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mmlu_train_37625
Farming is moving indoors, where the sun never shines, where rainfall is irrelevant and where the climate is always right. The perfect crop field could be inside a windowless building with controlled light, temperature,humidity,air quality and nutrition. It could be in a New York high- rise or a complex in the Saudi desert. It may be an answer to the world's food problems. The world already is having trouble feeding itself. Half the people on Earth live in cities, and nearly half of those - about 3 billion - are hungry or ill-fed. Food prices, currently increasing, are badly affected by dryness, floods and the cost of energy required to plant, harvest and transport it. And prices will only get more unstable. Climate change makes long-term crop planning uncertain. Farmers in many parts of the world already are using water available to the last drop. And the world is getting more crowded: by mid-century, the global population will grow from 6.8 billion to 9 billion. To feed so many people may require expanding farmland at the expense of forests and wilderness, or finding ways to greatly increase crop output. Gertjan Meeuws and three other Dutch bioengineers grow vegetables and house plants in closed and regulated environments. In their research station, water flows into the pans when needed, and the temperature is kept constant. Lights go on and off, creating "day" and "night", but according to the rhythm of the plant. Meeuws says a building of 100 square meters and layers of plants could provide a daily diet of 200 grams of fresh fruit and vegetables for the entire population of Ken Bosch, about 140,000 people. Their idea isn't to grow foods that require much space, like corn or potatoes. Sunlight is not only unnecessary but can be harmful. Plants need only specific wavelengths of light to grow. Their growth rate is three times faster than under greenhouse conditions. They use about 90 percent less water than outdoor agriculture. And city farming means producing food near the consumer, so there's on need to transport it long distances. According to the text, Gertjan Meeuws' farming _ .
[ "can be used for corn production", "is much like greenhouse farming", "is adaptable to any environment", "uses more water than outdoor farming" ]
C. is adaptable to any environment
mmlu_train
aquarat_10046
If the units digit of n^27 is 7, which of the following could be the value of n? I. n = 41 II. n = 43 III. n = 47
[ "Only I", "Only II", "Only III", "I and II", "II and III" ]
B. Only II
aquarat
arc_challenge_962
Use the information to answer the question. Over the last 150 years, the use of fossil fuels has increased, resulting in more carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Some scientists think that these atmospheric gases will result in global warming. Scientists have recorded data on global temperature changes and have predicted possible changes in sea level that may affect Maryland residents. Which result of global warming will most negatively affect coastal residents in Maryland?
[ "loss of shore land", "erosion of mountains", "decrease in average temperature", "increase in the size of the polar ice caps" ]
A. loss of shore land
arc_challenge
aquarat_39018
A box contains nine bulbs out of which 4 are defective. If four bulbs are chosen at random, find the probability that exactly three bulbs are good?
[ "20/69", "20/63", "20/62", "20/29", "20/61" ]
B. 20/63
aquarat
aquarat_45513
If z = 4p, where p is a prime number greater than 2, how many different positive even divisors does z have, including z ?
[ "Two", "Three", "Four", "Six", "Eight" ]
C. Four
aquarat
aquarat_7676
If an object travels at four feet per second, how many feet does it travel in one hour?
[ "30", "300", "720", "14400", "18000" ]
D. 14400
aquarat
mmlu_train_62510
Essay is optional and no penalties for wrong answers. These changes will take place in SAT college exam. The changes include the use of some words more commonly used in school and on the job instead of the words such as "prevaricator" and "sagacious". College Board officials said the change is needed to make the exam better representative of what students study in high school and the skills they need to succeed in college and afterward. The new exam will be rolled out in 2016, so this year's ninth graders will be the first to take it, in their junior year. The new SAT will continue to test reading, writing and math skills, with an emphasis on analysis. Scoring will return to a 1,600-point scale last used in 2004, with a separate score for the optional essay. For the first time, students will have the option of taking the test on computers. They also said many students who are terrified they will be tested on lots of SAT words currently can ask for help: practicing with flashcards. They know flashcards are not the best way to build real word knowledge that lasts, but when the SAT rolls around they become the royal road. Students stop reading and start flipping. The essay will be changed in other ways, too. It will measure students' ability to analyze and explain how an author builds an argument and it will also be up to colleges whether the essay will be required. Each exam will include a passage drawn from "founding documents": such as the Declaration of Independence or from discussions they've inspired. Instead of testing a wide range of math concepts, the new exam will focus on a few areas, like algebra, thought to be most needed for college and life afterward. A calculator will be allowed only on certain math questions, instead of on the entire math portion . Jim Rawlins, the director of admissions at the University of Oregon, said the changes will potentially help the students but it will take a few years to know its influence, after the students go on to college. He said some colleges are still dealing with questions about the changes made in 2005, such as how to consider the essay portion. The criticism of the SAT is that students from wealthier families do better on the exam because they can afford expensive test preparation classes. The SAT was taken last year by 1.7 million students. It has historically been more popular on the coasts, while the other main standardized college entrance exam, the ACT, dominated the central U.S. The ACT took over the SAT in total use in 2012, partly because it is taken by almost every junior in 13 states as part of those states' testing scheme . ACT president Jon Erickson said when hearing of the SAT changes, his reaction was that they could've been talking about the ACT now. "I didn't hear anything new and different, so I was a little left wanting, at least at the end of this first announcement," Erickson said . Bob Schaeffer, education director at the National Center for Fair & Open Testing, or FairTest, said it is laudable that the SAT will provide free test preparation, but it is unlikely to make a dent in the market for such preparation. He also said the new test is unlikely to be better than the current one. His organization has a database with institutions that don't require ACT or SAT scores to make admissions decisions. According to Jim Rawlins, _ .
[ "the changes are mainly aimed at students from the rich family", "the changes will force students to give up writing essay", "the changes will probably have some bad influence", "the changes will be of no benefit to students" ]
C. the changes will probably have some bad influence
mmlu_train
aquarat_21690
A box contains 2 black, 3 orange and 4 pink ribbons. If two ribbons are drawn at random. What is the probability that both are orange?
[ "5/12", "1/13", "1/14", "1/12", "1/24" ]
D. 1/12
aquarat
mmlu_train_19660
We may be very pleased with the rapid progress we have made in every field of study. But the way to test a student's knowledge and ability still remains as poor as it was. We have almost done nothing to improve our examination system. It is well known that the examination system we are now using may be a good way of testing a student's memory, but it can tell you nothing about a student's ability. It does no good to students and teachers. As soon as a child begins school, he enters a world of examination that will decide his future of job. In fact a good examination system should train a student to think for himself. But it now does nothing about that. So students are encouraged to member what is taught. It does not enable them to gain more and note knowledge. The students who come out first in the examination often may not be the best in their studies. Besides, the examinations often force teachers to train students what to do with the coming examination from time to time. There must be some simpler and better way to test a student' s ability besides knowledge. And that is what we should do at once. In order to make students gain high marks in the coming examination, teachers have to _ .
[ "teach their students to study freely", "develop their students' ability", "fill their students' heads with much information", "teach their students how to study" ]
C. fill their students' heads with much information
mmlu_train
aquarat_10059
X and Y can do a piece of work in 20 days and 12 days respectively. X started the work alone and then after 4 days Y joined him till the completion of the work. How long did the work last?
[ "5 days", "10 days", "11 days", "20 days", "25 days" ]
B. 10 days
aquarat
aquarat_2885
The length of a rectangle is doubled while its width is tripled. What is the % change in area?
[ "250%", "300%", "500%", "650%", "700%" ]
C. 500%
aquarat
aquarat_53644
Dacid obtained 96, 95, 82, 97 and 95 marks (out of 100) in English, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and Biology. What are his average marks?
[ "79", "93", "88", "88", "75" ]
B. 93
aquarat
mmlu_train_92159
Three kids have been learning chemistry for only a few months. But they have already begun to challenge a world famous scientist! Li Weichi, Huang Runling, and Xiao Yan are from Zhongshan Huaqiao Middle School in Guangdong. They have just found a red cabbage that could be a new kind of acid-base indicator . They want it to take the place of litmus paper. "We've learnt to think of and ask questions about life by ourselves," said Li, "We work well with each other." British scientist Robert Boyle discovered the use of litmus paper over 300 years ago. Now it is used widely in experiments all over the world. But when the kids did some experiments in class last winter, they saw that the litmus paper didn't turn very blue with base matter. It's hard to get a clear result. Will there be a better indicator than litmus paper? The three kids decided to try and find out! How? They went to collect over 40 plants in parks, gardens and markets. Then they ground leaves, flowers and stems to get the pigments from them. The kids mixed pigments with acid and base. They spent months watching carefully to see which paper showed the best colour change. They decided it was the litmus paper! "It's our first scientific journey, Huang said, "But it makes me want to try harder." Whom did the three kids want to challenge?
[ "Their chemistry teacher.", "Their headmaster.", "Robert Boyle", "Thomas Edison" ]
C. Robert Boyle
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_93636
Which of these is a function of a leaf?
[ "Carrying nutrients throughout the plant", "Converting solar energy into sugar", "Creating shade for the plant", "Absorbing water from the ground" ]
B. Converting solar energy into sugar
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_19208
Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet... We are surrounded by the word "diet" everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically. Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word "diet" in food labels. On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that _ , and that life can be without resistance and struggle. The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients . Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous. Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them . Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
[ "diet products: a good choice for losing weight", "diet products and basic nutrients", "the diet zone: an attractive place", "the diet zone: a dangerous place" ]
D. the diet zone: a dangerous place
mmlu_train
aquarat_36475
A certain telephone company offers two plans, A and B. Under plan A, the company charges a total of $0.60 for the first 6 minutes of each call and $0.06 per minute thereafter. Under plan B, the company charges $0.08 per minute of each call. What is the duration of a call, in minutes, for which the company charges the same amount under plan A and under plan B?
[ "12", "9", "15", "21", "30" ]
A. 12
aquarat
mmlu_train_44302
Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy.After all,you probably sing or whistle when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy.However,they sing most of the time for a very different reason.Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory Do you know what a "territory" is? A territory is an area that an animal,usually the male,claims as its own.Only he and his family are welcome there.No other families 0f the same species are welcome.Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome.If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you,you might shout.Probably this would be enough to frighten him away. If so,you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him.A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time,especially at nesting season.So he is screaming all the time,whether he can see an outsider or not This screaming is what we call a bird's song,and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away. Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs. You can see that birds have a language all their own.Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories. Why do birds keep on singing at nesting season?
[ "Because they want to invite more friends", "Because their singing helps get rid of their fears.", "Because they want to find outsiders around.", "Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away." ]
D. Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away.
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_50666
Researchers invited 79 people between the ages of 18 and 50 years old who had been diagnosed with depression. 33 of the participants were offered 20 music therapy sessions, in addition to their usual treatment for depression. The other 46 participants received stan dard treatment, and acted as the control group. The one-on-one music therapy sessions each lasted 60 minutes and took place twice a week. Trained music therapists helped each participant to improvise music. On average, each participant attended 18 music therapy sessions. 29 individuals (88 percent) attended at least 15 sessions. The participants in both groups were followed up at three and six months and assessed forsymptoms of depression and anxiety. In the final analysis, researchers discovered that af ter three months of participation, individuals who received music therapy showed greatly fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety, and scored better on general functioning. Although improvements still remained after six months, the difference between the groups was no longer statistically significant. Co-researcher Christian Gold, Ph.D., explained the study findings: "Our trial has shown that music therapy, when added to standard care including medication, psychotherapy and counseling , helps people to improve their levels of depression and anxiety. Music therapy has specific qualities that allow people to express themselves and interact in a non-verbal way - even when they cannot find the words to describe their inner experiences." Given the success of the study, researchers say it needs to be repeated with a larger sample of people, and that further research is needed to assess the cost-effectiveness of such therapy. Outside experts believe this study shows that music ther apy is an effective addition to traditional therapy and improves outcomes. Mike Crawford, M.D., said, "This is a high-quality randomized trial of music therapy specifically for depression, and the results suggest that it can improve the mood and general functioning of people with depression." From which part of a newspaper in this passage most probably taken?
[ "Technology.", "Business.", "Entertainment.", "Health." ]
D. Health.
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_44348
Spending just a few hours a week online may make people feel more socially isolated , lonely and downhearted , according to a two-year study of nearly 100 families with the Internet. "We were surprised to find that social technology has such bad effects on social communications," the lead author, Dr. Robert Kraut of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, said in a statement to the news. The findings suggest that "Rather than encourage students to use the Internet alone for research, teachers might give pupils online group homework to complete with classmates. Local groups might build websites that allow neighbors to discuss local affairs ." "Before the technology develops and can be really more _ , people shouldcontrol their wishes to use much of the Internet," Dr. Kraut and other experts advise. In order to control their children and encourage family activities, parents might think of putting the computer in the living room rather than in a child's room, they suggest. Dr. Kraut also suggests that when surfing on the net, especially when chatting with strangers on the net, children should not use their real names, and that they should not tell the addresses, telephone numbers to the strangers. Which of the following do the experts suggest?
[ "Teachers should ask the students to finish their homework alone on the Internet.", "Schools should build websites for students to discuss problems on the Internet.", "Instead of putting the computer in the sitting room, parents should put it in a child's room.", "Children should not give their real names, ad...
D. Children should not give their real names, addresses or telephone numbers to the strangers.
mmlu_train
arc_easy_486
What causes nighttime and daytime on Earth?
[ "the Sun rotating on its axis", "Earth rotating on its axis", "Earth revolving around the Sun", "the Moon revolving around Earth" ]
B. Earth rotating on its axis
arc_easy
mmlu_train_92806
Which renewable resource is used with photovoltaic cells to produce electricity?
[ "hydrothermal energy", "solar energy", "geothermal energy", "nuclear energy" ]
B. solar energy
mmlu_train
arc_easy_833
A solution of lead (II) nitrate reacts with a solution of sodium iodide to produce a yellow solid of lead (II) iodide and aqueous sodium nitrate. Which of these illustrates the reaction?
[ "Pb(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> PbI_{2}(s) + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)", "L_{2}N(aq) + SI(aq) -> L_{2}I(s) + SN(aq)", "Pb_{2}N(aq) + NaI(aq) -> Pb_{2}I(s) NaN(aq)", "Fe(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> FeI_{2} + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)" ]
A. Pb(NO_{3})_{2}(aq) + 2NaI(aq) -> PbI_{2}(s) + 2NaNO_{3}(aq)
arc_easy
aquarat_33297
If the ratio of the roots of the equation x2+px+q=0 is equal to that of the roots x2+rx+s=0, then:
[ "sq=pr", "qp=sr", "sq=p", "ps=qr", "none" ]
D. ps=qr
aquarat
mmlu_train_13819
The past fifty years or so have seen the gradual disappearing of animals from this earth, fishes from the sea, trees and plants from the land. Many factors result in this on pleasant phenomenon . Among them, hunting is the main factor that endangers wild life. Some people kill wild life for sport. They take pleasure in collecting heads and hides. Yet others specialize in commercial hunting like killing whales. Apart from this, the rapidly growing human population threatens wild life on land, too. Towns expand and roads have to be built, so forests are burnt and trees are cut down. It seems that man needs every inch of land within his reach, so he moves on to the natural habitat of wild life. Tigers lions and leopards slowly die off without the food arm shelter that the forests provide. In addition, rapid urbanization means industrial expansion. Very often, poisonous chemicals, industrial wastes and oil are dumped into the rivers and seas. Fish and birds are threatened. Man depends greatly on animals for survival. He needs their flesh, hides and furs. Thus, man cannot, to without wild life; or he himself would die out. The public should be made aware that it would be better to shoot the animals with a camera than with a gun. In this way, they can preserve and help wild life to continue living rather than to remove all signs of it. Man must learn to farm the sea as he does the land. He should control the amount and the frequency of his catch. Man also needs to build reserves, and to pass laws to stop the killing of animals, especially those that are already rare. To keep the present animal kingdom, the least that man can do is to clean the seas and to prevent pollution. It is implied that man_.
[ "should not hunt wildlife", "will disappear if wild life dies out", "needs land more than wild life does", "has little knowledge of sea fanning" ]
D. has little knowledge of sea fanning
mmlu_train
aquarat_51712
Six years ago, the ratio of the ages of Kunal and Sagar was 6 : 5. Four years hence, the ratio of their ages will be 11 : 10. What is Sagar's age at present?
[ "16 years", "18 years", "20 years", "22 years", "24 years" ]
A. 16 years
aquarat
mmlu_train_22418
Many people will remember the flight of the space shuttle Challenger, in June, 1983. The achievement of Sally Ride, America's first woman astronaut to fly into space, made this flight especially memorable. Students from two Camden, New Jersey, high schools, however, are probably to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight. Norma didn't travel alone. She brought about 100 companions along with her. Norma was an ant, a queen ant who, with her subject, made up the first ant colony to travel into space. The ants were part of a science experiment designed by students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects. The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip. The young scientists and their teachers were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened. The problem didn't occur in space, but on the ground after challenger had landed. The container remained in the desert for nearly a week before the ant colony was moved. The hot, dry desert air dried out the colony's container and the ants died from lack of moisture . The project was tested success because it did provide useful information. Students will continue their efforts to pinpoint what went wrong. They will try to prevent the same difficulties from recurring on future missions. They don't want to be discouraged either by the demise of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space. Ks5u What does the passage mainly tell us?
[ "Sally Ride, America's first woman astronaut.", "How to keep ants alive in space.", "How to make equipment for insects in space.", "An experiment with ants in space." ]
D. An experiment with ants in space.
mmlu_train
aquarat_3562
A distributor sells a product through an on-line store, which take a commission of 20% of the price set by the distributor. The distributor obtains the product from a producer at the price of $15 per item. What is the price that the buyer observers on-line if the distributor wants to maintain a 10% profit on the cost of the item?
[ "18", "21.6", "20", "22.5", "27" ]
C. 20
aquarat
mmlu_train_28551
People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics . Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers' faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths. Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics. Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the baggage. Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches -- in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but the aphasics were not. Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his feelings into every word of his speech. But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn't seem to believe him. Instead, they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying. He was lying! Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot understand words. What is so surprising about aphasics?
[ "They can fool other people.", "They can find out the hidden drugs.", "They can tell whether people are lying.", "They can understand language better." ]
C. They can tell whether people are lying.
mmlu_train
arc_easy_653
Electricity to play your radio can be made using renewable or nonrenewable resources. Which of the following resources are renewable?
[ "wind and oil", "wind and sunlight", "natural gas and oil", "natural gas and coal" ]
B. wind and sunlight
arc_easy
arc_challenge_591
Kevin is observing the sky on a clear night. With the unaided eye he is able to see Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. Why would Venus appear to be brighter than the other planets?
[ "It reflects the most sunlight toward Earth.", "It is hotter than the other planets.", "It is larger than the other planets.", "It is closest planet to the Sun." ]
A. It reflects the most sunlight toward Earth.
arc_challenge
mmlu_train_69629
I have many friends, and they have different favorite subjects. John's favorite subject is computer because he thinks computer can help him a lot with his study. He is a computer fan. He likes playing computer games very much, and he is good at playing it. Jack likes art best because he likes drawing pictures a lot. Mary likes Chinese because her father is Chinese. Her father teaches her Chinese at home. She loves China very much, and she wants to know more about China. Bob thinks Maths is very interesting, so he likes Maths best. David likes P. E. because he likes doing sports. He is good at playing basketball and soccer. John likes computer because _ .
[ "he likes Maths", "he plays computer games", "he is good at doing sports", "he thinks computer helps him with his study" ]
D. he thinks computer helps him with his study
mmlu_train
aquarat_16318
If in coded language 23 = 10 72 = 63 65 = 66 84 = 96 Then 97 = ?
[ "141", "142", "143", "144", "145" ]
D. 144
aquarat
mmlu_train_91001
This course is for those who want to learn to type, as well as those who want to improve their typing. The course is not common. You are tested in the first class, and begin practising at one of eight different skill levels. This allows you to learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours. Bring your own paper. Course fee: $125 Materials: $25 Two hours for each evening for two weeks. New classes begin every two weeks. This course is taught by a number of professional business education teachers who have successfully taught typing course before. UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERS This twelve-hour course is for people who do not know very much about computers, but who need to learn about them. You will learn what computers are, what they can or can't do and how to use them. Course fee:$75 Jan 4,7,11,14,18 Wed.&Sat. 9:00---11:30 a.m. Equipment fee:$10 David is a professor of Computer Science at Beijing University. He has over twenty years of experience in the computer field. STOP SMOKING Do you want to stop smoking? Have you ever tried and failed? Now is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods. You can stop smoking, and this twelve-course will help you do it. Course fee:$30 Jan 2,9,16,23 Mon 2:00---5:00 p.m. Dr. John is a practicing psychologist who has helped hundreds of people stop smoking. The special difference between the TYPING course and the other two is that _ .
[ "people with different skill levels pay differently.", "you will take a test in the first class for level decision", "you will pay the fee before practicing typing.", "you will pay less money for your study." ]
B. you will take a test in the first class for level decision
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_61642
Seventeen-year-old Randy Waldron, Jr., was shocked when he applied for his first credit card and was denied. He was even more shocked by the reason: He failed to repay thousands of dollars in debt. Waldron's identity had been stolen by his father, who left when Randy was learning to walk. From 1982 to 1999, Randy Waldron, Sr., used his son's Social Security number to obtain credit from various merchants and lenders, then racked up tens of thousands of dollars in debts. He declared bankruptcy in his son's name, which resulted in default judgments against the younger Waldron. It has taken Randy Jr., now a 24-year-old flight attendant, years to untangle the mess. Waldron isn't alone. Identity theft is this country's fastest-growing crime -- and, increasingly, ID thieves are targeting children. Their clean credit and absence of criminal histories make them ideal victims. Linda Foley, co-executive director of the Identity Theft Resource Center inprefix = st1 /San Diego, estimates that at least 400,000 children had their identities stolen in 2005, more than double the number in 2003. Waldron's case is typical: The resource center estimates that two-thirds of child ID thefts are committed by family members. Some dishonest persons use children's names and Social Security numbers to ring up massive debts; others use children's identities in place of their own when caught committing other crimes; still others sell identification information on the black market to illegal immigrants, fellow criminals or even terrorists. The theft brings its victims enormous financial and emotional trauma, in part because the identity abuse often goes undetected for years. Dealing with child identity theft after it happens is extremely difficult. Laws in many states are insufficient to handle the crime's complexity, and financial institutions are often less than helpful. Randy Waldron, Jr., has worked tirelessly for eight years to straighten out his credit record, and he continues to deal with the fallout. "It's been a very long and arduous battle," he says. "Recovering my identity was really the hardest part. I think a lot of victims assume the problem will go away." With the help of the child's identity, the criminals can do the following except _ .
[ "obtain credits from various merchants and lenders", "substitute for their own identities when caught committing crimes", "straighten out their own credit record", "sell identification information on the black market" ]
C. straighten out their own credit record
mmlu_train
aquarat_46666
Two trains, one from Howrah to Patna and the other from Patna to Howrah, start simultaneously. After they meet, the trains reach their destinations after 9 hours and 16 hours respectively. The ratio of their speeds is?
[ "4:5", "4:3", "4:4", "4:9", "4:2" ]
B. 4:3
aquarat
aquarat_45544
Three dwarves and three elves sit down in in the row of six chairs. If no dwarf will sit next to another dwarf and no elf will sit next to another elf, in how many different ways can the elves and dwarves sit.
[ "72", "74", "76", "78", "80" ]
A. 72
aquarat
mmlu_train_52721
Dolphins are interesting animals and researchers find them interesting to watch. They don't have hands, but can use tools to solve problems, just like us. Scientists have observed a dolphin trying to get a shy eel to come out of its hole by poking it with a dead fish. Many species of dolphin live in large societies. They have many different relationships and need a good communication system; they use a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. There is currently no evidence that dolphins have a language of their own. But scientists still have a lot to find out about these animals and so there are certain to be a few surprises in the future. At Kewalo Basin Marine Laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a sign langue to communicate with the dolphins, and the results are amazing. Not only do the dolphins understand the meaning of individual words, they also understand the significance of word order in a sentence. For example, when they were asked to 'touch the ball with your tail and then jump over it' they generally responded correctly and straight away, which showed that they understood the langue. Most mammals seem to enjoy play--but dolphins seems to like making their games as challenging as possible. On a beautiful day in 1997, researchers working at a beach, off the southern coast of Brazil, observed a little dog going into the sea and swimming towards the dolphins. To their surprise, the dolphins approached the dog and then started throwing it into the air. The dog seemed to enjoy the 'game' and continued playing with the dolphins for more than an hour. From then on, different dogs were seem trying to interact with the dolphins. Dolphins live in a very different world to ourselves, but they are very good at our 'intelligence tests'. For example, they will jump out of the water when they hear a whistle noise. They do this because they will get a fish as a reward. There is still much to learn about these flexible problem-solvers, but from the evidence so far, it would seem as though dolphins are very intelligent. To get a shy eel to come out of its hole , a dolphin would poke it with _ .
[ "a tool", "its tail", "a dead fish", "its mouth" ]
C. a dead fish
mmlu_train
aquarat_24969
What will come in place of (a) in the following expression? a - 896.21 + 498.05 = 215.50 – 425.01
[ "188.65", "88.6", "188.67", "83.65", "88.61" ]
A. 188.65
aquarat
aquarat_2302
A man can row his boat with the stream at 24 km/h and against the stream in 10 km/h. The man's rate is?
[ "1 kmph", "6 kmph", "7 kmph", "4 kmph", "9 kmph" ]
C. 7 kmph
aquarat
arc_easy_2107
Angela wants to report daily weather conditions. In which unit should Angela record the air temperature?
[ "degrees Celsius", "centimeters", "milliliters", "grams" ]
A. degrees Celsius
arc_easy
mmlu_train_24658
Astronomy is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ago man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited by what he could see with his eyes alone. The Greeks studied astronomy over 2,000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of a star. They could see its place in the sky. They watched the stars move as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help themselves study the heavens. Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out into space. They did not know that the planet called Saturn had rings around it. Their sight was so limited that they could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets. Nepture , the last of eight planets to be discovered, was not seen until 1846. Before the spectroscope , man did not know what kind of gases was in the sun or other stars. Without the radio telescope, we didn't know that radio noises came from far out in space. Today, astronomy is a growing science. We had learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy. . Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
[ "Astronomy is the oldest science that humans have known.", "Astronomy is developing fast with the help of technology.", "In the early 1700s, people didn't know the existence of Neptune.", "Over 2,000 years ago, the Greeks knew the planet Saturn had rings around it." ]
D. Over 2,000 years ago, the Greeks knew the planet Saturn had rings around it.
mmlu_train
aquarat_47498
The average mark of a class of twenty students is 64. If three students whose marks are 32,28 and 34 are removed , then find the approximate average mark of the remaining students of the class.
[ "71", "74", "57", "70", "72" ]
D. 70
aquarat
mmlu_train_96499
As a Red Giant forms it's gravity will
[ "grow", "fluctuate", "shrink", "reverse" ]
A. grow
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_17273
If a person forgets names, places or facts --and has trouble with everyday things like reading or shopping --it may not mean you are getting old. It could be Alzheimer's disease. So it's important to see a doctor as soon as you can. There is no cure for Alzheimer's. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms . In studies, ARICEPT has been proved to work for Alzheimer's . It has helped people improve their memory over time. It has also helped them to keep doing everyday things on their own. Ask your doctor if ARICEPT is right for you or your loved one. It is the Number One drug for Alzheimer's in the world. The sooner you know it's Alzheimer's, the better ARICEPT can help . ARICEPT is good for many but may not be good for everyone. Some people may experience not sleeping well, feeling very tired, or not wanting to eat. In studies, these side effects weren't serious at all and went away over time. Some people taking ARICEPT may feel light-headed. In this case you should tell your doctors because your condition may get worse. What is ARICEPT?
[ "A medicine to cure Alzheimer's", "A medicine to delay signs of aging.", "A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's.", "A medicine to cure brain damage." ]
C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's.
mmlu_train
arc_challenge_329
Which action will result in a product with new chemical properties?
[ "shredding a newspaper", "breaking a mirror", "cutting wood", "popping popcorn" ]
D. popping popcorn
arc_challenge
mmlu_train_2701
Biologists are studying the white-tailed deer population in Ohio. Which question could the biologists most likely answer?
[ "How fast does this deer population grow?", "What percentage of people enjoy watching deer?", "Does this deer population like warmer states?", "Should people raise deer as pets?" ]
A. How fast does this deer population grow?
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_24479
They said highly anxious rats which were kept had very low levels of a brain chemical called fibroblast growth factor 2 or FGF2, compared with rats that were more relaxed. But when they improved the anxious rats' living conditions -- giving them new toys to explore and a bigger cage to live in -- levels of this brain chemical increased and they became less anxious. "The levels of this brain chemical increased in response to the experiences that the rats were exposed to. It also decreased their anxiety". Javier Perez of the University of Michigan said in a telephone interview. "It made them behave the same way as the rats that were relaxed", he said. In a former study of people who were severely depressed before they died, the team found the gene that makes FGF2 was producing very low levels of the growth factor, which is known primarily for organizing the brain during development and repairing it after injury. Perez thinks the brain chemical may be a marker for genetic vulnerability to anxiety and depression. But it can also respond to changes in the environment in a positive way, possibly by preserving new brain cells. While both the calm and anxious rats produced the same number of new brain cells, these cells were less likely to survive in the high-anxiety rats, the team found. Giving the rats better living conditions or injecting them with FGF2 helped improve cell survival. "This discovery may pave the way for new, more specific treatments for anxiety that will not be based on sedation , but will instead fight the real cause of the disease," Dr. Pier Vincenzo Piazza from France said in a statement. What's the better way to increase the levels of FGF2?
[ "Introducing more companions to the anxious rats.", "Improving the living conditions of the anxious rats.", "Injecting the anxious rats with some special medicine.", "Giving the anxious rats more time to relax." ]
B. Improving the living conditions of the anxious rats.
mmlu_train
aquarat_43440
If the cost of A metres of wire is C rupees, then what is the cost of E metres of wire at the same rate?
[ "Rs.", "Rs.", "Rs.", "Rs.", "Rs." ]
A. Rs. (EC/A)
aquarat
aquarat_15753
There is a train and car. The ratio between the speed of a train & a car is 24:19 respectively. Also, a bus covered a distance of 320 km in 5 hours. The speed of the bus is 2/3rd of the speed of the train. How many kilometers will the car cover in 5 hours?
[ "320", "340", "360", "380", "400" ]
D. 380
aquarat
mmlu_train_94248
Which event becomes more likely during a drought in a prairie ecosystem?
[ "fire", "tornado", "landslide", "earthquake" ]
A. fire
mmlu_train
aquarat_8785
A certain clock marks every hour by striking a number of times equal to the hour,and the time required for a stroke is exactly equal to the time interval between strokes. At 6:00 the time lapse between the beginning of the first stroke and the end of the last stroke is 44 seconds. at 12:00 ,how many seconds elapse between the beginning of the first stroke and the end of the last stroke?
[ "A.72", "B.50", "C.92", "D.46", "E.44" ]
C. C.92
aquarat
mmlu_train_30654
The speed of light is often called a"constant ". New experiments show that may not be true, even within a vacuum. Sometimes, light slows a bit. The new research is"very impressive work", Robert Boyd toldScienceNews.An optical physicist at the University of Rochester in New York, he did not work on the study. He speaks of the new finding:"It's the sort of thing that's so obvious; you wonder why you didn't think of it first." Light travels as particles and as waves. Photons are the name given to those particles that represent the smallest possible amount of light. At their fastest, photons travel nearly 300 million meters (almost 1 billion feet) in a single second. That's fast enough to get to the moon and back in about 2.6 seconds. Scientists had long known, though, that they could slow light photons down by shining them through a material such as glass or water. Still, light moving through a vacuum has usually been assumed to move at a peak speed. That would seem to make sense. After all, a vacuum is a space with nothing in it to slow light down. In a new study, however, scientists show that even racing through a vacuum, light can slow. So the speed of light is more of a universal speed limit than an rule for how fast photons travel, the new data suggest. Miles Padgett led the new study. As an optical physicist, he works at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. He and his colleagues showed that the key to slowing light is to change the shape of a light wave. Padgett described how they did this in a paper published online January 22 inScience. His team raced a pair of photons. One traveled unchanged through a cable made from optical fibers. The other passed through a pair of devices that acted like lenses. A lens changes light: It can focus a spread-out beam of light on a point, for instance. The second photon passed through one device that changed the shape of its waveand another that changed it back to its original form. The first photon won the race. The second photon came in a tiny bit later, several quadrillionths of a second late for every meter of the race. The difference wasn't huge, but it was enough to measure. Most technology would not pick up such a small change, but it could be important to scientists who study short pulses of light. "I'm not surprised the effect exists,"Boyd toldScienceNews."But it's surprising that the effect is so large and strong." The most important factor in changing the speed of light is to transform .
[ "the shape of a light wave", "the length of a light wave", "the direction of a photon", "the structure of a photon" ]
A. the shape of a light wave
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_52821
About half American teenagers do not get enough sleep on school nights.They get an average of sixty to ninety minutes less than experts say they need. One reason for _ is biology.Experts say teens are biologically programmed to go to sleep later and wake up later than other age groups.Yet many schools start classes as early as seven in the morning.As a result,many students go to class feeling like sixteenyearold Danny.He is an active teen-- except in the morning."Getting up in the morning is pretty terrible.I'm just very out of it and tired.Through the first and second period I can hardly stay awake," he said. Michael Breus is a psychologist.Teens,he says,need to sleep eight to nine hours or even nine to ten hours a night.He says sleepy teens can experience a form of depression that could have big influence on their general well being.It can affect not just their ability in the classroom but also on the sports field and on the road.So what can schools do about sleepy students?The psychologist says one thing they can do is to start classes later in the morning.Studies show that students can improve by a full letter grade in their first and second period classes. Eric Peterson is the head of St.George's School in the northeastern state of Rhode Island.He wanted to see if a thirtyminute delay would make a difference.It did.He says visits to the health center by tired students decreased by half.Late arrivals to the first period fell by a third.And students reported that they were less sleepy during the day.Eric Peterson knows that changing start times is easier at a small school like his.But he is hopeful that other schools will find a way. What can we infer from the passage?
[ "Danny is a lazy boy and always late for school.", "Teens should go to bed early and get up early, too.", "The psychologist has no idea how to solve the problem.", "Enough sleep makes a healthy and active student." ]
D. Enough sleep makes a healthy and active student.
mmlu_train
aquarat_47673
If a sequence of 8 consecutive odd integers with increasing values has 1 as its 7th term, what is the sum of the terms of the sequence?
[ "-48", "-32", "-16", "16", "32" ]
B. -32
aquarat
aquarat_3660
A hungry child reaches into a candy jar filled with 5 different candies; red, green, yellow, black, and white colored candies. If the child randomly picks three candies, what is the probability the child will pick the red and green colored candies as two of the three candies?
[ "3/10", "1/10", "1/15", "3/15", "2/5" ]
A. 3/10
aquarat
mmlu_train_41270
Last year, Jack Bleed cut through the bone of his ring finger while working. The 31-year-old resident of North Little Rock, Arkansas, waited for about six hours at a nearby medical center while the medical staff there called all over town -- even as far away as Dallas and Memphis -- to find a hand surgeon to reattach his finger. Finally, a willing doctor was located in Louisville, Kentucky. But even though Bleed had insurance , he would have to hire a private plane to get himself there, at a cost of $4,300. In the end, he charged the cost to two credit cards, and his finger was saved. His insurance company eventually covered the cost of the plane, but his experience makes people aware of the fact that trauma care in the United States is not only geographically limited, but in many places, non-existent. Only eight states -- New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Illinois, New Mexico, California, Oregon, and Washington -- have local, fully functional trauma systems. The remaining states have partial systems, and 12 -- including Arkansas -- have no trauma system at all. Although the President has signed a bill of $12 million for the purpose of supporting trauma care systems nationwide, many in Congress are unwilling to spend government money for a service they think should be paid for by states, says Wayne Meredith, medical director for trauma programs at the American College of Surgeons. Meanwhile, many states have also failed to find the dollars to support trauma systems. To make matters worse, many people without insurance depend heavily on the emergency care services, placing a huge financial burden on the medical centers that serve them. For the same reason, doctors, too, often go unpaid. They are unwilling to perform emergency care, worsening critical shortages of neurosurgeons, orthopedists, and hand surgeons -- the very types of specialists Bleed needed at short notice. Supporting a trauma care system doesn't take much. A half-penny sales tax in Miami-Dade County makes its outstanding system work. In Arkansas alone, says Wayne Meredith, a well-funded trauma system would possibly prevent 200 to 600 deaths each year. If trauma care systems were to work well across the nation, experts say, many thousands of lives each year could be saved. "You don't get much better return on your investment than that," Meredith says. The example of Miami-Dade County shows that _ .
[ "its tax policy is admirable", "running a trauma system is profitable", "a trauma system is not expensive", "sales tax is not heavy in small counties" ]
C. a trauma system is not expensive
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_42209
When thinking about quitting... List all the reasons why you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times. Decide surely that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be. Develop strong personal reasons in addition to your health and duties to others. For example, think all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting a light, etc. Set a date for quitting--perhaps a special day like your birthday, or a holiday. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation. Make the date seriously, and don't let anything change it. Begin to prepare yourself physically: start a modest exercise, drink more water, get plenty of rest. Immediately after quitting... The first few days after you quit, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is forbidden, e.g. libraries, museums, theatres, department stores, etc. Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice. Try to avoid wine, coffee, and other drinks, which remind you of cigarette smoking. Start a conversation with someone instead of asking for a match for a cigarette. If you miss the sensation of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else--a pencil, a pen, or a ruler. If you miss having something in your mouth, try toothpicks or a fake cigarette. The author suggests _ immediately after quitting.
[ "all kinds of drinks be avoided", "drinking water and fruit juice", "trying low-tar cigarettes", "spending as much free time as possible in public places" ]
B. drinking water and fruit juice
mmlu_train
aquarat_27838
In the quadrilateral PQRS d=10 cm, h1=4.6 cm and h2=2.3 cm. Find the area
[ "21", "22", "23", "34.5", "25" ]
D. 34.5
aquarat
mmlu_train_24964
Many Americans concerned about pollution are demanding cleaner supplies of energy. The demand has resulted in increased research about ethanol fuel. Ethanol is an alcohol that can be mixed with gas. It burns up most of the pollutants in gas. It replaces some of the chemicals that are known to cause cancer, and it can be produced in the United States. Some experts say that in the future ethanol will replace some of the oil imported into America. Today ethanol is less than one percent of total American fuel supply. The head of the National Corn Growers Association, Kieve Hard, says ethanol will provide twenty-five percent of the fuel supply by 2030. The organization is involved in the production of ethanol because it can be made from corn. One company in the American Midwest says it is starting to produce ethanol because of demands from people and from the government. The Congress approved the Clean Air Act in 1990. The company says this means the market for ethanol will expand. The company is a major producer of corn starch that can be used to make ethanol. At Texas A and M University Professor Mark Holzapple produces ethanol from materials found in solid waste. He has developed a way to turn materials like paper into simple sugar. He then uses yeast to turn the sugar into ethanol. Professor Holzapple says two hundred liters of ethanol fuel can be produced from one ton of solid waste. A professor at the University of Arkansas, John Geddie, is exploring another way to make ethanol. He is using acids on paper material. He says a large factory could produce ethanol from waste paper at a cost about the same as the cost of producing gasoline. Environmentalists support the use of ethanol because it turns solid waste into a useful product. Professor Holzapple says law makers in industrial nations need to support the development of this clean, less expensive fuel of the future. The author mentions all of the following resources for making ethanol except _ .
[ "corn starch", "natural gas", "waste paper", "solid waste" ]
B. natural gas
mmlu_train
arc_easy_92
Since 1961, Nevada has led the United States in production of which resource?
[ "gold", "uranium", "lumber", "iron" ]
A. gold
arc_easy
mmlu_train_93145
Natural selection is a mechanism that acts on individuals within a population. Which is a result of the process of natural selection?
[ "The reproductive rate of the population decreases.", "Genetic similarity within the population increases.", "Organisms are better adapted to their environment.", "Adverse changes to the environment become more frequent." ]
C. Organisms are better adapted to their environment.
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_13574
We know that many animals do not stay in one place.Birds,fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time.They move for different reasons:most of them move to find food more easily,but others move to get away from places that are too crowded. When cold weather comes,many birds move to warmer places to find food.Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed.The most famous migration is probably the migration of fish,which is called "Salmon".This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water.There it spends its life.When it is old,it returns to its birthplace in fresh water.Then it gives birth and dies there.In northern Europe,there is a kind of mouse.They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded.They move down to the low land.Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside,and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea. Recently,scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster .Every year,when the season of bad weather arrives,the lobsters get into a long time and start to walk across the floor of the ocean.Nobody knows why they do this,and nobody knows where they go. So,sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another,but at other times we don't.Maybe living things just like to travel. The lobsters move _ .
[ "to the fresh water", "to the deeper sea", "at a certain time", "to find more food" ]
C. at a certain time
mmlu_train
aquarat_44834
The sum of three consecutive odd natural numbers, each divisible by 3 is 66. What is the largest among them?
[ "21", "24", "25", "36", "57" ]
C. 25
aquarat
aquarat_35733
From January 1, 2015, to January 1, 2017, the number of people enrolled in health maintenance organizations increased by 13 percent. The enrollment on January 1, 2017, was 45 million. How many million people, to the nearest million, were enrolled in health maintenance organizations on January 1, 2015 ?
[ "38", "39", "40", "41", "42" ]
C. 40
aquarat
arc_easy_580
Soda water is a liquid that has bubbles of carbon dioxide in it. Which term best describes soda water?
[ "a mixture", "a molecule", "an element", "a compound" ]
A. a mixture
arc_easy
mmlu_train_5171
Looking back on China's road to outer space, people can easily find it has not been very smooth. In the past years, Chinese people have made hard and determined efforts to realize the dream their ancestors had for thousands of years. After China's first satellite into the Earth's orbit in 1970 came four flights of unmanned Shenzhou missions from 1999 to 2002. The country carried out its first one-piloted space flight in October, 2003, making China the third country in the world to have independent human spaceflight ability after the Soviet Union and the United States. Then came another breakthrough on October 12, 2005, when Shenzhou 6, China's second human spaceflight, was launched, with a crew of two astronauts. What's more, the landmark spacewalk done by Zhai Zhigang, one of the three boarding Shenzhou 7, launched on Sept. 25, 2008, leads the country further in its space exploration. Meanwhile, China's moon exploration project, started in 2004, has also been progressing satisfactorily. Fifty years after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world's first man-made satellite, China's first circumlunar satellite Chang'e 1 took off on Oct.24, 2007, which became another milestone in China's space achievements after the above-mentioned manned flights. Chang'e 1 was expected to fulfill four scientific goals, one of which was to probe mineral elements on the moon, especially those not existent on Earth. It's said that the lunar regolith is abundant in helium-3, a clean fuel that may support the Earth's energy demands for more than a century. Nearly 3 years later, Oct. 1, 2010 witnessed the blasting off of Chang'e 2, China's 2nd unmanned lunar probe, marking another step forward in moon exploration. This time the aim is to test the key techniques of Chang'e 3 and Chang'e 4, as a preparation for a soft lunar landing in the future. With great expectations, people all over the world are looking forward to China's greater space achievements. What can be the best title for the text?
[ "Ancient Chinese's Dream", "China's Major Space Achievements", "China's Moon Exploration", "The World's Great Expectations" ]
B. China's Major Space Achievements
mmlu_train
m1_pref_138
The primal formulation of the soft-margin SVM is NOT equivalent to $\ell_2$ adversarial training for a linear model trained with the hinge loss ($\ell(z) = \max\{0, 1 - z\}$).
[ "True", "False" ]
A. True
m1_pref
aquarat_29857
A machine, working at a constant rate, manufactures 72 staplers in 28 minutes. How many staplers does it make in 1 hr 52 min?
[ "268", "262", "300", "288", "250" ]
D. 288
aquarat
arc_challenge_473
A conducting wire wrapped in plastic protects the user because the plastic
[ "keeps the wire cool.", "allows heat to move freely.", "is a good electrical insulator.", "has magnetic properties." ]
C. is a good electrical insulator.
arc_challenge
arc_easy_126
The Sun appears to move across the sky each day, rising in the east and setting in the west. What causes this apparent motion?
[ "the rotation of Earth on its axis", "the revolution of the Sun around Earth", "the Earth’s distance from the Sun", "the properties of Earth’s atmosphere" ]
A. the rotation of Earth on its axis
arc_easy
mmlu_train_18165
Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and _ plants. Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit. Most non-flowering plants don't grow from seeds. They grow from spores. Spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When these spores fall on wet and _ , they usually grow into new plants. In "shady" place there is _ .
[ "a lot of sunshine", "a lot of water", "no water", "little sunshine" ]
D. little sunshine
mmlu_train
aquarat_1166
A rectangular field is to be fenced on three sides leaving a side of 30 feet uncovered. If the area of the field is 810 sq. feet, how many feet of fencing will be required?
[ "34", "40", "68", "84", "None" ]
D. 84
aquarat
aquarat_11355
The list price of an article is Rs.65. A customer pays Rs.56.16 for it. He was given two successive discounts, one of them being 10%. The other discount is?
[ "2", "4", "5", "67", "8" ]
B. 4
aquarat
aquarat_17660
Find the compound interest on $1200 for 1year at 20% p.a. if CI is component yearly?
[ "$120", "$150", "$240", "$250", "$300" ]
C. $240
aquarat
mmlu_train_7243
We're so well educated - but we're useless students who have lost the ability to do anything practical. The only thing we've mastered is consumption . Large numbers of students have entered higher education in the past 10 years, but despite being the most educated generation in history, it seems that we've grown increasingly ignorant when it comes to basic life skills. Looking back on my first couple of weeks of living in student halls, I consider myself lucky to still be alive. Unfamiliar to fresher's, there are many hidden dangers in the dirty corners of students accommodation. I have survived a couple of serious boiling egg incidents and lots of cases of food - poisoning, probably from dirty kitchen counters. Although some of my clothes have fallen victim to ironing experimentation, I think I have now finally acquired all the domestic skills I missed out in my modem education. In 2006 and 2010, the charming educationist Sir Ken Robinson gave two very amusing talks in which he discussed the importance of creativity in education. Robinson's main viewpoint is that our current education system dislocates people from their natural talents. I would like to go a step further and propose that besides our talents, the system takes away what used to be passed from generation to generation - a working knowledge of basic life skills. Today's graduates may have earned themselves honor in history, law or economies, but when it comes to simple things like putting up a shelf to hold all their academic books, or fixing a hole in their on - trend clothes, they have to call for help from a professional handyman or tailor. Since the invention of the internet, it has never been easier for people to access information, but our highly specialized education has made us more one - sided than ever. I suggest that we start with the immediate reintroduction of some of the most vital aspects of "domestic science" education, before the current lack leads to serious accidents in student halls. According to Robinson's opinion, our current education _ .
[ "focuses on the importance if creativity", "dislocates people from their natural talents", "has equipped students with basic life skills", "has followed the convention properly" ]
B. dislocates people from their natural talents
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_17360
People with mentally taxing jobs, including lawyers and graphic designers, may end up having better memory in old age, research suggests. A study of more than 1,000 Scottish 70-year-olds found that those who had had complex jobs scored better on memory and thinking tests. One theory is that a more stimulating environment helps build up a "cognitive reserve" to help buffer the brain against age-related decline. The research was reported in Neurology. The team, from Heriot-Watt University, in Edinburgh, is now planning more work to look at how lifestyle and work interact to affect memory loss. Those taking part in the study took tests designed to assess memory, processing speed and general thinking ability, as well as filling in a questionnaire about their working life. The analysis showed that those whose jobs had required complex skills in dealing with data or people, such as management and teaching, had better scores on memory and thinking tests than those who had done less mentally intense jobs such as factory workers, bookbinders, or carpet layers. While the study did not look at biological reasons for the protective effect of certain jobs, potential explanations include that structural changes within the brain mean less damage is accumulated over time. Study leader Dr Alan Gow said: "Our findings have helped to identify the kinds of job demands that preserve memory and thinking later on." "However," He added, "while it is true that people who have higher cognitive abilities are more likely to get more complex jobs, there still seems to be a small advantage gained from these complex jobs for later thinking skills." Dr Simon Ridley, head of research at Alzheimer's Research UK, said the study added to the growing evidence about factors that affected brain health as we aged. "Keeping the brain active throughout life could be helpful and different types of work may play a role. However, it's important to note that this study points to a small and subtle association between occupation and later-life cognition rather than offering proof that people's occupation has a direct influence." What is the best title of the passage?
[ "Aging affects brain health", "Complex jobs may protect memory", "Occupations influence aging", "Complex jobs demand complex skills" ]
B. Complex jobs may protect memory
mmlu_train
aquarat_12389
6 people meet for a business gathering. Each person shakes hands once with each other person present. How many handshakes take place?
[ "30", "21", "18", "15", "10" ]
D. 15
aquarat
aquarat_47555
The bacteria have the probability of split into 3 and probability to die is 1/3rd of the total bacteria. Let the probability is P. Some of them survived with probability 1/5.Then which among the following relation is true?
[ "P=1/3+1/5*3", "P=1/3+1/5*4", "P=1/3+1/5*2", "P=1/8*", "P=1/5*" ]
A. P=1/3+1/5*3
aquarat
arc_challenge_21
The composition of soil influences the soil's ability to retain and transmit water and air. What soil type would be best for planting a productive garden?
[ "Sandy soils because they provide high silica content.", "Loamy soils because they contain sand and clay.", "Slightly rocky soils because they provide needed minerals.", "Clay soils because they are heavy soils and retain water." ]
B. Loamy soils because they contain sand and clay.
arc_challenge
mmlu_train_99019
You wake up north of the equator, and you notice the sunrise happening earlier than yesterday and later than the day after, what day could it be
[ "Feb. 21", "Dec. 21", "Sep. 31", "May 21" ]
B. Dec. 21
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_18244
TOKYO -- The number of domestic infections cases of influenza A/H1N1 in Japan hits 42 on Sunday after a total of 34 people in Osaka and Hyogo counties were confirmed to have been infected, local media reported. The total number of the infection in the country now stands at 46, including the first four cases contracted abroad. The country is now facing the risk of grass-root outbreak which could lead the WHO to raise its new flu pandemic alert to the highest level of 6 from the current 5, experts has warned. The 34 newly confirmed domestic cases, 11 in Osaka and 23 in Hyogo, included high school students, college students and teachers, the health ministry and local governments said Sunday. Japan on Saturday confirmed the first eight cases of domestic infection on students of a Kobe high school. The later confirmed cases in Osaka are said to have contacted the Kobe students in a volleyball match. Osaka and Hyogo are neighboring in the Kansai region. All of the 42 people had no record of overseas travel. Meanwhile, a total of 143 students at the Kansai Okura Senior High School where many infections in Osaka were found, have shown symptoms of influenza since around Monday, according to local media reports. The privately run school said it will be closed from Monday through Saturday. More than 1,000 educational facilities -- kindergartens, and elementary, junior and senior high schools -- in Osaka and Hyogo counties have decided to suspend classes for certain periods following the confirmation of new flu infections in the counties, Kyodo News reported. The two counties have requested private schools to follow suit. Osaka Governor Toru Hashimoto held a meeting of a new flu task force on Sunday and decided to ask facilities such as movie theaters to suspend operations to prevent the spread of the flu. TV clips showed people in Kansai region started to wear masks in public spaces and rushed to drug stores for buying medicines. The Japanese government on Saturday shifted the stage of its new-flu action program from "a period of overseas outbreak" to "a period of domestic outbreak" and called for companies and schools in the areas concerned to allow individuals to avoid commuting during rush hours. The Kyodo News quoted Masato Tashiro, a member of the World Health Organization's emergency committee, as saying that several hundred people in Japan already may have been infected with the new flu. The purpose of the passage is _ .
[ "to introduce the domestic infection cases in Japan.", "to draw people's attention to the worsening situation.", "to give some advice on preventing the spread of the flu.", "to call for educational facilities in Japan to suspend classes for some time." ]
B. to draw people's attention to the worsening situation.
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_27496
Common sense would tell us that physically active children may be more likely to become active and healthy adults. In the United States, elementary and middle schools are advised to give students two and a half hours of physical activity a week. That is what the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association recommend. They say high schools should provide about four hours of physical activity each week. Yet many schools across the country have reduced their physical education programs. Just this week, a study reported that life _ has fallen or is no longer increasing in some parts of the United States. The situation is worst among poor people in the southern states, and especially women. Public health researchers say it is largely the result of increases in fatness, smoking and high blood pressure. They also blame differences in health services around the country. In 2006, a study found that only four percent of primary schools provided daily physical education all year for all grades. This was true of eight percent of middle schools and two percent of high schools. The study also found that twenty-two percent of all schools did not require students to take any P.E. Charlene Burgeson , a health expert says one problem for P.E. teachers is that schools are under pressure to put more time into academic subjects. Also, parents may agree that children need exercise in school. Yet many parents today still have bad memories of being chosen last for teams because teachers favored the good athletes in class. But experts say P.E. classes have changed. They say the goal has moved away from competition and toward personal performance, as a way to build a lifetime of activity. These days, teachers often lead activities like weight training and yoga. Some parents like the idea of avoiding competitive sports in P.E. class. Yet others surely dislike that idea. In the end, schools may find themselves in a no-win situation. What is the main idea about this passage?
[ "P.E. is the most important subject for all students.", "P.E has changed its goal for some reasons in America.", "It introduces us the present situation of P.E in American schools and its cause.", "P.E can help students improve their academic subjects." ]
C. It introduces us the present situation of P.E in American schools and its cause.
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_12673
Focus on what you do best. This age-old strategy has worked well for Real Networks, Microsoft's main competitor in multimedia software for the Internet. Now, the smaller Seattle-based firm is trying a novel way to contain the software giant. On October 29th, it released the underlying recipe, or source-code, of its RealPlayer software and will soon do the same for its other programs--giving away a big chunk of its intellectual property . This may sound like a desperate echo of 1998, when Netscape, struggling in Microsoft's chokehold, published the source-code of its web browser. Yet Real Networks is not playing defence. It is trying to encourage the creation of a common multimedia software infrastructure for every kind of file format and device, thus thwarting Microsoft's ambitions in this promising market. The firm hopes that others in the industry (volunteer programmers, media firms and hardware makers) will take the code, called Helix DNA, improve it and make it run on new devices, such as mobile phones and home stereos, turning Real Networks' software into an industry standard. Clever licensing terms are supposed to ensure that this standard does not splinter and that the firm still makes money. Individual developers, universities and other non-profit organisations can modify the software as they please, and even redistribute it for free, so long as they also publish the source-code for their changes. This is a sort of payment in kind, for Real Networks is then allowed to use these contributions. Firms, on the other hand, must pay royalty fees if they distribute more than 1m copies of the code. They also have to make sure that their software works with other Helix DNA products. The software's development community already has 2,000 members. And several hardware makers back the effort. But there are risks. Afraid of piracy, media groups are suspicious of anything that might be related to hackers. The self-created competition could also hurt Real Networks if customers decide its commercial products, which will be based on the open source-code but with extra features, are not worth paying extra for. Real Networks' move is another sign that the software industry is going hybrid. Mixing elements of proprietary software, where the source-code is tightly controlled, with open-source programs enables firms to expand a market, harvest the ideas of others and, they hope, still make money. Even Microsoft is edging this way: it recently announced that partners can now look at--but not modify or re-use--the source-code for Passport, its controversial digital-identity service. What does the move of Real Networks suggest?
[ "Microsoft fails to control the software market.", "Software market is becoming a mixed market.", "Real Networks wants to make more money.", "Software market is not fixed and stable." ]
B. Software market is becoming a mixed market.
mmlu_train
aquarat_23020
Two stations A and B are 110 km apart on a straight line. One train starts from A at 7 a.m. and travels towards B at 20 kmph. Another train starts from B at 8 a.m. and travels towards A at a speed of 25 kmph. At what time will they meet?
[ "17 a.m", "10 a.m", "70 a.m", "16 a.m", "18 a.m" ]
B. 10 a.m
aquarat
arc_challenge_885
A student is given a liquid compound in a beaker. Which of the following is the best way to describe this liquid compound?
[ "definite shape, indefinite volume", "indefinite shape, indefinite volume", "definite shape, definite volume", "indefinite shape, definite volume" ]
D. indefinite shape, definite volume
arc_challenge
mmlu_train_44948
Did you know that a turtle can lay 12 eggs in one minute? A large sea turtle lays around 150 eggs at a time. She lays all these eggs in just a few minutes. Large sea turtles live in the warm seas of the world. Except for when they lay their eggs, they spend their whole lives in the water. When it is time to lay their eggs, the females swim to land. They usually return to the place where they themselves were born. How they find their way back there is unknown. When they reach shore, the big, heavy turtles crawl slowly up to the high water mark. Using their flippers, they pull themselves along the sand. They must struggle like mountain climbers. When they finally reach dry sand, they rest before beginning the difficult task of laying eggs. The turtles lay the eggs in deep holes and cover them with warm sand. The sand protects the eggs from harm. Then the females leave them. After a few weeks, if you happened to be walking along the beach, you might see the sand begin to shake. You may see tiny black balls coming out of the sand. The tiny heads of baby turtles! Turtles bury their eggs to protect them from _ .
[ "deep water", "danger", "heat", "bad weather" ]
B. danger
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_70955
Brush your teeth every day, dentists say. In the south of Africa, some people brush their teeth all day long. They keep a small stick in their mouth to chew or scrub their teeth all day. People cut the sticks from trees. They are the African toothbrushes. People there are used to brushing their teeth with sticks. Africans think the sticks work better than toothbrushes. The sticks come from nature, and it is said that there is something special about them. The special thing may stop many kinds of tooth problems. "If you have a bad tooth, it is a medicine," said Diop, a seller in Africa. The sticks are also much cheaper than toothbrushes. In Senegal ,the chewing stick is called "sothio". It means "to clean" in their language. In east Africa,the stick is called "mswaki". It's their word for "toothbrush". Even the dentists agree that the sticks seem to clean teeth better. Nowadays, some nice health stores in the United States start to sell chewing sticks. They think that the stick is natural kind of tooth care. When do the people in the south of Africa brush teeth with sticks?
[ "In the morning.", "In the afternoon.", "In the evening.", "All day." ]
D. All day.
mmlu_train
arc_easy_56
While conducting an investigation on refraction, a teacher uses a red laser pointer to show how a beam of light is affected as it passes through several glass objects. The teacher should make sure that the
[ "room is totally dark.", "light source is ultraviolet.", "beam of light does not travel toward the students.", "room walls are shielded with insulating material." ]
C. beam of light does not travel toward the students.
arc_easy
mmlu_train_6851
People are interested in eating raw foods or whole foods partly because eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in our body . Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and processed foods . When we cook foods , we destroy the natural enzymes that are part of the food in its raw form . These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food . When we consume food without these natural enzymes , our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream . In both cases , the result is obesity . When too many nutrients are absorbed at once , the body grows fat . Processed foods contain chemical elements , which might confuse the appetite system that tells us when we've had enough to eat ; as a result , people often overeat . Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle . The body will either identify these foods as allergens and then store them safely away from the organs as fat , or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste , which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body's cells . The body's metabolism becomes inactive , and the result is weight gain and obesity . To stop this _ circle in its tracks , people need to consume food and supplements that will balance the acid already accumulated in body . Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help . It's also important to restore our enzyme balance . We need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production . If we truly want to change and help our body heal itself , we need to take an active approach . To change and help our body heal itself , we need to _ .
[ "consume enough acid foods", "identify enzyme production", "avoid restoring our enzyme balance", "eat the right types of raw and whole foods" ]
D. eat the right types of raw and whole foods
mmlu_train
aquarat_36281
A train 360 m long runs with a speed of 45 km/hr. What time will it take to pass a platform of 140 m long?
[ "38 sec", "35 sec", "44 sec", "40 sec", "48 sec" ]
D. 40 sec
aquarat
mmlu_train_95421
How essential is air for animals?
[ "it is optional", "it is necessary", "it is useless", "it is unknown" ]
B. it is necessary
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_46525
Farm-raised pigs are dirty, smelly animals that get no respect. They're also an environmental hazard. Their manure contains phosphorus ,which, when it rains, runs off into lakes and rivers, consuming oxygen, killing fish, stimulating algae overgrowth and emitting greenhouse gases. Doing away with the pig is not an option. Pigs provide more dietary protein, more cheaply, to more people than any other animal. Northern Europe still maintains the highest pig-to-human ratio in the world (2-1 in Denmark), but East Asia is catching up. During the 1990s, pork production doubled in Vietnam and grew by 70 percent in China--along densely populated coastlines, pig density exceeds 100 animals per square kilometer. The resulting pollution is "threatening fragile coastal marine habitats including mangroves ,coral reefs and sea grasses ,"according to a report released in February by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. As it turns out, there is a solution to the pig problem, but it requires a change of mind-set among environmentalists and the public. Two Canadian scientists have created a pig whose manure doesn't contain very much phosphorus at all. If this variety of pig were adopted widely, It could greatly reduce a major source of pollution. But the Enviropig, as they call it, is the product of genetic modification--which is anathema to many Westerners. The Enviropig is one of many new technologies that are putting environmentalists and organic-food supporters in _ : should they remain categorically opposed to genetically modified (GM)foods even at the expense of the environment? Elsewhere, trees grown for paper could be made amenable to much more efficient processing, reducing both energy usage and toxic chemical bleach in waste water from paper mills. The most significant GM applications will be ones that help lessen the problem of agriculture , which accounts for 38percent of the world's landmass and is crowding out natural ecosystems and species habitats. Chances are, farmers will continue to grow their polluting organic pork, their allergenic organic soy and their neurotoxin sprayed organic apples. Worse still, they will make sure that no one else gets a choice in the matter of improving the conditions of life on earth--unless, that is, others rise up and demand an alternative. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
[ "Pigs bring more destruction than benefit to human beings.", "No other countries have the higher percentage of pig-to-human than East Asia.", "The pork production has increased to 70% in China.", "The pollution brought by pigs is a killer to the creature of the sea." ]
D. The pollution brought by pigs is a killer to the creature of the sea.
mmlu_train
aquarat_24154
The probability of a lottery ticket being a prized ticket is 0.2. When 4 tickets are purchased, the probability of winning a prize on atleast one ticket is?
[ "0.5907", "0.5904", "0.5902", "0.5901", "0.59023" ]
B. 0.5904
aquarat
mmlu_train_5728
A private group of scientists has announced plans to make an exact copy of a human being. An American member of the team says he and the others will soon begin a serious effort to clone humans. Panos Zavos says the team hopes to manufacture the world's first cloned baby within the next two years. In recent years, scientists have produced exact genetic copies of sheep and a few other animals. They created these clones from a single cell of an adult animal. Three years ago, another American doctor, Richard Seed, announced plans to clone a human being. However, there is no evidence that he has been successful. Doctor Zavos says the new international group plans to offer human cloning only to women who are currently not able to become pregnant or produce children. He says the aim is to assist people who want to have their own biological child. The technology would be similar to that used to clone animals. It would involve cleaning genetic material from a woman's egg. Doctors then would place genetic material from the woman's husband into the egg before putting it into the woman's uterus . Doctor Zavos says his group plans to do the work in a country near the Mediterranean Sea. He did not name the country. He says an Italian reproductive expert, Sevorino Antinori, is leading the team. Doctor Antinori has led the efforts to help many older women become pregnant. He is known for establishing pregnancies in women as old as sixty. Many medical experts and other groups are opposed to the idea of cloning humans. Several countries ban or restrict work on human cloning. Several doctors criticize the announcement by Doctor Zavos. They say doctors do not know if cloning humans is possible or safe. They say it would be irresponsible to attempt to clone a human being. That is because the chances of success are too small and the risks are too great. How do many medical experts and other groups like the idea of cloning humans?
[ "They are in favour of the idea.", "They are against the idea.", "They have an optimistic attitude to the idea.", "They think it is none of their business." ]
B. They are against the idea.
mmlu_train
mmlu_train_5827
Preschool-aged children who can focus on a particular task for an extended period of time have a 50 percent greater chance of graduating from college, according to a new study from Oregon State University. Observing 430 preschoolers, researchers asked parents to rate their children based on social and behavioral skills, such as "plays with a single toy for long periods of time" or "child gives up easily when difficulties are encountered." Additionally, in order to find out the changes happening on them, the children's reading and math skills were assessed at age 7 and again at age 21. What researchers discovered was that the ability to pay attention and follow directions may be more critical than academic abilities to overall academic success. "There is a big push now to teach children early academic skills at the preschool level," said Megan McClelland, an early child development researcher at Oregon State and lead author of the study, in a news release. "Our study shows that the biggest predictor of college completion wasn't math or reading skills, but whether or not they were able to pay attention and finish tasks at age 4." Parents whose children rated higher on attention span and persistence at the age of 4 had a nearly 50 percent greater chance of completing their college degree by age 25, according to the study. Fortunately, as McClelland noted in the news release, these social and behavioral skills can be taught, and the earlier adults step in to guide the student, the greater chances a child has to succeed academically. "Academic ability carries you a long way, but these other skills are also important," McClelland said. "Increasingly, we see that the ability to listen, pay attention, and complete important tasks is _ for success later in life." Preschoolers observed in the research _ .
[ "just liked playing one toy", "gave up facing difficulties", "put academic subjects first", "would receive at least two assessments" ]
D. would receive at least two assessments
mmlu_train
arc_easy_1476
Plants in a forest need to obtain nutrients from the soil to survive. How do most of the nutrients get back in the soil once the forest plants have used them for growth?
[ "Organic matter recycles from dead organisms.", "Commercial fertilizers are applied by humans.", "Solar radiation reaches the ground surface.", "Rainwater drips off of living organisms." ]
A. Organic matter recycles from dead organisms.
arc_easy
arc_easy_1503
A manufacturing industry has asked to relocate its plant to your town. From an environmental perspective, which question is least important to ask before deciding whether the industry may move to your town?
[ "How will the plant affect wildlife of the area?", "What kinds of pollution will the plant produce?", "What impact will the plant have on the population of the town?", "What are the uses of the products that the plant will manufacture?" ]
D. What are the uses of the products that the plant will manufacture?
arc_easy
mmlu_train_97048
A plant needing to photosynthesize will want to be placed nearest to a
[ "fridge", "bed", "skylight", "basement" ]
C. skylight
mmlu_train
arc_challenge_897
A student concludes that a chemical reaction performed in a classroom investigation was exothermic. To communicate the validity of this conclusion, which would make the best visual evidence in a presentation?
[ "photographs of reactants and products", "listing of masses of reactants and products", "listing of time from start to finish of reaction", "photograph of a flame produced when the chemicals reacted" ]
D. photograph of a flame produced when the chemicals reacted
arc_challenge
aquarat_17180
a,b and c are three sides of a right angled triangle . a,b and c are all integers . Area of the triangle is T1. From all three sides a,b and c , we draw a square having areas as S1, S2 and S3 . Now, Total area ( T1+S1+S2+S3) is :
[ "a fractional value", "may be even or odd", "odd only", "even only", "None of these" ]
D. even only
aquarat