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id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 31 227	text stringlengths 6 334k	source stringlengths 1 150 ⌀	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 71.8k	subcategories listlengths 0 30
9,205,037	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant%20Resources%20of%20Tropical%20Africa	Plant Resources of Tropical Africa, known by its acronym PROTA, is a retired NGO and interdisciplinary documentation programme active between 2000 and 2013. PROTA produced a large database and various publications about Africa's useful plants. Purpose PROTA was concerned with increasing accessibility to traditional ...	Plant Resources of Tropical Africa	[ "Biology" ]	2,108	[ "Biodiversity" ]
9,205,662	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepidoma	In classical Greek architecture, crepidoma () is the foundation of one or more steps on which the superstructure of a building is erected. Usually the crepidoma has three levels, especially in Doric temples. However, exceptions are common: For example, the Heraion at Olympia features only two steps, and the Olympeion a...	Crepidoma	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	382	[ "Building engineering", "Architectural elements", "Components", "Architecture" ]
9,206,360	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthostates	In the context of classical Greek architecture, orthostates are squared stone blocks much greater in height than depth that are usually built into the lower portion of a wall. They are so called because they seem to "stand upright" rather than to lie on their sides. In other contexts the English term is usually orthost...	Orthostates	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	232	[ "Building engineering", "Architectural elements", "Components", "Architecture" ]
9,206,417	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle%20Academy%20%28Belle%20Glade%29	Eagle Academy is a behavior modification facility. The facility is located on 33800 State Road 80, Belle Glade, Florida. The academy featured in the show High School Boot Camp. The target group is "at-risk" girls and boys between 13 and 16 years of age. They have to be resident in Palm Beach County. They also need t...	Eagle Academy (Belle Glade)	[ "Biology" ]	326	[ "Behavior modification", "Human behavior", "Behavior", "Behaviorism" ]
9,206,499	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal%E2%80%93insulator%20transition	Metal–insulator transitions are transitions of a material from a metal (material with good electrical conductivity of electric charges) to an insulator (material where conductivity of charges is quickly suppressed). These transitions can be achieved by tuning various ambient parameters such as temperature, pressure or,...	Metal–insulator transition	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	1,100	[ "Physical phenomena", "Phase transitions", "Phases of matter", "Critical phenomena", "Materials science", "Condensed matter physics", "Statistical mechanics", "Matter" ]
9,206,525	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydron%20%28chemistry%29	In chemistry, the hydron, informally called proton, is the cationic form of atomic hydrogen, represented with the symbol . The general term "hydron", endorsed by IUPAC, encompasses cations of hydrogen regardless of isotope: thus it refers collectively to protons (H) for the protium isotope, deuterons (H or D) for the d...	Hydron (chemistry)	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	1,255	[ "Cations", "Ions", "Matter" ]
9,208,413	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QuarkNet	QuarkNet is a long-term, research-based teacher professional development program in the United States jointly funded by the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy. Since 1999, QuarkNet has established centers at universities and national laboratories conducting research in particle physics (also ca...	QuarkNet	[ "Physics" ]	832	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Physics education" ]
9,208,663	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%20Eta%20Mu%20Beta	Alpha Eta Mu Beta ( or AEMB) is a biomedical engineering honor society founded at Louisiana Tech University in 1979. History Alpha Eta Mu Beta was founded by Daniel Reneau of Louisiana Tech University in 1979. It is an honor society for students studying biomedical engineering. It has since chartered 40 chapters acro...	Alpha Eta Mu Beta	[ "Engineering" ]	179	[ "Engineering societies", "Engineering honor societies" ]
9,209,184	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solder%20mask	Solder mask, solder stop mask or solder resist is a thin lacquer-like layer of polymer that is usually applied to the copper traces of a printed circuit board (PCB) for protection against oxidation and to prevent solder bridges from forming between closely spaced solder pads. Soldermask is a printed circuit board (PCB)...	Solder mask	[ "Engineering" ]	606	[ "Electrical engineering", "Electronic engineering", "Printed circuit board manufacturing" ]
9,209,693	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helically%20Symmetric%20Experiment	The Helically Symmetric Experiment (HSX, stylized as Helically Symmetric eXperiment), is an experimental plasma confinement device at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, with design principles that are intended to be incorporated into a fusion reactor. The HSX is a modular coil stellarator which is a toroid-shaped pre...	Helically Symmetric Experiment	[ "Physics" ]	1,042	[ "Plasma physics facilities", "Plasma physics" ]
9,209,712	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20generator	A thermoelectric generator (TEG), also called a Seebeck generator, is a solid state device that converts heat (driven by temperature differences) directly into electrical energy through a phenomenon called the Seebeck effect (a form of thermoelectric effect). Thermoelectric generators function like heat engines, but ar...	Thermoelectric generator	[ "Physics", "Technology" ]	5,398	[ "Physical systems", "Electrical generators", "Machines" ]
9,210,048	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Crandall	Richard E. Crandall (December 29, 1947 – December 20, 2012) was an American physicist and computer scientist who made contributions to computational number theory. Background Crandall was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and spent two years at Caltech before transferring to Reed College in Portland, Oregon, where he gradu...	Richard Crandall	[ "Physics" ]	561	[ "Computational physicists", "Computational physics" ]
9,210,114	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhind%20Mathematical%20Papyrus	The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (RMP; also designated as papyrus British Museum 10057, pBM 10058, and Brooklyn Museum 37.1784Ea-b) is one of the best known examples of ancient Egyptian mathematics. It is one of two well-known mathematical papyri, along with the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus. The Rhind Papyrus is the lar...	Rhind Mathematical Papyrus	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,938	[ "Pi" ]
9,210,186	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suillus%20grevillei	Suillus grevillei, commonly known as Greville's bolete, tamarack jack, or larch bolete, is a mycorrhizal mushroom with a tight, brilliantly coloured cap, shiny and wet looking with its mucous slime layer. The hymenium easily separates from the flesh of the cap, with a central stalk that is quite slender. The species ha...	Suillus grevillei	[ "Biology" ]	865	[ "Fungi", "Fungus species" ]
9,210,345	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian%20adaptation	Gaussian adaptation (GA), also called normal or natural adaptation (NA) is an evolutionary algorithm designed for the maximization of manufacturing yield due to statistical deviation of component values of signal processing systems. In short, GA is a stochastic adaptive process where a number of samples of an n-dimensi...	Gaussian adaptation	[ "Biology" ]	4,264	[ "Creationism", "Biology theories", "Obsolete biology theories" ]
9,210,858	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine%20architecture	Marine architecture is the design of architectural and engineering structures which support coastal design, near-shore and off-shore or deep-water planning for many projects such as shipyards, ship transport, coastal management or other marine and/or hydroscape activities. These structures include harbors, lighthouses,...	Marine architecture	[ "Engineering" ]	143	[ "Construction", "Marine architecture", "Architecture", "Offshore engineering" ]
13,188,978	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doe%20Triple-D	The Doe Triple-D or Doe Dual Drive is a make of tractor produced by Ernest Doe & Sons in the 1950s and 1960s in Ulting Essex. Its two engines and 90-degree articulation made it one of the most unorthodox tractors ever built. Development During the 1950s farmers in the United Kingdom in need of high-power tractors ha...	Doe Triple-D	[ "Engineering" ]	549	[ "Engineering vehicles", "Tractors" ]
13,190,594	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20H.%20Goode	Harry H. Goode (June 30, 1909 – October 30, 1960) was an American computer engineer and systems engineer and professor at the University of Michigan. He is known as co-author of the book Systems Engineering from 1957, which is one of the earliest significant books directly related to systems engineering. Biography Har...	Harry H. Goode	[ "Engineering" ]	922	[]
13,191,396	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Association%20of%20Rocketry	The Canadian Association of Rocketry - L'Association Canadienne De Fuséologie (CAR-ACF) is a Canadian federal not for profit self-supporting association and governing body representing amateur/model rocketeers across Canada. The history of amateur/ model rocketry in Canada goes back to 1965 with its approval by the ...	Canadian Association of Rocketry	[ "Astronomy" ]	349	[ "Rocketry stubs", "Astronomy stubs" ]
13,191,721	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerability%20and%20susceptibility%20in%20conservation%20biology	In conservation biology, susceptibility is the extent to which an organism or ecological community would suffer from a threatening process or factor if exposed, without regard to the likelihood of exposure. It should not be confused with vulnerability, which takes into account both the effect of exposure and the likeli...	Vulnerability and susceptibility in conservation biology	[ "Biology" ]	161	[ "Conservation biology" ]
13,192,026	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviceability%20%28computer%29	In software engineering and hardware engineering, serviceability (also known as supportability) is one of the -ilities or aspects (from IBM's RAS(U) (Reliability, Availability, Serviceability, and Usability)). It refers to the ability of technical support personnel to install, configure, and monitor computer products...	Serviceability (computer)	[ "Engineering" ]	1,008	[ "Design", "Design for X" ]
13,192,028	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serviceability%20%28structure%29	In civil engineering and structural engineering, serviceability refers to the conditions under which a building is still considered useful. Should these limit states be exceeded, a structure that may still be structurally sound would nevertheless be considered unfit. It refers to conditions other than the building str...	Serviceability (structure)	[ "Engineering" ]	331	[ "Structural engineering", "Building engineering", "Construction", "Civil engineering", "Architecture" ]
13,192,647	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20freshwater%20ecoregions%20in%20Africa%20and%20Madagascar	This is a list of freshwater ecoregions in Africa and Madagascar as identified by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The WWF categorizes the Earth's land surface into ecoregions, which are defined as "large area[s] of land or water containing a distinct assemblage of natural communities and species." These ecoregions are ...	List of freshwater ecoregions in Africa and Madagascar	[ "Biology" ]	1,709	[ "Aquatic ecology", "Ecosystems" ]
13,192,836	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountaineer	Fountaineer is a portmanteau of "Fountain" and "Engineer" – Hydraulic engineer. Fountaineer describes one who designs, explores, or is passionate about fountains and their design, operation, and use. In addition, the Fontainiers made the water pipes from lead, the restoration of which, from the point of view of monume...	Fountaineer	[ "Engineering" ]	276	[ "Architecture stubs", "Landscape architecture", "Architecture" ]
13,193,455	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irina%20Beletskaya	Irina Petrovna Beletskaya (; born 10 March 1933) is a Soviet and Russian professor of chemistry at Moscow State University. She specializes in organometallic chemistry and its application to problems in organic chemistry. She is best known for her studies on aromatic reaction mechanisms, as well as work on carbanion ac...	Irina Beletskaya	[ "Chemistry" ]	909	[ "Organometallic chemistry" ]
13,193,620	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bound%20graph	In graph theory, a bound graph expresses which pairs of elements of some partially ordered set have an upper bound. Rigorously, any graph G is a bound graph if there exists a partial order ≤ on the vertices of G with the property that for any vertices u and v of G, uv is an edge of G if and only if u ≠ v and there is ...	Bound graph	[ "Mathematics" ]	264	[ "Order theory" ]
13,193,766	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford%20Dish	The Stanford Dish, known locally as the Dish, is a radio antenna in the Stanford foothills. The dish was built in 1961 by the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International). The cost to construct the antenna was $4.5 million, and was funded by the United States Air Force. In the 1960s the Dish was used to prov...	Stanford Dish	[ "Astronomy" ]	435	[ "Astronomical instruments" ]
13,195,175	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic%20tile%20cutter	Ceramic tile cutters are used to cut ceramic tiles to a required size or shape. They come in a number of different forms, from basic manual devices to complex attachments for power tools. Hand tools Beam score cutters, cutter boards The ceramic tile cutter works by first scratching a straight line across the surface...	Ceramic tile cutter	[ "Physics" ]	610	[ "Mechanics", "Mechanical hand tools" ]
13,195,281	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain%20model%20of%20behaviour%20management	The pain model of behaviour management, which acknowledges that physical pain and psychological pain may inhibit learning, is a model developed for teachers who work with students who have extremely challenging behaviours, social problems and a lack of social skills. The model's strategies may also be used by teachers ...	Pain model of behaviour management	[ "Biology" ]	852	[ "Behavior modification", "Human behavior", "Behavior", "Behaviorism" ]
13,195,536	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola%20Single%20Board%20Computers	Motorola Single Board Computers is Motorola's production line of computer boards for embedded systems. There are three different lines : mvme68k, mvmeppc and mvme88k. The first version of the board appeared in 1988. Motorola still makes those boards and the last one is MVME3100. NetBSD supports the MVME147, MVME162, M...	Motorola Single Board Computers	[ "Technology" ]	231	[ "Computing stubs" ]
13,195,856	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20Bombardier%20Dash%208%20landing%20gear%20accidents	In September 2007, two separate accidents due to similar landing gear failures occurred within three days of each other on Bombardier Dash 8 Q400 aircraft operated by Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS). A third accident, again with a SAS aircraft, occurred in 27 October 2007, leading to the withdrawal of the type from ...	2007 Bombardier Dash 8 landing gear accidents	[ "Materials_science" ]	1,545	[ "Airliner accidents and incidents caused by mechanical failure", "Mechanical failure" ]
13,196,068	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20vortices	In a standard superconductor, described by a complex field fermionic condensate wave function (denoted ), vortices carry quantized magnetic fields because the condensate wave function is invariant to increments of the phase by . There a winding of the phase by creates a vortex which carries one flux quantum. See qu...	Fractional vortices	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	1,662	[ "Physical phenomena", "Phase transitions", "Josephson effect", "Superconductivity", "Phases of matter", "Superfluidity", "Condensed matter physics", "Exotic matter", "Matter", "Fluid dynamics" ]
13,197,882	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek%20Hitchins	Derek K. Hitchins (born 1935) is a British systems engineer and was professor in engineering management, in command & control and in systems science at Cranfield University at Cranfield, Bedfordshire, England. Biography Hitchins joined the Royal Air Force in 1952 as an apprentice and retired as a wing commander in 19...	Derek Hitchins	[ "Engineering" ]	565	[ "Systems engineers", "Systems engineering" ]
13,197,969	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitali%20convergence%20theorem	In real analysis and measure theory, the Vitali convergence theorem, named after the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Vitali, is a generalization of the better-known dominated convergence theorem of Henri Lebesgue. It is a characterization of the convergence in Lp in terms of convergence in measure and a condition relate...	Vitali convergence theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	506	[ "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Theorems in measure theory" ]
13,199,350	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPSolve	MPSolve (Multiprecision Polynomial Solver) is a package for the approximation of the roots of a univariate polynomial. It uses the Aberth method, combined with a careful use of multiprecision. "Mpsolve takes advantage of sparsity, and has special hooks for polynomials that can be evaluated efficiently by straight-lin...	MPSolve	[ "Mathematics" ]	279	[ "Numerical software", "Free mathematics software", "Mathematical software" ]
13,199,359	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partitioning%20cryptanalysis	In cryptography, partitioning cryptanalysis is a form of cryptanalysis for block ciphers. Developed by Carlo Harpes in 1995, the attack is a generalization of linear cryptanalysis. Harpes originally replaced the bit sums (affine transformations) of linear cryptanalysis with more general balanced Boolean functions. He d...	Partitioning cryptanalysis	[ "Technology" ]	200	[ "Cryptographic attacks", "Computer security exploits" ]
13,199,362	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARGUS%20%28experiment%29	ARGUS (A Russian-German-United States-Swedish Collaboration; later joined by Canada and the former Yugoslavia) was a particle physics experiment that ran at the electron–positron collider ring DORIS II at the German national laboratory DESY. Its aim was to explore properties of charm and bottom quarks. Its construction...	ARGUS (experiment)	[ "Physics" ]	300	[ "Particle physics stubs", "Particle physics" ]
13,199,685	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSfrag	PSfrag is a LaTeX package that allows one to overlay Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) figures with arbitrary LaTeX constructions, properly aligned, scaled, and rotated. The user has to place a text tag into the EPS file and the corresponding LaTeX construction into the LaTeX file that will include the EPS file. PSfrag wil...	PSfrag	[ "Technology" ]	287	[ "Computing stubs", "Digital typography stubs" ]
7,078,310	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle-resolved%20photoemission%20spectroscopy	Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is an experimental technique used in condensed matter physics to probe the allowed energies and momenta of the electrons in a material, usually a crystalline solid. It is based on the photoelectric effect, in which an incoming photon of sufficient energy ejects an elect...	Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	4,291	[ "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electron spectroscopy", "Emission spectroscopy", "Laboratory techniques in condensed matter physics", "Condensed matter physics", "Spectroscopy" ]
7,078,422	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%205474	NGC 5474 is a peculiar dwarf galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It is one of several companion galaxies of the Pinwheel Galaxy (M101), a grand-design spiral galaxy. Among the Pinwheel Galaxy's companions, this galaxy is the closest to the Pinwheel Galaxy itself. The gravitational interaction between NGC 5474 an...	NGC 5474	[ "Astronomy" ]	198	[ "Ursa Major", "Constellations" ]
7,078,772	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radcom%20Ltd.	RADCOM Ltd. is a provider of quality monitoring and service assurance software for telecommunications carriers, founded in 1991. RADCOM's U.S. headquarters is in Paramus, New Jersey and its international headquarters is in Tel Aviv, Israel. RADCOM is a member of the RAD Group of companies. The company is traded on the ...	Radcom Ltd.	[ "Technology" ]	272	[ "Computer hardware companies", "Computers" ]
7,079,248	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrosymmetric%20matrix	In mathematics, especially in linear algebra and matrix theory, a centrosymmetric matrix is a matrix which is symmetric about its center. Formal definition An matrix is centrosymmetric when its entries satisfy Alternatively, if denotes the exchange matrix with 1 on the antidiagonal and 0 elsewhere: then a matri...	Centrosymmetric matrix	[ "Mathematics" ]	480	[ "Matrices (mathematics)", "Linear algebra", "Mathematical objects", "Algebra" ]
7,079,787	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PS210%20experiment	The PS210 experiment was the first experiment that led to the observation of antihydrogen atoms produced at the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) at CERN in 1995. The antihydrogen atoms were produced in flight and moved at nearly the speed of light. They made unique electrical signals in detectors that destroyed them a...	PS210 experiment	[ "Physics" ]	202	[ "Particle physics stubs", "Particle physics" ]
7,079,795	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Assayer	The Assayer () is a book by Galileo Galilei, published in Rome in October 1623. It is generally considered to be one of the pioneering works of the scientific method, first broaching the idea that the book of nature is to be read with mathematical tools rather than those of scholastic philosophy, as generally held at t...	The Assayer	[ "Astronomy" ]	1,491	[ "Astronomy books", "Works about astronomy", "History of astronomy" ]
7,079,848	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning%20ion-conductance%20microscopy	Scanning ion-conductance microscopy (SICM) is a scanning probe microscopy technique that uses an electrode as the probe tip. SICM allows for the determination of the surface topography of micrometer and even nanometer-range structures in aqueous media conducting electrolytes. The samples can be hard or soft, are genera...	Scanning ion-conductance microscopy	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science" ]	1,585	[ "Nanotechnology", "Scanning probe microscopy", "Microscopy" ]
7,079,877	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20testing%20machine	A universal testing machine (UTM), also known as a universal tester, universal tensile machine, materials testing machine, materials test frame, is used to test the tensile strength (pulling) and compressive strength (pushing), flexural strength, bending, shear, hardness, and torsion testing, providing valuable data fo...	Universal testing machine	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	920	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Materials science", "nan", "Measuring instruments" ]
7,080,378	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolmogorov%20continuity%20theorem	In mathematics, the Kolmogorov continuity theorem is a theorem that guarantees that a stochastic process that satisfies certain constraints on the moments of its increments will be continuous (or, more precisely, have a "continuous version"). It is credited to the Soviet mathematician Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov. St...	Kolmogorov continuity theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	218	[ "Theorems about stochastic processes", "Theorems in probability theory" ]
7,081,475	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thompson%27s%20Island	Thompson's Island is a alluvial island in the upper Allegheny River. It is located in Pleasant Township, Pennsylvania, and is part of the Allegheny Islands Wilderness in Allegheny National Forest. The island's forests contain old growth Silver Maple, Sugar Maple, American Sycamore, and Slippery Elm. Thompson's Isla...	Thompson's Island	[ "Biology" ]	146	[ "Old-growth forests", "Ecosystems" ]
7,081,524	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crull%27s%20Island	Crull's Island is a alluvial island in the upper Allegheny River. It is located in Pleasant Township, Pennsylvania, and is part of the Allegheny Islands Wilderness in Allegheny National Forest. The lower third of Crull's Island was briefly farmed, but was abandoned when it proved to be unprofitable. It is now a pri...	Crull's Island	[ "Biology" ]	138	[ "Old-growth forests", "Ecosystems" ]
7,081,715	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micropower	Micropower describes the use of very small electric generators and prime movers or devices to convert heat or motion to electricity, for use close to the generator. The generator is typically integrated with microelectronic devices and produces "several watts of power or less." These devices offer the promise of a pow...	Micropower	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,568	[ "Electrical generators", "Machines", "Microtechnology", "Materials science", "Physical systems" ]
7,082,115	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roofer	A roofer, roof mechanic, or roofing contractor is a tradesman who specializes in roof construction. Roofers replace, repair, and install the roofs of buildings, using a variety of materials, including shingles, single-ply, bitumen, and metal. Roofing work includes the hoisting, storage, application, and removal of roof...	Roofer	[ "Engineering" ]	3,412	[ "Construction", "Construction safety" ]
7,082,456	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical%20Almanac	The Astronomical Almanac is an almanac published by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office; it also includes data supplied by many scientists from around the world. On page vii, the listed major contributors to its various Sections are: H.M Nautical Almanac Office, United Kingdom Hydrographic Office; the Nautical Alman...	Astronomical Almanac	[ "Astronomy" ]	1,342	[ "Astronomical almanacs", "Works about astronomy", "Astronomical catalogues", "Celestial navigation", "Astronomical objects" ]
7,082,492	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agentless%20data%20collection	In the field of information technology, agentless data collection involves collecting data from computers without installing any new agents on them. References Internet Protocol based network software Data collection	Agentless data collection	[ "Technology" ]	34	[ "Data collection", "Data" ]
7,082,539	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binson%20Echorec	The Binson Echorec is a delay effects unit produced by Italian company Binson. Unlike most other electromechanical delays, the Echorec uses an analog magnetic drum recorder instead of a tape loop. After using Meazzi Echomatic machines, Hank Marvin of the Shadows began using Binson echoes. He used various Binson units ...	Binson Echorec	[ "Technology" ]	306	[ "Recording devices", "Sound recording technology" ]
7,082,603	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous%20Wastes%20from%20Petroleum%20and%20Petrochemical%20Plants	Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants is a book about the composition and treatment of the various wastewater streams produced in the hydrocarbon processing industries (i.e., oil refineries, petrochemical plants and natural gas processing plants). When it was published in 1967, it was the first book de...	Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants	[ "Chemistry" ]	360	[ "Chemical engineering books", "Petroleum stubs", "Petroleum technology", "Books about petroleum", "Petroleum", "Oil refining" ]
7,082,881	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enactivism	Enactivism is a position in cognitive science that argues that cognition arises through a dynamic interaction between an acting organism and its environment. It claims that the environment of an organism is brought about, or enacted, by the active exercise of that organism's sensorimotor processes. "The key point, then...	Enactivism	[ "Biology" ]	5,736	[ "Behavioural sciences", "Behavior", "Behavioral neuroscience" ]
7,083,018	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca%20technology	Inca technology includes devices, technologies and construction methods used by the Inca people of western South America (between the 1100s and their conquest by Spain in the 1500s), including the methods Inca engineers used to construct the cities and road network of the Inca Empire. Hydraulic engineering The builde...	Inca technology	[ "Engineering" ]	3,981	[ "Construction", "Civil engineering" ]
7,083,038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice%20portal	Voice portals are the voice equivalent of web portals, giving access to information through spoken commands and voice responses. Ideally a voice portal could be an access point for any type of information, services, or transactions found on the Internet. Common uses include movie time listings and stock trading. In tel...	Voice portal	[ "Technology" ]	842	[ "Natural language processing", "Natural language and computing" ]
7,083,144	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helenalin	Helenalin, or (-)-4-Hydroxy-4a,8-dimethyl-3,3a,4a,7a,8,9,9a-octahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2,5-dione, is a toxic sesquiterpene lactone which can be found in several plants such as Arnica montana and Arnica chamissonis Helenalin is responsible for the toxicity of the Arnica spp. Although toxic, helenalin possesses some i...	Helenalin	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,499	[ "Chemical ecology", "Plant toxins" ]
7,083,690	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnitruncation	In geometry, an omnitruncation of a convex polytope is a simple polytope of the same dimension, having a vertex for each flag of the original polytope and a facet for each face of any dimension of the original polytope. Omnitruncation is the dual operation to barycentric subdivision. Because the barycentric subdivision...	Omnitruncation	[ "Physics" ]	491	[ "Symmetry", "Uniform polytopes", "Truncated tilings", "Tessellation", "Uniform polyhedra" ]
7,084,895	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot-carrier%20injection	Hot carrier injection (HCI) is a phenomenon in solid-state electronic devices where an electron or a “hole” gains sufficient kinetic energy to overcome a potential barrier necessary to break an interface state. The term "hot" refers to the effective temperature used to model carrier density, not to the overall tempera...	Hot-carrier injection	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,940	[ "Physical phenomena", "Matter", "Integrated circuits", "Physical quantities", "Charge carriers", "Computer engineering", "Semiconductors", "Technological failures", "Semiconductor device defects", "Electric and magnetic fields in matter", "Materials science", "Materials", "Electrical phenome...
7,085,075	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald%20Veblen%20Prize%20in%20Geometry	The Oswald Veblen Prize in Geometry is an award granted by the American Mathematical Society for notable research in geometry or topology. It was funded in 1961 in memory of Oswald Veblen and first issued in 1964. The Veblen Prize is now worth US$5000, and is awarded every three years. The first seven prize winner...	Oswald Veblen Prize in Geometry	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	2,981	[ "Spacetime", "Topology", "Space", "Geometry" ]
7,085,711	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23%20Marina	23 Marina is an 88-story, residential skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. As of 2022, it is the fourth tallest building in Dubai and the sixth tallest residential building in the world. The tower has 57 swimming pools and each duplex in the tower is equipped with its own private elevator. The building was 79 ...	23 Marina	[ "Engineering" ]	151	[ "Postmodern architecture", "Architecture" ]
7,085,764	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorproguanil/dapsone	Chlorproguanil/dapsone (sold commercially as Lapdap) was a fixed dose antimalarial combination containing chlorproguanil and dapsone, which act synergistically against malaria. The drug was withdrawn in 2008 following increasing evidence of toxicity in the form of haemolysis occurring in patients with G6PD deficiency. ...	Chlorproguanil/dapsone	[ "Chemistry" ]	91	[ "Drug safety", "Withdrawn drugs" ]
7,085,773	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20planetariums	This is a timeline of the history of planetariums. Historic influences Development of modern planetariums Digital and Fulldome video References Planetariums Planetariums	Timeline of planetariums	[ "Astronomy" ]	34	[ "Astronomy education", "Astronomy organizations", "Planetaria" ]
7,085,802	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-floating%20barrel	A free-floating barrel is a firearm design used in precision rifles, particularly match grade benchrest rifles, to accurize the weapon system. With conventional rifles, the gun barrel rests in contact with the fore-end of the gunstock, sometimes along the whole length. If the stock is wooden, environmental conditions...	Free-floating barrel	[ "Technology" ]	352	[ "Firearm components", "Components" ]
7,085,910	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyman%20Bass	Hyman Bass (; born October 5, 1932) is an American mathematician, known for work in algebra and in mathematics education. From 1959 to 1998 he was Professor in the Mathematics Department at Columbia University. He is currently the Samuel Eilenberg Distinguished University Professor of Mathematics and Professor of Mathe...	Hyman Bass	[ "Mathematics" ]	572	[ "Algebra", "Algebraists" ]
7,085,992	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interplanetary%20magnetic%20field	The interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), also commonly referred to as the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF), is the component of the solar magnetic field that is dragged out from the solar corona by the solar wind flow to fill the Solar System. Coronal and solar wind plasma The coronal and solar wind plasmas are highl...	Interplanetary magnetic field	[ "Astronomy" ]	804	[ "Magnetism in astronomy", "Outer space", "Solar System" ]
7,086,534	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin%27s%20circulation%20theorem	In fluid mechanics, Kelvin's circulation theorem states:In a barotropic, ideal fluid with conservative body forces, the circulation around a closed curve (which encloses the same fluid elements) moving with the fluid remains constant with time. The theorem is named after William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin who published...	Kelvin's circulation theorem	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	579	[ "Equations of fluid dynamics", "Equations of physics", "Chemical engineering", "Mathematical objects", "Equations", "Piping", "Fluid dynamics" ]
7,086,661	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20image%20functor	In mathematics, specifically in algebraic topology and algebraic geometry, an inverse image functor is a contravariant construction of sheaves; here “contravariant” in the sense given a map , the inverse image functor is a functor from the category of sheaves on Y to the category of sheaves on X. The direct image func...	Inverse image functor	[ "Mathematics" ]	531	[ "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical structures", "Mathematical objects", "Fields of abstract algebra", "Sheaf theory", "Category theory", "Functors", "Topology", "Algebraic geometry", "Mathematical relations" ]
7,087,318	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triaxial%20shear%20test	In materials science, a triaxial shear test is a common method to measure the mechanical properties of many deformable solids, especially soil (e.g., sand, clay) and rock, and other granular materials or powders. There are several variations on the test. In a triaxial shear test, stress is applied to a sample of the ma...	Triaxial shear test	[ "Engineering" ]	2,421	[ "Mining engineering" ]
7,087,423	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean%20circuit	In computational complexity theory and circuit complexity, a Boolean circuit is a mathematical model for combinational digital logic circuits. A formal language can be decided by a family of Boolean circuits, one circuit for each possible input length. Boolean circuits are defined in terms of the logic gates they cont...	Boolean circuit	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,436	[ "Mathematical logic", "Logic in computer science" ]
7,087,967	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Website%20content%20writer	A Website content writer or web content writer is a person who specializes in providing content for websites. Every website has a specific target audience and requires the most relevant content to attract business. Content should contain keywords (specific business-related terms, which internet users might use in orde...	Website content writer	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	919	[ "Computer occupations", "Web design", "Design" ]
7,087,984	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marudai	A is the most common of the traditional frames used for making , a type of Japanese braid. Etymology The marudai is generally made of a close-grained wood and consists of a round disk ( or "mirror") with a hole in the center, supported by four legs set in a base. The Japanese style is often about high and is used ...	Marudai	[ "Engineering" ]	1,174	[ "Manufacturing", "Mechanical engineering" ]
7,088,018	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat%20rate	A flat fee, also referred to as a flat rate or a linear rate refers to a pricing structure that charges a single fixed fee for a service, regardless of usage. Less commonly, the term may refer to a rate that does not vary with usage or time of use. Advantages A business can develop a dependable stance in a market, a...	Flat rate	[ "Technology" ]	2,087	[ "Mobile web", "Internet access", "Wireless networking", "IT infrastructure" ]
7,088,035	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmitoylation	In molecular biology, palmitoylation is the covalent attachment of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, to cysteine (S-palmitoylation) and less frequently to serine and threonine (O-palmitoylation) residues of proteins, which are typically membrane proteins. The precise function of palmitoylation depends on the particul...	Palmitoylation	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,340	[ "Post-translational modification", "Gene expression", "Biochemical reactions" ]
7,088,458	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child%20Exploitation%20Tracking%20System	Child Exploitation Tracking System (CETS) is a Microsoft software based solution that assists in managing and linking worldwide cases related to child protection. CETS was developed in collaboration with law enforcement in Canada. Administered by the loose partnership of Microsoft and law enforcement agencies, CETS off...	Child Exploitation Tracking System	[ "Engineering" ]	649	[ "Cybersecurity engineering", "Computer security software" ]
7,088,631	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-difference%20frequency-domain%20method	The finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method is a numerical solution method for problems usually in electromagnetism and sometimes in acoustics, based on finite-difference approximations of the derivative operators in the differential equation being solved. While "FDFD" is a generic term describing all frequen...	Finite-difference frequency-domain method	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,061	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Computational electromagnetics", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Frequency-domain analysis", "Finite differences", "Computational physics" ]
7,088,692	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Tower	Martin Tower was a 21-story, building at 1170 8th Avenue in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. It was the tallest building in both Bethlehem and the greater Lehigh Valley, taller than the PPL Building in Allentown. Martin Tower was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 28, 2010. Originally built as the h...	Martin Tower	[ "Engineering" ]	1,130	[ "Buildings and structures demolished by controlled implosion", "Architecture" ]
7,088,707	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halocarban	Halocarban (INN; also known as cloflucarban (USAN) and trifluoromethyldichlorocarbanilide; brand name ) is a chemical with antibacterial properties sometimes used in deodorant and soap. References Disinfectants Ureas Trifluoromethyl compounds Chloroarenes 4-Chlorophenyl compounds	Halocarban	[ "Chemistry" ]	85	[ "Organic compounds", "Organic compound stubs", "Organic chemistry stubs", "Ureas" ]
2,950,634	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping%20press	A stamping press is a metalworking machine tool used to shape or cut metal by deforming it with a die. A stamping press uses precision-made male and female dies to shape the final product. It is a modern-day counterpart to the hammer and anvil. Components A press has a bolster plate, and a ram. Presses come in various...	Stamping press	[ "Engineering" ]	778	[ "Machine tools", "Industrial machinery" ]
2,950,875	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arndt%E2%80%93Eistert%20reaction	In organic chemistry, the Arndt–Eistert reaction is the conversion of a carboxylic acid to its homologue. It is named for the German chemists Fritz Arndt (1885–1969) and Bernd Eistert (1902–1978). The method entails treating an acid chlorides with diazomethane. It is a popular method of producing β-amino acids from α-a...	Arndt–Eistert reaction	[ "Chemistry" ]	700	[ "Name reactions", "Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions", "Rearrangement reactions", "Organic reactions" ]
2,950,924	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accession%20number%20%28bioinformatics%29	An accession number, in bioinformatics, is a unique identifier given to a DNA or protein sequence record to allow for tracking of different versions of that sequence record and the associated sequence over time in a single data repository. Because of its relative stability, accession numbers can be utilized as foreign...	Accession number (bioinformatics)	[ "Engineering", "Biology" ]	168	[ "Bioinformatics", "Biological engineering" ]
2,950,926	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimethylglyoxime	Dimethylglyoxime is a chemical compound described by the formula CH3C(NOH)C(NOH)CH3. Its abbreviation is dmgH2 for neutral form, and dmgH− for anionic form, where H stands for hydrogen. This colourless solid is the dioxime derivative of the diketone butane-2,3-dione (also known as diacetyl). DmgH2 is used in the analy...	Dimethylglyoxime	[ "Chemistry" ]	296	[ "Chelating agents", "Process chemicals" ]
2,950,941	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobe%20Attachment%20Module	In Token Ring networks, A Lobe Attachment Module is a box with multiple interfaces to which new network nodes (known as lobes) can be attached. A LAM may have interfaces up to 20 lobes. Functionally a LAM is like a multi-station access unit (MAU), but with a larger capacity: 20 nodes as opposed to 8 nodes for MAU. The ...	Lobe Attachment Module	[ "Engineering" ]	144	[ "Computer networks engineering", "Networking hardware" ]
2,950,949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accession%20number%20%28cultural%20property%29	In galleries, libraries, archives, and museums, an accession number is a unique identifier assigned to, and achieving initial control of, each acquisition. Assignment of accession numbers typically occurs at the point of accessioning or cataloging. If an item is removed from the collection, its number is usually not r...	Accession number (cultural property)	[ "Technology" ]	510	[ "Metadata", "Data" ]
2,951,017	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RealMagic	RealMagic (or ReelMagic), from Sigma Designs, was one of the first fully compliant MPEG playback boards on the market in the mid-1990s. RealMagic is a hardware-accelerated MPEG decoder that mixes its video stream into a computer video card's output through the video card's feature connector. It is also a SoundBlaster-...	RealMagic	[ "Technology" ]	267	[ "Computing stubs", "Computer hardware stubs" ]
2,951,035	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated%20circuit%20design	Integrated circuit design, semiconductor design, chip design or IC design, is a sub-field of electronics engineering, encompassing the particular logic and circuit design techniques required to design integrated circuits, or ICs. ICs consist of miniaturized electronic components built into an electrical network on a m...	Integrated circuit design	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	3,865	[ "Computer engineering", "Electronic design", "Electronic engineering", "Electrical engineering", "Design", "Integrated circuits" ]
2,951,168	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving%20parts	Machines include both fixed and moving parts. The moving parts have controlled and constrained motions. Moving parts are machine components excluding any moving fluids, such as fuel, coolant or hydraulic fluid. Moving parts also do not include any mechanical locks, switches, nuts and bolts, screw caps for bottles etc...	Moving parts	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,376	[ "Physical systems", "Machines", "Machinery", "Mechanical engineering" ]
2,951,275	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session-based%20testing	Session-based testing is a software test method that aims to combine accountability and exploratory testing to provide rapid defect discovery, creative on-the-fly test design, management control and metrics reporting. The method can also be used in conjunction with scenario testing. Session-based testing was developed ...	Session-based testing	[ "Engineering" ]	662	[ "Software engineering", "Software testing" ]
2,951,323	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cram%C3%A9r%E2%80%93Wold%20theorem	In mathematics, the Cramér–Wold theorem or the Cramér–Wold device is a theorem in measure theory and which states that a Borel probability measure on is uniquely determined by the totality of its one-dimensional projections. It is used as a method for proving joint convergence results. The theorem is named after Hara...	Cramér–Wold theorem	[ "Mathematics" ]	155	[ "Sequences and series", "Theorems in mathematical analysis", "Mathematical analysis", "Mathematical theorems", "Functions and mappings", "Convergence (mathematics)", "Mathematical analysis stubs", "Mathematical structures", "Theorems in measure theory", "Mathematical objects", "Theorems in proba...
2,951,380	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory%20testing	Exploratory testing is an approach to software testing that is concisely described as simultaneous learning, test design and test execution. Cem Kaner, who coined the term in 1984, defines exploratory testing as "a style of software testing that emphasizes the personal freedom and responsibility of the individual teste...	Exploratory testing	[ "Engineering" ]	1,349	[ "Software engineering", "Software testing" ]
2,951,410	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notarikon	Notarikon () is a Talmudic method of interpreting Biblical words as acronyms. The same term may also be used for a Kabbalistic method of using the acronym of a Biblical verse as a name for God. Another variation uses the first and last letters, or the two middle letters of a word, to form another word. The word "notar...	Notarikon	[ "Chemistry" ]	536	[ "Alchemical processes" ]
2,951,506	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption%20%28acoustics%29	In acoustics, absorption refers to the process by which a material, structure, or object takes in sound energy when sound waves are encountered, as opposed to reflecting the energy. Part of the absorbed energy is transformed into heat and part is transmitted through the absorbing body. The energy transformed into heat...	Absorption (acoustics)	[ "Physics" ]	1,411	[ "Classical mechanics", "Acoustics" ]
2,951,507	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iproniazid	Iproniazid (Marsilid, Rivivol, Euphozid, Iprazid, Ipronid, Ipronin) is a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) of the hydrazine class. It is a xenobiotic that was originally designed to treat tuberculosis, but was later most prominently used as an antidepressant drug. However, it was withdrawn ...	Iproniazid	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,427	[ "Drug safety", "Withdrawn drugs" ]
2,951,632	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiote%20%28comics%29	The Klyntar (), colloquially and more commonly referred to as symbiotes, are a fictional species of extraterrestrial parasitic life forms appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, most commonly in association with Spider-Man. The symbiotes, as their alternative name suggest, form a symbiotic bond wi...	Symbiote (comics)	[ "Biology" ]	10,024	[ "Superorganisms", "Fictional superorganisms" ]
2,951,653	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercritical%20carbon%20dioxide	Supercritical carbon dioxide (s) is a fluid state of carbon dioxide where it is held at or above its critical temperature and critical pressure. Carbon dioxide usually behaves as a gas in air at standard temperature and pressure (STP), or as a solid called dry ice when cooled and/or pressurised sufficiently. If the te...	Supercritical carbon dioxide	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,212	[ "Greenhouse gases", "Carbon dioxide", "Industrial gases", "Chemical process engineering" ]
2,951,670	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew%20Krok	Matthew Krok (born 8 March 1982) is a former Australian child actor best known for playing the role of schoolboy Arthur McArthur on the Australian sitcom Hey Dad...! from 1991 to 1994. He also appeared in a popular Sorbent toilet paper advertising campaign at around the same time. Career During the peak of his stardo...	Matthew Krok	[ "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	332	[ "Environmental engineers", "Environmental engineering" ]
2,951,818	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitomycins	The mitomycins are a family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae. They include mitomycin A, mitomycin B, and mitomycin C. When the name mitomycin occurs alone, it usually refers to mitomycin C, its international nonproprietary name. Mitomycin C is us...	Mitomycins	[ "Chemistry" ]	910	[ "Organic compounds", "Functional groups", "Ethers" ]
2,951,953	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argo%20%28ROV%29	Argo is an unmanned deep-towed undersea video camera sled developed by Dr. Robert Ballard through Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute's Deep Submergence Laboratory. Argo is most famous for its role in the discovery of the wreck of the RMS Titanic in 1985. Argo would also play the key role in Ballard's discovery of the ...	Argo (ROV)	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	216	[ "Oceanographic instrumentation", "Measuring instruments" ]

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