id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5 values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_train_93984 | Which sequence lists the levels of organization in the human body from simplest to most complex? | [
"organ system -> tissue -> cell -> organ",
"tissue -> cell -> organ -> organ system",
"organ -> organ system -> tissue -> cell",
"cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system"
] | D. cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_60908 | What would you think if someone suggested knocking down St Paul's Cathedral to widen the road? Or pulling down Big Ben to make way for a car park? It would be ridiculous, right? But when it comes to devastation of the natural world, we aren't so easily shocked. But we should be...or we'll be in a lot of trouble. _ . Ancient forests are destroyed. Wetlands are becoming dry. Woodland is disappearing, and all in the name of progress. This is bad in itself, but it's devastating for biodiversity. Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals and other living things that are all interconnected. The ecological services provided by biodiversity are vital to everyday life. The air we breathe is a product of photosynthesis by green plants. Insects, worms and bacteria break down waste and make soils rich. And tiny organisms clean the water in rivers and sea. In fact, all life on the earth exists thanks to the benefits of biodiversity. More than 90 percent of the calories consumed by people worldwide are produced from 80 plant species. And 30 percent of medicines are developed from plants and animals. Maintaining a wide diversity of species in each ecosystem is necessary to preserve all living things. The loss of biodiversity could be devastating. "It is wrong to think that biodiversity can be reduced indefinitely without threatening humans," said Harvard University biologist Edward O. Wilson, known as the "father of biodiversity". He warned, "We are about to reach a critical point beyond which biodiversity loss will become irreversible ." But what can we do? The present problem is that the concept of biodiversity is so vague . People might care about giant pandas, but it is much harder to excite them about the fate of tiny sea creatures which are being boiled to death in the cooling systems of power stations along coastlines. TheGuardiannewspaper is trying to help. _ has launched the Biodiversity 100 campaign to try to convince governments around the world to take action to deal with the widespread concerns about biodiversity. This includes persuading the UK government to create a series of marine reserves to reserve the decrease in the sea-life caused by industrial fishing, stopping fishing sharks by the Japanese fishermen and banning the killing of dingoes (wild dogs) in Australia, among many other things. There is a lot to do. And we'd better act quickly if we don't want to end up with a planet that can't sustain life! The writer thinks it _ to pull down Big Ben to make way for a car park. | [
"unreasonable",
"necessary",
"difficult",
"reasonable"
] | A. unreasonable | mmlu_train |
aquarat_22068 | A pool can be filled in 4 hours and drained in 5 hours. The valve that fills the pool was opened at 9:00 am and some time later the drain that empties the pool was also opened. If the pool was filled by 6:00 pm and not earlier, when was the drain opened? | [
"10:45 am",
"11:45 am",
"12:45 pm",
"1:45 pm",
"2:45 pm"
] | B. 11:45 am | aquarat |
arc_easy_1090 | Which two observations are both used to describe weather? | [
"precipitation and runoff",
"temperature and sky conditions",
"wind speed and erosion",
"types of clouds and deposition"
] | B. temperature and sky conditions | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_21970 | Scientists say they have discovered a promising treatment for sleeping sickness, a killer disease that infects about 60,000 people in Africa a year. British and Canadian experts say drugs could attack the parasite causing the illness needs to survive. They say the drug could be ready for human medical test in about 18 months. The disease, spread by the bite of a fly, is caused by a parasite attacking the central nervous system. It has similar symptoms to malaria , making it difficult to diagnose. Left untreated, it moves to the brain, resulting in mental confusion and final death The "breakthrough" came at the University of Dundee in Scotland, where scientists were offered money to research diseases ignored by major drugs companies. Professor Paul Wyatt, director of the programme, said: "This is one of the most significant findings made in recent years in terms of drug discovery and development for ignored diseases." He said the research, published in the journal Nature, represented "significant progress" in the development of a full blown drug against the disease. The World Health Organization said there are between 50,000 and 70,000 cases of the disease a year, with a further 60 million people at risk of infection. The research in Dundee was _ by partners at the University of York in England and the Structural Genomics Consortium in Toronto, Canada. The two drugs currently available to treat sleeping sickness both have problems. One is with side effects that kill one in 20 patients and the other is costly, only partially effective and requires long-time hospital treatment, the scientists said. We can learn from the passage that _ . | [
"big drug companies play an important role in the research of the new drug",
"people who get infected with the disease are mentally disturbed",
"among 200 people infected with the disease, 5 may die because of the old drug",
"Professor Paul Wyatt may be a professor at the University of York"
] | B. people who get infected with the disease are mentally disturbed | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_745 | A rainforest area is experiencing a severe drought. As a consequence, the insect population has decreased. What will the insect-eating birds most likely do as a result of the drought? | [
"stop searching for food until it begins to rain",
"begin reproducing to increase population",
"move to a new area to find food",
"start the process of hibernation"
] | C. move to a new area to find food | arc_easy |
aquarat_30853 | Free notebooks were distributed equally among children of a class. The number of notebooks each child got was one-eighth of the number of children. Had the number of children been half, each child would have got 16 notebooks. How many notebooks were distributed in all? | [
"432",
"640",
"256",
"512",
"None of these"
] | D. 512 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_99443 | Where might you find eggs? | [
"forest",
"space",
"lava",
"ocean"
] | A. forest | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_73600 | Report Card Name: James Stuart Time: January 24th, 2012 Subjects Grades Comments English B+: Your reading and writing are good. But you have a strong accent , so you are not good at speaking. And you do not put much effort into this subject. If you work hard, you can get a better grade in this subject. Physics A+:You are good at this subject. You are hard-working. I am glad that you do best in this subject Math C:You like this subject. But you are not good at this subject because you are a little bit lazy. It is disappointing. You can do better if you try your best. Music B:It is a happy thing to hear you play the piano. You are crazy about the music. Although you like this subject best, your accent has a bad influence on your singing. James got the best grade in _ . | [
"English",
"physics",
"math",
"music"
] | B. physics | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1345 | Minerals can be identified using hardness, streak, and cleavage because | [
"minerals are inorganic.",
"crystal structure is too hard to determine.",
"crystal size is determined by the environment.",
"minerals have different recognizable properties."
] | D. minerals have different recognizable properties. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_99085 | A mechanism that a ____ uses is a ____ | [
"see-saw; pulley",
"crane; pulley",
"lever; lever",
"cat; fishing rod"
] | B. crane; pulley | mmlu_train |
aquarat_21762 | A certain clock marks every hour by striking a number of times equal to the hour,and the time required for a stroke is exactly equal to the time interval between strokes. At 6:00 the time lapse between the beginning of the first stroke and the end of the last stroke is 66 seconds. at 12:00 ,how many seconds elapse between the beginning of the first stroke and the end of the last stroke? | [
"A.138",
"B.50",
"C.48",
"D.46",
"E.44"
] | A. A.138 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_51882 | Below is a page adapted from About Wikipedia on how to take full advantage of Wikipedia. Wikipediais a web-based, free-content encyclopedia in many languages. SSExploring Wikipedia Many visitors come to Wikipedia to acquire knowledge, while others come to share knowledge. At this very instant, dozens of articles are being improved, and new articles are also being created. Over 3,500 articles have been listed by the Wikipedia community as featured articles. Another 15,000 articles are listed as good articles. Wikipedia is available in more than 280 languages including English. Its related projects include a dictionary, quotations, books, manuals, and scientific reference sources, and a news service. All of these are kept, updated, and managed by separate communities, and often include information and articles that can be hard to find through other common sources. SSBasic navigation in Wikipedia Wikipedia articles are all linked, or cross-referenced. In every article, there are links to some related articles or Wikipedia pages with further in-depth information. Holding the mouse over a certain link will often show to where the link will lead. There are other links towards the ends of most articles, for other articles of interest, related websites and pages and so on. Some articles may also have links to dictionary definitions, audio-book readings, quotations, the same article in other languages etc. SSUsing Wikipedia as a research tool Wiki articles are never considered complete and may be continually edited and improved. Over time, this generally results in an upward trend of quality and a growing agreement over a representation of information. Users should be aware that not all articles are of encyclopedic quality from the start. Indeed, many articles start their lives as displaying a single viewpoint; and, after a long process of discussion, debate, and argument, _ gradually take on a neutral point of view reached through agreement. Others may, for a while, become caught up in a heavily unbalanced viewpoint which can take some time--months perhaps--to achieve better balanced coverage of their subject. SSWikipedia vs. paper encyclopedias Wikipedia has advantages over traditional paper encyclopedias. Wikipedia has a very low "publishing" cost for adding or expanding entries and a low environmental impact in some respects, since it never needs to be printed. In addition, Wikipedia has wikilinks instead of in-line explanations and its articles provide not only summaries but also plenty of details. Additionally, the editorial cycle is short. A paper encyclopedia stays the same until the next edition, while editors can update Wikipedia at any instant, around the clock, to help ensure that articles keep up with the most recent events. The passage is presented in a way of _ . | [
"discussion",
"description",
"instruction",
"summary"
] | C. instruction | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_638 | In clear weather, a bright light can be seen for a long distance. In conditions of heavy fog, the visibility is greatly reduced. Which of the following explains the reduced visibility? | [
"Light is refracted by water vapor in the air.",
"Light is scattered by water droplets in the air.",
"Light is absorbed by water vapor near the ground.",
"Light is reflected by water droplets on the ground."
] | B. Light is scattered by water droplets in the air. | arc_easy |
aquarat_21942 | Carmen made a sculpture from small pieces of wood. The sculpture is 2 feet 10 inches tall.Carmen places her sculpture on a base that is 6 inches tall. How tall are the sculpture andbase together? | [
"3.1 feet",
"3.2 feet",
"3.3 feet",
"3.4 feet",
"3.5 feet"
] | C. 3.3 feet | aquarat |
mmlu_train_92732 | A student states that plants grow taller when grown in natural light than they do in artificial light. Which method is the best way to determine if the statement is fact or opinion? | [
"conduct a controlled experiment",
"discuss the statement with other students",
"ask several teachers their thoughts",
"propose a scientific conclusion"
] | A. conduct a controlled experiment | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_27819 | Today, innovations to make our lives more eco-friendly can be found everywhere. There are energy-efficient automobiles, eco-friendly light bulbs, and clothes made by fashion designers using sustainable environmental practices. Industries around the world have also begun to take a serious look at how their operations affect the local and global environment. The university of Colorado has been named one of the top green colleges and universities in the United States. This university was one of the first to start a student-led recycling program in the 1970s and today supplies students with reusable shopping bags to use both on and off campus. The entire University of Colorado also uses low flow water fixtures and has reduced water usage by 40 percent since 2002. When it comes to going green, Warren Wilson College has been recognized in many places. The Sierra Club and The Princeton Review have named the college as one of America's greenest colleges and universities, while the school has also received the Outstanding College Recycling Award from the Carolina Recycling Association, as well as awards from the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education(AASHE). For a small college, Warren Wilson has made enormous efforts to be an eco-friendly campus since its beginning, and today owns a campus farm, a seeding program, and an extensive recycling program. Warren Wilson was also the first College to have an LEED platinum certified residence hall, and its building services department is also 100 percent GreenSeal certified. According to College Stats, Warren Wilson College is one of the first institutions in the United States to be almost completely self-sufficient while also engaging students to incorporate sustainability into all academic programs. Going green efforts at Oberlin College have not gone unnoticed. Oberlin College spends 22 percent of its food budget on buying food from local farmers, with most of the food raised or harvested with organic and sustainable practices. Oberlin has also stopped selling bottled water on campus and offers discounts to students who use their own storage containers when purchasing beverages and food items. Among Oberlin's other eco-friendly accomplishments is a green graduation ceremony, which includes programs printed on 100 percent recycled paper. Students in Oberlin College can _ . | [
"grow their own food on campus",
"pay less with their own containers",
"help the college make its food budget",
"recycle paper at their graduation ceremony"
] | B. pay less with their own containers | mmlu_train |
aquarat_12825 | If I walk at 4 km/h, I miss the bus by 10 minutes. If I walk at 5 km/h, I reach 5 minutes before the arrival of the bus. How far I walk to reach the bus stand ? | [
"5 km",
"4.5 km",
"5 1⁄4 km/h",
"Cannot be determined",
"None of these"
] | A. 5 km | aquarat |
aquarat_49944 | With a uniform speed a car covers the distance in 8 hours. Had the speed been increased by 2 km/hr, the same distance could have been covered in 7 1/2 hours. What is the distance covered? | [
"187 km",
"480 km",
"278 km",
"240 km",
"671 km"
] | D. 240 km | aquarat |
aquarat_5595 | Lamp A flashes every 6 seconds, Lamp B flashes every 8 seconds, Lamp C flashes every 10 seconds. At a certain instant of time all three lamps flash simultaneously. During the period of 6 minutes after that how many times will exactly two lamps flash? (Please include any flash of exactly two lights which occurs at the 6 minute mark.) | [
"24",
"25",
"26",
"27",
"28"
] | D. 27 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_20792 | You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're known as the black box. When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed. In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane - the area least subject to impact - from its original position in the landing wells . The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility. Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000degF. When submerged , they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered. . What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner? | [
"Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.",
"The total number of passengers on board.",
"The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.",
"Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash."
] | A. Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_151 | Which of these is found in all organisms? | [
"a cell",
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"an organ system"
] | A. a cell | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_8065 | Humans might be the most highly-evolved species on the planet, but most animals possess skills we can only dream of having. Imagine how much electricity we could save if we could see in the dark the way cats do. Imagine leaping from tree to tree like a monkey. Giraffes, which are otherwise calm and good-natured, sleep only 4.6 hours a day. We realized a long, long time ago that nature provides the best blueprint for invention. We've borrowed canals from beavers and reflectors from cat's eyes. Although the words "bionics" became popular only after the 1960s, history shows that nature has always provided ideas on solving everyday problems. Our archives don't go back to the time of Leonardo da Vinci and his bird-like flying machines, but we can take you to the late 19th century, where we applied those same principles for building our first practical airplanes. To prepare for their flight at Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers studied the movements of pigeons to figure out how they stayed high up when they were heavier than air. Their success inspired scores of successors to improve on the airplane by studying various aspects of nature. One of Orville Wright's pupils caught and stuffed seagulls to examine their wingspan. Meanwhile, two French inventors examined spinning sycamore seeds in an effort to apply those same motions, reversed, to a helicopter . Some examples are more obvious than others. The outside of the airplane designed by the Wright brothers looks like a minimalistic structure. On the other hand, Barney Connett's fish submarine actually looks like a fish. Some bio-inspired concepts have yet to be invented. In the 1960s, the US Army commissioned several university professors to conduct research on the motor skills animals in hope of applying those same abilities to tanks. Tanks that run like horses or jump like grasshoppers -sounds shocking, doesn't it? But imagine how life would change if we could achieve that. What happened after the Wright brothers' success? | [
"People carried out a systematic study on pigeons.",
"People studied more animals and plants to develop the airplane.",
"People could fly their airplane for fun.",
"People kept their airplane at a French gallery."
] | B. People studied more animals and plants to develop the airplane. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1632 | Which layer of the atmosphere contains the greatest amount of water vapor? | [
"thermosphere",
"mesosphere",
"stratosphere",
"troposphere"
] | D. troposphere | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_70974 | Fishing is a popular activity and every fisherman knows the rule: Keep the big ones, throw the smaller ones back. The idea behind Lt is simple - the larger fish are probably older. If you keep the smaller ones, they won't be able to reproduce, and the fish population is in danger. But fishing out the largest fish from a population has an unwanted effect: Over time, fewer adult fish get really big. If only the smaller fish reproduce , then future generations become smaller. This is an example of evolution in action. One scientist, Dr David Conover has spent the last decade studying the effects of the "keep the big ones" rule and if they can be reversed . To set up his experiment, Conover and his team caught hundreds of silverside fish and divided them into six groups. For two groups, Conover followed the "keep the large ones" rule and took out the biggest fish. For two other groups, he removed only the small fish. For the last two groups, he removed fish at random . After five years, he measured the fish in each group. In the two groups where the largest fish were regularly removed, the average fish size was smaller than the average size in the other groups. Here was evolution in action: If only small fish survive to reproduce, then future generations of fish will also tend to be small. For the second five years of his experiment, Conover changed the rules and took fish randomly from each group. At the end of the experiment, he found that the fish that were in the "keep the large ones" group for the first five years had started to get larger again, although he calculated it would take at least 12 years for the fish in that group to return to their original size. In other words, it takes less time to shrink than it does to recover. Why do many people follow the "keep the big ones, throw the small ones back" rule? | [
"It helps to protect fish numbers.",
"It helps to protect fish size.",
"It is the custom in most countries.",
"They will be punished if they don't."
] | A. It helps to protect fish numbers. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_913 | Which physical characteristic of Earth is similar to a physical characteristic of the Moon? | [
"its climate",
"its great seas",
"its atmosphere",
"its mountain ranges"
] | D. its mountain ranges | arc_challenge |
aquarat_40393 | Bill bought 100 packets of candy. He was able to sell 1/2 of them at a 20% profit, another 1/4 of them at zero profit and the remainder was sold at a 5% loss. Find the total profit or loss made by Bill after selling those 100 packets. A packet sold at a loss had a price of $9.
Please provide an intuitive answer if possible. Thanks!! | [
"0",
"Profit of $87.5",
"Loss of $25",
"Profit of $80",
"Profit of $85"
] | B. Profit of $87.5 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_6142 | An article published recently in the scientific journal Nature is shedding new light on an important, but so far little has been appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article, Professors Dennis Bramble, and Daniel Lieberman suggest that the ability to run was a decisive factor in the development of our species. According to the two scientists, humans possess a number of anatomical features that make them surprisingly good runners. "We are very confident that strong selection for running,which came at the expense of the historical ability to live in trees-was helpful in the origin of the modern human body form," says Bramble, a biology professor at the University of Utah. Traditional thinking up to now has been that the upright body form of modern humans has come about as a result of the ability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product of walking. Furthermore, humans have usually been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as dogs, horses or antelopes. However, this is only true if we consider fast running over short distances. Even Olympic athlete can hardly run as fast as a horse can gallop, and can only keep up a top speed for fifteen seconds or so. Horses and antelopes, on the other hand, can run at top speed for several minutes, clearly outperforming us in this respect. But when it comes to long-distance running, humans do astonishingly well. They can maintain a steady pace for miles, and their overall speed compares favorably with that of horses or dogs. Bramble and Lieberman examined twenty-six anatomical features found in humans. One of the most interesting of these is the nuchal ligament . When we run, it is this ligament that prevents our head from pitching back and forth or from side to side. Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads held high. The nuchal ligament is not found in any other surviving primates , although the fossil record shows that Homo erectus, an early human species that walked upright, much as we do, also had one. Then there are our Achilles tendons at the backs of our legs, which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these tendons behave like springs, helping to push us forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders, virtually disconnected from our skulls (the bony part of the head), another anatomical adaptation which allows us to run more efficiently. But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? One assumption is that this ability may have permitted early humans to obtain food more effectively. "What these features and fossil facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our direct ancestors to compete with other carnivores (animals that eat meat) for access to the protein needed to grow the big brains that we enjoy today." says Lieberman. The passage does NOT tell us that _ | [
"early humans had an advantage in obtaining food thanks to the running ability",
"fossils help us better understand human evolution.",
"our Achilles tendons are an adaptation for running efficiently",
"big brains may have been evolved for running long-distance"
] | D. big brains may have been evolved for running long-distance | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_19966 | One of the most important meals of the day is breakfast. In order for children to build strong bodies and for adults to keep well, they should always eat a good breakfast. Eating the right food is necessary for good health. You should eat different kinds of food in order to keep a good health. It is understood that a good breakfast may contain eggs, bread, milk, and so on. By eating breakfast every morning, you can feel alive and active in the morning's work. After a good breakfast you can step out into the morning air and feel wonderful. Anybody can feel better by eating a good breakfast. Many fathers and mothers are unable to get their children to eat breakfast. There are many reasons for children not to eat breakfast. One reason could be that they do not have a good example. It could be that the father and mother do not eat breakfast. What ever the reasons are for children not to eat breakfast, it can be bad for their health. Without breakfast children may not grow as fast as they should and may not study and play as well in school in the morning as they could. They can have more illnesses, and, when they are ill, it may take them longer to be in good health again than it takes children with good health habits. Good eating habits mean eating breakfast. Unless you eat breakfast, you do not eat a full meal from dinner the night before until lunch the next day. This is quite a long time for the body to go without food. Food is the source of power for the body. Unless the body gets food, it cannot keep operating at top speed. Without food the body will slow down. Nobody will live without food. It is necessary to start the day full of power. So you must eat breakfast so that you can keep in good health and do your best each morning. What will happen to the children without breakfast? | [
"They may not grow as fast as children with breakfast.",
"They may grow faster and better than children with breakfast.",
"They may grow as fast and well as children with breakfast.",
"They may study as well as or ever better than children with breakfast."
] | A. They may not grow as fast as children with breakfast. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_50477 | The principal that amounts to Rs. 4903 in 3 years at 6 1/4 % per annum C.I. compounded annually, is? | [
"s. 3096",
"s. 4076",
"s. 4085",
"s. 4096",
"s. 5096"
] | B. s. 4076 | aquarat |
aquarat_36513 | For any integer k greater than 1, the symbol k* denotes the product of all integers between 1 and k, inclusive. If k* is a multiple of 1701 what is the least possible value of k? | [
"8",
"10",
"12",
"14",
"16"
] | C. 12 | aquarat |
arc_easy_691 | In May 2007, wildfires burned more than 350 square miles of habitat in Florida and Georgia. Intense fires like this one can temporarily remove nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in area soil. What most likely happens in the burned areas until organic decay replenishes the lost nutrients? | [
"Consumers take on the ecological role of producers.",
"Only secondary consumers obtain the resources they need.",
"The carrying capacity of the soil for plant growth is reduced.",
"The remaining organisms in the area become more territorial."
] | C. The carrying capacity of the soil for plant growth is reduced. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_53039 | The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus , used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems quite fast. Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages. In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster, Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow. The computer is a _ machine. | [
"helpful",
"strange",
"large",
"dangerous"
] | A. helpful | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_95122 | Blood absorbs oxygen in the | [
"both lower limbs of the body",
"organs that develop during childhood",
"nasal bones projecting above the mouth",
"inner canals of the ear"
] | B. organs that develop during childhood | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_65543 | Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy but also a source of concern as their huge spinning blades frequently kill birds and bats. A new type of wind generator developed in Spain offers a creative solution to that problem. In 2002, Spanish inventor David Yanez saw a short film about the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the U.S., collapsing in strong wind. It was a vivid example of the powerful vibrations wind can create when it blows past a long pole, such as a car antenna or even a stick of bamboo. It gave him the idea for a new type of wind-energy generator. "The initial philosophy or spirit was to create a generator of dreams that had all the qualities one would want: It should be as cheap as possible, need as little maintenance as possible, the setup as simple as possible," he said. Yanez and his friend Raoul Martin took the idea to an engineering firm, where they were told it would never work. Undiscouraged, they started experimenting on their own in a small wind tunnel they built. Good initial results were repeated by a larger working model called Vortex installed in a nearby field. "What we have is a mast , which is the top piece and acts as a blade," Yanez said. "It's constructed from the same material as a conventional generator, and what it does is it oscillates , transmitting the oscillation to a conventional alternator, which by its own oscillation converts the wind's energy into electric energy." Yanez said the output of the 6-meter-tall generator, and even that of smaller models, was better than expected. The Vortex creates about 30 percent less energy than a comparable bladed wind turbine, but it is lighter and cheaper to build and maintain. It is made mostly of reinforced plastic and has very few moving parts. Also, it does not create noise and--even more important for many environmentalists--it does not present a threat to passing birds. The current prototype works at wind speeds ranging from 1.5 to 7 meters per second. The inventors say the next step is building a 12.5-meter tall bladeless generator with a 4-kilowatt capacity that could power small businesses or individual homes, or provide supplemental power to a main grid. The commercial version of the Vortex Bladeless generator should be ready for the market by 2017. What do we know from the passage? | [
"The original idea was considered as practical in an engineering firm.",
"Yanez and Martin's initial tests by themselves proved to be successful.",
"The material for constructing the mast is different from that of the past.",
"The new generator is better at creating energy than a comparable bladed one."
] | B. Yanez and Martin's initial tests by themselves proved to be successful. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_89449 | Hi! My name is Hunt. Here is a picture of my class. Joan is short and is wearing a yellow dress. She is good at maths. David is tall and has black hair. He is good at playing basketball. Mike is big. He has small eyes. He is funny. He can play football. Lily has long hair. She can speak Japanese. Helen is a black girl. She has short hair. She likes swimming. She is on the swimming team. I like music. Can you find me? I'm the boy with glasses. Becky is new here. She comes from Hong Kong. She has black hair and black eyes. She speaks English well. And she is very good at computer. Which sentence is right ? | [
"David is short.",
"Mike has long hair.",
"Helen is a white girl.",
"Becky is good at computer."
] | D. Becky is good at computer. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_18147 | 5000 was divided into two parts such a way that when first part was invested at 3% and the second at 5%, the whole annual interest from both the investments is Rs.144, how much was put at 3%? | [
"10600",
"11600",
"12600",
"10680",
"20600"
] | A. 10600 | aquarat |
aquarat_48196 | A machine puts c caps on bottles in m minutes. How many E hours will it take to put caps on b bottles? | [
"60bm/c",
"E=bm/60c",
"bc/60m",
"60b/cm",
"b/60cm"
] | B. E=bm/60c | aquarat |
mmlu_train_7804 | If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise--and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of aging could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.) Contraction of front and side parts--as cells die off--was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds. Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age--using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain," he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators." According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others? | [
"Lawyers.",
"Farmers.",
"Clerks.",
"Shop assistants."
] | A. Lawyers. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_55676 | How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional long life may have even more to do with your genes. For the first time, researchers have discovered a genetic recipe that accurately predicts who may live to 100 and beyond. Analysis shows that 90% of the participants who lived to 100 had at least one of the signature genetic clusters . Dr. Thomas Perls at the Boston University School of Medicine said, "We realize this is a complex genetic puzzle. There is a long way for us to go to understand how the integration of these genes--not just with themselves but with environmental factors--is playing a role in this long life puzzle." Perls has studied many factors that contribute to long life, and he is the first to acknowledge that living longer isn't likely to be simply a matter of genes. His previous work has shown, for example, that among most elderly people who live into their 70s and 80s, about 70% can owe their long life to environmental factors such as not smoking; eating a healthy, low-fat, low-calorie diet; and remaining socially engaged and mentally active throughout life. It seems clear that those who live extremely long are benefiting from a special DNA. In fact, Perls believes that the older a person gets, the more likely it is that his or her genes are contributing to those extended years. Which of the following is FALSE according to the text? | [
"Remaining socially engaged helps a person to live long.",
"A genetic recipe can accurately predict who may live to 100 and beyond.",
"Perls is the first to think living longer is just a matter of genes.",
"The older he gets, the more likely the genes contribute to his extended years."
] | C. Perls is the first to think living longer is just a matter of genes. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_1074 | A teacher opens a can of food in the front of a classroom. Soon, all of the students in the classroom can smell the food. Which statement identifies a property of a gas that allows all of the students to smell the food? | [
"A gas has no mass.",
"A gas has a large mass.",
"A gas takes the shape of its container.",
"A gas keeps its shape when placed in a container."
] | C. A gas takes the shape of its container. | arc_challenge |
aquarat_1860 | A watch was sold at a loss of 10%. If the watch was sold for $32 more, there would have been a gain of 6%. What is the cost price? | [
"$180",
"$200",
"$220",
"$240",
"$260"
] | B. $200 | aquarat |
aquarat_13576 | There are 16 students in a class. On the day the test was given, Bob was absent. The other 15 students took the test and their average was 77. The next day, Bob took the test, and with this grade included, the new average was 78. What was Bob's grade on the test? | [
"92",
"93",
"94",
"95",
"96"
] | B. 93 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_94520 | In which object does chemical energy most likely transform into electrical energy? | [
"a candle",
"a mirror",
"a flashlight",
"a television"
] | C. a flashlight | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_92 | Which of the following is true regarding the random forest classification algorithm? | [
"It is not suitable for parallelization.",
"It uses only a subset of features for learning in each weak learner.",
"We compute a prediction by randomly selecting the decision of one weak learner.",
"It produces a human interpretable model."
] | B. It uses only a subset of features for learning in each weak learner. | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_78157 | If you watch the sky for about an hour after the sun goes down , you may see some " moving stars". But they're not really stars. They're man--made satellites . And the biggest of all is the International Space Station(ISS). From May to July is the best season to watch the ISS flying over the earth. And people can see it with their eyes. The ISS is the biggest satellite and scientists want to live on it. They think that the best way to learn more about space is to live there. When the space station is finished , it will be like a city in space. People will stay and study there with many of the things they have at home. Laboratories, living rooms and power stations are being built. The ISS is the most expensive space program. Billions of dollars are being spent on it every year. Scientists hope that the ISS will be _ for future space exploration . "The ISS will help us understand the human body better, explore space and study the earth. It can help us make life on the earth better, " said Kathryn Clark , an ISS scientist. Sixteen countries are part of the program: the US, Russia, Canada, Japan, Brazil and 11 European countries. China isn't an ISS country , but it has helped with some of the experiments. In 2003 , China sent some rice up to the ISS to find out what space would do to it. ,. From the passage we know that _ . | [
"the ISS costs less than people expect",
"scientists can do anything they like there",
"the ISS can help us make life in the space better",
"sixteen countries are members of the space program"
] | D. sixteen countries are members of the space program | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_48615 | Though "nanometer" is now a fashionable term all over the world,few people know exactly what it is.It has become a new favorite of manufacturers and sellers in recent years.Many "high-tech" products bearing the name "nano" have entered the market,bringing more mysterious feeling to surprised consumers. Nanometer is a very small length unit of measure,and is very small.One millimeter is 1000 micrometers,and one micrometer is 1000 nanometers.That is,one nanometer is one billionth of a meter.Nano materials are solid materials composed of particles or crystallites of less than 100 nanometer in size.Then,is a cup made of nano material really any different from an ordinary cup in function as far as how it works? Are nano cups really so wonderful?A reporter went to the Institute of Nanomedicine,which is the first such institute of such a sort in the world and the only one in China,specializing in researching the investigation of the application of nano technology into medicine. Ji(director Institute of Nanomedicine): A water molecule is composed of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.It can be alterchanged only by special manipulation of the atoms.The material constituting the cup can have a nanometer particles size of the nano level.But it cannot change the chemical and physical properties of the water contained in it.The water in the cup is still water.When people drink it,it will produce no special effect on human body. Prof.Ji told the reporter,so far,the investigation of nano materials is still confined in the laboratory.No commercial micro products can be produced yet.With the present level of science and technology,the time of everyday goods age of daily use articles made of nanometer materials is still years away. The commodities labeled with nano marks in the market now are only traditional products coated with a thin layer of nanometer material,which makes them _ . Prof.Ji explained that nano cup is a real cup.It can also be included in the list of nano products in a certain sense.But the nano cup has not changed its property and function as a cup.It is not a magical medicine for curing and health care. Which of the following shows the right relationship? | [
"nanometer<millimeter<micrometer<meter",
"nanometer<micrometer<millimeter<meter",
"micrometer<millimeter<nanometer<meter",
"millimeter<micrometer<nanometer<meter"
] | B. nanometer<micrometer<millimeter<meter | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_61155 | It is often assumed that people with parents who lived to be very old are more likely to live to a grand old age themselves. "But that's just not true - our study shows that hereditary factors don't play a major role and that lifestyle has the biggest impact." says professor Lars Wilhelmsen, referring to the 1913 Men Study that formed the basis of the current research. Those who did not smoke, consumed mild amounts of coffee and had a good socio-economic status at the age of 50 (measured in terms of housing costs), as well as good physical working ability at the age of 54 and low cholesterol at 50 had the greatest chance of celebrating their 90th birthday. "We're breaking new ground here." says Wilhelmsen. "Many of these factors have previously been identified as playing a role in cardiovascular( )disease, but here we are showing for the first time that they are important for survival in general," He believes that it is significant that the research illustrates so clearly that it is the sum of our own habits that has the biggest impact. "The study clearly shows that we can influence several of the factors that decide how old we get," says Wilhelmsen. "This is positive not only for the individual, but also for society as it doesn't need any major drug costs," The study has been published in the Journal of Internal Medicine. The 1913 Men study started up in 1963. A third of all male 50-year-olds in Gothenburg were called for a check-up that focused on cardiovascular health. Every ten years since, a new group of 50-year-olds has been called in and those who were already taking part in the study have been given another check-up. This has enabled researchers to follow the development of illnesses in a specific age group, and to compare the health of 50-year-olds in 2003 with that of 50-year-olds in 1963, for example. Women have also been included in the study since 2003. Data have been studied over the years. including BMI , smoking habits, cholesterol, exercise habits and blood pressure, The men born in l913 were examined when they were 50, 54,60, 67, 75 and 80. Of the 855 men who took part in the study from the start, lll (13%) were still alive at the age of 90. Over the years the material has brought out many research articles. An interesting result came in 2008 when researchers were able to show that the drop in the number of smokers, combined with lower cholesterol levels and lower blood pressure, between 1963 and 2003 could offer an explanation for the marked downturn in the number of heart attacks during this 40-year period. From the article we can infer that _ . | [
"more men than women are in the habit of smoking",
"scientists began to study men's habits in the year 1913",
"women tend to Live a longer life than man because of their good lifestyle",
"heart attack is related to smoking, cholesterol take-in and blood pressure"
] | D. heart attack is related to smoking, cholesterol take-in and blood pressure | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1704 | Scientists found fish fossils in the desert. What do the fossils tell about this environment when the fish were alive? | [
"There was a forest with large trees.",
"There were lakes with water plants.",
"There were mountains with glaciers.",
"There was a desert with large rocks."
] | B. There were lakes with water plants. | arc_easy |
arc_challenge_129 | Which question can most likely be determined through a scientific investigation? | [
"Who will be the winner of the next lottery?",
"What football team will win the next game?",
"What is the amount of light needed to grow tomatoes?",
"Which four types of bird feathers have the prettiest colors?"
] | C. What is the amount of light needed to grow tomatoes? | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_96445 | a windmill converts wind energy into | [
"food",
"music",
"architecture",
"charged electrons"
] | D. charged electrons | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_20 | A signal from the brain to a muscle in the arm is transmitted by which structures? | [
"sensory neurons",
"interneurons",
"motor neurons",
"mechanoreceptor neurons"
] | C. motor neurons | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_33902 | Here in Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However, laws were passed to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply. A wolf naturally lives on animals in the deer family. People there also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the plant life there. When the deer can't find enough food, they die. If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, the deer will disappear some day. And the wolves will, too. So we must change the life cycles there. If we killed more wolves, we would save them from starving. We also save deer and some farm animals. In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the United States government to send a team of scientists to study the problem. They believe it is necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small population. In Alaska, laws have been passed to _ . | [
"protect people from wolves and deer",
"protect wolves from becoming dangerous",
"protect wolves from dying out",
"keep wolves from killing large numbers of deer"
] | C. protect wolves from dying out | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_13636 | Fat on human body is distributed in two different ways. Some fat people have a large chest and no waistline , looking rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, looking more like pears. Doctors in Cambridge, England have been examining the relationship between health and fat distribution. They find that the pear-shaped fat people have fewer problems than the apple-shaped people. What seems to be most important is not just how much fat you have but where you have it. The doctors measured the apple-shaped women and pear-shaped women and examined them with X-ray scanners (X). Human beings have two types of fat, one is outside fat that is the fat below the skin and the other is inside fat that lies inside the body. Using the X-ray scanners, the doctors found that the "apples" have a large amount of inside fat. If this inside fat is much more than outside fat, it will probably cause health problems such as obesity . The best treatment for obesity is to reduce the inside fat. But unfortunately diet treatment simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no effective way of reducing the inside fat. If you are fatter below your hip you are | [
"either an apple-shaped person or a pear-shaped person",
"neither a pear-shaped person nor an apple-shaped person",
"a pear-shaped person",
"an apple-shaped person"
] | C. a pear-shaped person | mmlu_train |
aquarat_46656 | The ratio between the present ages of A and B is 5:3 respectively. The ratio between A's age 4 years ago and B's age 4 years hence is 1:1. What is the ratio between A's age 4 years hence and B's age 4 years ago? | [
"3:4",
"3:0",
"3:1",
"3:2",
"3:7"
] | C. 3:1 | aquarat |
aquarat_34044 | Find the value of (√1.21)/(√0.81) + (√1.00)/(√0.49) is | [
"2.65",
"145/63",
"155/63",
"125/63",
"185/63"
] | A. 2.65 | aquarat |
aquarat_22253 | At what rate percent per annum will the simple interest on a sum of money be 1/5 of the amount in 10 years? | [
"2%",
"7%",
"9%",
"3%",
"1%"
] | A. 2% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_97160 | Which would likely result in a chemical change? | [
"a piece of paper in marbles",
"a piece of meat submerged in lemon juice",
"a blade of grass in sand",
"a piece of cotton in water"
] | B. a piece of meat submerged in lemon juice | mmlu_train |
aquarat_41759 | A contractor undertook to do a piece of work in 10 days. He employed certain number of laboures but 5 of them were absent from the very first day and the rest could finish the work in only 13 days. Find the number of men originally employed ? | [
"21.6",
"23.6",
"22.6",
"21.8",
"21.3"
] | A. 21.6 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_51827 | Another common type of reasoning is the search for causes and results.We want to know whether cigarettes really do cause lung cancer, what causes malnutrition, the decay of cities, or the decay of teeth.We are equally interested in effects: what is the effect of sulphur or lead in the atmosphere, of oil spills and raw sewage in rivers and the sea, of staying up late on the night before an examination? Causal reasoning may go from cause to effect or from effect to cause.Either way, we reason from what we know to what we want to find out.Sometimes we reason from an effect to a cause and then on to another effect.Thus, if we reason that because the lights have gone out, the refrigerator won't work, we first relate the effect (lights out) to the cause (power off) and then relate that cause to another effect (refrigerator not working).This kind of reasoning is called, for short, effect to effect.It is quite common to reason through an extensive chain of causal relations.When the lights go out we might reason in the following causal chain: lights out--power off--refrigerator not working--temperature will rise--milk will sour.In other words, we diagnose a succession of effects from the power failure, each becoming the cause of the next. Causes are classified as necessary, sufficient, or contributory.A necessary cause is one which must be present for the effect to occur, as combustion is necessary to drive a gasoline engine.A sufficient cause is one which can produce an effect unaided, though there may be more than one sufficient cause; a dead battery is enough to keep a car from starting, but faulty spark plugs or an empty gas tank will have the same effect.A contributory cause is one which helps to produce an effect but cannot do so by itself, as running through a red light may help cause an accident, though other factors -- pedestrians or other cars at the crossroads -- must also be present. In establishing or refuting a causal relation it is usually necessary to show the process by which the alleged cause produces the effect.Such an explanation is called a causal process. What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about _ . | [
"relationships between causes and results",
"classification of reasoning",
"some other common types of reasoning",
"some special type of reasoning"
] | C. some other common types of reasoning | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_4120 | John was an old man who lived in New York City. John used to work at the Post Office before he quit. John has a grandson named Timmy. Timmy came to visit John and brought his friends David, Roger, and Bill. John gave them each a glass of lemonade to drink. Timmy wanted his friends to try his grandfather's meat soup. John was known to be a good cook. He enjoyed cooking burgers, fish, pizza, and soup. John's meat soup was his favorite recipe. John asked his grandson to go to the store to buy the food. He wanted Timmy to buy some meat. Timmy took some money from John and went to Kroger. Timmy thought of buying ground beef, chicken, turkey, and sausage. He bought three pounds of ground beef. He took it back to John, who had started making the soup in his kitchen. John cooked the ground beef and added it to the soup. They let the soup cook for two hours and then John tested it to see if it was ready to eat. The soup tasted delicious. Timmy and his friends loved it and told John they would be back for more. What did Timmy and his friends love? | [
"soup",
"turkey",
"pizza",
"fish"
] | A. soup | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_83488 | There is not enough oil in the world now. As time goes by, it becomes less and less, so what are we going to do when it runs out? Perhaps we will go back to using horses, carriages and bicycles. In the Second World War, some people didn't use gas made from petroleum in their cars. They made gas from wood and plants instead. The car didn't go fast, but they ran, so this was better than nothing. However, in the future, we can't cut down all our trees to make gas; we need our trees for other things, too. Besides different types of gas, we can also use electricity to run our cars, but first we must make the electricity! Some countries have coal and they make electricity with that, but we might not always have coal, either. Other countries have big, strong rivers, and they can use the power of water to turn turbines and make electricity more easily and cheaply. We are also able to get power from the ocean tides. We put turbines into the mouth of the river. Then the tide comes in, the water turns the turbines and then it goes out, it turns them again. Which of these ways will be used to run our cars in the future? What did some people use to make gas in the Second World War? | [
"Water.",
"Coal.",
"Wood and plants.",
"Tides."
] | C. Wood and plants. | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_715 | During which activity will light most likely be refracted? | [
"placing a scarf over the shade of a lamp",
"viewing objects using the side mirror of a car",
"looking at pebbles through the water in a stream",
"using a flashlight to light up a forest path at night"
] | C. looking at pebbles through the water in a stream | arc_challenge |
aquarat_34833 | A certain sum of money is divided among A, B and C such that A gets one-third of what B and C together get and B gets two-seventh of what A and C together get. If the amount received by A is $20 more than that received by B, find the total amount shared by A, B and C. | [
"$320",
"$420",
"$720",
"$220",
"$200"
] | C. $720 | aquarat |
arc_easy_1033 | Which of the following elements is best able to combine with itself and hydrogen [H] to form large molecules? | [
"sodium [Na]",
"lithium [Li]",
"sulfur [S]",
"carbon [C]"
] | D. carbon [C] | arc_easy |
aquarat_27701 | If the product of all the factors of a positive integer, N, is 2 ^ 18 * 3 ^ 12, how many values can N take? | [
"None",
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
] | B. 1 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_58200 | Many Americans spend more time in cars these days than in the kitchen. But as lives grow busier--and waistlines grow larger--a number of health experts are calling for Americans to reduce their risk of cancer and other diseases by cooking at home more and eating out less. "When dining out, people are likely to _ all the wrong thing," says Rachel Brandeis of the American Dietetic Association. "People take in 50% more fat and sodium when they eat out than when they cook at home. And they often miss out on fruits, vegetables and other vitamin-rich 'powerhouse foods' that may reduce the risk of cancer." Nutritionists know it's not easy to break old habits. Many people say they hardly have time to exercise, let alone fix dinner. Brandeis says her secret is organization. She cooks six nights a week, even though she and her husband both work. She spends 20 minutes thinking about a week's worth of menus and writing a list. She shops just once a week. Brandeis says she chooses easy cooking methods, too. Since she is not quite good at cooking. The American Institute for Cancer Research has produced a guide filled with tips like "Homemade for Health". Melanie Polk, the institute's director of nutrition education, says cooking at home has many advantages. It teaches children about nutrition as well as the importance of sharing housework. The 39-year-old homemaker Kirstin Kristinus of Washington, D.C. says cooking at home brings her family together. She also tries to reduce her family's cancer risk by preparing every meal with many different kinds of food. "The only way to know that you are getting all the good things is to expose yourself to a wide variety of food," says Steven Shiff, a doctor in New Jersey. "If you eat out at a restaurant, it's a lot easier to choose unhealthful things." However, "families don't have to give up restaurants," Shiff says. "It is possible to eat healthfully if you eat outside the home. But it takes probably the same sort of planning that you would have to do to prepare meals at home." What can infer from Shiff that _ . | [
"eating out can be as healthy as at home",
"People should stop going to restaurants",
"Restaurants usually serve unhealthy food",
"Preparing meals at home is more meaningful"
] | A. eating out can be as healthy as at home | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_99644 | What is a vehicle for the flow of electricity? | [
"a metal sword",
"a wooden chair",
"a plastic ring",
"a dry towel"
] | A. a metal sword | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1930 | When nitrogen-rich runoff from farms enters a nearby farm, it causes abundant growth of algal mat on the pond surface. As a result, underwater plants in the pond begin to die. Identify the limiting factor that is most responsible for causing the underwater plants to die. | [
"oxygen",
"sunlight",
"nitrogen",
"carbon dioxide"
] | B. sunlight | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_71943 | You are what you eat Keeping better eating habits can help you have less illness. A healthy eating plan means choosing the right food to eat and cooking food in a healthy way. _ Do you often change your toothbrush? Maybe you think it is unnecessary. A study shows old toothbrushes bring disease . You should often change your toothbrush. Exercise Swimming, cycling, jogging, skating, dancing, walking and some other activities can help you stay healthy. You should exercise at least three times a week and for twenty minutes or more each time. Do it! Plan out your life You should have breakfast before you go to school. Have a right meal for lunch. Follow a healthy diet. How long should you exercise each time? | [
"Twenty-five minutes.",
"Fifteen minutes.",
"Five minutes.",
"Ten minutes."
] | A. Twenty-five minutes. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_8091 | The sector of a circle has radius of 21 cm and central angle 135o. Find its perimeter? | [
"91.5 cm",
"91.6 cm",
"91.2 cm",
"91.3 cm",
"91.9 cm"
] | A. 91.5 cm | aquarat |
arc_easy_1717 | When the cells in an organism divide and reproduce, the organism can grow. Which cell organelle contains the genetic material for reproduction? | [
"the nucleus",
"the ribosome",
"the mitochondrion",
"the endoplasmic reticulum"
] | A. the nucleus | arc_easy |
aquarat_17352 | Instead of multiplying a number by 3, the number is divided by 5. What is the percentage of error obtained ? | [
"92.33%",
"91.33%",
"95.33%",
"93.33%",
"94.33%"
] | D. 93.33% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_7747 | A 1. 6-meter tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people,as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint toward its market launch ,said a senior researcher on the robot project on Saturday. "We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years,"said Li Ruifeng,a member of the project. He said the team hoped to reduce the cost so that the robot can be priced at 30,000 to 50,000 yuan,which is expected to be an affordable price for most of China's better-off families. The robot has been developed with the functions of fetching food,medicine,sounding alarms in case of water or gas leakage,sending texts or video images via wireless communications,and even singing a song or playing chess to entertain its masters. Li said that the robot,developed independently in China, has technology at the same level as those in western labs. China set about the research of the robot in 2007,when it was listed as a national key project. It is _ by government funding . China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60,accounting for 12 percent of its total population. According to a survey by the Ministry of Civil Affairs,more than 10 million caregivers and nurses are needed to attend the elderly population,as most of Chinese elderly prefer to live their retired lives at home. The author wrote the passage to_. | [
"advertise a robot caregiver to the elderly",
"tellprefix = st1 /Chinaelderly not to worry about their life",
"explain how robot caregivers work in the future",
"introduce a newly-developed robot caregiver"
] | D. introduce a newly-developed robot caregiver | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_30362 | Does solving a math problem give you a headache? Doyou feel nervous when you sit a math exam? For most students, math can be tough but scientists have proved that math problems can actually trigger physical pain. Scientists came to his conclusion with an in-depth experiment, which was published in the Public Library of Science One journal. They began by finding out how much participants fearmath. Those involved were asked a series of questions such as how they feel when they receive amathtextbook orwhenthey walkinto amathlesson. Based on their answers, participants were divided into groups. One group was made up of peoplewhowere particularly afraid ofmath and participantsinthe other group weremore comfortablewiththesubject. Both groups were then given either math tasks or word tasks. When a math task was going to come next, a yellow circle would appear but when a word task was soon to come, a blue squarewould beshown. Using a brain-scan machine, scientists noticed that whenever people from Group One saw ayellow circle, their brain would respond in a way similar to when their bodyis feeling pain. It waslike the pain they would fee, for example, if they burnt their hand on a hot stove. But theyreactedlessstrongly whenthey knew that they would befaced with awordtask. However, scientistssaw no strong brainresponsefrom peopleinthesecond group. Math can be difficult, and for those with high levels of mathematics-anxiety (HMA), math is associated with tension, apprehension and fear. "When you are really thinking about the math problems, your mind is racing and you are worrying about all the things that could go wrong," explained Ian Lyons from University of Chicago, US, leader of the study. "The higher a person's anxiety of a maths task, the more he activated brain regions associated with threat detection, andthe experience of pain." More interestingly, the brain activity disappeared when participants actually started dealingwiththemathtasks. "This means that it'snot that mathitself hurts; rather, the anticipation ofmathis painful,"Lyonssaid. Based on the study, scientists suggested that things could be done to help students worry less andmove past theirfear ofmath,which might meanthey perform betterintests. Whichisthe best titleforthe passage? | [
"How to overcomemathfear.",
"Physical pain affectsmath performance.",
"Math paininyour brain.",
"Unknowntruth about pain."
] | C. Math paininyour brain. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_97853 | Lucy came in from the cold and can's stop shivering. It might help her to sit near | [
"a running boiler",
"an iceberg",
"a wet towel",
"a sofa"
] | A. a running boiler | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_4894 | Earthworms live underground in the soil. As they move through the soil, they create tunnels. The tunnels help improve the soil. Plants grow better in soil that has earthworms. Which statement explains how earthworm tunnels help plants? | [
"Earthworm tunnels bring heat into the soil that warms plant roots.",
"Earthworm tunnels loosen the soil so plant roots can easily grow",
"Earthworm tunnels allow sunlight to reach the plant roots in the soil.",
"Earthworm tunnels create places where insects can hide and protect plant roots."
] | B. Earthworm tunnels loosen the soil so plant roots can easily grow | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_84428 | Alfred Nobel, a Swedish - born chemist, who died in 1896, at one time believed that his invention of explosives could bring wars to an end, But later he found he was wrong. Nobel was born in Sweden in 1833. With only one year of formal schooling, he became a chemist and inventor by age of 16. He was also a _ , speaking English, Russian, German and French besides Swedish. He wrote poetry . He began his work with producing liquid nitroglycerin for use in mining and construction. He then discovered that liquid nitroglycerin could be dried. He called it dynamite, after the Greek word dynamis, meaning "power". Then he became rich. When he died, his estate was worth about 89 million. Nobel never married, and he left most of his estate to those who have been known as Nobel Prizes. The money is invested and the interest is given out as yearly prizes for persons who have done something special for mankind in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature, and peace. Prizes were first awarded in 1901. Over the years, many great people such as Albert Einstein in physics, Marie Curie in chemistry, Martin Luther King, Jr. for peace and Mo yan for literature got the awards. Alfred Nobel believed _ . | [
"he would become the richest person of the world",
"his invention could stop wars in the world",
"the Nobel Prizes could be world - famous",
"no one could use his invention to start wars"
] | B. his invention could stop wars in the world | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_4 | A boat is acted on by a river current flowing north and by wind blowing on its sails. The boat travels northeast. In which direction is the wind most likely applying force to the sails of the boat? | [
"west",
"east",
"north",
"south"
] | B. east | arc_challenge |
aquarat_7423 | How many four digit numbers can be formed using the digits {1, 3, 4, 5, 7,9}(repetition of digits is not allowed)? | [
"360",
"817",
"145",
"346",
"342"
] | A. 360 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_86365 | The street food stands are very popular in Korea . They take their name from the two kinds of hot foods they sell : Dukbokgi and Odeng . Dukbokgi is a spicy hot food made of rice cakes and some vegetables . These rice cakes are finger-shaped . They are white , and they are about ten centimeters in length . They are mixed with sliced vegetables in a pan with a spicy red dressing . Fifteen minutes later , they are ready to eat . Odeng is made of ground fish . It comes in many shapes : some are square , others are round , and still others are stick style . You can buy big or small ones . At these food stands , you can also eat Odeng , which has been boiled in a pot . It is served on a long stick so can eat it easily . The food sold at these stands is not expensive , compared to what other foods in Korea cost . Each Dukbokgi and Odeng costs about twenty to fifty cents , depending on the owner . Each food stand has its own recipes for its food ; for example , some like to add sugar or other special ingredients in the food . Usually , there is just one owner , but if the food stand is big , there may be two or three owners . When I was an elementary school student , I used to stop at street food stands every day after school to eat street food because I like it so much . What are the ingredients of the Dukbokgi ? | [
"Rice , fish and some vegetables",
"Chicken and sugar",
"Hamburgers and carrots",
"Rice cakes and some vegetables"
] | D. Rice cakes and some vegetables | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_64012 | China's second manned space flight will be done by two astronauts over five days in 2005. "Shenzhou-VI will be sent into space sometime in 2005," said Zuo Saichun, a spokesperson of the China Aerospace Science and Technology (CAST). "The spacecraft will make new breakthroughs in China's manned space technology." Unlike Shenzhou-V, a little more than a year ago (in October, 2003), the next flight will see two astronauts fly in space for five days. Their capsule is designed to be capable of orbiting for a whole week, the spokesperson said. "For the first time, astronauts will enter and live in the orbital module of the spacecraft to do scientific experiments," said a statement from CAST. CAST did not say what those experiments will be. In Shenzhou-VI, scientists have changed the spacecraft's configuration to reduce its weight, and tried to improve the performance of on-board equipment. They have also worked to make sure of the energy supply of the spacecraft and further improve its safety. So far, scientists have worked out ways to solve problems on environmental control and life support. Shenzhou-VI will be sent into orbit atop a Long March 2F rocket. Meanwhile, a model of the Chang'e-1 satellite is expected to be sent to orbit the moon in two years. The satellite, part of the three-stage programme, would be followed by the landing of an unmanned vehicle on the moon in the second stage by 2010 and collecting samples of lunar soil by 2020 in the final stage, according to Sun Laiyan, director of the China National Space Administration. The passage mainly tells us _ . | [
"some problems need solving before Shenzhou-VI is sent into space",
"Shenzhou-VI will be sent into space in 2005",
"what China's space programme is",
"how China's three-stage programme is carried out"
] | B. Shenzhou-VI will be sent into space in 2005 | mmlu_train |
aquarat_25587 | A began business with 12500 and is joined afterwards by B with 50000. When did B join, if the profits at the end of the year are divided equally? | [
"8 months",
"9 months",
"10 months",
"7 months",
"None of these"
] | B. 9 months | aquarat |
aquarat_40454 | 144 choclates are distributed to children with the same number. What can’t be the range including the number of children? | [
"1~10",
"50~60",
"20~30",
"10~20",
"70~80"
] | B. 50~60 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_94419 | When you are riding a bicycle at night, your bicycle's reflectors help people in cars see your bicycle. How do bicycle reflectors work? | [
"They are made of a special material that gives off its own light.",
"They are hooked up to batteries that allow them to produce light.",
"They bounce light back from other sources.",
"They are covered with paint that glows in the dark."
] | C. They bounce light back from other sources. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_34479 | A box contains 3 blue marbles, 4 red, 6 green marbles and 2 yellow marbles. If three marbles are picked at random, what is the probability that they are all blue? | [
"1/455",
"2/455",
"1/91",
"4/455",
"None of these"
] | A. 1/455 | aquarat |
aquarat_6037 | In a certain archery competition, points were awarded as follows: the first place winner receives 11 points, the second place winner receives 7 points, the third place winner receives 5 points and the fourth place winner receives 2 points. No other points are awarded. John participated several times in the competition and finished first, second, third, or fourth each time. The product of all the points he received was 38500. How many times did he participate in the competition? | [
"6",
"7",
"8",
"9",
"10"
] | B. 7 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_7277 | How did the ancient Chinese keep food warm in winter? Facilities like electric rice cookers, microwaves, and electric kettles, make it easy for people to keep food warm and enjoy a comfortable winter. So how did Chinese people in ancient times keep food warm in winter without these? In fact, ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation as early as the Shang and Zhou dynasties. * "Wen Ding", ancient rice cooker One of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm. The "Wen Ding", an ancient cooking container, served the same purpose, but instead of using electric energy, the ancient cooking container, served the same purpose, but instead of using electric energy, the ancient cooking container preserved heart by burning fuels like charcoal. The "Wen Ding" unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Stone Age, The craftsmanship of making the "Wen Ding" was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from Shang and Zhou dynasties took on different shapes and structures. * "Ran LU", ancient small hot pot The "Ran LU" is a small size cooking vessel made of bronze, which can be divided into three parts. A charcoal stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessel's structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period(475--221 BC) *Bronze You, ancient kettle The Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi province, has an opening where charcoals could be placed. Just as people today can't do without an electric kettle, the Bronze You allowed people to enjoy a hot drink. *Bronze Yan, ancient steamer Although the "Wen Ding" was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a two-tier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-AD 220), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modern-day steamer. What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan? | [
"It is warm.",
"It is convenient.",
"It is environment-friendly.",
"It is useful."
] | C. It is environment-friendly. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_21642 | The present ages of three persons are in the proportion of 4 : 7 : 9. Eight years ago, the sum of their ages was 116. Find their present ages. | [
"20,35,45",
"28,49,63",
"16,28,36",
"16,28,46",
"None of these"
] | B. 28,49,63 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_34908 | The smartphone has become the centerpiece of many students' digital lives. Yes, it can be a distraction(,), but it is also an incredible tool that can transform classroom learning and late-night studying. Professors and students are starting to explore what the smartphone can contribute to learning-and there is a whole host of apps to help that process along. There are also plenty of apps to help students with the less academic parts of college life. To download any of these apps, search the iTunes App Store or Android Market. iOS apps are built for Apple's mobile platform and can run on the iPhone, iPod Touch or iPad. Skype Cost: Free Platform: Android, BlackBerry, iOS More and more smartphones now ship with front-facing cameras that make them great video chat tools. There are several competitors here ---- including Apple's FaceTime ----but Skype is still the best cross-platform tool for keeping in touch with faraway friends and family. Users on either end can be on a computer, smartphone. Grades 2 Cost: Free Platform: iOS This app is a sophisticated tool for calculating grades. Students can use it to figure out what grade they'll need on a test to achieve their target grade and also keeps track of overall GPA, weighted by each class's credit count. Students can also enter due dates for assignments as reminders. The app is free and supported by ads, but users can pay $1 inside the app to turn them off. Snoozerr Recordings Cost: 99 cents Platform: iOS This is a great tool for logging long lecture classes or smaller study sessions . It records audio and pairs that with time-stamped pictures that the student takes of presentations--- say, equations on a blackboard----or of his or her own notes. When the student wants to review, he or she can use the pictures as a visual guide to what the instructor was saying and replay that section. TED Cost: Free Platform: iOS This app is great for the student in everyone. It compiles video from hundreds of presentations at technology, entertainment and design----a conference that features short speeches focused on new ways of thinking. Presenters often speak about technology, social good or education and challenge societal norms. It's a great way to spend an hour or so hearing from some of the world's leading minds for free. All of the videos are also available at www.ted.com. AroundMe Cost: Free Platform: Android and iOS This app uses a smartphone's GPS to find nearby locations by category such as banks, gas stations, bars, coffee shops, restaurants and supermarkets---- all the college staples . ios means _ . | [
"TED",
"VCS",
"OS",
"ECX"
] | A. TED | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_65331 | Increasingly, Americans are becoming their own doctors, by going online to diagnose their symptoms, order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from Internet pharmacies . Some avoid doctors because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they lack health insurance. Or they may stay because they find it embarrassing to discuss their weight, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits. Patients may a1so fear what they might learn about their health, or they distrust physicians because of negative experiences in the past. But p1aying doctor can also be a deadly game. Every day, more than six million Americans turn to the Internet for medical answers ---most of them aren't nearly skeptical enough of what they find. A 2002 survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 72 percent of those surveyed believe all or most of what they read on health websites. They shouldn't. Look up "headache", and the chances of finding reliable and complete information, free from a motivation for commercial gain, are only one in ten, reports an April 2005 Brown Medical School study. Of the l69 websites the researchers rated, only l6 scored as "high quality". Recent studies found faulty facts about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to warn that a large amount of incomplete, inaccurate and even dangerous information exists on the Internet. The problem is that most people don't know the safe way to surf the Web. "They use a search engine 1ike Google, get l8 trillion choices and start clicking. But that's risky, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative , so it's hard to know Whether What you're reading is reasonable or not," says Dr.Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute. Which of the following is the author's main argument? | [
"It's cheap to se1f-treat your own illness.",
"It's embarrassing to discuss your bad habits.",
"It's reasonable to put up a medical website.",
"It's dangerous to be your own doctor."
] | D. It's dangerous to be your own doctor. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_13597 | The average of first five multiples of 2 is? | [
"6",
"8",
"9",
"5",
"7"
] | A. 6 | aquarat |
arc_challenge_122 | What is the frequency of ocean waves that have a speed of 18 m/s and a wavelength of 50 m? | [
"0.18 Hz",
"0.36 Hz",
"2.8 Hz",
"9.0 Hz"
] | B. 0.36 Hz | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_19025 | Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest research indicates that men's hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause. The research of ageing on the heart has shown that women's _ may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age. "We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age," said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK. "Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it beat.Between the ages of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men ," said Samantha."This is part of the ageing process." What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells.A healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old one's. "This gender difference might give the reason why men live shorter than women,"said Samantha.They studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80, who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease."The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart," said Samantha. But there is also good news -- men can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise.Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age. According to the text, the UK scientists have known that _ . | [
"men have fewer cells than women when they are born",
"women can produce the cells that make the heart beat",
"the female heart suffers less loss of the cells with age",
"women will never suffer the loss of pumping power with age"
] | C. the female heart suffers less loss of the cells with age | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1775 | A child walks across a carpet and generates an electrical charge. The child will get a slight shock by touching a | [
"metal doorknob.",
"plastic toy.",
"rubber ball.",
"wooden block."
] | A. metal doorknob. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_94283 | A hurricane is a heat engine which converts one kind of energy into another. Hurricanes convert most of the heat energy into | [
"chemical energy.",
"electrical energy.",
"mechanical energy.",
"potential energy."
] | C. mechanical energy. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_14163 | Carol and Jordan draw rectangles of equal area. If Carol's rectangle measures 12 inches by 15 inches and Jordan's rectangle is 9 inches long, how wide is Jordan's rectangle, in inches? | [
"17",
"18",
"19",
"20",
"21"
] | D. 20 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_88468 | The world has many beautiful sounds. We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And it's all because of our ears! They bring us a world of sounds. But some people can't hear any sound at all. Some are born deaf. Others can hear well in their childhood, nut too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on. Many people in China can't hear ordinary sounds clearly. Lots of them are children. Most of them are born with good hearing. But six children of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And if a children has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have some learning problems at school. A lot of things can cause fearing problems, like, too much _ is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels can hurt our ears and make us lose our hearing for a short time or even for ever. Hearing is important for all of us. So we should do our best to give our ears special care. Don't forget to do the following: * Try to stay away from places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs. * When swimming, remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in. * Never put anything sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your parents to help you clean it out. Keep these things in mind. _ Which of the following is NOT talked by the writer? | [
"Illness and hearing problems.",
"people with hearing problems.",
"Ways to protect our ears.",
"Danger of loud noise."
] | A. Illness and hearing problems. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_777 | In which process is nitrogen from the air put into a form that plants can use? | [
"nitrification",
"denitrification",
"nitrogen saturation",
"nitrogen fixation"
] | D. nitrogen fixation | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1611 | Which most accurately describes a circle (pie) graph? | [
"used to demonstrate change in temperature only",
"used to demonstrate change that is continuous",
"used to demonstrate change that is not continuous",
"used to describe how part of the data relates to all of the data"
] | D. used to describe how part of the data relates to all of the data | arc_easy |
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