id stringlengths 9 18 | question stringlengths 4 4.81k | choices listlengths 2 13 | full_answer stringlengths 4 180 | dataset stringclasses 5
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
arc_challenge_597 | Which of these is a composite material? | [
"a glass window",
"a bronze statue",
"an aluminum can",
"a fiberglass bumper"
] | D. a fiberglass bumper | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_49753 | Monarch Butterflies One of the last West Coast homes of the Monarch butterfly,a type of insect ,may soon disappear.Strangely,it is in a town that calls itself Butterfly U.S.A,Pacific Grove, California. The town of Pacific Grove loves the butterflies.Every year they have a parade and hundreds of children dress up as butterflies.Monarch butterflies are the town _ .Tourism is very important,and many people come to see the butterflies.The butterflies are good for the development of the town. In 1981 there were so many butterflies it looked like it was raining butterflies.Tens of thousands of Monarchs stayed on tree branches near Pacific Grove.Now there are not so many. The building goes on a little bit at a time,and you don't notice it day by day.Over time,you can see that there has been a lot of development.As new buildings go up,many trees are cut down. This reduces the natural homes for the butterflies. Monarchs travel hundreds of miles each year,returning to the same woods,often to the same trees.The female Monarchs need milkweed to lay their eggs;the males will follow the females. Millions of Monarchs have traveled regularly along the same path for thousands of years.They start their trip in the mountains of Mexico and travel to the middle part of America.If the woods where the butterflies live are destroyed,the whole species could be lost.There have been Monarch butterflies along the coast of California for as long as man can remember,but no one is sure how much longer they will last. What problem do Monarch butterflies face now? | [
"New buildings take up their living space.",
"There has been too much rain m recent years.",
"Their natural homes are destroyed by tourism.",
"They have tot travel a long distance to get home."
] | A. New buildings take up their living space. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_31836 | A train running at the speed of 60 km/hr crosses a pole in 8 seconds. Find the length of the train. | [
"133.33",
"882",
"772",
"252",
"121"
] | A. 133.33 | aquarat |
aquarat_47506 | Joe went on a diet 3 months ago when he weighed 222 pounds. If he now weighs 198 pounds and continues to lose at the same average monthly rate, in approximately how many months will he weigh 170 pounds? | [
"3",
"3.5",
"4",
"4.5",
"5"
] | B. 3.5 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_92766 | In the human kidney, urea from the blood is filtered through the glomerular membrane into a nephron. The movement of urea across this membrane occurs without an input of energy. Which factor is the most likely reason urea absorption does not require energy? | [
"a pH imbalance",
"a pressure difference",
"a temperature increase",
"a concentration gradient"
] | D. a concentration gradient | mmlu_train |
aquarat_6635 | The current of a stream at 1 kmph. A motor boat goes 35 km upstream and back to the starting point in 12 hours. The speed of the motor boat in still water is? | [
"6 kmph",
"9 kmph",
"7 kmph",
"5 kmph",
"1 kmph"
] | A. 6 kmph | aquarat |
mmlu_train_94169 | Frogs and salamanders compete with each other for insects. Both frogs and salamanders catch flying insects with their tongues. Which feature would most likely help both animals compete for flying insects? | [
"sticky tongues",
"bright tongues",
"thick tongues",
"short tongues"
] | A. sticky tongues | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_213 | Let $E$ be a finite ground set and let $\mathcal{I}$ be a family of ground sets. Which of the following definitions of $\mathcal{I}$ guarantees that $M = (E, \mathcal{I})$ is a matroid? \begin{enumerate} \item $E$ is the edges of an undirected bipartite graph and $\mathcal{I} = \{X \subseteq E : \mbox{$X$ is an acyclic edge set}\}$. \item $E$ is the edges of an undirected graph and $\mathcal{I} = \{X \subseteq E : \mbox{$X$ is an acyclic edge set}\}$. \item $E$ is the edges of an undirected bipartite graph and $\mathcal{I} = \{X \subseteq E : \mbox{$X$ is a matching}\}$. \item $E$ is the edges of an undirected graph and $\mathcal{I} = \{X \subseteq E : \mbox{$X$ is a matching}\}$. \item $E = \{1, 2, \ldots, n\}$ is the set of indices of vectors $v_1, \ldots, v_n \in \mathbb{R}^d$ and \\$\mathcal{I} = \{X \subseteq E : \mbox{the vectors $\{v_i : i \in X\}$ are linearly \emph{dependent}}\}$. \item $E = \{1, 2, \ldots, n\}$ is the set of indices of vectors $v_1, \ldots, v_n \in \mathbb{R}^d$ and \\$\mathcal{I} = \{X \subseteq E : \mbox{the vectors $\{v_i : i \in X\}$ are linearly \emph{independent}}\}$. \end{enumerate} The definitions of $\mathcal{I}$ that guarantees that $M = (E, \mathcal{I})$ is a matroid are: | [
", (c), (f)",
", (b), (c), (d), (f)",
", (b), (c), (f)",
", (b), (e)",
", (c), (d), (f)",
", (b), (c), (d), (e)",
", (c), (d), (e)",
", (f)",
", (b), (c), (e)",
", (b), (f)",
", (c), (e)",
", (e)"
] | J. , (b), (f) | m1_pref |
aquarat_9686 | The least number of four digits which is divisible by 15, 25, 40 and 75 is: | [
"9000",
"9400",
"9600",
"9800",
"9700"
] | C. 9600 | aquarat |
aquarat_25986 | Ratio of the earnings of A and B is 4:7. If the earnings of A increases by 50% and those of B decreased by 25%, the new ratio of their earnings becomes 8:7. What are A's earnings? | [
"8:5",
"8:8",
"8:3",
"8:7",
"8:1"
] | D. 8:7 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_4749 | While Anna was testing a circuit, she dropped a light bulb. What is the safest thing Anna can do? | [
"get a new bulb to finish the test",
"push the broken glass under a table",
"tell her teacher that she broke the bulb",
"ask her partner to help pick up the broken glass"
] | C. tell her teacher that she broke the bulb | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_1200 | It is necessary to add a day to the calendar every four years because | [
"the axis of Earth is tilted.",
"the gravitational pull of the Sun affects Earth's revolution.",
"the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.",
"the Moon crosses the orbit of the Sun every 28 days."
] | C. the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_25712 | Used by over half a million learners,English Practice is one of the world's most popular online English learning products. English Practice offers over 40,000 interactive 1essons for all levels of students who want to study and improve their English. Our structured content will help you improve your speaking,vocabulary,grammar,and your listening and written comprehension. And because English Practice is online,you can study at a pace and at a time that is convenient for you. How to Study When you start with English Practice we will give you a test to evaluate your language level. We will then recommend that you start as either a beginning intermediate or advanced learner. At each level you can take classes in General English,Work Skills,or Community to improve the skills you need. When you have completed enough lessons,we will give you another test and move you up to the next level. General English This is where you will find lessons to improve your grammar,listening comprehension,and vocabulary. There are new lessons weekly so you will always find new 1essons to this area you can also take lessons to prepare for TOEFL and IELTS. Work Skills This is where you can take lessons to teach you the specific skills you will need if you have to speak English at work,or do business in English. There are lessons on general business skills as well as courses to on specific industries. Community In the Community section you find English Practice's popular chat room,where you can practice with fellow students from around the world,and ask English teachers questions about English Community also has fun games like Bingo,Hangman,and Karaoke. As well as links to online English studying resources. People can most probably read this article. | [
"on the Internet",
"in an instruction book",
"in a magazine",
"in a newspaper"
] | A. on the Internet | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1277 | Modern technology has had some positive and negative effects on society. Which would be a negative effect of advances in technology? | [
"human jobs replaced by more efficient machines",
"decrease in production of solid waste",
"use of alternate sources of energy",
"reduction in habitat destruction"
] | A. human jobs replaced by more efficient machines | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_54524 | It seems that politicians around the world are thinking about the health of their countries. While in China, Chen Zhu has announced his plans for a universal health service and reform across health services. Gordon Brown, the UK Prime Minister, has also announced he is planning to make some changes in our health service. The crux of Mr. Brown's proposals are related to giving the NHS (National Health Service) a greater focus on prevention, rather than just curing patients. He is planning to introduce increased screening for common diseases such as heart disease, strokes, and cancer, for example, breast cancer. In Britain there are 200,000 deaths a year from heart attacks and strokes, many of which might have been avoided if the condition had been known about. Initially, the diagnostic tests will be available for those who are vulnerable, or most likely to have the disease. One example is a plan to offer all men over 65 an ultrasound test to check for problems with the main artery , a condition which kills 3,000 men a year. The opposition have criticized Mr. Brown's proposals, saying that they are just a trick, and claiming that there is no proper timetable for the changes. They also say that Mr. Brown is reducing the money available for the treatment of certain conditions while putting more money towards testing for them. The NHS was founded in 1948, and is paid for by taxation. The idea is that the rich pay more towards the health service than the poor. However in recent years there has been a great increase in the use of private healthcare, because it's much quicker. NHS waiting lists for operations can be very long, so many people who can afford it choose to pay for medical care themselves. Which of the following is the reason for the increasing private healthcare? | [
"People are paying more attention to their own health.",
"People are well off enough to pay their healthcare.",
"The NHS was not available for most of the people.",
"It's not so convenient for people to go to the NHS for their healthcare."
] | D. It's not so convenient for people to go to the NHS for their healthcare. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_26342 | Of the 55 cars on a car lot, 40 have air-conditioning, 25 have power windows, and 12 have both air-conditioning and power windows. How many of the cars on the lot have neither air-conditioning nor power windows? | [
"15",
"8",
"10",
"2",
"18"
] | D. 2 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_17623 | It was a cold night in Washington, D. C., and I was heading back to the hotel when a man approached me. He asked if l would give him some money so he could get something to eat. I'd read the signs "Don't give money to beggars." So I shook my head and kept walking. I wasn't prepared for a reply, but he said, "I really am homeless and I really am hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat!" But I kept on walking. The incident bothered me for the rest of the week. I had money in my pocket and it wouldn't have killed me to hand over a buck or two even if he had been lying. Flying back to Anchorage, I couldn't help thinking of him. I tried to rationalize my failure to help by thinking government agencies, churches and charities were there to feed him. Besides, you're not supposed to give money to beggars. Somewhere over Seattle, I started to write my weekly garden column for The Anchorage Daily News. _ , I came up with an idea. Bean's Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feeds hundreds of hungry Alaskans every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in their gardens dedicated to Bean's? Dedicate a row and take it down to Bean's. Clean and simple. The idea began to take off. Readers would fax or call me when they got something in their garden. Those who only grew flowers donated them. Food for the spirit. In 1995, the Garden Writers Association of America held their annual convention in Anchorage and after learning of Anchorage's program, Plant a Row for Bean's became Plant a Row for the Hungry. The original idea was to have every member of the Garden Writers Association of America write or talk about planting a row for the hungry sometime during the month of April. As more and more people started working with the Plant a Row idea, new changes appeared unexpectedly. Many companies gave free seed to customers and displayed the logo, which also appeared in national gardening publications. Row markers with the Plant a Row logo were delivered to gardeners to set apart their "Row for the Hungry." Garden editor Joan Jackson, supported by The San Jose Mercury News and California's nearly year-round growing season, raised more than 30,000 pounds of fruits and vegetables her first year, and showed GWAA how the program could really work. Texas fruit farms donated food to their local food bank after being inspired by Plant a Row. Today the program continues to thrive and grow. I am surprised that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener in America--and we're seventy million strong--plants one row for the hungry, we can make quite a decrease in the number of neighbors who don't have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty about abandoning a hungry man I could have helped. The program has been supported by many farmers, journalists and people in different fields for many years. They usually donate many things to it except _ . | [
"money",
"flowers",
"seeds",
"beans"
] | B. flowers | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_56580 | If you live in the U.S., you're probably used to throwing banana peel into the trash. But people in other countries, including India, have been taking advantages of their nutritional benefits for many years. While the flesh of a banana is soft and sweet, the skin is thick, hard and slightly bitter. To eat the peel, you can fry, bake, or boil it for at least 10 minutes. Also, the riper bananas get, the thinner and sweeter banana peel will become. That's because of a natural plant hormone called ethylene that fruits release as they ripen. Ethylene interacts with the sugars and fiber in the banana skin, changing complex sugars into simple sugars and breaking down pectin, a form of fiber in bananas that keeps them stiff. That's why the older your banana is, the flimsier it feels. The sweet flesh of a medium-sized banana contains great percentages of your daily recommended intake of various nutrients, such as: *12% of your daily fiber, which helps with digestion and may help lower your risk of diabetes *17% of your vitamin C, which is important for your immune system as well as your growth *20% of your vitamin B6, which aids the body's ability to turn food into energy *12% of your potassium, which helps with the development of cells, tissues, and organs throughout the body If you eat the skin along with the flesh, you will get an even bigger increase in these same nutrients. Eating the peel is not only good for your body but also better for the earth. The average American ate 11.4 pounds of bananas in 2014. Since a medium-sized banana weighs about 0.3 pounds, that equates to about 38 bananas per person, or about 12 billion for the whole of the U.S. And since most of us throw away the peel, that also means a lot of organic waste. What's the role of ethylene in bananas? | [
"Helping bananas grow faster.",
"Making banana peel stay strong.",
"Keeping banana flesh from going bad.",
"Helping to soften and sweeten banana peel."
] | D. Helping to soften and sweeten banana peel. | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_103 | An HMM model would not be an appropriate approach to identify | [
"Named Entities",
"Part-of-Speech tags",
"Concepts",
"Word n-grams"
] | D. Word n-grams | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_83831 | Mr. and Mrs. Clark are 70 years old. They look young and they are very healthy. Why? Let me tell you. That's because they have a healthy lifestyle. They exercise every day, and every morning they exercise in the park. After that they usually go to the supermarket. They walk there for about half an hour. They don't take buses. Because they think walking is good for their health. They often take a walk after dinner. They also have a good eating habit. They drink milk every morning. They eat fruit and vegetables every day. As for meat, they only eat it twice a week. Besides (...) that, they never eat junk food. They don't drink coffee or cola at all. You see, they look after their health very well. Mrs. Clark likes watching soap operas and reading books. She reads books every day. Mr. Clark likes Chinese paintings. They usually go to bed at 9:00 pm and sleep for eight hours every night. Mr. and Mrs. Clark usually _ after dinner. | [
"take a walk",
"go to the supermarket",
"clean the house",
"watch soap operas"
] | A. take a walk | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_69471 | There are 55 students in my class. They come from different places, so they go to school in different ways. Twenty students go to school on foot because they live near the school. Ten students ride the bikes to school because they live not far from the school. Ten students go to school by bus because they live far from the school. Ten students go to school in their parents' car. The other five students go to school by boat, because there is a river between their houses and the school. How many students are there in the class? | [
"55",
"20",
"10",
"50"
] | A. 55 | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_28696 | Throughout time, people have loved music for its ability to transport them into a world of rhythm and melody. Recently more and more hospitals and clinics have been _ the power of music -not only to comfort patients, but to help cure them as well. Welcome to the world of music therapy . After each of the two world wars, musicians visited hospitals and played instruments for injured soldiers suffering from emotional and physical pain. Today's music therapists continue this practice, playing instruments such as guitars and harps to bring comfort to their audiences. Therapist Eric Mammen encourages his patients at a children's hospital to participate with him as he plays. During visits with 13-year-old cancer patient Lawrence Garcia, Mammen encourages Garcia to beat on electric drums while he plays the guitar. The therapy won't cure his cancer, but it does, according to Garcia's mom, take away much of the boy's depression . Music therapy can put patients in better moods and ease the symptoms of depression according to the American Music Therapy Association. Other benefits include relieving pain, calming tension, aiding sleep, reducing worry or fear, and easing muscle tension. Jose Haro personally experienced the benefits of music therapy when he was recovering from heart surgery. During his recovery, he played a piano whose keys lit up, indicating which keys to touch to play along with the background music. Soon he was playing tunes and noticing something strange. "I was searching for my pain." He says of his experience, "but it was gone." While Haro's experience provides an evidence of the power of music to relieve pain, scientific research has proven music also helps patients with Alzheimer's disease and arthritis. In addition, music therapy helps premature babies. Doctors are tapping into a powerful way to teach premature babies that haven't yet learned how to suck. Doctors use a device that comforts the babies by playing music when they suck on a pacifier . Soon the babies learn to suck in return for music, gaining weight faster and going home earlier than those who do not use the device. Even perfectly healthy people are discovering the power of music to calm and heal. Drum circles attract people who find stress relief in beating out rhythms. While music is not a cure-all, it does make life a little easier. What is the best title for this passage? | [
"Music to Patient Ears",
"Music Popular in Hospitals",
"Musicians Work with Doctors",
"People's life Benefits from Music"
] | A. Music to Patient Ears | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_46056 | A mom in Australia was told by a doctor that her newborn son was "dead",but she helped bring him back to life by holding the baby against her body. She used a method known as "kangaroo care ".The child,named Jamie,was born after only 27 weeks with his twin sister,Emily,at a hospital in Sydney.Her birth went well,but his was a different story.The doctor struggled for 20 minutes to save him before declaring him dead. "His little arms and legs were just falling down away from his body," Kate Ogg said."I took my coat off and put him on my chest with his head over my arm." She and her husband,David,spoke to the child as she continued to hold him for nearly two hours.During that time,the twopound baby showed signs of life.She said,"I told my mom,who was there,that he was still alive.Then he held out his hand and grabbed my finger." The doctor at first ignored the baby's movements,but when he put the stethoscope to its chest,his mouth fell wide open and he said,"It's my fault.It's a miracle ." "The care helps the baby keep body warmth," Dr Pinchi Srinivasan said."It also regulates heart and breathing rates and is believed to help weight gain and improve sleeping habits.Fathers can also use 'kangaroo care'.The key to the method is skintoskin contact." The practice began in less developed nations.It has become a recognized practice in helping premature _ babies.The technique is good for babies,and is used in many baby care units. From what Dr Pinchi Srinivasan said,we learn the baby came back to life mainly because of _ . | [
"the mother's soft words",
"the doctor's careful care",
"the father's \"kangaroo care\"",
"skintoskin contact with the mother"
] | D. skintoskin contact with the mother | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_2708 | Which of the following is an example of the formation of a mixture? | [
"rust forming on an iron nail",
"sugar crystals dissolving in water",
"sodium and chlorine forming table salt",
"hydrogen and oxygen reacting to produce water"
] | B. sugar crystals dissolving in water | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_47384 | On Tuesday,a new study published in the American Heart Association's journal Circulation:Heart Failure revealed that women who ate five or more dishes of baked fish a month had a thirty percent lower risk of heart failure in comparison to women who ate less than one dish a month. Researchers examined the diets of 84,493 women,whose ages ranged from 50 to 79.The women who had eaten lots of baked fish like salmon ,were more healthy than those who mostly ate tuna or white fish. Eating baked fish also appeared to provide a protection against high blood pressure. The study also found that those women who ate more baked fish were likely to have a lower weight,exercise more and eat more fruits and vegetables in comparison to those who ate fried fish. Researchers noted that past research had discovered the fatty acids in fish probably decreased the risk of high blood pressure by improving blood pressure along with heart and blood functioning. This study showed the link between eating fish and heart failure risk but it was not designed to show cause and effect. This study also showed that just by eating one dish of fried fish a week led to a 49% greater risk of heart failure,and eating fried fish led to lower fiber intake and higher calorie intake. The American Heart Association suggested eating a minimum of two dishes of fish especially fatty fish each week. According to this passage,which one is correct? | [
"The fatty acids in fish can make one's heart bigger.",
"Eating fish probably helps you take in more calories",
"The fatty acids in fish can improve blood functioning.",
"The fatty acids in fish can raise blood pressure."
] | C. The fatty acids in fish can improve blood functioning. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_9978 | 6x – 5y + 3z = 26
4x + 8y – 11z = 7
5x – 6y + 2z = 12
Given the equations above, x + y + z = ? | [
"11",
"12",
"13",
"14",
"15"
] | D. 14 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_68939 | A new product - the Apple Watch - into the market. Last year, the watch was firstly introduced by Tim Cook, Apple's CEO. The price of the watch is from $349 to $1,099, depending on its size and whether it is a sports or regular one. Apple engineers and designers have put in a lot of thought and hard work into creating this "small screen" on your wrist . The "sensor " on the screen not only finds your finger, but also knows the difference between when you are tapping , and when you are pressing hard er. The watch also has "haptic feedback ". You can s end personal messages to your friend --such as drawing a star or a special sign with your fingers, or tapping the watch, say 3 times, and your friend will receive those taps on their wrist. Besides telling the time, the watch will use 'Bluetooth' to connect with your iPhone and show calls or text messages that come in. According to Tim Cook, the watch may open up a whole new area of applications that we had never thought of. Some car f actories like BMW have developed an app that allows its car owners to open their cars with the watch. A 'Hotels' app may allow you to open the door to your hotel room without worrying about losing the smart-card. And finally, even at the airport--passengers may be able to simply wave their wrist to check into their flight. The biggest use of the watch, however, is as your personal fitness coach. The watch can show your pulse (heartbeat) using a sensor at the bottom of the watch. It also has the same sensor as your iPhone, so it knows when you are moving, and also how much you are walking or running. It will remind you if you have been sitting for too long without taking exercise. We can learn from the passage that the Apple Watch _ . | [
"is designed by Tim Cook",
"was brought into the market last week",
"sells at different prices for different colors",
"can show your pulse and knows when you are moving."
] | D. can show your pulse and knows when you are moving. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_4501 | Which of the following best explains how stems transport water to other parts of the plant? | [
"through a chemical called chlorophyll",
"by using photosynthesis",
"through a system of tubes",
"by converting water to food"
] | C. through a system of tubes | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_75750 | Computers are good tools .The Internet is also good. But some people spend too much time online. They can't stop. Doctors say this is a new sickness. They call this sickness Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD). People with IAD are online a lot. They spend hours chatting to their friends or playing online games. Many people with IAD spend more time on the Internet than with family or friends. Some people with IAD even quit their jobs! Do you have IAD? Think about these questions:How many hours a day are you online? Is it a lot or a little? When you are not online,are you thinking about playing a computer game or checking your messages? When you are online,do you forget the time? Do you get angry when you can't play a game? If you have IAD,what can you do? Dr. Ivan Goldberg and Dr. Kimberly S.Young have some ideas. First,ask yourself "Why am I online a lot?" Then try to take a break. For example,use the computer or play games twice a week,not every day. In this way,you can have a good social life with other friends. If you have Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD),you are _ | [
"online for an hour a week",
"send e-mall messages at work",
"are on the Internet more than with friends",
"never use the computer"
] | C. are on the Internet more than with friends | mmlu_train |
aquarat_35966 | P is five times as old as Q, and Q is six years older than R. If R is z years old, what is P’s age in terms of z? | [
"5z + 6",
"5z − 30",
"5z + 30",
"",
""
] | C. 5z + 30 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_18577 | Looking back on my childhood,I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.Although we were all brought up in the same way,my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them,I had no ear for music and languages.I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary.I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in,of my room and my toys.Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents,aunts,uncles and cousins who gathered next door.But I do have a clear memory of the dogs,the farm animals,the local birds,and above all,the insects. I am a naturalist,not a scientist.I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm led me into varied investigations.I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries.Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle,because it all seems to fit together.This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books,which some might honor with the title of scientific research. But curiosity,a keen eye,a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist:one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline,a quality I lack.A scientist requires not only self-discipline,but hard training,determination and a goal.A scientist,up to a certain point,can be made.A naturalist is born.If you can combine the two,you get the best of both worlds. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?( ) | [
"The author is a naturalist,but not a scientist.",
"The author is a scientist as well as a naturalist.",
"The author is first of all a scientist.",
"The author is neither a naturalist nor a scientist."
] | A. The author is a naturalist,but not a scientist. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_97464 | Which animal might catch it's sustenance faster? | [
"Snail",
"Frigate Bird",
"turtle",
"Sloth"
] | B. Frigate Bird | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_87851 | A man went to see a doctor. "Open your mouth ", the doctor said. The man opened his mouth and the doctor looked in quickly. "It's clear what's wrong with you .You need more exercise, " the doctor said. "But doctor," the man said "I don't think ..." "Don't tell me what you think," " I am the doctor, not you. I know what you need . I see hundreds of people like you. None of them get any exercise. They sit in offices all day and in front of theTV in the evening. What you need is to walk quickly for at least 20 minutes a day" "Doctor, you don't understand ," the man said, "I..." "I don't want to hear any excuses," the doctor said , " You must find time for exercise .If you don't you will get fat and have health problems when you are older." " But I walk every day ,"the man said. "Oh, yes , and I know what kind of walk that is .You walk a few feet to the train station from your house, a few more feet from the station to your office, and a few more feet from your office to a restaurant for lunch and back. That's not real walking .I'm talking about a walk in the park for twenty minutes every day."" Will you listen to me , doctor !" the man shouted, getting angry with this doctor who thought he knew everything. "I m a postman"., the man went on, " and I walk for seven hours every day! It's my wife, she is ill." Which of the following is true? | [
"The postman sent letters on foot.",
"The doctor had a walk in a park every day.",
"The postman lived near a train station",
"The postman went to see the doctor on foot."
] | A. The postman sent letters on foot. | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_301 | Let \( f : A
ightarrow B \) be a function from A to B such that \(f (a) = |a| \).
f is a bijection if: | [
"\\( A= [0, 1] \\) and \\(B= [-1, 0] \\)",
"\\( A= [-1, 0] \\) and \\(B= [-1, 0] \\)",
"\\( A= [-1, 0] \\) and \\(B= [0, 1] \\)",
"\\( A= [-1, 1] \\) and \\(B= [-1, 1] \\)"
] | C. \( A= [-1, 0] \) and \(B= [0, 1] \) | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_29089 | Bringing Art into Hospitals The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play an important role in helping patients to get better. As part of nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the museums and into public places, some of the country's best artists have been called in to change older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2500 national health service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have very valuable collections of present art in passages, waiting areas and treatment rooms. These recent movements first started by one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s.He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience . A common hospital waiting room might have as many as 5 000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art! Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out--patient's waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975.Believed to be Britain's first hospital artist. Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates. The effect is striking. Now in the passages and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colours, playful images and restful courtyards. The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto gardens needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at. After the improvement of the hospital environment, _ . | [
"patients no longer take drugs to kill their pains",
"patients don't have to stay long in hospital",
"patients need fewer pain killers when they suffer from an illness",
"patients feel happy in hospital"
] | C. patients need fewer pain killers when they suffer from an illness | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_94176 | A student has a ball of clay that sinks when placed in a pan of water. Which property should he change to make the clay float? | [
"color",
"texture",
"mass",
"shape"
] | D. shape | mmlu_train |
aquarat_41310 | A certain drive-in movie theater has total of 12 rows of parking spaces. There are 10 parking spaces in the first row and 11 parking spaces each in the next two rows. In each subsequent row there are 2 more parking spaces than in the previous row. What is the total number of parking spaces in the movie theater? | [
"219",
"221",
"321",
"192",
"202"
] | B. 221 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_73762 | Spending more than two hours a night doing homework leads to better results in English,math and science, according to a major study (by Pam Sammons, England) which has tracked the progress of3,000 children over the past 15 years. Spending any time doing homework showed advantages, but the influence was greater for the students who put in two to three hours a night, according to the study published by the Department for Education in England. The scientists who did the research say their study empbasizes what students actually do rather than how much work the school has set. Pam Sammons, a professor of education at Oxford University, said that time spent on homework showed the influence of the school-if children were expected to do homework and if they enjoy their subjects. "That's one of the reasons Indian and Chinese children do better.They put more time in it." he added. It's also reported that students who enjoyed school got better results. "Schools could make sure children had a better experience by improving the school environment, making school work interesting and making children feel supported by teachers." Sammons said. It is suggested that children aged 5 t0 7 should be set one-hour homework a week, half an hour a night for 7 t0 11-year-olds. Secondary schools were encouraged to set up two hours a night for 14 t0 16-year-olds. "Head teachers should make their own homework policy ," the government says. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according Io the passage? | [
"What students actually do is as important as how much work schools set.",
"If children enjoy their subjects, they will do much homework",
"Indian and Chinese children spend more time doing homework",
"Children aged 14-16 should spend an hour a night on homework"
] | C. Indian and Chinese children spend more time doing homework | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_89 | When an earthquake wave passes from the crust to the mantle, the wave | [
"reverses direction.",
"changes speed.",
"increases energy.",
"stops moving."
] | B. changes speed. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_61878 | Below is a selection from a popular science book. If blood is red, why are veins blue? Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when it's outside the body, when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it's more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison. Which works harder, your heart or your brain? This question depends on whether you're busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it. Do old people shrink as they age? Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn't because they're shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity . Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again?No, because old people don't really shrink!It is not that they are growing backwards--their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it's because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved. Why does spinning make you dizzy ? Because your brain gets confused between what you're seeing and what you're feeling. The brain senses that you're spinning using special gravity and motion sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning , the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you're moving while you're not! Where do feelings and emotions come from? Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area--from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet. Which of the following statements about our brain is TRUE? | [
"In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.",
"When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.",
"The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.",
"Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain."
] | A. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_32761 | Two numbers A and B are such that the sum of 5% of A and 4% of B is two-third of the sum of 6% of A and 8% of B. Find the ratio of A : B. | [
"2:3",
"1:1",
"3:4",
"4:3",
"5:5"
] | D. 4:3 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_63375 | That"Monday morning feeling"could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday mornings and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break. The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2, 600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day. Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day. A study of 11, 000 Italians proved 8 a. m. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewest heart attacks in both countries. The finding could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can't give clear advice on how to prevent them, "he said. Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressures of work. "When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal changes in their bodies, "Willich explained. "All these things can have an unfavorable effect in the blood system and increase the risk of a clot which will cause a heart attack." "When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activities,"said Willich. If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be? | [
"Improve working conditions.",
"Never go to work on Mondays.",
"Stay with a doctor on Mondays.",
"Get up late on Monday mornings."
] | A. Improve working conditions. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_43244 | Some people would go through anything just to achieve their dream. Kasia Siwosz is proof. For the final year student on the university women's tennis team, the road to Berkeley, University of California was met with poor advice and misinformation from her home country and _ along the way that fell short of expectations. Born in Poland, Siwosz began playing tennis at seven years old and developed the skills that helped her earn a top-50 ranking among the ITF Junior division . Siwosz wanted to do more with her life than just play tennis, which led her to seek chances that would also allow her to obtain a top education. While most who grow up in the U.S. are naturally accustomed to the American tradition of collegiate sports, such a custom is not as familiar in a country like Poland. "There's no collegiate sports in Poland and no culture of sports and academic study there. You can only do one, not both," Siwosz said. Her desire to have a quality education led her to America to follow her dream. While Siwosz was talented enough to begin her collegiate tennis career, she could only attend community college because she missed the deadline to apply to four-year schools, mainly due to misinformation provided in her home country of Poland. When she had earned all her credits and was able to transfer , Siwosz made the decision to attend Baylor in Texas. Her friends from Poland put in a good word for the university, saying that it was a good fit because there were many international players at Baylor. "I thought it would be a good idea, but it really wasn't what I thought it would be," Siwosz said. "I wasn't happy at Baylor. The level of tennis was high, but the academic standards were no match and I just wanted more." After one year at Baylor, Siwosz's luck finally began to change when she made the decision to transfer to Berkeley, which was due in large part to Lee, a former Berkeley student. Lee, who is a keen tennis player himself, met Siwosz four years ago in Texas. "I knew she was unhappy there," he said. "I saw the opportunity for her to come here." Siwosz visited Lee in Berkeley. "I ended up loving this place and this school," Siwosz said. "I came here a lot over the summer, I _ and I ended up with a Berkeley education and a spot on one of the best college tennis teams in the country." Why did she leave Baylor? | [
"The level of tennis there was not high.",
"It was not suitable for international students.",
"She couldn't get along with her friends there.",
"She was not satisfied with the education level there."
] | D. She was not satisfied with the education level there. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_84495 | A man made a nice talking machine .It could weigh people's weight .The man wanted to try the machine before he could make a lot of machines. He put the machine into the waiting room of a station .There were always lots of people in and out . The first one who used the machine was an Indian woman. She stood on the machine, the machine thought for a few seconds to decide which language to speak . "Good morning ,Madam ."it said in Indian . "Your weight is 72 kilograms .That's three kilograms more .If you eat more fruit and vegetables ,you will be soon all right .Please have a nice day ." The second one to use the machine was a Chinese girl .She stood on the machine and waited to hear her weight. " Good morning ,Miss ."the machine said in Chinese ."Your weight is 45 kilograms .It's all right for your age. Keep eating what you eat every day .Please have a nice day." The third one to use the machine was a very fat American woman. She thought for a long time to stand on the machine. The machine spoke quickly in English "Good morning .Will one of you get off?" The man put his first machine_. | [
"in the station",
"in a train",
"in the doctor's waiting room",
"in the women's room"
] | A. in the station | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1709 | Which part of a strawberry plant absorbs most of the water needed by the plant? | [
"flowers",
"fruits",
"leaves",
"roots"
] | D. roots | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_26815 | Growing mushrooms is probably the easiest thing you can do if you are new to mushroom growing. Mushroom growing is becoming more and more common as restaurants are creating more dishes that include mushrooms. Mushroom growing is easy. To start with you need to have a growing space where you are going to grow these mushrooms. It does not have to be too big enough for you to grow as many mushrooms as you need. When you have found the space that is perfect for you, you can start to research what kind of mushrooms you want to grow. There are hundreds of kinds to choose from but not all mushrooms are _ which is an important fact you need to remember before you start. Don't grow mushrooms you can't use or sell. When you figure out what kind of mushrooms you want to grow, you can make some preparations. Sometimes you need to hire some workers to help you if you have a large mushroom farm, or if you are trying to start a professional mushroom growing business. Trying to start a business by yourself can be stressful. If you don't have time to take care of everything yourself, to hire a worker is the best bet. After you have started the mushroom growing, you should regularly check and make sure that your mushrooms are growing properly and that they are not being attacked by any pesticides or any other animals that are potentially dangerous for them. That is the worst situation of mushroom growing. Protect your mushroom farm well with a fence or a gate so that only you and your workers can get in an out. Mushroom growing is not difficult and is a really easy way to get started in the field of farming. You will possibly supply some of the great chefs of the world with high-quality mushrooms that will be enjoyed by thousands of people around the world. What is the main topic of the passage? | [
"It is easy to grow mushrooms.",
"You should hire other people to help you.",
"Growing mushrooms is not easy.",
"Tips for mushroom growing"
] | D. Tips for mushroom growing | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1604 | How does repeating an experiment improve the likelihood of obtaining accurate results? | [
"Data can be compared.",
"Time can be decreased.",
"Equipment can be added.",
"Procedures can be changed."
] | A. Data can be compared. | arc_easy |
arc_easy_948 | The water contained in a geyser system gains energy from the underground material surrounding it. The water molecules gain kinetic energy and this results in an increase in the pressure of the water. Eventually the geyser erupts and expels water into the air above ground. Which of the following types of energy is the source for the initial energy gain of the water? | [
"electrical",
"magnetic",
"mechanical",
"thermal"
] | D. thermal | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_95996 | A group of bunnies move into a field and start to have litters of kits, and soon rabbits are all over the field, so the foxes that live six miles away | [
"relocate to the field",
"eat all the bunnies",
"find new food sources",
"start to go hungry"
] | A. relocate to the field | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_18923 | A mobile phone is no longer just a phone -- it is also a music player, video camera and personal organizer. And mobile phones with television programming are just around the corner. But the more functions cell phone manufacturers add, the greater the amount of power the phones use and the less practical running them on lithium batteries becomes -- so the race to find a viable alternative is on. Two of the world's biggest electronics makers, Hitachi and Toshiba, are currently competing against each other to come up with an alternative, most likely to be micro fuel cells. The task has been set by Japan's second largest mobile phone provider, KDDI, which wants its customers to soon be able to use special television programming on their handsets, and has asked the two electronics companies to come up with a better power source. Hitomi Murakami, of KDDI, says battery-operated mobile phones cannot keep up with the new applications. "We're looking at various ways to expand content and services that we can provide to the people. And we don't want to have battery issues delaying us from doing that," he says. Hitachi's Atsushi Morihara says it is a critical race for both of the companies as the resulting product will have a major impact on the mobile market in the future. "We are in competition and it's up to both of us to come up with a good product. A product that will satisfy KDDI's needs. I think I can go as far to say that the winner will take all." Miniaturized direct methanol fuel cells are different batteries in that they create power instead of simply storing it. That power is made by new technology utilizing cheap methanol. If all gees to plan, come 2007, Japanese phone users will not use an electric charger to power their mobiles, they will instead carry a small bottle of methanol and with just a few squirts, they will have power for their phones. But the method has its downsides, including how passengers will be able to take small mounts of flammable methanol on airliners. Fumio Ueno of Toshiba says that once developed, the uses of miniaturized direct methanol fuel cells have endless possibilities. The lithium batteries are becoming improper for the cell phone because _ . | [
"there is a television in the phone",
"it is inconvenient to use",
"it can't provide enough power",
"people have found substitutes"
] | B. it is inconvenient to use | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93877 | Which is most likely a cancer treatment? | [
"a drug that kills only very small cells",
"a drug that kills only very large cells",
"a drug that kills only slowly dividing cells",
"a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells"
] | D. a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_93776 | The endangered Florida manatee is a large, aquatic mammal that feeds on sea grasses in brackish water. Due to where they like to feed, manatees are vulnerable to injuries from boat propellers. If speed zones requiring boats to maintain a low speed are placed in areas where manatees are known to congregate, which will most likely occur? | [
"less water pollution in manatee habitats will occur",
"manatees will seek alternate food sources",
"new manatee predators will surface",
"manatee populations will increase"
] | D. manatee populations will increase | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_21374 | A report on a new software that enables eyes to do the typing appears in Wednesday's edition of the journal Nature. Replacing a keyboard or mouse, eye-scanning-cameras mounted on computers have become necessary tools for people without limbs or those affected with paralysis. The camera tracks the movement of the eye, allowing users to "type" on a virtual keyboard as they look at the screen. And now, researchers from the Cavendish Laboratory at prefix = st1 /CambridgeUniversitysay they have developed software that replaces the standard QWERTY keyboard layout with one that is nearly twice as efficient, more accurate and easier on the eyes. Called Dasher, the prototype program looks into the natural gaze of the eye and makes predictable words and phrases simpler to write. Any off-the-shelf camera capable of scanning eye movement can be used with Dasher, though the person must sit fairly still during the interaction. The letters of the alphabet appear in a single column on the right of the screen, with an underline symbol to represent a space. Each letter is framed by a color1ed box. As the user looks at a particular letter on the right side of the screen and drags it to the left with their eye, another sub-alphabet column begins to emerge inside the box on the right-hand side, along with more letters framed in color1ed boxes. Dasher is designed to anticipate which letter will be needed, so although the successive sub-alphabet columns are initially very small, the letters or combination of letters that appear are most likely to be used next in that sequence. For example, if a person starts with the letter "h", the language models in Dasher will bring up "a" "e" "i" "o" and "u" in the sub-alphabet box, along with a few other possible combinations like "ello" to form the word "hello". Each box has a complete alphabet within it, though the first letters to appear have the highest probability of usage. The letters are then placed together to form a sentence on the left side of the screen. Researchers say people will be able to write up to 25 words per minute with Dasher compared to on-screen keyboards, which they say average about 15 words per minute. With a bit of practice, MacKay said, Dasher offers an easier and more satisfying way for disabled people to communicate, providing them with better tools to write e-mail or create word processor files. Mackay said Dasher could work in most languages. The software Dasher _ . | [
"is able to predict the next sequence of words the user is going to write",
"can form coherent sentences based on the first word typed in by the user",
"has to be used with eye-scanning cameras specially designed for the software",
"does not allow the user to move a lot during the interaction"
] | D. does not allow the user to move a lot during the interaction | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_5109 | Good Housekeeping has discovered that even if a child wear a helmet when she bikes, or skates, it may not protect her from a serious head injury. Every year, 390,000 children under age 15 go to hospital emergency rooms with bike-related injuries. Of that number, about one third children suffer head injuries and an estimated 200 die. By wearing a helmet, a child can reduce her risk of injury by as much as 85 percent. But remember ---- a bicycle helmet must fit properly to be safe. Here are five steps to making sure your child's helmet fits properly. 1) If you haven't bought your child's helmet already, you might want to consider one with a rear stabilizer . A rear stabilizer holds the back of the head gently and helps the helmet stay correctly positioned. 2) The helmet should fit closely and shouldn't slide from side to side or front to back. If your child can put two fingers on both temples inside the helmet, it's too big. Try a smaller size. But if the next size down is too small, use the fit pads . Fit pads come in different sizes and attach to the helmet with Velcro. 3) Tell your child to open her mouth widely and ask if she can feel the helmet push down onto the top of her head. If she can't, you need to readjust her helmet. 4) To prevent strap slippage, wind a rubber band around the strap where it meets the fastener. 5) Recheck the fit regularly. You should replace the bicycle helmet: If she has been in an accident with it. If the buckle breaks or if a piece breaks off. If it doesn't have a U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, American Society for Testing and Materials, or Snell Memorial Foundation sticker. If it doesn't fit correctly. Even if the helmet fit perfectly two years ago, it might be too small now. Phil White, a father, found the buckle of his girl's helmet broken, he can _ | [
"buy a new bicycle helmet for her",
"mend the bicycle helmet himself",
"continue to use the bicycle helmet",
"throw away the broken buckle"
] | A. buy a new bicycle helmet for her | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_13082 | . As the world's largest terrestrial carnivore ,the polar bear is the king of the great white north. Adult males can measure more than 9 feet in length and weigh between 770 and 1,430 pounds. The bear's body and neck are elongated, and the head is narrow and long with small, rounded ears. Polar bear populations can be found in northern Canada, Greenland, Norway and Russia, and there have been reports that polar bear tracks have been found as far north as the North Pole. The 5,000,000-square-mile range of the polar bear circles the Arctic and contains stretches of open water where seals are easily caught. Polar bears live on the annual Arctic sea ice that provides a platform from which they can hunt. They hunt seals on the sea ice by breaking into seal dens in the sea ice. The dens aren't visible from above,but seeing is less important than smelling to a polar bear -- with their keen sense of smell,polar bears can sense the breathing holes of seals in their dens beneath the snow and ice. As the southern edge of the Arctic ice cap melts in summer, polar bears are stranded on land and spend their summers fasting ,living off body fat stored from hunting in spring and winter. It might come as a surprise that this species faces an uncertain future. Climate change is causing the disappearance of sea ice from which polar bears hunt seals. Sea ice in the Arctic is melting earlier and forming later each year. With about 22,000 polar bears living in the wild,the species is not endangered at the moment, but its future is far from certain. People have reached an agreement that controls the hunting of polar bears and directs each nation to protect their habitats, but it does not protect the bears against the biggest man-made threat to their survival : global warming. If current warming trends continue, scientists believe that polar bears may disappear within 100 years. It can be inferred from the passage that _ . | [
"the polar bear is an endangered species at present",
"we should protect seals in order to keep the food chain in the Arctic",
"the polar bear can be found near the North Pole and the South Pole",
"people will do something to protect polar bears"
] | D. people will do something to protect polar bears | mmlu_train |
aquarat_27762 | If 3/p=4 & 3/q=18 then p-q=? | [
"5/24",
"7/12",
"7/24",
"8/24",
"9/24"
] | B. 7/12 | aquarat |
m1_pref_86 | Consider the following set of frequent 3-itemsets: {1, 2, 3}, {1, 2, 4}, {1, 2, 5}, {1, 3, 4}, {2, 3, 4}, {2, 3, 5}, {3, 4, 5}. Which one is not a candidate 4-itemset? | [
"{1,2,4,5}",
"{1,3,4,5}",
"{2,3,4,5}",
"{1,2,3,4}"
] | B. {1,3,4,5} | m1_pref |
aquarat_1217 | The average of six numbers is 3.95. The average of two of them is 3.4, while the average of the other two is 3.85. What is the average of the remaining two numbers ? | [
"4.7",
"4.6",
"4.2",
"4.1",
"4.9"
] | B. 4.6 | aquarat |
arc_easy_324 | Sodium chloride, commonly called "table salt," is made up of sodium and chlorine that have been combined chemically. Which term best describes sodium chloride? | [
"Acid",
"Atom",
"Element",
"Compound"
] | D. Compound | arc_easy |
arc_challenge_769 | Which is a characteristic of a dog that is most likely a result of its environment? | [
"its color",
"its length of ears",
"its food preference",
"its ability to see in the dark"
] | C. its food preference | arc_challenge |
arc_easy_1488 | When plants and animals die, which organisms help return nutrients to the food chain? | [
"decomposers",
"predators",
"prey",
"producers"
] | A. decomposers | arc_easy |
aquarat_40139 | In the coordinate plane, a circle centered on point (-3, 4) passes through point (1, 1). What is the area of the circle? | [
"9π",
"18π",
"25π",
"37π",
"41π"
] | C. 25π | aquarat |
mmlu_train_88044 | Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat, but how you eat. Here is some advice on healthy eating. Eat with others. It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits. If you usually eat with your parents, you can find that the food you eat is more delicious Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry. Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty---sometimes you are just thirsty, you need no food. Stop eating before you feel full. Eat breakfast. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. After you don't eat for the past ten hours, your body needs food to get you going. You can be cleverer after eating breakfast. Eat healthy snacks like fruits, yogurt or cheese. We all need snacks sometimes. In fact, it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks between your three meals. This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal. Don't eat dinner late. With our busy life, we always put off eating dinner time. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to most of the food before you sleep. Which is TRUE ? | [
"Snacks are bad for our health.",
"We should keeping eating until we are full.",
"Dinner is the most important meal of the day.",
"We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed."
] | D. We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed. | mmlu_train |
m1_pref_273 | Let $S_{0},S_{1},S_{2},\dots$ be an infinite sequence produced by a source $\mathcal{S}$. All $S_{n}$ take values in $\{0,1\}$, and $S_{n+1}$ depends only on $S_n$, that is, $p_{S_{n+1} | S_0, \dots, S_n}(s_{n+1} | s_0, \dots, s_n) = p_{S_{n+1} | S_n}(s_{n+1} | s_n)$. The probability $p_{S_{n+1}|S_{n}}$ is schematically represented in the graph below: egin{center} ikzset{ state/.style = { draw, circle, minimum size = 20pt, font = ontsize{12}{12}\selectfont, } } egin{tikzpicture}[> = latex]
ode[state] (a) {$0$};
ode[state, right of = a] (b) {$1$}; \path[->] (a) edge[bend left, above] node {$1/2$} (b); \path[->] (a) edge[loop left] node {$ rac{1}{2}$} (); \path[->] (b) edge[bend left, below] node {$1/4$} (a); \path[->] (b) edge[loop right] node {$ rac{3}{4}$} (); \end{tikzpicture} \end{center} For instance, the edge from $0$ to $1$ means that $p_{S_{n+1}|S_{n}}(1|0) = rac{1}{2}$. We also have that $p_{S_0}(0)=1$. True or false: $H(\mathcal{S})= h(1/3)$, where $h$ is the binary entropy. | [
"True",
"False"
] | A. True | m1_pref |
mmlu_train_18225 | We often hear people say, "I have a good memory for things like that" or "I can remember names". But do you know memory is the single most important thing and it has played a very important part? For early men, there were dangerous all around them--bad weather, wild animals. The key to keep on living lay in man's ability to remember these dangers and the ways he had dealt with them in the past. In order for memories to be stored, the human brain became more complex. And as man learned how to deal with them, he became civilized . Surprisingly, scientists today understand little about memory and how it works. They have not yet found a way to open up the brain and observe its function without destroying it. Perhaps there are two types of memory: short-term and long-term. Short-term refers to those facts that stay with us for a few seconds to a few hours. For instance, when you stay at a hotel, you remember the room number and forget as soon as you leave. Long-term memory, on the other hand, means you remember things for a long period of time. If you spend your honeymoon in a particular hotel, it's likely that you'll remember your stay quite clearly. Scientists also believe that a short-term memory can become a long-term memory through consolidation . A lot of chemical and physical changes take place in the part of the brain. Although the human brain weighs three pounds, it contains 30 billion nerve cells acting like a computer. When those changes strengthen the links in certain nerve cells, a thought becomes part of the long-term memory. So far the great discovery scientists have made about the function of brain is _ | [
"the weight of brain",
"two types of memory",
"30 billion nerve cells",
"chemical and physical changes"
] | D. chemical and physical changes | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_66660 | Hong Kong, a city of seven million--and growing fast. By the year 2050 Hong Kong's population will almost double. Where will these people live? There's only one place to go--up. Fast forward 50 years.This is the tallest man-made structure on the planet. Its name:Millennium Tower. It would stand twice as tall as anything built before. Over 60 thousand people would live or work here. Millennium's designers think it represents the best solution for the coming population explosion. It would cost ten billion dollars and consume more building materials than any single nation could produce. David Nelson, one of Millennium's key designers, said:"It would be a massive project and a world project. But to actually realize it, resources would have to come from all over the globe. The challenge and the motivation for doing it would be to realize one of the world's largest and most complex construction projects." Millennium would be more complex than anything ever built. So its builders won't know for sure the building is safe until it's up, and they can't afford to make an error. Massive earthquakes have brought down entire cities in this part of the world. Can Millennium's designers make it immune to these quakes of the earth? For Millennium, like all the other buildings, safety is just one concern among many. It will need to be a home, one that welcomes people in. Getting people into the building and making sure they have a great experience well be what makes Millennium successful, but how to do it? For the design team, the secret was to bring all the elements of city life within. Cafes and restaurants, theatres and stores would provide entertainment. Health clubs, even schools and medical clinics would also serve the towers' residents. Millennium's designers have proven something. Things that seem impossible today, might just become reality tomorrow. The engineering problems have, for the most part, already been solved. Our achievements are limited only by our imaginations. Why did the designers decide to build Millennium? | [
"Because they wanted to build the world's most complex building.",
"Because Hong Kong's population will greatly increase.",
"Because Hong Kong is developing fast as an international city.",
"Because it can bring huge profit after it is put to use."
] | B. Because Hong Kong's population will greatly increase. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_31000 | A man rides at the rate of 30km/hr. But stops 30minutes to change horses at the end of every 25th kilometer. How long will he take to go a distance of 150 kilometers? | [
"5hr",
"7hr 30min",
"8hr 10min",
"7hr 20min",
"9hr"
] | B. 7hr 30min | aquarat |
mmlu_train_54993 | We've used the wind as an energy source for a long time. The Babylonians and Chinese were using wind power to pump water for irrigating crops 4,000 years ago, and sailing boats were around long before that. Wind power was used in the Middle Ages, in Europe, to grind corn, which is where the term "windmill" comes from. We can use the energy in the wind by building a tall tower, with a large propeller on the top. The wind blows the propellor round, which turns a generator to produce electricity. We tend to build many of these towers together, to make a "wind farm" and produce more electricity. The more towers, the more wind, and the larger the propellors, the more electricity we can make. It's only worth building wind farms in places that have strong, steady winds, although boats and caravans increasingly have small wind generators to help keep their batteries charged. The best places for wind farms are in coastal areas, at the tops of rounded hills, open plains and gaps in mountains - places where the wind is strong and reliable. Some are offshore. To be worthwhile, you need an average wind speed of around 25 km/h. Most wind farms in the UK are in Cornwall or Wales. Isolated places such as farms may have their own wind generators. In California, several "wind farms" supply electricity to homes around Los Angeles. The propellors are large, to obtain energy from the largest possible volume of air. The blades can be angled to cope with varying wind speeds. Some designs use vertical turbines , which don't need to be turned to face the wind. The towers are tall, to get the propellors as high as possible, up to where the wind is stronger. This means that the land beneath can still be used for farming. The best places for building the wind farm are places where _ . | [
"boats and caravans can often be seen",
"isolated farms don't have enough electricity",
"there are less human activities",
"the wind is strong and reliable"
] | D. the wind is strong and reliable | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_998 | Down feathers are used by many sleeping bag manufacturers because down feathers are | [
"fire resistant.",
"comfortable padding.",
"good insulators.",
"water resistant."
] | C. good insulators. | arc_easy |
aquarat_20786 | .002/?= .01 | [
".2",
".09",
".009",
".0009",
"None of them"
] | A. .2 | aquarat |
aquarat_23719 | A student has 7 trousers and 11 shirts. In how many different ways can the student select a trouser and a shirt? | [
"68",
"77",
"86",
"95",
"104"
] | B. 77 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_1169 | Some businesses offer customers the option to pay for merchandise using their fingerprints as identification. Which of the following would most benefit customers that use this new technology? | [
"cost of product is reduced",
"protection of private information",
"ability to track customer preferences",
"funds would be credited immediately"
] | B. protection of private information | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_46272 | Even facts "forgotten" by people during a busy day may be retrieved if this is followed by a good night's sleep. Researchers from the University of Chicago asked volunteers to remember simple words.Many found their memories letting them down towards the end of the day, but the following morning, those who had slept well could recall much more. Researchers, writing in the journal Nature, said the brain could "rescue" lost memories during the night. When the brain is first asked to remember something that memory is laid down in an "unstable" state, meaning that it is possible that it could be lost.At some point, the brain consolidates those it deems important into a "stable", more permanent state.However, the Chicago researchers suggested that it was possible for a "stable" memory to be made "unstable" again.This would mean that memories could be modified then filed away again in the face of new experiences. The 12 volunteers tested in the experiment were played words created through a speech synthesizer which were purposely difficult to understand.Initially, the written version of the word from the audio version only.Tests revealed that the ability to recall the right word tended to tail off as the day ended. However, when the volunteers were retested after a good night's sleep, they were able to recall some words that they had " forgotten" the previous evening. Dr Daniel, one of the study authors, said: "Sleep consolidates memories, protecting them against subsequent interference or decay.Sleep also appears to "recover" or restore memories." He said: "If performance is reduced by decay, sleep might actively recover what has been lost." Dr Karim Nader, from the Department of Psychology in McGill University in Montreal, said: "Memory research is undergoing a transformation---no longer is memory thought to be a hard-writing of the brain, instead it seems to be a process of storage and restorage." Sleep helps some memories "mature" and also prunes out unimportant memories. According to the passage, memory _ | [
"is a hard-writing of the brain",
"is not a process of storage",
"is not a process of restorage",
"will be mature with the help of sleep"
] | D. will be mature with the help of sleep | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_78512 | We have now known something about computers---computers work for us at home, in offices and in factories. But it is also true that many children today are using computers at schools before they can write. What does this mean for the future? Are these children lucky or not? Many people do not know about computers and they think of them as machines that children play with. They worry that children do not learn from experience but just from pressing* a button* and that this is not good for them. They think that children are growing not knowing about the real world. And they are very worried about that their children will lose themselves in the computer games. But many people understand more about computers, they say that computers can be very good for children. A computer can help them to learn about the real world more quickly, to learn what they want to learn and think for themselves. And for the future, don't we need people who can think clearly, who know how to get information quickly and use it well? What do you think? For example, e-mail is very popular at this moment. Do you know about e-mail? E-mail is a way of sending messages to other people. E-mail is a fast and cheap way to keep in touch with friends and family. It's much quicker than sending a letter. People who use e-mail have an e-mail address. This address must have letters and dots* and the symbol "@"meaning "at". This is what an address looks like. People can send the messages across the Internet. It is quick, easy and fun. What does the writer think of the computers? | [
"It's a bad thing.",
"It's a good thing",
"It's not good or bad",
"Sorry, I don't know."
] | B. It's a good thing | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_37 | When oxygen combines with hydrogen, which substance is formed? | [
"water",
"vinegar",
"hydrochloric acid",
"hydrogen dioxide"
] | A. water | arc_easy |
arc_easy_1163 | Which of these is a nonliving part of a forest? | [
"Tree",
"Soil",
"Worm",
"Mushroom"
] | B. Soil | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_48641 | Before leaving work, Steve Lee likes to use his cell phone to turn on his heat and air condition system at home. So by the time he gets through traffic into his front door, the temperature inside is perfect. You may wonder what a so-called smart home can do inside. Lee works for a company called Smarthome. com, testing and living with many of his company's home automation gadgets , like this multifunction touch screen that controls devices around the house and even connects to the Internet traffic cameras. "I have cameras, and they follow all the way down the freeway to work, "said Lee with pride, "What's going on at home when you are away? No problem, install some wireless cameras and controllers and from any computer in the world with an Internet connection, you can watch your house. " "You can check on the house, and I can look at the temperature. Believe it or not, if I want to turn on lights ahead of time, I can, "added Lee. We sat in Steve's California kitchen and with the right password, turned on the kitchen counter lights at his boss' house in Wisconsin. Steve did have permission to log on . "If you do know the password and you want to play a trick on your wife, you could turn lights on and off remotely. " This new technology, which can automatically turn on water sprinklers when humidity is low, or turn off a pool pump when it is not in use, is no longer expensive. Several hundred dollars for a basic system is enough and it is not hard to install. Sure the convenience is nice but many people who like the security advantages like making sure kids are safe with the help of camera monitors and bedside alerts. "I can notice that maybe one of my children wakes up in the middle of the night once the light switch is turned on. " What a smart home can't do is get you a snack and you have to leave the couch for that. What can't a smart home do according to the passage? | [
"Turning on the light automatically.",
"Getting the owner some food.",
"Turning off a pool pump.",
"Watching over the home's safety."
] | B. Getting the owner some food. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_61589 | A new study has discovered that meditation and oxygen sport together reduce depression .The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent. "We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non--depressed students,"said lead author Dr.Brandon Alderman."It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression." Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in _ depression.Alderman and Dr.Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them. Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing,enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention. Shors,who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus--part of the brain involved in memory and learning--says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive. The idea for the human intervention came from her laboratory studies,she says,with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events. By learning to focus their attention and exercise,people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past,Shors says. "We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health."said Alderman."The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost." What is Shors'main purpose of her studies? | [
"To find out certain brain cells of humans.",
"To study the production of new brain cells.",
"To offer people a new method to treat stress.",
"To decide the links between stress and exercise."
] | C. To offer people a new method to treat stress. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_53670 | Three persons invested Rs.9000 in a joint business. The second person invested Rs.1000 more than the first and the third Rs.1000 more than second. After two years, they gained Rs.5400. How much third person will get? | [
"2400",
"1871",
"1167",
"1890",
"1628"
] | A. 2400 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_68684 | A 13-year-old American has made a cheap machine that can help blind people read. The blind can read by using _ - a system of small bumps that the blind touch to read the letters. The machine that makes these small bumps usually costs at least $2,000. It is called Braille writer. The American schoolboy, Shubham Banerjee, made a new Braille writer from a Lego tool that lets people create robots. Banerjee has called his new machine the Braigo - a combination of the words Braille and Lego. It costs just $ 350. It works by changing electronic text into Braille and then printing it using a computer or mobile machine. Banerjee designed his Braigo last year for a school science exhibition. Since then, he has caught the interest of Silicon Valley in the USA. The big technology company Intel spent money on Banerjee's machine last November, but they did not say how much money they put in. Banerjee also got $35, 000 from his father to help him start the project. His father works as a computer engineer at Intel. He spoke about why he gave so much money to his son, saying:"We as parents started to be interested more, thinking that he's on to something and this invention has to continue." Banerjee told the AP News: "My dream would probably be having most of the blind people...using my Braigo." What does the Braigo change into Braille? | [
"Photocopies.",
"Voices.",
"Electronic text.",
"Computer languages."
] | C. Electronic text. | mmlu_train |
aquarat_45519 | Rs. 6000 is lent out in two parts. One part is lent at 2% p.a simple interest and the other is lent at 10% p.a simple interest. The total interest at the end of one year was Rs. 450. Find the ratio of the amounts lent at the lower rate and higher rate of interest? | [
"5:11",
"5:6",
"5:2",
"5:8",
"5:2"
] | A. 5:11 | aquarat |
aquarat_49915 | Given a certain number (Q), find Q given that 1 is 5% of 25% of Q? | [
"80",
"60",
"95",
"100",
"110"
] | A. 80 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_95598 | organic life requires certain things to grow such as | [
"nutritional values",
"zinc",
"acid",
"darkness"
] | A. nutritional values | mmlu_train |
arc_challenge_747 | If a child scrapes his foot on a piece of rusty metal, it is important to get medical treatment because the | [
"metal is corrosive to the skin.",
"foot carries large amounts of bacteria.",
"foot is the most sensitive part of the body.",
"metal may be contaminated and cause infection."
] | D. metal may be contaminated and cause infection. | arc_challenge |
mmlu_train_30282 | Bean and other seed shoots are also known as sprouts . The dry bean seeds contain a store of nutrients just waiting to be released when they sprout. Under the right conditions they will germinate . As they grow, the food value of the seeds is multiplied into vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. This happens almost overnight! It is easy to grow your own sprouts, but you need to buy your seeds from supermarkets or health food stores. Seeds for planting in the garden are often powdered with chemicals, so when becoming sprouts they are not safe to eat. Try growing sprouts from a variety of beans and seeds. You will find different sprouts at different stages. Bean sprouts are best when they are about three centimeters long. Wheat and sunflower sprouts taste best when the sprouts and the seeds are of the same length. If the sunflower sprout is too long it leaves a funny stinging feeling in the throat after eating. Alfalfa sprouts are best when their small leaves are well developed. Pea and soybean sprouts are good long or short. If you leave your sprouts in filtered sunlight for a few hours, the leaves will turn green as chlorophyll is added. Eating sprouts with green leaves benefits your blood, cells, and the digestive system. As sprouts grow, the food value of the seeds will _ . | [
"increase",
"decrease",
"remain the same",
"lose"
] | A. increase | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1921 | Fourth graders are planning a roller-skate race. Which surface would be the best for this race? | [
"gravel",
"sand",
"blacktop",
"grass"
] | C. blacktop | arc_easy |
aquarat_3844 | The average salary of a person for the months of January, February, March and April is Rs.8000 and that for the months February, March, April and May is Rs.8450. If his salary for the month of May is Rs.6500, find his salary for the month of January? | [
"2177",
"2876",
"4700",
"2981",
"2711"
] | C. 4700 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_78882 | The first robot was invented in the 1920s. Robots have appeared in many American films. In some films, they are stronger, faster and cleverer than people. In real life, robots are mainly used in factories. They do some dangerous and difficult jobs for humans. Robots also help disabled people, for example, blind people. Today many blind people have a guide dog to help them. In the future, guide dogs might be robot dogs. One kind of robot guide dog has wheels. It moves in front of the owner. It is very clever. It knows the speed of its owner's walk. The owner wears a special belt. The belt sends instructions to the owner from the dog, such as "Stop here" "Turn left" or "Turn right". In the United States, another kind of robot helps disabled people to take care of themselves in their daily life. The robot hears the sound of its owner's voice. It follows instructions such as. "Turn the page" or "Make a cup of coffee". Robots are also used in American hospitals. They can do simple jobs. At one hospital, for example, a robot takes meals from the kitchen to patients' rooms. It never gets lost because this robot has a map of the hospital in its computer memory. Though robots can help people in many different ways, they will never take the place of humans. ,. Some disabled people need robots' help to _ . | [
"take care of themselves",
"talk to other people",
"become scientists",
"do dangerous jobs."
] | A. take care of themselves | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_91673 | Qi Haoran, a Junior 1 student at High School Attached to Harbin Institute of Technology, was quite busy over the past winter vacation--and not just with homework. Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign . The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food."Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven't got enough to eat? Could you please not waste food?"They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day. China in recent years has experienced serious problems with wasted food. CCTV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. It's a tradition that Chinese people offer lots of food when they invite others to dinner. Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all their food. Luckily the campaign has got the support of many. In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner gives the guests who have eaten up all that they ordered a sticker. People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers. More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers home. Wasting food is a serious problem around the world, not only in China. It's said that 2 billion tons of food ends up as waste every year in our country. This is as much as half of all the food in the world. The UN Environment Program and the Food and Agriculture Organization held a"Think, Eat, Save" program on January 24 to help reduce food waste. To reduce food waste is a big task, and it needs time. It's important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi. Did you finish your meals today? From the passage , we can know that _ . | [
"wasting food is a serious problem in China",
"Chinese people waste the most food in January",
"200 million Chinese people invite others to dinner every day",
"Chinese people usually don't offer enough food to their guests"
] | A. wasting food is a serious problem in China | mmlu_train |
aquarat_39246 | If the price of a certain bond on May 1st was 3/4 the price of the bond on June 1st and the price of the bond on July 1st was 50% greater than the price of the bond on May 1st. then the price of the bond on June 1st st was what percent of the average (arithmetic mean) price of the bond on May 1st and July 1st? | [
"50%",
"114.28%",
"120%",
"133 1/3%",
"150%"
] | B. 114.28% | aquarat |
mmlu_train_10497 | A new study has found some secrets of people's understanding of large numbers. Researchers studied a group of people who were born deaf and never learned any spoken language or a formal sign language, but they have developed a gesture system to communicate with people around them. The gestures let them express approximate amounts, but not exact numbers. "Up to three, they're fine," says Elizabet Spaepen, a researcher at the University of Chicago and an author of the study. "But past three, they start to fall apart." In one test, Spaepen would knock her fist against a study participant's fist a certain number of times and then ask them to respond with the same number of knocks. "If I were to knock four times on their fist, they might knock on my fist five times," she says. The finding offers a clue to just how much language affects our understanding of numbers. That has been a big question since 2004, when other researchers published data on two tribes in the Amazon whose members also lack words for big numbers. "What they have are words that mean one and two," Spaepen says, "and then they have a word to mean many." Members of the Amazonian tribes also had trouble matching numbers larger than three or four. But some scholars felt that these earlier studies failed to prove that language was the reason. They pointed out that the tribes lived in groups that didn't use money and had no need for exact numbers. The new research appears to answer that criticism. "It proves that the kinds of problems in understanding numbers that we found in the Amazonian tribes are not due to just the cultural or environmental circumstances," says Peter Gordon of Columbia University, one of the researchers involved in the earlier studies. According to the passage, the new study _ . | [
"ignored the cultural influence on the participants",
"is doubted by many people",
"has found it is harder to learn numbers than learning a sign language",
"has shown that our understanding of numbers is influenced by our mastering of language."
] | D. has shown that our understanding of numbers is influenced by our mastering of language. | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_24804 | Eating a diet high in processed food increases the risk of depression , research suggests. What's more, people who ate plenty of vegetables, fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression, the University College London team found. Data on diet among 3,500 middle-aged civil servants were compared with their emotional state five years later, a British journal reported. They split the participants into two types of diet--those who ate a diet largely based on whole food,which includes lots of fruit, vegetables and fish,and those who ate a mainly processed food diet, such as sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat,refined grains and high fat dairy products After accounting for factors such as gender, age, education, physical activity, smoking habits and chronic diseases, they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets. Those who ate the most wholefood had a 26% lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood. By contrast, people with a diet high in processed food had a 58% higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods. Study author Dr. Archana Singh Manoux pointed out there was a chance that the finding could be explained by lifestyle factor they had not accounted for. He also pointed in a paper that a Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the likelihood of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high. Dr.Andrew McCulloeh, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health. He added people's diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy. The UK population is consuming less nutritious, fresh produce and more saturated fats and sugars. Dr. Andrew McCulloch agrees that _ . | [
"our diets are closely related to our mental health",
"the present study needs more facts and other information",
"the UK population will become ill in the near future",
"more saturated fats and sugars should be taken in"
] | A. our diets are closely related to our mental health | mmlu_train |
mmlu_train_32186 | Life on Mars could become a reality and it could happen in your lifetime. A welcoming planet Scientists say Earth's neighbor Mars, a bright red planet about half Earth's size, is the most likely to support human life. Mars even has frozen water on its surface. Since the late 1990s, NASA has been exploring Mars using remote-controlled vehicles . Most recently Curiosity, a car-size vehicle, traveled through space on an unpiloted spacecraft and landed on Mars in August 2012. Directed by NASA scientists , the vehicles move on the surface, taking pictures , collecting and analyzing soil, and looking for signs of life. But what about human explorers? Plans are already in the works to send astronauts to Mars as soon as the mid-2030s. _ But before you start packing your bags, let's consider the challenges. For starters, Mars is far away. Just getting there could take up to 10 months. Scientists already know that time away from Earth's gravity harms the human body. Bones and muscles get weaker. The body produces less blood. What damage would months and months of living in space do? And then there is the matter of water, oxygen, food and fuel. Scientists will have to find solutions to these problems, or the first humans on Mars won't survive very long in their new home. Tiny Dangers There's another tinier risk. It's so tiny that you can't even see it: germs. Some scientists believe that our germs could pollute the whole planet of Mars. Potentially killing Martian life before we have the chance to discover it. Worse, there is a small but terrifying chance that any microscopic life already there might be harmful to us . Worse still, if any of those Martian germs were brought back to Earth, the result could be disastrous. Animals, plants, and people could be wiped out. Worth the $$$? A more practical concern is the cost. The price could approach $ 1 trillion . How can we justify spending that much when so many problems--poverty, disease--could use the cash here on Earth? Which of the following is TRUE according to the "A welcoming planet" part? | [
"Mars is a little bigger than Earth.",
"There are flowing rivers on Mars.",
"People haven't been to Mars so far.",
"Scientists have discovered signs of life on Mars."
] | C. People haven't been to Mars so far. | mmlu_train |
arc_easy_1281 | When a cold front moves over a land region that has warm, moist air, a transfer of energy occurs. Cold air sinks and pushes warmer air upward. As energy is removed from the air, which change will most likely take place? | [
"Ozone in the atmosphere will decrease.",
"Less ultraviolet radiation will reach the land.",
"More water will be absorbed from the area lakes.",
"Water in the atmosphere will undergo a phase change."
] | D. Water in the atmosphere will undergo a phase change. | arc_easy |
mmlu_train_53291 | It seems hard to watch someone yawn and not to yawn ourselves. Even reading about yawning can make you do it. Now, a new study has found why yawning has such a powerful force. Yawning when others yawn, the study suggests, is a sign of pity and a form of social connection. Kids don't develop this deeply rooted behavior until around age four, the study found. Kids with autism are less likely to catch yawns. In the most serious cases, they never do. Yawning might help doctors to see whether the children are developing rightly. The work could also lead to a better understanding of the ways that people communicate and connect. "Emotional infection seems to be a born thing that connects us together," said Molly Helt, a graduate student in psychology at the University of Connecticut. "Yawning may be part of that." Inspiration for her study came when she tried to get her own autistic son to clear his ears on an airplane. She repeatedly yawned at him, hoping he would yawn back. He never did. "The fact that autistic kids don't do it might mean they're really missing out on that emotional connection with people around them," she said. "The biggest thing people try to figure out after birth is how we become humans and understand that humans have minds that are different from others'," she added. "Autistic people never seem to understand that." Like infectious laughter and crying, scientists have found that yawning is a shared experience that promotes social connection. Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group. According to Molly Helt, _ . | [
"humans differ from animals because they communicate with others",
"yawning is a kind of emotional connection among humans",
"emotions are infectious, but yawning is not",
"yawning helps clear ears on planes"
] | B. yawning is a kind of emotional connection among humans | mmlu_train |
aquarat_30273 | Mary purchased Brand X pens for $2 apiece and brand Y for $1 apiece. If Elena purchased a total of 12 of these pens for $20.00, how many brand X pens did she purchase? | [
"8",
"9",
"5",
"4",
"6"
] | A. 8 | aquarat |
aquarat_39715 | The function f is defined for all positive integers n by the following rule. f(n) is the number of positive integers each of which is less than n and has no positive factor in common with n other than 1. If p is any prime, number then f(p)= | [
"p-1",
"p-2",
"",
"",
"2"
] | A. p-1 | aquarat |
arc_easy_977 | Which of the following describes how a microwave oven heats food? | [
"The oven's interior reflects heat onto the food.",
"The oven's interior, like a lens, focuses heat onto the food.",
"Water molecules in the food reflect energy from microwave radiation.",
"Water molecules in the food absorb the energy of microwave radiation."
] | D. Water molecules in the food absorb the energy of microwave radiation. | arc_easy |
aquarat_45239 | A dishonest dealer professes to sell goods at the cost price but uses a false weight and gains 25%. Find his false weight age? | [
"7",
"9",
"8",
"4",
"5"
] | C. 8 | aquarat |
mmlu_train_66846 | A fit and healthy teenage rugby player died 12 hours after taking treatment for acne ,an officer,Mary Hassel,said today. She said Shaun Jones,14,died "as a result of complications of medical treatment". Shaun,who was described by his mother as "vain" about his appearance,saw Dr Jones,his family doctor,about spors on his back and shoulders after learning his friends had been given medication to deal with similar problems. The boy,who had previously used Clearasil to treat the spots,was diagnosed with mild acne and given a prescription. But when he went to his local chemist's with his mother,he was told the drug was not available. They said they had contacted Dr Jones(in fact they didn't),and Shaun could be given different pills which were the same as the drug originally prescribed. Mrs. Jones noriced there was no safety instructions included in the box,but thought nothing of it at the time. Shaun took the drug just before going to bed at 10:30 pm. Little more than an hourlater, he complained of shortness of breath and tighmess in his chest. Mrs. . Jones initially contacted an out--of--hours GP service but was told no doctor was available. When Shaun's condition became worse,he was rushed to the Royal Glamorgan Hospital by ambulance in the early hours of the next morning. Despite treatment there,and at the University Hospital of Wales,Cardiff,where he was transferred,Shaun died at 10:40 am the following day. Doctors at the hospital believe an unusual reaction to the acne drug could have caused his death. Hassel said she would write a report to the Lord Chancellor's office imdedining the impor-tailce that "doctors prescribe drugs and doctors make adjustments and patients receive drugs with the correct information attached". The reason why Shaun was transferred to the University Hospital of Wales was that _ | [
"there were no doctors available at his local hospital",
"his family doctor suggested he be transferred there",
"he was expected to get better treallment at the hospital",
"the doctors in RoyalGlamorganHospitalwere too busy"
] | C. he was expected to get better treallment at the hospital | mmlu_train |
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