id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5
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|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_train_70514 | Don't wash your hair every day. Here's why: It will be easier to style. If you've ever washed your hair just before going to the salon to get another better look, you will be told by the stylist, freshly washed and dried hair isn't as easy to work with as hair that was washed a day or two ago. Your color will last longer. If you color your hair, washing daily can _ your color and lead to more trips to the salon. Keep your hair looking bright by only washing every other day. When you wash your hair, do so with a shampoo so that you can make sure the color doesn't lose. It will be healthier. The more you wash your hair, the more you're removing your hair's natural oil. That's right - too much time with the shampoo can really mean your hair become less soft and shining. Over-washing can dry hair out, which isn't a good idea. Keep your hair healthy by avoiding washing your hair every day. Washing and drying take a lot of time for those of us with long hair. By cutting back on styling time, you will have more time to get ready, sleep or even fit in a quick jog or trip to the gym. Before going to the salon to style your hair, you'd better _ . | [
"wash your hai",
"not wash your hair immediately",
"get a better look",
"have a talk with a stylist"
] | B. not wash your hair immediately | mmlu_train |
aquarat_16448 | For a finite sequence of non zero numbers, the number of variations in sign is defined as the number of pairs of consecutive terms of the sequence for which the product of the two consecutive terms is negative. What is the number of variations in sign for the sequence 1, -3, 2, 5, -4, -6, -5 ? | [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5"
] | D. 4 | aquarat |
aquarat_18097 | What is 2 2/3 - 1 1/4 divided by 1/4 - 1/6 ? | [
"17/36",
"36/17",
"17/6",
"17/1",
"51/4"
] | D. 17/1 | aquarat |
aquarat_49380 | A is half good a work man as B and together they finish a job in 18 days. In how many days working alone B finish the job? | [
"27 days",
"21 days",
"17 days",
"18 days",
"19 days"
] | A. 27 days | aquarat |
aquarat_50356 | Kiran travels from A to B by car and returns from B to A by cycle in 6 hours. If he travels both ways by car he saves 3 hours. What is the time taken to cover both ways by cycle? | [
"18 hours",
"8 hours",
"10 hours",
"21 hours",
"12 hours"
] | B. 8 hours | aquarat |
mmlu_train_33385 | Human beings have a natural desire to explore the unknown. People with a strong interest in space like to say it is the last place left to explore. But scientists are warning that space exploration for long periods is not going to be easy. They say the human body is not designed to stay in space over an extended period. The New York Times recently published a report about scientists who are preparing astronauts for a trip to the Moon. The newspaper said the scientists want to make sure that their crews return home in good health. But there are many problems to be solved before people are ready for long trips to the Moon, an asteroid or even the planet Mars. Humans developed on a planet with a surface that is more than 70 percent water. Our bodies are also about 70 percent water. When there is no gravity that water moves up toward the head, raising pressure in the skull. Arms and legs grow weaker at what is called zero gravity because they no longer need to push against the force of gravity. Five years ago, astronauts who spent weeks in space reported a change in their eyesight. These astronauts were members of the crew on the International Space Station. Research showed a change in the shape of their eyes. Normally-round eyeballs had become flat during time in space. The research also showed that the right eye was affected more than the left, and that men were more affected than women. Scientists could not find an explanation for the differences. Bone loss was one of the problems first reported by astronauts returning to Earth after longer stays in space. So scientists designed exercise machines to use on the space station. Tests showed that the exercise equipment helped space travelers keep their bones almost as strong as when they left Earth. There are other health issues for astronauts who spend a long time in space. They may have problems eating and sleeping. But the biggest health issue is exposure to radiation. On Earth, human beings are protected by the atmosphere and the planet's magnetic field. In outer space, there is no such protection. The following are problems mentioned in the passage Except _ . | [
"bone loss",
"loss of water",
"eyesight",
"exposure to radiation"
] | B. loss of water | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_58387 | WASHINGTON---Think you're savvy about food safety? That you wash your hands well, scrub away germs, cook your meat properly? Guess again. Scientists put cameras in the kitchens of 100 families in Logan, Utah. What was caught on tape in this middle-class, well-educated college town suggests why food poisoning hits so many Americans. People skipped soap when hand-washing. Used the same towel to wipe up raw meat juice as to dry their hands. Made a salad without washing the lettuce. Undercooked the meat loaf. One even tasted the marinade in which bacteria-ridden raw fish had soaked. Not to mention the mom who handled raw chicken and then fixed her infant a bottle without washing her hands. Or another mom who merely rinsed her baby's juice bottle after it fell into raw eggs---no soap against the salmonella that can lurk in eggs. "Shocking," was Utah State University nutritionist Janet Anderson's reaction. Specialists call this typical of the average U.S. household: Everybody commits at least some safety sins when they are hurried, distracted by fussy children or ringing phones, simply not thinking about germs. Even Anderson made changes in her kitchen after watching the tapes. The Food and Drug Administration funded Anderson's $50,000 study to detect how cooks slip up. The goal is to improve consumers' knowledge of how to protect themselves from the food poisoning that strikes 76 million Americans each year. "One of the great barriers in getting people to change is they think they're doing such a good job already," said FDA consumer research chief Alan Levy. Surveys show most Americans blame restaurants for food-borne illnesses. Asked if they follow basic bacteria-fighting tips---listed on the Internet at www.fightbac.org---most insist they're careful in their kitchens. Levy says most food poisonings probably occur at home. The videotapes suggest why. People have no idea that they're messing up, Anderson said. "You just go in the kitchen, and it's something you don't think about." She described preliminary study results at a food meeting last week. Having promised the families anonymity, she didn't show the tapes. For $50 and free groceries, families agreed to be filmed. Their kitchens looked clean and presumably(perhaps) they were on their best behavior, but they didn't know it was a safety study. Hoping to see real-life hygiene, scientists called the experiment "market research" on how people cooked a special recipe. Scientists bought ingredients for a salad plus either Mexican meat loaf, marinaded halibut or herb-breaded chicken breasts with mustard sauce---recipes designed to catch safety slip-ups. Cameras started rolling as the cooks put away the groceries. There was mistake No. 1: Only a quarter stored raw meat and seafood on the refrigerator's bottom shelf so other foods don't get contaminated by dripping juices. Mistake No. 2: Before starting to cook, only 45 percent washed their hands. Of those, 16 percent didn't use soap. You're supposed to wash hands often while cooking, especially after handling raw meat. But on average, each cook skipped seven times that Anderson said they should have washed. Only a third consistently used soap---many just rinsed and wiped their hands on a dish towel. That dish towel became Anderson's nightmare. Using paper towels to clean up raw meat juice is safest. But dozens wiped the countertop with that cloth dish towel---further spreading germs the next time they dried their hands. Thirty percent didn't wash the lettuce; others placed salad ingredients on meat-contaminated counters. Scientists checked the finished meal with thermometers, and Anderson found "alarming" results: 35 percent who made the meat loaf undercooked it, 42 percent undercooked the chicken and 17 percent undercooked the fish. Must you use a thermometer? Anderson says just because the meat isn't pink doesn't always mean it got hot enough to kill bacteria. Anderson's study found gaps in food-safety campaigns. FDA's "Fight Bac" antibacterial program doesn't stress washing vegetables. Levy calls those dirty dish towels troubling; expect more advice stressing paper towels. Anderson's main message: "If people would simply wash their hands and clean food surfaces after handling raw meat, so many of the errors would be taken care of." What prevents many Americans practicing better food safety in their kitchen? | [
"They don't trust the Food and Drug Administration.",
"They've followed basic bacteria-fighting tips on the Internet.",
"They think they are being careful enough already.",
"They believe they are well-informed and well-educated enough."
] | C. They think they are being careful enough already. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_26827 | How would you like to brush a crocodile's teeth? Or give a shark a bath? Cats are well-known for the way they keep themselves clean by licking , but other animals have their own ways to stay clean as well. And tidiness can be important for their survival. Even cockroaches have to keep their feelers clean to help them into food. Many animals in the wild, such as deer, wolves and bears, have an automatic cleaning system. Insects like to attach themselves to animals to feed on the skin or blood. These parasites can be unhealthy. But their "host" animals are constantly dropping skin and fur by a natural process. They also like to rub up against trees or rocks to comfort themselves, and this removes additional skin and fur. Along with old fur goes the dirt and parasites living in the fur. While these animals may sometimes take a bath when they enter or cross a river or lake, they don't need the water to stay clean. They don't get sweaty, because they don't have sweat glands all over their bodies the way people do. Growing new skin and fur is enough to keep them clean. Some animals and birds use dust to get clean. Chinchillas, a kind of small animal that lives in the mountains of South America, have a very fine fur. (They are raised for their fur, in fact.) If they took water baths, they might get too cold. So, instead, they roll around in fine dust, raising quite a cloud as they "bathe". The dust helps to keep their fur and skin dry. This protects them from bacteria and parasites that enjoy warm and wet places. And the fine dust doesn't stick in their fur for long. It falls off or blows away. As for lions and tigers, their rough tongues act like combs and can remove dirt and loose fur. Why is it important for them to stay clean and smooth? It helps them stay cool in very hot summer or feel warm in cold winter. According to the passage, such animals as deer, wolves and bears clean themselves by_. | [
"living with parasites",
"replacing their skin and fur naturally",
"climbing trees or rocks",
"having a bath in a river or lake"
] | B. replacing their skin and fur naturally | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_45370 | Suppose you are reading a book. Suppose, too, you suddenly close your eyes. Can you still see the book? "Of course not," you will say. But can you tell why? You would probably say, "When I close my eyes my eyesight cannot get out of my eyes to get to the book. " But this explanation is wrong. You cannot see any object unless light from that object gets into your eyes. Some of the things you see give off light of their own. The sun, the stars, a lighted lamp are examples of that can be seen by their own light. Such things are luminous. Most of the things you see are not giving off light of their own. They are simply reflecting light that falls on them from the sun or some other luminous body. The moon, for example, does not give off any light of its own. It is non-luminous. You see it because sunlight falls on it and some of it reflects in your direction. So moonlight is only second-hand sunlight. When you look at a book, it sends to your eyes some of the light which falls on it, and you see the book. If light could be kept out from where you are so that there would be no light for the book to reflect, then you could not see the book even with your eyes wide open. Light travels so fast that the time in which it travels from the book you are reading to your eyes is so short as if there were no time at all. Light reaches us from the moon, which is about 380,000 kilometres away, in only a little more than a second. Light travels about _ kilometres per second. | [
"380,000",
"300,000",
"400,000",
"190,000"
] | B. 300,000 | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_631 | Agnes learned that the brain, spinal cord, and nerves work together. What do they combine to form? | [
"a cell",
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"a system"
] | D. a system | arc_challenge |
aquarat_37480 | If 100 microns = 1 decimeter, and 1,000angstroms = 1 decimeter, how many angstroms equal 1 micron? | [
"1.0e-05",
"0.0001",
"10",
"10,000",
"100,000"
] | C. 10 | aquarat |
arc_easy_472 | Over a long period of time, a rocky volcanic island that previously did not support any form of life got transformed into a dense forested region. Which of these species is most likely to have been the pioneer species that initiated this transformation? | [
"ferns",
"grasses",
"lichens",
"mushrooms"
] | C. lichens | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_92760 | The primary reason that plants are important for an ecosystem is because they | [
"provide energy for consumers.",
"depend on other organisms for shelter.",
"break down dead animal matter.",
"consume nutrients for energy."
] | A. provide energy for consumers. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_25101 | A 14 meter long wire is cut into two pieces. If the longer piece is then used to form a perimeter of a square, what is the probability that the area of the square will be more than 4 if the original wire was cut at an arbitrary point? | [
"5/14",
"3/14",
"8/21",
"6/7",
"2/5"
] | D. 6/7 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_52845 | A new satellite is travelling 1.5 million kilometers over a 110-day period to enter an orbit of the sun. It is called DSCOVR--the Deep Space Climate Observatory. It will replace a satellite that has been observing space weather. DSCOVR will begin its work during the worst of the 11-year-long solar cycle. This is a time when extreme weather on the sun can have the greatest effect on planet Earth. DSCOVR will gather information about a continuing flow of particles from the sun. We are protected from these particles by the Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere. But we are not fully protected from what scientists call Coronal Mass Ejections. These are strong storms that can happen on the sun's surface. Thomas Berger is the director of the Space Weather Prediction Center at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA. He says these ejections are much more dangerous than solar particles. He says the Coronal Mass Ejections are extremely large magnetic clouds that are expelled from the sun at extremely high speeds. He says when they impact Earth, it is like a hurricane impacting Earth in terms of space weather. Violent space weather can make electric systems stop working. It can block satellite signals to Earth. It can interfere with radio signals and air travel. Mr. Berger says we cannot stop the ejections from affecting us, but we can prepare for them if we know when they will happen. When the DSCOVR satellite records an ejection, it will release a warning. Mr. Berger says the warning will provide NOAA about 15 to 60 minutes to let people know that a very strong storm is coming in to the Earth. He says that is enough time for power grid operators to take protective action. He says it is also enough time for workers to place satellites on a safe operating method if necessary. Mr. Berger says scientists would like even more time, of course. He says researchers are developing instruments that will give an earlier warning. The warnings from DSCOVR will be for the whole planet. But Mr. Berger says a new system may be able to give more-targeted warnings. He says future models will be able to tell exactly what part of the world will be more at risk from a solar storm. That means that, for the first time, humans will get both a warning that a magnetic storm is heading towards Earth and information about where it is likely to hit. How much time do people have to make preparations for the ejections _ ? | [
"more than 60 minutes",
"less than 60 minutes",
"about half an hour",
"between 15 and 60 minutes"
] | D. between 15 and 60 minutes | mmlu_train |
aquarat_48419 | A rectangular lawn 55m by 35m has two roads each 4m wide running in the middle of it. One parallel to the length and the other parallel to breadth. The cost of graveling the roads at 75 paise per sq meter is? | [
"rs.259",
"rs.252",
"rs.258",
"rs.251",
"rs.252"
] | C. rs.258 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_11243 | A towering South American plant that is believed to kill animals with its spikes and use their rotting bodies as fertilizer is about to bloom in England. A rare Puya chilensis was planted at a greenhouse in Surrey, a county in the southeast of England about 15 years ago. However, despite its frightening description, the tall, spiked plant is considered a threatened species. The Royal Horticultural Society has been feeding the plant a diet of liquid fertilizer. "In its natural habitat in the Andes it uses its razor sharp spikes to _ and trap sheep and other animals, which slowly starve to death and rot at the base of the plant, providing it with a bag of fertilizer," reads a description on the RHS website, which adds that the plant gives off a "gruesome scent." But does the plant actually trap and eat sheep? Other sources have simply said it is "believed" that the plant traps small animals with its spikes. After the animals die of starvation, the plant is "believed" to then use their rotting bodies as fertilizer to feed itself. "I'm really pleased that we've finally persuaded our Puya chilensis into producing flower," horticulturalist Cara Smith said in a press release on the RHS site. Regardless of whether it actually traps sheep, the plant does have sharp spikes that can grow up to 12 feet high and 5 feet wide. However, it's not all death and danger for this plant. Its flowery blooms reportedly provide nectar for bees and birds. The Puya chilensis blooms annually in its native land of Chile, but this is the first time it has done so after more than a decade of cultivation efforts from the RHS. "We keep it well fed with liquid fertilizer as feeding it on its natural diet might prove a bit problematic," Smith said. "It's growing in the dry section of our glasshouse with its deadly spines well out of reach of both children and sheep alike." We can infer from the passage that _ . | [
"it's dangerous to feed the plant",
"it's certain that the plant kills sheep",
"it's difficult for the plant to bloom in England",
"it's rare for the plant to bloom in South American"
] | C. it's difficult for the plant to bloom in England | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_85185 | Read the instructions of the medicine before you take your choices. Adults : 2 tablespoonfuls Children: according to age 10----14 years 4 teaspoonfuls 5----10years 2 teaspoonfuls 3----6 years I teaspoonful Repeat above doses every 1/2 hour to 1 hour if needed until 8 dose are taken. If you do not get better within two days, see a doctor. SHAKE WELLBEFORE USING. What should you do if the medicine doesn't work? | [
"Change it for some better medicine",
"See a doctor",
"Stop taking it",
"Take more"
] | B. See a doctor | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_76274 | Everyone knows that chickens lay eggs . Most people know that all the other birds do as well. But have you ever thought about other animals that lay eggs? They include bees, snakes and some sea animals. When a mother lays eggs, many more babies can be born at once, or in a few days, because there is very little development inside the parent. Animals that do not lay eggs often have fewer babies. Animals lay many eggs because other animals may eat the babies. However, even though some of their babies are eaten, they will still have some more to continue their family. Some animals that lay eggs do not take care of their young. Turtles come onto the beach and dig holes. Then they put their eggs in the sand and leave. A turtle mother can lay as many as 150 eggs. When the babies come out of the eggs, they must find their own way to the ocean. They must learn how to live on their own. Many young turtles get eaten by other animals. Most eggs have an outside shell that keeps the growing animal inside safe. The egg shell also keeps the young animal from drying out. After the animal is fully developed, it comes out of the egg. The animal grows bigger and bigger. Then it can have its own young. Why do animals lay many eggs? | [
"Because other animals may eat their babies.",
"Because they use their eggs for food.",
"Because they want to have fewer babies.",
"Because they want to eat their babies."
] | A. Because other animals may eat their babies. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_27397 | Two trains of equal lengths take 10 sec and 15 sec respectively to cross a telegraph post. If the length of each train be 120 m, in what time will they cross other travelling in opposite direction? | [
"11",
"12",
"77",
"17",
"19"
] | B. 12 | aquarat |
arc_challenge_193 | Why can steam be used to cook food? | [
"Steam does work on objects.",
"Steam is a form of water.",
"Steam can transfer heat to cooler objects.",
"Steam is able to move through small spaces."
] | C. Steam can transfer heat to cooler objects. | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_96039 | To survive living things | [
"need money",
"need Pu",
"need H2O",
"need hunting skills"
] | C. need H2O | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_25456 | Thousands of students, from all around the world, have helped their international careers by taking EIS English studies at South Thames College London - STCL. You too can take our first-class EIS courses to learn, and live English in London @ STCL. 1. Our experience We have provided English for International Students EIS courses to people from around the world for 40 years. More than 1,000 students take our EIS courses each year, often after a recommendation from a friend or relative. Our teachers have worked in many countries; their experience will help you to develop international English communication skills. 2. A world in one college The College has students from more than 100 countries. When you study English with us, you will have the opportunity to meet not only UK students, but also people from all over the world. 3. _ The College's main purpose is to provide education and training for our local community. We have more than 20,000 students, on a range of academic, technical and vocational courses in addition to English language courses. All students can also use the facilities available at the college--library services, free Internet access, sports & more. You can join a range of leisure and social activities. 4. Assured quality STCL is a member of English UK, the national association of accredited English language centers. Our EIS courses meet the quality standards of Accreditation UK and are accredited by the British Council. 5. Our range of courses We have a wide range of courses designed to meet the needs of global citizens in an international environment. Our courses prepare you both for life in London - perhaps as a student - and for your future career, anywhere in the world. We help you improve your English so you can communicate more effectively - for study, work or socializing... Intensive courses meet UK immigration regulations for students. For information about out intensive English courses, click here. This passage is most likely to be found _ . | [
"in a school report",
"on the Internet",
"in a textbook",
"in the newspaper"
] | B. on the Internet | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_951 | The number of squirrels in a certain ecosystem changes over time. These changes can be represented as a number of connected data points. Which method would a student most likely use to show this information? | [
"pie chart",
"line graph",
"pictogram",
"data table"
] | B. line graph | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_62919 | Gateway Academy Pre-Sessional Courses Our pre-sessional courses are ideal for students who have a conditional place at a British university, but who need to achieve a certain level of English in order to be accepted. The course aims to provide students with the English language and study skills that they need in order to be successful at university or another academic establishment. It is important to note that completion of the course does not guarantee students' entrance into a university. It is necessary for students to show during the course that they have understood the information and skills that they have been taught, and can apply them to their work. Pre-sessional students at Gateway Academy will benefit from: * Small class sizes (no more than 10 students per class) * Twenty three hours of tuition per week * Individual support and tutorials * Regular guest lecturers * The use of the Academy's study and recreational facilities, including the Language Library, the computer suite, and the academy's sports facilities. * A varied social programme including evening entertainments and weekend excursions to popular tourist attractions and cities such as Stonehenge, Oxford and Stratford-on-Avon. The course offers an all-around approach to learning, and covers reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. During the course, students will receive instruction on important techniques such as summary-writing, analysing essay titles, organising writing, note-taking in lectures, giving seminars and making presentations. Students will gain experience in working both individually and in groups. As part of the course, all students will work towards a 5000-word project in their own field of study. Students will receive guidance from their tutors on how best to conduct research and write it up effectively. Students will also work towards a presentation on the same subject. There is no final examination. The attendance, successful completion of assignments and participation in class will be taken into account. Students will be given a full report on their progress at the end of the course. Students need to be aware that the course involves a great deal of coursework, which will require students to manage their time effectively. From the passage we can learn that _ . | [
"the course is suitable for students of all levels",
"the course will ensure your success at university",
"you can't go to university without taking the course",
"the course emphasizes the application of skills"
] | D. the course emphasizes the application of skills | mmlu_train |
aquarat_37216 | If n is a prime number greater than 5, what is the remainder when n^2 is divided by 12 ? | [
"0",
"1",
"2",
"3",
"5"
] | B. 1 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_93939 | How does a student best avoid becoming dehydrated during a field investigation on a hot day? | [
"drink water from a bottle",
"wear a wide-brimmed hat",
"drink a lot before leaving school",
"drink from a clear running stream"
] | A. drink water from a bottle | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_92950 | Plants make sugars in the presence of sunlight in a process called photosynthesis. What form of carbon do the plants take in for this process? | [
"glucose molecule",
"carbon dioxide",
"single carbon atoms",
"complex organic compounds"
] | B. carbon dioxide | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_6757 | Physical fitness refers to good health, and is the result of regular exercise, proper diet and nutrition, and proper rest for physical recovery. A person who is physically fit will be able to walk or run without getting breathless and he or she will be able to carry out the activities of everyday living and will not need help. How much each person can do will depend on their age and whether they are a man or woman. A physically fit person usually has a normal weight for height. The relation between height and weight is called the Body Mass Index. A taller person can be heavier and still be fit. If a person is too heavy or too thin for the height it may affect the health. Mental health refers to a person's emotional and psychological well-being. "A state of emotional and psychological well-being in which an individual is able to use his or her thinking and emotional(feeling) abilities, function in society, and meet the ordinary demands of everyday life." One way to think about mental health is by looking at how well a person functions. Feeling capable and efficient, being able to handle normal levels of stress, having good friends and family, and leading an independent life, and being able to "bounce back" or recovering from hardships, are all signs of mental health. Public Health refers to trying to stop a disease that is unhealthy to the community, and does not help in long life or promote your health. This is fixed by organized efforts and choices of society, public and private clubs, communities and individuals. It is about the health of many people, or everybody, rather than one person. Public health stops instead of encouraging a disease through surveillance of cases. To prevent being sick, it is good to do healthy behaviors, such as hand washing, vaccination programs and so on. When infectious diseases break out, washing hands may be especially important. What is the best title of the passage? | [
"Three healthy Lives",
"Importance of Health",
"Something about Health",
"Physical, Mental and Public Health"
] | D. Physical, Mental and Public Health | mmlu_train |
aquarat_41292 | A cylindrical water filter is filled with water at a rate of 11 cubic meters per hour, the level of water in the filter rises at a rate of 0.4 meters per hour. Which of the following best approximates the radius of the filter in meters? | [
"β10/2",
"β10",
"4.183",
"5",
"10"
] | C. 4.183 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_39335 | Beyond two or three days, the world's best weather forecasts are doubtful, and beyond six or seven they are worthless. The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather--to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and blizzards --any prediction becomes worse rapidly. Errors and uncertainties increase, from dust devils and storms up to continent-size eddies that only satellites can see. The modern weather models work with net-like points sixty miles apart, and even so, some starting data have to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors placed one foot apart, rising at one-foot intervals all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature, pressure, humidity , and any other data a weatherman would want. Exactly at noon a powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03... the computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton will have sun or rain one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will hide fluctuations that the computer will not know about. By 12.01, those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have added to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe. Our computer will not be able to know about fluctuations because _ . | [
"the sensors are not good enough",
"they are hidden by the spaces between the sensors",
"they are too far away",
"they move very fast"
] | B. they are hidden by the spaces between the sensors | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_44553 | A portable lung which could help those with breathing problems lead a normal life is being developed by scientists. The Swansea University scientists say it could take many years before the device , the size of a spectacle box , is available . Lung patients , who have seen how it would work , have welcomed the research. Its research suggests that one person in every seven in the UK is affected by lung disease---- this equates to approximately 8 million people. As of 6 March 2009, 217 people were on the waiting list for a lung transplant according to figures by NHS Blood and Transplant . Now scientists in Swansea are developing a portable artificial lung which could transform the lives of patients . Researchers claim that in the long term the device could offer an alternative to lung transplant , giving hope to those who suffer from conditions such as emphysema and cystic fibrosis. The device mimics the function of a lung---by getting oxygen into and carbon dioxide out of the blood stream . Professor Bill Johns came up with the idea after his son died of Cystic Fibrosis . It is important that we make something that will help people , who instead of being confined to a wheelchair with an oxygen bottle , can actually walk around and do things for themselves , he said. Although the research has been welcomed by leading charities , caution has also been voiced over the length of time it will take before a portable lung will become available . "We have to stress that this is several years away from being used , even in a trial stage," said Chris Mulholland , head of the British Lung Foundation. Patient Elizabeth Spence from Swansea has been refused the double lung transplant she needs but remains hopeful that one day the new device could save her . " My body will reject the lungs , so this possibly could be an answer--- another way of getting new lungs without actually having the transplant," she said. Which of the following about the portable lung would the author agree? | [
"It can help a lot in lung transplants",
"It was once on display",
"It works differently from the normal one in the body",
"It's just like an oxygen bottle."
] | B. It was once on display | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_16713 | Millions of people are using cell phones today.In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one.In many countries,cell phones are very popular with young people.They find that the phones are more than a means of communication--having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected. The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones.In England,there has been a serious debate about this issue.Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas.They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health. On the other hand,why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones?Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be _ with modern scanning equipment.In one case,a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn't remember even simple tasks.He would often forget the name of his own son.This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day,every day of his working week,for a couple of years.His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use,but his employer's doctor didn't agree. What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful?The answer is radiation.Hightech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones.Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation.But they say the amount is too small to worry about. As the discussion about their safety continues,it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often.Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time.Use your mobile phone only when you really need it.Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient,especially in emergencies.In the future,mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health.So for now,it's wise not to use your mobile phone too often. The salesman retired young because _ . | [
"he disliked using mobile phones",
"he couldn't remember simple tasks",
"he was tired of talking on his mobile phone",
"his employer's doctor persuaded him to"
] | B. he couldn't remember simple tasks | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_5253 | Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital. Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special children's hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher--and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games. Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as "the library lady" or just "the helper". Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can. Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed. It can be inferred from the latest survey that _ . | [
"hospital teaching across the country is similar",
"each hospital has at least one part-time teacher",
"all hospitals surveyed offer education to children",
"only one-fourth of the hospital have full-time teacher"
] | D. only one-fourth of the hospital have full-time teacher | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_22699 | Everyone has those nights-you lie in your bed for hours, tossing and turning, totally unable to fall asleep. You wish you could just turn your brain off as if it were a light. That would make things much easier, wouldn't it? Now it looks like you are one step closer to this wild dream of yours-scientists from Oxford University, UK have just discovered the "switch" that tells the brain to go to sleep, reported Forbes. To understand the study, you first need to know that there are two mechanisms that regulate sleep. There's one that we're already familiar with --our body clock, which works in a 24-hour cycle based on the light changes throughout the day. The other one is what scientists call the sleep "homeostat ". This mechanism has nothing to do with daylight. Instead, it keeps track of the brain's waking hours and urges it to rest if it has been awake for a long time. "It is similar to the thermostat in your home. A thermostat measures temperature and switches on the heating if it's too cold," Professor Gero Miesenbock, who led the study, told The Telegraph. Our bodies use both of the mechanisms to regulate sleep. "The body clock says it's the right time, and the sleep thermostat has built up pressure during a long waking day," explained Miesenbock. There is no way that scientists can trick the body clock. But with the sleep homeostat, there might be something they can do. The researchers found that the sleep homeostat works by activating a specific group of nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain. They tested their theory on fruit flies by removing the neurons from the insects' brains. And as expected, they found that the flies without the homeostat neurons did not keep a regular sleep pattern anymore. Now that scientists have pinpointed the exact place in the brain-- or, the "switch"--that regulates sleep, they can begin investigating how to activate these cells at any given time so that people can be sent to sleep instantly. More importantly, figuring out how sleep mechanisms work may also help us to one day one of the oldest mysteries of all: why do we need to sleep in the first place? How does the author explain the function of the sleep homeostat? | [
"Through examples.",
"With comparisons.",
"Through cause and effect analysis.",
"By presenting research findings."
] | B. With comparisons. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_99260 | If you missed the rising moon today you will have to wait till when to see it again | [
"30 years",
"10 months",
"10 minutes",
"24 hours"
] | D. 24 hours | mmlu_train |
aquarat_47355 | Vishal and Raghu jointly started a business. Vishal invested three times as Raghu did and invested his money for double time as compared to Raghu. Raghu earned Rs. 4000. If the gain is proportional to the money invested and the time for which the money is invested then the total gain was ? | [
"Rs. 28,000",
"Rs. 18,000",
"Rs. 14,000",
"Rs. 8,000",
"None of these"
] | A. Rs. 28,000 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_42556 | For more than 40 years, scientists have sought to learn how well human beings can adapt to long periods in space. The International Space Station continues to provide valuable knowledge about spaceflight. But an earlier space station, Skylab, helped make the current space project possible. Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield sang aboard the International Space Station on May 12, 2013. His music video has become extremely popular. The astronaut played his own version of David Bowie's song Space Oddity. He performed while floating weightlessly, with images of planet earth and space appearing in the window behind him. Chris Hadfield recently returned home after nearly five months on the space station. For him, the long flight produced a hit video on YouTube and no major physical problems. But 40 years ago, scientists did not know how humans would react to long-term spaceflight. To find out, NASA, the American space agency, launched Skylab in May, 1973. Over nearly a year, three teams of astronauts visited Skylab for stays of between 28 to 84 days. They learned how people react to extended periods in space. Gerald Carr commanded Skylab 4. He spoke at a NASA event marking the 40th anniversary of Skylab's launch. He said that the loss of the body's muscle mass was a main concern. Astronauts on Skylab used exercise equipment to stay strong. The astronauts spent their workdays carrying out experiments, including biomedical research. Marshall Porterfield is the director of NASA's Space Life and Physical Sciences Division. He says the Skylab astronauts' understanding of their own ability to deal with long-term spaceflight continues to help current astronauts. NASA says the next step for life away from Earth is a year-long space station mission, set for 2015. For what purpose did NASA launch Skylab? | [
"To research on whether human beings could stay in space.",
"To gather up information on setting up a space station.",
"To study the changes in the body when staying long in space.",
"To find out the possibility of doing experiments in space."
] | C. To study the changes in the body when staying long in space. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1305 | Water is often put through a treatment system before it is used in homes as drinking water. Which is the most likely reason water is treated before people drink it? | [
"to remove harmful substances",
"to add color",
"to increase its supply",
"to decrease its temperature"
] | A. to remove harmful substances | arc_easy |
aquarat_18411 | A man can do a piece of work in 5days, but with the help of his son, he can do it in 3 days. In what time can the son do it alone? | [
"13/2",
"7",
"15/2",
"8",
"9"
] | C. 15/2 | aquarat |
aquarat_15035 | A dishonest dealer professes to sell goods at the cost price but uses a false weight and gains 25%. Find his false weight age? | [
"2288",
"276",
"800",
"288",
"277"
] | C. 800 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_4565 | Which is an example of a decomposer? | [
"a hawk",
"a mouse",
"a flower",
"a mushroom"
] | D. a mushroom | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_29393 | Moods, say the experts, are feelings that tend to become fixed, influencing one's outlook for hours, days or even weeks. That's great if your mood is a pleasant one, but a problem if you are sad, anxious, angry or simply lonely. Perhaps the best way to deal with such moods is to talk them out; sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modern pharmacology offers a lot of tranquilizers What many people don't realize, however, is that scientists have discovered the effectiveness of several non-drug methods to set you loose from an unwanted mood. These can be just as useful as drugs, and have the added benefit of being nonpoisonous. So next time you _ don't head for the drug-store but try the following methods. Of all the mood-altering self-help techniques, aerobic exercise seems to be the most efficient cure for a bad mood. "If you could keep up the exercise, you'd be in high spirits, " says Kathryn Lance, author of Running for Health and Beauty. Researchers have explained biochemical and various other changes that make exercise compare favourably to drugs as a mood raiser. Physical exertion such as housework, however, does little. The key is aerobic exercise--running, cycling, walking, swimming or other repetitive and sustained activities that increase the heart rate, increase blood circulation and improve the body's use of oxygen. Do some of the activities for at least 20 minutes a session three to five times a week. What is the main subject discussed in the passage? | [
"How to beat a bad mood.",
"How to talk bad moods out.",
"How to do physical exercises.",
"How to join in aerobic exercises."
] | A. How to beat a bad mood. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_40374 | Sabina Castelfrancol Rome October 16, 2011---The U.N. World Food program says there are growing concerns over food insecurity in the developing world. Some of those concerns are discussed in a report to agree with the anniversary Sunday of World Food Day. The theme for World Food Day 2011 is "Food prices-From Crisis to Stability". A ceremony to mark World Food Day will be held Monday at the headquarters of the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome. Rising food prices, weather emergencies and political instability are deepening the struggle of families trying to provide for their households in many developing nations. This year's "State of Food In security in the World" report, published last week, focuses on the impact of food price _ confirming that high, unpredictable prices are likely to continue. The report highlighted how poor consumers, small farmers and countries dependent on imports, especially in Africa, have been deeply affected by the food and economic crises. Gregory Barrow is with the World Food Program in Rome. "if you look at the places where World Food program works particularly in developing countries, you see populations of people who might be spending 60,70,80percent of their salaries on purchasing food for their families". Barrow added that if prices become changeful and generally start rising, even by a small amount, it means that many of these people are going to struggle to put nutritious food on their tables. The report also showed that even short-term fluctuations in prices can have a long-term effect on development, and that cutting back on nutritious food in the first 1.000 days of a child's life can affect mental and physical development and finally, future earning capacity . The United Nations has programs in place aimed at reducing the number of hungry people by one-half by 2015.But most observers agree this target is unlikely to be reached. The attitude of Barrow towards food prices is _ . | [
"concerned",
"supportive",
"disappointed",
"interested"
] | A. concerned | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1944 | What best describes the mantle of Earth? | [
"a thin layer that is located on the surface",
"a solid layer made of iron and nickel",
"the largest layer between the crust and outer core",
"the smallest layer that is made up of molten rock"
] | C. the largest layer between the crust and outer core | arc_easy |
arc_easy_558 | When too much salt is detected in the bloodstream, the brain secretes a hormone that helps the body retain water by reducing the amount of urine produced. This is an example of | [
"a feedback loop.",
"an acquired trait.",
"a balanced ecosystem.",
"a symbiotic relationship."
] | A. a feedback loop. | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1064 | Colored alcohol is used in some glass thermometers. When placed in air of different temperatures, the column of alcohol rises or falls in the glass thermometer. Which of the following best explains why the height of the alcohol column changes? | [
"The glass contracts when heated.",
"The alcohol contracts when heated.",
"The glass expands more than the alcohol when heated.",
"The alcohol expands more than the glass when heated."
] | D. The alcohol expands more than the glass when heated. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_43108 | Targeting teens Using the web makes teens a target. Posting too much personal information for those millions of cyber eyes to see can cause some big problems and can even invite a threat to your life. As Mary learned, not everyone on the Internet is who he or she says they are. Adults will sometimes pose as other teens, posting fake photos and nice messages to gain trust. They use their fake identity to access the personal information of others, such as home address, phone number, or school name. "That's not the most common scenario ," says David Finkelhor, a sociology professor at the University of New Hampshire. "Only 3 percent of teens aged 10 to 18 who use the Internet report being asked to meet offline. But the danger is real." Safety measures Mary's Myspace profile is set to "private", which means that only the people she adds under the "friend" category can access her page. She also doesn't have any pictures of herself on her site. The only self-identifying material she has posted is her name, grade, and a list of hobbies. Stay safe and have fun online Experts say almost 90 percent of U.S. teens are online. But not everyone knows how to surf the web in a smart way. With these tips, you can have fun, stay safe, and avoid embarrassment! *Pick a safe password. Make sure your password is something that other people won't be able to guess. *Pick a safe username. Make sure yours doesn't say too much about you, "Happy girl 13" is better than "Alice Waters 13". Don't include your name, age, or where you are from. Never tell a stranger your name, school, address, age, birthday, phone number, or friends' name. In Mary's opinion, _ . | [
"one shouldn't trust everyone online",
"one shouldn't trust anyone online",
"there are many liars online",
"all people online pretend to be others"
] | A. one shouldn't trust everyone online | mmlu_train |
aquarat_11861 | There were totally 100 men.84 are married.75 have T.V, 85 have radio,70 have A.C. How many men have T.V, radio, A.C and also married? | [
"11",
"12",
"13",
"14",
"15"
] | D. 14 | aquarat |
aquarat_44990 | If Tim had lunch at $50.50 and he gave 20% tip, how much did he spend? | [
"$30.60",
"$60.60",
"$70.60",
"$40.60",
"$50.60"
] | B. $60.60 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_33563 | Many people don't realize the importance of music education in the schools today.A new study showed, however, music education is extremely important. In college, music education is one of the largest programs.Teachers have to learn general education materials and techniques. They must learn to play every instrument; they must learn music history and music theory; they must learn instrument repair and teaching methods; they must learn conducting and so much more.At the same time, much of our culture and tradition is absorbed in music. Music plays a very important role in our education. Music helps with math and science. Students learn to count, and how to multiply and divide.Students also use science to help them discover what sounds good together and what doesn't.Students also need science to understand something called the "overtone series", which is about how music is produced by vibration and why. Students learn a lot about languages through music.Many songs are written in other languages, including ancient ones.Students must learn to translate these works to understand what they are singing about. A song is likely to be a famous short work set to music; so students are exposed to that very often while singing. Students learn a huge amount of cooperation of body parts through music, so parts of the body can work better together.Students must use motor skills in order to play an instrument.Singers and wind players must learn breath control and be in good shape to play. Students learn about art. Some famous pieces were written about important pieces of art, and students learn about the artists and styles as they're playing the music. Music education also brings higher thinking to our children.It allows them to think about complex patterns.Students have to be aware of what every other musician does at every time.In that way, it develops cooperation, as well.They tend to develop more ability for learning. As one can see, music is very important to education. According to the passage, learning music in college will be quite _ . | [
"easy",
"stressful",
"attractive",
"useless"
] | B. stressful | mmlu_train |
aquarat_26577 | If the average (arithmetic mean) of x, x + 2, and x + 4 is 93, what is the value of x? | [
"95",
"91",
"102",
"101",
"85"
] | B. 91 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_30315 | Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on the top of a mountain.Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes,so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. Studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight.Doctor Florian Lippl in Germany wondered how the mountain air would affect _ individuals if they weren't doing any more physical activity than usual. Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 obese men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit of Zugspitze, mountain around 2, meters near the Austrian border.2,970 This was no hiking expedition. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. men also gave The blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and obesity.At the end of the week, men, the whose weight starting out was 105 kilograms, had lost about 1.5 kg on average.The men's blood pressure also dropped,which the researchers owed to weight lost. Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain.Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes, and indeed the men ate significantly less than usua!--about 700 calories fewer per day. Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key,notes Damian Bailey,a physiologist, who himself recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile. Unfortunately,for the average person there's no treatment that can resemble living at high altitudes, says Lippl.He says,half-jokingly, obese people plan their holidays,they might not "If go to the sea,but maybe to the mountains." Hormones were tested in the research because they could affect _ . | [
"one's body weight",
"one's blood pressure",
"one's way of living",
"one's heart-beating rate"
] | A. one's body weight | mmlu_train |
aquarat_3585 | In what time will a train 320 m long cross an electric pole, it its speed be 144 km/hr? | [
"2.5 sec",
"8.0 sec",
"3.5 sec",
"2.9 sec",
"9.5 sec"
] | B. 8.0 sec | aquarat |
aquarat_5193 | In some quantity of ghee, 60% of pure ghee and 40% of is vanaspati. If 10kg of pure ghee is added, then the strength of vanaspati ghee becomes 20%. The original quantity was? | [
"5kg",
"10kg",
"15kg",
"20kg",
"25kg"
] | B. 10kg | aquarat |
aquarat_618 | A batch of cookies was divided amomg 3 tins: 2/3 of all the cookies were placed in either the blue or the green tin, and the rest were placed in the red tin. If 1/5 of all the cookies were placed in the blue tin, what fraction of the cookies that were placed in the other tins were placed in the green tin | [
"21/31",
"9/4",
"5/9",
"7/5",
"9/7"
] | A. 21/31 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_63647 | They found that young people who often use social media are more likely to suffer from sleep disorders than those who use social media less. The researchers set out to examine the connection between social media use and sleep among young adults. Levenson, who led the study, noticed that these young adults are possibly the first "generation to grow up with social media." The researchers wanted to find out how often young people used social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, Histogram, etc. For the study, they gave questionnaires to nearly 1,800 adults, aged 19 to 32. On average, members of the study group used social media sites one hour a day. They also "visited various social media accounts 30 times per week." Thirty percent of the study's participants reported having serious problems with sleeping. Those people who used social media a lot were three times more likely to have a sleep disorder. And those who spent the most time on social media were two times as likely to suffer from sleep disorders. Levenson said the number of times a person visits social media is a better predictor of sleep problems than overall time spent on social media. If this is true, she adds, then practices that stop such behaviors may be most effective. What is the passage mainly about? | [
"How should young adults use social media correctly?",
"Social media is keeping young adults awake.",
"Social media have great effects on young adults.",
"How should young adults have a good sleep?"
] | B. Social media is keeping young adults awake. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_97715 | if a person gets a shock from a faulty system, which of these surfaces were likely touched? | [
"a paper lined surface",
"a steel lined one",
"a wood lined one",
"a cotton line surface"
] | B. a steel lined one | mmlu_train |
aquarat_19244 | A courtyard is 28 meter long and 13 meter board is to be paved with bricks of dimensions 22 cm by 12 cm. The total number of bricks required is : | [
"16000",
"14567",
"13787",
"13456",
"None of these"
] | C. 13787 | aquarat |
aquarat_15394 | A train 600 m long passed a pole in 12 sec. How long will it take to pass a platform 450 m long? | [
"19",
"20",
"21",
"22",
"23"
] | C. 21 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_85982 | Today there are 6.4 billion people on the earth. By the year 2050 there may be 12.5 billion . There are a lot of people to feed. We need more and more food. One way to produce more food is growing stronger plants. For thousands of years, farmers have made plants better. Every season, they pick the best plants for the next season. It works very slowly. Since 1983, scientists have been able to change plants more quickly by changing their genetic material. Foods from plants grown in this way are called genetically modified foods, or GM foods By changing the genetic material of a plant, it is possible to make new plants. They make plants which are strong against plant diseases. They can also help in our diseases; a kind of rice is being prepared , for example , which stops people becoming blind. Rich countries produce GM foods because they are easy to grow and bring in more money. Poor countries are interested in them because they help produce more food. GM plants are not natural. No one knows how good or bad they are,. Making GM foods is only one way of feeding people in 2050. There are strong feelings against them, because they are unnatural. They may feed people , then hurt them or their children later. But both rich and poor countries are interested in their use, and they are not going to go away. In 2050, we may think differently about them. Why do some people not like GM foods? | [
"They are not useful.",
"They are not helpful.",
"They are not natural.",
"They are not cheap."
] | C. They are not natural. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_50649 | A board game is a game played on a pre-marked surface or "board" according to a set of rules. Board games have been played in most cultures and societies throughout history. Do you think of yourself as a bit of an expert at board games like chess or Go? Maybe you're not quite as good as you think. New research from the University of Manchester and Oxford suggests complex games like these are impossible to learn fully. They may even be too complex for the human mind to understand. Researchers studied two-player games, to try and understand the strategies which people use to make decisions during the game. Some games with two players are simple, with only a small number of possible moves. Players can quickly work out the best strategy but that means the game soon becomes boring. It gets more interesting when there are many possible moves. That's why people are so fascinated by complex board games like chess or Go, or some card games. But what the researchers found was that with difficult games, players find it hard to work out the best strategy and their actions become less reasonable. This research is part of the field called game theory: the study of human strategic decision-making. Much thinking on how people play complex games is based on something called "the balance point", which is when players have a perfect knowledge of what they are going to do and of what their rivals are going to do. When you add more than two players then of course the game becomes even harder to understand. Trading on the stock market is an example of a complex multi-player game. Which of the following games belongs to board games? | [
"football",
"badminton",
"swimming",
"Mahjong"
] | D. Mahjong | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_63401 | Every fall, like clockwork, Linda Krentz of Beaverton, Oregon, felt her brain go on strike. "I just couldn't get going in the morning," she says. "I'd get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose them again in the spring." Then she read about seasonal affective disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and she saw the light literally. Every morning now she turns on a specially constructed light box for half an hour and sits in front of it to trick her brain into thinking it's still enjoying those long summer days. It seems to work. Krentz is not alone. Scientists estimate that 10 million Americans suffer from seasonal depression and 25 million more develop milder versions. But there's never been definitive proof that treatment with very bright lights makes a difference. After all, it's hard to do a double-blind test when the subjects can see for themselves whether or not the light is on. That's why nobody has ever separated the real effects of light therapy from placebo effects. Until now, in three separate studies published last month, researchers report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than in the evening. In two of the groups, the placebo problem was resolved by telling patients they were comparing light boxes to a new anti-depressant device that gives off negatively charged ions . The third used the timing of light therapy as the control. Why does light therapy work? No one really knows. "Our research suggests it has something to do with shifting the body's internal clock," says psychiatrist Dr. Lewey. The body is programmed to start the day with sunrise, he explains, and this gets later as the days get shorter. But why such subtle shifts make some people depressed and not others is a mystery. That hasn't stopped thousands of winter depressives from trying to heal themselves. Light boxes for that purpose are available without a doctor's prescription. That bothers psychologist Michael Terman of Columbia University. He is worried that the boxes may be tried by patients who suffer from mental illness that can't be treated with light. Terman has developed a questionnaire to help determine whether expert care is needed. In any event, you should choose a reputable manufacturer. Whatever product you use should give off only visible light, because ultraviolet light damages the eyes. If you are photosensitive , you may develop a rash. Otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. That's an inconvenience many winter depressives can live with. What is the CURRENT view concerning the treatment of seasonal depression with bright lights? | [
"Its effect remains to be seen.",
"It serves as a kind of placebo.",
"It proves to be an effective therapy.",
"It hardly produces any effects."
] | C. It proves to be an effective therapy. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_21313 | Beginning in October, more than 13,000 McDonald's restaurants in America will use a new variety of cooking oil. McDonald' s aims to make its French fries and other fried foods healthier. The change will not affect the taste or the number of calories in the food. But by changing the cooking oil, McDonald's says, it hopes to cut by nearly half the amount of _ in French fries and reduce the amount of saturated fats by 16 percent. Scientists believe that trans fatty acids and saturated fats raise cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease. McDonald's new step is important because McDonald's is an industry leader and other fast-food chains and food processors may follow the lead. For McDonald's ,the action comes at a time when Americans are becoming more and more concerned about; obesity and are increasing pressure on food companies to offer healthy and nutritious food to consumers. After three years of study, McDonald's officials say they are _ oil that is lower in saturated fats and trans fatty acids. McDonald's says the change will not cause higher price for consumers. Though there is some change, scientists say that the amount of trans fat in foods at McDonald's and at other fast-food companies is still important. The main idea of the passage is _ . | [
"McDonald's is a pioneer in food products",
"McDonald's is enlarging its restaurants in the world",
"fried foods can't keep up with the development of modem society",
"McDonald's is to use new cooking oil"
] | D. McDonald's is to use new cooking oil | mmlu_train |
aquarat_32656 | if {x+y}/{x-y}= 4/3 and xβ 0, then what percentage (to the nearest integer) of x+3y is xβ3y ? | [
"40%",
"30%",
"55%",
"36%",
"None of these"
] | A. 40% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_2250 | Which of the following has the least momentum? | [
"a 0.5 kg mass with a 1000 m/s velocity",
"a 1 kg mass with a 100 m/s velocity",
"a 10 kg mass with an 11 m/s velocity",
"a 100 kg mass with a 2 m/s velocity"
] | B. a 1 kg mass with a 100 m/s velocity | mmlu_train |
aquarat_12948 | If the simple interest on a sum of money for 2 years at 5% per annum is Rs. 56, what is the compound interest on the same sum at the rate and for the same time? | [
"s. 57.40",
"s. 57.22",
"s. 51.219",
"s. 56.18",
"s. 53.11"
] | A. s. 57.40 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_4757 | On a warm sunny afternoon, ocean water splashed onto a rock. A short time later, the rock was dry. Which statement best explains what happened to the water on the rock? | [
"Heat caused the water to become a gas.",
"Heat melted the water and it disappeared.",
"Salt caused the water to become a gas.",
"Salt melted the water and it disappeared."
] | A. Heat caused the water to become a gas. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_40165 | A fires 5 shots to B's 3 but A kills only once in 3 shots while B kills once in 2 shots. When B has missed 24 times, A has killed: | [
"27 birds",
"72 birds",
"30 birds",
"80 birds",
"20 birds"
] | A. 27 birds | aquarat |
mmlu_train_59479 | A Good Night's Steep Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout your life. While you're sleeping, your brain is forming new pathways to help you learn and remember information. Although we all know the importance of getting a good night's sleep, not all of us know the best way of getting it. A sleep expert, Phil Atherton, gave some top tips for getting the most out of the night, which will leave you ready for action in the morning. According to Phil Atherton, not eating a large meal before bedtime is important for getting a good night's sleep. The time difference between eating and sleeping should be at least three hours. So you'd better avoid eating any food three hours before bed, as it will lower your blood sugar during sleep and help minimize damage from too much sugar floating around. It's also important to find ways to prepare your body for sleep. You can follow a routine like trying not to expose yourself to too much artificial light within 1 hour before bed, as your brain uses light to help set internal "body clock". Although it might seem unnatural to schedule your sleep, the purpose is to send a signal to your body and mind that it's time to sleep. Another way to prepare your body for sleep is to get into a relaxed state by taking a bath or listening to soft music. Both of them will help to take the mind off the daytime pressures. Having a suitable bed, especially a suitable mattress , is necessary for a good night's sleep. Sleep is a personalized activity, and we all adopt different sleeping positions. Finding the mattress that suits you will reduce back pains that can result from a poor sleeping position. The bed should be four to six inches longer than its tallest user, allowing for space to move around. The recent research is pretty clear that a good night's sleep in a major component of good health. Since the start of the 21st century, studies have linked a lack of sleep to many diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. Taking action now will lead to long-term benefits for you and those around you. According to the author, before going to sleep, you'd better _ . | [
"free yourself from tension",
"check your blood sugar",
"relieve your pain in the back",
"record your biological clock"
] | A. free yourself from tension | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93108 | A ball is tossed up in the air and it comes back down. The ball comes back down because of | [
"gravity",
"friction",
"erosion",
"magnetism"
] | A. gravity | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1988 | How are droughts always different from floods? | [
"They have different locations.",
"They happen in different ecosystems.",
"They have different amounts of water.",
"They happen at different times of the year."
] | C. They have different amounts of water. | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1072 | Which adaptation allows a fish to get oxygen underwater? | [
"fins",
"lungs",
"gills",
"heart"
] | C. gills | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1411 | Which adaptation will warn predators not to eat an animal? | [
"bright colors",
"bulging eyes",
"geometric shapes",
"poisonous secretions"
] | A. bright colors | arc_easy |
aquarat_39891 | The probability that A speaks truth is 3/5 and that of B speaking truth is 5/7. What is the probability that they agree in stating the same fact? | [
"19/35",
"19/39",
"19/36",
"19/33",
"19/32"
] | A. 19/35 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_32330 | Doctors' moonlighting is becoming popular in hospitals around China. It has not only raised a lot of heated discussions in the media, but also caught the attention of the central government in Beijing. On December 26, a spokesman of the Ministry of Health stressed that the ministry was firmly against doctors' moonlighting, while strict regulations should be applied to doctors taking part-time jobs, the Xinhua News Agency reported. Last year, the Ministry sent out a notice to a variety of health organizations to speed up the reform of their personnel system. According to the notice, medical organizations can hire medical experts as part-time doctors but such activities should take place under the hospital's management and regulations . As for moonlighting--meaning that the doctor provides medical service without the permission of the original hospital--such activity goes against China's Practicing Doctor Law, Xinhua reported. In China, doctors used to be controlled by hospitals and they could work for only one hospital. However, as China's medical personnel system reform developed, it has been recognized that medical human resources, just like human resources in other areas, should be shared by the whole society. But on the other hand, doctors' taking part-time jobs should follow the relative regulations applied in the medical field. First of all, they should follow relative government laws and regulations. They should also follow the rules and regulations set by the medical organizations they work for. In addition, they should pay taxes for their income from the part-time jobs. What matters most is that they should first finish their regular jobs as required and be responsible for patients to ensure qualified and safe medical treatment. What is the greatest difference between moonlighting and taking part-time jobs? | [
"Doctors can earn more money by moonlighting than by taking part-time jobs.",
"Doctors pay fewer taxes for the money made by moonlighting than by taking",
"Taking part-time jobs is permitted by hospitals while moonlighting is-against",
"Doctor's part-time jobs, instead of moonlighting, are encouraged by healt... | C. Taking part-time jobs is permitted by hospitals while moonlighting is-against | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_20677 | While the presence of rats in homes may cause anxiety and annoyance, they rarely result in driving out the residents. But is exactly what happened to the inhabitants of the 10squaremile Hawadax Island off the coast of Alaska, almost 230 years ago. Now thanks to a fiveyear effort by scientists, the terribly silent "Rat Island" as it had been called for many years has been returned to its rightful owners ----birds! Hawadax Island is part of a chain of volcanic islands in the Bering Sea called the Aleutian Islands. The rats that arrived there in 1780, when a Japanese ship carrying them broke down nearby, completely destroyed the native population because the environment of the island was not built to defend its animals from these predators. There isn't any tree on the Island, which meant that the birds were accustomed to building their nests low in the ground, giving the rodents easy access to both eggs and baby chicks. As years passed, the birds that had called the island home for thousands of years became endangered and eventually, disappeared completely. In 2007, the U.S. FWS (Fish and Wildlife Service) started a serious plan to rid the island of the rats and try bringing back the beautiful birds that had once called it home. Given that there were an estimated 10,000 rodents inhabiting "Rat Island" and the fact that they reproduce rapidly, it was not an easy task. But by 2009, the Island was officially declared rat free! Then slowly but surely, the birds began to return. Unfortunately, some of the pioneers were unintentionally killed from the leavings of the raticide, a poison that had been used to wipe out the rodents. But now it seems things are becoming more stable and the Island is starting to increasingly look like its former self. Before the transformation, "Hawadax", also known as "Rat Island", was a silent and ghostly place with bird bones, snail remains and rocks covered in rat feces . Today, birds' singing and flying in and out is a common sight. Tufted puffins and song sparrows, which had long disappeared, are gradually making their way back. Scientists have also been observing an increase in ground nesting and shorebirds. Though the Island is still not back to its full glory, the signs are encouraging and things can only get better, as time passes. Birds on Hawadax Island became an easy target because _ . | [
"this island was treeless",
"they nested randomly",
"they reproduced too rapidly",
"their chicks were extremely weak"
] | A. this island was treeless | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1933 | Trees use narrow tubes to transport water upward. Which property of water allows the water to rise in these narrow tubes? | [
"high vapor pressure",
"high boiling point",
"cohesion of molecules",
"net charge of molecules"
] | C. cohesion of molecules | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_27792 | We live in a sweet world. The average American kid consumes more than 20 teaspoons of sugar per day, and adults eat 50% more sugar today than they did in the 1970s. We all know that too much sugar isn't good for you. But did we know it could be dangerous? A team of researchers at the University of Utah used mice to conduct a study on the negative effects of sugar. They found it could have serious effects on people's health. Sugar is found not only in sweets and candies, but also in many household items like pasta and crackers. During the 58-week-long study, mice were fed a diet containing 25% more sugar. This percentage equals a healthy human diet along with three cans of soda daily. The team found that these mice were twice as likely to die as mice fed a similar diet without the sugar. Though the mice did not show signs of obesity or high blood pressure, male mice were 26% less territorial and produced 25% fewer offspring than the other mice. Scientists often use mice for research because they have a similar genetic structure to humans. "Since most substances that are dangerous in mice are also dangerous in people, it's likely that those physical problems that cause those mice to have increased deaths also work in people," says study author James Ruff of the University of Utah. Findings from this study reveal negative effects that are not as noticeable as weight gain or heart problems. Sugar can contribute to long-term changes in the body that can change development and even shorten lives. Cutting sugar out of the American diet altogether may be difficult. But making the effort to control our nation's sugar desire will provide for a truly sweeter future. According to the study, which of the following statements is wrong? | [
"Sugar can even shorten lives.",
"Sugar's negative effects are not noticeable.",
"Mice are more likely to diet when fed a diet containing 25% more sugar.",
"Eating much more sugar can make mice put on weight and get high blood pressure."
] | D. Eating much more sugar can make mice put on weight and get high blood pressure. | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_63 | What is TRUE regarding Fagin's algorithm? | [
"Posting files need to be indexed by TF-IDF weights",
"It performs a complete scan over the posting files",
"It never reads more than (kn)1β2 entries from a posting list",
"It provably returns the k documents with the largest aggregate scores"
] | D. It provably returns the k documents with the largest aggregate scores | m1_pref |
aquarat_47146 | Four friends, Peter, John, Quincy, and Andrew, are pooling their money to buy a $1600 item. Peter has twice as much money as John. Quincy has $40 more than Peter. Andrew has 10% more than Quincy. If they put all their money together and spend the $1600, they will have $14 left. How much money does Peter have? | [
"$400",
"$560",
"$425",
"$380",
"$455"
] | C. $425 | aquarat |
arc_easy_495 | Which of these properties of water helps moderate the weather of coastal areas? | [
"neutral pH",
"high specific heat",
"dissolves many substances",
"floats as a solid"
] | B. high specific heat | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_92893 | Over several years, a scientist successfully isolates a species of flower for white color. This year, when the new generation of flowers blooms, one yellow flower is found in the population. Which is the best reason for the appearance of a new flower color within the species? | [
"adaptation",
"replication",
"genetic mutation",
"homologous recombination"
] | C. genetic mutation | mmlu_train |
aquarat_18495 | The price of an article has been reduced by 25%. In order to restore the original price the new price must be increased by? | [
"33 1/3%",
"33 1/9%",
"33 1/3%",
"32 1/3%",
"33 1/2%"
] | A. 33 1/3% | aquarat |
arc_easy_1091 | A scientist combines oxygen and hydrogen to form water. This combination illustrates that water is | [
"an atom.",
"an element.",
"a mixture.",
"a compound."
] | D. a compound. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_96285 | The circulatory system brings oxygen to the body from where? | [
"brain",
"chest",
"hands",
"stomach"
] | B. chest | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_91128 | 17-year-old Tibetan boy climbs 40 meters up a tall tree only to get some honey as an ingredient for a traditional local drink. The money he makes from selling the honey will be used to pay for his younger brother's tuition fee . This is only a scene from the first episode of CCTV's new documentary, A Bite of China 2(2), which appeared on April 18, 2014. But they are enough reasons for viewers to spend an hour every Friday until June 6 enjoying in front of their television sets. Viewers have had to wait a long time since A Bite of China 1 came out in 2012. Back then, the seven-episode documentary was considered the best one ever produced by CCTV, with its good effects and rich food culture. A famous foreigner praised it, saying "it's the best TV show I've ever seen about food. I'm sure it's the best one ever made. " The new season includes eight episodes, covering 300 types of food. According to CCTV, every minute of the show was edited out of 150 minutes of footage . Finding their subjects was often the hardest part of the film team's job. It took them six months to film a beekeeping couple , which included a journey of more than 2,000 kilometers. Food is a personal thing, in that no dish suits all tastes. However, the program has still managed to move all sorts of viewers. "Compared with A Bite of China 1, the new season has a more human touch, which makes viewers cover some tears while their mouths are watering," said Sina Entertainment. As always, the people are the most interesting part. A Bite of China 2 shows a greater dream--through homemade food, it tells the joys and _ of common Chinese in changing times, according to director Chen Xiaoqing of the documentary series . "I was moved by the people in each simple story," said Li Weifang, 17, of Beijing No 3 High School. "Their work helps enrich China's food culture. " In fact, that is exactly what the new season hopes to deliver . Through the program, "the listeners will see the characteristics of the Chinese people: save and tenacity ," Chen told Xinhua Internet. ,,. (2,10) When did A Bite of China 2 appear on CCTV? | [
"From 2012.",
"From April 18, 2014.",
"Until June 8, 2014.",
"Every Friday through the coming year."
] | B. From April 18, 2014. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_39636 | The population of a town is 216400. If it increase at the rate of 4% per annum. What will be its population for 3years hence? | [
"200000",
"243420",
"194582",
"194481",
"215460"
] | B. 243420 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_94457 | Which part of an atom is involved in chemical reactions? | [
"nucleus and its particles",
"negatively-charged particles",
"neutrally-charged particles",
"positively-charged particles"
] | B. negatively-charged particles | mmlu_train |
aquarat_1356 | The length of the bridge, which a train 150 metres long and travelling at 45 km/hr can cross in 30 seconds, is? | [
"876 m",
"157 m",
"225 m",
"156 m",
"167 m"
] | C. 225 m | aquarat |
arc_challenge_1060 | An exploratory robot was sent to the planet Mars. The gravity on Mars is weaker than the gravity on Earth. Compared to the mass and weight of the robot on Earth, the robot on Mars has | [
"less mass and weight.",
"less mass but equal weight.",
"equal mass but less weight.",
"equal mass and weight."
] | C. equal mass but less weight. | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_73744 | My father has a great sports collection .he love sports very much. And he loves all balls. he likes playing basketball and volleyball. And he likes playing baseball and tennis. he also likes watching ball games. how many balls does he have? He has 15 basketballs,12 baseballs ,10 tennis bats.8 volleyballs and 14 baseball bats. and many other balls. How many soccer balls does he have? | [
"5",
"12",
"14",
"We don't know."
] | D. We don't know. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_26901 | We bought 85 hats at the store. Blue hats cost $6 and green hats cost $7. The total price was $530. How many green hats did we buy? | [
"A) 36",
"B) 20",
"C) 40",
"D) 42",
"E) 44"
] | B. B) 20 | aquarat |
m1_pref_140 | You have data with lots of outliers. Everything else being equal, and assuming that you do not do any pre-processing, what cost function will be less effected by these outliers? | [
"$(y-f(x))^{2}(\\mathrm{MSE})$",
"$|y-f(x)|(\\mathrm{MAE})$"
] | B. $|y-f(x)|(\mathrm{MAE})$ | m1_pref |
m1_pref_174 | When searching for an entity ππππ€ that has a given relationship π with a given entity π | [
"We search for ππππ€ that have a similar embedding vector to π",
"We search for ππππ€ that have a similar embedding vector to ππππ which has relationship π with π",
"We search for pairs (ππππ€, π) that have similar embedding to (ππππ, π)",
"We search for pairs (ππππ€, π) that have si... | C. We search for pairs (ππππ€, π) that have similar embedding to (ππππ, π) | m1_pref |
arc_easy_255 | David planted ten corn seeds in sandy soil and ten corn seeds in clay soil. He kept both groups of plants at room temperature, gave them the same amount of water, and placed them all in the same sunny room. Which of the following questions is David most able to answer with his experiment? | [
"How much soil and water do corn seeds need to grow?",
"Do corn plants grow better in sandy soil or in clay soil?",
"Do corn plants grown in sandy soil need more water than corn plants grown in clay soil?",
"What are the effects of soil, temperature, water, and sunshine on the growth of corn plants?"
] | B. Do corn plants grow better in sandy soil or in clay soil? | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_98356 | Robert has only has power downstairs. In order to move the light from downstairs to his upstairs bedroom, he can | [
"Just stay in the downstairs rooms",
"set up an array of drinking glasses",
"set up an array of mirrors",
"Unscrew a light bulb downstairs and move it upstairs"
] | C. set up an array of mirrors | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_533 | In a lab investigation, students use Brand X batteries in a flashlight and Brand Y batteries in a radio. After two hours, the flashlight stops working, but the radio continues to work. As a result, the students conclude that Brand Y batteries last longer. Which statement about the conclusion of the investigation is most accurate? | [
"The conclusion is valid because they tested two different brands.",
"The conclusion is invalid because the test had multiple variables.",
"The conclusion is valid because they conducted the investigation in a lab.",
"The conclusion is invalid because the real names of the batteries were hidden."
] | B. The conclusion is invalid because the test had multiple variables. | arc_challenge |
aquarat_39041 | Three 6 faced dice are thrown together. The probability that exactly two dice show the same number on them is? | [
"5/15",
"5/12",
"5/19",
"5/12",
"5/11"
] | B. 5/12 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_56902 | (This selection was originally published in 1992. Pluto is no longer classified as a planet.) Pluto is in many ways the strangest of the planets. It is small and has a large moon(called Charon). Its orbit is unusual, which may cause it to have seasons in the sense that when it is close to the sun, the liquid methane on its surface boils to form a kind of atmospheric haze . When the planet moves farther away from the sun, it starts to snow solid methane. Pluto is not dark. Despite its great distance from the sun, the surface of Pluto is probably as bright as a moonlit night on Earth. The reason is all that methane, which is as white as newly fallen snow. The discovery of Pluto was more accident than design. The American astronomer Percival Lowell had predicted the existence of a ninth planet(he called it Planet X)based on what he took to be irregularities in the orbit of Neptune. Today astronomers argue that these "irregularities" weren't real, but the result of instrumental error. Nevertheless, Lowell produced predictions about where Planet X ought to be(although, to be honest, the predictions changed occasionally when he redid the calculations).In any case, in 1930 Clyde Tombaugh, doing a systemic sky survey that would have found the planet no matter where it was, discovered the planet we now call Pluto. By coincidence, its position was pretty close to where Lowell's last prediction said it should be. Was it just luck? We'll never know. What effect is produced by including the question "Was it just luck?" at the end of the text? | [
"The question encourages the reader to think about why Pluto is a strange planet.",
"The question encourages the reader to think about how planets are discovered.",
"The question suggests that all discoveries are luck, not just design.",
"The question suggests that other planets were found in different ways."... | B. The question encourages the reader to think about how planets are discovered. | mmlu_train |
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