id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5 values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_train_10085 | Birds that are half-asleep -- with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping -- control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks. Earlier studies have recorded half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere's eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once. Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction. Also, birds napping at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in inner spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time. "We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain," the researchers say. The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep developed over time as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He's seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open. Useful as half-sleeping might be, it's only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning. Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds' half-brain sleep "is just the tip of the iceberg." He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species. By saying "just the tip of the iceberg", Siegel suggests that _ . | [
"half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather",
"the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved",
"most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers",
"half-brain sleep may exist among other species"
] | D. half-brain sleep may exist among other species | mmlu_train |
aquarat_2955 | Three students appear at an examination of Mathematics. The probability of their success are 2/3, 1/4, 1/5 respectively. Find the probability of success of at least two. | [
"17/60",
"2/50",
"3/40",
"13/50",
"14/60"
] | A. 17/60 | aquarat |
arc_challenge_414 | In whitetail deer, females seldom grow antlers. Which best explains why male whitetail deer grow antlers but females seldom grow antlers? | [
"Female deer have no need for antlers.",
"Male deer are older than female deer.",
"Antler growth is controlled by genes.",
"Antler growth depends on behavior."
] | C. Antler growth is controlled by genes. | arc_challenge |
arc_challenge_639 | In plants, the xylem and phloem move water and nutrients through the plant for use and storage. In humans, an organ system with a similar function is the | [
"nervous system.",
"respiratory system.",
"cardiovascular system.",
"integumentary system."
] | C. cardiovascular system. | arc_challenge |
aquarat_45544 | Three dwarves and three elves sit down in in the row of six chairs. If no dwarf will sit next to another dwarf and no elf will sit next to another elf, in how many different ways can the elves and dwarves sit. | [
"72",
"74",
"76",
"78",
"80"
] | A. 72 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_37775 | Humans may not have landed on Mars just yet, but that isn't stopping a European company from devising a plan to send four people to the Red Planet within the next few years. This project, called Mars One, aims to send a small group of people to Mars in 2022 and eventually establish a permanent colony on the planet. "Everything we need to go to Mars exists," said Mars One co-founder Bas Lansdorp in March 2014. "We have the rockets to send people to Mars, the equipment to land on Mars, the robots to prepare the settlement for humans. For a one-way mission, all the technology exists." Yet the four astronauts chosen for the trip will be stuck on Mars--forever. And despite Mars One's thorough planning, there are a number of challenges that may prevent the mission from ever taking place. The biggest road block could be the mission's huge cost ($6 billion). However, Lansdorp is confident that Mars One will be able to fund the project by selling the broadcast rights for the mission and subsequent experiences living on the planet. Those broadcast rights will also play a part in helping to select the people who will be sent to Mars. Lansdorp said the company will hold a selection process similar to a reality show. Lansdorp is expecting at least 1 million applications from people around the world. In addition to the cost, several other potential problems could inhibit the mission to Mars. "It's even more challenging to send people there with life support, with food, with air, with all the other things like books, entertainment, means of communication and of providing for their own resources for a long stay on Mars," said Adam Baker, senior lecturer in space engineering at Kingston University in London. "The size of the rockets you'd need to do this would be absolutely _ " Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? | [
"Ready for a Round Trip to Mars",
"Ready for a Short Visit to Mars",
"Ready for a One-way Trip to Mars",
"Ready for a Walk on Mars"
] | C. Ready for a One-way Trip to Mars | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_65480 | Parents whose children think the latest Nike or Adidas shoes may be better than buying old-fashioned plimsolls because they encourage a healthier style of running, researchers said. Big companies, like Nike and Adidas, make millions of dollars from selling highly-cushioned shoes both as fashion and sports shoes. The researchers warn that wearing such shoes from an early age can make it difficult to run in a healthy way. Once we have grown used to running in this kind of shoes, it is very difficult to change our technique, even if we remove our shoes, it can raise the risk of injury. Children should be encouraged to wear shoes with thin soles such as plimsolls from a young age to help them develop a natural "barefoot" running style, experts said. Dr Mick Wilknson, who did the research, told the British Science Festival in Newcastle, "If I would advise someone on what to give their child, I would say don't go and buy them expensive Adidas or Nike, just get them a pair of flexible, flat shoes. Give them basic foot-ware, nothing fancy, nothing particularly cushioned." Running in flat shoes, barefoot, encourages the runner to use the front of their foot which is a better technique for running, especially long distances as the human was designed to do. Around the world, and in particular in the US, running barefoot is becoming more and more popular with many long distance runners training without shoes. Dr Mick Wilknson believes that training and running barefoot or in flat running shoes can help reduce injuries to runners, he said: "Injury rates in running have not changed since the 1970s, despite claims of improvements in running shoes. That has led some to conclude that barefoot running is better." Who is the passage written mainly for? | [
"The boss of shoes shop",
"The runner of long distance",
"The boss of producing shoes",
"The parents of young children"
] | D. The parents of young children | mmlu_train |
aquarat_47662 | P and Q started a business with respective investments of Rs. 4 lakhs and Rs. 10 lakhs. As P runs the business, his salary is Rs. 5000 per month. If they earned a profit of Rs. 2 lakhs at the end of the year, then find the ratio of their earnings? | [
"1:9",
"1:8",
"1:4",
"1:1",
"1:2"
] | D. 1:1 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_2034 | What enabled Galileo in the 17th century to see the moons of Jupiter? | [
"Jupiter came close to Earth during his lifetime.",
"He realized that all of the planets go around the Sun.",
"He invented advanced tools for looking at the sky.",
"Earlier scientists failed to take an interest in the sky."
] | C. He invented advanced tools for looking at the sky. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_235 | What type of precipitation occurs when raindrops freeze as they fall? | [
"hail",
"frost",
"sleet",
"snow"
] | C. sleet | arc_easy |
aquarat_9339 | The area of the largest triangle that can be inscribed in a semicircle pf rasius r Cm, is: | [
"r",
"r",
"r",
"r",
"None of them"
] | D. r (power) 2 Cm (power) 2 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_14161 | Our listener question this week comes from Abdullahi Farah, who wants to know about the life and work of Doctor Benjamin Carson. Doctor Carson is an internationally recognized doctor at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. He has been the director of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the hospital for twenty-five years. At the age of thirty-three, he became one of the youngest doctors in the United States to hold that position. And he was the first African-American to have that position at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Ben Carson is known for his work as a brain surgeon for children. For example, in nineteen eighty-seven, he led a team of seventy doctors and nurses in an operation to separate two babies joined at the head. Earlier attempts by other on other babies had failed. Doctor Carson successfully performed the operation. Both babies were able to survive independently. Doctor Carson has written four books. His first book, "Gifted Hands," tells the story of his life. Benjamin Carson was born in nineteen fifty-one in Detroit, Michigan. As a boy, Ben was not a good student. In fact, he was the worst in his class. When his mother learned of his failing grades she asked her sons to read two library books every week. She limited the amount of time they watched television. And she told them to respect every person. Ben Carson soon became the top student in his class. He went on to study at Yale University, one of the best universities in the country, and later to medical school at the University of Michigan. Doctor Carson has received many awards and honors. Last year he received the nation's highest civilian honor. Former President George W. Bush presented Benjamin Carson with the Presidential Medal of Freedom at a ceremony at the White House. Benjamin Carson's change in study was largely because of _ | [
"his hard work",
"his teacher",
"his mother",
"his father"
] | C. his mother | mmlu_train |
aquarat_17951 | If x is to be chosen at random from the set {1,2,3,4} and y is to be chosen at random from the set {7,8,9}, what`s the probability that xy will be even? | [
"2/3",
"1/3",
"1/2",
"1/6",
"5/6"
] | A. 2/3 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_95828 | The hamster was malnourished because | [
"There was a depletion in the corn supply",
"It went on a hunger strike",
"It was paralyzed in the mouth",
"It was waiting for the key to get the food"
] | A. There was a depletion in the corn supply | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_39966 | Children and teenagers who spend lots of time in front of screens-especially TVs-are easier to get more weight as they age .according to a new study. The findings agree with research suggesting all that inactive sitting and always watching advertisements may lead to poor eating habits. Researchers used results from a long-term study of children Who took surveys every other year. Children were between ages 9 and 16 when the study started. Out of 4,300 girls in the Study. 17 percent were overweight or obese .Twenty-four percent of the 3 .500 boys were also above a healthy weight The surveys included questions about their height and weight as well as how much time they spent watching TV and DVDs and playing computer and video games. From one survey to the next, each one-hour increase in children's daily TV watching was in connection with an increase of about 0.1 points on a body mass index(BMI) , which measures weight in connection with height. That's a difference of about half a pound per extra hour of TV. "The weight of the evidence is so strong that television watching is connected with unhealthy changes in weight among youth,"says Jennifer Falbe . Who led the study while at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston. "It's important for parents to know all the obesity-causing screens that really should be limited in their children's lives, Falbe says. " When children watch TV. There are many food advertisements on TV that might lead them to eat a cookie or drink a soft drink. " What's mare .she says . " You can get into a hibernating state on the sofa. Even if children are sitting down while playing a computer game. for example. they might be a bit more active." How many children took part in the study? | [
"4.300.",
"3.500.",
"7.800.",
"9,800."
] | C. 7.800. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_42019 | Ashok secured average of 78 marks in 6 subjects. If the average of marks in 5 subjects is 74, how many marks did he secure in the 6th subject? | [
"66",
"74",
"78",
"98",
"None of these"
] | D. 98 | aquarat |
aquarat_49007 | What is his percentage profit made by Osborn if he purchased 30 dozen watches at Rs. 50 per dozen. He sold 12 dozens at 12% profit and the remaining 18 dozens with 17% profit? | [
"12.6%",
"13.6%",
"16.6%",
"15.6%",
"14.6%"
] | D. 15.6% | aquarat |
aquarat_31917 | A 25 cm wide path is to be made around a circular garden having a diameter of 4 meters. Approximate area of the path is square meters is? | [
"3.34 sq m",
"3.38 sq m",
"3.24 sq m",
"3.36 sq m",
"5.34 sq m"
] | A. 3.34 sq m | aquarat |
mmlu_train_99082 | A creature that is incapable of giving birth to offspring that are living as they exit is the | [
"bear",
"human",
"beaver",
"salamander"
] | D. salamander | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_23692 | People from all over the world visit Disneyland to have fun, not to get sick. But last week, an outbreak of measles spread from the Southern California theme park. As of Monday, January 19, at least 52 people have got the easily spread illness. The majority of the reported cases of measles are from people who visited the park before. According to the California Department of Public Health, these people were exposed to the illness at Disneyland from December 17-20. Officials believe the cause is likely someone who caught measles abroad and visited Disneyland, but this has yet to be proved. However, in 2014, California had its highest measles infection rate in nearly twenty years. There were 66 cases of measles reported in the state--23 of them in Orange County, where Disneyland is located. Measles spreads very easily. It can be caught from coughing and sneezing. Crowded areas like theme parks are especially suitable for its spread. The illness starts with a fever and develops into symptoms including a cough, runny nose, red eyes and so on. About three out of ten people infected with measles will develop another health problem, including an ear infection or pneumonia . The best way to _ measles is to get vaccinated . An unvaccinated person is 35 times more likely to catch measles than someone who received a vaccination. What's the possible reason of this illness's occurring in California? | [
"There were too many people visiting Disneyland.",
"Somebody with measles visited Disneyland.",
"California is a place fit for this illness's spread.",
"Some people ate something that had gone bad."
] | B. Somebody with measles visited Disneyland. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_19641 | 6) A marketing firm determined that , of 240 households surveyed, 80 used neither Brand A nor Brand B soap.60 used only Brand A soap and for every household that used both brands of soap, 3 used only brand B soap.how many of the 200 household surveyed used both brands of soap? | [
"a) 15",
"b) 20",
"c) 25",
"d) 40",
"e) 45"
] | C. c) 25 | aquarat |
arc_easy_1831 | What are petri dishes used for in a lab? | [
"reflecting light to form images",
"measuring the mass of molecules",
"growing bacteria in a controlled setting",
"observing the strength of physical forces"
] | C. growing bacteria in a controlled setting | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_23903 | "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Similarly, if we drink a little more water ever day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fibre, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important? The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive. Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems stars as a result of dehydration--a lack of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated at least some of time, although they probably don't know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stages of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty. These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water contains no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water. There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to seeing the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. We need _ for a healthy diet. | [
"fibre",
"food",
"water",
"Water and different foods"
] | D. Water and different foods | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_2142 | Iron oxides, such as rust, form when iron metal reacts with oxygen in the air. What are the chemical symbols for the two elements found in iron oxide? | [
"I and O",
"Ir and O",
"Fe and O",
"Pb and O"
] | C. Fe and O | arc_easy |
aquarat_39120 | Yearly subscription to professional magazines cost a company $940.00. To Make a 35% cut in the magazine budget, how much less must be spent? | [
"654",
"655",
"611",
"657",
"658"
] | C. 611 | aquarat |
aquarat_51712 | Six years ago, the ratio of the ages of Kunal and Sagar was 6 : 5. Four years hence, the ratio of their ages will be 11 : 10. What is Sagar's age at present? | [
"16 years",
"18 years",
"20 years",
"22 years",
"24 years"
] | A. 16 years | aquarat |
aquarat_42913 | If nn is a positive integer and (n+1)(n+3)(n+1)(n+3) is odd, then (n+2)(n+4)(n+2)(n+4) must be a multiple of which one of the following? | [
"2",
"5",
"6",
"8",
"10"
] | D. 8 | aquarat |
aquarat_33918 | Rs. 9800 are invested partly in 9% stock at 75 and 10% stock at 80 to have equal amount of incomes. The investment in 9% stock is: | [
"Rs. 4800",
"Rs. 5000",
"Rs. 5400",
"Rs. 5600",
"Rs. 6600"
] | B. Rs. 5000 | aquarat |
aquarat_2014 | The Full House Casino is running a new promotion. Each person visiting the casino has the opportunity to play the Trip Aces game. In Trip Aces, a player is randomly dealt three cards, without replacement, from a deck of 8 cards. If a player receives 3 aces, they will receive a free trip to one of 10 vacation destinations. If the deck of 8 cards contains 3 aces, what is the probability that a player will win a trip? | [
"1/336",
"1/120",
"1/56",
"1/720",
"1/1440"
] | C. 1/56 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_93366 | Which is the best way a science student can help to maintain laboratory equipment? | [
"perform investigations using only new materials",
"throw away glass items after investigations are complete",
"clean up all materials and workspaces after investigations",
"eat in the laboratory only after investigations are complete"
] | C. clean up all materials and workspaces after investigations | mmlu_train |
aquarat_40860 | Find the value of 2.5 x [(3.6 x 0.48 x 2.50) / (0.12 x 0.09 x 0.5)] | [
"2000",
"500",
"900",
"1600",
"None"
] | A. 2000 | aquarat |
aquarat_14452 | A man has Rs. 480 in the denominations of one-rupee notes, five-rupee notes and ten-rupee notes. The number of notes of each denomination is equal. What is the total number of notes that he has ? | [
"45",
"60",
"75",
"90",
"None"
] | D. 90 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_62142 | Emergency rooms (ER) are supposed to cure people but Dr. John Stemgold wonders if working in an ER in Willits made him sick. The ER was downwind of the Remco chrome plant. "I used to sit facing that window and kind of daydream out the window, looking at Remco, looking at the fog coming out of there. Then I would cough and cough." Stemgold said. What Dr.Stemgold didn't know was that Remco was flowing out Chromium VI into the air--- a chemical known to cause cancer and breathing problems in humans. A recent state health department study found that people who were in Willits when Remco was in operation from 1964 to 1995 are at higher risk for cancer because of Chromium VI exposure. Today Dr.Stemgold has lots of time to play his guitar. It turns out he has a form of breathing difficulty. Hospital chemicals cause coughing so violently that he's broken bones and it's cost him his career. Others in this town believe the Chromium has made them sick, too, and their families. Actually, Chromium VI was classified as a carcinogen , a cancer-causing substance, thirty years ago, Twenty years ago, a group of state scientific specialists found no exposure level below which carcinogen effects would not have some probability of occurring. Still, Remco was allowed to flow out Chromium VI into the air. In the battle to balance public health and a healthy economy, laws often favor business, Alan Ramo is a professor of law at Golden Gate University. "There is a real drive to make money, to have employment. When there's a real job that's available and a theoretical risk of a chemical, jobs win out, business wins out." And chemicals are allowed to flood the marketplace and the government requires strict testing before any drugs can be sold. But the vast majority of industrial chemicals are put into use little testing of any kind Chemicals that people like us, you and me might be exposed to. Marilyn Underwood is with California state health department. " You need to have the convincing evidence that something is bad to then start regulating it." However, in most cases, chemicals are not tested until someone reports the abnormal, unnatural condition of the environment in general. "I think that if people really knew what really goes on with environmental protection I think they would be shocked and they should be." Says Professor Ramo. "It might be valuable for other people to know what has happened to me, not for me but for them." He said "because they might be in a similar situation because of where they work." One of the important issues in the story is _ . | [
"The dangers of emergency rooms that create health problem downwind.",
"Doctors prescribing too many drugs.",
"The battle to balance public health and a healthy economy",
"Why scientists restricted chemical, like Chromium VI"
] | C. The battle to balance public health and a healthy economy | mmlu_train |
aquarat_43890 | The ratio of three numbers is 1:2:3 and their sum is 60. The second number of the three numbers is? | [
"24",
"26",
"20",
"29",
"30"
] | C. 20 | aquarat |
aquarat_11986 | In the island of Hanoi is trapped a princess. To rescue her, the prince has to transfer a set of rings
numbered 1 to 7 from tower A to tower C. The rings are stacked one over the other in an order, with 1 at the top and 6 at the bottom, and have to be stacked in the same fashion on tower C. The prince can move only one ring at a time, and can store the rings in a stack, temporarily, in another tower B.Minimum how many moves of rings, between the towers, will it take the prince to arrange the rings in tower C ? | [
"13",
"14",
"15",
"16",
"17"
] | A. 13 | aquarat |
aquarat_40131 | Apple, orange, mango. Mango + apple=12. Mango + orange=10.
Mango +Apple + orange=38. Calculate the no of mango? | [
"-8",
"-9",
"-10",
"-12",
"-16"
] | D. -12 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_23687 | Howard Dill is a giant among giant pumpkin growers. He grew world champion pumpkins for four years running,from 1979 to 1982, and missed winning the fifth year by only 5 pounds. Today, his Dill Atlantic Giant seeds are sold worldwide to more than 50 seed companies. The pumpkins grown from his Dill Atlantic Giant seeds commonly weigh in at over 1,000 pounds. "I don't have any training in genetics ; it was all trial and error," Dill says. He got his love of pumpkins from his father and has enjoyed growing them for years. Dill still grows giant pumpkins, but not for competition. In the fall, visitors come to enjoy the pumpkins on his 90-acre farm in Nova Scotia, Canada. He plants ten acres of pumpkins for Halloween and two acres of giant pumpkins. One of giant pumpkins was recently baked into 442 pumpkin pies and sold at $5 each for charity. It you want to try growing a giant pumpkin, Dill recommends starting with a soil test and then adding fertilizer as needed. Plant the giant pumpkin seed. A giant pumpkin can gain 15 to 20 pounds a day, so careful watering--every day or two--is necessary. You should wait about 130 days until the pumpkin matures and then you can harvest it. Dill's favorite pumpkin set the Guinness Book record in 1981. It weighted 493.5 pounds. "I've grown them larger since, but that one meant a lot," he remembers. "I never would have imagined ten years ago that there would be a 1,000-pounder, but there are many of them now," says Dill. The 2006 world record holder is Larry Checkon of Pennsylvania. He grew a 1,469 pounder. Dill says, "These world champions are grown from my seeds, so I feel like a winner right along with them." One of Dill's giant pumpkins earned _ . | [
"$2210",
"$442",
"$1000",
"$1469"
] | A. $2210 | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_43298 | The Crouch quadruplets have always been considered quite special but not so special---all four have been accepted into America's Yale University. Dean at the university, Jeffrey Brenzel, said the admission for Kenny, Martina, Ray and Carol, all 18-year-old students at Danbury High School in Connecticut , was probably the first for the university. "The living memory in the office here shows that we've just had twins, never quadruplets," he told the reporters. "They are all interesting and quite smart in their own way. They are extremely lively kids, very attractive, but clearly four different people. They are all in the top 10 percent of the class." The quadruplets explained to The New York Times how they nervously logged on one by one to the Yale website to discover their fates, First was Ray, who described how the screen suddenly turned Yale blue and displayed the university's bulldog mascot with the message "welcome to the Class of 2014". "We just kept logging on and screaming, logging on and screaming,' Martina, last to find out, said in an interview with the local television station WINH-TV. Until May 1 they have to decide whether to accept Yale's offers and part of the decision will come down to money, they told the Times. Their father Steven works as a case manager with the Connecticut mental health department and their mother, Caroline, who originally came from Nigeria, is studying for her master's degree in social work, according to the Times. Ranked as one of the top three universities in the US after Harvard and Princeton, Yale's school fees each year can be as high as 36,500 dollars, which would land the Crouch family with a very heavy load by the time they graduate in 2014. Why did the quadruplets keep logging on the Yale website? | [
"They liked to see the university's bulldog mascot.",
"They wanted to know whether they would be in the same class.",
"They wanted to get some information about Yale University.",
"They wanted to find out if they were admitted to the university."
] | D. They wanted to find out if they were admitted to the university. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_14750 | Rules for the University Entrance Examination *You must be at the examination center ten minutes before the examination starts. If you are more than ten minutes late, you may not enter the examination center. The examination takes place at the same time in different states. *You must have proof of your name and grade as well as official examination number. Show these when you come to the examination center. *Depending on which examination you are taking, you may bring certain items into the examination center. Mathematics examinations may allow you to use electronic calculators . Other subjects may allow you to use dictionaries and other reference material. Please read the notes sent with your timetable carefully. *You must bring your own pencils. None will be provided for you. The following items are not allowed in the examination center: walkmans and radios, head sets, any food or drink, schoolbags, electronic equipment (unless specifically permitted for various subjects), and mobile phones. *Once in the center, you must sit at the desk with your examination number on it. When you sit down, place your examination number at the top comer of your desk. *You must remain silent during the examination. You must not disturb other people who are taking the test. *If you need a drink or toilet break, you should raise your hand and wait for the supervisor to speak to you. You will be given water or the supervisor will take you to the bathroom. You are not allowed to talk with anyone during the break. *You must write your answers in the official answer sheet. Your supervisor will provide extra paper if you wish to make notes. *You may leave the examination room at any time if you do not plan to return. If you finish early and want to leave, please move well away from the examination center. *The supervisor will warn you fifteen minutes, five minutes and one minute before the end of the examination. When the supervisor says that the time is up, you must put down your pencil and wait at your desk until you paper is collected. What should you do if you finish the test early and want to get a better result? | [
"Take some notes carefully.",
"Leave the room immediately.",
"Remain in your seat and check again.",
"Raise your hand to inform your teacher."
] | C. Remain in your seat and check again. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_34381 | Q: My daughter is a junior in high school and has been on an individualized education program since fourth grade. She plans to go to college and intends to finish with a master's degree. Her performance in general is fairly good, but test scores are very low. She has held many leadership and volunteer positions. We have been advised to have her write an essay about how her learning disability is a barrier that she has to get over. Will that help or hurt her chances for admission? ---- Deborah A: First let me answer the question on low standardized test scores (ACT/SAT). There are hundreds of colleges that are "test optional" which means students can choose not to release their test scores in the application process. Admission decisions at these colleges for students who do not submit their test scores are made based on other factors. A list of test optional colleges can be found at fairtest.org. It is important, however, to make sure that the college is the right fit academically regardless of the test optional policy. You also asked if your daughter should write about her disability and if this would hurt her chances of being admitted. Please know that colleges do not deny admission based on disability. "Disclosing" a learning disability in a personal statement within the college application can certainly help. By writing a personal statement, students can potentially _ , for example, their understanding of the challenge they face. They might also prove an improved grade trend in that subject area, and show interest in more complex courses in spite of this disability. More importantly, a student disclosure can show self-confidence, motivation and an understanding of the disability. ---- Ms. Kravis According to the passage, Mr. Kravis is probably _ . | [
"an editor",
"a school leader",
"a psychological doctor",
"an educational expert"
] | D. an educational expert | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_97827 | the closest star to our planet delivers solar energy to the planet | [
"this is truth",
"all of these",
"unknown",
"maybe"
] | A. this is truth | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_2446 | Water freezing is an example of a | [
"liquid changing to a solid",
"solid changing to a liquid",
"gas changing to a solid",
"gas changing to a liquid"
] | A. liquid changing to a solid | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_272 | Let $S_{0},S_{1},S_{2},\dots$ be an infinite sequence produced by a source $\mathcal{S}$. All $S_{n}$ take values in $\{0,1\}$, and $S_{n+1}$ depends only on $S_n$, that is, $p_{S_{n+1} | S_0, \dots, S_n}(s_{n+1} | s_0, \dots, s_n) = p_{S_{n+1} | S_n}(s_{n+1} | s_n)$. The probability $p_{S_{n+1}|S_{n}}$ is schematically represented in the graph below: egin{center} ikzset{ state/.style = { draw, circle, minimum size = 20pt, font = ontsize{12}{12}\selectfont, } } egin{tikzpicture}[> = latex]
ode[state] (a) {$0$};
ode[state, right of = a] (b) {$1$}; \path[->] (a) edge[bend left, above] node {$1/2$} (b); \path[->] (a) edge[loop left] node {$ rac{1}{2}$} (); \path[->] (b) edge[bend left, below] node {$1/4$} (a); \path[->] (b) edge[loop right] node {$ rac{3}{4}$} (); \end{tikzpicture} \end{center} For instance, the edge from $0$ to $1$ means that $p_{S_{n+1}|S_{n}}(1|0) = rac{1}{2}$. We also have that $p_{S_0}(0)=1$. True or false: For every $n\geq 0$, $H(S_n|S_0,\ldots,S_{n-1})
eq H(S_n|S_{n-1}) $. | [
"True",
"False"
] | B. False | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_56911 | The Independent Project at the Monument Mountain Regional High School in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, is attracting huge interest in the education field. The program is a new concept that has developed a wide variety of students' abilities and excited their interest in education and self-directed learning. They are a group of students that , instead of being educated through the normal school courses, have created their own subjects and project-based interactive learning. The students are almost completely independent. They choose a goal that they want to accomplish and work on for the whole year. These goals have included some impressive attempts such as writing a novel, writing a play , learning the piano and more. Along with these larger attempts , the students meet every day to ask questions about other subjects like natural sciences , social sciences, etc. Although most of them say that they don't like math, they did eventually develop an interest in math through this independent learning technique. The education program, which has attracted a huge variety of students, allows the students to learn and develop research skills and questioning techniques and allows them to truly be interested in the subjects they are diving into . They also teach each other what they have learned , which allows them to develop different way of presenting and gathering material that they have researched. I wish that I could have participated in such a project during my high school career, like writing a novel. I am currently studying English as well as education to pursue a teaching degree. I would love to adapt independent driven projects into a classroom in the future. This project also raises some crucial questions. Do we need to rethink the structure of the education system itself? Are too many students being simply fed through a conveyor belt that we blindly see as working toward their education? I think that the education system needs some improvements , and different learning styles need to be addressed immediately. Individual differences in learning are huge keys to the functioning of a classroom. This project takes the idea to a whole new level. This is an extremely important event in the development of the American education system and I think everyone needs to keep an eye out for more programs like this. By saying "Are too many students --- toward their education?" the author seems to imply that _ . | [
"teachers are really important for students.",
"different learning styles should be encouraged.",
"the project works like a conveyor belt of information.",
"knowledge can be better conveyed in smaller classes"
] | B. different learning styles should be encouraged. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_91680 | A Bite of China Are you an eating-lover? Do you want to eat every delicious food in the world? Then do you watch the popular program A Bite of China? It's a TV program on Chinese delicious food which has been produced by CCTV. Is there any holiday that isn't celebrated with special festival food? Here are several traditional Chinese foods: Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with its candles lit in many western countries. Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very unlucky to cut it off. Although westerners sometimes may be very sorry to see fish lying on the plate, in China a whole fish is a symbol of richness. In fact, at a party it is a tradition to serve the whole fish last, pointed towards the most valued guest. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese word for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness or plenty, and it is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come. A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat Festival is Zongzi. This tasty dish is made of rice dumplings with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bamboo leaves. The tradition of Zongzi is meant to remind us of a great man, Qu Yuan in Chinese history. A Bite of China is _ . | [
"a magazine",
"a newspaper",
"a film",
"a TV program"
] | D. a TV program | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93509 | Angelo wants to know if the volume of water changes when it freezes. He measures the volume of water in its liquid state and then freezes it. Which tool did Angelo most likely use to measure the volume of the water? | [
"a microscope",
"a thermometer",
"a balance scale",
"a graduated cylinder"
] | D. a graduated cylinder | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1947 | A patient visits the doctor for a checkup and is diagnosed with skin cancer. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this disease? | [
"poor eating and sleeping habits",
"exposure to ultraviolet rays",
"a defect in the person's immune system",
"working with plants and animals"
] | B. exposure to ultraviolet rays | arc_easy |
aquarat_31412 | The average age of 36 students in a group is 14 years. when teacher's age is included to it, the average increases by one.What is the teacher's age in years? | [
"31",
"36",
"51",
"53",
"57"
] | C. 51 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_79567 | Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995, by Dr Madan Kataria. "Children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr Kataria. "Everyone's naturally good at laughing -- it's the universal language." There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1,300 worldwide. Many doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLS School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to the nearest club in the south of London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class. I had no interest in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid . Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say "ho ho ho, ha ha ha" while looking at each other. Although we couldn't tell the differences between _ laughter and real laughter, they still produced the same healthy effects. Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes, everybody there was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was shocked by how relaxed and comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. Which is the BEST title for the passage? | [
"A 5-year study",
"Try laughing at Laughter Clubs",
"The first Laughter Club",
"A difficult language to learn"
] | B. Try laughing at Laughter Clubs | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_98217 | which of these people would be most susceptible to disease? | [
"a person with a healthy white blood cell",
"a person with optimal conditions",
"a person with a weak white blood cell",
"an athlete with a clean bill of health"
] | C. a person with a weak white blood cell | mmlu_train |
aquarat_27474 | Two pipes A and B can fill a tank in 15 min and 20 min respectively. Both the pipes are opened together but after 4 min, pipe A is turned off. What is the total time required to fill the tank? | [
"14 min 19 sec",
"14 min 42 sec",
"14 min 20 sec",
"14 min 40 sec",
"14 min 10 sec"
] | D. 14 min 40 sec | aquarat |
aquarat_36432 | One millisecond is 0.001 of a second. The costs for a single run of a computer program are $1.36 for operating-system overhead, $0.023 per millisecond of computer time, and $4.35 for the mounting of a data tape. What is the total of these three costs for 1 run of a program that requires 1.5 seconds of computer time ? | [
"$7.15",
"$8.87",
"$35.96",
"$40.21",
"$59.92"
] | D. $40.21 | aquarat |
aquarat_24463 | Source: Knewton
A cyclist's speed varies, depending on the terrain, between 5.0 miles per hour and 14.0 miles per hour, inclusive. What is the maximum distance, in miles, that the cyclist could travel in 7 hours? | [
"42",
"56",
"70",
"98",
"140"
] | D. 98 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_87993 | Danny. . Danny: The pencil is green. It's not mine. It's my friend Kevin's. The eraser is not Kevin's. It's Sally's. She has three erasers. The red pen is Millie's. The ruler is Millie's, too. The blue notebook is not Millie's. It's John's. What's mine? The key is. It's not in my schoolbag. It's in my jacket. Thank you, Kevin, Sally, Millie and John. Sally has _ erasers. | [
"two",
"three",
"four",
"five"
] | B. three | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_74452 | Everyone hopes to have a healthy lifestyle. But do you know what a healthy lifestyle is like? Here are some ways to have a healthy life. Get active This is the most important way of a healthy lifestyle. Walking, running, playing basketball and other sports will help you keep healthy. Keep clean Keep the places around you clean. Unclean and untidy places can not only make you angry but also (...) make you ill. Eat healthily Our health depends on our food, so everyone should remember to eat healthy food. The healthier food you eat, the healthier you will be. Live green This is the easiest way to live a healthy lifestyle. Plant trees around your house. Try your best to use less water. Stop using things if they are bad for environment . From the passage, which of the following is the way to live green? | [
"Getting lots of exercise.",
"Keeping clean and tidy.",
"Planting trees.",
"Eating more fruit and vegetables."
] | C. Planting trees. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_24779 | A trader bought a car at 20% discount on its original price. He sold it at a 40% increase on the price he bought it. What percent of profit did he make on the original price? | [
"72%",
"82%",
"12%",
"22%",
"42%"
] | C. 12% | aquarat |
aquarat_8416 | In a sequence of 12 numbers, each term, except for the first one, is 12^14 less than the previous term. If the greatest term in the sequence is 12^15, what is the smallest term in the sequence?
Thus, A12 = A1+12-1d
Where d is the difference between each pairs of consecutive terms. Since each term is 1211 less than the previous term, d=-1211Click individual answer choices for specific explanations.
From what I undersltand the formula for an arithmetic sequence represents
some-number-in-the-sequence= first-number-in-sequence +the-place-of-that-number - 1x the-difference-of-each-#-in-the-sequence | [
"12^14",
"0",
"12^11",
"11·12^11",
"12^12"
] | A. 12^14 | aquarat |
aquarat_12605 | which of the following is the square of an prime number? | [
"144",
"529",
"576",
"441",
"256"
] | B. 529 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_96887 | How long might a bear likely to remain its den without eating, drinking, or excreting after November? | [
"The first few weeks of December",
"Until it hears the call of the wild",
"For around twenty weeks",
"until hunters kill it for its pelt"
] | C. For around twenty weeks | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_65564 | Three years ago, five parrots were set free in a wild place of Arizona, thousands of miles from the Channel Islands in Jersey where they had been looked after by zookeepers. No evolutionary strategies informed them how to behave in this new landscape of mountainous pine forest unoccupied by their kind for 50 years. To the researchers' surprise, they failed to make contact with a group of wild parrots imported from Mexico and set free at the same time. Within 24 hours the reintroducing ended in failure, and the poor birds were back in cages, on their way to the safety of the Arizona reintroduction programme. Ever since then, the programme has enjoyed great success, mainly because the birds now being set free are Mexican birds illegally caught in the wild, confiscated on arrival north of the border, and raised by their parents in the safety of the programme. The experience shows how little we know about the behaviour and psychology of parrots, as Peter Bennett, a bird researcher, points out: "Reintroducing species of high intelligence like parrots is a lot more difficult. People like parrots, always treating them as nothing more than pets or valuable 'collectables'." Now that many species of parrot are in immediate danger of dying out, biologists are working together to study the natural history and the behaviour of this family of birds. Last year was an important turning point: conservationists founded the World Parrot Trust, based at Hayle in Cornwall, to support research into both wild and caged birds. Research on parrots is vital for two reasons. First, as the Arizona programme showed, when reintroducing parrots to the wild, we need to be aware of what the birds must know if they are to survive in their natural home. We also need to learn more about the needs of parrots kept as pets, particularly as the Trust's campaign does not attempt to discourage the practice, but rather urges people who buy parrots as pets to choose birds raised by humans. The reintroducing experience three years ago shows that man-raised parrots | [
"can find their way back home in Jersey",
"are unable to recognize their parents",
"are unable to adapt to the wild",
"can produce a new species"
] | C. are unable to adapt to the wild | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_37675 | Four hundred and three babies are crying loudly. Do you know how to make them quiet in 41 seconds? There is an amazing new product on sale in prefix = st1 /Japanwhich does exactly this. It is an LP (a long-playing record) of sounds from inside a mother's body, which a hospital doctor recorded. In tests with the record she played the LP to 403 crying babies. After 41 seconds not one baby was crying and 161 of them were sleeping. The record began as an experiment by Professor Hajime Minooka of the Nippon Medical University near Tokyo. He was looking for something natural that helped new-born babies go to sleep. The sound of the mothers' heart-beat and other body sounds are the things the babies heard inside their mothers. They feel safe and happy when they hear these sounds again. And they go to sleep. Hospitals in Osaka and Tokyoare using the LP. 10, 000 young couples are using it too. Toshiba Music Company who makes and sells the records is very happy. One and a half million couples marry every year inJapan. Many will have babies, so the LP will definitely be a hit! It can be inferred from the passage that _ . | [
"The LP will be a popular thing in the future",
"Hospitals in Osaka andTokyowill make a lot of money",
"New-born babies are sensitive to music",
"More babies will be born inJapan"
] | A. The LP will be a popular thing in the future | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_66719 | In a room at Texas Children Cancer Center in Houston, eight-year-old Simran Jatar lay in bed with a drip above her to fight her bone cancer. Over her bald head, she wore a pink hat that matched her clothes. But the third grader's cheery dressing didn't mask her pain and weary eyes. Then a visitor showed up. "Do you want to write a song?" asked Anita Kruse, 49, rolling a cart equipped with an electronic keyboard, a microphone and speakers. Simran stared. "Have you ever written a poem?" Anita Kruse continued. "Well, yes," Simran said. Within minutes, Simran was reading her poem into the microphone. "Some bird soaring through the sky," she said softly. "Imagination in its head..." Anita Kruse added piano music, a few warbling (, ) birds, and finally the girl's voice. Thirty minutes later, she presented Simran with a CD of her first recorded song. That was the beginning of Anita Kruse's project, Purple Songs Can Fly, one that has helped more than 125 young patients write and record songs. As a composer and pianist who had performed at the hospital, Kruse said that the idea of how she could help "came in one flash". The effect on the kids has been great. One teenage girl, curling in pain in her wheelchair, stood unaided to dance to a hip-hop song she had written. A 12-year-old boy with Hodgkin's disease who rarely spoke surprised his doctors with a song he calledI Can Make It. "My time with the kids is heartbreaking because of the severity of their illnesses," says Anita Kruse. "But they also make you happy, when the children are smiling, excited to share their CD with their families." Simran is now an active sixth grader and cancer-free. From time to time, she and her mother listen to her song,Always Remembering, and they always remember the "really sweet and nice and loving" lady who gave them a shining moment in the dark hour. What does the case of a 12-year-old boy suggest? | [
"Most children are naturally fond of music.",
"He was brave enough to put up performance.",
"The project has positive effect on young patients.",
"Singing is the best way to treat some illnesses."
] | C. The project has positive effect on young patients. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_15453 | What proximate value should come in place of the question mark (?) in the following question?
9.595 × 1084 + 2568.34 – 1708.34 = ? | [
"6,000",
"12,000",
"10,000",
"11228",
"22397"
] | D. 11228 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_18999 | "Blogging is helping students to think and write more critically ,"says an Australian researcher, "and can help draw out people who would otherwise not engage in debate." These are the preliminary findings of PHD research by Anne Bartlett-Bragg, a lecturer at the University of Technology, Sydney, who has been using weblogs or blogs in her own teaching since 2001. "The students are thinking more critically." she says, "They are learning to be responsible and they're communicating outside the boundaries of the classroom and the institution, and they like that. "Bartlett-Bragg says in conventional teaching, students often rely on the lecturer as the main source of ideas and critique for their work. "I'm a bit over listening to my students giving me back in an essay what I've told them in class." she says. "I want them to think for themselves and get different perspectives." "What makes blogs useful is their interactive nature." she says. These web-based forums for discussing ideas, experiences or opinions allow students to discuss publicly what they are studying with other students and experts outside their own university. "I really encourage them to put their personal opinion in there, provided they are informed and backed up with evidence." Bartlett-Bragg says because a lot of academics in her field of electronic or e-learning now have their own blogs, students can engage directly with them. She says one of the most powerful facilities in weblogs is pinging, which involves a person positing a comment about someone else's work on their own blog. They use the "Trackback" tool to notify the author when they have published the comment, basically inviting them to discuss it. "They get such a buzz when they make a comment on another person outside the boundaries of the institution and that person responds, or even gives them some further reading." she says. "They are getting new perspectives that I can't give them in a normal lecture." Bartlett-Bragg's attitude towards introducing blogs into teaching is _ | [
"critic",
"doubtful",
"supportive",
"neutral"
] | C. supportive | mmlu_train |
aquarat_22896 | A tank holds x gallons of a saltwater solution that is 20% salt by volume. One Fourth of the water is evaporated, leaving all of the salt. When 8 Gallons of water and 16 gallons of salt are added, the resulting mixture is 33 1/3 % salt by volume. What is the value of x? | [
"120",
"75",
"100",
"150",
"175"
] | A. 120 | aquarat |
aquarat_41570 | In an election only two candidates contested. A candidate secured 70% of the valid votes and won by a majority of 172 votes. Find the total number of valid votes? | [
"430",
"437",
"435",
"431",
"433"
] | A. 430 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_13546 | Baths and bathing have been considered of an important medical therapy to man. In Greece there are the ruins of a bath tub and water system built over 3 000 years ago. The Romans had warm public baths. In some public baths as many 3 000 persons could bathe at the same time. Treating diseases by bathing has been popular for centuries. Modern medical bathing, or _ , first became popular in Europe and by the late 1 700's also became popular in the United States. For many years frequent bathing was believed to be bad for one's health. Ordinary bathing just to be clean was avoided, and perfume was used to cover up body and smell. By the 1 700's doctors began to say that soap and water were good for health. They believed that it was good for people to be clean. Slowly, people began to bathe more frequently. In the United States ordinary bathing was slow to become popular. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, many Americans were known as "the great unwashed". In one American city, for example, a person could only take a bath every 30 days! That was a law. Frequency of bathing today is partly a matter of habit. People know that bathing for cleanliness is important to health. Doctors know that dirty bodies increase that chance of disease. Therefore in the United States people generally bathe often. Which of the following statements is not true? | [
"Bathing was important to Greeks and Romans.",
"The Greek built water systems.",
"The Greek had warm public baths.",
"The Greek used bath tubs."
] | C. The Greek had warm public baths. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_36707 | If a sum of money doubles itself in 10 years at simple interest, the ratepercent per annum is | [
"10",
"12.5",
"13",
"13.5",
"14"
] | A. 10 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_98678 | The size of a persons head is | [
"changed",
"calculated",
"determined by food",
"predetermined"
] | D. predetermined | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_50836 | Donald Watson was a man who thought very much about the food he ate. He was born in yorkshire, England , in September 1910. And he died in November 2005, at the age of 95. That is a very great age. Watson explained that it was because he never ate any food from animals. When he was a boy , Watson stayed on a farm. .He loved to see the animals. He said that they gave so much to people. And all the animals were so friendly. Then , one day , he saw a man killing a pig . He was very sad. . From then on, Watson decided that he would never again eat meat . Twenty years later he decided that he wouldn't eat anything from animals, such as milk, cheese or eggs. He became vegan . Watson formed a group called "The Vegan Society". In its newspaper, The Vegan Society thought it was terrible and wrong to eat food from animals. At first, there were not many people who agreed with him . They thought it was crazy to do _ .Most people thought it was too difficult and unhealthy. However, over time , more and more people began to agree with Watson and The Vegan Society. People become vegans for many reasons. Watson and his friend stopped eating because they loved animals. They believed that it was wrong to hurt another living thing . Now, people also become vegans for environmental reasons. Keeping animals takes a lot of resources , including water and food. Also, in some places, people are cutting down trees to create more land for cows. By avoiding food from animals, vegans hope to protect these forest areas. Finally, just like Watson, some people believe that being a vegan is healthier. They believe that food from animals causes heart problems, a high body weight and many other health problems. Watson refused to eat meat _ . | [
"because of his love of animals",
"because of environmental reasons",
"because he had a lot of health problems",
"because keeping animals needs lots of resources"
] | A. because of his love of animals | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1518 | Which of these converts electrical energy to light energy? | [
"a star",
"a flashlight",
"a campfire",
"a tea kettle"
] | B. a flashlight | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_31631 | Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England, on January 8, 1942. At the age of 17, he entered University College, Oxford. He wanted to study mathematics, but took up the study of physics when math was unavailable. He received a Ph.D. in physics despite being diagnosed with Ameliotrophic Lateral Sclerosis while at Oxford in 1963. In 1985 he became ill with pneumonia , and since then has required 24-hour nursing. Dr. Hawking's determination, along with the help of his family and associates, has allowed him to continue to work. In 1970 he began studying black holes. His research led him to predict that black holes send out radiation in the X-ray to gamma-ray range of the spectrum . In the 1980s he returned to an earlier interest, the origins of the universe. He has co-authored many publications, such as 300 Years of Gravity and The Large Scale Structure of Space time. Dr. Hawking has also written books such as A Brief History of Time, Black Holes and Baby Universes and other Essays, The Universe in a Nutshell and others. He continues to give lectures, despite having been unable to speak since 1985, with the aid of a speech synthesizer and a portable computer. He currently holds Isaac Newton's chair as the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University in England. When did Hawking enter University College, Oxford? | [
"in 1942",
"in 1970",
"in 1959",
"in 1963"
] | C. in 1959 | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_89604 | To the students of Class3 *Examinations start on June22nd and end on June23. *For the PE test, go to the gym. For the music test, go to the Piano Room. All else are written tests. They will be held in classroom3. English June22 8:30 A.M. - 10:00 A.M. Math June22 10:30 A.M.--12:00 A.M. History June22 2:30P.M.--3:30 P.M. PE June23 8:00A.M.--10:00A.M. Music June23 1:00P.M.--3:00P.M. *If you have questions, go to the Teachers' Office before the test. Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), characterized by fever, sores in the mouth and rashes on hands and feet, is not a new infection and is common among(......)infants and children. It is caused by up to 20 types of virus but has similar symptoms . But it usually does not lead to death. Many kindergartens have to be shut because of it. When you have completed a writing task, allow 5-10 minutes to read it and check for mistakes. In particular, look for: *incorrect agreement of subject and verb: My friend likes... NOT My friend like... * incorrect use of tenses * wrong expressions The 2008 Olympic torch which was named "lucky cloud" was lighted on Monday in Ancient Olympia, marking the start of the domestic and international torch relay that will end on August8 with the Games' opening ceremony . The Beijing Games relay is the longest ever planned, lasting 130 days and covering 137,000 kilometers worldwide, traveling to 20 countries. When were the written tests held? | [
"Only on the morning of June22.",
"Only on the morning of June23.",
"On the morning and afternoon of June22.",
"On the morning and afternoon of June23."
] | C. On the morning and afternoon of June22. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_53852 | A box contains three red marbles and 1 green marble. If the marbles are removed from the box one at a time, in random order, what is the probability that all three red marbles are removed before the green marble? | [
"1/64",
"1/24",
"1/12",
"1/4",
"1/2"
] | D. 1/4 | aquarat |
arc_challenge_744 | Due to the increasing average temperature of the atmosphere, polar ice sheets melt at a greater rate than they form. Which of these will be an effect of the continued melting of polar ice? | [
"A major reservoir of fresh water will decrease.",
"Plant life will increase due to higher sea levels.",
"Water runoff will cause an increase in ocean salinity.",
"Ocean temperature will decrease with the addition of cold water."
] | A. A major reservoir of fresh water will decrease. | arc_challenge |
arc_easy_1284 | In flowering plants, what structure containing DNA is transported from one plant to another? | [
"nectar",
"chlorophyll",
"glucose",
"pollen"
] | D. pollen | arc_easy |
aquarat_16241 | A hollow spherical metallic ball has an external diameter 6 cm and is 1/2 cm thick. The volume of metal used in the metal is: | [
"47 1/5cm3",
"47 3/5cm3",
"47 7/5cm3",
"47 9/5cm3",
"None of these"
] | B. 47 3/5cm3 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_64629 | A Scottish university is considering allowing students to use their own computers in exams. Edinburgh University already has the equipment to allow a small number of students to use computers during exams. Senior officials at Edinburgh University say that it is unfair to expect students to use pens and paper in exams when the majority of their coursework is done on computers. Undergraduates at the School of Divinity have the choice of using computers with their final answers being collected on a USB stick, but the take-up stands at less than 10 per cent. Dai Hounsell, professor of higher education at the university, said, "We've got to look at alternatives to the handwritten exam. Looking ahead ten years from now, I'm sure there will not be handwritten answers any longer in the exam of certain subjects, but how we get there from here isn't easy. The plan doesn't apply so much to science and engineering subjects where students have to use charts and mathematical formulae . There isn't technology at the moment to allow them to do that on a computer." He adds that the approval of students is the key before anything is carried out. He also said, "We don't want to put students' future at risk by experimenting as there are technical things which can go wrong. There could be a power failure." Nora Mogey, head of Media and Learning Technology Service at the university, said, "A lot of students are not _ enough to make that step in such an important situation. They don't feel they've had enough practice in typing on a computer with a time limit in a high-pressure environment. They think they do better with a pen in their hand than on a keyboard." Jennifer Cadiz, president at the National Union of Students in the UK, said, "It's great to see universities recognizing that times have changed. Exams can be a really stressful time for students and it's helpful to offer them a flexible way to complete exams." No other major Scottish universities have plans to follow in Edinburgh University's footsteps and the Scottish Qualifications Authority says it has decided not to carry out the plan in its universities. According to Para. 1, we know that in Edinburgh University _ . | [
"computers are not allowed to be used during exams",
"students shouldn't use their pens during exams",
"most coursework is done on computers",
"most students will use computers during exams"
] | C. most coursework is done on computers | mmlu_train |
aquarat_8341 | What should come in place of the question mark (?) in the following number series?
11 19 29 41 55 ? | [
"69",
"70",
"71",
"72",
"73"
] | C. 71 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_17637 | The high noise of modern life may affect speech and language development in the very young, according to a study that found the auditory parts of the brains of young mice are slower to organize properly in the presence of continuous sounds. Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, reared a group of rats in an environment of continuous background noise and found that their brain circuits that receive and interpret sound did not develop at the same rate as animals that were raised in a quieter environment. Edward F. Chang and Michael Merzenich, co-authors of the study appearing in the journal Science, said that the continuous noise delayed the organization of auditory neurons during a critical two-to-three-week period after the rat pups were born. For rats not exposed to the noise, the auditory cortex neurons during this period gathered into a smaller area and began developing a selective response to sounds. But for the noiseexposed rats, this organization was slowed, causing a delay in the development of the ability to discriminate specific sound tones. The researchers said it took three or four times longer for the rats raised in a noisy environment to reach the basic bench marks of auditory development seen in the rat pups not exposed to noises. Although the rat is not a perfect model for what happens in humans, the authors note, the study does suggest that high levels of noise might possibly affect some language learning in babies. "These findings suggest that environmental noise, which is commonly present in contemporary child-rearing environments, can potentially contribute to auditory and language-related development delays,"the authors wrote in Science. The authors noted that although the brain development was delayed in rats exposed to the noise, their brains did eventually mature normally. The findings of the research are said to have special connections with _ . | [
"causes of noises",
"medical science",
"other living things",
"human babies"
] | D. human babies | mmlu_train |
aquarat_41615 | The least number which must be subtracted from 509 to make it exactly divisible by 9 is: | [
"A) 2",
"B) 3",
"C) 5",
"D) 5",
"E) 6"
] | C. C) 5 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_14589 | (Natural News)Many parents have tried to gave their children a head start on education with get-smart videos and enrichment activities as early as infancy, but free play is often sacrificed, so the American Academy of Pediatrics says that the best medicine for busy children is an increase in traditional "playtime". A number of studies suggest that unstructured play can help children become creative, discover their own interests, develop problem-solving abilities, and relate to others socially, according to a report prepared by two academy committees for release Monday at the group's annual meting. On the contrary, a lack of such playtime can create stress for both children and parents, and it can also cause obesity when children spend too much time sitting in front of educational videos. The report notes lack of playtime could even lead to depression in many children. The report thinks the lack of playtime lies in the fact that parents want to have super-smart children and safe places for children to play is decreasing. A balance between free playtime and educational activities should be struck, the report states. "In the current environment, where so many parents feel pressure to be super parents, I believe this message is an important one," said Dr. Kenneth Ginsburg, the report's lead author and a pediatrician at The Children's prefix = st1 /HospitalofPhiladelphia. Noted pediatrician, author, and presenter of cable TV's "What Every Baby Knows," Dr. T. Betty Brazelton agreed. "Children with structured activities" are missing the chance to dream, to make their own world work the way they want it. That to me is a very important part of childhood. Which of the following is a proper word to describe today's children? | [
"Dull.",
"Busy.",
"Happy.",
"Free."
] | B. Busy. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_13145 | This summer, Monika Lutz's life took an unusual turn. Instead of heading off to college, the high school graduate packed her bags for a Bengali jungle. Lutz, like a growing number of other young Americans, is taking a year off. Gap years are quite common in Britain and Australia, but they are just beginning to catch on in the U.S. Lutz, who grew up in Boulder, Colo., has put together a 14-month schedule that includes helping deliver solar power to some communities in India and interning for a fashion designer in Shanghai---experiences that are worlds away from the lecture halls and university dormitories that await other students. "I could not be happier," she says. Why are students attracted to the gap-year concept? According to new survey data from Karl Haigler and Rae Nelson, education-policy experts and co-authors of The Gap-Year Advantage, the most common reason for this is to avoid burnout. "I felt like I was focused on college as a means to an end," says Kelsi Morgan, an incoming Middlebury College freshman who spent last year interning for a judge in Tulsa, Okla., and teaching English at an orphanage in the Dominican Republic. The hope is that after a year out of the classroom, students will enter college more energized, focused and mature. That can be an advantage for colleges too. Robert Clagett, dean of admissions at Middlebury, did some research a few years ago and found that a single gap semester was the strongest predictor of academic success at his school. Most experts recommend securing a spot in college before taking a gap year and warn against using the time off to lengthen your resume. "Most admissions folks can see right through that," says Jim Jump, the academic dean of St. Christopher's School in Richmond, Va. But for students like Lutz, who, after getting rejected from five Ivies, decided to take time off, a gap year can help focus interests. Lutz now plans to apply mostly to non-Ivies that have strong marketing programs. "This experience has really opened my eyes to the opportunities the world has to offer," she says. But at least one education expert doesn't want schools spreading the gap-year message. In a study that followed 11,000 members of the high school class of 1992 for eight years after graduation, Stefanie DeLuca, a sociology professor at Johns Hopkins University, found that, all things being equal, those who delayed college by a year were 64% less likely to complete a bachelor's degree than those who didn't. DeLuca did not say whether these students voluntarily started college late, but at the very least, her work indicates that taking a gap year doesn't guarantee success. "I'm not going to say that time off does not have benefits," says DeLuca. "But I think we should not be so enthusiastic." Stefanie DeLuca probably agrees that _ . | [
"students should think twice before taking gap years",
"taking gap years enables students to achieve success",
"schools should encourage their students to take gap years",
"taking gap years increases students' chances of getting a good job"
] | A. students should think twice before taking gap years | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_192 | Corn can be used to make ethanol, which is a fuel for some cars. What problem could be caused by the increased use of ethanol? | [
"increase in fossil fuel production",
"decrease in corn production",
"increase in severe weather",
"decrease in nutrients in soil"
] | D. decrease in nutrients in soil | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_6551 | In my twenty-six years as a free writer, I have worked for newspapers, magazines and the Internet sites. I have reviewed the famous people, and criticized the political characters. Yet along my journalistic journey there have been several interviews that remain deeply in my memory. For not only did the characters of those specific people impress me, they actually influenced my life. Lynn R. Taylor is such a special person. Born in Buffalo, New York, on May 2, 1962, Lynn Taylor was just like all the other kids in her neighborhood. At the age of three she was diagnosed with Wilms Tumor, a cancer of the kidneys. Given a "no-chance" prediction, doctors completely removed one of Lynn's kidneys and part of another. They then predicted that if she survived to the age of five, she might possibly make ten. In the decade that followed, Lynn Taylor met and surpassed all medical experts' gloom-and-doom predictions. At the age of fourteen she was in full remission , and by seventeen, she was considered cured. Yet in this case, Lynn's medical history was far from closed. Over the next twenty-three years, Lynn earned her undergraduate degree and master's degree in economics. Then she was awarded a scholarship to study at the University of Sussex in England. There she was invited to teach and earned her second master's degree. Upon returning to Buffalo, the successful young woman engaged in a variety of high level jobs, including head of Multicultural Affairs at a local college. Recently Lynn has added a new activity to her schedule----that of a cancer hospital volunteer. It is her wish to provide living proof for patients that cancer is not necessarily a death sentence but rather, as she has proved, something to overcome. What can we learn about Lynn's condition now? | [
"she is still not strong enough to do much work.",
"she is learning medicine at a college.",
"she still can't do without medicine.",
"she is fully recovered."
] | D. she is fully recovered. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_96172 | What can genes do? | [
"Give a young goat hair that looks like its mother's hair",
"Make a baby chubby",
"Make a horse break its leg",
"Attack viruses and bacteria"
] | A. Give a young goat hair that looks like its mother's hair | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_53943 | Submitting Assignment Online In order to upload an assignment (work given to students) to the system properly, you must save the assignment using one of the following applications: Microsoft Word, Corel WordPerfect, or Microsoft Excel. After you complete an assignment, it is important to save your work. This ensures that assignment being uploaded to the system is the most updated version. Your word processing program may attempt to save the assignment to a folder on your computer. We recommend creating a new folder, named after your course, in a location that is easy to remember, such as "My Documents." File Name Requirements Select a file name for the assignment that is easy to remember. The file name must NOT contain spaces. Any spaces used in the file name will prevent the file from uploading to the system. File names using the extensions .rtf, .html, .zip, .jpg, or .exe are NOT allowed. Assignment Upload Procedure Make sure you save the assignment using one of the applications previously identified and ensure that it meets the file name requirements described above. When the file is ready to upload, follow these steps: 1. Sign in the system. 2. Enter your address information and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the "Directions" screen. 3. Review the directions and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the "Special Assignment Upload" screen. 4. Click the SEARCH button. The "Choose File" pop-up window appears. 5. Find the location on your computer where you saved your assignment, and select the file. After you have selected the file, click the UPLOAD button to upload your assignment to the system. Assignment Submission Dates Assignments must be submitted by midnight on the specified due date. Submit your assignment on time so that it reaches the system on or before the due date. No late assignments will be accepted or marked. Assignments delivered after the due date will not be assessed and will be failed. Please manage your time carefully as family and work demands will not be accepted as excuses for late or non-submissions. Tutors and administrators do not have the authority to grant extensions. Students are advised to save an assignment to a specific folder in order to _ . | [
"sign in the system",
"remember where the document is",
"choose the appropriate application",
"remember the document name quickly"
] | B. remember where the document is | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_53642 | Edward Wilson is America's, if not the world's, leading naturalist. In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the world's natural resources. How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity of our earth. Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment protection, Henry David Thoreau. He compares today's Walden Pond with that of Thoreau's day. Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book. The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years. Can the earth, with human help, be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future? Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today. Even our agricultural crops can gain advantages from it. A mere hundred species are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas. At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment. If you are to continue to live on the earth, you may as well read and act on the ideas in this book. Wilson suggests that one way to keep biodiversity is to _ . | [
"learn how to farm scientifically",
"builds homes for some dying species",
"makes it clear what to eat",
"use more species for food"
] | D. use more species for food | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_91406 | Unless we spend money to spot(,) and prevent asteroids now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists. Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don't threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth. But $500 million worth of new telescopes right now, then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we'll have a way to change its course. Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are (i) How likely the event is; (2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500,000 years. Sounds pretty rare but if one did fall. It would be the end of the world. "If we don't take care of these bid asteroids, they'll take care of us," says one scientist. "it's that simple." The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets(,) of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? "the world has less fear from doomsday rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them." Said a New York Times article. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids? | [
"They are heavenly bodies different in composition.",
"They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.",
"They are more asteroids than meteoroids.",
"Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids."
] | B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_24376 | Which of the following is equal to 2^k*3^(k-1)? | [
"2*6^",
"3*6^",
"6^k",
"2*6^k",
"6^"
] | A. 2*6^ (k-1) | aquarat |
aquarat_10911 | Two taps A and B can fill a cistern in 12 minutes and 18 minutes respectively. They are turned on at the same time. If the tap A is turned off after 4 minutes, how long will tap B take to fill the rest of the cistern ? | [
"8 minute",
"9 min.",
"10 min.",
"7 min.",
"None of these"
] | A. 8 minute | aquarat |
mmlu_train_7164 | In Google's vision of the future, people will be able to translate documents instantly into the world's main languages with machine logic, not expert linguists, leading the way. Google's approach, called statistical machine translation, differs from past efforts in which it does without language experts who program grammatical rules and dictionaries into computers. Instead, they feed documents humans have already translated into two languages and then rely on computers to decide patterns for future translations. Though the quality is not perfect, it is an improvement on previous efforts at machine translation, said Franz Och, 35, a German who heads Google's translation effort at its Mountain View headquarters south of San Francisco. "Some people who have been in machine translations for a long time see our Arabic-English output, and then they say, that's amazing; that's a breakthrough ." Said Och. "And then other people who have never seen what machine translation was read through the sentence and they say, the first mistake here in Line Five-it doesn't seem to work because there is a mistake there." But for some tasks, a mostly correct translation may be good enough. Speaking over lunch this week in a Google cafeteria famed for offering free, healthy food, Och showed a translation of an Arabic Web news site into easily digestible English. Two Google workers speaking Russian at a nearby table said, however, that a translation of a news site from English into their native tongue was understandable but a bit awkward. Och, who speaks German, English and some Italian, feeds hundreds of millions of words from parallel texts such as Arabic and English into the computer, using United Nations and European Union documents as key sources. Languages without considerable translated texts, such as some African languages, face greater obstacles. "The more data we feed into the system, the better it gets." said Och, who moved to the United States from Germany in 2002. The program applies statistical analysis, an approach he hopes will avoid diplomatic embarrassing mistakes in diplomatic situations, such as when Russian leader Putin's translator annoyed then German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder by calling him the German "Fuhrer ("leader" in English)," which is forbidden in that context because of its association with Adolf Hitler. "I would hope that the language model would say, well, Schroeder is...very rare but Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schroeder is probably 100 times more frequent than Fuhrer and then it would make the right decision." Och said. Why are there more troubles in translations relating to African languages? | [
"Most of the translated materials are not properly translated.",
"The computer programmers know little of African languages.",
"It's hard to find enough African translation documents.",
"The UN and EU failed to provide translated African documents."
] | C. It's hard to find enough African translation documents. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_46366 | Old age may not sound exciting. But recent findings offer good news for older people and for people worried about getting older. Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old. The findings came from a survey of more than three hundred forty thousand adults in the United States. The Gallup Organization questioned them by telephone in 2008. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five. The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress. Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. The study also showed that men and women have similar feeling patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men. Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their feelings. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences. Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry. The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age. According to the survey of The Gallup Organization people are most likely to become happier _ . | [
"when they are between ages of 18 and 85",
"when they come to their old age",
"when they are in their twenties",
"when they are eighteen years old"
] | B. when they come to their old age | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_99713 | If you wanted to see the source of sunshine you would look at | [
"TV",
"the yellow dwarf",
"volcanoes",
"the moon"
] | B. the yellow dwarf | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_94594 | Which is an example of melting? | [
"Flowing water making a rock smooth",
"A carrot becoming soft when cooked",
"Sugar mixed into tea making the tea sweet",
"Butter changing into liquid in a warm pan"
] | D. Butter changing into liquid in a warm pan | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_767 | More sulfur dioxide is being added to the atmosphere. How will this most likely affect the hydrosphere? | [
"There will be a decrease in sea level.",
"The acidity of the ocean will increase.",
"There will be an increase in fresh water.",
"The temperature of the oceans will decline."
] | B. The acidity of the ocean will increase. | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1421 | What carries oxygen throughout the body? | [
"white blood cells",
"brain",
"red blood cells",
"nerves"
] | C. red blood cells | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1902 | What is taken in by the leaves of a tree so it can make its own food? | [
"oxygen",
"sugar",
"sunlight",
"water"
] | C. sunlight | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_33538 | Children of America are getting fatter every time. 13% of the children at the age of 6 to 11 are overweight(too fat). When we look at children's lives today in the USA, we can see the root(origin)of the problem--sports and foods. Young children like sports but they don't have enough around the start of high school. That's especially true for girls. Meanwhile, to make matters worse, schools are becoming much more interested in sports teams. So children are not able to get enough exercise just when they need it the most. There is also the food problem. Children get most of their calories at restaurants or parties or somewhere else away from home. They often drink too many Cokes. Parents have a lot of fears about telling a child he needs to lose weight-- they are afraid it will push a child into an eating disorder. Some parents fear that pushing children to lose weight means their children will think they're not good enough, or not loved because of their weight. Parents need to come to terms with the fact that the family is very important to the children. The most useful program for children is called "family weight control". This is good news. Mom and Dad, even if they don't have weight problems, have to go through the same program as their children and learn how to get some exercise and how to eat healthily. Why are American children getting fatter? The writer thinks _ . | [
"parents also have weight problem as their children",
"children drink too many Cokes",
"schools are more interested in sports teams",
"children have less exercise and eat unhealthily"
] | D. children have less exercise and eat unhealthily | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93276 | Photovoltaic cells capture photons of sunlight and transform them directly into electricity. Many of Earth's other energy resources are simply transformed solar energy. Which two energy resources store energy that did not begin as solar energy? | [
"oil and coal",
"wind and wood",
"nuclear and geothermal",
"hydropower and natural gas"
] | C. nuclear and geothermal | mmlu_train |
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