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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
50,482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood | A flood is an overflow of water (or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are of significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering and public health. Human changes to the environment often increas... | Flood | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 6,967 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Earth phenomena",
"Hydrology",
"Weather hazards",
"Weather",
"Natural disasters",
"Flood",
"Meteorological phenomena",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water"
] |
50,513 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanin | Melanin (; ) is a family of biomolecules organized as oligomers or polymers, which among other functions provide the pigments of many organisms. Melanin pigments are produced in a specialized group of cells known as melanocytes.
There are five basic types of melanin: eumelanin, pheomelanin, neuromelanin, allomelanin a... | Melanin | [
"Biology"
] | 6,063 | [
"Human skin color",
"Pigmentation"
] |
50,530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole%20%28animal%29 | Moles are small, subterranean mammals. They have cylindrical bodies, velvety fur, very small, inconspicuous eyes and ears, reduced hindlimbs, and short, powerful forelimbs with large paws adapted for digging.
The word "mole" most commonly refers to many species in the family Talpidae (which are named after the Latin w... | Mole (animal) | [
"Biology"
] | 3,283 | [
"Pests (organism)",
"Agricultural pests"
] |
50,555 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domoic%20acid | Domoic acid (DA) is a kainic acid-type neurotoxin that causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). It is produced by algae and accumulates in shellfish, sardines, and anchovies. When sea lions, otters, cetaceans, humans, and other predators eat contaminated animals, poisoning may result. Exposure to this compound affects... | Domoic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,945 | [
"Chelating agents",
"Process chemicals"
] |
50,557 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoplankton | Phytoplankton () are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems. The name comes from the Greek words (), meaning 'plant', and (), meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'.
Phytoplankton obtain their energy through photosynthesis, as trees and other pl... | Phytoplankton | [
"Biology"
] | 4,821 | [
"Aquatic ecology",
"Ecosystems"
] |
50,563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose | Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits. It is produced naturally in plants and is the main constituent of white sugar. It has the molecular formula .
For human consumption, sucrose is extracted and refined from either sugarcane or sugar beet. Sugar mills – typically located in tr... | Sucrose | [
"Chemistry"
] | 6,654 | [
"Glycobiology",
"Carbohydrates",
"Glycosides",
"Biomolecules"
] |
50,564 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray%20code | The reflected binary code (RBC), also known as reflected binary (RB) or Gray code after Frank Gray, is an ordering of the binary numeral system such that two successive values differ in only one bit (binary digit).
For example, the representation of the decimal value "1" in binary would normally be "" and "2" would be... | Gray code | [
"Mathematics"
] | 12,155 | [
"Mathematical objects",
"Numeral systems",
"Arithmetic",
"Binary arithmetic",
"Numbers"
] |
50,571 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation%20engineering | Transportation engineering or transport engineering is the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of transportation to provide for the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally com... | Transportation engineering | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,023 | [
"Industrial engineering",
"Construction",
"Transportation engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"nan"
] |
50,578 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queueing%20theory | Queueing theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues. A queueing model is constructed so that queue lengths and waiting time can be predicted. Queueing theory is generally considered a branch of operations research because the results are often used when making business decisions about the resources ne... | Queueing theory | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,551 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Operations research"
] |
50,582 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zircon | Zircon () is a mineral belonging to the group of nesosilicates and is a source of the metal zirconium. Its chemical name is zirconium(IV) silicate, and its corresponding chemical formula is ZrSiO4. An empirical formula showing some of the range of substitution in zircon is (Zr1–y, REEy)(SiO4)1–x(OH)4x–y. Zircon precipi... | Zircon | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 2,315 | [
"Luminescence",
"Refractory materials",
"Luminescent minerals",
"Materials",
"Gemstones",
"Matter"
] |
50,589 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanking | Spanking is a form of corporal punishment involving the act of striking, with either the palm of the hand or an implement, the buttocks of a person to cause physical pain. The term spanking broadly encompasses the use of either the hand or implement, though the use of certain implements can also be characterized as oth... | Spanking | [
"Biology"
] | 2,008 | [
"Harassment and bullying",
"Behavior",
"Aggression"
] |
50,604 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interacting%20boson%20model | The interacting boson model (IBM) is a model in nuclear physics in which
nucleons (protons or neutrons) pair up, essentially
acting as a single particle with boson properties, with
integral spin of either 2 (d-boson) or 0 (s-boson). They correspond to a quintuplet and singlet, i.e. 6 states.
It is sometimes known as t... | Interacting boson model | [
"Physics"
] | 291 | [
"Nuclear and atomic physics stubs",
"Nuclear physics"
] |
50,609 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear%20shell%20model | In nuclear physics, atomic physics, and nuclear chemistry, the nuclear shell model utilizes the Pauli exclusion principle to model the structure of atomic nuclei in terms of energy levels. The first shell model was proposed by Dmitri Ivanenko (together with E. Gapon) in 1932. The model was developed in 1949 following i... | Nuclear shell model | [
"Physics"
] | 4,842 | [
"Nuclear physics"
] |
50,623 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod | In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, is the command and system call used to change the access permissions and the special mode flags (the setuid, setgid, and sticky flags) of file system objects (files and directories). Collectively these were originally called its modes, and the name was chosen as an abbreviatio... | Chmod | [
"Technology"
] | 2,098 | [
"IBM i Qshell commands",
"Standard Unix programs",
"Computing commands",
"Plan 9 commands",
"Inferno (operating system) commands"
] |
50,627 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformal%20map | In mathematics, a conformal map is a function that locally preserves angles, but not necessarily lengths.
More formally, let and be open subsets of . A function is called conformal (or angle-preserving) at a point if it preserves angles between directed curves through , as well as preserving orientation. Conformal... | Conformal map | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,089 | [
"Geometric measurement",
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Physical quantities",
"Map projections",
"Coordinate systems",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Angle"
] |
50,650 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy | Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest include planets, moons, stars, nebulae, galaxies, meteoroids, asteroids, and comets. Rel... | Astronomy | [
"Astronomy"
] | 8,636 | [
"nan",
"Outer space",
"Solar System"
] |
50,652 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20convergence | In the mathematical field of analysis, uniform convergence is a mode of convergence of functions stronger than pointwise convergence. A sequence of functions converges uniformly to a limiting function on a set as the function domain if, given any arbitrarily small positive number , a number can be found such that e... | Uniform convergence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,553 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Functions and mappings",
"Convergence (mathematics)",
"Mathematical structures",
"Series (mathematics)",
"Calculus",
"Mathematical objects",
"Mathematical relations"
] |
50,678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias%20Jakob%20Schleiden | Matthias Jakob Schleiden (; 5 April 1804 – 23 June 1881) was a German botanist and co-founder of cell theory, along with Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow. He published some poems and non-scientific work under the pseudonym Ernst.
Career
Matthias Jakob Schleiden was born in Hamburg. on 5 April 1804. His father was th... | Matthias Jakob Schleiden | [
"Biology"
] | 895 | [
"Non-Darwinian evolution",
"Biology theories",
"Proto-evolutionary biologists"
] |
50,680 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funicular | A funicular ( ) is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends of a haulage cable, which is looped over a pulley at the upper end of the tr... | Funicular | [
"Technology"
] | 3,202 | [
"Vertical transport devices",
"Transport systems"
] |
50,702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental%20engineering | Environmental engineering is a professional engineering discipline related to environmental science. It encompasses broad scientific topics like chemistry, biology, ecology, geology, hydraulics, hydrology, microbiology, and mathematics to create solutions that will protect and also improve the health of living organism... | Environmental engineering | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,085 | [
"Chemical engineering",
"Construction",
"Civil engineering",
"nan",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
50,705 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction%20engineering | Construction engineering, also known as construction operations, is a professional subdiscipline of civil engineering that deals with the designing, planning, construction, and operations management of infrastructure such as roadways, tunnels, bridges, airports, railroads, facilities, buildings, dams, utilities and oth... | Construction engineering | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,154 | [
"Building engineering",
"Industrial engineering",
"Construction",
"Transportation engineering",
"Civil engineering",
"nan",
"Construction management",
"Architecture"
] |
50,719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20harmonic%20oscillator | The quantum harmonic oscillator is the quantum-mechanical analog of the classical harmonic oscillator. Because an arbitrary smooth potential can usually be approximated as a harmonic potential at the vicinity of a stable equilibrium point, it is one of the most important model systems in quantum mechanics. Furthermore... | Quantum harmonic oscillator | [
"Physics"
] | 4,165 | [
"Quantum models",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
50,723 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence%20of%20random%20variables | In probability theory, there exist several different notions of convergence of sequences of random variables, including convergence in probability, convergence in distribution, and almost sure convergence. The different notions of convergence capture different properties about the sequence, with some notions of converg... | Convergence of random variables | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,566 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Functions and mappings",
"Convergence (mathematics)",
"Mathematical structures",
"Mathematical objects",
"Mathematical relations"
] |
50,732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme%20value%20theory | Extreme value theory or extreme value analysis (EVA) is the study of extremes in statistical distributions.
It is widely used in many disciplines, such as structural engineering, finance, economics, earth sciences, traffic prediction, and geological engineering. For example, EVA might be used in the field of hydrology... | Extreme value theory | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,342 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Actuarial science"
] |
50,798 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia | Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder where people have trouble sleeping. They may have difficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep for as long as desired. Insomnia is typically followed by daytime sleepiness, low energy, irritability, and a depressed mood. It may result in an increased risk of ac... | Insomnia | [
"Biology"
] | 9,775 | [
"Sleeplessness and sleep deprivation",
"Behavior",
"Sleep",
"Sleep disorders"
] |
50,863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stored%20energy%20printer | A stored energy printer is a computer printer that uses the energy stored in a spring or magnetic field to push a hammer through a ribbon to print a dot. As compared to dot matrix printers that print a single column of dots at a time, this printer generally creates an entire line of dots at a time. Therefore, it is als... | Stored energy printer | [
"Technology"
] | 476 | [
"Computer peripherals",
"Computing stubs",
"Components"
] |
50,896 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20station | A space station (or orbital station) is a spacecraft which remains in orbit and hosts humans for extended periods of time. It therefore is an artificial satellite featuring habitation facilities. The purpose of maintaining a space station varies depending on the program. Most often space stations have been research sta... | Space station | [
"Astronomy"
] | 3,598 | [
"Outer space",
"Solar System"
] |
50,903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelet | A wavelet is a wave-like oscillation with an amplitude that begins at zero, increases or decreases, and then returns to zero one or more times. Wavelets are termed a "brief oscillation". A taxonomy of wavelets has been established, based on the number and direction of its pulses. Wavelets are imbued with specific prope... | Wavelet | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 6,050 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Signal processing",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Time–frequency analysis",
"Frequency-domain analysis"
] |
50,909 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis%20function | In mathematics, a basis function is an element of a particular basis for a function space. Every function in the function space can be represented as a linear combination of basis functions, just as every vector in a vector space can be represented as a linear combination of basis vectors.
In numerical analysis and a... | Basis function | [
"Mathematics"
] | 348 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Mathematical objects",
"Computational mathematics",
"Mathematical relations",
"Numerical analysis",
"Linear algebra",
"Types of functions",
"Approximations",
"Algebra"
] |
50,958 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur%20dioxide | Sulfur dioxide (IUPAC-recommended spelling) or sulphur dioxide (traditional Commonwealth English) is the chemical compound with the formula . It is a colorless gas with a pungent smell that is responsible for the odor of burnt matches. It is released naturally by volcanic activity and is produced as a by-product of cop... | Sulfur dioxide | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 5,127 | [
"Redox",
"Molecules",
"Reducing agents",
"Signal transduction",
"Hypervalent molecules",
"Triatomic molecules",
"Gaseous signaling molecules",
"Industrial gases",
"Chemical process engineering",
"Matter"
] |
50,964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%20number | In number theory, a Liouville number is a real number with the property that, for every positive integer , there exists a pair of integers with such that
The inequality implies that Liouville numbers possess an excellent sequence of rational number approximations. In 1844, Joseph Liouville proved a bound showing th... | Liouville number | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,253 | [
"Approximations",
"Irrational numbers",
"Mathematical objects",
"Mathematical relations",
"nan",
"Articles containing proofs",
"Diophantine approximation",
"Mathematical constants",
"Numbers",
"Number theory"
] |
50,969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20computing%20and%20IT%20abbreviations | This is a list of computing and IT acronyms, initialisms and abbreviations.
0–9
1GL—first-generation programming language
1NF—first normal form
10B2—10BASE-2
10B5—10BASE-5
10B-F—10BASE-F
10B-FB—10BASE-FB
10B-FL—10BASE-FL
10B-FP—10BASE-FP
10B-T—10BASE-T
100B-FX—100BASE-FX
100B-TX—100BASE-TX
100BVG—100BASE... | List of computing and IT abbreviations | [
"Technology"
] | 10,499 | [
"Computing terminology",
"Computing-related lists",
"Computer jargon",
"Lists of computer terms",
"Natural language and computing"
] |
51,012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20K.%20Kao | Sir Charles Kao Kuen () (November 4, 1933 – September 23, 2018) was a Chinese physicist and Nobel laureate who contributed to the development and use of fibre optics in telecommunications. In the 1960s, Kao created various methods to combine glass fibres with lasers in order to transmit digital data, which laid the gro... | Charles K. Kao | [
"Engineering"
] | 4,379 | [
"Institution of Engineering and Technology",
"Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology"
] |
51,013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slurry%20pipeline | A slurry pipeline is a specially engineered pipeline used to move ores, such as coal or iron, or mining waste, called tailings, over long distances. A mixture of the ore concentrate and water, called slurry, is pumped to its destination and the water is filtered out. Due to the abrasive properties of slurry, the pipeli... | Slurry pipeline | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,086 | [
"Mining equipment"
] |
51,018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil%20defense%20siren | A civil defense siren is a siren used to provide an emergency population warning to the general population of approaching danger. Initially designed to warn city dwellers of air raids (air-raid sirens) during World War II, they were later used to warn of nuclear attack and natural disasters, such as tornadoes (tornado ... | Civil defense siren | [
"Technology"
] | 15,207 | [
"Warning systems",
"Emergency population warning systems"
] |
51,025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroplating | Electroplating, also known as electrochemical deposition or electrodeposition, is a process for producing a metal coating on a solid substrate through the reduction of cations of that metal by means of a direct electric current. The part to be coated acts as the cathode (negative electrode) of an electrolytic cell; the... | Electroplating | [
"Chemistry"
] | 4,435 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Coatings",
"Metal plating"
] |
51,036 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug%20prohibition | The prohibition of drugs through sumptuary legislation or religious law is a common means of attempting to prevent the recreational use of certain intoxicating substances.
An area has a prohibition of drugs when its government uses the force of law to punish the use or possession of drugs which have been classified as... | Drug prohibition | [
"Chemistry"
] | 8,821 | [
"Drug control law",
"Regulation of chemicals"
] |
51,038 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological%20applications%20of%20superconductivity | Technological applications of superconductivity include:
the production of sensitive magnetometers based on SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices)
fast digital circuits (including those based on Josephson junctions and rapid single flux quantum technology),
powerful superconducting electromagnets use... | Technological applications of superconductivity | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,560 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Superconductivity",
"Materials science",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electrical resistance and conductance"
] |
51,045 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guided%20rat | A remotely guided rat, popularly called a ratbot or robo-rat, is a rat with electrodes implanted in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) and sensorimotor cortex of its brain. They were developed in 2002 by Sanjiv Talwar and John Chapin at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center. The rats wear a small el... | Guided rat | [
"Biology"
] | 536 | [
"Cyborgs"
] |
51,067 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomie | In sociology, anomie or anomy () is a social condition defined by an uprooting or breakdown of any moral values, standards or guidance for individuals to follow. Anomie is believed to possibly evolve from conflict of belief systems and causes breakdown of social bonds between an individual and the community (both econo... | Anomie | [
"Biology"
] | 2,546 | [
"Deviance (sociology)",
"Behavior",
"Human behavior"
] |
51,070 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conventional%20superconductor | Conventional superconductors are materials that display superconductivity as described by BCS theory or its extensions. This is in contrast to unconventional superconductors, which do not. Conventional superconductors can be either type-I or type-II.
Most elemental superconductors are conventional. Niobium and vanadiu... | Conventional superconductor | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 237 | [
"Superconductivity",
"Superconductors"
] |
51,072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20deduction | In logic and proof theory, natural deduction is a kind of proof calculus in which logical reasoning is expressed by inference rules closely related to the "natural" way of reasoning. This contrasts with Hilbert-style systems, which instead use axioms as much as possible to express the logical laws of deductive reasonin... | Natural deduction | [
"Mathematics"
] | 6,679 | [
"Methods of proof",
"Mathematical logic",
"Logical calculi",
"Proof theory"
] |
51,078 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalidomide | Thalidomide, sold under the brand names Contergan and Thalomid among others, is an oral medication used to treat a number of cancers (e.g., multiple myeloma), graft-versus-host disease, and many skin disorders (e.g., complications of leprosy such as skin lesions). Thalidomide has been used to treat conditions associate... | Thalidomide | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 5,999 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Racemic mixtures",
"Withdrawn drugs",
"Origin of life",
"Biochemistry",
"Stereochemistry",
"Drug safety",
"Chirality",
"Chemical mixtures",
"Asymmetry",
"Biological hypotheses",
"Teratogens",
"Symmetry"
] |
51,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnet | A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is invisible but is responsible for the most notable property of a magnet: a force that pulls on other ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, steel, nickel, cobalt, etc. and attracts or repels other magnets.
A permanent magnet is an o... | Magnet | [
"Physics"
] | 8,386 | [
"Metallic objects",
"Physical objects",
"Matter"
] |
51,084 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconventional%20superconductor | Unconventional superconductors are materials that display superconductivity which is not explained by the usual BCS theory or its extension, the Eliashberg theory. The pairing in unconventional superconductors may originate from some other mechanism than the electron–phonon interaction. Alternatively, a superconductor ... | Unconventional superconductor | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 2,908 | [
"Superconductivity",
"Superconductors"
] |
51,108 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poison | A poison is any chemical substance that is harmful or lethal to living organisms. The term is used in a wide range of scientific fields and industries, where it is often specifically defined. It may also be applied colloquially or figuratively, with a broad sense.
Whether something is considered a poison or not may d... | Poison | [
"Environmental_science"
] | 4,430 | [
"Poisons",
"Toxicology"
] |
51,111 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline | A pipeline is a system of pipes for long-distance transportation of a liquid or gas, typically to a market area for consumption. The latest data from 2014 gives a total of slightly less than of pipeline in 120 countries around the world. The United States had 65%, Russia had 8%, and Canada had 3%, thus 76% of all pipe... | Pipeline | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 8,730 | [
"Building engineering",
"Chemical engineering",
"Construction",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Piping",
"Infrastructure"
] |
51,117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner%20effect | In condensed-matter physics, the Meissner effect (or Meißner–Ochsenfeld effect) is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state when it is cooled below the critical temperature. This expulsion will repel a nearby magnet.
The German physicists Walther Meißne... | Meissner effect | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,729 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Superconductivity",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Quantum magnetism",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Electrical resistance and conductance"
] |
51,129 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash%20embedding%20theorems | The Nash embedding theorems (or imbedding theorems), named after John Forbes Nash Jr., state that every Riemannian manifold can be isometrically embedded into some Euclidean space. Isometric means preserving the length of every path. For instance, bending but neither stretching nor tearing a page of paper gives an iso... | Nash embedding theorems | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,697 | [
"Riemannian manifolds",
"Space (mathematics)",
"Metric spaces"
] |
51,138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail | The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on ... | Mail | [
"Technology"
] | 7,583 | [
"Transport systems",
"Postal systems"
] |
51,143 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant-impact%20hypothesis | The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Theia Impact, is an astrogeology hypothesis for the formation of the Moon first proposed in 1946 by Canadian geologist Reginald Daly. The hypothesis suggests that the Early Earth collided with a Mars-sized protoplanet of the same orbit approximately 4.5 billion years ag... | Giant-impact hypothesis | [
"Astronomy",
"Biology"
] | 5,167 | [
"Biological hypotheses",
"Astronomical hypotheses",
"Hypothetical impact events"
] |
51,160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophone | The photophone is a telecommunications device that allows transmission of speech on a beam of light. It was invented jointly by Alexander Graham Bell and his assistant Charles Sumner Tainter on February 19, 1880, at Bell's laboratory at 1325 L Street in Washington, D.C. Both were later to become full associates in the ... | Photophone | [
"Engineering"
] | 4,820 | [
"Optical communications",
"Telecommunications engineering"
] |
51,172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNIX | DNIX (original spelling: D-Nix) is a discontinued Unix-like real-time operating system from the Swedish company Dataindustrier AB (DIAB). A version named ABCenix was developed for the ABC 1600 computer from Luxor. Daisy Systems also had a system named Daisy DNIX on some of their computer-aided design (CAD) workstations... | DNIX | [
"Technology"
] | 5,238 | [
"Real-time computing",
"Real-time operating systems"
] |
51,203 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient | In mathematics, a coefficient is a multiplicative factor involved in some term of a polynomial, a series, or any other type of expression. It may be a number without units, in which case it is known as a numerical factor. It may also be a constant with units of measurement, in which it is known as a constant multiplier... | Coefficient | [
"Mathematics"
] | 965 | [
"Variables (mathematics)",
"Polynomials",
"Mathematical objects",
"Arithmetic",
"nan",
"Numbers",
"Algebra"
] |
51,210 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slow-scan%20television | Slow-scan television (SSTV) is a picture transmission method, used mainly by amateur radio operators, to transmit and receive static pictures via radio in monochrome or color.
A literal term for SSTV is narrowband television. Analog broadcast television requires at least 6 MHz wide channels, because it transmits 25 or... | Slow-scan television | [
"Technology"
] | 3,167 | [
"Information and communications technology",
"Television technology"
] |
51,260 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulb | In botany, a bulb is a short underground stem with fleshy leaves or leaf bases that function as food storage organs during dormancy. In gardening, plants with other kinds of storage organ are also called ornamental bulbous plants or just bulbs.
Description
The bulb's leaf bases, also known as scales, generally do not... | Bulb | [
"Biology"
] | 835 | [
"Behavior",
"Plant reproduction",
"Plants",
"Reproduction",
"Plant morphology"
] |
51,288 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation%20memory | A translation memory (TM) is a database that stores "segments", which can be sentences, paragraphs or sentence-like units (headings, titles or elements in a list) that have previously been translated, in order to aid human translators. The translation memory stores the source text and its corresponding translation in l... | Translation memory | [
"Technology"
] | 5,153 | [
"Natural language and computing",
"Computer-assisted translation"
] |
51,331 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless%20quantity | Dimensionless quantities, or quantities of dimension one, are quantities implicitly defined in a manner that prevents their aggregation into units of measurement. Typically expressed as ratios that align with another system, these quantities do not necessitate explicitly defined units. For instance, alcohol by volume (... | Dimensionless quantity | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,869 | [
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"Dimensionless quantities"
] |
51,332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20number | For Newton number, see also Kissing number in the sphere packing problem.
The power number Np (also known as Newton number) is a commonly used dimensionless number relating the resistance force to the inertia force.
The power-number has different specifications according to the field of application. E.g., for stirre... | Power number | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 106 | [
"Piping",
"Chemical engineering",
"Fluid dynamics stubs",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
51,346 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut | The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the palm tree family (Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus Cocos. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. They are ubiquitous in coastal tropical ... | Coconut | [
"Chemistry"
] | 14,528 | [
"Halophytes",
"Salts"
] |
51,357 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated%20dibenzodioxins | Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins, are a group of long-lived polyhalogenated organic compounds that are primarily anthropogenic, and contribute toxic, persistent organic pollution in the environment.
They are commonly but inaccurately referred to as dioxins for simplicity, because every PCDD mo... | Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins | [
"Chemistry"
] | 5,894 | [
"Persistent organic pollutants under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution",
"Persistent organic pollutants under the Stockholm Convention"
] |
51,393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech%20Biomass%20Association | The Czech Biomass Association (CZ Biom - ) is a NGO, which supports the development of phytoenergetics (energy from plant material) in the Czech Republic. Members of CZ BIOM are scientists, specialists, entrepreneurs, and activists interested in using biomass as an energy resource. CZ BIOM is a member of the European B... | Czech Biomass Association | [
"Engineering"
] | 121 | [
"Renewable energy organizations",
"Energy organizations"
] |
51,399 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckingham%20%CF%80%20theorem | In engineering, applied mathematics, and physics, the Buckingham theorem is a key theorem in dimensional analysis. It is a formalisation of Rayleigh's method of dimensional analysis. Loosely, the theorem states that if there is a physically meaningful equation involving a certain number n physical variables, then the... | Buckingham π theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,874 | [
"Dimensional analysis",
"Equations of physics",
"Eponymous theorems of physics",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Articles containing proofs",
"Physics theorems"
] |
51,414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20theorem%20of%20algebra | The fundamental theorem of algebra, also called d'Alembert's theorem or the d'Alembert–Gauss theorem, states that every non-constant single-variable polynomial with complex coefficients has at least one complex root. This includes polynomials with real coefficients, since every real number is a complex number with its ... | Fundamental theorem of algebra | [
"Mathematics"
] | 6,355 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in algebra",
"Theorems in complex analysis",
"Theorems about polynomials",
"Articles containing proofs"
] |
51,420 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonic%20acid | Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . The molecule rapidly converts to water and carbon dioxide in the presence of water. However, in the absence of water, it is quite stable at room temperature. The interconversion of carbon dioxide and carbonic acid is related to the breathing cycle of anim... | Carbonic acid | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,434 | [
"Acids",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Mineral acids",
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups",
"Inorganic carbon compounds"
] |
51,421 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer%20sequence | In mathematics, an integer sequence is a sequence (i.e., an ordered list) of integers.
An integer sequence may be specified explicitly by giving a formula for its nth term, or implicitly by giving a relationship between its terms. For example, the sequence 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ... (the Fibonacci sequence) is forme... | Integer sequence | [
"Mathematics"
] | 834 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Integer sequences",
"Mathematical structures",
"Recreational mathematics",
"Arithmetic functions",
"Mathematical objects",
"Combinatorics",
"Numbers",
"Number theory"
] |
51,423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-adic%20number | In number theory, given a prime number , the -adic numbers form an extension of the rational numbers which is distinct from the real numbers, though with some similar properties; -adic numbers can be written in a form similar to (possibly infinite) decimals, but with digits based on a prime number rather than ten, and... | P-adic number | [
"Mathematics"
] | 5,322 | [
"P-adic numbers",
"Discrete mathematics",
"Number theory"
] |
51,426 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor%27s%20diagonal%20argument | Cantor's diagonal argument (among various similar names) is a mathematical proof that there are infinite sets which cannot be put into one-to-one correspondence with the infinite set of natural numbersinformally, that there are sets which in some sense contain more elements than there are positive integers. Such sets ... | Cantor's diagonal argument | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,479 | [
"Mathematical theorems",
"Cardinal numbers",
"Foundations of mathematics",
"Set theory",
"Mathematical logic",
"Mathematical objects",
"Infinity",
"Numbers",
"nan",
"Mathematical problems",
"Theorems in the foundations of mathematics"
] |
51,429 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperreal%20number | In mathematics, hyperreal numbers are an extension of the real numbers to include certain classes of infinite and infinitesimal numbers. A hyperreal number is said to be finite if, and only if, for some integer . is said to be infinitesimal if, and only if, for all positive integers . The term "hyper-real" was intr... | Hyperreal number | [
"Mathematics"
] | 5,029 | [
"Mathematical analysis",
"Mathematical objects",
"Infinity",
"Nonstandard analysis",
"Mathematics of infinitesimals",
"Arithmetic",
"Model theory",
"Numbers"
] |
51,432 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surreal%20number | In mathematics, the surreal number system is a totally ordered proper class containing not only the real numbers but also infinite and infinitesimal numbers, respectively larger or smaller in absolute value than any positive real number. Research on the Go endgame by John Horton Conway led to the original definition an... | Surreal number | [
"Mathematics"
] | 10,445 | [
"Recreational mathematics",
"Mathematical logic",
"Mathematical objects",
"Infinity",
"Combinatorics",
"Nonstandard analysis",
"Arithmetic",
"Mathematics of infinitesimals",
"Game theory",
"Model theory",
"Combinatorial game theory",
"Numbers"
] |
51,438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercomplex%20number | In mathematics, hypercomplex number is a traditional term for an element of a finite-dimensional unital algebra over the field of real numbers.
The study of hypercomplex numbers in the late 19th century forms the basis of modern group representation theory.
History
In the nineteenth century, number systems called qu... | Hypercomplex number | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,651 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Mathematical objects",
"Algebraic structures",
"Hypercomplex numbers",
"Numbers"
] |
51,441 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%20divisor | In abstract algebra, an element of a ring is called a left zero divisor if there exists a nonzero in such that , or equivalently if the map from to that sends to is not injective. Similarly, an element of a ring is called a right zero divisor if there exists a nonzero in such that . This is a partial case ... | Zero divisor | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,375 | [
"Abstract algebra",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Ring theory",
"Algebra"
] |
51,442 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zorn%27s%20lemma | Zorn's lemma, also known as the Kuratowski–Zorn lemma, is a proposition of set theory. It states that a partially ordered set containing upper bounds for every chain (that is, every totally ordered subset) necessarily contains at least one maximal element.
The lemma was proved (assuming the axiom of choice) by Kazimie... | Zorn's lemma | [
"Mathematics"
] | 4,367 | [
"Lemmas in set theory",
"Mathematical axioms",
"Axiom of choice",
"Axioms of set theory",
"Order theory",
"Lemmas",
"Theorems in the foundations of mathematics"
] |
51,453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular%20function | In mathematics, a real-valued function f on the interval [a, b] is said to be singular if it has the following properties:
f is continuous on [a, b]. (**)
there exists a set N of measure 0 such that for all x outside of N, the derivative f (x) exists and is zero; that is, the derivative of f vanishes almost everywhere... | Singular function | [
"Mathematics"
] | 481 | [
"Mathematical objects",
"Functions and mappings",
"Types of functions",
"Mathematical relations"
] |
51,462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine | A machine is a physical system that uses power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such as those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolecules, such as molecular machines. Machines can be driven by animals and people... | Machine | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 5,927 | [
"Physical systems",
"Machines",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
51,469 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mold | A mold () or mould () is one of the structures that certain fungi can form. The dust-like, colored appearance of molds is due to the formation of spores containing fungal secondary metabolites. The spores are the dispersal units of the fungi. Not all fungi form molds. Some fungi form mushrooms; others grow as single ce... | Mold | [
"Biology"
] | 3,120 | [
"Fungus common names",
"Fungi",
"Common names of organisms"
] |
51,472 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spore | In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual (in fungi) or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended periods of time, in unfavourable conditions. Spores form part of the life cycles of many plants, algae, fungi and protozoa. They were thought to have appeared as early as the... | Spore | [
"Biology"
] | 1,950 | [
"Behavior",
"Plant reproduction",
"Plants",
"Reproduction",
"Biological interactions"
] |
51,474 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seat%20belt | A seat belt, also known as a safety belt or spelled seatbelt, is a vehicle safety device designed to secure the driver or a passenger of a vehicle against harmful movement that may result during a collision or a sudden stop. A seat belt reduces the likelihood of death or serious injury in a traffic collision by reducin... | Seat belt | [
"Technology"
] | 9,160 | [
"Vehicle parts",
"Components"
] |
51,483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutualism%20%28biology%29 | Mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit. Mutualism is a common type of ecological interaction. Prominent examples are:
the nutrient exchange between vascular plants and mycorrhizal fungi,
the fertilization of flowering plants by pollinators,
the... | Mutualism (biology) | [
"Biology"
] | 4,002 | [
"Behavior",
"Symbiosis",
"Biological interactions",
"Behavioural sciences",
"Mutualism (biology)",
"nan",
"Ethology"
] |
51,510 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk | Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is most commonly produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in c... | Silk | [
"Physics",
"Biology"
] | 7,521 | [
"Biomaterials",
"Materials",
"Matter",
"Medical technology"
] |
51,512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiquette | Etiquette () is the set of norms of personal behaviour in polite society, usually occurring in the form of an ethical code of the expected and accepted social behaviours that accord with the conventions and norms observed and practised by a society, a social class, or a social group. In modern English usage, the French... | Etiquette | [
"Biology"
] | 4,008 | [
"Etiquette",
"Behavior",
"Human behavior",
"Habits"
] |
51,521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density%20lipoprotein | Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein that transport all fat molecules around the body in extracellular water. These groups, from least dense to most dense, are chylomicrons (aka ULDL by the overall density naming convention), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-dens... | Low-density lipoprotein | [
"Chemistry"
] | 4,595 | [
"Lipid biochemistry",
"Lipoproteins"
] |
51,526 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich%20Anton%20de%20Bary | Heinrich Anton de Bary (26 January 183119 January 1888) was a German surgeon, botanist, microbiologist, and mycologist (fungal systematics and physiology).
He is considered a founding father of plant pathology (phytopathology) as well as the founder of modern mycology. His extensive and careful studies of the life hist... | Heinrich Anton de Bary | [
"Biology"
] | 2,014 | [
"Biological interactions",
"Behavior",
"Symbiosis"
] |
51,537 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic%20fill | Hydraulic fill is a means of selectively emplacing soil or other materials using a stream of water. It is also a term used to describe the materials thus emplaced. Gravity, coupled with velocity control, is used to effect the selected deposition of the material.
Borrow pits containing suitable material are accessible... | Hydraulic fill | [
"Physics",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 470 | [
"Hydrology",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Civil engineering",
"Hydraulic engineering"
] |
51,549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postal%20code | A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.
the Universal Postal Union lists 16... | Postal code | [
"Technology"
] | 4,872 | [
"Transport systems",
"Postal systems"
] |
51,596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inositol%20trisphosphate | Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3 is an inositol phosphate signaling molecule. It is made by hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a phospholipid that is located in the plasma membrane, by phospholipase C (PLC).
Together with diacylglycerol (D... | Inositol trisphosphate | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,162 | [
"Inositol",
"Second messenger system",
"Signal transduction",
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry"
] |
51,632 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puffball | Puffballs are a type of fungus featuring a ball-shaped fruit body that (when mature) bursts on contact or impact, releasing a cloud of dust-like spores into the surrounding area. Puffballs belong to the division Basidiomycota and encompass several genera, including Calvatia, Calbovista and Lycoperdon. The puffballs wer... | Puffball | [
"Biology"
] | 1,611 | [
"Fungus common names",
"Fungi",
"Common names of organisms",
"Mushroom types"
] |
51,653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burali-Forti%20paradox | In set theory, a field of mathematics, the Burali-Forti paradox demonstrates that constructing "the set of all ordinal numbers" leads to a contradiction and therefore shows an antinomy in a system that allows its construction. It is named after Cesare Burali-Forti, who, in 1897, published a paper proving a theorem whic... | Burali-Forti paradox | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,051 | [
"Ordinal numbers",
"Basic concepts in infinite set theory",
"Mathematical objects",
"Basic concepts in set theory",
"Paradoxes of naive set theory",
"Order theory",
"Numbers"
] |
51,654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliton | In mathematics and physics, a soliton is a nonlinear, self-reinforcing, localized wave packet that is strongly stable, in that it preserves its shape while propagating freely, at constant velocity, and recovers it even after collisions with other such localized wave packets. Its remarkable stability can be traced to a... | Soliton | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 3,246 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Integrable systems",
"Chemical engineering",
"Theoretical physics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Waves",
"Wave mechanics",
"Subatomic particles",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Piping",
"Quasiparticles",
"Matter",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
51,668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoot%20%28botany%29 | In botany, a plant shoot consists of any plant stem together with its appendages like leaves, lateral buds, flowering stems, and flower buds. The new growth from seed germination that grows upward is a shoot where leaves will develop. In the spring, perennial plant shoots are the new growth that grows from the ground... | Shoot (botany) | [
"Biology"
] | 417 | [
"Plant morphology",
"Plants"
] |
51,672 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuous%20truth | In mathematics and logic, a vacuous truth is a conditional or universal statement (a universal statement that can be converted to a conditional statement) that is true because the antecedent cannot be satisfied.
It is sometimes said that a statement is vacuously true because it does not really say anything. For exampl... | Vacuous truth | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,542 | [
"Mathematical logic",
"Logical truth"
] |
51,698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20real%20number%20line | In mathematics, the extended real number system is obtained from the real number system by adding two elements denoted and that are respectively greater and lower than every real number. This allows for treating the potential infinities of infinitely increasing sequences and infinitely decreasing series as actual in... | Extended real number line | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,451 | [
"Real numbers",
"Mathematical objects",
"Infinity",
"Numbers"
] |
51,702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superscalar%20processor | A superscalar processor (or multiple-issue processor) is a CPU that implements a form of parallelism called instruction-level parallelism within a single processor. In contrast to a scalar processor, which can execute at most one single instruction per clock cycle, a superscalar processor can execute or start executing... | Superscalar processor | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,992 | [
"Computer engineering",
"Computer architecture",
"Computer systems",
"Computers",
"Classes of computers"
] |
51,714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor%27s%20theorem | In calculus, Taylor's theorem gives an approximation of a -times differentiable function around a given point by a polynomial of degree , called the -th-order Taylor polynomial. For a smooth function, the Taylor polynomial is the truncation at the order of the Taylor series of the function. The first-order Taylor poly... | Taylor's theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 4,353 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in calculus",
"Calculus",
"Theorems in real analysis",
"Mathematical relations",
"Articles containing proofs",
"Approximations"
] |
51,718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Atomic%20Energy%20Commission | The United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was an agency of the United States government established after World War II by the U.S. Congress to foster and control the peacetime development of atomic science and technology. President Harry S. Truman signed the McMahon/Atomic Energy Act on August 1, 1946, transferr... | United States Atomic Energy Commission | [
"Engineering"
] | 4,839 | [
"Governmental nuclear organizations",
"Nuclear organizations"
] |
51,736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blimp | A non-rigid airship, commonly called a blimp (/blɪmp/), is an airship (dirigible) without an internal structural framework or a keel. Unlike semi-rigid and rigid airships (e.g. Zeppelins), blimps rely on the pressure of their lifting gas (usually helium, rather than flammable hydrogen) and the strength of the envelope ... | Blimp | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,708 | [
"Chemical process engineering",
"Industrial gases"
] |
51,742 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing%20board | A drawing board (also drawing table, drafting table or architect's table) is, in its antique form, a kind of multipurpose desk which can be used for any kind of drawing, writing or impromptu sketching on a large sheet of paper or for reading a large format book or other oversized document or for drafting precise techni... | Drawing board | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,238 | [
"Architectural communication",
"Architecture"
] |
51,746 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisco | Cisco Systems, Inc. (using the trademark Cisco) is an American multinational digital communications technology conglomerate corporation headquartered in San Jose, California. Cisco develops, manufactures, and sells networking hardware, software, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and produc... | Cisco | [
"Technology"
] | 7,185 | [
"Computer hardware companies",
"Computer systems companies",
"Computers",
"Computer systems"
] |
51,761 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias%20gamma%20coding | Elias code or Elias gamma code is a universal code encoding positive integers developed by Peter Elias. It is used most commonly when coding integers whose upper-bound cannot be determined beforehand.
Encoding
To code a number x ≥ 1:
Let be the highest power of 2 it contains, so 2N ≤ x < 2N+1.
Write out zero bit... | Elias gamma coding | [
"Mathematics"
] | 631 | [
"Numeral systems",
"Mathematical objects",
"Numbers"
] |
51,766 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias%20delta%20coding | Elias δ code or Elias delta code is a universal code encoding the positive integers developed by Peter Elias.
Encoding
To code a number X ≥ 1:
Let N = ⌊log2 X⌋; be the highest power of 2 in X, so 2N ≤ X < 2N+1.
Let L = ⌊log2 N+1⌋ be the highest power of 2 in N+1, so 2L ≤ N+1 < 2L+1.
Write L zeros, followed by
the... | Elias delta coding | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,102 | [
"Numeral systems",
"Mathematical objects",
"Numbers"
] |
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