id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40,776,948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derived%20scheme | In algebraic geometry, a derived scheme is a homotopy-theoretic generalization of a scheme in which classical commutative rings are replaced with derived versions such as differential graded algebras, commutative simplicial rings, or commutative ring spectra.
From the functor of points point-of-view, a derived scheme... | Derived scheme | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,274 | [
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Topology",
"Space",
"Geometry",
"Algebraic geometry",
"Spacetime"
] |
40,778,281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derived%20algebraic%20geometry | Derived algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics that generalizes algebraic geometry to a situation where commutative rings, which provide local charts, are replaced by either differential graded algebras (over ), simplicial commutative rings or -ring spectra from algebraic topology, whose higher homotopy groups a... | Derived algebraic geometry | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,796 | [
"Ring theory",
"Algebraic topology",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Topology",
"Algebraic geometry"
] |
40,780,016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PaloDEx | PaloDEx Group is a Finnish company making equipment for dental radiography. Since 2009, the company is owned by the American Envista Holdings Corporation which is a spinn-off company from Danaher Corporation since December 2019.
The company was started in 1964 as Palomex Oy to manufacture the Orthopantomograph®, a de... | PaloDEx | [
"Biology"
] | 284 | [
"Danaher Corporation",
"Life sciences industry"
] |
40,781,220 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3zef%20Luba%C5%84ski | Józef Kazimierz Lubański (1914 – 8 December 1946) was a Polish theoretical physicist. He developed the Pauli–Lubanski pseudovector in relativistic quantum mechanics.
Life and works
Lubanski obtained the degree of magister philosophies at Wilna in 1937. He then worked for two years as an assistant in theoretical physi... | Józef Lubański | [
"Physics"
] | 279 | [
"Quantum physicists",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
40,782,000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplicial%20commutative%20ring | In algebra, a simplicial commutative ring is a commutative monoid in the category of simplicial abelian groups, or, equivalently, a simplicial object in the category of commutative rings. If A is a simplicial commutative ring, then it can be shown that is a ring and are modules over that ring (in fact, is a graded r... | Simplicial commutative ring | [
"Mathematics"
] | 499 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Mathematical objects",
"Ring theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Algebraic structures",
"Commutative algebra"
] |
40,782,363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semicircle%20law%20%28quantum%20Hall%20effect%29 | The semicircle law, in condensed matter physics, is a mathematical relationship that occurs between quantities measured in the quantum Hall effect. It describes a relationship between the anisotropic and isotropic components of the macroscopic conductivity tensor , and, when plotted, appears as a semicircle.
The s... | Semicircle law (quantum Hall effect) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 350 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Hall effect",
"Phases of matter",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
"Electrical phenomena",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Solid state engineering",
"Matter"
] |
50,871,925 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%20bodies | R bodies (from refractile bodies, also R-bodies) are polymeric protein inclusions formed inside the cytoplasm of bacteria. Initially discovered in kappa particles, bacterial endosymbionts of the ciliate Paramecium, R bodies (and genes encoding them) have since been discovered in a variety of taxa.
Morphology, assembly... | R bodies | [
"Biology"
] | 422 | [
"Biotechnology",
"Cell biology",
"nan"
] |
50,873,599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staff%20gauge | A staff gauge or head gauge is calibrated scale which is used to provide a visual indication of liquid level. When installed perpendicular to an inclined or sloped surface, a staff gauge is usually calibrated so that the indicated level is the true vertical level.
Staff gauges are commonly installed at stream gauging... | Staff gauge | [
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 124 | [
"Hydrology",
"Hydrology instrumentation",
"Measuring instruments",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water supply"
] |
50,876,594 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20Science%20%28journal%29 | Surface Science is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier that covers the physics and chemistry of surfaces and interfaces. It was established in 1964. The journal encompasses Surface Science Letters, which was published separately until 1993.
The scope of the journal includes nanotechnology... | Surface Science (journal) | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 128 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Nanotechnology journals",
"Materials science journals",
"Materials science journal stubs",
"Materials science"
] |
50,880,861 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofline%20model | The roofline model is an intuitive visual performance model used to provide performance estimates of a given compute kernel or application running on multi-core, many-core, or accelerator processor architectures, by showing inherent hardware limitations, and potential benefit and priority of optimizations. By combining... | Roofline model | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,382 | [
"Software engineering",
"Software testing"
] |
50,880,883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Center%20for%20Relativistic%20Astrophysics | ICRA, the International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics is an international research institute for relativistic astrophysics and related areas. Its members are seven Universities and four organizations. The center is located in Rome, Italy.
The International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA) was founded... | International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,927 | [
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Astrophysics"
] |
60,027,450 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Target%20Malaria | Target Malaria is a not-for-profit international research consortium that aims to co-develop and share novel genetic technologies to help control malaria in Africa. The consortium brings together research institutes and universities from Africa, Europe and North America.
The project is working to develop genetically m... | Target Malaria | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 779 | [
"Genetics techniques",
"Genome editing",
"Pest control",
"Genetic engineering",
"Pests (organism)"
] |
60,034,038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Cancer%20Agents%20in%20Medicinal%20Chemistry | Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the disciplines of medicinal chemistry and drug design relating to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer. It is published by Bentham Science Publishers and the editor-in-chief is Simone Carradori ("G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pes... | Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry | [
"Chemistry"
] | 195 | [
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Medicinal chemistry journals",
"Medicinal chemistry",
"Medicinal chemistry stubs"
] |
60,035,395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial%20femtosecond%20crystallography | Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is a form of X-ray crystallography developed for use at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). Single pulses at free-electron lasers are bright enough to generate resolvable Bragg diffraction from sub-micron crystals. However, these pulses also destroy the crystals, meaning that a ... | Serial femtosecond crystallography | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 680 | [
"X-ray crystallography",
"Crystallography"
] |
57,084,837 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterogeneous%20gold%20catalysis | Heterogeneous gold catalysis refers to the use of elemental gold as a heterogeneous catalyst. As in most heterogeneous catalysis, the metal is typically supported on metal oxide. Furthermore, as seen in other heterogeneous catalysts, activity increases with a decreasing diameter of supported gold clusters. Several indu... | Heterogeneous gold catalysis | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 5,557 | [
"Catalysis",
"Chemical reaction engineering",
"Surface science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan",
"Chemical kinetics"
] |
57,088,643 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceedings%20of%20the%20Institution%20of%20Electrical%20Engineers | Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers was a series journals which published the proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers. It was originally established as the Journal of the Society of Telegraph Engineers in 1872, and was known under several titles over the years, such as Journal of the I... | Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers | [
"Engineering"
] | 926 | [
"Institution of Engineering and Technology",
"Institution of Engineering and Technology academic journals",
"Electronic engineering",
"Electrical engineering",
"Electrical and electronic engineering journals"
] |
57,091,934 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion%20implantation-induced%20nanoparticle%20formation | Ion implantation-induced nanoparticle formation is a technique for creating nanometer-sized particles for use in electronics.
Ion implantation
Ion Implantation is a technique extensively used in the field of materials science for material modification. The effect it has on nanomaterials allows manipulation of mechani... | Ion implantation-induced nanoparticle formation | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 214 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Materials science",
"Nanotechnology stubs",
"nan",
"Nanotechnology"
] |
57,093,897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design%20Commons | Design Commons is a deconstructed conference founded by the CEO of Interactive Africa, Ravi Naidoo in collaboration with World Design Weeks founder Kari Korkman. The event was established in 2017 and acts as a travelling discussion platform on the future of cities.
Unlike the conventional conference format, Design Com... | Design Commons | [
"Engineering"
] | 210 | [
"Urban planning",
"Architecture"
] |
57,094,192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastus | Kastus Technologies is an Irish multinational nanotechnology company that specialises in patented, visible-light-activated, photocatalytic, antimicrobial coatings. These coatings prevent the growth of bacteria on surfaces such as ceramics, glass, and touchscreens, with no negative side effects for the end user. Founded... | Kastus | [
"Materials_science"
] | 557 | [
"Nanotechnology",
"Nanotechnology companies"
] |
57,094,769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knudsen%20absolute%20manometer | A Knudsen absolute manometer is an instrument to measure absolute pressures. Named after Martin Knudsen.
Working principle
Pressure is determined by the interaction of particles with a surface, its kinetic energy, and is temperature dependent. When a particle hits a hotter surface, heat transfer will take place and ... | Knudsen absolute manometer | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 228 | [
"Pressure gauges",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
46,809,749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penicillium%20molle | Penicillium molle is an anamorph species of the genus Penicillium.
References
molle
Fungi described in 1980
Fungus species | Penicillium molle | [
"Biology"
] | 32 | [
"Fungi",
"Fungus species"
] |
46,814,568 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic%20state%20transition | In photosynthesis, state transitions are rearrangements of the photosynthetic apparatus which occur on short time-scales (seconds to minutes). The effect is prominent in cyanobacteria, whereby the phycobilisome light-harvesting antenna complexes alter their preference for transfer of excitation energy between the two ... | Photosynthetic state transition | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 260 | [
"Biochemistry stubs",
"Biotechnology stubs",
"Biochemistry",
"nan"
] |
46,815,495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metanephrines | The metanephrines are a group of molecules consisting of metanephrine and normetanephrine.
An article in the Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002, indicated that the measurement of plasma free levels of metanephrines is the best tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, an adrenal medullary neoplasm.
Re... | Metanephrines | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 96 | [
"Chemical pathology",
"Tumor markers",
"Biomarkers"
] |
46,818,848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPNdB | Effective perceived noise in decibels (EPNdB) or Effective Perceived Noise Level (EPNL) is a measure of the relative noisiness of an individual aircraft pass-by event. It is used for aircraft noise certification and applies to an individual aircraft, not the noise exposure from an airport. Separate ratings are stated f... | EPNdB | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 668 | [
"Quantity",
"Sound measurements",
"Physical quantities"
] |
53,705,242 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Trefonas | Peter Trefonas (born 1958) is a retired DuPont Fellow (a senior scientist) at DuPont, where he had worked on the development of electronic materials. He is known for innovations in the chemistry of photolithography, particularly the development of anti-reflective coatings and polymer photoresists that are used to creat... | Peter Trefonas | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,389 | [
"Physical chemists",
"Inorganic chemists",
"Photochemists",
"Polymer chemistry",
"Polymer scientists and engineers"
] |
53,706,711 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested%20wells | Nested wells, also referred to as nested monitoring wells, are composed of multiple tubes or pipes, typically terminating with short screened intervals (2–3 ft), installed in single boreholes. Sand packs must be installed at the screen depths and seals in the borehole are constructed between the sand packs. Nested well... | Nested wells | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 598 | [
"Hydrology",
"Water wells",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
53,706,715 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event%20storming | Event storming is a workshop-based method to quickly find out what is happening in the domain of a software program.
Compared to other methods it is extremely lightweight and intentionally requires no support by a computer.
The result is expressed in sticky notes on a wide wall.
The business process is "stormed out" a... | Event storming | [
"Engineering"
] | 562 | [
"Design",
"Software design"
] |
53,707,822 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactivity%20Fixatives | Radioactivity or radionuclide fixatives are specialized polymer coatings used to “fix” radioactive isotopes or radioactive material to surfaces. These fixatives, also known as permanent coatings in the radioactive contamination control field, have been used for many decades in facilities processing radioactive material... | Radioactivity Fixatives | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 243 | [
"Nuclear chemistry stubs",
"Nuclear and atomic physics stubs",
"Radioactivity",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
53,713,224 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20thermodynamics | Computational thermodynamics is the use of computers to simulate thermodynamic problems specific to materials science, particularly used in the construction of phase diagrams.
Several open and commercial programs exist to perform these operations. The concept of the technique is minimization of Gibbs free energy of th... | Computational thermodynamics | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,009 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Materials science",
"nan",
"Computational physics"
] |
58,527,422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20Spectroscopy%20In%20Natural%20Sciences%20and%20Engineering | COmputational Spectroscopy In Natural Sciences and Engineering (COSINE) is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network in the field of theoretical and computational chemistry, focused on computational spectroscopy. The main goal of the projects is to develop theoretical tools: computational codes based on elec... | Computational Spectroscopy In Natural Sciences and Engineering | [
"Chemistry"
] | 482 | [
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Computational chemistry"
] |
58,535,019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imputation%20and%20Variance%20Estimation%20Software | Imputation and Variance Estimation Software (IVEware) is a collection of routines written under various platforms and packaged to perform multiple imputations, variance estimation (or standard error) and, in general, draw inferences from incomplete data. It can also be used to perform analysis without any missing data.... | Imputation and Variance Estimation Software | [
"Mathematics"
] | 702 | [
"Statistical software",
"Mathematical software"
] |
58,537,932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C25H32O3 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C25H32O3}}
The molecular formula C25H32O3 (molar mass: 380.520 g/mol, exact mass: 380.2351 u) may refer to:
Levonorgestrel cyclopropylcarboxylate
Nilestriol
Molecular formulas | C25H32O3 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 70 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
58,537,950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C26H34O3 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C26H34O3}}
The molecular formula C26H34O3 (molar mass: 394.546 g/mol) may refer to:
Androstanolone benzoate
Levonorgestrel cyclobutylcarboxylate
Molecular formulas | C26H34O3 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 67 | [
"Molecules",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas",
"Isomerism",
"Molecular formulas",
"Matter"
] |
55,215,371 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ced-3 | Ced-3 is one of the major protein components of the programmed cell death (PCD) pathway for Caenorhabditis elegans. There are in total 14 genes that are involved in programmed cell death, other important ones including ced-4 and ced-9 genes. The healthy nematode worm will require 131 somatic cell deaths out of the 109... | Ced-3 | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,381 | [
"Senescence",
"Programmed cell death",
"Signal transduction"
] |
55,215,749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan%20time%20system | The Catalan time system is the traditional manner in which to tell time in Catalan, and it is exclusive to this language. Telling the time through this system works by dividing it in fractions of a quarter and half a quarter of an hour. Hour-fractions refer to the starting hour, taking into account that when a clock re... | Catalan time system | [
"Physics"
] | 683 | [
"Spacetime",
"Time measurement systems",
"Physical quantities",
"Time"
] |
52,320,486 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostebol%20acetate | Clostebol acetate (BAN; brand names Macrobin, Steranabol, Alfa-Trofodermin, and Megagrisevit; also known as 4-chlorotestosterone 17β-acetate (4-CLTA) or 4-chloroandrost-4-en-17β-ol-3-one 17β-acetate) is a synthetic, injected anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) and a derivative of testosterone that is marketed in Germany ... | Clostebol acetate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 246 | [
"Chemicals in medicine",
"Prodrugs"
] |
52,322,492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remdesivir | Remdesivir, sold under the brand name Veklury, is a broad-spectrum antiviral medication developed by the biopharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences. It is administered via injection into a vein. During the COVID19 pandemic, remdesivir was approved or authorized for emergency use to treat COVID19 in numerous countries.
... | Remdesivir | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 6,689 | [
"Antiviral drugs",
"Biocides",
"Drug discovery",
"Functional groups",
"COVID-19 drug development",
"Nitriles"
] |
52,325,106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson%27s%20parabolic%20formula | In structural engineering, Johnson's parabolic formula is an empirically based equation for calculating the critical buckling stress of a column. The formula is based on experimental results by J. B. Johnson from around 1900 as an alternative to Euler's critical load formula under low slenderness ratio (the ratio of ra... | Johnson's parabolic formula | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 718 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Physical phenomena",
"Mechanical failure modes",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Elasticity (physics)",
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Structural analysis",
"Technological failures",
"Materials science",
"Mechanics",
"nan",
"Mechanic... |
36,580,989 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnitruncated%206-simplex%20honeycomb | In six-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the omnitruncated 6-simplex honeycomb is a space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It is composed entirely of omnitruncated 6-simplex facets.
The facets of all omnitruncated simplectic honeycombs are called permutahedra and can be positioned in n+1 space with integral coordin... | Omnitruncated 6-simplex honeycomb | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 389 | [
"Tessellation",
"Crystallography",
"Honeycombs (geometry)",
"Symmetry"
] |
36,580,992 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnitruncated%208-simplex%20honeycomb | In eight-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the omnitruncated 8-simplex honeycomb is a space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It is composed entirely of omnitruncated 8-simplex facets.
The facets of all omnitruncated simplectic honeycombs are called permutahedra and can be positioned in n+1 space with integral coordi... | Omnitruncated 8-simplex honeycomb | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 399 | [
"Tessellation",
"Crystallography",
"Honeycombs (geometry)",
"Symmetry"
] |
36,580,994 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnitruncated%207-simplex%20honeycomb | In seven-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the omnitruncated 7-simplex honeycomb is a space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It is composed entirely of omnitruncated 7-simplex facets.
The facets of all omnitruncated simplectic honeycombs are called permutahedra and can be positioned in n+1 space with integral coord... | Omnitruncated 7-simplex honeycomb | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 395 | [
"Tessellation",
"Crystallography",
"Honeycombs (geometry)",
"Symmetry"
] |
36,582,500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham%20Nitzan | Abraham Nitzan (, born 1944) is a professor of chemistry at the Tel Aviv University department of chemical physics and the University of Pennsylvania department of chemistry.
Education
Abraham Nitzan was born in Tel Aviv. He received his bachelor's degree in chemistry from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem in 1964, a... | Abraham Nitzan | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,079 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Physical chemists",
"Computational chemists",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Computational chemistry",
"Theoretical chemists"
] |
40,785,234 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste%20Donnet | Jean-Baptiste Donnet (28 September 1923 in Pontgibaud (Puy-de-Dôme) – 30 November 2014 in Sentheim (Haut-Rhin)) was a French chemist who is noted as a pioneer in the surface chemistry of carbon black and as a founder of the Upper Alsace University.
He was the father of French journalist Pierre-Antoine Donnet.
Biograp... | Jean-Baptiste Donnet | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 333 | [
"Polymer scientists and engineers",
"Physical chemists",
"Polymer chemistry"
] |
40,788,000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Sea%20That%20Thinks | The Sea That Thinks (Dutch: De zee die denkt) is a 2000 Dutch experimental film directed by Gert de Graaff. The film makes heavily use of optical illusions to tell a "story within a story" revolving around a screenwriter writing a script called The Sea That Thinks. The script details what is happening around him and ... | The Sea That Thinks | [
"Physics"
] | 130 | [
"Optical phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Optical illusions"
] |
40,788,829 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annular%20fluidized%20bed | Fluidisation is a phenomenon whereby solid particulate is placed under certain conditions to cause it to behave like a fluid. A fluidized bed is a system conceived to facilitate the fluidisation. Fluidized beds have a wide range of applications including but not limited to: assisting with chemical reactions, heat trans... | Annular fluidized bed | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 3,112 | [
"Chemical equipment",
"Fluidization",
"nan"
] |
40,788,910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climbing%20and%20falling%20film%20plate%20evaporator | A climbing/falling film plate evaporator is a specialized type of evaporator in which a thin film of liquid is passed over a rising and falling plate to allow the evaporation process to occur. It is an extension of the falling film evaporator, and has application in any field where the liquid to be evaporated cannot w... | Climbing and falling film plate evaporator | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 2,663 | [
"Chemical equipment",
"Distillation",
"Evaporators"
] |
40,789,637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusher%20centrifuge | A pusher centrifuge is a type of filtration device that offers continuous operation to de-water and wash materials such as relatively incompressible feed solids, free-draining crystalline materials, polymers and fibrous substances. It consists of a constant speed rotor and is fixed to one of several baskets. This assem... | Pusher centrifuge | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 3,084 | [
"Chemical equipment",
"Centrifugation",
"Centrifuges"
] |
40,789,885 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peeler%20centrifuge | The peeler centrifuge is a device that performs by rotating filtration basket in an axis. A centrifuge follows on the principle of centrifugal force to separate solids from liquids by density difference. High rotation speed provides high centrifugal force that allows the suspended solid in feed to settle on the inner s... | Peeler centrifuge | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 5,512 | [
"Chemical equipment",
"Centrifugation",
"Centrifuges"
] |
49,803,641 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excess%20noise%20ratio | In electronics, excess noise ratio is a characteristic of a noise generator such as a "noise diode", that is used to measure the noise performance of amplifiers. The Y-factor method is a common measurement technique for this purpose.
By using a noise diode, the output noise of an amplifier is measured using two input ... | Excess noise ratio | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 571 | [
"Quantity",
"Metrics",
"Engineering ratios"
] |
49,808,784 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-parametric%20surface%20plasmon%20resonance | Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance (MP-SPR) is based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an established real-time label-free method for biomolecular interaction analysis, but it uses a different optical setup, a goniometric SPR configuration. While MP-SPR provides same kinetic information as SPR (equilibrium c... | Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 736 | [
"Protein–protein interaction assays",
"Surface science",
"Measuring instruments",
"Nanotechnology",
"Spectroscopy",
"Plasmonics",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Protein methods",
"Protein biochemistry",
"Materials science",
"Scientific instruments",
"Molecular biology techniques",
"Biophysics",
... |
43,647,930 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20drag%20pump | A molecular drag pump is a type of vacuum pump that utilizes the drag of air molecules against a rotating surface. The most common sub-type is the Holweck pump, which contains a rotating cylinder with spiral grooves which direct the gas from the high vacuum side of the pump to the low vacuum side of the pump. The older... | Molecular drag pump | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,063 | [
"Vacuum pumps",
"Vacuum systems",
"Vacuum",
"Matter"
] |
32,391,990 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipation%20model%20for%20extended%20environment | A unified model for Diffusion Localization and Dissipation (DLD), optionally termed Diffusion with Local Dissipation, has been introduced for the study of Quantal Brownian Motion (QBM) in dynamical disorder. It can be regarded as a generalization of the familiar Caldeira-Leggett model.
where denotes the dynamical coo... | Dissipation model for extended environment | [
"Physics"
] | 412 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
32,393,699 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanically%20stimulated%20gas%20emission | Mechanically stimulated gas emission (MSGE) is a complex phenomenon embracing various physical and chemical processes occurring on the surface and in the bulk of a solid under applied mechanical stress and resulting in emission of gases. MSGE is a part of a more general phenomenon of mechanically stimulated neutral emi... | Mechanically stimulated gas emission | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 751 | [
"Matter",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Phases of matter",
"Materials science",
"nan",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Physical chemistry",
"Gases"
] |
32,402,084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysilicon%20depletion%20effect | Polysilicon depletion effect is the phenomenon in which unwanted variation of threshold voltage of the MOSFET devices using polysilicon as gate material is observed, leading to unpredicted behavior of the electronic circuit. Because of this variation High-k Dielectric Metal Gates (HKMG) were introduced to solve the iss... | Polysilicon depletion effect | [
"Materials_science"
] | 839 | [
"Semiconductor technology",
"Microtechnology"
] |
32,402,755 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperparameter%20%28machine%20learning%29 | In machine learning, a hyperparameter is a parameter that can be set in order to define any configurable part of a model's learning process. Hyperparameters can be classified as either model hyperparameters (such as the topology and size of a neural network) or algorithm hyperparameters (such as the learning rate and t... | Hyperparameter (machine learning) | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,060 | [
"Artificial intelligence engineering",
"Machine learning"
] |
56,646,524 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead%20magnesium%20niobate | Lead magnesium niobate is a relaxor ferroelectric. It has been used to make piezoelectric microcantilever sensors.
References
Niobates
Magnesium compounds
Lead compounds
Piezoelectric materials | Lead magnesium niobate | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 45 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Materials science stubs",
"Condensed matter stubs",
"Materials",
"Electrical phenomena",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Piezoelectric materials",
"Electromagnetism stubs",
"Matter"
] |
56,654,711 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20network | Entropy networks have been investigated in many research areas, on the assumption that entropy can be measured in a network. The embodiment of the network is often physical or informational. An entropy network is composed of entropy containers which are often called nodes, elements, features, or regions and entropy tra... | Entropy network | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 269 | [
"Thermodynamic properties",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Entropy",
"Asymmetry",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Symmetry",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
56,656,634 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPIECA | Ipieca is a global not-for-profit oil and gas industry association for environmental and social issues, headquartered in London. The association was established in 1974 as the International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association and changed its name in 2002.
Company members contribute to Ipieca's bu... | IPIECA | [
"Chemistry"
] | 225 | [
"Petroleum industry",
"Petroleum",
"Chemical process engineering"
] |
56,657,109 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic%20risk%20in%20Malta | Seismic risk in Malta is considered to be low with little historic damage noted and no known victims. The archipelago is however in a potentially significant seismic zone and the risk to the population is probably undervalued.
Tectonics
The Maltese Archipelago rests on an underwater plateau, a relatively stable part... | Seismic risk in Malta | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,789 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Earthquake and seismic risk mitigation"
] |
38,008,960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compliant%20bonding | Compliant bonding is used to connect gold wires to electrical components such as integrated circuit "chips". It was invented by Alexander Coucoulas in the 1960s. The bond is formed well below the melting point of the mating gold surfaces and is therefore referred to as a solid-state type bond. The compliant bond is fo... | Compliant bonding | [
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,064 | [
"Computer engineering",
"Packaging (microfabrication)",
"Microtechnology",
"Semiconductor technology",
"Integrated circuits"
] |
38,013,668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelsemine | Gelsemine (C20H22N2O2) is an indole alkaloid isolated from flowering plants of the genus Gelsemium, a plant native to the subtropical and tropical Americas, and southeast Asia, and is a highly toxic compound that acts as a paralytic, exposure to which can result in death. It has generally potent activity as an agonist ... | Gelsemine | [
"Chemistry"
] | 3,115 | [
"Indole alkaloids",
"Alkaloids by chemical classification",
"Chemical ecology",
"Plant toxins"
] |
38,014,597 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain%20boundary%20sliding | Grain boundary sliding (GBS) is a material deformation mechanism where grains slide against each other. This occurs in polycrystalline material under external stress at high homologous temperature (above ~0.4) and low strain rate and is intertwined with creep. Homologous temperature describes the operating temperature ... | Grain boundary sliding | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 2,701 | [
"Deformation (mechanics)",
"Materials science"
] |
33,976,507 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/120-cell%20honeycomb | In the geometry of hyperbolic 4-space, the 120-cell honeycomb is one of five compact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs). With Schläfli symbol {5,3,3,3}, it has three 120-cells around each face. Its dual is the order-5 5-cell honeycomb, {3,3,3,5}.
Related honeycombs
It is related to the order-4 120-cel... | 120-cell honeycomb | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics"
] | 299 | [
"Honeycombs (geometry)",
"Tessellation",
"Crystallography",
"Geometry",
"Geometry stubs",
"Symmetry"
] |
33,976,509 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order-5%205-cell%20honeycomb | In the geometry of hyperbolic 4-space, the order-5 5-cell honeycomb is one of five compact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs). With Schläfli symbol {3,3,3,5}, it has five 5-cells around each face. Its dual is the 120-cell honeycomb, {5,3,3,3}.
Related honeycombs
It is related to the order-5 tesseracti... | Order-5 5-cell honeycomb | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 302 | [
"Tessellation",
"Crystallography",
"Honeycombs (geometry)",
"Symmetry"
] |
33,976,769 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mineral%20tests | Mineral tests are simple physical and chemical methods of testing samples, which can help to identify the mineral type. This approach is used widely in mineralogy, ore geology and general geological mapping.
The following tests are some examples of those that are used on hand specimens, or on field samples, or on thin... | List of mineral tests | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 987 | [
"Crystallography",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Materials science"
] |
33,984,856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Size%20effect%20on%20structural%20strength | According to the classical theories of elastic or plastic structures made from a material with non-random strength (ft), the nominal strength (σN) of a structure is independent of the structure size (D) when geometrically similar structures are considered. Any deviation from this property is called the size effect. Fo... | Size effect on structural strength | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 6,773 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Fracture mechanics",
"Continuum mechanics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Physical objects",
"Physical models",
"Materials degradation",
"Matter"
] |
45,486,119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground%20segment | A ground segment consists of all the ground-based elements of a space system used by operators and support personnel, as opposed to the space segment and user segment. The ground segment enables management of a spacecraft, and distribution of payload data and telemetry among interested parties on the ground. The primar... | Ground segment | [
"Engineering"
] | 2,165 | [
"Spacecraft communication",
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
45,487,366 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction%20of%20the%20Cheyenne%20Mountain%20Complex | Construction of the Cheyenne Mountain Complex began with the excavation of Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado Springs, Colorado on May 18, 1961. It was made fully operational on February 6, 1967. It is a military installation and hardened nuclear bunker from which the North American Aerospace Defense Command was headquarter... | Construction of the Cheyenne Mountain Complex | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,720 | [
"Underground construction",
"United States Army Corps of Engineers",
"Engineering units and formations",
"Construction",
"Civil engineering"
] |
45,498,354 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid%20kinematics | Fluid kinematics is a term from fluid mechanics, usually referring to a mere mathematical description or specification of a flow field, divorced from any account of the forces and conditions that might actually create such a flow. The term fluids includes liquids or gases, but also may refer to materials that behave wi... | Fluid kinematics | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 272 | [
"Machines",
"Kinematics",
"Physical phenomena",
"Classical mechanics",
"Physical systems",
"Motion (physics)",
"Civil engineering",
"Mechanics",
"Fluid mechanics"
] |
39,452,826 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanishing%20dimensions%20theory | Vanishing-dimensions theory is a particle physics theory suggesting that systems with higher energy have a smaller number of dimensions.
For example, the theory implies that the Universe had fewer dimensions after the Big Bang when its energy was high. Then the number of dimensions may have increased as the system coo... | Vanishing dimensions theory | [
"Physics"
] | 257 | [
"Astrophysics theories",
"Particle physics",
"Astrophysics"
] |
39,454,179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum-optical%20spectroscopy | Quantum-optical spectroscopy is a quantum-optical generalization of laser spectroscopy where matter is excited and probed with a sequence of laser pulses.
Classically, such pulses are defined by their spectral and temporal shape as well as phase and amplitude of the electromagnetic field. Besides these properties of l... | Quantum-optical spectroscopy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,409 | [
"Time-resolved spectroscopy",
"Spectroscopy",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)"
] |
39,454,695 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wannier%20equation | The Wannier equation describes a quantum mechanical eigenvalue problem in solids where an electron in a conduction band and an electronic vacancy (i.e. hole) within a valence band attract each other via the Coulomb interaction. For one electron and one hole, this problem is analogous to the Schrödinger equation of the ... | Wannier equation | [
"Physics"
] | 1,177 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
39,455,714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auger%20architectomics | Auger architectomics is a scientific imaging technique that allows biologists, working in the field of nano-technology, to slice open the cells of living organisms to view and assess their internal workings. Using argon gas etching to open the cells and a scanning electron microscope to create a three-dimensional view,... | Auger architectomics | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 1,089 | [
"Electron",
"Electron microscopy",
"Cell biology",
"Materials science",
"Microscopy",
"Nanotechnology"
] |
39,456,566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terahertz%20spectroscopy%20and%20technology | Terahertz spectroscopy detects and controls properties of matter with electromagnetic fields that are in the frequency range between a few hundred gigahertz and several terahertz (abbreviated as THz). In many-body systems, several of the relevant states have an energy difference that matches with the energy of a THz ph... | Terahertz spectroscopy and technology | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,791 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Electromagnetic spectrum",
"Spectroscopy",
"Terahertz technology"
] |
39,456,961 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunham%20expansion | In quantum chemistry, the Dunham expansion is an expression for the rotational-vibrational energy levels of a diatomic molecule:
where and are the vibrational and rotational quantum numbers, and is the projection of along the internuclear axis in the body-fixed frame.
The constant coefficients are called Dunham p... | Dunham expansion | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 153 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Molecular vibration",
"Applied mathematics",
"Applied mathematics stubs",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
48,512,364 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pople%20diagram | A Pople diagram or Pople's Diagram is a diagram which describes the relationship between various calculation methods in computational chemistry. It was initially introduced in January 1965 by Sir John Pople, , during the Symposium of Atomic and Molecular Quantum Theory in Florida. The Pople Diagram can be either 2-dime... | Pople diagram | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 372 | [
"Quantum chemistry",
"Molecular physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Computational physics",
"Theoretical chemistry",
"Electronic structure methods",
"Computational chemistry",
"Molecular modelling",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
48,517,532 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorimetric%20Electron%20Telescope | The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a space telescope being mainly used to perform high precision observations of electrons and gamma rays. It tracks the trajectory of electrons, protons, nuclei, and gamma rays and measures their direction, charge and energy, which may help understand the nature of dark matt... | Calorimetric Electron Telescope | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 727 | [
"Dark matter",
"Unsolved problems in astronomy",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Astrophysics",
"Space telescopes",
"Exotic matter",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Matter"
] |
48,520,204 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational%20anatomy | Computational anatomy is an interdisciplinary field of biology focused on quantitative investigation and modelling of anatomical shapes variability. It involves the development and application of mathematical, statistical and data-analytical methods for modelling and simulation of biological structures.
The field is b... | Computational anatomy | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 9,264 | [
"Biological engineering",
"Neuroscience",
"Biomedical engineering",
"Applied mathematics",
"Computational science",
"Civil engineering",
"Geometry",
"Fluid mechanics",
"Medical technology"
] |
42,212,055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventurers%20%28land%20drainage%29 | Adventurers were groups of English engineers and wealthy landowners, who funded large-scale land drainage projects in the seventeenth century, in return for rights to some of the land reclaimed.
Early entrepreneurs
Land drainage works were expensive, and were usually undertaken in sparsely populated areas. In the seve... | Adventurers (land drainage) | [
"Physics",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 835 | [
"Hydrology",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Civil engineering",
"Hydraulic engineering"
] |
42,212,963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement%20milling | Pavement milling (cold planing, asphalt milling, or profiling) is the process of removing at least part of the surface of a paved area such as a road, bridge, or parking lot.
Milling removes anywhere from just enough thickness to level and smooth the surface to a full depth removal.
There are a number of different reas... | Pavement milling | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,142 | [
"Construction",
"Engineering vehicles",
"Road construction"
] |
42,213,230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adapted%20automobile | An adapted automobile is an automobile adapted for ease of use by people with disabilities. Automobiles, whether cars or vans, can be adapted for a range of physical disabilities.
Hand controls
Foot pedals can be raised, relocated (for instance swapped to be used by the opposite leg) or replaced with hand-controlled ... | Adapted automobile | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,263 | [
"Accessibility",
"Design"
] |
53,716,876 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zen%20%28recommendation%20system%29 | Zen () is a personal recommender system that uses machine learning technology.
It was created by Yandex and launched in 2015. In September 2022, Yandex sold the service to VK.
Zen creates a feed of content that automatically adjusts to the interests of a user. The selection of content is based on the analysis of brow... | Zen (recommendation system) | [
"Technology"
] | 1,044 | [
"Information systems",
"Recommender systems"
] |
53,718,600 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh%20problem | In fluid dynamics, Rayleigh problem also known as Stokes first problem is a problem of determining the flow created by a sudden movement of an infinitely long plate from rest, named after Lord Rayleigh and Sir George Stokes. This is considered as one of the simplest unsteady problems that have an exact solution for the... | Rayleigh problem | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 435 | [
"Piping",
"Chemical engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
40,794,947 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth%20factor%20receptor%20inhibitor | Growth factor receptor inhibitors (growth factor inhibitors, growth factor receptor blockers, growth factor blockers, growth factor receptor antagonists, growth factor antagonists) are drugs that target the growth factor receptors of cells. They interfere with binding of the growth factor to the corresponding growth fa... | Growth factor receptor inhibitor | [
"Chemistry"
] | 292 | [
"Neurochemistry",
"Growth factors",
"Receptor antagonists",
"Signal transduction"
] |
40,796,886 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decanter%20centrifuge | A centrifuge is a device that employs a high rotational speed to separate components of different densities. This becomes relevant in the majority of industrial jobs where solids, liquids and gases are merged into a single mixture and the separation of these different phases is necessary. A decanter centrifuge (also kn... | Decanter centrifuge | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 3,563 | [
"Centrifugation",
"Water treatment",
"Chemical equipment",
"Water pollution",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water technology",
"Waste treatment technology",
"Centrifuges"
] |
40,797,018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulating%20fluidized%20bed | The circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is a type of fluidized bed combustion that utilizes a recirculating loop for even greater efficiency of combustion. while achieving lower emission of pollutants. Reports suggest that up to 95% of pollutants can be absorbed before being emitted into the atmosphere. The technology is ... | Circulating fluidized bed | [
"Chemistry"
] | 4,342 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Fluidization",
"Industrial furnaces"
] |
40,797,269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulation%20evaporator | Circulation evaporators are a type of evaporating unit designed to separate mixtures unable to be evaporated by a conventional evaporating unit. Circulation evaporation incorporates the use of both heat exchangers and flash separation units in conjunction with circulation of the solvent in order to remove liquid mixtur... | Circulation evaporator | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 3,502 | [
"Chemical equipment",
"Distillation",
"Evaporators"
] |
40,797,969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle-throw%20vibrating%20machine | A circle-throw vibrating machine is a screening machine employed in processes involving particle separation. In particle processes screening refers to separation of larger from smaller particles in a given feed, using only the materials' physical properties. Circle throw machines have simple structure with high screeni... | Circle-throw vibrating machine | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,395 | [
"Mechanics",
"Mining equipment",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
40,798,385 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash%20reactor | As an extension of the fluidized bed family of separation processes, the flash reactor (FR) (or transport reactor) employs turbulent fluid introduced at high velocities to encourage chemical reactions with feeds and subsequently achieve separation through the chemical conversion of desired substances to different phase... | Flash reactor | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 3,106 | [
"Chemical reactors",
"Chemical reaction engineering",
"Chemical equipment"
] |
40,798,692 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trommel%20screen | A trommel screen, also known as a rotary screen, is a mechanical screening machine used to separate materials, mainly in the mineral and solid-waste processing industries. It consists of a perforated cylindrical drum that is normally elevated at an angle at the feed end. Physical size separation is achieved as the feed... | Trommel screen | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 4,015 | [
"Solid-solid separation",
"Mining equipment",
"Separation processes by phases",
"Water treatment",
"Environmental engineering",
"Waste treatment technology"
] |
40,798,889 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid%20bowl%20centrifuge | A solid bowl centrifuge is a type of centrifuge that uses the principle of sedimentation. A centrifuge is used to separate a mixture that consists of two substances with different densities by using the centrifugal force resulting from continuous rotation. It is normally used to separate solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, an... | Solid bowl centrifuge | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 3,047 | [
"Chemical equipment",
"Centrifugation",
"Centrifuges"
] |
36,589,154 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh%E2%80%93B%C3%A9nard%20convection | In fluid thermodynamics, Rayleigh–Bénard convection is a type of natural convection, occurring in a planar horizontal layer of fluid heated from below, in which the fluid develops a regular pattern of convection cells known as Bénard cells. Such systems were first investigated by Joseph Valentin Boussinesq and Anton Ob... | Rayleigh–Bénard convection | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 2,125 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Fluid dynamic instabilities",
"Convection",
"Thermodynamics",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
36,590,968 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uses%20of%20radioactivity%20in%20oil%20and%20gas%20wells | Radioactive sources are used for logging formation parameters. Radioactive tracers, along with the other substances in hydraulic-fracturing fluid, are sometimes used to determine the injection profile and location of fractures created by hydraulic fracturing.
Use of radioactive sources for logging
Sealed radioactive ... | Uses of radioactivity in oil and gas wells | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 965 | [
"Petroleum technology",
"Natural gas technology",
"Nuclear physics",
"Hydraulic fracturing",
"Radioactivity"
] |
49,809,733 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Wood%20Science | The Institute of Wood Science (IWSc) was incorporated in 1955 as a professional body for the timber industries and allied professions. In 2009 it merged with the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3), and became known as The Wood Technology Society. Following restructuring and rebranding of the IOM3 it cha... | Institute of Wood Science | [
"Materials_science",
"Environmental_science"
] | 742 | [
"Environmental research",
"Materials science organizations",
"Environmental research institutes",
"Materials science institutes"
] |
49,810,193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir%20Pentkovski | Vladimir Mstislavovich Pentkovski (Russian: Владимир Мстиславович Пентковский; March 18, 1946, Moscow, Soviet Union – December 24, 2012, Folsom, California, United States) was a Soviet-American computer scientist, a graduate of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and winner of the highest former Soviet Union... | Vladimir Pentkovski | [
"Technology"
] | 1,469 | [
"Supercomputers",
"Supercomputing"
] |
49,810,721 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpelisib | Alpelisib, sold under the brand name Piqray among others, is a medication used to treat certain types of breast cancer. It is used together with fulvestrant. It is taken by mouth. It is marketed by Novartis.
Common side effects include high blood sugar, kidney problems, diarrhea, rash, low blood cells, liver problems,... | Alpelisib | [
"Chemistry"
] | 786 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Amides",
"Functional groups",
"Ureas"
] |
49,821,898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer%20sponge | Taking clues from spongy toddler toys that can absorb water and inflate to bigger sizes, scientists at Mayo Clinical Research Centre, Rochester, Minnesota, United States have developed biodegradable polymer grafts that, when surgically placed in damaged vertebrae, intended to grow such that it is just the right size an... | Polymer sponge | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 816 | [
"Bionics",
"Medical devices",
"Medical equipment",
"Medical technology"
] |
60,048,566 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PyClone | PyClone is a software that implements a Hierarchical Bayes statistical model to estimate cellular frequency patterns of mutations in a population of cancer cells using observed alternate allele frequencies, copy number, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) information. PyClone outputs clusters of variants based on calculat... | PyClone | [
"Biology"
] | 2,260 | [
"Computational biology"
] |
60,048,801 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RopB%20transcriptional%20regulator | RopB transcriptional regulator, also known as RopB/Rgg transcriptional regulator is a transcriptional regulator protein that regulates expression of the extracellularly secreted cysteine protease streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (speB or streptopain), which is an important virulence factor of Streptococcus pyogenes a... | RopB transcriptional regulator | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,224 | [
"Gene expression",
"Molecular genetics",
"Cellular processes",
"Molecular biology",
"Biochemistry"
] |
60,054,667 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROSE%20test | The resistivity of solvent extract (ROSE) test is a test for the presence and average concentration of soluble ionic contaminants, for example on a printed circuit board (PCB). It was developed in the early 1970s. Some manufacturers use it as part of Six Sigma processes.
Some modern fluxes have low solubility in tradi... | ROSE test | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 101 | [
"Chemical tests",
"Electronic engineering",
"Analytical chemistry stubs",
"Electrical engineering",
"Printed circuit board manufacturing"
] |
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