induces the formation of base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3 in agreement with the FRET results reported by Lafontaine and co-workers and Micura and coworkers (17,38).
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
256
10,546
0
false
Mg2+ promotes the formation of this crucial tertiary interaction and directly induces the formation of base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3 in agreement with the FRET results reported by Lafontaine and co-workers and Micura and coworkers.
[ "17,38" ]
Mg2+ promotes the formation of this crucial tertiary interaction and directly induces the formation of base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3 in agreement with the FRET results reported by Lafontaine and co-workers and Micura and coworkers.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Therefore, the small sequence differences in the closing base pairs of helix II and III and loop 2 and 3, respectively, between the guanine and the adenine-sensing riboswitch lead to significant differences in the conformation of the free state of the RNA and a different role for Mg2+ in the folding pathway (Figure 7).
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
320
10,547
0
false
Therefore, the small sequence differences in the closing base pairs of helix II and III and loop 2 and 3, respectively, between the guanine and the adenine-sensing riboswitch lead to significant differences in the conformation of the free state of the RNA and a different role for Mg2+ in the folding pathway (Figure 7).
[]
Therefore, the small sequence differences in the closing base pairs of helix II and III and loop 2 and 3, respectively, between the guanine and the adenine-sensing riboswitch lead to significant differences in the conformation of the free state of the RNA and a different role for Mg2+ in the folding pathway.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
The stabilization of the loop–loop interaction through either Mg2+ binding or more stable base-pairing interactions in helix II as found in the majority of the guanine-sensing riboswitches (12,18) and the resulting pre-organization of the RNA fold might actually have important consequences for the kinetics of ligand bi...
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
435
10,548
0
false
The stabilization of the loop–loop interaction through either Mg2+ binding or more stable base-pairing interactions in helix II as found in the majority of the guanine-sensing riboswitches and the resulting pre-organization of the RNA fold might actually have important consequences for the kinetics of ligand binding (k...
[ "12,18" ]
The stabilization of the loop–loop interaction through either Mg2+ binding or more stable base-pairing interactions in helix II as found in the majority of the guanine-sensing riboswitches and the resulting pre-organization of the RNA fold might actually have important consequences for the kinetics of ligand binding (k...
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
41
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
In turn, the ‘on’ rate of ligand binding is important for the proper function of a ‘kinetically’ controlled riboswitch such as the pbuE riboswitch (41).
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
152
10,549
1
false
In turn, the ‘on’ rate of ligand binding is important for the proper function of a ‘kinetically’ controlled riboswitch such as the pbuE riboswitch.
[ "41" ]
In turn, the ‘on’ rate of ligand binding is important for the proper function of a ‘kinetically’ controlled riboswitch such as the pbuE riboswitch.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
38
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
On the other hand, the base pairing is the same in helix II of the add riboswitch from Vibrio vulnificus which appears to be thermodynamically controlled (38).
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
159
10,550
1
false
On the other hand, the base pairing is the same in helix II of the add riboswitch from Vibrio vulnificus which appears to be thermodynamically controlled.
[ "38" ]
On the other hand, the base pairing is the same in helix II of the add riboswitch from Vibrio vulnificus which appears to be thermodynamically controlled.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
42
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
In fact, all the adenine-sensing riboswitches described so far (42) contain either at least one non-canonical base pair or two A:U base pairs as closing base pairs of loop 2.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
174
10,551
1
false
In fact, all the adenine-sensing riboswitches described so far contain either at least one non-canonical base pair or two A:U base pairs as closing base pairs of loop 2.
[ "42" ]
In fact, all the adenine-sensing riboswitches described so far contain either at least one non-canonical base pair or two A:U base pairs as closing base pairs of loop 2.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
In contrast, two Watson–Crick base pairs with either one or even both being a G:C base pair are found at these positions in most of the guanine-sensing riboswitches.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
165
10,552
0
false
In contrast, two Watson–Crick base pairs with either one or even both being a G:C base pair are found at these positions in most of the guanine-sensing riboswitches.
[]
In contrast, two Watson–Crick base pairs with either one or even both being a G:C base pair are found at these positions in most of the guanine-sensing riboswitches.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that the Mg2+ concentration might modulate the effectivity of riboswitch-mediated gene regulation in the case of the adenine-sensing riboswitches.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
185
10,553
0
false
Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that the Mg2+ concentration might modulate the effectivity of riboswitch-mediated gene regulation in the case of the adenine-sensing riboswitches.
[]
Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that the Mg2+ concentration might modulate the effectivity of riboswitch-mediated gene regulation in the case of the adenine-sensing riboswitches.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Figure 7.Cartoon of the folding pathway for the adenine-sensing riboswitch RNA upon adenine and/or Mg2+ binding.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
112
10,554
0
false
Figure 7.Cartoon of the folding pathway for the adenine-sensing riboswitch RNA upon adenine and/or Mg2+ binding.
[]
Figure 7.Cartoon of the folding pathway for the adenine-sensing riboswitch RNA upon adenine and/or Mg2+ binding.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
In the absence of Mg2+ the free form of the RNA is an ensemble of interconverting structures with different interhelical angles.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
128
10,555
0
false
In the absence of Mg2+ the free form of the RNA is an ensemble of interconverting structures with different interhelical angles.
[]
In the absence of Mg2+ the free form of the RNA is an ensemble of interconverting structures with different interhelical angles.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
The core region and the loops L2 and L3 are largely unstructured and partially misfolded.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
89
10,556
0
false
The core region and the loops L2 and L3 are largely unstructured and partially misfolded.
[]
The core region and the loops L2 and L3 are largely unstructured and partially misfolded.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
Adenine binding simultaneously induces the folding of the core region and the formation of the long-range base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
153
10,557
0
false
Adenine binding simultaneously induces the folding of the core region and the formation of the long-range base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3.
[]
Adenine binding simultaneously induces the folding of the core region and the formation of the long-range base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
(B) The presence of Mg2+ induces the formation of the proper long-range base-pairing interactions between loop II and loop III resulting in a conformation partially pre-organized for adenine binding.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
199
10,558
0
false
(B) The presence of Mg2+ induces the formation of the proper long-range base-pairing interactions between loop II and loop III resulting in a conformation partially pre-organized for adenine binding.
[]
(B) The presence of Mg2+ induces the formation of the proper long-range base-pairing interactions between loop II and loop III resulting in a conformation partially pre-organized for adenine binding.
false
false
true
true
false
1,681
4
DISCUSSION
1
17
[ "B17", "B38", "B12", "B18", "B41", "B38", "B42" ]
17,686,787
pmid-12787499|pmid-14718920|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-16931335|pmid-17440909|pmid-14718920|pmid-17175531|pmid-16201765|pmid-17440909|pmid-17200422
The subsequent binding of adenine to the core region yields the fully structured RNA–adenine complex with at least three Mg2+-binding sites.
[ "17", "38", "12", "18", "41", "38", "42" ]
140
10,559
0
false
The subsequent binding of adenine to the core region yields the fully structured RNA–adenine complex with at least three Mg2+-binding sites.
[]
The subsequent binding of adenine to the core region yields the fully structured RNA–adenine complex with at least three Mg2+-binding sites.
true
true
true
true
true
1,681
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
Cartoon of the folding pathway for the adenine-sensing riboswitch RNA upon adenine and/or Mg2+ binding.
null
103
10,560
0
false
null
null
Cartoon of the folding pathway for the adenine-sensing riboswitch RNA upon adenine and/or Mg2+ binding.
true
true
true
true
true
1,682
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
In the absence of Mg2+ the free form of the RNA is an ensemble of interconverting structures with different interhelical angles.
null
128
10,561
0
false
null
null
In the absence of Mg2+ the free form of the RNA is an ensemble of interconverting structures with different interhelical angles.
true
true
true
true
true
1,682
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
The core region and the loops L2 and L3 are largely unstructured and partially misfolded.
null
89
10,562
0
false
null
null
The core region and the loops L2 and L3 are largely unstructured and partially misfolded.
true
true
true
true
true
1,682
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
Adenine binding simultaneously induces the folding of the core region and the formation of the long-range base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3.
null
153
10,563
0
false
null
null
Adenine binding simultaneously induces the folding of the core region and the formation of the long-range base-pairing interactions between loop 2 and 3.
true
true
true
true
true
1,682
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
(B) The presence of Mg2+ induces the formation of the proper long-range base-pairing interactions between loop II and loop III resulting in a conformation partially pre-organized for adenine binding.
null
199
10,564
0
false
null
null
(B) The presence of Mg2+ induces the formation of the proper long-range base-pairing interactions between loop II and loop III resulting in a conformation partially pre-organized for adenine binding.
false
false
true
true
false
1,682
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
17,686,787
null
The subsequent binding of adenine to the core region yields the fully structured RNA–adenine complex with at least three Mg2+-binding sites.
null
140
10,565
0
false
null
null
The subsequent binding of adenine to the core region yields the fully structured RNA–adenine complex with at least three Mg2+-binding sites.
true
true
true
true
true
1,682
6
DISCUSSION
1
42
[ "B42", "B43", "B44" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
The detrimental effect for ligand binding of an alternative long-range base-pairing interaction in the core region of the adenine-sensing riboswitch (G48A) has been shown before (42) and the sequence conservation patterns the different variants suggest that they have evolved in a way to minimize this possibility.
[ "42", "43", "44" ]
314
10,566
1
false
The detrimental effect for ligand binding of an alternative long-range base-pairing interaction in the core region of the adenine-sensing riboswitch (G48A) has been shown before and the sequence conservation patterns the different variants suggest that they have evolved in a way to minimize this possibility.
[ "42" ]
The detrimental effect for ligand binding of an alternative long-range base-pairing interaction in the core region of the adenine-sensing riboswitch has been shown before and the sequence conservation patterns the different variants suggest that they have evolved in a way to minimize this possibility.
true
true
true
true
true
1,683
6
DISCUSSION
1
42
[ "B42", "B43", "B44" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
Here, we demonstrate that the presence of Mg2+-ions apparently helps to avoid an alternative base-pairing pattern in the loop regions.
[ "42", "43", "44" ]
134
10,567
0
false
Here, we demonstrate that the presence of Mg2+-ions apparently helps to avoid an alternative base-pairing pattern in the loop regions.
[]
Here, we demonstrate that the presence of Mg2+-ions apparently helps to avoid an alternative base-pairing pattern in the loop regions.
true
true
true
true
true
1,683
6
DISCUSSION
1
42
[ "B42", "B43", "B44" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
Finally, we demonstrate that small sequence variations can have a profound effect on the folding pathway of this RNA since a slight variation of an apical base pair in helix II is as effective as Mg2+ in stabilizing the loop–loop interaction.
[ "42", "43", "44" ]
242
10,568
0
false
Finally, we demonstrate that small sequence variations can have a profound effect on the folding pathway of this RNA since a slight variation of an apical base pair in helix II is as effective as Mg2+ in stabilizing the loop–loop interaction.
[]
Finally, we demonstrate that small sequence variations can have a profound effect on the folding pathway of this RNA since a slight variation of an apical base pair in helix II is as effective as Mg2+ in stabilizing the loop–loop interaction.
true
true
true
true
true
1,683
6
DISCUSSION
1
42
[ "B42", "B43", "B44" ]
17,686,787
pmid-16650860|pmid-16931335|pmid-15610857|pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-15665103|pmid-17175531|pmid-16931335|pmid-17200422|pmid-10606276|pmid-11274387
Similar effects on RNA-folding pathways have been reported for instance for point mutations in the P5abc domain of the Tetrahymena group I intron (43,44).
[ "42", "43", "44" ]
154
10,569
0
false
Similar effects on RNA-folding pathways have been reported for instance for point mutations in the P5abc domain of the Tetrahymena group I intron.
[ "43,44" ]
Similar effects on RNA-folding pathways have been reported for instance for point mutations in the P5abc domain of the Tetrahymena group I intron.
true
true
true
true
true
1,683
7
DISCUSSION
1
45
[ "B45", "B13" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
The large influence of small sequence variations on the structure of the free state of the purine-binding riboswitches and their folding pathways might have interesting implications for the design of drugs that are targeted against purine-sensing riboswitches (45).
[ "45", "13" ]
265
10,570
1
false
The large influence of small sequence variations on the structure of the free state of the purine-binding riboswitches and their folding pathways might have interesting implications for the design of drugs that are targeted against purine-sensing riboswitches.
[ "45" ]
The large influence of small sequence variations on the structure of the free state of the purine-binding riboswitches and their folding pathways might have interesting implications for the design of drugs that are targeted against purine-sensing riboswitches.
true
true
true
true
true
1,684
7
DISCUSSION
1
45
[ "B45", "B13" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
The high similarity of the structures of their aptamer domain ligand complexes will render it difficult to find drugs that bind selectively to only a subset of these riboswitches such as those of a given bacterium.
[ "45", "13" ]
214
10,571
0
false
The high similarity of the structures of their aptamer domain ligand complexes will render it difficult to find drugs that bind selectively to only a subset of these riboswitches such as those of a given bacterium.
[]
The high similarity of the structures of their aptamer domain ligand complexes will render it difficult to find drugs that bind selectively to only a subset of these riboswitches such as those of a given bacterium.
true
true
true
true
true
1,684
7
DISCUSSION
1
45
[ "B45", "B13" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
However, targeting the free form of these riboswitches where small sequence differences result in different conformations will allow selectivity.
[ "45", "13" ]
145
10,572
0
false
However, targeting the free form of these riboswitches where small sequence differences result in different conformations will allow selectivity.
[]
However, targeting the free form of these riboswitches where small sequence differences result in different conformations will allow selectivity.
true
true
true
true
true
1,684
7
DISCUSSION
1
13
[ "B45", "B13" ]
17,686,787
pmid-15549109|pmid-15610857|pmid-17160062|pmid-15549109
For some of these riboswitches it might be promising to develop inhibitors for the formation of the loop–loop interaction which is essential for ligand binding (13) while those with a stable preformed loop–loop interaction will not be affected in their function.
[ "45", "13" ]
262
10,573
1
false
For some of these riboswitches it might be promising to develop inhibitors for the formation of the loop–loop interaction which is essential for ligand binding while those with a stable preformed loop–loop interaction will not be affected in their function.
[ "13" ]
For some of these riboswitches it might be promising to develop inhibitors for the formation of the loop–loop interaction which is essential for ligand binding while those with a stable preformed loop–loop interaction will not be affected in their function.
true
true
true
true
true
1,684
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
128
10,574
0
false
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide.
[]
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
The HCV genome is ∼9600 nt in length and carries a single, long open reading frame (ORF) flanked by 5′ and 3′ non-translated regions.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
133
10,575
0
false
The HCV genome is ∼9600 nt in length and carries a single, long open reading frame (ORF) flanked by 5′ and 3′ non-translated regions.
[]
The HCV genome is ∼9600 nt in length and carries a single, long open reading frame (ORF) flanked by 5′ and 3′ non-translated regions.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
The ORF encodes a polyprotein of ∼3000 amino acids that is processed by cellular and viral proteases to yield at least 10 mature proteins: C, E1, E2, p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B (1,2).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
196
10,576
0
false
The ORF encodes a polyprotein of ∼3000 amino acids that is processed by cellular and viral proteases to yield at least 10 mature proteins: C, E1, E2, p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B.
[ "1,2" ]
The ORF encodes a polyprotein of ∼3000 amino acids that is processed by cellular and viral proteases to yield at least 10 mature proteins: C, E1, E2, p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
The sequence diversity among HCV genomes leads to the definition of a large number of subtypes distributed into six genotypes (3).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
130
10,577
1
false
The sequence diversity among HCV genomes leads to the definition of a large number of subtypes distributed into six genotypes.
[ "3" ]
The sequence diversity among HCV genomes leads to the definition of a large number of subtypes distributed into six genotypes.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
In addition, HCV exists within its hosts as a pool of genetically distinct but closely related variants referred to as quasispecies (4).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
136
10,578
1
false
In addition, HCV exists within its hosts as a pool of genetically distinct but closely related variants referred to as quasispecies.
[ "4" ]
In addition, HCV exists within its hosts as a pool of genetically distinct but closely related variants referred to as quasispecies.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
5
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
It is now well established that the genotype is a predictive factor of the response to interferon-α therapy (5).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
112
10,579
1
false
It is now well established that the genotype is a predictive factor of the response to interferon-α therapy.
[ "5" ]
It is now well established that the genotype is a predictive factor of the response to interferon-α therapy.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
Consequently, intensive sequence analyses of HCV genomes are currently conducted, and >40 000 nt sequences have been deposited to date into the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
172
10,580
0
false
Consequently, intensive sequence analyses of HCV genomes are currently conducted, and >40 000 nt sequences have been deposited to date into the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases.
[]
Consequently, intensive sequence analyses of HCV genomes are currently conducted, and >40 000 nt sequences have been deposited to date into the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
6
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
In order to manage such large and growing collections of sequences, to facilitate sequence analysis and drug and vaccine design, several specialized databases have been developed (6).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
183
10,581
1
false
In order to manage such large and growing collections of sequences, to facilitate sequence analysis and drug and vaccine design, several specialized databases have been developed.
[ "6" ]
In order to manage such large and growing collections of sequences, to facilitate sequence analysis and drug and vaccine design, several specialized databases have been developed.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
3
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
The database team members are involved in a network of experts for HCV nomenclature definition and harmonization (3).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
117
10,582
1
false
The database team members are involved in a network of experts for HCV nomenclature definition and harmonization.
[ "3" ]
The database team members are involved in a network of experts for HCV nomenclature definition and harmonization.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
We present here the European HCV Database (euHCVdb).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
52
10,583
0
false
We present here the European HCV Database (euHCVdb).
[]
We present here the European HCV Database (euHCVdb).
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
This database combines computer-annotated HCV sequences with protein three-dimensional (3D) models and it is linked to numerous sequence and structure analysis tools on dedicated websites.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
188
10,584
0
false
This database combines computer-annotated HCV sequences with protein three-dimensional models and it is linked to numerous sequence and structure analysis tools on dedicated websites.
[ "3D" ]
This database combines computer-annotated HCV sequences with protein three-dimensional models and it is linked to numerous sequence and structure analysis tools on dedicated websites.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
2
[ "b1", "b2", "b3", "b4", "b5", "b6", "b3", "b2" ]
17,142,229
pmid-16107832|pmid-14752815|pmid-16149085|pmid-1668332|pmid-12691458|pmid-16628639|pmid-16149085|pmid-14752815
The euHCVdb is mainly oriented towards the structural biology of HCV, including protein sequence, structure and function analyses (2).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "3", "2" ]
134
10,585
1
false
The euHCVdb is mainly oriented towards the structural biology of HCV, including protein sequence, structure and function analyses.
[ "2" ]
The euHCVdb is mainly oriented towards the structural biology of HCV, including protein sequence, structure and function analyses.
true
true
true
true
true
1,685
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
In order to keep up with the rapid growth of sequence data for complete and draft genomes, more efficient and accurate computational methods are required for functional annotation of these genomes.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
197
10,586
0
false
In order to keep up with the rapid growth of sequence data for complete and draft genomes, more efficient and accurate computational methods are required for functional annotation of these genomes.
[]
In order to keep up with the rapid growth of sequence data for complete and draft genomes, more efficient and accurate computational methods are required for functional annotation of these genomes.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
The basis for functional annotation is application of sequence similarity with well-annotated sequences.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
104
10,587
0
false
The basis for functional annotation is application of sequence similarity with well-annotated sequences.
[]
The basis for functional annotation is application of sequence similarity with well-annotated sequences.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
This is accomplished by the sequence comparison methods such as the Smith–Waterman algorithm (1), FASTA (2) and BLAST (3,4).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
124
10,588
1
false
This is accomplished by the sequence comparison methods such as the Smith–Waterman algorithm, FASTA and BLAST.
[ "1", "2", "3,4" ]
This is accomplished by the sequence comparison methods such as the Smith–Waterman algorithm, FASTA and BLAST.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
However, it is not always true that all similar sequences have a conserved function.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
84
10,589
0
false
However, it is not always true that all similar sequences have a conserved function.
[]
However, it is not always true that all similar sequences have a conserved function.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
In previous works, the relationship between the functional conservation and the sequence similarity score was studied, and it was suggested for enzymes that from 40 to 70% sequence identity is necessary for functional prediction with 90% accuracy (5,6).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
253
10,590
0
false
In previous works, the relationship between the functional conservation and the sequence similarity score was studied, and it was suggested for enzymes that from 40 to 70% sequence identity is necessary for functional prediction with 90% accuracy.
[ "5,6" ]
In previous works, the relationship between the functional conservation and the sequence similarity score was studied, and it was suggested for enzymes that from 40 to 70% sequence identity is necessary for functional prediction with 90% accuracy.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
The availability of many sequenced genomes has made the utilization of best hit information possible, in addition to individual sequence similarity scores.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
155
10,591
0
false
The availability of many sequenced genomes has made the utilization of best hit information possible, in addition to individual sequence similarity scores.
[]
The availability of many sequenced genomes has made the utilization of best hit information possible, in addition to individual sequence similarity scores.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
Orthologous genes are functionally conserved genes in different species, branched from a common ancestor by speciation.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
119
10,592
0
false
Orthologous genes are functionally conserved genes in different species, branched from a common ancestor by speciation.
[]
Orthologous genes are functionally conserved genes in different species, branched from a common ancestor by speciation.
true
true
true
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INTRODUCTION
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1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
In practice, they are computationally deduced from the bi-directional best hit (BBH) relationship in pairwise genome comparison (7,8).
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
134
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false
In practice, they are computationally deduced from the bi-directional best hit (BBH) relationship in pairwise genome comparison.
[ "7,8" ]
In practice, they are computationally deduced from the bi-directional best hit (BBH) relationship in pairwise genome comparison.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3", "B4", "B5", "B6", "B7", "B8" ]
17,526,522
pmid-7265238|pmid-2983426|pmid-2231712|pmid-9254694|pmid-12051862|pmid-14568541|pmid-9381173|pmid-11125040
Therefore, the identification of orthologous genes among many species is the shortest way to predict functions of newly sequenced genomes.
[ "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8" ]
138
10,594
0
false
Therefore, the identification of orthologous genes among many species is the shortest way to predict functions of newly sequenced genomes.
[]
Therefore, the identification of orthologous genes among many species is the shortest way to predict functions of newly sequenced genomes.
true
true
true
true
true
1,686
1
INTRODUCTION
1
9
[ "B9" ]
17,526,522
pmid-10802651
The accuracy of annotation largely depends on the quality of the database to be searched.
[ "9" ]
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10,595
0
false
The accuracy of annotation largely depends on the quality of the database to be searched.
[]
The accuracy of annotation largely depends on the quality of the database to be searched.
true
true
true
true
true
1,687
1
INTRODUCTION
1
9
[ "B9" ]
17,526,522
pmid-10802651
The Gene Ontology (GO) has been developed for consistent descriptions of gene products in different species (9).
[ "9" ]
112
10,596
1
false
The Gene Ontology (GO) has been developed for consistent descriptions of gene products in different species.
[ "9" ]
The Gene Ontology (GO) has been developed for consistent descriptions of gene products in different species.
true
true
true
true
true
1,687
1
INTRODUCTION
1
9
[ "B9" ]
17,526,522
pmid-10802651
The GO terms in the three ontologies, biological process, cellular component and molecular function, are now used in many genome databases.
[ "9" ]
139
10,597
0
false
The GO terms in the three ontologies, biological process, cellular component and molecular function, are now used in many genome databases.
[]
The GO terms in the three ontologies, biological process, cellular component and molecular function, are now used in many genome databases.
true
true
true
true
true
1,687
1
INTRODUCTION
1
9
[ "B9" ]
17,526,522
pmid-10802651
However, the GO annotations for different species may not be easy to integrate because they exist in different databases.
[ "9" ]
121
10,598
0
false
However, the GO annotations for different species may not be easy to integrate because they exist in different databases.
[]
However, the GO annotations for different species may not be easy to integrate because they exist in different databases.
true
true
true
true
true
1,687
2
INTRODUCTION
1
10
[ "B10" ]
17,526,522
pmid-16381885
In contrast, the KEGG GENES database provides a single resource for cross-species annotation of all available genomes by a standardized mechanism, called the KEGG Orthology (KO) system.
[ "10" ]
185
10,599
0
false
In contrast, the KEGG GENES database provides a single resource for cross-species annotation of all available genomes by a standardized mechanism, called the KEGG Orthology (KO) system.
[]
In contrast, the KEGG GENES database provides a single resource for cross-species annotation of all available genomes by a standardized mechanism, called the KEGG Orthology (KO) system.
true
true
true
true
true
1,688