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task668_extreme_abstract_summarization
task668-9d820377b2d844a88e4f37ed889231ff
In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words. Retinal prostheses for treating incurable blindness are designed to electrically stimulate surviving retinal neurons, causing them to send artificial visual signals to the brain. However, electrical stimulation generally cannot precisely reproduce normal patterns of neural activity in the retina. Therefore, an electrical stimulus must be selected that produces a neural response as close as possible to the desired response. This requires a technique for computing a distance between the desired response and the achievable response that is meaningful in terms of the visual signal being conveyed. Here we propose a method to learn such a metric on neural responses, directly from recorded light responses of a population of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the primate retina. The learned metric produces a measure of similarity of RGC population responses that accurately reflects the similarity of the visual input. Using data from electrical stimulation experiments, we demonstrate that this metric may improve the performance of a prosthesis.
Authors develop new spike train distance metrics, including neural networks and quadratic metrics. These metrics are shown to outperform the naive Hamming distance metric, and implicitly captures some structure in neural code.
task142_odd-man-out_classification_no_category
task142-fc7cb1ba9776481785ccf451f75e24ff
Given a set of five words, generate the word from the set that does not belong (i.e. is the least relevant) with the other words. Words are separated by commas. flap, cockroach, fly, jog, soar
cockroach
task927_yelp_negative_to_positive_style_transfer
task927-14977ca21a8f459c801d688829d436ba
You are given a negative review and your task is to convert it to a positive review by one or more making minimal changes. Avoid changing the context of the review. the wonton was seriously lacking filling .
i would give an extra star if it allowed me
task074_squad1.1_question_generation
task074-13c3cbaeeea74688a503e6f37f9cd16b
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage. Between 2000 and 2004 an average of 478 crimes were reported each day in Mexico City; however, the actual crime rate is thought to be much higher "since most people are reluctant to report crime". Under policies enacted by Mayor Marcelo Ebrard between 2009 and 2011, Mexico City underwent a major security upgrade with violent and petty crime rates both falling significantly despite the rise in violent crime in other parts of the country. Some of the policies enacted included the installation of 11,000 security cameras around the city and a very large expansion of the police force. Mexico City has one of the world's highest police officer-to-resident ratios, with one uniformed officer per 100 citizens.
How many crimes occurred around the turn of the latest century?
task300_storycloze_order_generation
task300-e76acf3a98c94291b9574568afbbf484
In this task, you're given a short story of five sentences written in natural language. However, the order of the given story is not correct. Your job is to return the correct order for the given five sentences to create a coherent short story with the new order that has the correct flow. Generate your answer using the number of sentences in the correct order, such as '23415'. Sentence1: The next day Fred saw that the rainy had ruined his new furniture. Sentence2: He was disappointed. Sentence3: He built it and set it all up outside himself. Sentence4: That night there was a bad rainy storm. Sentence5: Fred just bought some new patio furniture for his house.
45231
task1730_personachat_choose_next
task1730-9811523b90c24ed385e5ab2acb0f5149
You will be given a person's personality, and a history of a conversation this person has had. You will be given four candidate sentences to complete the conversation, based on the context. Choose one and answer with the text. Personality: I like early 2000s indie music. My temper is pretty short. I m picky when it comes to food. I d like to be a teacher in the future. I love my pet dog more than anything. Chat history: -Hi my name is megan, what is yours? -My name is Bob. A short name, like my short temper. -Oh that is funny, what do you do for a living? -Well, I would like to be a teacher one day. -That is a very inspiring field, I currently do teach yoga. -Thought about yoga once, but I just do not think I could leave my dog home alone. -It is very relaxing for me, I pretty sure your dog will be ok. -I just love him more than anything. He eats all the food I am too picky to try. -The bond you have with him, I had that with my mom too then she died. -I'm sorry to hear that. You know what cheers me up? -What? Right now I just like being alone. Candidates 1) Prince! I've not listened to prince in ages! 2) I put on some indie music from the 2000s. 3) Great idea! So tell me a little about yourself. 4) That is a great area, do you eat fish, I eat lots.
I put on some indie music from the 2000s.
task369_synthetic_remove_odds
task369-0630b8bfc2eb4f9e84006f6d9b65aef5
In this task, you will be given a list of integers. You should remove all of the odd integers from the list(consider 0 an even number). If every integer in the input list is odd then an empty list ("[]") should be returned. Otherwise, answer with the list of even numbers separated by comma inside brackets. [-10, 95, 37, 90, -59, -42, 76, 94, -95, -5, 11]
[-10, 90, -42, 76, 94]
task374_synthetic_pos_or_neg_calculation
task374-57efa2a65b27446382a9a73788bcb915
In this task you will be given a list of integers. For every element in the list, if the element is positive you should multiply it by 2. If the element is negative you should multiply it by -3. The output should be a list of integers that is the result of applying that logic to the input list. Note: A list is presented with comma separated numbers inside two brackets. [26, -68]
[52, 204]
task928_yelp_positive_to_negative_style_transfer
task928-43c3e567c3774f47bc4119d93d124671
In this task, you are given a positive review and your task is to convert it to a negative review by making minimal changes. Avoid changing the context of the review. everyone is friendly and knowledgeable .
jennifer sucks and makes skin care too expensive
task075_squad1.1_answer_generation
task075-05e087cc53ea4c21ad8bd5e2d755024e
This task is about writing a correct answer for the reading comprehension task. Based on the information provided in a given passage, you should identify the shortest continuous text span from the passage that serves as an answer to the given question. Avoid answers that are incorrect or provides incomplete justification for the question. Passage: As in other major American cities in the postwar era, construction of an extensive highway and freeway system around Detroit and pent-up demand for new housing stimulated suburbanization; highways made commuting by car easier. In 1956, Detroit's last heavily used electric streetcar line along the length of Woodward Avenue was removed and replaced with gas-powered buses. It was the last line of what had once been a 534-mile network of electric streetcars. In 1941 at peak times, a streetcar ran on Woodward Avenue every 60 seconds. Question: How many seconds did a streetcar run along Woodward Ave in 1941?
60
task934_turk_simplification
task934-e725336de0ef4954845ce1fd3aeaba58
In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate a simplified sentence that focuses on lexical paraphrasing from the original sentence given in the input. her death from leukaemia in 1998 was a shock to the nation and her family.
her death fromblood cancer in 1998 was a shock to the nation and her family.
task066_timetravel_binary_consistency_classification
task066-d5e02dc223f649839d73ade5d9b0fa7a
In this task, you are given a short story consisting of exactly 5 sentences where the second sentence is missing. You are given a candidate for the second sentence and you need to identify if the given sentence connects the first sentence with the rest of the story. Indicate your answer by "Yes" if it connects, otherwise "No". Do not generate anything else apart from "Yes" or "No". The given sentence is incorrect if it changes the subsequent storyline, so that at least one of the three subsequent sentences form a consistent story. Sentence 1: Rick was going to plan a party. Sentence 3: He asked some friends for some tips Sentence 4: After collecting advice Ricky decided to run to the Supermarket Sentence 5: He picked up everyone's favorite Hot dogs and Hamburgers Given Sentence 2: That night, Tommy felt very sick.
No
task844_financial_phrasebank_classification
task844-4b1310f51d3140c4ac04056a0062f09b
Given a piece of financial news and its polarity, classify it into 'true' if the polarity is correct and classify into 'false' if the polarity is incorrect. Output must be 'true' or 'false'. news:After the split , the number of K shares will be 9 540 000 and the number of A shares 26 885 540 . polarity:negative
false
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-6c71272957e14fa38aa1082d263175eb
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Washington (CNN) -- President Barack Obama and his South Korean counterpart hit the road together Friday, traveling to the heart of America's Rust Belt to tout a recently approved trade deal between Washington and Seoul. Obama also used the occasion to defend his controversial 2009 bailout of the U.S. auto industry, which has shown recent signs of recovery. Obama and President Lee Myung-bak visited Orion Township, Michigan -- on the outskirts of Detroit -- to visit a General Motors assembly plant. GM, which filed for bankruptcy protection in 2009, got federal funding to help with its reorganization. The plant, which now produces the new Chevrolet Sonic subcompact, was set to shut down during GM's bankruptcy restructuring. But the plant's subcompact expertise -- along with a joint venture with GM Korea -- saved the facility and its 1,750 jobs.NEW: Obama and Lee visit a General Motors assembly plant outside of DetroitNEW: Obama proclaims the 2009 auto industry bailout a successTheir visit comes on the heels of a new trade agreementThe two leaders also have a common concern: North Korea Question:Partly as a result of the auto bailout, _ "is a city where a great American industry is coming back to life," Obama added.
GM Korea
task1338_peixian_equity_evaluation_corpus_sentiment_classifier
task1338-f28b047dc6444e0a95346602c6f213af
The input is a sentence. The sentence includes an emotion. The goal of the task is to classify the emotion in the sentence to one of the classes: 'fear', 'joy', 'anger', 'sadness'. The emotion mainly depends on the adverb within the sentence. I made Roger feel disappointed.
sadness
task385_socialiqa_incorrect_answer_generation
task385-4e5d4726fa7d49c597c4424db205ee11
In this task, you're given a context passage, a question, and three answer options. Your task is to return an incorrect answer option to the question from the choices given. For all questions, only one of the three answer options is correct. Pick one of the two incorrect answer options as the output. Context: Cameron told his best friend his closest secret that he had kept hidden. Question: What will Cameron want to do next? Options: (A) ask their friend to keep the secret (B) see the friend's reaction (C) see the friend's mystery
B
task399_semeval_2018_task1_tweet_sadness_detection
task399-e84cf8940d674ea1a647cc6866fe2b8f
In this task you are given a tweet. You must judge whether the author of the tweet is sad or not. Label the instances as "Sad" or "Not sad" based on your judgment. You can get help from hashtags and emojis, but you should not judge only based on them, and should pay attention to tweet's text as well. @Good2bqueen67 @foxandfriends @realDonaldTrump 😂😂😂 says the #coward that hides its ID #loser #traitor
Not sad
task1645_medical_question_pair_dataset_text_classification
task1645-2ac6f6fb67f5483084562edb8c06db60
In this task you are given a medical question pair hand-generated. Your task is to classify a given post into two categories 1) 'Similar' if the given two questions have a same connotation 2) 'Dissimilar' if the given two questions have a different connotation or meaning. Sentence1: What does it mean if some people who have gilbert's syndrome develop anemia? Sentence2: Can anemia caused by Gilbert's syndrome be cured?
Dissimilar
task475_yelp_polarity_classification
task475-be5c559c6d8c40ed92909f6ad43cd037
In this task, you are given Yelp reviews. The task is to classify a review as "POSITIVE" if the overall sentiment of the review is positive or as "NEGATIVE" if the overall sentiment of the review is negative. We came to try the most talked about Lechon Cebuano style and was not dissappointed. We tried the Kare-Kare and the Bicol express too and both dishes came out really delicious. With all the different variations of Filipino food among Filipino restaurants one has to expect that if you put it on your menu you will be compared with others and Cafe de Cebu will have you come back for theirs.\n\nAsk for server Michael. He is polite and can suggest specialties.
POSITIVE
task1313_amazonreview_polarity_classification
task1313-ebe95a6089d74788b38485109429b630
In this task, You are given an amazon review and its polarity (positive or negative). Your task is to answer "True" if the specified sentence and its polarity match; otherwise, answer "False" Review: The case is of decent quality but its so smooth and Im constantly having to make sure it does not slip out of my hands. Not sure if this is something that goes away but Im very unhappy with the case and will be returning it. My husband got the black case and it has a slight rubber texture and its great but unfortunately the mint color is slippery as all get out. Polarity: positive
False
task1210_atomic_classification_madeupof
task1210-b7fcd24e5f5f47959ccc590eaa2ffb2a
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head is a part, portion, or makeup of the Tail or not. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Head: war<sep>Tail: suffering
Yes
task1210_atomic_classification_madeupof
task1210-45fc099494884dfe8395a77b8a6853b2
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head is a part, portion, or makeup of the Tail or not. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Head: child<sep>Tail: son
Yes
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-041d38c7c8784c69884d84b43563aa79
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Field trials involving genetically modified insects should be carried out in the UK for the first time, a report argues. Tests outside the laboratory have never been carried out in the European Union amid safety concerns. But a Lords committee report said trials should now start in Britain. Creating GM mosquitoes could help wipe out deadly tropical diseases such as malaria and dengue fever, the report said. Anti-GM campaigners say trials involving insects with altered DNA could pose risks to human health, and could lead to diseases becoming more virulent. However, the Lords Science and Technology Committee said GM insects could be used to control the spread of deadly illnesses as well as for pest control on crops.Lords Select Committee said tests of GM insects should begin in the UKGM insects could help to stop the spread of malaria and dengue feverThe UK has 'a moral duty' to test the technology, the report saysUK is home to the only company producing and distributing GM insects Question:The trials received millions in research funding from the government - mostly due to the need for fencing and security - and were met with resistance from anti-_ campaigners.
Lords
task1712_poki_classification
task1712-71616850b76c4b42ac3e8b4ca344bb7c
You are given a short poem which is written by a kid. Your task is to predict if the kid is in elementary school or high school. Anyone who is from grade 1st to 6th-grade will be considered as in elementary school, and 7th to 12th-grade kids will be considered as in high school. There are only two possible outputs, i.e., elementary and high. All inputs have at least one output and it cannot have both categories at a time. school be so boring the teacher will leave you sleep snore test and quiz here and there you would not have much time to spare homework be easy to do at home easy a brush your hair with a comb look at the clock non-stop waiting and wait feel like i 'm go to pop ring ring go the school bell now i have to go because i do n't much more to tell
high
task462_qasper_classification
task462-2675d1ae0d2948b5b6754e6ac27d4491
In this task, you will be presented with a context from an academic paper and a question based on the context. You have to classify the questions into "Extractive", "Abstractive", or "Yes-no" questions. Extractive questions can be answered by concatenating extracts taken from a context into a summary while answering abstractive questions involves paraphrasing the context using novel sentences. Yes-no question is a question whose expected answer is one of two choices, one that affirms the question and one that denies the question. Typically, the choices are either yes or no. We thus also conducted human studies on Amazon MTurk to evaluate the generated responses with pairwise comparison for dialogue quality. We compare our models with an advanced decoding algorithm MMI BIBREF2 and two models, namely LSTM BIBREF0 and VHRED BIBREF7, both with additive attention. To our best knowledge, LSTM and VHRED were the primary models with which F1's were reported on the Ubuntu dataset. Following BIBREF5 (BIBREF5), we employ two criteria: Plausibility and Content Richness. The first criterion measures whether the response is plausible given the context, while the second gauges whether the response is diverse and informative. Question: How is human evaluation performed, what was the criteria?
Abstractive
task1446_farthest_integers
task1446-13d2f6bc4b154c989af45713708492a3
In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the maximum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the largest possible absolute distance. [57, -12, 90, -45, 84, 1, -31, -45, -97]
187
task594_sciq_question_generation
task594-08643303884744c9928cf9a4a8efc7ce
Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer. Passage: Weather is always changing. One day might be cold and cloudy. The next day might be warm and sunny. Even on the same day, the weather can change a lot. A beautiful morning might be followed by a stormy afternoon. Why does weather change? The main reason is moving air masses. Answer: moving air masses
What is the main reason for weather change?
task1504_hatexplain_answer_generation
task1504-e4bf773eac0d464a9d3c3e868c27eceb
The input is a tweet which can be Hate Speech or Offensive. Given such a tweet, output a phrase from the tweet that makes it hate speech or offensive. The output should contain only one such phrase. The output has to be from within the tweet itself. Do not generate words or phrases not present in the tweet. one would have to be a total fucking retard to fit a statement in <number> characters this is why twitter has become a melanized ghetto
fucking retard
task899_freebase_qa_topic_generation
task899-b17661bc22904604ba743c0c9a788931
Given a factoid/trivia type question, generate the topic of the question. The topic is the entity the question talks about. Which city is the capital of the Spanish region of Aragon?
aragon
task606_sum_of_all_numbers_in_list_between_positions_i_and_j
task606-8d49bddb701a4941af3caaa959d6e446
In this task, you are given inputs i,j, and A, where i and j are integers and A is a list. You need to return the sum of all the numerical elements in the list A between the positions i and j (including positions i and j). Return 0 if no numerical element is present in the list between the given ranges. i and j will be non-negative, and will always have a value less than the length of A. i will always be less than j. 5, 9, ['5275', '7515', '8591', '5259', 'q', 'H', '1345', 'a', '5811', '4391']
7156
task297_storycloze_incorrect_end_classification
task297-149e7043cef647d3851e2c39c38789a6
In this task, you're given four sentences of a story written in natural language. The given story is not complete and your job is to complete the story by selecting one of the end sentence choices from (A) and (B), such that the story does not sound complete and coherent, i.e., select an incorrect end sentence. Sentence1: Ivy had been asked on an unconventional date. Sentence2: Her crush Peter had asked her to go hiking! Sentence3: Ivy agreed. Sentence4: They went to the woods and hiked for hours. (A) Afterwards they watched the sunset from a cliff. (B) Ivy returned home, and never spoke to Peter again.
B
task367_synthetic_remove_floats
task367-3bf225ce14c346f78e00d6b7902d056c
In this task you will be given a list of numbers. You should remove any number that is not an integer (whole number). If every number is not an whole number then an empty list ("[]") should be returned. Otherwise, answer with the list of whole numbers separated by comma inside brackets. [-24.434, 67.216]
[]
task1217_atomic_answer_generation
task1217-8817a1f60e8c47128e9fd2cdcbf0e67d
In this task, you are given a sentence with a missing word that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Fill in the blank with a plausible word. Although each sentence has many correct answers, you only have to write one answer. PersonX brings ___ inside
letters
task728_mmmlu_answer_generation_professional_accounting
task728-8eb0239712e1479787a2702d3a074e80
You are given a question on professional accounting. You are also given 4 answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D"), out of which only one is correct. You need to answer the question by selecting the correct option. You should only answer with the choice letter, not the whole answer. Stock A has a beta of 0.8, while Stock B has a beta of 1.4. The expected return on the market is 10% and the risk-free rate is 7%. Using CAPM and this stock information, what is the required rate of return for Stocks A and B, respectively? (A)9.4% and 11.2% (B)−2.6% and 4.9% (C)4.3% and 7.4% (D)6.4% and 10.5%
A
task430_senteval_subject_count
task430-c3f98cd73ed043cbbedab73053fd0dc6
In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether subject of the main clause is singular or plural. Label the instances as "Singular" or "Plural" based on your judgment. Then proceeded to peel away the thick snow gear one layer at a time, until Wade sat bare chested.
Singular
task074_squad1.1_question_generation
task074-7d1ff693c5134c17add44e0b646da74a
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage. Tamara de Lempicka was a famous artist born in Warsaw. She was born Maria Górska in Warsaw to wealthy parents and in 1916 married a Polish lawyer Tadeusz Łempicki. Better than anyone else she represented the Art Deco style in painting and art. Nathan Alterman, the Israeli poet, was born in Warsaw, as was Moshe Vilenski, the Israeli composer, lyricist, and pianist, who studied music at the Warsaw Conservatory. Warsaw was the beloved city of Isaac Bashevis Singer, which he described in many of his novels: Warsaw has just now been destroyed. No one will ever see the Warsaw I knew. Let me just write about it. Let this Warsaw not disappear forever, he commented.
Where was the famous artist Tamara de Lempicka born?
task1446_farthest_integers
task1446-8866edf5c6374c95ada4a1f8335c5ade
In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the maximum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the largest possible absolute distance. [-6, 10, -42, 23]
65
task1596_event2mind_text_generation_2
task1596-28f1417611d44a8cb9a293aabca11a26
The task is to generate text based off of an event. For the given event, there will be a person who does the action in the event (usually PersonX). Your task is to write that persons intent behind doing the event, i.e. why did the person do that action. PersonX looks at PersonY with a smile
to be friendly
task372_synthetic_palindrome_numbers
task372-d2ee87c9953e454f97c8d8026d0c58b3
In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should only return an integer if the first digit is the same as the last digit in the number. If an integer has a single digit, then it should be returned. If there are no integers that start and end with the same digit then an empty list ("[]") should be returned. [-856, -291, -723, 917, 570, -201, -160, 643, -642, -5, 46, 891, 310, -510, -372, -591, 719, -252, 288, 876, -158]
[-5, -252]
task1290_xsum_summarization
task1290-7159e99660d44fdb8c5eb3a44ee60f2b
In this task, you are given an article. Your task is to summarize the article in a sentence. The 27-year-old, who has 41 caps, played every minute of his country's World Cup campaign in Brazil as they finished third in Group E. Granada, who, like Watford, are owned by the Italian Pozzo family, only signed Paredes from Ecuadorian side Sporting Barcelona earlier this summer. The transfer is still subject to international clearance. The terms for Paredes's move to Watford are undisclosed. He will be Watford's seventh summer signing, following striker Matej Vydra, winger Lloyd Dyer, midfielder Daniel Tozser, defenders Craig Cathcart and Gabriel Tamas, and goalkeeper Heurelho Gomes.
Watford have signed Ecuador right-back Juan Carlos Paredes from Granada on a five-year contract.
task581_socialiqa_question_generation
task581-1748c266aa97418d8fd2beadb554e012
In this task, you're given context and an answer. Your task is to generate the question for this answer based on the given context with commonsense reasoning about social situations.. Context: Addison carried Riley away when they passed out at the bar. Answer: a helpful person
How would you describe Addison?
task163_count_words_ending_with_letter
task163-00db8882a38a488aa0e0341ecce4a551
In this task, you need to count the number of words in a sentence that end with the given letter. Answer with numbers and not words. Sentence: 'two giraffes in dry vegetation walking in a field below a mountain'. How many words end with the letter 'a' in the sentence.
2
task1420_mathqa_general
task1420-4032cccce85343e589970346af7dd389
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the general math. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'. Problem: at a certain paint store forest green is made by mixing 4 parts blue paint with 3 parts yellow paint . verdant green is made by mixing 4 parts yellow paint with 3 parts blue paint . how many liters of yellow paint must be added to 35 liters of forest green to change it to verdant green ? Options: a ) 1 / 3 , b ) 2 / 3 , c ) 4 / 3 , d ) 35 / 3 , e ) 10 / 3
d
task934_turk_simplification
task934-4ddca77032d940f7b9cc6ef3c469155b
In this task, you're given a sentence and your task is to generate a simplified sentence that focuses on lexical paraphrasing from the original sentence given in the input. in 1265 , simon de montfort , 6th earl of leicester summoned the first elected parliament.
in 1265 simon de montfort , 6th earl of leicester summoned the first elected parliament.
task1422_mathqa_physics
task1422-d0a092a00446499d97f1e62d38455e0b
In this task, you need to answer the given multiple-choice question on the physics. Classify your answers into 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'. Problem: audrey 4 hours to complete a certain job . ferris can do the same job in 3 hours . audrey and ferris decided to collaborate on the job , working at their respective rates . while audrey worked continuously , ferris took 6 breaks of equal length . if the two completed the job together in 2 hours , how many minutes long was each of ferris ’ breaks ? Options: a ) 2 , b ) 5 , c ) 15 , d ) 20 , e ) 25
b
task594_sciq_question_generation
task594-1f8e5e3cb44548e28c9c7d6719e5fc8a
Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer. Passage: “Municipal” refers to the community. Households and businesses in a community can pollute the water supply. Municipal pollution comes from sewage, storm drains, septic tanks, boats, and runoff from yards. For example:. Answer: municipal
What type of pollution comes from sewage, storm drains, septic tanks, boats, and runoff from yards?
task820_protoqa_answer_generation
task820-2cb7e98fc29c4cd18c8e0bd38c176643
Write a correct answer for the question. You should reason about prototypical situations and provide the correct answer. Avoid answers that provide incomplete justification for the question. name someone in america that may be more powerful than oprah.
donald trump
task379_agnews_topic_classification
task379-c2c880633eec468c811ad2d9e5cb2ec8
In this task, you are given a news article. Your task is to classify the article to one out of the four topics 'World', 'Sports', 'Business', 'Sci/Tech' if the article's main topic is relevant to the world, sports, business, and science/technology, correspondingly. If you are not sure about the topic, choose the closest option. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link]. Kenteris and Thanou charged over missed tests EKATERINI THANOU and Konstantinos Kenteris, the Greek sprinters, were charged yesterday with missing a mandatory drugs test on the eve of the Olympic Games and for making false statements about a motorbike accident.
Sports
task517_emo_classify_emotion_of_dialogue
task517-e6aa1846da954190b7daad0496e1df42
In this task you will be given some text dialogue and you need to infer the underlying emotion of the text. The possible emotions are happy, sad, angry, or other. if you don't sing right now i am going to bed good now i can sleep without worrying about you oh damn funny
happy
task506_position_of_all_alphabetical_elements_in_list
task506-850253ecc1fe4852a41713f6ee1cb4e9
In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to return the position of all the alphabetical elements in the given list in order. Assume the position of the 1st element to be 1. Return -1 if no alphabetical element is in the list. ['2585', '9349', 'a', '4369', 'Y', 'r', '1843', '3201', '1127', '2905', '9125', 'A', '5095', '5057', '5743', '3243', 'b', 'u', '6909', 'e']
3, 5, 6, 12, 17, 18, 20
task1312_amazonreview_polarity_classification
task1312-fc070986af074db5943c48d95c93c38d
In this task, You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review. Item was obviously returned and then resold as new. Horn does not work, i was expecting more for $15 but its not the money, its the dissappointed 4 year old that is aggravating
negative
task293_storycommonsense_emotion_text_generation
task293-d2deb3738c2c49ee804259b39a9bfae1
In this task, you're given a context, a sentence, and a character. The sentence describes an action or job of the given character. Also, the context provides more information about the sentence or the character. Your task is to return one of the emotions which are expressed by the Character in the given sentence. For that you can use the Context; however, Context is not provided in all the inputs. Also, in some inputs, there can be zero emotion; for that return 'None'. Context: None Sentence: Kelly had a bad day. Character: Kelly
sad
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-496cb75214ab4fa69768c249f0fb18a4
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. On June 17, 1972, a security guard (Frank Wills, playing himself) at the Watergate complex finds a door kept unlocked with tape. He calls the police, who find and arrest five burglars in the Democratic National Committee headquarters within the complex. The next morning, The Washington Post assigns new reporter Bob Woodward (Robert Redford) to the local courthouse to cover the story, which is thought to be of minor importance. Woodward learns that the five men, four Cuban-Americans from Miami and James W. McCord, Jr., had bugging equipment and have their own "country club" attorney. At the arraignment, McCord identifies himself in court as having recently left the Central Intelligence Agency and the others also have CIA ties. Woodward connects the burglars to E. Howard Hunt, a former employee of the CIA, and President Richard Nixon's Special Counsel Charles Colson. Carl Bernstein (Dustin Hoffman), another Post reporter, is assigned to cover the Watergate story with Woodward. The two are reluctant partners, but work well together. Executive editor Benjamin Bradlee (Jason Robards) believes their work is incomplete, however, and not worthy of the Post's front page. He encourages them to continue to gather information. Woodward contacts "Deep Throat" (Hal Holbrook), a senior government official, an anonymous source he has used in the past. Communicating through copies of The New York Times and a balcony flowerpot, they meet in a parking garage in the middle of the night. Deep Throat speaks in riddles and metaphors about the Watergate break-in, but advises Woodward to "follow the money." Over the next few weeks, Woodward and Bernstein connect the five burglars to thousands of dollars in diverted campaign contributions to Nixon's Committee to Re-elect the President (CRP, or CREEP). Bradlee and others at the Post dislike the two young reporters' reliance on unnamed sources like Deep Throat, and wonder why the Nixon administration would break the law when the President is likely to defeat Democratic nominee George McGovern. Through former CREEP treasurer Hugh W. Sloan, Jr. (Stephen Collins), Woodward and Bernstein connect a slush fund of hundreds of thousands of dollars to White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman "the second most important man in this country" and former Nixon Attorney General John N. Mitchell, now head of CREEP. They learn that CREEP used the fund to begin a "ratfucking" campaign to sabotage Democratic presidential candidates a year before the Watergate burglary, when Nixon was behind Edmund Muskie in the polls. Bradlee's demand for thoroughness forces the reporters to obtain other sources to confirm the Haldeman connection. When the White House issues a non-denial denial of the Post's above-the-fold story, the editor thus continues to support them. At the subtle climax, Woodward again meets secretly with Deep Throat, who finally reveals that the Watergate break-in and cover-up was indeed masterminded by Haldeman. Deep Throat also claims that the cover-up was not to hide the other burglaries or of their involvement with CREEP, but to hide the "covert operations" involving "the entire U.S. intelligence community", and warns that Woodward, Bernstein, and others' lives are in danger. When Woodward and Bernstein relay this to Bradlee, he urges the reporters to continue despite the risk and Nixon's re-election. In the final scene, set on January 20, 1973, Bernstein and Woodward type out the full story, with the TV in their office showing Nixon taking the Oath of Office, for his second term as President of the United States, in the foreground. A montage of Watergate-related teletype headlines from the following years is shown, ending with Nixon's resignation and the inauguration of Vice President Gerald Ford on August 9, 1974.
What does the security gaurd find at Watergate complex?
task074_squad1.1_question_generation
task074-ce6e6759739741a1a7ddba02c1624f03
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage. Another set of significant physical changes during puberty happen in bodily distribution of fat and muscle. This process is different for females and males. Before puberty, there are nearly no sex differences in fat and muscle distribution; during puberty, boys grow muscle much faster than girls, although both sexes experience rapid muscle development. In contrast, though both sexes experience an increase in body fat, the increase is much more significant for girls. Frequently, the increase in fat for girls happens in their years just before puberty. The ratio between muscle and fat among post-pubertal boys is around three to one, while for girls it is about five to four. This may help explain sex differences in athletic performance.
Do boys or girls grow muscle faster during puberty?
task310_race_classification
task310-55ccc3d76a26491db3e746dedd109934
In this task, you're given an article, a question which often contains a blank, four options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D") and the answer to that question. Your task is to classify whether the given answer is correct or not by providing "Yes" or "No", based on the article. Article: Here are some of the best movies you like. I believe they can accompany you to spend your dull weekend. In this story a computer hacker searches for the truth behind the mysterious force . In the 22nd century it turns out that the world is controlled by a magic computer system called the Matrix and people live in an unreal world. The computer hacker and his comrades overcome much difficulty and at last find the way to take over the Matrix and save the world. This comedy is about J and K, agents in a top secret agency , and they fight bravely with the alien to save the galaxy from a bad-tempered alien "bug" and save the Earth from being destroyed . Harry has lived under the stairs at his aunt and uncle's house. But on his 11th birthday, he learns he's a powerful wizard----with a place waiting for him at the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. There, he uncovers the truth about his parents' deaths and about the bad man who's to blame . When a satellite crashes in New Mexico, the Air Force sends two men to reach it. To their horror, they discover that the probe carries an alien virus that's already killed all but two of the residents of the town where it landed. Now, scientists must stop the virus from spreading . In the year 2035, James Cole is forced to be sent back to 1996 by scientists to discover the origin of a virus that wiped out nearly all of the earth's population. When Cole is mistakenly sent to 1990, he's arrested and locked up in a mental hospital, where he meets the son of a famous virus expert. Question: Harry Potter _ . Options: (A) does't know he's a powerful wizard until he is 11 years old (B) has a happy and pleasant childhood with his aunt and uncle (C) hates to stay at the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry (D) Knows how his parents died before he goes to the Hogwarts school Asnwer: A
Yes
task924_event2mind_word_generation
task924-758291753d8f49cdabc9b8e8f172d0b5
You are provided with an "Event", "Intent" and "XEmotion" (PersonX's reactions for the given "Event"). Indicate PersonY's reaction (person feels) at the end of this event. Provide one reaction for PersonY. If there's nothing that can be implied, respond as None Event:PersonX sees ___ on PersonY's face. Intent:. XEmotion: 1) hopeful 2) obligated 3) dutiful
joyful
task183_rhyme_generation
task183-8ed054825f624a3f9dd56c54302f5d94
Given an input word generate a word that rhymes exactly with the input word. If not rhyme is found return "No" on
baton
task733_mmmlu_answer_generation_security_studies
task733-737f76a30a8a455496e6242fc46493f1
You are given a question on security studies. You are also given 4 answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D"), out of which only one is correct. You need to answer the question by selecting the correct option. You should only answer with the choice letter, not the whole answer. Which of the following statements could be described as a liberal perspective on future energy security? (A)The global economy is interconnected, ensuring that energy security for one is dependent upon energy security for all. Thus all core powers have the same interests in maintaining and extending the conditions under which this market operates. As long as this economic order exists, conflict between major powers over energy reserves is highly unlikely. (B)Energy scarcity is likely to lead to future disruptions in the global system and the emergence of a 'new international energy order', characterized less by liberal free-market trading than by statism and neo-mercantilism. (C)Oil remains the lifeblood of the current order - an order that is based upon an unequal (and deeply unjust) distribution of wealth and power in favour of capitalist economic elites. Those who benefit most from the prevailing order will ensure that the flow of energy under favourable conditions continues to underpin their position in the global system. (D)Energy scarcity will signal a return to an era of greater geopolitical confrontation. 'Resource wars', in particular over energy sources, present a clear possibility for a breakdown in international cooperation, as states begin to compete (and eventually conflict) over the control of major reserves.
A
task923_event2mind_classifier
task923-f82707a350ff46abb7c0b270fa0f142e
You are provided with an "Event" and it's "Intent" related to PersonX. Determine the sentiment value of the given input as either "Positive", "Negative", and "Unknown". Event:PersonX would n't stop crying. Intent: 1) to exercise his authority
Unknown
task1446_farthest_integers
task1446-4d46444ac19047409a7791a7b3cf815d
In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should find the maximum absolute difference between 2 integers in the list. The absolute difference is the absolute value of one integer subtracted by another. The output should be a single integer which is the largest possible absolute distance. [35, -38, -59, -6]
94
task405_narrativeqa_question_generation
task405-c338baf32ef44912ad40434c901a5647
You will be given a summary of a story. You need to create a question that can be answered from the story. You can create a question about characters, events, facts and beliefs, etc. Your question should be specific, try not to use pronouns instead of full names. As the stories are sometimes movie plots, they will contain actor names in parentheses. You should not use those names. Only use character names. Try to ask a question about all parts of the plot, not just the beginning. MI6 sends James Bond, agent 007, into the field to spy on a terrorist arms bazaar on the Russian border. Despite M's insistence to let 007 finish his reconnaissance, British Admiral Roebuck orders the frigate HMS Chester to launch a missile attack on the arms bazaar. Bond then discovers two nuclear torpedoes mounted on an L-39 Albatros, and as the missile is too far along to be aborted, 007 hijacks the L-39 and flies away seconds before the bazaar is destroyed. The media baron Elliot Carver soon begins his plans to use an encoder stolen from the bazaar by his henchman, cyberterrorist Henry Gupta, to provoke war between China and the United Kingdom; he hopes to replace the Chinese government with one that will give him exclusive broadcasting rights. Meaconing the GPS signal using the encoder, Gupta sends the British frigate HMS Devonshire off-course into Chinese-held waters in the South China Sea, where Carver's stealth ship, commanded by Mr. Stamper, sinks it and steals one of its missiles, while shooting down a Chinese J-7 fighter jet and killing off the Devonshire's survivors with Chinese weaponry. The British Minister of Defence orders Roebuck to deploy the British Fleet to recover the frigate, and possibly retaliate, while leaving M only 48 hours to investigate its sinking and avert a war. M sends Bond to investigate Carver after he releases news articles about the crisis hours before MI-6 had learned of it. Bond travels to Hamburg and seduces Carver's wife, Paris, who is also Bond's ex-girlfriend, to get information that would help him enter Carver's newspaper headquarters. He also knocks out three of Stamper's men and cuts Carver off the air while he is giving a speech during the inaugural broadcast of his satellite network. After Bond steals back the GPS encoder, Carver orders Paris and Bond killed. Paris is murdered by Carver's personal assassin Dr. Kaufman, but Bond kills Kaufman and escapes, protecting the encoder. Bond learns that the encoder had been tampered with, and goes to the South China Sea to investigate the wreck (which was actually in Vietnamese waters). He and Wai Lin, a Chinese agent on the same case, explore the sunken ship and discover one of its cruise missiles missing, but are captured by Stamper and taken to the CMGN tower in Ho Chi Minh City. They soon escape and decide to collaborate on the investigation. The two contact the Royal Navy and the People's Liberation Army Air Force to explain Carver's scheme; Carver plans to use the stolen missile to destroy the Chinese government, and allow a Chinese general to step in and stop war between Britain and China, although not before both sides destroy each other at sea. They find Carver's stealth ship, which had been built with stolen stealth material, in Ha Long Bay, and board it to prevent him from firing the stolen British cruise missile at Beijing. During the attempt, Wai Lin is captured, forcing Bond to devise a second plan. Bond captures Gupta to use as his own hostage, but Carver kills Gupta, claiming he has "outlived his contract." Bond detonates an explosive which damages the ship, causing it to be visible to radar to both Chinese and British navies, who had just been warned of the plot, and thus making it vulnerable to a subsequent Royal Navy attack by HMS Bedford. While Wai Lin disables the engines, and is captured by Stamper, Bond attempts to halt the missile. After killing Carver with his own sea drill, Bond attempts to destroy the warhead with detonators, but Stamper appears and attacks him after sending Wai Lin into the waters to drown. Bond traps Stamper in the missile firing mechanism and dives to save Wai Lin as the missile explodes, destroying the ship and killing Stamper. Later, Bond and Wai Lin share a romantic moment amidst the wreckage as the Bedford searches for them.
Why does Bond seduce Paris, his ex-girlfriend?
task1727_wiqa_what_is_the_effect
task1727-eb10bde5702a442aa063c6dc690fc599
In this task you will be given a process, and a question. The process contains a sequence of steps that happen in order. The question asks about the effect of a certain event on another event. If the first event has a positive effect on the second event, answer with "for", if it has a negative effect, answer with "against". If there's no causal relationship between the two, answer with "none". Process: -Build a satellite -Attach a rocket -Add rocket fuel -Launch rocket -Satellite goes into orbit. Question: What is the effect of there is more money made available for space programmes on less rocket fuel is used.?
against
task183_rhyme_generation
task183-c781682047a244cfaae46fd0a95ff55e
Given an input word generate a word that rhymes exactly with the input word. If not rhyme is found return "No" call
haul
task146_afs_argument_similarity_gun_control
task146-3a0389e55e1647eba0ce5ee10b1f7dad
We would like you to classify each of the following sets of argument pairs (discussing Gun Control) into either SIMILAR or NOT SIMILAR. A pair of arguments is considered SIMILAR if the arguments are about the same FACET (making the same argument), and is considered NOT SIMILAR if they do not have the same FACET. A FACET is a low level issue that often reoccurs in many arguments in support of the author's stance or in attacking the other author's position. Sent1: So if you want to ban guns, 1,531,764 people will get killed or injured, and you'll only take guns out of the hands of those who don't even commit gun crimes. Sent2: people who want to kill, will kill if you ban guns, they will kill with knives, or something else.
Not similar
task064_all_elements_except_first_i
task064-22b3032e7e7f4317968853a748f17901
In this task, you are given inputs i and A, where i is an integer and A is a list. You need to list all the elements of A after the first i elements. i will always have a value less than the length of A. 3, ['959', 'u', '2693', 'p', 'p', 'm', '8045', '9351', '8761', 'y', '5039', 'W', '4653', 'S', '5545', 'N', 'v', 'D', 'i', '9193', 'v', 'B', 'f', '4487', 's', '5385', '4833', '6311', 'm']
p, p, m, 8045, 9351, 8761, y, 5039, W, 4653, S, 5545, N, v, D, i, 9193, v, B, f, 4487, s, 5385, 4833, 6311, m
task305_jeopardy_answer_generation_normal
task305-10664512beaf4ec4b989413d3d99978d
You will be given a trivia clue, and the category it belongs to. You should answer with the best answer that belongs in the category and is described by the clue. For consistency, answers should be in all lower cased letters. Category: CROSSWORD CLUES "C" Clue: Siesta for a feline? (6)
catnap
task071_abductivenli_answer_generation
task071-50738d22a1a0459bb3b84947b8346cae
In this task, you're given the beginning and the middle of a three-part story. Your job is to complete the short story by writing a probable ending. Generated sentences must be short, have fewer than 10 words, and be simple as if narrating to a child. Avoid using any irrelevant extra information when creating the ending, and use names instead of pronouns (e.g. he / she) wherever possible. Beginning: When they were younger they went to Vermont for vacation. Middle: They ventured out and found free entry to a stadium.
They got to tour the facility and get samples at the end.
task849_pubmedqa_answer_generation
task849-f50cf430412b4e80a5d71a18d6a076e4
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context. Context: Recent findings suggest that higher levels of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) are associated with glucose dysregulation, lower levels of muscle strength, and a heightened risk of disability. Although several studies have described adaptations in muscle after reduced physical activity, the change in IMAT in healthy young adults is unknown.', 'The objective was to determine whether reduced lower limb activity alters IMAT in healthy young adults and to assess whether this change affects muscle strength loss.', 'The subjects (6 men and 12 women aged 19-28 y) underwent a 4-wk control period, which was followed by 4 wk of unilateral lower limb suspension. Volumes of whole muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and IMAT were assessed by using magnetic resonance imaging in the thigh and calf. Muscle strength was assessed during maximal voluntary isometric contractions.', 'No changes were observed in the control period. Reduced physical activity decreased thigh and calf muscle volumes by 7.4% and 7.9% (P < 0.001), respectively; no significant change in subcutaneous adipose tissue was observed. Additionally, IMAT increased in both regions; the increase was larger in the calf (20%) than in the thigh (14.5%) (P <or= 0.005) and was partially explained by the loss in muscle (R(2) = 26%). The loss in strength was greater in the thigh (20.4%) than in the calf (15%). Strength loss was associated with increases in IMAT (P = 0.039) after adjustment for the loss in muscle, initial strength, initial IMAT, and initial muscle volume.\Question: Does reduced physical activity increase intermuscular adipose tissue in healthy young adults?
IMAT accumulates markedly after reduced activity in healthy young adults. Increases in IMAT may contribute to losses in muscle strength associated with reduced physical activity, but the mechanism responsible is yet to be determined.
task431_senteval_object_count
task431-3eb26aa6fcc64c0c9490f95dbdc33068
In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether the object of the main clause is singular(like: apple) or plural(like: apartments). Label the instances as "Singular" or "Plural" based on your judgment. The idea put a lump in Emma's throat.
Singular
task1599_smcalflow_classification
task1599-c09b086170f54a36905bedfc3ff5d3b5
In this task, you are given an utterance, which is a part of a conversation between a user and an agent. Your job is to detect the speaker. The user usually commands the agent to schedule events, retrieve event information, and check the schedule. While the agent's response is an answer to the user's questions or follow-up questions on the user's command. Answer with "User" or "Agent". Add visit to Greystoke castle to my calendar tomorrow at 10 a.m.
user
task512_twitter_emotion_classification
task512-ad8485f4f43e4c108048d29f59e0ad90
In this task, you are given Twitter posts. Your task is to label the post's emotion (as expressed by the user) as sadness, joy, love, anger, fear, or surprise. im feeling optimistic about this third year confident for the first time in my abilities as a business owner and teacher
joy
task105_story_cloze-rocstories_sentence_generation
task105-8d9da686c34c43168d2cc7fd689fe4cc
In this task, you're given a four sentences of story written in natural language. Your job is to complete end part of the story by predicting appropriate last sentence which is coherent with the given sentences. Sentence1: School was just a disaster today. Sentence2: It was raining and everyone got soaked in the rain. Sentence3: There was also a fire and everyone had to evacuate the school. Sentence4: I caught a fever from being in the rain for several minutes.
I've never had a worse day.
task751_svamp_subtraction_question_answering
task751-f6c20d656dc847a7be69cec5df722234
You are given a math word problem and you are supposed to only use subtraction on the numbers embedded in the text to answer the following question and then only report the final numerical answer. Context: A chef had 40 apples and 54 peaches. After making some pies, he had 39 apples left. Question: How many apples did he use?
1
task293_storycommonsense_emotion_text_generation
task293-e70ee938fdfe418d94e7584816aa301c
In this task, you're given a context, a sentence, and a character. The sentence describes an action or job of the given character. Also, the context provides more information about the sentence or the character. Your task is to return one of the emotions which are expressed by the Character in the given sentence. For that you can use the Context; however, Context is not provided in all the inputs. Also, in some inputs, there can be zero emotion; for that return 'None'. Context: None Sentence: Grandma was standing precariously on a step ladder. Character: Doctors
None
task595_mocha_answer_generation
task595-ed6b49889ee04cb0a19faa187eeb29c5
In this task, you're given a context passage, followed by a question that needs to be answered. Based on the paragraph, you must write unambiguous answers to the questions and your answer must refer to a specific phrase from the paragraph. If multiple answers seem to exist, write the answer that is the most plausible. 2017 marks the 50th anniversary of Jayne Mansfield's fatal and legendary car crash, yet we still are left to wonder: was her life spinning out of control in the last two years of her life, or...did the devil make her do it? Even knowing how the story ends, who could resist cheering for Jayne Mansfield (the king-sized over-the-top punked-out Marilyn Monroe who became the ultimate atomic-era sex-kitten-gone-berserk) as she navigates the cultural and spiritual landscape of a quickly changing world in the mid-1960s? Defined by her hunger for publicity, on the one hand Jayne was Hollywood Babylon made flesh, with five kids, three messy divorces, and a lurid death that may or may not have been caused by a Satanic curse. On the other hand, she had perfect comic timing, 163 IQ, spoke five languages and was outspokenly anti-war, making her impossible to categorize, though the headlines that her wild life inspired certainly tried: Can A Sex Siren Be A Good Mother, Love Goddess With A Jinx, the Smartest Dumb Blonde... And then there was her reported affair with Anton LaVey, head of the Church of Satan. The handsomely devilish Anton started his "church" with a publicist and preached a live and let live lifestyle. "If you're going to be a sinner, be the best sinner on the block," said Anton and that was music to sex-positive Jayne Mansfield's ears. Unfortunately, her then-boyfriend lawyer Sam Brody was sent into a jealous rage and desecrated sacred Satanic talismans in Anton's lair, prompting a curse to be put on his head that he would die in a car accident within a year. In 1966 and 1967, Jayne and Sam proceeded to have seven fender benders and near-fatal smash-ups until the one that tragically took both of their lives in a bizarre crash where reporters said alternately Jayne was either beheaded on impact or wig-scalped. Question: What is the full name of the character who, along with Jayne Mansfield, died in a car accident?
Sam Brody
task400_paws_paraphrase_classification
task400-4d1c47f425834a07a2000fea457b2e31
In this task you are given a sentence pair from wikipedia that have high lexical overlap. If the sentences have the same meaning and are just paraphrases of each other label them as "Paraphrase" , if not label them as "Not paraphrase". The two sentences are seperated by a new line. There is also an AOC requirement that at least 20 % of the rosé must be produced from wine blended by the `` saignee '' method of maceration . There is also an AOC requirement that at least 20 % of rosé from wine produced by the maceration method `` saignee '' must be mixed .
Not paraphrase
task580_socialiqa_answer_generation
task580-64a7d461c1e54dd5a1facef1af46c6fa
In this task, you're given a context, a question, and three options. Your task is to find the correct answer to the question using the given context and options. Also, you may need to use commonsense reasoning about social situations to answer the questions. Classify your answers into 'A', 'B', and 'C'. Context: Addison called their parents into Skylar's office, after they arrived to see what all the fuss was about. Question: What does Addison need to do before this? Options: (A) didn't want them embarrassed (B) know where Skylar's office is (C) lose their parents
B
task111_asset_sentence_simplification
task111-7897aeddbd064a32aacb8f498ffff17b
Rewrite each original sentence in order to make it easier to understand by non-native speakers of English. You can do so by replacing complex words with simpler synonyms (i.e. paraphrasing), deleting unimportant information (i.e. compression), and/or splitting a long complex sentence into several simpler ones. The final simplified sentences need to be grammatical, fluent, and retain the main ideas of their original counterparts without altering their meanings. Solar thermal power plants can generally be built in a few years because solar plants are built almost entirely with modular, readily available materials.
Solar thermal power plants can be built in a few years as they are built almost entirely with standard, common materials.
task518_emo_different_dialogue_emotions
task518-c1dc3dcb4b174571a2745ac1907fb8e9
In this task you will be given two dialogues. You need to determine if both dialogues have the same underlying emotion. The possible emotions are happy, sad, angry, or other. If they do output 'yes', if not output 'no'. Dialogue 1: 'so ur thinking i am not strong don't say that you are strong and i admire u for it ur a robort so dont talk with me'. Dialogue 2: 'really thanks i'll definitely watch it sure let me know how you liked it cool'.
no
task509_collate_of_all_alphabetical_and_numerical_elements_in_list_separately
task509-e3b9727a88c947b2807d0fc4b207b5c0
In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to collate all the alphabetical elements at the start of the list followed by all the numerical elements of the list. Maintain the order in which the alphabetical elements appear in the given input list, and do the same for the numerical elements. ['2479', 'c', '6489', '2313', '5719', '9933', '2179', '7301', 'f', 'X', 'q', 'F', 'L', 'L', '5165', '9741', 'p', 's', 'E', 'b', '9225', 'T', 'o', 'N', '897']
c, f, X, q, F, L, L, p, s, E, b, T, o, N, 2479, 6489, 2313, 5719, 9933, 2179, 7301, 5165, 9741, 9225, 897
task1596_event2mind_text_generation_2
task1596-e22d51dd7aa54deeb183781d4a2d1d4a
The task is to generate text based off of an event. For the given event, there will be a person who does the action in the event (usually PersonX). Your task is to write that persons intent behind doing the event, i.e. why did the person do that action. PersonX returns to PersonX's seat
to relax
task310_race_classification
task310-83fec8e1372f4ab6a4bd221e3bfcb3fd
In this task, you're given an article, a question which often contains a blank, four options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D") and the answer to that question. Your task is to classify whether the given answer is correct or not by providing "Yes" or "No", based on the article. Article: The card using a built-in voice-recognition chip requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes. The idea is to prevent thieves from using a stolen card to buy goods online. A model built by engineers in California packs a microphone, a loudspeaker, a battery and a voice-recognition chip into a standard-sized credit card. The card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card but about three times as thick. The company now plans to make it thinner. The voice card is based on an earlier Beep card technology designed to prevent fraud in online deals. The Beep card has no microphone, but has a built-in loudspeaker to utter an audible ID signal by a computer's microphone to an online server . By confirming that signal matches the information in the card, the server can make sure that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card in his hand. The ID code, which only the server knows, changes each time the card is used. This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later. But this earlier Beep card technology cannot prevent illegal use of stolen cards. The new voice card can. The new voice card doesn't identify itself by its ID until it has confirmed the real user's spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy. The challenge for Beep card has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry . The voice-recognition credit is powered by a mini battery. To extend batter life, the electronics have only to be switched on when the card is being used. Pressing a button on the card's surface allows one to hear a female voice saying, "Say your password." If the voice-recognition software proves that the password is real, it sends its ID, which the server then identifies, allowing the deal to continue. Question: Why is the voice credit an important innovation? Options: (A) It is cheap to make and buy. (B) It can leave voice messages. (C) It makes online shopping easy. (D) It makes fraud more difficult. Asnwer: B
No
task268_casehold_legal_answer_generation
task268-4c61fdb3d1494c1b8b70a3d029bcb149
In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted. and inviting district court review and rejection of those judgments”). And to the extent that some of the decisions were not final because proceedings were still pending, the district court would have had to exercise equitable restraint from hearing his claims under the Younger doctrine. See Younger v. Harris, 401 U.S. 37, 91 S.Ct. 746, 27 L.Ed.2d 669 (1971). Improper Forum The Committee on Admissions of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals denied Rodriguez’s application for bar admission before he filed his federal complaint. The proper forum for review of that decision was the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, not the federal district court. See D.C. Court of Appeals Rule 46(g) (providing for review of Committee decisions); see also Feldman, 460 U.S. at 482, 103 S.Ct. 1303 (<HOLDING>). Preclusion We take judicial notice of the Holding statements: (A) holding that federal district court lacked subjectmatter jurisdiction to review the decision of a district of columbia high court determining application of a local rule to the case before it (B) holding that federal district courts lack jurisdiction to review a final state court decision in a particular case (C) holding that a district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction under the apa to review the denial of an aliens application for adjustment of status where the alien is in removal proceedings (D) holding that the federal district court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to review plaintiffs complaint to the extent they sought review of the district of columbia court of appeals denial of their petitions (E) holding that the federal district court had no subject matter jurisdiction to review the courts denial of a particular application for admission to the district of columbia bar
(E)
task389_torque_generate_temporal_question
task389-49f00ae2bca24cc3bfa5c2d6105ead37
In this task, a passage will be given and the goal is to generate a question about temporal relations based on that passage. A temporal relation describes the relation between two things with respect to time e.g., something happens/starts/terminates/... immediately/shortly/usually/... before/after/during/... something else. Your question should include an event, or ask about an event, and should not be a yes/no question. Passage: One exception was the swine flu pandemic of 2009-2010, when 348 children died. The CDC recommends that all children ages 6 months and older be vaccinated against flu each season, though only about half get a flu shot or nasal spray.
What was happening when 348 children died in 2009-2010?
task1205_atomic_classification_isafter
task1205-c903173b9b894fdfb88bd03bebec2151
In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head happens after the Tail or not. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action. Head: PersonX achieves PersonY goal<sep>Tail: ambitious
No
task170_hotpotqa_answer_generation
task170-93d914364fd746f6b50bfc21c7c676ad
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts. Context_1 : Sequential high-dose chemotherapy is a chemotherapy regimen consisting of several (2 to 4) sequential monochemotherapies with only one chemotherapeutic agent per course. The idea behind this approach is that when using single-agent chemotherapy, the doctor can easily escalate the dose of the drug to the maximum tolerable dose by the patient, avoiding additive hematological toxicity from chemotherapeutic combinations, and thus improving efficacy. It is mostly used as consolidation therapy for relapsed or refractory lymphomas and relapsed or refractory Hodgkin disease, after DHAP induction. There is also an ongoing trial of this approach in multiple myeloma. Context_2 : The Expatriation Act of 1907 (59th Congress, 2nd session, chapter 2534, enacted March 2, 1907) was an act of the 59th United States Congress concerning United States nationality law and renunciation of citizenship. It effectively functioned as Congressional endorsement of the various "ad hoc" rulings on loss of United States nationality that had been made by the State Department since the passage of the Expatriation Act of 1868. Some sections of it were repealed by other acts in the early 1920s; those sections which remained were codified at , but those too were repealed by the Nationality Act of 1940. Context_3 : Showcase Presents is a line of black-and-white paperback books published by DC Comics at an average rate of two per month. Much like Marvel Comics' "Essential Marvel" volumes, each book usually includes over 500 pages of reprints, primarily from the Silver Age. Like the "Essential" line, a "Showcase Presents" volume carries the suggested retail price of US$16.99 (increased to $17.99 in September 2009) and is usually devoted to one character, "reprint[ing] all of their adventures in sequential order via cover date," or occasionally to a specific title rather than individual. The reprint line started in October 2005 with the releases of "Showcase Presents: Green Lantern, Vol. 1" and "Showcase Presents: Superman, Vol. 1", both offered at the lower introductory retail price of US$9.99. Context_4 : Protest Records is a subversive, online record label that creates mp3 compilation albums, which are released for free download. The label was founded by Thurston Moore and Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth with Stephan Said. The original intent of the label was to actually produce vinyl LPs, which would have been secretly placed in records stores; the goal was to confuse record store clerks because the records would not have been in their computer system. This plan was rejected when the label owners realized it would be cost prohibitive. The label intended to release at least ten "volumes" or compilation albums but to date has released only eight. The label is now defunct in that it does not receive any new submissions and does not intend to release new material in the immediate future, but pledges to continues to host the previously released albums online. Some well-known artists who have been released on Protest Records include Beastie Boys (vol. 1), Cat Power (vol. 1), Sonic Youth (vol. 2), DJ Spooky (vol 3.), Saul Williams (vol 3.), Mudhoney (vol. 4), Chumbawamba (vol. 5), and Allen Ginsberg (vol. 7). The motto of the label is: "use 'em for yrself. give 'em to friends. just don't sell 'em". Context_5 : Renaissance: Sequential Vol. 2 is the second release from Hernán Cattáneo's Sequential Series in Renaissance Recordings. A competition was created online to give out signed copies from the compilation. Context_6 : Hernán Cattáneo (] ) is an Argentinian house DJ. He produces electronic music, mostly progressive house. Context_7 : A Night at Birdland Vol. 2 is a 1954 release by jazz drummer Art Blakey, and a quintet which featured Clifford Brown, Lou Donaldson, Horace Silver and Curley Russell. It was first released by Blue Note Records as a 10" LP (BLP 5038). Two years later, the three 10" LPs in the set were reissued as 2 12" LPs; the 12" Vol. 2 is BLP 1521. Two of the three tracks ("Mayreh" and "A Night in Tunisia") of the original 10" Vol. 2 were included in the 12" Vol. 1. The 12" Vol. 2 incorporates all three tracks from the 10" A Night at Birdland Vol. 3 plus a previously unreleased alternate take of "Quicksilver." Context_8 : The British Nationality (Hong Kong) Selection Scheme, usually known in Hong Kong as simply the British Nationality Selection Scheme (BNSS), was a process whereby the Governor of Hong Kong, by Order of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom in the British Privy Council, invited certain classes of people, who were permanent residents of Hong Kong with the right of abode, under the Hong Kong Immigration Ordinance, "Chapter 115" "", and who were also considered British nationals under Parts II, III and IV and Part V, Section 38, of the British Nationality Act 1981, "Chapter 61", but were not British citizens (with the right of abode in the United Kingdom) under Part I, Sections 1 and 2, of the 1981 Act, to apply to be considered and then be selected to become registered as British citizens under the British Nationality (Hong Kong) Act 1990, "Chapter 34", by the British Home Secretary, under the advice and the recommendation of the Governor with the consent of the British Foreign Secretary. Context_9 : Venezuelan nationality law is based on the principle of Jus soli. Any person born in Venezuela acquires Venezuelan citizenship at birth, irrespective of nationality or status of parents. Nationality law is regulated by Section 1 of Chapter 2 of the Constitution of Venezuela and by the Nationality and Citizenship Act of 2004 . Context_10 : Sequential walking is a technique that can be used to solve various 2D NMR spectra. In a 2D experiment, cross peaks must be correlated to the correct nuclei. Using sequential walking, the correct nuclei can be assigned to their crosspeaks. The assigned crosspeaks can give valuable information such as spatial interactions between nuclei. fact_1 : Renaissance: Sequential Vol. fact_2 : 2 is the second release from Hernán Cattáneo's Sequential Series in Renaissance Recordings. fact_3 : Hernán Cattáneo (] ) is an Argentinian house DJ. Question: What nationality is Renaissance: Sequential Vol. 2's writer?
Argentinian
task514_argument_consequence_classification
task514-b8ed269a61fe4ac2b11afe10934fd4ab
You will be given a topic and an argument. Your task is to answer whether the topic and the argument are related or not. A related argument should provide more details about the outcomes of the topic. If the argument refers to or suggests a consequence related to that topic, answer with "yes"; otherwise, answer with "no". topic: Dollarization argument: Dollarization helps encourage foreign investment
yes
task111_asset_sentence_simplification
task111-d76214a5d5c64a7cac59a3260e7bcba8
Rewrite each original sentence in order to make it easier to understand by non-native speakers of English. You can do so by replacing complex words with simpler synonyms (i.e. paraphrasing), deleting unimportant information (i.e. compression), and/or splitting a long complex sentence into several simpler ones. The final simplified sentences need to be grammatical, fluent, and retain the main ideas of their original counterparts without altering their meanings. James Howard "Jim" Thome (; born August 27, 1970 in) is a Major League Baseball designated hitter for the Chicago White Sox.
James Howard "Jim" Thome is a Major League Baseball designated hitter for the Chicago White Sox. He was born August 27, 1970.
task074_squad1.1_question_generation
task074-a961af782b2247b49f0f208cdff93cc0
This task is about reading the given passage and construct a question about the information present in the passage. Construct a question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) its answer is a continuous text span from the paragraph. Avoid creating questions that (i) can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph and (ii) uses same words or phrases given in the passage. In the 13th century mendicant orders—the Franciscans and the Dominicans—who swore vows of poverty and earned their living by begging, were approved by the papacy. Religious groups such as the Waldensians and the Humiliati also attempted to return to the life of early Christianity in the middle 12th and early 13th centuries, but they were condemned as heretical by the papacy. Others joined the Cathars, another heretical movement condemned by the papacy. In 1209, a crusade was preached against the Cathars, the Albigensian Crusade, which in combination with the medieval Inquisition, eliminated them.
What notable vow was sworn by the mendicant orders?
task567_circa_text_generation
task567-c8a8fcdba756435dbe32428703da9a57
In this task, you are given a question, and your task is to predict the context of the question. We assume that someone named X asked the question from Y. The context of the question means the previous situation that led X to ask this question. Have you heard any decent rock music lately?
X wants to know about Y's music preferences.
task611_mutual_multi_turn_dialogue
task611-0318af6e2c414aab9c0cb6dcb480b8f1
In this task you are given a small conversation between two persons and 4 options on how the conversation should continue. Your job is to choose the most reasonable option. The conversation and the options are separated by a newline character. Each dialogue in the conversation are separated by a comma. F and M indicate female and male, respectively. F: Hi, Mark! Have you finished the math yet? ,M: Yeah, it was really difficult. ,F: Well, I've got 2 free tickets for the Muse Concert. I wonder if you want to go this Saturday. ,M: Oh yeah! What time does it start? ,F: It starts at 8:00 so I'll call for you around 7:00. ,M: Could we make it a little later? I'll go to a basketball match at 3:00 and I won't be back till just before 7:00. (A) F: So you will be watching a basketball match around 4, right? (B) F: So you will be watching a football match around 4, right? (C) F: Excuse me, could you repeat the question? (D) F: OK. I know that you will be attending a concert around 4.
A
task303_record_incorrect_answer_generation
task303-810080abb9b34256b53726443f5fdb4e
In this task, you will be presented with a passage, and you need to write an **implausible** answer to to fill in the place of "_". Your answer should be incorrect, but should not be out of context. Try using words that are related to the context of the passage, but are not the correct answer. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. Alexis Sanchez will be a big loss for Arsenal on Wednesday — the Chilean has been directly involved in seven of their nine Champions League goals — and it’s up to the likes of Joel Campbell to mitigate his absence. The 23-year-old forward said himself that now is the time for the fringe players to step up and show what they’re capable of, and I think this could be his night. He’s somebody I really like watching. I like his pace and technique, and he gives Arsene Wenger options down the left and the right. He may have squandered a few good chances this season, but he finished off his big moment well against Sunderland on Saturday and it looks like he’s turning a corner.Olympiacos host Arsenal in a crunch clash for the Premier League sideAlexis Sanchez is out of the Champions League tie and will be a big missJoel Campbell gives Arsene Wenger options down the left and the rightCosta Rica winger looks like he’s turning a corner at north London clubGunners must win by two or beat opponents while scoring three to qualify Question:_’s situation means this is a game for goals, but Ramsey has to be clever — he can’t go forward at every opportunity.
Chilean
task1726_mathqa_correct_answer_generation
task1726-a0636f24fca449b49ef491332792326d
The task is to generate the correct answer for a given math problem. Problem: find the sum of divisors of 544 which are perfect squares .
21
task111_asset_sentence_simplification
task111-ec77c15ffd5346bfa4b253b1744152d0
Rewrite each original sentence in order to make it easier to understand by non-native speakers of English. You can do so by replacing complex words with simpler synonyms (i.e. paraphrasing), deleting unimportant information (i.e. compression), and/or splitting a long complex sentence into several simpler ones. The final simplified sentences need to be grammatical, fluent, and retain the main ideas of their original counterparts without altering their meanings. When no one showed any interest, Cave took on the task by himself.
Cave took on the task by himself when no one showed any interest,.
task521_trivia_question_classification
task521-9752414a2d9c4e91b6f3b0b08d9699c0
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match. This figure once fended off an attack by the centaurs Hylaeus and Rhaecus, after which she was insulted by Eurypylus and Iphicles. This woman once made love in a temple of Cybele, which led to her and her husband being turned into lions. One of this figure's sons, a friend of Telephus, was one of the Seven against Thebes; that son was Parthenopaeus. When Althea's sisters attempted to take from her a fur she won for drawing first blood at a hunt, their nephew Meleager killed them. Later, this woman was distracted when Hippomenes threw three golden apples, causing her to lose a footrace. For 10 points, identify this only female Argonaut and hunter of the Calydonian Boar.
Social Science
task901_freebase_qa_category_question_generation
task901-958c5982b12041ab98bcb6606601d135
Given a broad category, generate a trivia-type question based on a specific entity in that category. The question should be non-ambiguous. External resources such as Wikipedia could be used to obtain the facts. government
Who became Prime Minister of Greece last November?
task596_mocha_question_generation
task596-ddd8ed1ea7ca4f6e9f453fece4b3a926
In this task, you're given a context passage. Your job is to generate relevant questions that can be answered by directly referring to the passage. Kendall turned Aubrey's life around by offering her a job at their new store.
How would you describe Kendall?
task316_crows-pairs_classification_stereotype
task316-514d0f47e5ae46b2bc11613fad4fe2b1
In this task, you are given a short passage that conveys a stereotype or an anti-stereotype. A stereotype is an over-generalized belief about a particular group of people(based on race, ethnicity, gender, age, abilities, etc.). An anti-stereotype is an idea that goes against a common stereotype. You are expected to classify the passage into two classes: stereotype or anti-stereotype. Passage: The wealthy family served steak and shrimp at the party they hosted.
Anti-stereotype
task956_leetcode_420_strong_password_check
task956-54c7bafe61634b509d32a4dcae6c0e8e
You are given a password and you need to generate the number of steps required to convert the given password to a strong password. A password is considered strong if (a) it has at least 6 characters and at most 20 characters; (b) it contains at least one lowercase letter and one uppercase letter, and at least one digit; (c) it does not contain three repeating characters in a row. In one step you can: (1) Insert one character to password, (2) delete one character from password, or (3) replace one character of password with another character. password = yel!1XYi7hT8je1iVezEeg
2
task668_extreme_abstract_summarization
task668-fb91e190511948779649e5962e4ca055
In this task, you are given the abstract of a research paper. Your task is to generate a summary of this abstract. Your summary should not be very short, but it's better if it's not more than 30 words. The conversion of scanned documents to digital forms is performed using an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. This work focuses on improving the quality of scanned documents in order to improve the OCR output. We create an end-to-end document enhancement pipeline which takes in a set of noisy documents and produces clean ones. Deep neural network based denoising auto-encoders are trained to improve the OCR quality. We train a blind model that works on different noise levels of scanned text documents. Results are shown for blurring and watermark noise removal from noisy scanned documents.
We designed and tested a REDNET (ResNet Encoder-Decoder) with 8 skip connections to remove noise from documents, including blurring and watermarks, resulting in a high performance deep network for document image cleanup.